Family |
Species |
Author |
Info |
Occurrence |
Common names |
Abundance |
Max length |
Maturity |
Remark |
Photo |
Centrarchidae |
Acantharchus pomotis
|
(Baird, 1855) | Fr
| endemic | Mud sunfish (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 21.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Gobiidae |
Acanthogobius flavimanus
|
(Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | Fr, Br, M
| introduced | Yellowfin goby (English) | | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 27 TL | Also Ref. 092840. | |
Acipenseridae |
Acipenser brevirostrum
|
Lesueur, 1818 | Fr, Br, M, Pr, Thr
| native | Shortnose sturgeon (English), Pinkster (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 143 cm TL male/unsexed | 49 | Found possibly before Delaware and Potomac rivers, also recorded from Virginia (Ref. 4639). Dredging of rivers (e.g. Hudson) greatly increases siltation thus reducing food availability during the onset of exogenous feeding of the larvae. Dams block access to spawning sites of many rivers. Listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act; the Hudson R. stock has increased in number and now considered stable but as the stock recovers, poaching may become a problem. However, the Connecticut R. stock has not increased markedly and the southern populations continue to be threatened with extinction (Ref. 38308). Also Ref. 11975 ,93252, 27549.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Acipenseridae |
Acipenser fulvescens
|
Rafinesque, 1817 | Fr, Br, Ex, Thr
| native | Lake sturgeon (English) | | 274 cm TL male/unsexed | 112 | Known from the Upper Missouri, Middle Missouri, and Central Prairie ecoregions (Ref. 81264). Recorded from the upper Coosa River system, southern bend of the Tennessee River in Alabama, Ohio and Kentucky rivers. Southern populations are considered as endangered (Ref. 10294). Reported in St. Clair River near Algonac, Michigan (Ref. 82328). Reported in Detroit River in 22 April 2021, when an individual believed to be a female was caught (and tagged) and released; its length was 208.28 cm TL and weight 108,862 grams and estimated to have been hatched around 1920 (Ref. 124048). Status of threat: vulnerable; status improved since 1989 listing. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). Also Ref. 117245. | |
Acipenseridae |
Acipenser medirostris
|
Ayres, 1854 | Fr, Br, M, Sp, Thr
| native | Green sturgeon (English), Stutch’-un (Chinook) | | 270 cm TL male/unsexed | 152 FL | Not common in Puget Sound, Washington in 1895 (Ref. 28609). Rarely found in freshwater. Sport fishery for fish exceeding 100 cm in Delta Area of San Francisco Bay (Ref. 4563). Also Ref. 4925, 6885, 28553.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Acipenseridae |
Acipenser oxyrinchus
|
Mitchill, 1815 | Fr, Br, M, Thr
| native | Atlantic sturgeon (English), Gulf sturgeon (English) | | 403 cm TL male/unsexed ;430 cm TL female | 165 TL | Found in the tributaries of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland and Virginia, also Delaware River (Ref. 4639). Also Ref. 93252.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Acipenseridae |
Acipenser transmontanus
|
Richardson, 1836 | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Thr
| native | White sturgeon (English), Stutch'-un (Chinook) | | 610 cm TL male/unsexed | 112 | Common in Puget Sound, Washington in 1895 (Ref. 28609). Also Ref. 4925, 6885.
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Acrocheilus alutaceus
|
Agassiz & Pickering, 1855 | Fr
| native | Chiselmouth (English) | | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Fraser and Columbia River drainages in Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and Nevada; and Harney River basin in Oregon (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 276, 3814, 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Agosia chrysogaster
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr, Thr
| native | Longfin dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the lower Colorado River drainage (primarily Gila and Bill William River systems) in New Mexico and Arizona and south through southern Arizona (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Alosidae |
Alosa aestivalis
|
(Mitchill, 1814) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Blueback herring (English), Herring (English), River herring (English) | common (usually seen) | 40.00 cm SL male/unsexed | 25 | It is known from Atlantic coast from Maine to St. Johns River, Florisa (Ref. 86798). It is found in Chesapeake Bay and virtually all streams tributary to the Bay, Delaware River, and offshore waters of New Jersey (Ref. 4639). It has been Introduced into Virginia and New Carolina reservoirs and upper Tennesssee River system in Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Its range and abundance have been reduced due to dams (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 188, 27549, 37512, 93252. | |
Alosidae |
Alosa alabamae
|
Jordan & Evermann, 1896 | Fr, Br, M, Thr
| native | Alabama shad (English), Gulf shad (English), Ohio shad (English), Shad (English) | | 51.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the eastern Gulf Coastal drainages from Suwannee River, Florida to Mississippi River (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 188.
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Alosidae |
Alosa chrysochloris
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Skipjack herring (English), Blue herring (English), Golden shad (English), Green herring (English), River herring (English), Skipjack (English) | | 50.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Gulf Coastal drainages, including the Mississippi River basin, from Apalachicola River west to Colorado River, Texas and sometimes in coastal areas slightly to the east and west of these rivers (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 188. | |
Alosidae |
Alosa mediocris
|
(Mitchill, 1814) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Hickory shad (English), Bonejack (English), Fall herring (English), Freshwater taylor (English), Hickory Jack (English), Shad (English), Shad herring (English) | | 60.00 cm SL male/unsexed | 28.7 TL | Occurs in Atlantic coast from Kenduskeag River in Maine to the St. John's River, in Florida and ascends coastal rivers during spring and fall (Ref. 86798). Found throughout Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 4639). Southern New England (Ref. 37512). Also Ref. 188, 27549, 93252. | |
Alosidae |
Alosa pseudoharengus
|
(Wilson, 1811) | Fr, Br, M, Fi
| native | Alewife (English), Bigeye herring (English), Branch herring (English), Freshwater herring (English), Gray herring (English), Grayback (English), Kyak (English), Sawbelly (English), White herring (English), Clipped roefish (English), Corned alewives (English), River herring (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 40.00 cm SL male/unsexed | 13.1 TL | Known from the Atlantic coast from Maine to South Carolina (Ref. 86798). Present in the continental shelf waters off the northeastern United States (Ref. 37512, 10294). Introduced elsewhere, including New River in West Virginia and Virginia, and upper Tennessee River system in Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Virtually all streams tributary to Chesapeake Bay; also found in Virginia, Delaware, and New Jersey (Ref. 4639). Usually abundant, although dams obstruct migrations (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 188, 27549, 93252, 10294. | |
Alosidae |
Alosa sapidissima
|
(Wilson, 1811) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Sp
| native | American shad (English), Atlantic shad (English), Common shad (English), Shad (English), White shad (English) | common (usually seen) | 76.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;61.70 cm SL female | 37.6 FL | Occurs in the Atlantic Coast from Maine to St. Johns River, Florida and ascends coastal rivers during spring spawning migrations. Introduced into Sacramento River, California in 1870s and has spread along Pacific Coast from Washington to California. Landlocked in Millerton Lake, California (Ref. 86798). Game fish in the east coast. Also caught in the Middle Atlantic, Southern New England, Gulf of Maine, and inshore north of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). Distributed virtually in all streams tributary to Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 38947). Also Ref. 6793. Also Refs. 188, 27547, 28609. | |
Cichlidae |
Amatitlania nigrofasciata
|
(Günther, 1867) | Fr
| introduced | Convict cichlid (English), White convict cichlid (English), Zebra chanchito (English), Zebra cichlid (English) | | 10.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Has potential to cause serious damage on native fishes of southwestern United States through competition and possibly predation (Ref. 6466). Also Ref. 1739, 6466, 13364. | |
Centrarchidae |
Ambloplites ariommus
|
Viosca, 1936 | Fr
| endemic | Shadow bass (English) | common (usually seen) | 30.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded above and below the Fall Line in Gulf Coastal drainages from the Apalachicola River west to Lake Pontchartrain, eastern tributaries to the Mississippi River in southern Mississippi, and west of the Mississippi River in the St. Francis, White, and Ouachita river systems (Ref. 10294). | |
Centrarchidae |
Ambloplites cavifrons
|
Cope, 1868 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Roanoke bass (English), Bass (English) | | 36.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Chowan, Roanoke, Tar and Neuse River drainages in Virginia and North Carolina. Localized; populations decreased at least in part due to competition with introduced Ambloplites rupestris (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Centrarchidae |
Ambloplites constellatus
|
Cashner & Suttkus, 1977 | Fr, Sp
| endemic | Ozark bass (English), Bass (English) | | 27.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Centrarchidae |
Ambloplites rupestris
|
(Rafinesque, 1817) | Fr, Lf, Sp
| native | Rock bass (English) | common (usually seen) | 43.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Mississippi River, Great Lakes, and southern Hudson Bay basins (Ref. 10294). Transplanted in Atlantic drainages as far south as Roanoke River in Virginia, in Missouri and Arkansas River drainage in Missouri, Arkansas, southeastern Kansas and northeastern Oklahoma and in some western states. A popular fish sold in live fish markets (Ref. 53249). | |
Amblyopsidae |
Amblyopsis hoosieri
|
Niemiller, Prejean & Chakrabarty, 2014 | Fr, Thr
| native | Hoosier cavefish (English) | | 8.24 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in caves developed in carbonate rock of the Crawford-Mammoth Cave Uplands and Mitchell Plain in the South-Central karst region of Indiana. Its distribution is bounded to the north by the the East Fork White River and
the south by the Ohio River. Recorded from the Lower White, Lower East Fork White, Patoka and Blue-Sinking watersheds. Known from at least 74 localities
in Crawford, Harrison, Lawrence, Orange and Washington counties, including
68 cave systems and six springs. Most of these localities appear to represent sink rather source populations. Endangered in Indiana due to presumed vulnerability to groundwater pollution and other perturbations of aquatic subterranean habitats (Ref. 96073).
Status of threat: Endangered in Indiana by NatureServe (2013) due to few occurrences, small population sizes and being restricted to subterranean habitats that are highly vulnerable to anthropogenic activities (Ref. 96073). | No picture yet. |
Amblyopsidae |
Amblyopsis rosae
|
(Eigenmann, 1898) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Ozark cavefish (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 6.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Springfield Plateau in southwestern Missouri, northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas (Arkansas and upper White River drainages). Also Ref. 3881, 51651.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Amblyopsidae |
Amblyopsis spelaea
|
DeKay, 1842 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Northern cavefish (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Distribution may be limited by competition with Typhlichthys subterraneus (Ref. 27795). State endangered species (Indiana Department of Natural Resources), species of special concern (Kentucky Nature Preserves Comission) (Ref. 27795). Also Ref 27299, 51651.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Ameiurus brunneus
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Snail bullhead (English) | common (usually seen) | 29.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Possibly introduced in Dan River system (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Ameiurus catus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br, Sp
| native | White catfish (English), Catfish (English) | | 95.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Chesapeake Bay: common to abundant in all tributaries (Ref. 27549). Observed to be very common in the brackish waters of Lower Hudson River (Michael Mcguigan, pers.comm. 09/15). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Ictaluridae |
Ameiurus melas
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Lf, Sp
| native | Black bullhead (English), Bullhead (English), Catfish (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 66.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the central North America east of the Rocky Mountains and west of the Appalachians (Ref. 10294). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 3 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 276, 1998. | |
Ictaluridae |
Ameiurus natalis
|
(Lesueur, 1819) | Fr, Sp
| native | Yellow bullhead (English), Bullhead (English) | | 60.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Great Plains and Rio Grande drainages (Ref. 10294). | |
Ictaluridae |
Ameiurus nebulosus
|
(Lesueur, 1819) | Fr, Aq
| native | Brown bullhead (English) | | 55.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Atlantic and Gulf Slope drainages from Maine to Mobile Bay in Alabama; St. Lawrence-Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins south to Louisiana (Ref. 86798). Found in all tributaries of Chesapeake Bay, including ponds, streams and lakes (Ref. 27549). Has been introduced into Idaho and into California where it is cultured in ponds (Ref. 1998). Also Ref. 276, 5723, 10294, 52299. | |
Ictaluridae |
Ameiurus platycephalus
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Flat bullhead (English), Bullhead (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 29.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Ameiurus serracanthus
|
(Yerger & Relyea, 1968) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Spotted bullhead (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 28.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Amiidae |
Amia calva
|
Linnaeus, 1766 | Fr, Fi, Lf, Sp
| native | Bowfin (English), Choupique (Creole, French), Bonnetmouth (English), Cypress trout (English), Marshfish (English) | | 109 cm TL male/unsexed | 53 TL | Known from St. Lawrence River - Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins north to northern Minnesota and south to Gulf, and on Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains from Susquehanna River drainage in southeastern Pennsylvania, to Colorado River in Texas (Ref. 86798). Found in tidal tributaries of Chesapeake Bay in Virginia (Ref. 4639). Introduced sparingly elsewhere, including on Atlantic Slope north to Massachusetts (Ref. 86798). Introduced into Gunpowder and Sassafras rivers in Maryland (Ref. 4639). Type locality: Charleston, South Carolina (Ref. 79012). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 3 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 1998, 27549, 10294, 93252. | |
Percidae |
Ammocrypta beanii
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| endemic | Naked sand darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded below the Fall Line in eastern tributaries to the Mississippi River from the Big Black River, Mississippi, south, and in Gulf Coastal drainages eastward through Mobile Basin (Ref. 10294). Known from Strong River (Pearl River-Gulf of Mexico), Simpson County, Mississippi (Ref. 41482). | |
Percidae |
Ammocrypta bifascia
|
Williams, 1975 | Fr
| endemic | Florida sand darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Ammocrypta clara
|
Jordan & Meek, 1885 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Western sand darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Mississippi River basin from Wisconsin and Minnesota south to Mississippi and Texas in the USA, in the Lake Michigan drainage in Wisconsin, and in the Sabine and Neches River drainages in Texas. Generally sporadic and uncommon; common in a few rivers in northern and western parts of range; extremely rare in Kentucky, Tennessee and Mississippi (Ref. 5723). Type locality: Des Moines River, Ottumwa, Iowa (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Ammocrypta meridiana
|
Williams, 1975 | Fr
| endemic | Southern sand darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 41482. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Ammocrypta pellucida
|
(Putnam, 1863) | Fr, Thr
| native | Eastern sand darter (English) | | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in St. Lawrence River drainage in Vermont and New York; in Great Lakes; and Ohio River basins from western New York to eastern Illinois and south to Kentucky. Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status improved since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Ammocrypta vivax
|
Hay, 1882 | Fr
| endemic | Scaly sand darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Cichlidae |
Amphilophus citrinellus
|
(Günther, 1864) | Fr
| introduced | Midas cichlid (English), Red devil cichlid (English) | | 24.40 cm SL male/unsexed | | Established in canals near Homestead, Dade County in Florida (Ref. 5723). | |
Cichlidae |
Amphilophus trimaculatus
|
(Günther, 1867) | Fr
| not established | Threespot cichlid (English), Red eyed cichlid (English) | | 36.50 cm SL male/unsexed ;25.00 cm TL female | | Formerly established in Florida. Eradicated in 1975 (Ref. 3814). | |
Anabantidae |
Anabas testudineus
|
(Bloch, 1792) | Fr
| not established | Climbing perch (English) | | 25.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Formerly established in Florida, but has since disappeared (Ref. 3814). | |
Rivulidae |
Anablepsoides hartii
|
(Boulenger, 1890) | Fr
| introduced | Giant rivulus (English) | | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Anguillidae |
Anguilla anguilla
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br, M
| not established | European eel (English), Common eel (English), Silver eel (English), Yellow eel (English) | | 122 cm TL male/unsexed ;133 cm TL female | | Introduction also attributed to ballast-water transport (including attributions to transport in bilge water or other seawater systems) from Western Europe (Ref. 37896). | |
Anguillidae |
Anguilla rostrata
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Lf, Sp
| native | American eel (English), Freshwater eel (English) | | 152 cm TL male/unsexed ;122 cm TL female | 33 TL | Known from Atlantic, Great lakes, Mississippi, and Gulf basins to South Dakota and south to Florida (Ref. 86798).Type locality: Cayuga Lake, NY (Ref. 79012). Recorded from the Wicomico and Choptank Rivers, MD (Nov. 3, 1999) (Ref. 48776) and Penobscot Bay, Maine (Ref. 39299). Found in 2 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Reported from St. Lawrence (Ref. 93252). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Also Ref. 10294. | |
Gasterosteidae |
Apeltes quadracus
|
(Mitchill, 1815) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Fourspine stickleback (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Reported from Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 27549). Also Ref. 5723, 93252. | |
Aphredoderidae |
Aphredoderus sayanus
|
(Gilliams, 1824) | Fr
| endemic | Pirate perch (English) | common (usually seen) | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Atlantic and Gulf Slopes from Long Island in New York, USA to Colorado River drainage in Texas, USA; Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from Michigan, Wisconsin and southern Minnesota to Gulf of Mexico in the USA. Isolated population in Lakes Ontario and Erie drainages in New York (Ref. 5723). Primarily restricted to Coastal Plain and other lowland regions (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 51650. | |
Sciaenidae |
Aplodinotus grunniens
|
Rafinesque, 1819 | Fr, Fi, Sp
| native | Freshwater drum (English) | common (usually seen) | 95.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Archoplites interruptus
|
(Girard, 1854) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Sacramento perch (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 73.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Sacramento-San Joaquin, Pajaro and Salinas River drainages in California. Declining in native range; seemingly unable to compete with other sunfishes introduced into its range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cichlidae |
Astronotus ocellatus
|
(Agassiz, 1831) | Fr
| introduced | Oscar (English), Marble cichlid (English), Oscar (English), Red oscar (English), Velvet cichlid (English) | | 45.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Characidae |
Astyanax argentatus
|
Baird & Girard, 1854 | Fr
| native | Texan tetra (English) | | 11.43 cm SL male/unsexed | | Type locality of Astyanax argentatus , ‘upper tributaries to the Río Nueces’, Texas (Ref. 118583). | No picture yet. |
Characidae |
Astyanax mexicanus
|
(De Filippi, 1853) | Fr
| questionable | Mexican tetra (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Reported from Rio Grande (Ref. 78807). Also Ref. 276, 3814, 5723. | |
Lepisosteidae |
Atractosteus spatula
|
(Lacepède, 1803) | Fr, Br, Sp, Thr
