Small Scale Cyprichromis - Cyprichromis microlepidotus Kasai : Complete Fish Profile & Care Guide
Table of contents
Introduction
Small Scale Cyprichromis (Cyprichromis microlepidotus Kasai) is a highly sought-after rarity in the aquarium hobby due to its limited availability, attracting enthusiasts with its unique characteristics and somewhat hardiness.
Small Scale Cyprichromis displays a calm temperament, making it unsuitable for coexisting with more aggressive and boisterous tankmates, especially Mbuna. Instead, it thrives in the company of other peaceful Tanganyikan species inhabiting different aquarium areas. Well-suited companions include rock dwellers such as the less aggressive Julidochromis or Altolamprologus species, as well as various shell-dwelling species.
For optimal social dynamics and visual appeal, it is recommended to maintain a group of no less than eight individuals. Larger groups tend to enhance the display of full colouration in multiple males, creating a visually stunning spectacle.
Given their preference for swimming in the upper part of the water column, it is essential to provide ample space in the aquarium. This can be achieved in a deep tank by leaving the upper half empty and limiting rockwork to the lower half. Additionally, a secure tank cover is necessary to prevent potential jumping behaviour when the fish becomes excited.
The primary colouration of Small Scale Cyprichromis consists of a yellow body with dark bluish-purple fins. However, there are several geographical variants, each exhibiting both yellow and blue-tailed forms. Furthermore, individual populations may showcase males with varying colours and patterns, known as polychromatism. It is crucial to avoid mixing these different forms in the aquarium, as interbreeding could lead to the production of undesirable hybrid offspring.
Small Scale Cyprichromis Photos
Sexual Dimorphism
Distinguishing between male and female Small Scale Cyprichromis is a relatively straightforward task. Males exhibit more vibrant and pronounced colouration compared to females, and they also tend to be slightly larger in size.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Cyprichromis microlepidotus Kasai |
|---|---|
| Year Described | 1956 |
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Classification | Actinopterygii |
| Order | Cichliformes |
| Family | Cichlidae |
| Genus | Cyprichromis |
| Origins | Tanzania , Democratic Republic of the Congo , Burundi |
| Max Size | 11 cm |
| Temperament | Peaceful |
| Aquarium Level | Middle - Top |
| Difficulty | Intermediate |
| Shoaling | NA |
| Best kept as | 1 Male + Several Females |
| Diet & Feeding | Omnivore |
| Reproduction | Mouthbrooder |
| Average Lifespan | Up to 8 Years |
Water Parameters
| Water Type | Freshwater |
|---|---|
| pH | 8.0 - 9.0 |
| GH | 10 - 20 |
| ℉ | 73 - 77 |
|---|---|
| ℃ | 23 - 25 |
Natural Habitat
Small Scale Cyprichromis are native to Lake Tanganyika and predominantly inhabit the northern region of the lake, spanning across Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Burundi. Within their natural habitat, these Cichlids are typically encountered in tranquil waters adjacent to rocky slopes, characterised by the presence of scattered rocks and sandy substrates.
Breeding
Small Scale Cyprichromis is known to exhibit spawning behaviour in community aquariums, but for successful fry rearing, a species-specific setup is recommended. To achieve this, it is advisable to have an adequately deep tank, ideally measuring at least 18 inches in width. Maintaining a pH level of 8.0-8.5 and a temperature range of 75-78°F is considered optimal for their breeding environment.
A three-dimensional breeding territory is established by the males during mating. They permit other species and females to pass through these territories while actively chasing away rival males. When a ripe female swims through a male's territory, he will display courtship behaviours, attempting to attract her attention. If the female shows interest, she will follow the male into the centre of his territory.
Spawning occurs in mid-water, where the female skillfully catches the eggs as they are laid and holds them in her mouth. The male's ventral fins have egg-shaped growths that further attract the female. As she tries to add these "egg spots" to her brood in her mouth, the male releases sperm, fertilising the eggs.
Following fertilisation, the female carries a small brood of approximately 5-10 eggs in her mouth for up to four weeks until the fry is fully developed and ready to be released. During this incubation period, the female refrains from eating and can be easily identified by her distended mouth and characteristic "chewing" action as she moves the eggs. Handling the female with care is crucial since excessive stress may lead to premature spitting out or consumption of the brood.
It is worth noting that prolonged absence from the colony may result in a female losing her established position within the group's hierarchy. Unless a brooding female faces harassment, it is advisable to leave her undisturbed in her current location.
Some experienced breeders opt for artificially stripping the fry from the mother's mouth around the two-week stage to raise them separately, leading to a more significant number of fry. However, this method is not recommended for beginners due to its complexity.
Alternatively, if left undisturbed, the fry will be naturally released into crevices among rocks. In their natural habitat, this behaviour offers protection, as the rocks provide cover, and the fry may join broods of other species, receiving protective care from the foster mother as if they were her own offspring.
Once released, the fry can readily consume newly hatched brine shrimp from the very beginning. Under normal circumstances, they can coexist with adult fish without significant harm.
Diet & Feeding
Small Scale Cyprichromis is characterised as an adapted zooplankton feeder featuring a relatively small mouth. Although this species is generally undemanding when it comes to feeding in captivity, providing appropriately sized food items is crucial.
The most suitable dietary options comprise small live and frozen foods, such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia. Dried foods can also be accepted; however, it is advisable to prioritise live and frozen options for optimal nutrition.
To mimic their natural feeding behaviour, offering multiple feedings throughout the day is preferred, as these fish tend to graze continuously in their native habitat.
