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List of Freshwater Fishes reported from Thailand
n = 879
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Table 1: 826 species currently present in the country/island (endemic, native, introduced, reintroduced);
Table 2: 31 species possibly present in the country/island (stray, questionable);
Table 3: 22 species demonstrated to be absent in the country/island (extirpated, not established, misidentification, error).
Table 4: 879 species reported from the country/island altogether.
Table : 879 .
     
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Family Species Author Info Occurrence Common names Abundance Max length Maturity Remark Photo
Adrianichthyidae Oryzias mekongensis Uwa & Magtoon, 1986 Fr native   3.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Mekong basin. Also from Kalasin, Si Sa Ket, Surin, Nakhon Rachasima, Roi Et and Mun river (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 27139, 26336. 
Adrianichthyidae Oryzias minutillus Smith, 1945 Fr native  common (usually seen) 2.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Occurs in Chao Phraya and Bang Nara basins (Ref. 1632), Mekong and Peninsular Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336); and peats (Ref. 57235). Reported from Bangkok and Satul (Ref. 31267); Samut Prakan, Pathum Thani, Nonthaburi, Ang Thong, Suphan Buri, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Chiang Mai, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Phuket (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 12041, 27139, 27658. 
Adrianichthyidae Oryzias sinensis Chen, Uwa & Chu, 1989 Fr native   3.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Mekong basin (Ref. 43281). 
Adrianichthyidae Oryzias songkhramensis Magtoon, 2010 Fr native   1.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Ban Nong Phai, Ratanawapi, Nong Khai Province, KUMF 7021 (holotype of Oryzias songkhramensis, 1.67 cm SL) (Ref. 84389).  No picture yet.
Osphronemidae Osphronemus exodon Roberts, 1994 Fr native   60.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Mekong basin. Also Ref. 27732. 
Osphronemidae Osphronemus goramy Lacepède, 1801 Fr, Fi, Ex native  Pla min (Thai), Pla raed (Thai), Pla rat (Thai), ปลามิน (Thai), ปลาแรด (Thai)  70.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Mekong, Chao Phraya, Maeklong and Peninsular Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336). Its flesh has good flavour. Is one of the species cultured by the Fisheries Department (Ref. 6459); also from Phatthalung, Hang-kaben (Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya), Tapi river (Surat Thani), Kanchanaburi, Mekong river and Songkhla (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 7425, 9648, 37772, 37773, 43638. 
Cyprinidae Osteobrama alfredianus (Valenciennes, 1844) Fr native    Reported from Mae Hong Son (Ref. 37773).  No picture yet.
Cyprinidae Osteochilus enneaporos (Bleeker, 1852) Fr native   23.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Reported from Trang, Pattani and Surat Thani (Ref. 37773). 
Cyprinidae Osteochilus kahajanensis (Bleeker, 1856) Fr native   22.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Cyprinidae Osteochilus lini Fowler, 1935 Fr native   15.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Chao Phraya, Mekong and Southeast Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336); also from Khon Kaen, Sakon Nakhon, Nong Khai, Nakhon Nayok, Chanthaburi and Trat (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 1632, 12041, 12693, 26580, 27732, 43281. 
Cyprinidae Osteochilus melanopleura (Bleeker, 1852) Fr, Br, M, Fi native  Pla soi nok khao (Thai), Pla nok khao (Thai), Pla prom (Thai), Pla prom hua men (Thai), ปลานกเขา (Thai), ปลาพรม (Thai), ปลาพรมหัวเหม็น (Thai), ปลาสร้อยนกเขา (Thai)  60.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Tapi R., Meklong R., Menam Mun, Chao Phraya, Meyom at Lampang as well as in Mekong River and its tributaries (Ref. 9648); also from Surat Thani, Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Khon Kaen, Ratchaburi, Ang Thong, Nakhon Ratchasima, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nakhon Sawan and Songkhla (Ref. 37773). Museum: Huay Nam Ngam & Mekong mainstream near That Phanom, CAS 95525 (Ref. 5515). Also Ref. 2091, 26336, 26580, 27732, 36654, 37772, 43281. 