| native | Alligator gar (English), Gemfish (English) | | 305 cm OT male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Gobiidae |
Awaous banana
|
(Valenciennes, 1837) | Fr
| native | River goby (English), River goby (English) | | 30.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;24.38 cm SL female | | | |
Gobiidae |
Awaous tajasica
|
(Lichtenstein, 1822) | Fr
| questionable | River goby (English) | | 16.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | Reported from Florida (Ref. 7251). | |
Sciaenidae |
Bairdiella chrysoura
|
(Lacepède, 1802) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Silver perch (English) | | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 9.3 SL | Present inshore south of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). | |
Cyprinidae |
Barbonymus schwanefeldii
|
(Bleeker, 1854) | Fr
| introduced | Tinfoil barb (English), Goldfoil barb (English) | | 35.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Poeciliidae |
Belonesox belizanus
|
Kner, 1860 | Fr, Br
| introduced | Pike killifish (English), Pike livebearer (English) | common (usually seen) | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;15.00 cm TL female | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Campostoma anomalum
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr
| native | Central stoneroller (English) | | 22.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Widespread across most of eastern and central U.S. in Atlantic, Great Lakes, Mississippi River, Hudson Bay (Red River) basins from New York to North Dakota and Wyoming, and south to Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas (but absent from most of lower Ohio River basin}; Gulf Slope drainages of Texas (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Licking River, Kentucky (Ref. 79012). Common to abundant throughout much of range but generally absent in Piedmont and Coastal Plain, uncommon on Great Plains (Ref. 86798). Abundant in most upland waters of the eastern United States but mostly restricted to the Blue Ridge in Atlantic Coastal drainages (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Campostoma oligolepis
|
Hubbs & Greene, 1935 | Fr
| endemic | Largescale stoneroller (English) | common (usually seen) | 22.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Mississippi River and Lake Michigan drainages in Wisconsin, eastern Minnesota, eastern Iowa, and northern Illinois; Ozarkian streams in Missouri, northern Arkansas and northeast Oklahoma; Green, Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages from Kentucky to Alabama and east to Virginia and North Carolina; and Mobile Bay drainage in Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi. Introduced into Escambia River in Alabama. Extirpated from central Illinois (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Campostoma ornatum
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr, Thr
| native | Mexican stoneroller (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Rio Grande system of Big Bend region in southern Texas and Rucker Canyon and Leslie Creek in extreme southeastern Arizona (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Campostoma pauciradii
|
Burr & Cashner, 1983 | Fr
| endemic | Bluefin stoneroller (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Apalachicola and Oconee river drainages (mostly above Fall Line) in Georgia and Alabama; extreme upper Tallapoosa and Etowah river drainages in Georgia; and Toccoa River system (Tennessee River drainage) in Georgia (Ref. 86798). Fairly common only in the upper and middle Chattahoochee River drainage (Ref. 86798); rare elsewhere (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Campostoma pullum
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| native | Central stoneroller (English) | | | | Type locality: Burlington, Des Moines County, Iowa (Ref. 33021). | |
Leuciscidae |
Campostoma spadiceum
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| endemic | Highland stoneroller (English) | common (usually seen) | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Red, Ouachita and lower Arkansas drainages in central Arkansas to eastern Oklahama (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Cyprinidae |
Carassius auratus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br, Aq, Or, B
| introduced | Goldfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 48.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | First introduced in the late 1600s; now established in much of the country based on 2011 report (Ref. 86798). Found in fresh and brackish waters of Chesapeake Bay tributaries in Maryland (Ref. 39170). Occurs in shallow, muddy pools and backwaters of sluggish rivers, ponds and lakes. Usually found in warm turbid or vegetated water (Ref. 86798). Bred in Arkansas for bait (Ref. 26870). A popular aquarium fish, found in 100% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 1739, 6029, 27549, 93252. | |
Cyprinidae |
Carassius carassius
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| not established | Crucian carp (English), English carp (English), Gibele (English), Golden carp (English) | | 64.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Established in Chicago in the 1900s but later died out Ref. 1739). Also Ref. 13364. | |
Cyprinidae |
Carassius langsdorfii
|
Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 | Fr
| introduced | | | 39.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Four specimens collected from Lake Tahoe, California (Ref. 120697). | |
Carcharhinidae |
Carcharhinus leucas
|
(Valenciennes, 1839) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Bull shark (English), Cub shark (English), Ground shark (English), Shark (English) | | 360 cm TL male/unsexed ;400 cm TL female | 215 TL | Found in up to 2800 up the Mississippi River (Ref. 46919) and Atchafalaya River (Ref. 244, 124548). Two individuals caught near the mouth of Potomac River in September 2010 (Ref. 93252). Further confirmed catches occurred in Alton, illinois in 1937, St. Louis, Missouri near Rush I. Power Station in 1995 (Ref. 124548). Also Ref. 96339, 27549, 93252. | |
Catostomidae |
Carpiodes carpio
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Fi, Sp
| native | River carpsucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 64.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mississippi River basin from Pennsylvania to Montana, south to Louisiana; Gulf Slope drainages from Mississippi River to Rio Grande in Texas and New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Introduced into western Lake Erie drainage in Ohio (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294, 78789. | |
Catostomidae |
Carpiodes cyprinus
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr, Sp
| native | Quillback (English) | common (usually seen) | 66.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Atlantic Slope drainages from Delaware River in New York to Altamaha River in South Carolina; Gulf Slope drainages from Apalachicola River in Florida and Georgia to Pearl River in Louisiana (Ref. 5723). Also common in the Mississippi Basin and Great Lakes (except Lake Superior) (Ref. 10294).
Chesapeake Bay: residents in large tributaries except for the Rappahannock and York River drainages (Ref. 93252). | |
Catostomidae |
Carpiodes velifer
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Sp
| endemic | Highfin carpsucker (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 50.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Gulf Slope drainages: from Choctawhatchee River in Alabama and Florida to Pearl River in Mississippi and Louisiana (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus ardens
|
Jordan & Gilbert, 1881 | Fr
| native | Utah sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 65.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus bernardini
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| extirpated | Yaqui sucker (English) | | 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus bondi
|
Smith, Stewart & Carpenter, 2013 | Fr
| native | | | 12.90 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in Oregon from the Fraser River and tributaries to the Columbia River and Snake River below Shoshone Falls: Willamette, Boise, John Day, Yakima, Okanagan, Palouse, Owyhee, Salmon Falls, and (possibly) Salmon rivers (Ref. 93746). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus catostomus
|
(Forster, 1773) | Fr
| native | Longnose sucker (English), Kw'ekw'mús (Okanagan) | | 64.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Ranges south to New England (Ref. 27547). Also Ref. 1998, 43202, 48861. | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus clarkii
|
Baird & Girard, 1854 | Fr, Thr
| native | Desert sucker (English), White River sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 33.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat of Catostomus clarkii: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,4; Catostomus clarkii intermedius: endangered; status sames as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5; Catostomus clarkii utahensis: threatened. Criteria: 1,4,5
(http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus columbianus
|
(Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1893) | Fr
| native | Bridgelip sucker (English), Pept'égpuskn (Okanagan), Qwék (Okanagan), Yéyk (Sahaptin) | common (usually seen) | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 1998. | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus commersonii
|
(Lacepède, 1803) | Fr, Br, Aq, Sp, B
| native | White sucker (English), Black mullet (English), Black sucker (English), Brook sucker (English), Common sucker (English), June sucker (English), Mud sucker (English), Mullet (English) | common (usually seen) | 65.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded throughout the Plains region, and into northern Canada (Ref. 10294). Reared for as bait and as food for hatchery rearing of game fishes (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 1998.
Chesapeake Bay: found in all tributaries throughout the year; occurs in nearly every kind of habitat from shallow creeks to large lakes (Ref. 27549). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus discobolus
|
Cope, 1871 | Fr
| endemic | Bluehead sucker (English), Zuni bluehead sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 41.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Snake River system (Columbia River drainage) in Wyoming, and Idaho; Lake Bonneville basin in Idaho, Wyoming and Utah; south through upper Colorado river drainage (Grand Canyon and above) in Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico and Arizona (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat of subspecies Catostomus discobolus jarrovii: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus fumeiventris
|
Miller, 1973 | Fr
| endemic | Owens sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 50.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus insignis
|
Baird & Girard, 1854 | Fr, Thr
| native | Sonora sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 80.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus latipinnis
|
Baird & Girard, 1853 | Fr
| endemic | Flannelmouth sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 56.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus macrocheilus
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| native | Largescale sucker (English), Kixwix (Okanagan), Xún (Sahaptin), Xúun (Sahaptin) | common (usually seen) | 61.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 1998. | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus microps
|
Rutter, 1908 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Modoc sucker (English) | | 34.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Ash, Turner and Willow creeks (Pit River system) in north California. Common in small area (Ref. 5723). Distribution extends to Gosse Lake tributaries in s. Oregon (Ref. 86798) and in has been reported to be now uncommon in a small area.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus occidentalis
|
Ayres, 1854 | Fr
| native | Goose Lake sucker (English), Sacramento sucker (English), Goose Lake sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 60.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Pacific Slope from Mad River in north California to Salinas River in central California; throughout Sacramento-San Joaquin drainage from Goose Lake in Oregon to Kern River in California (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat of Catostomus occidentalis lacusanserinus: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus platyrhynchus
|
(Cope, 1874) | Fr, B
| native | Mountain sucker (English) | | 25.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 7.6 TL | Also Ref. 1998. | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus plebeius
|
Baird & Girard, 1854 | Fr, Thr
| native | Rio Grande sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus rimiculus
|
Gilbert & Snyder, 1898 | Fr
| endemic | Klamath smallscale sucker (English), Jenny Creek sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 50.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus santaanae
|
(Snyder, 1908) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Santa Ana sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 25.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus snyderi
|
Gilbert, 1898 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Klamath largescale sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 55.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Klamath River drainage in Oregon and California (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus tahoensis
|
Gill & Jordan, 1878 | Fr
| native | Tahoe sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 61.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus tsiltcoosensis
|
Evermann & Meek, 1898 | Fr, Br
| native | Tyee sucker (English) | | 4.42 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in coastal Oregon streams and lakes from the Siuslaw River south to the Sixes rivers (Ref. 87374). Type locality, outlet of Tsiltcoos Lake, Florence, Lane County, Oregon (Ref. 86697). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus utawana
|
Mather, 1886 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Summer sucker (English) | | 10.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;11.00 cm SL female | | Type locality, New York, Hamilton County, Blue Mountain Lake, or
Herkimer County, Big Moose Lake, USNM 392731 (ex USNM 33919) (lectotype of Catostomus utawana,, 10.1 cm SL). Known only from the Adirondack Mountains of New York State, USA in the Saint Lawrence and Hudson River drainages (Ref. 83995).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Catostomus warnerensis
|
Snyder, 1908 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Warner sucker (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 35.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Restricted to endorheic Warner Lake basin in southern Oregon (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Centrarchidae |
Centrarchus macropterus
|
(Lacepède, 1801) | Fr, Sp
| endemic | Flier (English), Flier bream (English) | | 29.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centropomidae |
Centropomus ensiferus
|
Poey, 1860 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Swordspine snook (English), Sworspine snook (English) | | 36.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 26340. | |
Centropomidae |
Centropomus parallelus
|
Poey, 1860 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Fat snook (English), Smallscale fat snook (English), Little snook (English) | | 72.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 26340. | |
Centropomidae |
Centropomus pectinatus
|
Poey, 1860 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Tarpon snook (English) | | 56.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 26340. | |
Centropomidae |
Centropomus undecimalis
|
(Bloch, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Ex, Pr, Sp
| native | Common snook (English), Sergeant fish (English), Snook (English), Thin snook (English) | | 140 cm TL male/unsexed | | Florida Administrative Code, Chapter 14-21.0002 -0003 regards all snooks as game fish and cannot be legally bought or sold. Common snook is a protected species and conservation is promoted (Ref. 7251). | |
Channidae |
Channa argus
|
(Cantor, 1842) | Fr, Lf
| introduced | Snakehead (English) | | 100.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Channidae |
Channa marulius
|
(Hamilton, 1822) | Fr
| introduced | | | 183 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Channidae |
Channa striata
|
(Bloch, 1793) | Fr
| introduced | Chevron snakehead (English), Striped snakehead (English) | | 100.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Established in Oahu since the late 1800s. It has not been introduced to other Hawaiian waters, it is just confined to reservoirs on Oahu. The species is now being cultured as a food fish in Oahu (Ref. 45309). | |
Catostomidae |
Chasmistes brevirostris
|
Cope, 1879 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Shortnose sucker (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 64.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Klamath Lake and its tributaries in Oregon and California (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Chasmistes cujus
|
Cope, 1883 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Cui-ui (English) | | 67.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Pyramid and Winnemucca lakes in Nevada. Declining in Pyramid Lake. Winnemucca Lake is dry (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Chasmistes fecundus
|
(Cope & Yarrow, 1875) | Fr
| native | | | | | Type locality, Utah Lake, Wasatch Co., Utah (Ref. 50838). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Chasmistes liorus
|
Jordan, 1878 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | June sucker (English), June sucker (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 60.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 46.5 TL | It is estimated that fewer than one thousand adults remain in Utah Lake. Others are reproduced artificially and released in reservoirs etc. Introduced species and environmental changes pose major threats (Ref. 35393). Considered extirpated in the wild in 1996 (Ref. 3881). Considered threatened in 2000 (Ref. 35393).
Status of threat: its original form is considered endangered, probably extinct (Ref. 86798); extinct based on Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Chasmistes muriei
|
Miller & Smith, 1981 | Fr, Thr
| native | Snake river sucker (English) | | | | Known only from one specimen collected in Snake River below Jackson Dam in Wyoming (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: extinct. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Amblyopsidae |
Chologaster cornuta
|
Agassiz, 1853 | Fr
| endemic | Swampfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Atlantic Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 51651. | |
Leuciscidae |
Chrosomus cumberlandensis
|
(Starnes & Starnes, 1978) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Blackside dace (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Cumberland River drainage (Big South Fork and above) in Kentucky and Tennessee (Ref. 86798). An endangered species in Tennessee; has been listed as threatened by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: threatened; status improved since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Chrosomus eos
|
Cope, 1861 | Fr
| native | Northern redbelly dace (English), Northern redbelly minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from northern Pennsylvania, Wisconsin and Nebraska. Isolated population in South Platte River system in Colorado (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 1998, 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Chrosomus erythrogaster
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Thr
| native | Southern redbelly dace (English) | | 9.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the basins of Lakes Erie and Michigan and Mississippi River from New York to Minnesota, south to Tennessee River drainage in Albama, and White and Arkansas River drainages in Arizona and Oklahoma. Isolated populations are on Former Mississippi Embayment in Tennessee, Mississippi and Arkansas; Kansas River system in Kansas; and upper Arkansas River drainage in Colorado and New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the Mississippi River basin and tributaries to Lake Michigan and Lake Erie (Ref. 10294). Common in upland and spring-fed streams; absent in lowland areas (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat of the upper Arkansas River populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Chrosomus neogaeus
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr
| native | Finescale dace (English), Scaly minnow (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Great lakes, upper Mississippi and Missouri River drainages south to to New York, Wisconsin and Wyoming (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 1998, 5723, 78811. | |
Leuciscidae |
Chrosomus oreas
|
Cope, 1868 | Fr
| native | Mountain redbelly dace (English) | | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mountain and Piedmont regions of Atlantic Slope from Shenandoah River (Potomac River drainage) in Virginia to Neuse River drainage in North Carolina; upper New River drainage in West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina. Introduced into the upper Holston River system in Virginia, and Big Sandy River system in Kentucky (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Chrosomus saylori
|
(Skelton, 2001) | Fr, Thr
| native | Laurel dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Tennessee River system in Tennessee. Found only in the Walden Ridge of Cumberland Plateau (Ref. 86798). Type locality, Bumbee Creek, 10.0 air km west-southwest of Spring City, Rhea Co., Tennessee, U.S.A., 35°39'46"N, 84°58'09"W. Also Ref. 52299.
