Clupeonnella cultriventris Nordmann, 1840

Clupeonnella cultriventris image

Synonyms: Clupea cultriventris Nordmann, 1840; Clupea delicatula Nordmann, 1840; Clupeonella delicatula Svetovidov, 1952

Common names: Engl: Tyulka sprat; Bulg: Ezerna tritsona; Rom: Gingirica; Russ: Tyul'ka; Turk: Tilka

Order: CLUPIFORMES

Family: CLUPEIDAE

Taxonomic descriptions: D 14-16; A 17-21; P 13-16; V 8; C I 17 I; Keeled scales 26-30; Gillrakers 41-62; Vertebrae 41-43 (16-18 + 17-19) (Sivkov, 1994). Body elongated, laterally strongly depressed. Body width 0.08-0.11 SL. Belly with a sharp edge of keeled scales. Last two anal finrays enlarged. Size: to 10.5 cm.

Clupeonnella cultriventris arealIUCN Status:
    World level: NE
    Black Sea Regional level: EN
    Subregion level: EN

Distribution: Brackish waters of the north-western part of the Black Sea and Sea of Azov and Caspian (Whitehead, 1984). In Bulgaria: Lakes Shabla, Varna, Burgas; the Bay of Varna (Stojanov and all., 1963).

Habitats type, Critical habitats, Limiting factors: Shoal, pelagic, euryhaline, essentially in brackish waters; shoal and brackish waters; chemical pollution of the coastal lakes.

Biology: Reproduction: April-June on the Bulgarian coast. Food: zooplankton, copepods, mollusc larvae and small fishes.

Population trends: Declining.

Threats: Chemical pollution of the coastal lakes.

Conservation measures taken: Lake Shabla has been made a reserve. The species is included in the Bulgarian Red book (Karapetkova, 1985).

Conservation measures proposed: Cessation of the pollution.

References:

  1. Karapetkova, M. 1985. Red book of Bulgaria., 2, Animals, Sofia, 182 pp.
  2. Sivkov, Y. 1994. Morphological characteristics of the Clupeonella cultriventris (Pisces, Clupeidae) from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. - Bul. Mus. Nat. Varna, 30/45.
  3. Stojanov, S. and all., 1963. The fishes in the Black Sea. Publishing house Varna, 246 pp.; Whitened, 1984. Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean., v. 1: 274.

Compiled by: Y.Sivkov, K.Prodanov