Cyprinidae Osteochilus microcephalus (Valenciennes, 1842) Fr native   24.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Salween, Maeklong, Chao Phraya, Mekong, Peninsular and Southeast Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336); also from Chai Nat, Kanchanaburi, Surat Thani, Chiang Mai, Kemarat (Ubon Ratchathani), Kamphaeng, Phet, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nong Khai, Nakhon Sawan, Chanthaburi, Pattani, Prachin Buri and Surat Thani (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 7050, 26580, 36654, 43281, 57235. 
Cyprinidae Osteochilus scapularis Fowler, 1939 Fr native   18.44 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Malay Peninsula from Trang southwards (Ref. 81211).  No picture yet.
Cyprinidae Osteochilus schlegelii (Bleeker, 1851) Fr, Thr native  Giant sharkminnow (English), Pla sa (Thai), Soi (Thai), ปลาซ่า (Thai)  40.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the lower Chao Phrya and Meklong River (Ref. 2091) and the Mekong River and its tributaries (Ref. 9648); also from Bangkok, Ang Thong, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Khon Kaen, Nong Khai and Chanthaburi (Ref. 37773). Threatened due to habitat loss (Ref. 58784). Also Ref. 7050, 26580, 36654. Status of threat: Critically Endangered (Ref. 58784). 
Cyprinidae Osteochilus spilurus (Bleeker, 1851) Fr native   10.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Toh Daeng Peat swamp (Ref. 57235). 
Cyprinidae Osteochilus vittatus (Valenciennes, 1842) Fr, Fi native  Pla sa (Thai), Pla i gun tu bo (Thai), Pla khe khom (Thai), Pla khi khom (Thai), Pla nok khao (Thai), Pla prom hua men (Thai), Pla soi nok khao (Thai), ปลาขี้ขม (Thai), ปลาซ่า (Thai), ปลานกเขา (Thai), ปลาพรมหัวเหม็น (Thai), ปลาสร้อยนกเขา (Thai), ปลาอิกันตูโบ (Thai)  32.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the northeast reservoirs; Mekong River and its tributaries (Ref. 9648) and in the Chao Phraya (Ref. 27732), Salween, Maeklong, peninsular and southeast Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336). Reported from Phrae, Yala, Phitsanulok, Nakhon Phanom, Chiang Mai, Nonthaburi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Chanthaburi, Chai Nat, Nakhon Sawan, Khon Kaen, Ubon Ratchathani, Surat Thani, Kanchanaburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Songkhla, Prachin Buri, Narathiwat, Kamphaeng, Phet and Nong Khai, (Ref. 37773). Preferably eaten fresh or processed into sour fish, fermented fish or smoked fish (Ref. 6459). Also Ref. 1632, 2686, 4832, 26580, 27732, 43281, 57235. 
Cyprinidae Osteochilus waandersii (Bleeker, 1853) Fr native   27.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Mekong and Chao Phraya basins (Ref. 27732). Recorded from Maeklong, Peninsular and Southeast Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336); also from Trang, Chiang Rai, Surat Thani, Chanthaburi, Kanchanaburi, Chumphon, Trat, Yala, Prachuap Khiri Khan and Phrae (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 7050, 36654, 43281. 
Mugilidae Osteomugil speigleri (Bleeker, 1858) Fr, Br, M native   35.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Reported from Krabi, Klong Wan (Prachuap Khiri Khan) and Trat river (Ref. 37773). 
Apogonidae Ostorhinchus cookii (Macleay, 1881) Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Reported from Paknam (Samut Prakan) and Bangkok (Ref. 37773). 
Oxudercidae Oxuderces dentatus Eydoux & Souleyet, 1850 Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Reported from Paknam (Samut Prakan) (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 4833. 
Butidae Oxyeleotris marmorata (Bleeker, 1852) Fr, Br, Fi, Aq native  Pla bu sai (Thai), Pla boo jak (Thai), Pla boo sai (Thai), Pla bu (Thai), Pla bu jak (Thai), Prabu (Thai), ปลาบู่จาก (Thai), ปลาบู่ทราย (Thai)  65.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Mekong, Chao Phraya, Maeklong, Peninsular and Southeast Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336). Reported from Bangkok, Nonthaburi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Lop Buri, Tha Chin river (Samut Sakhon), Paknampho (Nakhon Sawan), Songkhla, Klong Dan (Samut Prakan), Chachoengsao, Uttaradit, and Surat Thani (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 3178, 6459, 7306, 36654, 43281, 57235. 