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Chrosomus tennesseensis
|
(Starnes & Jenkins, 1988) | Fr, Thr
| native | Tennessee dace (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Tennessee River drainage (from lower Clinch River system in Tennessee, and Holston River system in Virginia to near Georgia border) in Virginia and Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Rare and localized in distribution (Ref. 86798). Listed as species of special concern by the Tennessee Heritage Program and deemed in need of management by the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cichlidae |
Cichla monoculus
|
Agassiz, 1831 | Fr
| introduced | | | 70.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Cichla ocellaris
|
Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | Fr, Sp
| introduced | Butterfly peacock bass (English), Peacock cichlid (English) | | 74.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Cichla temensis
|
Humboldt, 1821 | Fr
| introduced | Speckled pavon (English), Painted pavon (English), Royal pavon (English), Striped tucunare (English), Tucunare pinema (English) | | 99.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Cichlasoma bimaculatum
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| introduced | Black acara (English), Brown acara (English), Port acara (English), Port cichlid (English), Twospot cichlid (English) | | 12.30 cm SL male/unsexed ;30.00 cm TL female | | The only recorded introduction - the accidental release from aquaria in the USA (Ref. 1739). | |
Clariidae |
Clarias batrachus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| introduced | Clarias catfish (English), Walking catfish (English) | | 47.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 9987. | |
Leuciscidae |
Clinostomus elongatus
|
(Kirtland, 1840) | Fr, Thr
| native | Redside dace (English) | | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Hudson and upper Susquehanna River drainages in New York and Pennsylvania; Great Lakes (except Lake Superior) and Mississippi River basins from New York and south to Minnesota and south to West Virginia and Kentucky. Locally common in the eastern part of range but declining in many areas; localized in the west (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Clinostomus funduloides
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| native | Rosyside dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the lower Delaware River drainage in Pennsylvania to Savannah River drainage in Georgia; Ohio River basin in West Virginia and Ohio to northeast Mississippi. Common to abundant on Atlantic Slope and parts of Ohio basin; absent in Ohio River basin between central Ohio and Cumberland River (including most of Kentucky); rare in Cumberland River drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Cichlidae |
Coptodon zillii
|
(Gervais, 1848) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Redbelly tilapia (English), Zill's tilapia (English) | | 40.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 52307. | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus alpenae
|
(Koelz, 1924) | Fr
| native | Chub (English), Cisco (English) | | 45.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Great Lakes basin, occurring only in lakes Huron and Michigan (Ref. 1998). | No picture yet. |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus artedi
|
Lesueur, 1818 | Fr, Br
| native | Cisco (English), Lake herring (English), Tullibee (English) | common (usually seen) | 57.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 12.5 SL | Known from the Atlantic basin from St. Lawrence, Great Lakes, and upper Mississippi River basins in northern Ohio, Illinois, and Minnesota. Also Ref. 3881, 43202, 5723. | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus clupeaformis
|
(Mitchill, 1818) | Fr, Br, Fi
| native | Lake whitefish (English) | | 100.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 23 | Also Ref. 276, 27547, 43202. | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus hoyi
|
(Milner, 1874) | Fr
| native | Bloater (English) | | 37.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 17 TL | Known only from the Great Lakes, except Lake Erie (Ref. 86798). Its population is probably extirpated from Lake Ontario; rare in Lake Michigan, and declining in Lake Superior and Lake Huron (Ref. 86798). | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus johannae
|
(Wagner, 1910) | Fr, Thr
| extirpated | Deepwater cisco (English) | | 26.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Occurred in the deeper portions of lakes Huron and Michigan (Ref. 1998). Status of threat: extinct; status same as 1989. Criteria: 2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus kiyi
|
(Koelz, 1921) | Fr, Thr
| native | Kiyi (English) | | 35.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 18 | Status of threat of Coregonus kiyi orientalis: possibly extinct. Criteria: 1,2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus nigripinnis
|
(Milner, 1874) | Fr, Thr
| native | Blackfin cisco (English) | | 39.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat : Coregonus nigripinnis nigripinnis: possibly extinct; status same as 1989. Criteria: 2,4; Coregonus nigripinnis regalis: threatened. Criteria: 2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus nipigon
|
(Koelz, 1925) | Fr
| native | | | | | Found in Minnesota (Ref. 87054). | No picture yet. |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus reighardi
|
(Koelz, 1924) | Fr, Thr
| native | Shortnose cisco (English), Chub (English), Cisco (English) | | 36.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat of Coregonus reighardi reighardi: possibly extinct; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Coregonus zenithicus
|
(Jordan & Evermann, 1909) | Fr, Thr
| native | Shortjaw cisco (English), Longjaw cisco (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | In Great Lakes basin, formerly caught in lakes Huron, Michigan (probably extirpated) and Superior (Ref. 1998). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: threatened; status improved since 1989 listing. Criteria: 1,2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus aleuticus
|
Gilbert, 1896 | Fr, Br
| native | Coastrange sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Ranges south to Piedras Blancas Point, California (Ref. 27547). Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 1998. | |
Cottidae |
Cottus asper
|
Richardson, 1836 | Fr, Br
| native | Prickly sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus asperrimus
|
Rutter, 1908 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Rough sculpin (English) | | 9.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Ocurs only in Pit River system in Shasta and Lassen counties in California. Abundant in small range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus baileyi
|
Robins, 1961 | Fr
| endemic | Black sculpin (English) | | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common within small range (Ref. 5723). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus bairdii
|
Girard, 1850 | Fr
| native | Mottled sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Great Lakes area, Ozarks, Mississippi Basin, Atlantic Slope drainages and Mobile Bay drainage of the Gulf Slope (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 1998, 10294. | |
Cottidae |
Cottus beldingii
|
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1891 | Fr
| endemic | Paiute sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 4.76 TL | Abundant in Lake Tahoe (Ref. 5723). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus bendirei
|
(Bean, 1881) | Fr, Thr
| native | Malheur sculpin (English) | | | | Known from the Columbia unglaciated and Oregon Lakes ecoregions (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Rattlesnake Creek near Camp Harney, Oregon (Ref. 46206).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus caeruleomentum
|
Kinziger, Raesly & Neely, 2000 | Fr
| endemic | Blue Ridge sculpin (English), Blue Ridge sculpin (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 6.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | In the Elk, Bush and Nanticoke drainages the species occurs on the coastal plain in cold, spring-fed streams. Collected from Hodgson's Run and Big Elk Creek in the Elk drainage. Rare in the Bush drainage. In the Marshyhope system and Butler Mill Branch of the Nanticoke drainage. In the middle and lower reaches of the Susquehanna drainage (Ref. 37399). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus carolinae
|
(Gill, 1861) | Fr
| endemic | Banded sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Ozark region, Tennessee and Cumberland river drainages (Ref. 10294). Upland and lowland streams in Mobile Bay drainage (Ref. 5723). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus chattahoochee
|
Neely, Williams & Mayden, 2007 | Fr
| endemic | | | 8.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found disjunctly within the Chattahoochee River drainage above the Fall Line in Georgia. Appears to be highly sensitive to thermal regimes. Populations in the southern part of the Chattahoochee River drainage are restricted to small streams draining forested watersheds and that lack small impoundments, including beaver ponds. Population in headwater areas near the Blue Ridge physiographic province can be relatively abundant (Ref. 72414). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus cognatus
|
Richardson, 1836 | Fr
| native | Slimy sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | On the east coast it ranges as far south as Virginia (Ref. 27547). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus confusus
|
Bailey & Bond, 1963 | Fr
| native | Shorthead sculpin (English) | | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cottidae |
Cottus echinatus
|
Bailey & Bond, 1963 | Fr, Thr
| native | Utah Lake sculpin (English) | | 9.20 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Bonneville ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Found in the Utah Lake (Ref. 3881).
Status of threat: extinct; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus extensus
|
Bailey & Bond, 1963 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bear Lake sculpin (English) | | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Bonneville ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Known only from Bear Lake in Idaho and Utah (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus girardi
|
Robins, 1961 | Fr
| endemic | Potomac sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cottidae |
Cottus greenei
|
(Gilbert & Culver, 1898) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Shoshone sculpin (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Upper Snake ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Found only in Hagerman Valley (Snake River system) in Idaho, Uncommon in extremely small area (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus gulosus
|
(Girard, 1854) | Fr
| native | Riffle sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus hubbsi
|
Bailey & Dimick, 1949 | Fr
| native | Columbia sculpin (English) | | 11.20 cm SL male/unsexed | | Type locality, Entiat R., Chelan Co., Washington (Ref. 46206). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus hypselurus
|
Robins & Robison, 1985 | Fr
| endemic | Ozark sculpin (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Type locality of Cottus hypselurus, Spenser Creek, a tributary of the Niangua River at Bennett's Springs, 11 miles NW of Lebanon, Laclede Co., Missouri. It is abundant throughout its range and not in need of protective measures (Ref. 121014). Endemic to cool and cold streams of teh Ozark Highlands in Missouri and Arkansas and it belongs to the Osage-Black clade which is known from the Osage, Gasconade and Black river drainages (Ref. 83416). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus immaculatus
|
Kinziger & Wood, 2010 | Fr
| endemic | Knobfin sculpin (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 9.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Current, Eleven Point, Spring and White river systems of the White River drainage in the Ozark Highlands of Missouri and Arkansas. In the Current River, this is the only Cottus species found upstream of Akers Ferry. However, downstream of Akers Ferry, it is reported to be sympatric with Cottus carolinae. Has not been recorded from the lower reaches of the Black River between the confluences of the Current, Eleven Point, Spring and White river systems presumably because unsuitable habitat exists in this lowland faunal region (Ref. 83416). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus kanawhae
|
Robins, 2005 | Fr
| native | | | 11.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus klamathensis
|
Gilbert, 1898 | Fr
| endemic | Marbled sculpin (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Abundant in Klamath River drainage; locally common in Pit River system (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus leiopomus
|
Gilbert & Evermann, 1894 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Wood River sculpin (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Upper Snake ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Found only in the Little and Big Wood River systems (Snake River system) in Idaho. Fairly common in small area (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus marginatus
|
(Bean, 1881) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Margined sculpin (English) | | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Columbia River drainage from the Walla Walla River system in Washington to the Umatilla River system in Oregon. Fairly common in small range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus paulus
|
Williams, 2000 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Pygmy sculpin (English) | | 4.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Mobile Bay ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Found only Coldwater Spring (Coosa River system), Calhoun County in Alabama. Common within extremely small range. Protected as a threatened species (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus perplexus
|
Gilbert & Evermann, 1894 | Fr
| endemic | Reticulate sculpin (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cottidae |
Cottus pitensis
|
Bailey & Bond, 1963 | Fr
| endemic | Pit sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus princeps
|
Gilbert, 1898 | Fr
| endemic | Klamath Lake sculpin (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus rhotheus
|
(Smith, 1882) | Fr
| native | Torrent sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus ricei
|
(Nelson, 1876) | Fr
| native | Spoonhead sculpin (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also in lakes on Isle Royale (Ref. 1998). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus schitsuumsh
|
Lemoine, Young, Mckelvey, Eby, Pilgrim & Schwartz, 2014 | Fr
| native | Cedar sculpin (English) | | 9.90 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Columbia River basin, Idaho-Montana. Found in all streams sampled in the upper Coeur d’Alene
and St. Joe River drainages of the Spokane River basin above Post Falls near Post Falls, Idaho, and sporadically in the middle Clark Fork River basin between Fish Creek and Prospect Creek, approximately between Tarkio and Thompson Falls, Montana (Ref. 94998). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus specus
|
Adams & Burr, 2013 | Fr
| native | Grotto sculpin (English) | | 10.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | Occurs in in tributaries of the Bois Brule River drainage including Cinque
Hommes Creek and Blue Spring (which is the resurgence stream for the Moore Cave system) and has never been collected in the Bois Brule mainstem. These caves and the surface streams are direct tributaries of the Mississippi River through the Bois Brule River (Ref. 92978). | No picture yet. |
Cottidae |
Cottus tallapoosae
|
Neely, Williams & Mayden, 2007 | Fr
| endemic | | | 7.73 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Tallapoosa River drainage above the Fall Line in the east-central Alabama and west-central Georgia. This is widely distributed in streams of the upper Tallapoosa River drainage but it is more localized in streams immediately above the Fall Line (Ref. 72414). | |
Cottidae |
Cottus tenuis
|
(Evermann & Meek, 1898) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Slender sculpin (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Pacific Mid-coastal ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Occurs only in upper Klamath River drainage (upper Klamath Lake and upstream) in Oregon (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Couesius plumbeus
|
(Agassiz, 1850) | Fr
| native | Lake chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 23.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found throughout most of extreme northern USA; south to Delaware River in New York, Lake Chigan in Illinois, and Platte River system in Wyoming. Relict populations in the upper Missouri River drainage in South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado and Wyoming, and Twin Spings Creek (Mississippi River tributary) in Iowa (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 1998, 5723. | |
Goodeidae |
Crenichthys baileyi
|
(Gilbert, 1893) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Hiko White River springfish (English), Moapa White River springfish (English), Mormon White River springfish (English), Preston White River springfish (English), White River springfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the White River system in Nevada (Ref. 86798). Common but threatened due to human encroachment and introductions of non-native fishes (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 27139.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Goodeidae |
Crenichthys nevadae
|
Hubbs, 1932 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Railroad Valley springfish (English) | | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in extremely small areas (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Crystallaria asprella
|
(Jordan, 1878) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Crystal darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Mississippi River basin from Ohio to Minnesota and south to southern Mississippi, northern Louisiana and southeastern Oklahoma; and on Gulf Slope in Escambia, Mobile Bay and Pearl River drainages. Now extirpated from Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois (Ref. 5723). Known from Cahaba River (Alabama-Mobile Bay), Bibb County, Alabama (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Crystallaria cincotta
|
Welsh & Wood, 2008 | Fr, Thr
| native | Diamond darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.73 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in Cumberland, Elk, Green and Muskingum river drainages of the Ohio River basin. Its population has been extirpated from most of its former range within the Ohio River drainage and this species is known only to be extant in the Elk River, West Virginia. A federal protection under the U.S. Endangered Species Act was suggested for the population in Elk River, West Virginia due to the scarcity of individuals, genetic uniqueness and sister group relationship with Crystallaria asprella and cumulative landuse threats within the Elk River drainage. Extensive sampling efforts were carried out from 1980 to 2005 which yielded only a total of 12 specimens.
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Gobiidae |
Ctenogobius pseudofasciatus
|
(Gilbert & Randall, 1971) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Slashcheek goby (English) | | 5.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Gobiidae |
Ctenogobius shufeldti
|
(Jordan & Eigenmann, 1887) | Fr, Br
| native | Freshwater goby (English) | | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 26938. | |
Xenocyprididae |
Ctenopharyngodon idella
|
(Valenciennes, 1844) | Fr, Fi, Lf, Sp
| introduced | Grass carp (English), White amur (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 150 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced to Arkansas and made numerous interstate stockings that quickly spread into 35-40 states (Ref. 10294). Has been reported to occur in 45 states where it competes for food with invertebrates (e.g. crayfish) and other species, causes significant changes in macrophyte, phytoplankton and invertebrate communities, interferes with the reproduction of other fishes, decreases available refugia for other fishes, and so on (Ref. 45864). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 3 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Uncommon but its population is increasing in the lower Mississippi River. Found in lakes, ponds, pools, and backwaters of large rivers. Introduced to control aquatic weed problems in lakes and ponds. Its introduction has been proven to be more costly than beneficial as many fishes, waterfowl and other native species depend on aquatic vegetation (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 1739. | |
Anabantidae |
Ctenopoma nigropannosum
|
Reichenow, 1875 | Fr
| not established | Twospot ctenopoma (English), Twospot climbing perch (English) | | 15.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Introduced and formerly established in Florida (Ref. 3814). Also Ref. 1739. | |
Gasterosteidae |
Culaea inconstans
|
(Kirtland, 1840) | Fr
| native | Brook stickleback (English) | | 8.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Maine, through New York, Pennsylvania and west through Iowa, to Montana; not known from Kansas (Ref. 1998). Isolated population in the Canadian River system in New Mexico (Ref 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Catostomidae |
Cycleptus elongatus
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr, Sp, Thr
| native | Blue sucker (English) | | 93.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the larger rivers of the Mississippi Basin and Gulf Coastal drainages from the Mobile Basin to the Rio Grande. Common now only in the Missouri, Neosho, and middle Rio Grande rivers (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Cycleptus meridionalis
|
Burr & Mayden, 1999 | Fr, Thr
| native | Southeastern blue sucker (English), Southeastern blue sucker (English) | | 59.30 cm TL male/unsexed ;70.20 cm TL female | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Embiotocidae |
Cymatogaster aggregata
|
Gibbons, 1854 | Fr, Br, M, Fi, B
| native | Shiner perch (English), Shiner surfperch (English) | | 20.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | In California, some are marketed mainly for the oriental trade (Ref. 27547) and occasionally used as bait (Ref. 6885). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella analostana
|
Girard, 1859 | Fr
| endemic | Satinfin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Atlantic Slope from Hudson River drainage in New York to Peedee River drainage in South Carolina; isolated records in Lake Ontario drainage in New York (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella caerulea
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Blue shiner (English) | | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Coosa and Cahaba Rivers in southeast Tennessee, northwest Georgia and Alabama (Ref. 86798). Extirpated from Cahaba River system (Ref. 86798). Local and uncommon (Ref. 86798). Considered a threatened species under the U. S. Endangered Species Act (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella callisema
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| endemic | Ocmulgee shiner (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Altamaha and Ogeechee River drainages in Georgia (Ref. 86798). Locally common in Altamaha, uncommon in Ogeechee River drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella callistia
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | Alabama shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mobile Bay drainage in southeastern Tennessee, northwestern Georgia, Alabama and northeastern Mississippi; mostly above Fall Line (Ref. 86798). Recorded in all physiographic provinces above the Fall Line in the Mobile Basin (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella callitaenia
|
(Bailey & Gibbs, 1956) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bluestripe shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Apalachicola River drainage in Georgia, Alabama and Florida (Ref. 86798). Localized and uncommon (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status improved since 1989 listing. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella camura
|
(Jordan & Meek, 1884) | Fr
| native | Bluntface shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the tributaries of Mississippi and Tennessee rivers on Former Mississippi Embayment from Kentucky to Louisiana; and Arkansas River drainage in southwestern Missouri, eastern Kansas, northwestern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma (Ref. 86798). Generally common (Ref. 86798); abundant in western Tennessee and in Neosho River system in Missouri and Oklahoma (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella chloristia
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Greenfin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Santee River drainage in North Carolina and South Carolina; and Peedee River drainage in South Carolina. Mostly found above Fall Line (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella eurystoma
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | | | | | Type locality, Nancys Creek, tributary of Chattahoochee River, Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia, U.S.A. (Ref. 81932). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella formosa
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Thr
| native | Beautiful shiner (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from San Bernardina Creek in southwest New Mexico and southeast Arizona (Ref. 86798). Possibly extirpated (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 5723.
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella galactura
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| endemic | Whitetail shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Disjunct range east and west of Former Mississippi Embayment. Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages in Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi; upper Savannah and Santee drainages (Atlantic Slope) in North Carolina, South Caroline, and Georgia; and upper New River drainage in West Virginia and Virginia; St. Francis and White River drainages in Missouri and Arkansas (Ref. 86798). Common; locally abundant (Ref. 86798). Introduced in Big Sandy and upper New systems of the Ohio River drainage (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella gibbsi
|
(Howell & Williams, 1971) | Fr
| endemic | Tallapoosa shiner (English) | | 9.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Tallapoosa River system (Alabama River drainage) in Alabama and Georgia; a single record in Chattahoochee River in Alabama (Ref. 86798). Most common minnow in Tallapoosa River tributaries (Ref. 5723, 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella labrosa
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| endemic | Thicklip chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from upper Peedee and Santee River drainages in Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina (Ref. 86798). Locally common, especially in montane and upper Piedmont streams (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella leedsi
|
(Fowler, 1942) | Fr
| endemic | Bannerfin shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Atlantic Slope from Edisto River drainage in South Carolina to Altamaha River drainage in Georgia; Gulf Slope in Suwannee and Ochlockonee drainages in Georgia and Florida (Ref. 86798). Restricted to Coastal Plain (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella lepida
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Plateau shiner (English), Edwards Plateau shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Nueces River drainage, Edwards Plateau in Texas (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Rio Frio (tributary Rio Nueces), either Real or Uvalde Co., Texas (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 3814, 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella lutrensis
|
(Baird & Girard, 1853) | Fr, B, Thr
| native | Red shiner (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 9.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Mississippi River basin from soutwestern Wisconsin and eastern Indiana to Wyoming and south to Louisiana; Gulf drainages west of Mississippi River to Rio Grande in Texas, New Mexico and Colorado. Absent in Ozark and Ouachita uplands. Widely introduced elsewhere in USA (Ref. 5723, 86798). Type locality: Otter Creek, tributary of the North Fork of the Red River, Kiowa or Tillman County, Oklahoma (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat of Cyprinella lutrensis blairi: extinct. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella monacha
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Spotfin chub (English), Turquoise shiner (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 6 SL | Historically found in several tributaries of Tennessee River in Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia to Alabama; now present only in Little Tennessee River in North Carolina, Buffalo and Emory river in Tennessee, and Holston River in Virginia and Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 5723, 10294.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989 listing. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella nivea
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Whitefin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Atlantic Slope from Neuse River drainage in North Carolina to Savannah River drainage in Georgia (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella proserpina
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Thr
| native | Proserpine shiner (English), Prosperine shiner (English) | | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Devils River, lower Pecos River and nearby tributaries of Rio Grande in Texas (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Devils River, Texas (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 3881, 5723.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,3,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella pyrrhomelas
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Fieryblack shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Peedee and Santee River drainages in North Carolina and South Carolina. Introduced to Chattooga River (Savannah River drainage) in Georgia (Ref. 86798). Common, especially in mountain streams (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella spiloptera
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr
| native | Spotfin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Atlantic coastal drainages from Hudson through Potomac River drainage in Virginia, USA; Great Lakes (except Lake Superior), Hudson Bay (Red River) and Mississippi River basins from New York to North Dakota and south to Alabama and eastern Oklahoma; isolated populations in Ozarks (Ref. 86798).
Chesapeake Bay: found in large tributaries, occasionally collected in waters with salinities greater than 5% but is typically found in lakes and in large creeks and rivers (Ref. 27549). | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella stigmatura
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | | | | | Type locality, Trib. of Etowah R. (probably Silver Creek), near Rome, Floyd Co., Georgia, U.S.A. (Ref. 50838). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella trichroistia
|
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Tricolor shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Alabama River drainage (mostly Coosa and Cahaba River systems) in southeastern Tennessee, northwestern Georgia and Alabama; localized in Black Warrior River system, Alabama (Ref. 86798). Reported from Jones Gap
State Park in Marietta South Carolina (David, pers.comm. 25Apr/2022). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella venusta
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| endemic | Blacktail shiner (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 19.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Gulf drainages from Suwannee River in Georgia and Florida to Rio Grande in Texas; and Mississippi River basin (mostly on Former Mississippi Embayment) from southern Illinois and Missouri to Louisiana and west in Red River drainage to western Oklahoma. Introduced into Sac River (Missouri River drainage) in Missouri (Ref. 86798). Abundant over much of its range (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Rio Sabinal at Sabinal, Uvalde Co., Texas (Ref. 79012). Recorded from the Gulf Coastal Plain from Suwannee drainage of Florida to the Rio Grande; upper Mobile Basin; lower Mississippi River and its tributaries north to southern Illinois, and in the western Gulf of Mexico drainages. Introduced into Colorado River drainage (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella whipplei
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| endemic | Steelcolor shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mississippi River basin from Ohio and West Virginia to Missouri and eastern Oklahoma, and south to northern Alabama and northern Louisiana; Black Warrior River system (Mobile Bay drainage) in Alabama (Ref. 86798). Mostly absent on Coastal Plain (Ref. 86798). Recorded above the Fall Line in the Mississippi River drainage from Illinois River system, Illinois, southward, and also occurs in the Black Warrior portion of the Mobile drainage (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella xaenura
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Altamaha shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Altamaha River drainage in northern central Georgia (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Cyprinella zanema
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Santee chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Cape Fear, Peede and upper upper Santee river drainages in North Carolina and South Carolina (Ref. 86798). Locally common, especially in the upper Piedmont streams of Santee drainage (Ref. 87698). Also Ref. 5723. | No picture yet. |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon arcuatus
|
Minckley & Miller, 2002 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Santa Cruz pupfish (English) | | 4.60 cm SL male/unsexed | | Restricted to the upper Santa Cruz basin in southern Arizona and Northern Sonora (Ref. 43452). Extirpated in the wild and unless an unknown remnant is cultured by a hobbyist, which is conceivable, this species is extinct (Ref. 43452).
Status of threat: possibly extinct. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon bovinus
|
Baird & Girard, 1853 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Leon Springs pupfish (English) | | 5.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from Leon Creek (in Pecos River system), Pecos County in Texas (Ref. 5723). Common in extremely small area (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon diabolis
|
Wales, 1930 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Devils Hole pupfish (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 3.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Devils Hole, Ash Meadows in Nye County, Nevada (Ref. 5723); restricted to the upper 30 m, a 3.5 x 22 m water-filled cavern (Ref. 127857). Population endangered due to lowering of water table (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon elegans
|
Baird & Girard, 1853 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Comanche Springs pupfish (English) | | 6.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Toyah Creek and the effluents (including irrigation canals) of San Solomon, Phantom Cave and Griffin springs in Reeves County in Texas; formerly found in Comanche Springs in Pecos County, Texas. Common in small areas but threatened due to removal of water for irrigation for agriculture. Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon eremus
|
Miller & Fuiman, 1987 | Fr, Thr
| native | Sonoyta pupfish (English), Quitobaquito pupfish (English) | | 4.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from Quitobaquito Springs and Río Sonoyta (Ref. 36520).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon eximius
|
Girard, 1859 | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Conchos pupfish (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Rio Grande drainage in Texas, from Devils River to mouth of Rio Conchos. Localized and uncommon (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon hubbsi
|
Carr, 1936 | Fr, Thr
| native | Lake Eustis minnow (English) | | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Lake Eustis and other headwater lakes of Oklawaha River in central Florida (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon macularius
|
Baird & Girard, 1853 | Fr, Thr
| native | Desert pupfish (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the lower Colorado River drainage, including Gila River system and south through southern Arizona and California, USA (including Salton Sea) (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon nevadensis
|
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Amargosa pupfish (English), Amargosa River pupfish (English), Ash Meadows pupfish (English), Shoshone pupfish (English), Tecopa pupfish (English), Warm Springs pupfish (English) | | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Amargosa River basin in Nevada and California, USA. Six subspecies were recognized: Cyprinodon nevadensis nevadensis, restricted to Saratoga Springs and adjoining lakes, Death Valley National Monument in California; Cyprinodon nevadensis amargosae, restricted to Amargosa River in California; Cyprinodon nevadensis calidae, now extinct, in outlets of North and South Tecopa Hot Springs in California; Cyprinodon nevadensis shoshone , in outlet of Shoshone Springs in California; Cyprinodon nevadensis mionectes, in large springs in lower Ash Meadows in Nevada; Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis, in small springs in hills around Devils Hole, upper Ash Meadows in Nevada (Ref. 86798). Introduced and established in ZZYZX Spring in California (Ref. 39686). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon pecosensis
|
Echelle & Echelle, 1978 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Pecos pupfish (English) | | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Pecos River system in Texas and New Mexico. Common but hybridizing with, and possibly being replaced by, introduced population of Cyprinodon variegatus (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon pisteri
|
Miller & Minckley, 2002 | Fr
| not established | | | 4.90 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.93 cm female | | Once occurred in artificial ponds near Colombus, Luna County, New Mexico (MSB 949:38 specimens collected in 1951), apparently introduced from Mexican sources for mosquito suppression, and now extant. It was also reported that the springs supporting the species in Mexico, immediately south of Pancho Villa State Park, Mexico dried in the 1940s (Ref. 43452). | No picture yet. |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon radiosus
|
Miller, 1948 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Owens pupfish (English) | | 4.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Owens Valley in southern California. Formerly common within small range, but now restricted to small area near Bishop in California. Protected as an endangered species (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon riverendi
|
(Poey, 1860) | Fr
| native | | | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis
|
Fowler, 1916 | Fr
| endemic | Red River pupfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced into Canadian River (Ref. 5723). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon salinus
|
Miller, 1943 | Fr, Br, Thr
| endemic | Cottonball Marsh pupfish (English), Salt Creek pupfish (English), Cottonball pupfish (English), Cottonball marsh pupfish (English) | | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Salt Creek, Death Valley in California. There are extreme population fluctuations in harsh environment, but typically abundant in small natural range (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139, 81264.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon tularosa
|
Miller & Echelle, 1975 | Fr, Br, Thr
| endemic | White sands pupfish (English) | | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Tularosa Valley in New Mexico. Abundant in small area (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27139.
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cyprinodontidae |
Cyprinodon variegatus
|
Lacepède, 1803 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Sheepshead minnow (English), Bahama sheepshead minnow (English), Sheephead minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality, South Carolina (Ref. 79012). Common; locally abundant. Introduced population in Pecos River, Texas is displacing native Pecos pupfish, Cyprinodon pecosensis (Ref. 5723, 86798). Florida, Georgia, Gulf Coast for the subspecies C. v. variegatus only. Also Ref. 27549, 93252. | |
Cyprinidae |
Cyprinus carpio
|
Linnaeus, 1758 | Fr, Br, Fi, Rstr, Lf, Sp
| introduced | Common carp (English), European carp (English), German carp (English), Koi (English), Leather carp (English), Mirror carp (English), Carp (English) | | 120 cm TL male/unsexed | | Have escaped fish-breeding ponds in the South more than 20 years ago and have steadily moved up the Mississippi and Illinois rivers. Chicago City council has passed an ordinance that prohibits selling of live species of Asian carp to the general public (Ref. 46969). Found in 2 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Chesapeake Bay: intoduced to the Chesapeake Bay region in 1877, common carp resident in all major tributaries of the bay, ranging donw into brackish water with salinities as high as 17.6% (Ref. 93252). Also Ref. 1739, 27549, 93252, 120328. | |
Mugilidae |
Dajaus monticola
|
(Bancroft, 1834) | Fr, Br
| native | Mountain mullet (English) | | 36.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs sporadically in streams of Florida, Louisiana and Texas. Rare in fresh water (Ref. 86798). | |
Danionidae |
Danio rerio
|
(Hamilton, 1822) | Fr, Or
| introduced | Leopard danio (English), Zebra danio (English), Rerio (English), Striped danio (English), Zebra (English), Zebrafish (English) | | 3.80 cm SL male/unsexed | | A popular aquarium fish, found in 50% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). | |
Catostomidae |
Deltistes luxatus
|
(Cope, 1879) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Lost river sucker (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 86.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Lost River system (upper Klamath River basin) in Oregon and California (Ref. 5723). Abundant remaining populations are found in Clear Lake Reservoir (Modoc County), California (DHewitt, pers.comm.).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Dionda argentosa
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| endemic | Manantial roundnose minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.60 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from Devils River and San Felipe Creek in Texas (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 52299. | |
Leuciscidae |
Dionda diaboli
|
Hubbs & Brown, 1957 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Devils River minnow (English) | | 6.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Devils River and nearby San Felipe, Sycamore and Las Moras Creeks, Val Verde and Kinney counties in Texas (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Baker’s Crossing on the Devils River, Val Verde County, Texas (Ref. 79012). Common in extremely small range. Protected as threatened species (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 81264.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,3,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Dionda episcopa
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| native | Roundnose minnow (English) | | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Rio Grande drainage above Devils River in Texas and New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Headwaters of the Pecos River and Camanche Spring (tributary to Rio Grande), Texas (Ref. 79012). Locally common in Texas, declining elsewhere, extirpated from Rio Grande (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Dionda nigrotaeniata
|
(Cope, 1880) | Fr
| endemic | Guadalupe roundnose minnow (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Colorado and San Antonio River drainages in Texas (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 52299. | |
Leuciscidae |
Dionda serena
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| endemic | Nueces roundnose minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Nueces River drainage in Texas (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 79012. | |
Eleotridae |
Dormitator latifrons
|
(Richardson, 1844) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Pacific fat sleeper (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 41.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;39.00 cm TL female | | | |
Eleotridae |
Dormitator maculatus
|
(Bloch, 1792) | Fr, Br
| native | Fat sleeper (English) | | 70.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type localities, mouth of Rio Grande del Norte (Rio Bravo), Texas, MCZ 35971 [ex USNM 641] (5), USNM 641 (33) (syntypes of Eleotris somnulentus); Savannah, Georgia, USNM (holotype of Eleotris somnulentus apparently lost) (Ref. 50190). | |
Dorosomatidae |
Dorosoma cepedianum
|
(Lesueur, 1818) | Fr, Br, M, Fi
| native | Gizzard shad (English), Eastern gizzard shad (English), Hickory shad (English), Mud shad (English), Nanny shad (English), Skipjack (English), Winter shad (English) | common (usually seen) | 57.00 cm FL male/unsexed | 22.85 | Known from Great lakes, Mississippi, Atlantic, and Gulf drainages from Vermont to central North Dakota, and south to southern Florida (Ref. 86798). Found in Chesapeake Bay, Delaware River estuary, Virginia, and New Jersey (Ref. 4639). Also Ref. 188, 10294, 27549, 93252. | |
Dorosomatidae |
Dorosoma petenense
|
(Günther, 1867) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Threadfin shad (English) | | 33.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 5.2 | Reported from the Gulf Coast from Florida to Texas and extends up the Mississippi River lowlands to Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, southern Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky, and south to Central America (Ref. 10294); also from Chesapeake and Delaware Canal (Ref. 4639). On the West coast, movements of fishes from the California introductions have resulted in reports as far north as Oregon (Ref. 39047) to San Diego Bay, southern California (Ref. 96339). Introduced into James and Rappahannock rivers of Virginia (Ref. 39048). Also Ref. 188. | |
Elassomatidae |
Elassoma alabamae
|
Mayden, 1993 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Spring pygmy sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | | | Found only in Moss Spring and (historically) adjacent springs in the middle Tennessee River drainage in Alabama (Ref. 51664). The population from which this species was first collected in 1937 from Cave Spring near Smithsonia, Lauderdale County is now extirpated. The same is true for another population that was discovered in the Pryor Springs system in 1914 (Ref. 58011). Known to be extinct until its rediscovery in 1973 along margins of a spring-fed lake within Beaverdam Swamp, Limestone County, and in several areas of the drainage including Moss Spring, Beaverdam Creek, and Lowes' Ditch (Ref. 58014). Type locality: Moss Spring run into Beaverdam creek, 1.4 mi. north of Greenbriar, Tennessee R. drainage, Limestone Co., Alabama (Ref. 51664).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Elassomatidae |
Elassoma boehlkei
|
Rohde & Arndt, 1987 | Fr, Pr, Or, Thr
| endemic | Carolina pygmy sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 3.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Waccamaw and Santee River drainages in North Carolina and South Carolina (Ref. 5723). Internationally recognized as nearly threatened (Ref. 58006).