Butidae Oxyeleotris urophthalmus (Bleeker, 1851) Fr native   28.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Tha Chin river (Samut Sakhon) and Nakhon Pathom (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 7050. 
Xenocyprididae Oxygaster anomalura Van Hasselt, 1823 Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in Chanthaburi, Songkhla and Mekong River (Ref. 37773). Reported from the river systems of Maeklong, Peninsular Thailand and Southeast Thailand (Ref. 26336). Also Ref. 7050, 12693, 57235. 
Xenocyprididae Oxygaster pointoni (Fowler, 1934) Fr native   15.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Chao Phraya and Mekong basins (Ref. 26336, 27732); also from Chiang Mai and Nong Khai (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 43281. 
Pangasiidae Pangasianodon gigas Chevey, 1931 Fr, Fi, Ex, Thr native  Mekong giant catfish (English), Pla ma fai (Thai), Buk (Thai), Pla buk (Thai), Pla hua kum hang hum (Thai), Pla nang (Thai), ปลาปึก (Thai) occasional (usually not seen) 300 cm TL male/unsexed ;235 cm SL female  Occurs in Ubon Ratchathani and Chiang Rai (Ref. 37773). Artificially reproduced fry from artificial breeding program by Department of Fisheries since the 1980s released in the Mekong, the Chao Phraya and natural waters in Thailand (Ref. 7432). Stocked in various reservoirs. Offspring attains a very quick growth, but unsuccesful to develop reproducing gonads in aquaculture condition (Ref. 43281). Highly priced food fish (Ref. 6459). Locally rare in the markets, but popular in pond culture. Threatened due to overfishing (Ref. 58784). Also Ref. 9448, 9648, 26336. Status of threat: Critically Endangered (Ref. 58784). 
Pangasiidae Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) Fr, Fi, Aq native  Pla sawai (Thai), Stripe catfish (English) scarce (very unlikely) 130 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Mekong, Chao Phraya and Maeklong basins (Ref. 26336). Reported from Bangkok (Ref. 1632), Tha Chin river, Pa Sak river (Sara Buri), Nakhon Sawan, and Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya (Ref. 37773). Migrates upstream from Sungkom District (Nong Khai Province) to Chiang Khong from May to July (Ref. 37770); most abundant at the central part. Found in large numbers in the upper part of the Ping River. Can be cultured both in ponds and in cages (Ref. 6459). One of the most important aquaculture species where naturaly occurring P. hypophthalmus are evidently extremely rare. Cultured fish (pla sawai in Thai) attain a maximum size of about 7 kg, while wild ones (called pla sooai in Issan) reportedly attain 50 kg (Ref. 9497). Also Ref. 7432, 37772, 37773. 
Pangasiidae Pangasius bocourti Sauvage, 1880 Fr native   120 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Mekong and Chao Phraya basins (Ref. 7432, 26336); also from Tonle Sap (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 1632, 37770, 41485. 
Pangasiidae Pangasius conchophilus Roberts & Vidthayanon, 1991 Fr, Fi, Ft native   120 cm SL male/unsexed  Large, fast growing species. Most important in the markets of the Chao Phraya and Mekong in Thailand. Might be valuable in mixed culture with P. hypophthalmus in ponds populated by molluscs (Ref. 7432). Migrates upstream from March to August from the Khong Island, just upstream Khone Falls in Laos to Chiang Saen in Thailand (Ref. 37770). Juveniles of 4 cm appear at Klong Kaem District, Ubolratchatani Province and at That Phanom District, Nakhon Phanom Province (Ref. 37770). Museum: Mekong river at Bung Kla, 140 km nw of Nakhon Phanom, CAS 67216 (Ref. 5515). Also Ref. 26336, 37770, 41485. 