Status of threat: 1). Santee River population: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5; 2). Waccamaw River population: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Elassomatidae |
Elassoma evergladei
|
Jordan, 1884 | Fr
| endemic | Everglades pygmy sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 3.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Cape Fear River drainage, North Carolina south throughout most of peninsular Florida, and west to lower Mobile Bay basin, Alabama (Ref. 51664). | |
Elassomatidae |
Elassoma gilberti
|
Snelson, Krabbenhoft & Quattro, 2009 | Fr
| native | | | 2.52 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Elassomatidae |
Elassoma okatie
|
Rohde & Arndt, 1987 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bluebarred pygmy sunfish (English) | | 3.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Edisto and Savannah River drainages in South Carolina (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: 1). Edisto River population: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5; 2). New and Savannah rivers populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Elassomatidae |
Elassoma okefenokee
|
Böhlke, 1956 | Fr
| endemic | Okefenokee pygmy sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 3.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Altamaha River drainage in Georgia to Choctawhatchee River drainage in Florida in the USA; south in Florida to Hillsborough River drainage, central Florida (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 51664. | |
Elassomatidae |
Elassoma zonatum
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| endemic | Banded pygmy sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 4.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Roanoke River , North Carolina to northern Florida and west to Brazos River, Texas; north in Former Mississippi Embayment to southern Illinois (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 51664. | |
Eleotridae |
Eleotris amblyopsis
|
(Cope, 1871) | Fr
| native | Largescaled spinycheek sleeper (English) | | 8.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Eleotridae |
Eleotris picta
|
Kner, 1863 | Fr, Br
| native | Spotted sleeper (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 44.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Eleotridae |
Eleotris pisonis
|
(Gmelin, 1789) | Fr, Br
| native | Spinycheek sleeper (English) | | 25.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 26938. | |
Eleotridae |
Eleotris sandwicensis
|
Vaillant & Sauvage, 1875 | Fr, Br
| native | | | 33.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Elopidae |
Elops saurus
|
Linnaeus, 1766 | Fr, Br, M, Sp
| native | Ladyfish (English), John (English), Skipjack (English), Tenpounder (English) | | 100.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Abundant in Florida, where it is often caught in mangrove areas and other inshore waterways, estuaries and bays, over both sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 9987). Also found in "large rivers" in Chesapeake Bay region; also Cape Charles and Lynnhaven Roads, Virginia (Ref. 4639). Also Ref. 27549, 93252. | |
Goodeidae |
Empetrichthys latos
|
Miller, 1948 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Pahrump killifish (English), Pahrump poolfish (English), Pahrump Ranch poolfish (English), Raycraft Ranch poolfish (English), Pahrump ranch poolfish (English), Raycraft ranch poolfish (English), Pahrump poolfish (English) | | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in three springs in Pahrump Valley in Nye County, Nevada where it was the only native fish. Now exists only outside Pahrump Valley, where it was transplanted to prevent its extinction (Ref. 86798) Once common but extraction of water for irrigation eliminated species from native habitats. Protected as an endangered species (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 27139.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Goodeidae |
Empetrichthys merriami
|
Gilbert, 1893 | Fr, Thr
| extirpated | Ash meadows killifish (English), Ash meadows poolfish (English) | | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Formerly found in Ash Meadows, Nevada (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 27139.
Status of threat: extinct. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Centrarchidae |
Enneacanthus chaetodon
|
(Baird, 1855) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Blackbanded sunfish (English) | | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Atlantic and Gulf Slope drainages from New Jersey to central Florida, west to Flint River in Georgia. Locally common but absent from some drainages within its range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Centrarchidae |
Enneacanthus gloriosus
|
(Holbrook, 1855) | Fr
| endemic | Bluespotted sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Centrarchidae |
Enneacanthus obesus
|
(Girard, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Banded sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Petromyzontidae |
Entosphenus folletti
|
Vladykov & Kott, 1976 | Fr
| native | Northern California brook lamprey (English), Modoc brook lamprey (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Klamath River Basin (Willow and Boles creeks, Fall Creek, and Lost River,
California) (Ref. 89241). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Entosphenus lethophagus
|
(Hubbs, 1971) | Fr, Thr
| native | Pit-Klamath brook lamprey (English) | common (usually seen) | 22.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Pacific mid-coastal, Pacific Central Valley, and Oregon Lakes ecoregions (Ref. 81264). Klamath River Basin in Oregon (Sprague River and Crooked Creek at the Klamath Fish Hatchery) and Pit River Basin in California
(Fall and Pit rivers and Crystal Lake Hatchery) (Ref. 89241).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Entosphenus minimus
|
(Bond & Kan, 1973) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Miller Lake lamprey (English) | | 14.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Endemic to the upper Klamath River Basin (Miller, Evening, Jack, and Long creeks, and upper reaches of the Williamson and Sycan rivers), Oregon (Ref. 89241). Formerly endemic to the Miller Lake, Klamath County in Oregon. Purposely exterminated from Miller Lake because of its predation on introduced trout (Ref. 5723). Thought to have been extinct; surveys conducted in 1997-1999 reconfirmed the species extinction in Miller Lake but led to the discovery of several subpopulations within and outside the Miller Lake sub-basin (Ref. 81231). Its status has improved since 1989 listing of endangered species (Ref. 81264).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,2,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Entosphenus similis
|
Vladykov & Kott, 1979 | Fr, Thr
| native | Klamath lamprey (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 27.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Pacific Mid-Coastal and Oregon Lakes ecoregions (Ref. 81264). Klamath River Basin in Oregon (Upper Klamath Lake) and California
(Klamath River) (Ref.89241).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Entosphenus tridentatus
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr, Br, M, Thr
| native | Pacific lamprey (English), Asum (Sahaptin), Ksuyas (Sahaptin) | common (usually seen) | 76.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Pacific Ocean Basin: Norton Sound, Alaska; Puget Sound and Snake River, Washington; Snake River, Idaho; Columbia, John Day, Sprague, Umatilla, Umpqua, Rogue, and Willamette rivers, and Clear, Cow, Milk, and Trout creeks, Oregon; Goose Lake, Oregon/California; San Francisco Bay, Merced,
Trinity, and Tuolumne rivers, Carr, Cottonwood, Coyote, Deer, Mill, Salt, Sespe, and Tracy creeks, California. The population in Clear Lake, California no longer exist. (Ref.89241). Common in Puget Sound, Washington, in 1895 (Ref. 28609). Dwarf, nonanadromous and nonparasitic populations landlocked in Oregon and northern California need further taxonomic study (Ref. 5723). The Goose Lake population is considered threatened and has declined since 1989 (Ref. 81264). Also Ref. 4925, 27547.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Eremichthys acros
|
Hubbs & Miller, 1948 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Desert dace (English) | | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in warm springs of Soldier Meadows, Lahontan basin, Humboldt County in Nevada (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989 listing. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Ericymba amplamala
|
(Pera & Armbruster, 2006) | Fr
| native | Longjaw minnow (English), Longjaw minnow (English) | | 7.19 cm SL male/unsexed | | This new species is described for the former southern populations of Notropis buccatus. It is known from Pearl River Drainage in Mississippi, east to the Apalachicola River Drainage in Florida and Georgia. On the Atlantic slope, found only in the Altamaha River Drainage. Type locality, Wacoochee Creek, County Road 379, 5 km NE Bleecker, Lee County, Alabama, AUM 39911 (holotype of Notropis amplamala, 6.42 cm SL) (Ref. 57709). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Erimystax cahni
|
(Hubbs & Crowe, 1956) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Slender chub (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 9.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Tennessee River drainage (Holston, Clinch and Powell Rivers) in Tennessee and Virginia (Ref. 86798). Found extremely rare in small range (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Erimystax dissimilis
|
(Kirtland, 1840) | Fr
| endemic | Streamline chub (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Ohio River basin from western New York to northern Indiana and south to northern Alabama, and Lake Erie in Ohio based on a single record (Ref. 86798). Uncommon and localized (Ref. 86798). Report in Ozark streams (Ref. 5723) may represent different species. Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Erimystax harryi
|
(Hubbs & Crowe, 1956) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Ozark chub (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from St. Francis and White river drainages in Missouri and Arkansas (Ref. 86798). Found in Ozark Highlands (Ref. 81264). Also Ref. 52299.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Erimystax insignis
|
(Hubbs & Crowe, 1956) | Fr
| endemic | Blotched chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages in Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Erimystax x-punctatus
|
(Hubbs & Crowe, 1956) | Fr
| native | Gravel chub (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Ohio River basin from New York and Pennsylvania to Wabash River in Illinois (absent south of Ohio River except 1 record in upper Green River, Kentuky); Mississippi River basin from southern Wisconsin and southern Minnesota south to northern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma; and Ouachita River drainage in Arkansas. Locally common but declining throughout most of the range (Ref. 86798). | |
Catostomidae |
Erimyzon claviformis
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Western creek chubsucker (English), Western creek chubsucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 23.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Lower Greak Lakes and Mississippi River basins from southern Michigan and southeastern Wisconsin (extirpated) south to Gulf; Gulf Slope drainages from Apalachicola River drainage in Georgia to San Jacinto River in Texas (Ref. 86798). | |
Catostomidae |
Erimyzon oblongus
|
(Mitchill, 1814) | Fr
| endemic | Creek chubsucker (English), Eastern creek chubsucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 37.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: New York (Ref. 79012). Occurrence in Chattahoochee River in Alabama was based on one record (Ref. 5723). | |
Catostomidae |
Erimyzon sucetta
|
(Lacepède, 1803) | Fr
| native | Lake chubsucker (English) | | 41.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: South Carolina (Ref. 79012). Common on lower Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723). | |
Catostomidae |
Erimyzon tenuis
|
(Agassiz, 1855) | Fr
| endemic | Sharpfin chubsucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 33.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Esocidae |
Esox americanus
|
Gmelin, 1789 | Fr, Br, Sp
| native | Grass pickerel (English), Redfin pickerel (English), Grass (English), Grass pickerel (English), Pickerel (English) | common (usually seen) | 39.40 cm FL male/unsexed | | Known from the Atlantic Slope drainages from St. Lawrence River drainage to southern Florida; Gulf Slope drainages east to Brazos River, Texas; Mississippi River and Great Lakes basins north to Nebraska, Wisconsin, Mississippi (Ref. 86798). Found in tidal tributaries in Chesapeake and Delaware Bay region, also in New Jersey (Ref. 4639). Transplanted elsewhere including into Washington, California and Colorado (Ref. 86798). Absent in uplands (Ref. 86798). An occasional gamefish (Ref. 52559). Also Ref. 5723, 10294, 93252, 27549. | |
Esocidae |
Esox lucius
|
Linnaeus, 1758 | Fr, Br, Fi
| native | Northern pike (English), American pike (English), Common pike (English), Great Lakes pike (English), Great northern pickerel (English), Jack (English), Jackfish (English), Pickerel (English), Snake (English), Wolf (English), Pike (English) | common (usually seen) | 137 cm FL male/unsexed ;150 cm TL female | 43.18 TL | Known from Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins from Maine to Montana and south to Pennsylvania and Nebraska (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 276, 3814, 1998, 5723, 10294, 43202. | |
Esocidae |
Esox masquinongy
|
Mitchill, 1824 | Fr, Pr, Sp
| native | Muskellunge (English), Allegheny River pike (English), Barred muskie (English), Great pike (English), Lunge (English), Mascalonge (English), Muskie (English), Ohio muskie (English), Tiger (English), White pickerel (English), White pike (English), Wisconsin muskie (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 183 cm TL male/unsexed | 67 | Recorded from Ohio River drainage (including Cumberland and Tennessee rivers), upper Mississippi River drainage, the Great Lakes, southern Hudson Bay tributaries, and some northern Atlantic Coastal drainages (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 276, 3814.
Status of Threat: Treated as endangered species by both the Wildlife Resources Agency and the Heritage Program (Ref. 10294). | |
Esocidae |
Esox niger
|
Lesueur, 1818 | Fr, Sp
| native | Chain pickerel (English), Pickerel (English) | | 99.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 15.6 | Found throughout the tidal tributaries of Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 38947, 39095, 93252, 27549), and Delaware River (Ref. 39097, 38548), also present in New Jersey (Ref. 39102). Introduced as far west as Washington State (Ref. 39104) and in the Appalachian Mountains (Ref. 39105). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma acuticeps
|
Bailey, 1959 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Sharphead darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Holston and Nolichucky River systems (Tennessee River drainage) in western Virginia, western North Carolina and eastern Tennessee. Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma akatulo
|
Layman & Mayden, 2009 | Fr
| native | Bluemask darter (English) | | 4.76 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.50 cm SL female | | Type locality, 1.6 air km SE Irving College, Collins River between mouths of Scott and Hillis creeks, Caney Fork River system, Warren Co., UAIC 10382.02 (holotype of Etheostoma akatulo, 4.55 cm SL, breeding male). Known from 5 small rivers and large creeks of the upper Caney Fork River system, Tennessee, including Collins River, Rocky River, Calfkiller River, Cane Creek, and upper Caney Fork River; all five streams originate on the Cumberland Plateau physiographic province and flow through the eastern Highland Rim physiographic province into Great Falls Reservoir, which was filled in 1916. Reported to be most abundant and widely distributed in Collins River, occurs in a 37-km reach between Shellsford, Warren Co., and Tennessee Highway 56, 1.2 km east of Mt. Olive, Grundy Co. (Ref. 80494).
Status of threat: Federally endangered.