Pangasiidae Pangasius djambal Bleeker, 1846 Fr native   90.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Mun River of the middle Mekong in northeast Thailand. Migrates upstream from May, when the water level rises, until August (Ref. 37770). Undertakes downstream migration in Loei during October-November (Ref. 37770). Small juveniles (2-4 cm) have been encountered at Nakhon Phanom from May to November (Ref. 37770). 
Pangasiidae Pangasius elongatus Pouyaud, Gustiano & Teugels, 2002 Fr native   28.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the lower reaches of the Chao Phraya and from the Bangpakong but not from the Mekong or other rivers (Ref. 7432). Also observed in Siam Gulf (? = Gulf of Thailand). Mature specimens observed from July to August in Chao Phraya. Considered close to extinction in Thailand (Ref. 46915). Also Ref. 43281.  No picture yet.
Pangasiidae Pangasius krempfi Fang & Chaux, 1949 Fr native   120 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Mekong basin. Upstream the Khone Falls, it migrates upstream from May to September, dominated by fish in spawning condition (Ref. 37770). Above the Khone Falls, dowstream migration takes place in October (Ref. 37770). Migrations above the Khone Falls in Thailand are triggered by the increase of the water levels (Ref. 37770). Also Ref. 7432, 12693. 
Pangasiidae Pangasius larnaudii Bocourt, 1866 Fr, Fi, Ft native  Pla the pho (Thai), Pla chai por (Thai), Pla hou mat (Thai), Sang kaward (Thai), Tepo (Thai), ปลาเทโพ (Thai), ปลาแชปอ (Thai)  130 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Mekong and Chao Phraya basins (Ref. 27732) and Maeklong basin (Ref. 26336). Reported from Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Chai Nat, Ubon Ratchathani, and Nong Khai (Ref. 37773). Not found in the markets of Bangkok a century ago because it was expensive and reserved for consumption by important people; it was raised in water courses closed off by bamboo grill (Ref. 7432). Also Ref 1632, 6459, 9648, 41485. 
Pangasiidae Pangasius macronema Bleeker, 1850 Fr native  Pla ai duang (Thai), Pla ai dung (Thai), Pla sang ka ward (Thai), Pla sang ka wart (Thai), Sangaward leung (Thai), ปลาสังกะวาด (Thai), ปลาอ้ายด้วง (Thai)  30.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Mekong and Chao Phraya basins (Ref. 26336); also from Nakhon Sawan, Kemarat (Ubon Ratchathani), Lop Buri river, Pa Sak river (Sara Buri) (Ref. 37773). Museum: Mekong river at Bung Kla (140 km N of Nakhon Phanom), CAS 67208 (Ref. 5515). Fishers in Loei Province reported that this species migrates downstream in October-November (Ref. 37770). Also Ref. 9648, 37773. 
Pangasiidae Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker, 1863) Fr native   90.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Reported from Nakhon Sawan, Ang Thong, Samut Prakan, Chai Nat, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya and Nong Khai (Ref. 37773). 
Pangasiidae Pangasius pangasius (Hamilton, 1822) Fr, Fi, Aq misidentification  Pla sa wai kluay (Thai), Pla ai duang (Thai), Pla ai dung (Thai), Pla sa wai (Thai), Pla sang ka ward (Thai), Pla sang ka ward khao (Thai), Pla sang ka ward kluay (Thai), Pla sang ka wart (Thai), Pla sang ka wart khaow (Thai), Pla sang ka wart kluay (Thai), ปลาสวาย (Thai), ปลาสวายกล้วย (Thai), ปลาสังกะวาด (Thai), ปลาสังกะวาดกล้วย (Thai), ปลาสังกะวาดขาว (Thai), ปลาอ้ายด้วง (Thai)  300 cm SL male/unsexed  Report of this species in this region is based on a misidentification of Pangasius hypophthalmus. 
Pangasiidae Pangasius polyuranodon Bleeker, 1852 Fr native   80.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Reported from Bang Pakong river (Chachoengsao), Nonthaburi and Samut Prakan (Ref. 37773). 