Existing and potential threats identified include habitat destruction from gravel dredging, which has already eliminated habitat once occupied by the species in Collins River; pesticides in runoff or groundwater from plant nurseries; siltation from gravel mining, agricultural runoff, or land-disturbing activities; and, acid mine drainage from headwater streams (e.g. in Calfkiller River, water quality degradation, siltation, and low-head mainchannel impoundments may have contributed to decline of the population. At Collins River, Tennessee Highway 56, 1.6 km south of Tarlton, Grundy Co., gravel dredging has extensively altered presence of sand and gravel substrates that once existed there (Ref. 80494). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma artesiae
|
(Hay, 1881) | Fr
| native | Redspot darter (English), Redspot darter (English) | | 8.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Type locality, Small branch of Catawba R. at Artesia, Lowndes Co., Mississippi (Ref. 52026). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma asprigene
|
(Forbes, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Mud darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 7.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma atripinne
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| endemic | Cumberland snubnose darter (English) | | 6.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma autumnale
|
Mayden, 2010 | Fr
| native | | | | | Known only from the White River system in Missouri and Arkansas (Ref. 86267). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma baileyi
|
Page & Burr, 1982 | Fr
| endemic | Emerald darter (English) | | 5.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded below Cumberland Falls in Rockcastle and Big South Fork systems (Ref. 10294). Locally common (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma barbouri
|
Kuehne & Small, 1971 | Fr
| endemic | Teardrop darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma barrenense
|
Burr & Page, 1982 | Fr
| endemic | Splendid darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma basilare
|
Page, Hardman & Near, 2003 | Fr
| native | Corrugated darter (English), Corrugated darter (English) | | 5.46 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma bellator
|
Suttkus & Bailey, 1993 | Fr, Thr
| native | Warrior darter (English) | | | | Known from the Mobile Bay ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Murphy Creek along U.S. hwy 31, 2.0 mi. southwest of Blount Springs, Blount Co., Alabama (Ref. 50838).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma bellum
|
Zorach, 1968 | Fr
| endemic | Orangefin darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma bison
|
Ceas & Page, 1997 | Fr
| native | Buffalo darter (English), Buffalo darter (English) | | | | Occurs in tributaries of the lower Duck and lower Tennessee Rivers (Ref. 27671). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma blennioides
|
Rafinesque, 1819 | Fr
| native | Greenside darter (English) | | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common to abundant; along Atlantic, common only in Potomac River (Ref. 5723). Collected from West Fork Pond River (Green River-Ohio River), Christian County, Kentucky (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma blennius
|
Gilbert & Swain, 1887 | Fr
| endemic | Blenny darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma boschungi
|
Wall & Williams, 1974 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Slackwater darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the middle Tennessee River drainage in southern central Tennessee and northern Alabama. Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma brevirostrum
|
Suttkus & Etnier, 1991 | Fr, Thr
| native | Holiday darter (English), Holiday darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 5.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Uncommon throughout upper Coosa River system; sporadic occurrence in the Conasauga to the mouth of the Jacks River. Apparently more abundant in high elevated streams in the Ellijay River system in north Georgia. Currently not protected in Tennessee, but listed as vulnerable in Georgia and Alabama. A likely candidate for future consideration for Federal protected status because of its restricted range in small areas of the 3 states (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: 1). Amicalola Creek, Conasauga River, Coosawattee River, and Etowah River mainstream population: endangered. Criteria: 1,5; 2). Shoal Creek population: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma brevispinum
|
(Coker, 1926) | Fr
| native | Carolina fantail darter (English) | | 6.28 cm SL male/unsexed ;6.06 cm SL female | | Known from Santee and Savannah River drainages and Yadkin River system (downstream to and including the South Yadkin River and Bear Creek) of the Pee Dee River drainage in North Carolina, northern South Carolina and southern Virgina (Ref. 87049). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma burri
|
Ceas & Page, 1997 | Fr
| endemic | Brook darter (English), Brook darter (English) | | | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma caeruleum
|
Storer, 1845 | Fr
| native | Rainbow darter (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma camurum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| endemic | Bluebreast darter (English) | | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common, but absent from several rivers within range (Ref. 5723). Collected from Middle Fork of the Vermilion River (Wabash River-Ohio River), Vermilion County, Illinois (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma cervus
|
Powers & Mayden, 2003 | Fr, Thr
| native | Chickasaw darter (English) | | 5.24 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Forked Deer River system in western Tennessee (Ref. 52025).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma chermocki
|
Boschung, Mayden & Tomelleri, 1992 | Fr, Thr
| native | Vermilion darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Turkey Creek, trib. To Locus Fork of Black Warrior R. drainage, Jefferson Co., Alabama, elev. 600 ft (Ref. 50838).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma chienense
|
Page & Ceas, 1992 | Fr, Thr
| native | Relict darter (English), Relict darter (English) | | 7.14 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in the Mississippi embayment ecoregions (Ref. 81264). Museum: Jackson Creek, 2.6 km NE Water Valley on Roy Lawrence Drive, Graves County, Kentucky (holotype of Etheostoma chienense, 5.78 cm SL, breeding male) (Ref. 33021).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma chlorobranchium
|
Zorach, 1972 | Fr
| endemic | Greenfin darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma chlorosomum
|
(Hay, 1881) | Fr
| endemic | Bluntnose darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Gulf Coastal Plain (Ref. 10294). Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma chuckwachatte
|
Mayden & Wood, 1993 | Fr, Thr
| native | Lipstick darter (English) | | | | Known from the Mobile Bay ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Hillabee Creek at Alabama hwy 22, 11.7 km northeast of Alexander City, Tallapoosa Co., Alabama (Ref. 50838).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma cinereum
|
Storer, 1845 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Ashy darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages in Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama. Rare over most of its range, but fairly common locally in a few streams (Ref. 5723). Collected from Rockcastle River (Cumberland River), Rockcastle County, Kentucky (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: 1). Duck River population: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5; 2). Lower Tennessee River populations: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5; 3). Upper Cumberland River populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5; 4). Upper Tennessee River populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma clinton
|
Mayden & Layman, 2012 | Fr
| native | Beaded darter (English) | | 3.46 cm SL male/unsexed ;3.41 cm SL female | | Type locality, Arkansas, Clark County, Caddo River at AR Hwy 182, 3.2 km N Amity, UAIC 10302.09 (holotype of Etheostoma clinton, breeding male, 3.37 cm SL). Known only from the upper Caddo (upstream of DeGray Reservoir) and upper Ouachita rivers upstream of the Fall Line in the Ouachita Mountains province of Arkansas. In the Ouachita River it occurs upstream of Lake Ouachita in the upper Ouachita and South Fork Ouachita rivers. It may also occur in tributaries of lakes Hamilton and Catherine, which are situated above the Fall Line (Ref. 92294). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma collettei
|
Birdsong & Knapp, 1969 | Fr
| endemic | Creole darter (English) | | 7.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Abundant in Ouachita; less common elsewhere (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma collis
|
(Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Carolina darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the Atlantic Piedmont from Roanoke River drainage of Virginia to Santee River drainage of South Carolina (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma colorosum
|
Suttkus & Bailey, 1993 | Fr
| native | Coastal darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Pine Barren Creek, trib. to Escambia R. at Still Road, Escambia Co., Florida (Ref. 50838). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma coosae
|
(Fowler, 1945) | Fr
| endemic | Coosa darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma corona
|
Page & Ceas, 1992 | Fr, Thr
| native | Crown darter (English), Crown darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Tennessee ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Found only in the Cypress Creek system of northern Alabama and Wayne County, Tennessee (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma cragini
|
Gilbert, 1885 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Arkansas darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Arkansas River drainage in southwestern Missouri, northwestern Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma and Colorado (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma crossopterum
|
Braasch & Mayden, 1985 | Fr
| endemic | Fringed darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma cyanoprosopum
|
Near & Kozal, 2017 | Fr
| native | Blueface darter (English) | | 4.87 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the upland streams on the Cumberland Plateau, restricted to small streams in the upper Bear Creek system (Tennessee River drainage) and the Hubbard Creek system (Mobile Basin) above Kinlock Falls in Franklin, Lawrence, and Winston counties, Alabama. Inundation of the Upper Bear Creek Reservoir, which was constructed in 1978, seems to have extirpated this species in the downstream portion of the upper Bear Creek system based on historical data. (Ref. 116751). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma davisoni
|
Hay, 1885 | Fr
| endemic | Choctawhatchee darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma denoncourti
|
Stauffer & van Snik, 1997 | Fr, Thr
| native | Golden darter (English) | | 2.86 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Tennessee River (Ref. 36590). Type locality: Copper Creek, 180-460 m above mouth on coute 627, 2 air km south of Clinchport, Virginia (Ref. 36590).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma derivativum
|
Page, Hardman & Near, 2003 | Fr
| native | Stone darter (English) | | 5.70 cm SL male/unsexed | | Occurs in Cumberland River drainage in southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee from the Red River system in Todd and Logan counties, Kentucky to West Fork Stones River in Tennessee (Ref. 52023). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma ditrema
|
Ramsey & Suttkus, 1965 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Coldwater darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 5.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Coosa River system in Georgia, Alabama and southeastern Tennessee. Highly localized (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1. Middle Coosa River population: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma douglasi
|
Wood & Mayden, 1993 | Fr
| native | Tuskaloossa darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Sipsey R. at Lawrence Co. Road 6, West Fork, Sipsey R. Recreational Site, Winston Co., Alabama (Ref. 50838). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma duryi
|
Henshall, 1889 | Fr
| endemic | Black darter (English), Blackside snubnose darter (English), Snubnose darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma edwini
|
(Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) | Fr
| endemic | Brown darter (English) | | 5.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in western half of range; uncommon and localized in eastern half (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma erythrozonum
|
Switzer & Wood, 2009 | Fr
| native | Meramec Saddled Darter (English) | | 7.10 cm SL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma etnieri
|
Bouchard, 1977 | Fr
| endemic | Cherry darter (English) | | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma etowahae
|
Wood & Mayden, 1993 | Fr, Thr
| native | Etowah darter (English), Etowah darter (English) | | | | Known from the Mobile Bay ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Etowah R. at Georgia hwy 52, 13.7 km north-northeast of Dawsonville, Lumpkin Co., Georgia (Ref. 50838). Also Ref. 52306.
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma euzonum
|
(Hubbs & Black, 1940) | Fr
| endemic | Arkansas saddled darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma exile
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr
| native | Iowa darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma flabellare
|
Rafinesque, 1819 | Fr
| native | Fantail darter (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Blackwater River (Roanoke River-Atlantic Ocean), Franklin County, Virginia (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma flavum
|
Etnier & Bailey, 1989 | Fr
| endemic | Saffron darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma fonticola
|
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1886) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Fountain darter (English) | | 4.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in San Marcos and Comal springs and their effluent rivers (Guadalupe River system) in southern central Texas. Common in San Marcos Spring but protected as an endangered species because of its restricted distribution; extirpated but reintroduced in Comal Spring and may be repopulating (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status sames as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma forbesi
|
Page & Ceas, 1992 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Barrens darter (English), Barrens darter (English) | | 7.44 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Cumberland ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Found in tributaries of Barren Fork Collins River (Caney Fork system), Cannon County, Tennessee; also possibly in the adjacent upper Duck River system. Museum: Duke Creek, 3.2 km SE Hollow Springs, Cannon County, Tennessee, INHS 58632 (holotype of Etheostoma forbesi, 7.39 cm SL, male); paratypes, UMMZ 217892, USNM 313756 (Ref. 33867).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma fragi
|
Distler, 1968 | Fr
| native | Strawberry darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Spring Creek, trib. of Big Creek, Sharp Co., Arkansas (Ref. 50838). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma fricksium
|
Hildebrand, 1923 | Fr
| endemic | Savannah darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma fusiforme
|
(Girard, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Swamp darter (English) | | 5.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Tranplanted into French Broad system in North Carolina. Common to abundant in coastal streams; uncommon on Embayment (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma gore
|
Layman & Mayden, 2012 | Fr
| native | Cumberland darter (English) | | 4.28 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.12 cm SL female | | Type locality, Tennessee, Cheatham County, Turnbull Creek, 0.8 km W Kingston Springs on co. rd. UAIC 10707.02 (holotype of Etheostoma gore, 4.03 cm SL, male). Known from the Cumberland River drainage below Cumberland Falls from Rockcastle River in Kentucky downstream to Red River in Kentucky and Tennessee. Apparently absent from Caney Fork River, a major southern tributary in Middle Tennessee, but specimens of E. stigmaeum reported (by Kirsch, 1893) from lower Caney Fork River (disposition unknown) probably represented this species rather than E. akatulo, which is endemic to the system above Great Falls (Ref. 92294). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma gracile
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr
| endemic | Slough darter (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Dismal Creek (Wabash River-Ohio River) , Fayette County, Illinois (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma grahami
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr, Thr
| native | Rio Grande darter (English) | | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the lower Rio Grande drainage in Texas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma gutselli
|
(Hildebrand, 1932) | Fr, Thr
| native | Tuckasegee darter (English) | | | | Known from the Tennessee ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Tuckaseegee R. at Ela, Swain Co., North Carolina (Ref. 54621).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma histrio
|
Jordan & Gilbert, 1887 | Fr
| endemic | Harlequin darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Widespread but generally uncommon. Isolated in Wabash River drainage of Illinois and Indiana, and Green River system in Kentucky (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma hopkinsi
|
(Fowler, 1945) | Fr
| endemic | Christmas darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma inscriptum
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Turquoise darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma jessiae
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Blueside darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma jimmycarter
|
Layman & Mayden, 2012 | Fr
| endemic | Bluegrass darter (English) | | 4.90 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.65 cm SL female | | Type locality, Kentucky, Allen County, Trammel Fork at Old State Rd., 1.6 km NNE Red Hill, UAIC 10708.01 (holotype of Etheostoma jimmycarter, breeding male, 4.71 cm SL). This species is endemic to the Green River drainage of Kentucky and Tennessee, occurring mainly in the Highland Rim physiographic province, and reported to be widely distributed in the upper Barren and upper Green rivers, and is also found in the upper Rough River, a tributary of lower Green River (Ref. 92294). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma jordani
|
Gilbert, 1891 | Fr
| endemic | Greenbreast darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma juliae
|
Meek, 1891 | Fr
| endemic | Yoke darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | 3.2 SL | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma kanawhae
|
(Raney, 1941) | Fr
| endemic | Kanawha darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma kantuckeense
|
Ceas & Page, 1997 | Fr
| endemic | Highland Rim Darter (English), Highland Rim Darter (English) | | 5.60 cm SL male/unsexed | | Paratypes: SIUC 25127, TU 177764, UAIC 11347.01, UMMZ231177, USNM 339904, and UT 91.4753 (Ref. 27671). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma kennicotti
|
(Putnam, 1863) | Fr
| endemic | Stripetail darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Fairly common but localized (Ref. 5723). Collected from Poor Fork Creek (Cumberland River), Letcher County, Kentucky (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma lachneri
|
Suttkus & Bailey, 1994 | Fr
| native | Tombigbee darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Wolf Creek, trib. to Little Souwilpa Creek at Alabama hwy 17, Choctaw Co., Alabama (Ref. 50838). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma lawrencei
|
Ceas & Burr, 2002 | Fr
| native | Headwater darter (English), Headwater darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.16 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.70 cm SL female | 3.75 SL | Known from three disjunct river systems in Kentucky and Tennessee: headwaters of Salt River system; upper Green River system including the Nolin and Mud River systems; and Cumberland River system from Wilburn Creek on the north and Dillard Creek on the south side of the Cumberland River, Smith County, Tennessee, upstream to near Cumberland Falls. Disjunct populations occur in Round Lick Creek, Wilson and Smith counties, Tennessee (southern tributary of the Cumberland River downstream of Caney Fork River); and Rock Springs Branch and Mine Lick Creek, two tributaries of the lower Caney Fork River, Putnam County, Tennessee (Ref. 47261). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma lemniscatum
|
Blanton, 2008 | Fr
| native | | | 5.38 cm SL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma lepidum
|
(Baird & Girard, 1853) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Greenthroat darter (English) | | 6.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Colorado, Guadalupe and Nueces River drainages in Texas; and in Pecos River system in New Mexico (Ref. 5723). Type locality: Rio Leona at Uvalde, Uvalde Co., Texas (Ref. 79012).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma longimanum
|
Jordan, 1888 | Fr
| endemic | Longfin darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma luteovinctum
|
Gilbert & Swain, 1887 | Fr
| endemic | Redband darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 6.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Fairly common in Duck River (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma lynceum
|
Hay, 1885 | Fr
| endemic | Brighteye darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma maculatum
|
Kirtland, 1840 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Spotted darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the Ohio River basin from western New York and Pennsylvania to northern Indiana, and south to West Virginia and Kentucky. Extremely localized (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma mariae
|
(Fowler, 1947) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Pinewoods darter (English) | | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the Little Peedee River system in North Carolina and South Carolina. Common within small range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma marmorpinnum
|
Blanton & Jenkins, 2008 | Fr
| native | | | 4.06 cm SL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma maydeni
|
Powers & Kuhajda, 2012 | Fr
| native | Redlips Darter (English) | | 7.97 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found only in the large tributaries of the Cumberland River below Cumberland Falls. The mainstem and large tributaries of the Big South Fork and Rockcastle rivers are home to the largest populations. The Buck Creek population was considered extirpated by Shepard & Burr (1984), but several specimens have been collected in recent years, suggesting the species has made a comeback in the stream. The Red and Stones river populations of the E. cinereum complex were considered extirpated by Shepard and Burr (1984) and despite sampling in these drainages for this and other projects by the authors and many other researchers, we have no evidence to contradict this assertion. The status of populations in the Obey and Roaring rivers was considered unknown by Shepard & Burr (1984) due to absence of the species from collections in these drainages since the early 1970s. Sampling in these rivers for this and other studies by the authors and other researchers has not yielded specimens, suggesting these populations are extirpated. However, given the recent rediscovery of E. cinereum in the Elk River after a 30-year absence, it is possible that these populations may persist in low numbers in what appears to be suitable habitat for the species (Ref. 89958). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma microperca
|
Jordan & Gilbert, 1888 | Fr
| native | Least darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 4.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Sometimes abundant in spring-fed streams (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma mihileze
|
Mayden, 2010 | Fr
| native | | | | | Known only from the Arkansas River system in Missouri, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Kansas (Ref. 86267). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma moorei
|
Raney & Suttkus, 1964 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Yellowcheek darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Little Red River system in northern central Arkansas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/). Turkey Fork population: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma nebra
|
Near & Thomas, 2015 | Fr
| native | | | 6.10 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Buck Creek system of the Cumberland River drainage in Kentucky (Ref. 113918). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma neopterum
|
Howell & Dingerkus, 1978 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Lollipop darter (English), Lollypop darter (English), Lollypop darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Tennessee River drainage: tributaries of Tennessee River in western Kentucky and western Tennessee upstream to near Duck River; lower Duck River system in Tennessee; Shoal Creek in southwestern Tennessee and northwestern Alabama; also from the Bayou du Chien (Mississippi River tributary), western Kentucky (Ref. 5723). Type locality, Little Butler Creek, Shoal Creek system, Wayne County, Tennessee. Relatively uncommon within its small range (Shoal Creek system of NW Alabama and south-central Tennessee) (Ref. 33867). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma nianguae
|
Gilbert & Meek, 1887 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Niangua darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Osage River drainage (Missouri River basin) in southern central Missouri (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma nigripinne
|
Braasch & Mayden, 1985 | Fr
| endemic | Blackfin darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma nigrum
|
Rafinesque, 1820 | Fr
| native | Johnny darter (English) | | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common to abundant. On Atlantic Slope in James, Roanoke, Tar and Neuse River drainages in Virginia and North Carolina; Gulf Slope in Mobile Bay drainage in Alabama and Mississippi. Introduced into Colorado River drainage, Colorado (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma nuchale
|
Howell & Caldwell, 1965 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Watercress darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 5.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the springs on Halls and Village creeks (Black Warrior River system) in Jefferson County in Alabama (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: 1). Glen and Thomas springs populations: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5. 2). Roebuck Spring and Halls Creek populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma obama
|
Mayden & Layman, 2012 | Fr
| endemic | Spangled darter (English) | | 4.83 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.29 cm SL female | | Type locality, Tennessee, Bedford County. Duck River below dam at TN Hwy 64/US Hwy 231 in Shelbyville, UAIC 10337.29 (holotype of Etheostoma obama, 4.27 cm SL, breeding male). Endemic to the Duck River (below Normandy Dam in the Nashville Basin and western Highland Rim downstream past the confluence of Buffalo River to the backwaters of Kentucky Lake) and Buffalo River (located wholly on the western Highland Rim, from upper reaches downstream to its mouth). It is distributed parapatrically with E. jessiae, which occurs in Tennessee River tributaries upstream, and in at least one tributary downstream (Whiteoak Creek) of Duck River (Ref. 92294). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma obeyense
|
Kirsch, 1892 | Fr
| endemic | Barcheek darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma occidentale
|
Powers & Mayden, 2007 | Fr
| native | | | | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma okaloosae
|
(Fowler, 1941) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Okaloosa darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 5.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs only in Choctawhatchee Bay drainage in Florida panhandle (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma olivaceum
|
Braasch & Page, 1979 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Sooty darter (English), Dirty darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the lower Caney Fork system and nearby tributaries of Cumberland River in central Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma olmstedi
|
Storer, 1842 | Fr
| native | Tessellated darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma oophylax
|
Ceas & Page, 1992 | Fr
| native | Guardian darter (English), Guardian darter (English) | | 7.38 cm SL male/unsexed | | Museum: Little Bacon Creek (tributary of Big Sandy River), 3.2 km NE of Clarksburg, Carroll Co., Tennessee, INHS 59110 (holotype of Etheostoma oophylax, 4.95 cm SL, breeding male); paratypes, INHS 61820, SIUC 18065, UMMZ 217891, USNM 313755, UT 91.3847 (Ref.33867). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma orientale
|
Powers & Mayden, 2007 | Fr
| native | | | | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma osburni
|
(Hubbs & Trautman, 1932) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Candy darter (English), Finescale saddled darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Kanawha River drainage above Kanawha Falls in West Virginia and Virginia (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma pallididorsum
|
Distler & Metcalf, 1962 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Paleback darter (English) | | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the Caddo River and Hallmans Creek (upper Ouachita River drainage) in southwestern Arkansas. Fairly common in small range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma parvipinne
|
Gilbert & Swain, 1887 | Fr
| endemic | Goldstripe darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma percnurum
|
Jenkins, 1994 | Fr, Thr
| native | Duskytail darter (English) | | | | Found in Cumberland and Tennessee ecoregions (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Copper Creek just below mouth of Obeys Creek, Scott Co., Virginia (Ref. 33021).
Status of threat: 1). Copper Creek population: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5; 2). Big South Fork, Citico Creek, and Little River populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma perlongum
|
(Hubbs & Raney, 1946) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Waccamaw darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the Lake Waccamaw, Columbus County in North Carolina. Moderately common (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma phytophilum
|
Bart & Taylor, 1999 | Fr, Thr
| native | Rush darter (English) | | | | Known from the Mobile Bay ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Spring run trib. to trib. to Turkey Creek along Alabama Hwy 79, Pinson, Jefferson Co., Alabama (Ref. 50838).
Status of threat: 1). Cove Spring and Sipsey Fork populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,5; 2). Turkey Creek population: endangered. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma planasaxatile
|
Powers & Mayden, 2007 | Fr
| native | | | | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma podostemone
|
Jordan & Jenkins, 1889 | Fr
| endemic | Riverweed darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma proeliare
|
(Hay, 1881) | Fr
| endemic | Cypress darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 4.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Primarily restricted to Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma pseudovulatum
|
Page & Ceas, 1992 | Fr, Thr
| native | Egg-mimic darter (English), Egg-mimic darter (English) | | 6.12 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Tennessee ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Museum: Mill Creek, 1.6 km south of Wrigley at Hwy 100 bridge, Hickman Co., Tennessee, INHS 58630; paratypes, INHS 62825, UT 91.2580, SIUC 18064, UAIC 9997.01, USNM 313757 (Ref. 33867).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma punctulatum
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Stippled darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma pyrrhogaster
|
Bailey & Etnier, 1988 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Firebelly darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Obion and Forked Deer River drainages (Mississippi River basin) in western Kentucky and western Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma radiosum
|
(Hubbs & Black, 1941) | Fr
| endemic | Orangebelly darter (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma rafinesquei
|
Burr & Page, 1982 | Fr
| endemic | Kentucky darter (English), Kentucky snubnose darter (English) | | 6.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma ramseyi
|
Suttkus & Bailey, 1994 | Fr
| native | Alabama darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Beaver Creek, trib. to Alabama R. at Wilcox Co., Alabama (Ref. 50838). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma raneyi
|
Suttkus & Bart, 1994 | Fr, Thr
| native | Yazoo darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Hurricane Creek, trib. to Tallahatchie R., Yazoo R. system, at Mississippi hwy 7, Lafayette Co., Mississippi (Ref. 50838).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5. Tallahatchie population: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma rubrum
|
Raney & Suttkus, 1966 | Fr, Pr
| endemic | Bayou darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 5.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma rufilineatum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Redline darter (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from Cumberland (below Big South Fork) and Tennessee River drainages in Virginia, Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat of Clarks Rver, Hiwassee River, and Toccoa River populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma rupestre
|
Gilbert & Swain, 1887 | Fr
| endemic | Rock darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma sagitta
|
(Jordan & Swain, 1883) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Arrow darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the upper Cumberland River drainages in Kentucky and Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Collected from Poor Fork Creek (Cumberland River), Letcher County, Kentucky (Ref. 41482). Generally uncommon and declining; many populations have been eliminated due to coal-mine pollution (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma saludae
|
(Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) | Fr
| endemic | Saluda darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 4.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | Retsricted to Saluda and Broad rivers, tibutaries of Congaree River, Santee drainage in South Carolina, on or above Fall Line. Found in small woodland streams of Piedmont with slow to moderate current and substrate of sand, gravel, and bedrock (Ref. 6466). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma scotti
|
Bauer, Etnier & Burkhead, 1995 | Fr, Thr
| native | Cherokee darter (English), Cherokee darter (English) | | | | Found in the Mobile Bay ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality, McCannless Creek, trib. To Shoal Creek, Waleska, Cherokee Co., Georgia (Ref. 50838).
Status of threat: 1). Lower and middle Etowah River populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,5; 2). Upper Etowah River popuation: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma sellare
|
(Radcliffe & Welsh, 1913) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Maryland darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the tributaries of lower Susquehanna River, Harford County in Maryland. Known with certainty to exist in only one riffle (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: possibly extinct. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma sequatchiense
|
Burr, 1979 | Fr, Thr
| native | Sequatchie darter (English) | | | | Known from the Tennessee ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality, Sequatchie R., 1.6 km southeast of Ninemile, Bledsoe Co., Tennessee, U.S.A., 35°39'N, 85°07'W (Ref. 50838).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma serrifer
|
(Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) | Fr
| endemic | Sawcheek darter (English) | | 6.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in northern half of range; uncommon in southern half (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma simoterum
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| endemic | Snubnose darter (English), Tennessee snubnose darter (English) | | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common in middle Cumberland drainage, absent in upper and lower drainage; common to abundant in most of Tennessee drainage, but rare in North Carolina and absent in western tributaries of Tennessee River in Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma sitikuense
|
Blanton, 2008 | Fr
| native | | | 5.02 cm SL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma smithi
|
Page & Braasch, 1976 | Fr
| endemic | Slabrock darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma spectabile
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Orangethroat darter (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Osage River, Missouri (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma spilotum
|
Gilbert, 1887 | Fr
| native | Cumberland plateau darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Kentucky River drainage in Kentucky (Ref. 86798). Population is declining due to coal-mine pollution (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma squamiceps
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| endemic | Spottail darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma stigmaeum
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| endemic | Speckled darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common; locally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma striatulum
|
Page & Braasch, 1977 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Striated darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 5.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Duck River system in central Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma susanae
|
(Jordan & Swain, 1883) | Fr, Thr
| native | Cumberland darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Cumberland R. near Pleasant View, trib. of Clear Fork, Whitley Co., Kentucky (Ref. 54621).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma swaini
|
(Jordan, 1884) | Fr
| endemic | Gulf darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma swannanoa
|
Jordan & Evermann, 1889 | Fr
| endemic | Swannanoa darter (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common locally, especially in French Broad and Little Pigeon River systems (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma tallapoosae
|
Suttkus & Etnier, 1991 | Fr
| native | Tallapoosa darter (English) | | | | Known from the Tallapoosa River system of Georgia and Alabama (Ref. 10294). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma tecumsehi
|
Ceas & Page, 1997 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Shawnee darter (English), Shawnee darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 5.40 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.60 cm female | | Known only from the Pond River system. Although common, it has one of the smallest ranges (approx. 450 sq. km.) known for darters. There has been a decline in population due to a tractor fuel spill and a construction of a series of small impoundments in the extreme headwater in the type locality. Since the degradation of the upper Pond River system is expected to continue, leading to the eventual endangerment of this species, it was recommended that this species be considered for federal listing as a threatened species (Ref. 27671).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma teddyroosevelt
|
Layman & Mayden, 2012 | Fr
| native | Highland darter (English) | | 4.34 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.15 cm SL female | | Type locality, Kansas, Cherokee County, Spring River at KS Hwy 96, UAIC 10460.21 (holotype of Etheostoma teddyroosevelt, breeding male, 4.07 cm SL). Known from Arkansas and upper White river drainages (upstream of Bull Shoals Dam) on the Ozark Plateau of Missouri, Arkansas, extreme southeastern Kansas, and northeastern Oklahoma. In the Arkansas River it is found mainly in northern tributary systems from the Neosho River system downstream to Illinois Bayou; also found in the Petit Jean and Fourche La Fave river systems, southern tributaries along the northern edge of the Ouachita Mountains (Ref. 92294). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma tennesseense
|
Powers & Mayden, 2007 | Fr
| native | | | | | | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma tetrazonum
|
(Hubbs & Black, 1940) | Fr
| endemic | Missouri saddled darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma thalassinum
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Seagreen darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma thompsoni
|
Suttkus, Bart & Etnier, 2012 | Fr
| native | Gumbo darter (English) | | 5.37 cm SL male/unsexed ;6.10 cm SL female | | Widespread in the lower middle sections of the Neches, Sabine, and Calcasieu rivers in southeastern Texas and southwestern Louisiana (Ref. 93431). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma tippecanoe
|
Jordan & Evermann, 1890 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Tippecanoe darter (English) | | 4.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Ohio River basin from western Pennsylvania to Indiana, and south to Tennessee River drainage in Virginia and Tennessee. Extremely localized; locally common (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma trisella
|
Bailey & Richards, 1963 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Trispot darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 5.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Coosa River system in Georgia, Alabama and southeastern Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma tuscumbia
|
Gilbert & Swain, 1887 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Tuscumbia darter (English) | | 6.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs only in springs along Tennessee River in Alabama. Formerly found in southern central Tennessee; common in a few springs (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma uniporum
|
Distler, 1968 | Fr
| native | Current darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Pigeon Creek, headwater trib. of Current R., Dent Co., Missouri (Ref. 50838). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma variatum
|
Kirtland, 1840 | Fr
| endemic | Variegate darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Sometimes abundant in clear streams (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma virgatum
|
(Jordan, 1880) | Fr
| endemic | Striped darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Etheostoma vitreum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| endemic | Glassy darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma vulneratum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Wounded darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the upper Tennessee River drainages in Virginia, North Carolina and eastern Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma wapiti
|
Etnier & Williams, 1989 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Boulder darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 8.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Elk River and Shoal Creek systems (in Tennessee River drainage) in southern Tennessee and northern Alabama. Rare in Elk River and possibly extirpated in Shoal Creek (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma whipplei
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr
| endemic | Redfin darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma zonale
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| endemic | Banded darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded above the Fall Line throughout the Ohio, Cumberland, Tennessee, and much of the Mississippi River drainages (Ref. 10294). Transplanted into Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania and headwaters of Savannah River in South Carolina. Locally abundant (Ref. 5723, 10294). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma zonifer
|
(Hubbs & Cannon, 1935) | Fr
| endemic | Backwater darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 4.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Localized and uncommon (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Etheostoma zonistium
|
Bailey & Etnier, 1988 | Fr
| endemic | Bandfin darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Gerreidae |
Eucinostomus argenteus
|
Baird & Girard, 1855 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Spotfin mojarra (English) | | 21.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 7251, 13442. | |
Gerreidae |
Eugerres plumieri
|
(Cuvier, 1830) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Striped mojarra (English), Patao (French), Mojarra (English) | | 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Museum: Charleston, South Carolina, SU 2735 (holotype of Gerres embryx) (Ref. 33568). Also Ref. 26340. | |
Leuciscidae |
Exoglossum laurae
|
(Hubbs, 1931) | Fr
| endemic | Tonguetied minnow (English), Eastern tonguetied minnow (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in 3 areas of the upper Ohio River basin: upper Allegheny River drainage in New York and Pennsylvania, and upper Genesee River (Lake Ontario drainage) in New York and Pennsylvania; upper New River drainage in West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina; and Great Miami and Little Miami River systems in Ohio. Fairly common, but less widespread and abundant than historically (Ref. 5723, 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Exoglossum maxillingua
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr
| native | Cutlip minnow (English), Cutlips minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Atlantic Slope from St. Lawrence River drainage New York to upper Roanoke River in North Carolina (absent in most of New England; present in Connecticut River, Vermont based on single record); Lake Ontario drainage in New York. Also found in the upper New River drainage in West Virginia and Virginia where may be based on introduction (Ref. 86798). Common in clear streams (Ref. 5723). | |
Amblyopsidae |
Forbesichthys agassizii
|
(Putnam, 1872) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Spring cavefish (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in central and western Kentucky (west to Tennessee River) to southern central Tennessee; west across southern Illinois to southeastern Missouri. Common in a few localities; uncommon to rare elsewhere (Ref 5723). Also Ref. 10294, 51651.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus albolineatus
|
Gilbert, 1891 | Fr, Thr
| extirpated | Whiteline topminnow (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Formerly found in Big Spring, Madison County in Alabama (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3814, 3881, 5723.