Pangasiidae Pangasius sanitwongsei Smith, 1931 Fr, Aq, Or, Sp, Thr native  Chao Phraya giant catfish (English), Pla the pha (Thai), Pla tepa (Thai), Pla the pa (Thai), Tepa (Thai), ปลาเทพา (Thai)  300 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Mekong and Chao Phraya basins (Ref. 26336). Reported from Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nong Khai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chiang Mai, Ubon Ratchathani, and Lop Buri river (Ref. 37773). Threatened due to habitat loss and overfishing; extirpated in the Chao Phraya (Ref. 58784). Museum: Mekong river, CAS 67212 (Bungkla, 140 km nw of Nakhon Phanom); CAS 67213 (mainstream at Bung Kan) (Ref. 5515). Also Ref. 1632, 9648, 37773, 45563. Status of threat: Endangered (Ref. 58784). 
Cobitidae Pangio anguillaris (Vaillant, 1902) Fr native  Pla ard (Thai), ปลาอาด (Thai)  12.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in Mekong River and its tributaries (Ref. 9648) and Chao Phraya basin (Ref. 13770); also from Phrae, Khon Kaen, Phitsanulok, Chiang Mai, Nakhon Sawan, Chanthaburi, Kanchanaburi, Nakhon Ratchasima, Sakon Nakhon and Surat Thani (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 7050, 36654, 26580, 57235. 
Cobitidae Pangio cuneovirgata (Raut, 1957) Fr native   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Narathiwat. Uncommon from peats of South Thailand to Sumatra (Ref. 57235). Also Ref. 13770. 
Cobitidae Pangio doriae (Perugia, 1892) Fr native   9.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Malay peninsula to Borneo (Ref. 57235). 
Cobitidae Pangio fusca (Blyth, 1860) Fr native   8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Salween (Ref. 27732), Maeklong, Chao Phraya, Mekong and Peninsular Thailand river systems (Ref. 26336). 
Cobitidae Pangio kuhlii (Valenciennes, 1846) Fr, Or native   12.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Chanthaburi and Chonburi (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 13770, 57235. 
Cobitidae Pangio myersi (Harry, 1949) Fr, Or native   10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from southeastern Thailand (Ref. 13770) and Malay Peninsula (Ref. 26580); also from Chanthaburi and Chonburi (Ref. 37773). Also Ref. 43281. 
Cobitidae Pangio oblonga (Valenciennes, 1846) Fr native   8.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from th Chao Phraya basin (Ref. 26580) and Mekong basin (Ref. 43281). Reported from Phrae, Khon Kaen, Phatthalung, Kanchanaburi, and Surat Thani (Ref. 37773). Found in torrent streams with gravel or densely litter bottoms including peat canals (Ref. 57235). Also Ref. 7050. 
Cobitidae Pangio pangia (Hamilton, 1822) Fr questionable   6.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Reported from Narathiwat and Sukhothai (Ref. 37773). Outside distributional range, occurrence needs further confirmation. 
Tetraodontidae Pao abei (Roberts, 1998) Fr native  scarce (very unlikely) 10.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Mekong and Meklong basins (Ref. 27661, 43281); also in the Mae Nam Nan (Ref. 43281) and Chao Phraya (Ref. 27661) basins. 
Tetraodontidae Pao baileyi (Sontirat, 1985) Fr, Thr native  Hairy puffer (English)  12.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Mekong River (Ref. 27661). Threatened due to habitat loss (Ref. 58784). Museum: Mekong mainstream near Chiang Khan, CAS 79106 (Ref. 5515). Also Ref. 26336, 27661, 43281, 94476. Status of threat: Endangered (Ref. 58784). 
Tetraodontidae Pao brevirostris (Benl, 1957) Fr native   9.46 cm SL male/unsexed ;7.72 cm SL female  Type locality, Mekong basin Nongkomkoh Swamp, Amphoe Mueang, Nong Khai Province, KUMF 8834 (holotype of Tetraodon palustri, 7.21 cm SL) (Ref. 93844).  No picture yet.
Tetraodontidae Pao cambodgiensis (Chabanaud, 1923) Fr native   15.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Mekong basin (Ref. 43281). 
Tetraodontidae Pao cochinchinensis (Steindachner, 1866) Fr native   11.28 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the river systems of peninsular and southeast Thailand (Ref. 26336). Occurs in the Mekong and the Chao Phraya basins (Ref. 43281); also from Surat Thani (Ref. 37773). 
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