Status of threat: extinct. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus bifax
|
Cashner & Rogers, 1988 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Stippled studfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common. Museum: UMMZ 213930 (holotype of F. bifax, 8.87 cm SL) (Ref. 26858).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus blairae
|
Wiley & Hall, 1975 | Fr
| native | Western starhead topminnow (English) | | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus catenatus
|
(Storer, 1846) | Fr
| endemic | Northern studfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Upper Green, Cumberland, and Tennessee River drainages in Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama; west of Mississippi River in Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma and Arkansas. Transplanted into Licking River drainages in Kentucky (Ref 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus chrysotus
|
(Günther, 1866) | Fr
| endemic | Golden topminnow (English) | | 8.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Charleston, Charleston Co., South Carolina (Ref. 79012). Common in Florida; localized and uncommon elsewhere (Ref 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus cingulatus
|
Valenciennes, 1846 | Fr
| endemic | Banded topminnow (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus confluentus
|
Goode & Bean, 1879 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Marsh killifish (English), Killifish (English) | | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Reported from Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 27549, 93252). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus diaphanus
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr, Br
| native | Banded killifish (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref 5723); Reported from Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 27549, 93252). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus dispar
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Starhead topminnow (English), Northern starhead topminnow (English) | | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Lake Michigan and Mississippi River basins from southern Michigan and Wisconsin south to Ouachita River drainage Arkansas and Louisiana; locally common but decreasing due to draining of wetlands (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus escambiae
|
(Bollman, 1887) | Fr
| endemic | Russetfin topminnow (English), Eastern starhead topminnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus euryzonus
|
Suttkus & Cashner, 1981 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Broadstripe topminnow (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus grandis
|
Baird & Girard, 1853 | Fr, Br
| native | Gulf killifish (English) | | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Indianola, Texas (Ref. 79012). USA (South-East) (Ref. 27139). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus heteroclitus
|
(Linnaeus, 1766) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Mummichog (English), Killifish (English) | | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Virginia and Florida only for the subspecies F. h. heteroclitus (Ref. 27139); from the vicinity of Stamford, Connecticut to Mt. Desert Island, Maine, and in upper Chesapeake and Delaware bays for F. h. heteroclitus (Ref. 35624). Also Ref. 27549, 93252. | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus julisia
|
Williams & Etnier, 1982 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Barrens topminnow (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Caney Fork (Cumberland River drainage) and upper Duck River (Tennessee River drainage) systems in central Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus kansae
|
Garman, 1895 | Fr
| native | Northern plains killifish (English) | | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality, Kansas (Ref. 50838). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus lineolatus
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Lined topminnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus notatus
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr
| native | Blackstripe topminnow (English) | | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Cumberland and Little Rivers, Kentucky (Ref. 79012). Recorded from southern Great Lakes tributaries, Mississippi River basin, and other Gulf Coastal drainages (Ref. 10294). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus nottii
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Bayou topminnow (English), Southern starhead topminnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Gulf Coastal Plain from Mobile Bay drainage in Alabama to Lake Pontchartrain drainage in Louisiana (Ref. 3814). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus olivaceus
|
(Storer, 1845) | Fr
| endemic | Blackspotted topminnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common, except in Appalachian uplands (Ref 5723). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus rathbuni
|
Jordan & Meek, 1889 | Fr
| endemic | Speckled killifish (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Chiefly on Piedmont and upper Coastal Plain. Common but somewhat localized (Ref. 5723). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus rubrifrons
|
(Jordan, 1880) | Fr
| native | Redface topminnow (English) | | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Altamaha River drianage based on 1 record and Okefenokee Swamp in southeast Georgia to south Florida. An isolated population is found in Fenholloway River system in west Florida (Ref. 86798). Easily maintained and breeds freely in captivity (pers.comm. Paul V. Loiselle, 28/10/2014). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus saguanus
|
Rivas, 1948 | Fr
| native | | | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus sciadicus
|
Cope, 1865 | Fr
| endemic | Plains topminnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common but somewhat localized. | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus seminolis
|
Girard, 1859 | Fr
| endemic | Seminole killifish (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus stellifer
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| endemic | Southern studfish (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus waccamensis
|
Hubbs & Raney, 1946 | Fr, B, Thr
| endemic | Waccamaw killifish (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus xenicus
|
Jordan & Gilbert, 1882 | Fr, Br, Or
| native | Diamond killifish (English) | | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 2 SL | | |
Fundulidae |
Fundulus zebrinus
|
Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 | Fr, Br
| native | Plains killifish (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Rio Grande in New Mexico (Ref. 79012). Also present, and thought to be introduced, in upper Missouri River basin in South Dakota, Montana and Wyoming. Transplanted into upper Rio Grande in New Mexico, Colorado River drainage in Utah and Arizona. Also Ref. 27139. | |
Ariidae |
Galeichthys feliceps
|
Valenciennes, 1840 | Fr, Br, M
| questionable | | | 55.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Reported from the country in Ref. 4690 (Cape Cod). Outside distributional range, needs further confirmation (Ref. 85159). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia affinis
|
(Baird & Girard, 1853) | Fr, Br
| native | Western mosquitofish (English), Mosquito Fish (English), Mosquitofish (English) | common (usually seen) | 5.10 cm TL male/unsexed ;7.00 cm TL female | | Common; locally abundant. Known from Upper Banana river, Cape Canaveral, Florida (Ref. 38975). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia amistadensis
|
Peden, 1973 | Fr, Thr
| extirpated | Amistad gambusia (English) | | 3.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Formerly found in Goodenough Spring (Rio Grande drainage) in Texas (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: extinct. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia clarkhubbsi
|
Garrett & Edwards, 2003 | Fr, Thr
| native | San Felipe gambusia (English) | | 5.80 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the San Felipe Creek in Texas (Ref. 52090).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia gaigei
|
Hubbs, 1929 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Big Bend gambusia (English) | | 5.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Formerly found in Boquillas and Graham Ranch springs, Brewster County in Texas; now restricted to an artificial spring-fed pond in Big Bend National Park in Texas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia geiseri
|
Hubbs & Hubbs, 1957 | Fr
| endemic | Largespring gambusia (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 4.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Highly localized and uncommon (Ref. 5723). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia georgei
|
Hubbs & Peden, 1969 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | San Marcos gambusia (English) | | 4.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Formerly found in San Marcos Spring and River in Texas (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 3814.
Status of threat: possibly extinct; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia heterochir
|
Hubbs, 1957 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Clear Creek gambusia (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 5.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the headwater springs of Clear Creek of San Saba River system in Menard County, Texas. These headwater springs are now impounded (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia holbrooki
|
Girard, 1859 | Fr, Br
| native | Eastern mosquitofish (English) | | 4.70 cm TL male/unsexed ;8.00 cm TL female | | Reported from Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 27549, 93252). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia nobilis
|
(Baird & Girard, 1853) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Pecos gambusia (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 4.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Pecos River system in New Mexico and Texas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia rhizophorae
|
Rivas, 1969 | Fr, Br
| native | Mangrove gambusia (English) | | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia senilis
|
Girard, 1859 | Fr, Thr
| native | Blotched gambusia (English) | | 5.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Devils River, Rio Grande drainage in Texas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Poeciliidae |
Gambusia speciosa
|
Girard, 1859 | Fr, Thr
| native | Tex-Mex gambusia (English) | | 3.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;5.00 cm TL female | | Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Gasterosteidae |
Gasterosteus aculeatus
|
Linnaeus, 1758 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Threespine stickleback (English), Santa Ana stickleback (English), Unarmored threespine stickleback (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Reported from as far north as Kent Island (Ref. 27549). | |
Cichlidae |
Geophagus brasiliensis
|
(Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) | Fr
| introduced | Pearl eartheater (English) | | 28.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Geophagus surinamensis
|
(Bloch, 1791) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Redstriped eartheater (English), Mother-of-pearl eartheater (English), Opalescent eartheater (English) | | 14.80 cm SL male/unsexed | | Introduced into the United States through the aquarium fish trade industry, and reproducing successfully (Ref. 3814). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila atraria
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Utah chub (English) | | 56.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Snake River system above Shoshone Falls in Wyoming and Idaho; Lake Bonneville basin (including Great Salt Lake drainage and Sevier River system) in southeastern Idaho and Utah. Introduced into east Nevada, upper Missouri River basin in Montana, and Colorado River drainage in Wyoming and Utah. Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila coerulea
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Blue chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 41.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Klamath and Lost River systems in Oregon and California (Ref. 86798). Abundant in impoundments (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Gila coriacea
|
(Hubbs & Miller, 1948) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Moapa dace (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from warm springs of Muddy (Moapa) River in Clark County, southeastern Nevada. Common within an extremely restricted range (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Gila crassicauda
|
(Baird & Girard, 1854) | Fr
| extirpated | Thicktail chub (English) | | 25.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Formerly found in Sacramento-San Joaquin River, Clear Lake (Lake Co.), Pajaro River, Salinas River and San Franciso Bay drainages in Califormia (Ref. 86798).
Status of threat: extinct; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila cypha
|
Miller, 1946 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Humpback chub (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 38.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Colorado River drainage in Wyoming, Colorado, Utah and Arizona (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3814, 5723.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila ditaenia
|
Miller, 1945 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Sonora chub (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 25.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Sycamore (Bear) Canyon in Arizona. Uncommon in extremely small area (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila elegans
|
Baird & Girard, 1853 | Fr, Ex, Pr, Thr
| native | Bonytail (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 62.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Extremely rare (Ref. 86798). Extant only in Green River, Utah and perhaps in some large impoundments of the Colorado River (Ref. 5723). Several factors contributed to the decline of bonytail populations in the Colorado River. These include habitat alteration produced by reservoir construction and predation by introduced species (Ref. 41720). Little recruitment has been observed for over 30 years (Ref. 41720). Also Ref. 3814.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3, 4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila intermedia
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Gila chub (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 38.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Gila River system (Colorado River drainage) in New Mexico and Arizona (Ref. 86798).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989 listing. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila nigra
|
Cope, 1875 | Fr, Thr
| native | Headwater chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 38.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Gila River system (Colorado River drainage) in New Mexico and Arizona (Ref. 86798).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila nigrescens
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Chihuahua chub (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 24.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mimbres River in New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3814, 5723.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila orcuttii
|
(Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1890) | Fr, Thr
| native | Arroyo chub (English) | | 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Malibu and San Juan creeks, and Los Angeles, San Gabriel, San Luis Rey, Santa Ana, and Santa Margarita River drainages in California. Introduced north to Santa Ynez River and Mojave (Death Valley basin) River drainage in California. Extirpated from much of its native range, but commonly found in a few streams (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Gila pandora
|
(Cope, 1872) | Fr, Thr
| native | Rio Grande chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Rio Grande and Pecos River systems in Colorado and New Mexico; isolated populations in Davis Mountains (Pecos River system) in Texas. Introduced into headwaters of Canadian River (Red River drainage) in New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Sangre de Cristo Pass, Rio Grande Basin, New Mexico (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila purpurea
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Yaqui chub (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Rio Yaqui basin in southeast Arizona. Introduced to Leslie Creek (Whitewater Draw drainage), extreme southeast Arizona. Extremely rare and possibly extirpated (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila robusta
|
Baird & Girard, 1853 | Fr, Thr
| native | Roundtail chub (English), White river chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 43.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Colorado River drainage in Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico and Arizona (Ref. 86798). Four subspecies were previously recognized: G. r. jordani in Pluvial White River, Nevada; G. r. seminuda in Virgin River in Utah, Nevada and Arizona; G r. grahami in Gila River in New Mexico and Arizona; G. r. robusta in rest of of USA range (Ref. 5723). The population in White River , Nevada is protected as Gila robusta jordani, an endangered subspecies (Ref. 86798).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,3 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/). Gila robusta jordani: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Gila seminuda
|
Cope & Yarrow, 1875 | Fr, Thr
| native | Virgin chub (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 38.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Virgin River system (Colorado River drainage) in southwest Utah, south Nevada and northwest Arizona; Muddy River system (Moapa) in Nevada (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 52299.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Eleotridae |
Gobiomorus dormitor
|
Lacepède, 1800 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Bigmouth sleeper (English) | | 90.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Atlantic and Gulf coasts from southern Florida and southern Texas. Occurs in fresh waters in southern Florida and occasionally in lower Rio Grande, Texas (Ref. 86798). | |
Gobiidae |
Gobionellus oceanicus
|
(Pallas, 1770) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Highfin goby (English) | | 27.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Ranges from North Carolina to Florida (Ref. 7251). | |
Percidae |
Gymnocephalus cernua
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Ruffe (English) | | 25.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 1739. | |
Leuciscidae |
Hemitremia flammea
|
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1878) | Fr, Thr
| native | Flame chub (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the middle Cumberland (mostly Caney Fork) and Tennessee River drainages in Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama; Kelley Creek (Coosa River system) in Alabama (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the upper Coosa River system of the Mobile Basin (Ref. 10294). Uncommon; extirpated from many areas due to alterations of springs (Ref. 5723, 86798). Considered endangered in Tennessee because of its fragile habitat (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cichlidae |
Herichthys cyanoguttatus
|
Baird & Girard, 1854 | Fr
| native | Rio Grande cichlid (English), Rio Grande perch (English), Texas cichlid (English) | common (usually seen) | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | The only native cichlid in the country. Originally found only in the lower Rio Grande drainage, Texas (Ref. 36377). Also Ref. 7335. | |
Cichlidae |
Heros severus
|
Heckel, 1840 | Fr
| not established | Banded cichlid (English), Convict fish (English), Deacon (English), Sedate cichlid (English), Severum (English), Striped cichlid (English) | | 20.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Introduced into Nevada, USA (Ref. 4537), but now eradicated (Ref. 3814). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hesperoleucus symmetricus
|
(Baird & Girard, 1854) | Fr, Thr
| native | California roach (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Sacramento-San Joaquin, Russian, Pajaro-Salinas and smaller coastal drainages in California (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat of Lavinia symmetricus mitrulus: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Poeciliidae |
Heterandria formosa
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr, Br
| endemic | Least killifish (English), Midget Livebearer (English), Mosqu (English) | common (usually seen) | 3.60 cm TL male/unsexed | 1.1 SL | | |
Hiodontidae |
Hiodon alosoides
|
(Rafinesque, 1819) | Fr
| native | Goldeye (English) | | 52.00 cm FL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mississippi River basin and portions of Hudson Bay drainage (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 276, 1998. | |
Hiodontidae |
Hiodon tergisus
|
Lesueur, 1818 | Fr
| native | Mooneye (English) | | 47.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mississippi Basin, Mobile Basin, Great Lakes and Hudson Bay tributaries (Ref. 10294). | |
Erythrinidae |
Hoplias malabaricus
|
(Bloch, 1794) | Fr
| not established | Trahira (English), Haimara (English), Tararura (English), Tiger characin (English), Tigerfish (English) | | 65.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced into the United States and present until 1977 when a cold spell have eliminated the species (Ref. 1739). Populations in the USA have now been extirpated (Ref. 3814). | |
Callichthyidae |
Hoplosternum littorale
|
(Hancock, 1828) | Fr, Fi
| introduced | Brown hoplo (English) | | 26.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | A population was discovered in ditches of the Indian River lagoon system of Florida in late 1995 (Ref. 74657). Populations have been found in the St. Johns and Kissimmee River drainages (Ref. 95869). Collected from Tosohatchee
Wildlife Management Area (c. 28°29'56"N, 80°55'1"W), a protected area of the middle St. Johns River Basin spanning 12,424.25 hectares. Small-scale commercial fishery exists in peninsular Florida (Ref. 104645). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybognathus amarus
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Rio Grande silvery minnow (English), Rio Grande minnow (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Rio Grande drainage (including Pecos River) in Texas and New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Rare and extant only in Rio Grande, New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 6376.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybognathus argyritis
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Western silvery minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Missouri River basin from Montana to Missouri and Mississippi River from mouth of Missouri River to mouth of Ohio River (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybognathus hankinsoni
|
Hubbs, 1929 | Fr, B
| native | Brassy minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from St. Lawrence River and Lake Champlain drainages in Vermont; across Great Lakes, Hudson Bay and Missouri-upper Mississippi River basins of northern USA south to Missouri and Colorado (Ref. 86798). Usually seen in some areas (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybognathus hayi
|
Jordan, 1885 | Fr
| endemic | Cypress minnow (English) | | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Ohio and Mississippi River basins from southwestern Indiana and southern Illinois to Louisiana; and Gulf Slope drainages from Escambia River in Florida and Alabama, to Sabine River in Texas (Ref. 86798). Occurs mostly in Former Mississippi Embayment; rarely above Fall Line (e.g. Tennessee River in Alabama); and locally common but disappearing from northern part of range (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybognathus nuchalis
|
Agassiz, 1855 | Fr
| endemic | Mississippi silvery minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the lowland areas of Mississippi River basin from Ohio to Minnesota and south to Louisiana, USA; Gulf drainages from Mobile Bay in Alabama to Brazos River in Texas (Ref. 86798). Generally common but less along periphery of range; absent in Minnesota and eastern Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybognathus placitus
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Plains minnow (English) | | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Missouri, Arkansas, Red, Brazos, and Colorado River drainages from Montana and North Dakota south to New Mexico and Texas; Mississippi River from mouth of Missouri River to Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the western tributaries to the Mississippi River from the upper Missouri River south, and in the western Gulf of Mexico through the Colorado River drainage of Texas (Ref. 10294). Common but sometimes abundant in Great Plains. Introduced in Pecos River in New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybognathus regius
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| native | Eastern silvery minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 8.7 TL | Known from St. Lawrence River drainage to Altamaha River drainage in Georgia, and Lake Ontario drainage in New York (Ref. 86798). Abundant in all tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 27549). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybopsis amblops
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr
| native | Bigeye chub (English) | | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from southern Great Lakes basin and Mississippi basin from Illinois River through entire Ohio, Cumberland and Tennessee river drainages, but widely extirpated in Midwest (Ref. 10294). Also found west of Mississippi River from Central Arkansas River northeast to Meramec River, a tributary to the lower Missouri River (Ref. 10294). Common to abundant in southern part of range, but disappearing from much of north, especially in the agricultural areas. Ozarks of southern Missouri, northern Arkansas and northeastern Oklahoma (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybopsis amnis
|
(Hubbs & Greene, 1951) | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Pallid shiner (English) | | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Mississippi River and its large tributaries from Minnesota southward and west through the Guadalupe River drainage, Texas (Ref. 10294). Fairly common in southern half of range; rare in north. Often found in small rivers in eastern Texas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybopsis hypsinotus
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Highback chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybopsis lineapunctata
|
Clemmer & Suttkus, 1971 | Fr, Thr
| native | Lined chub (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Coosa and Tallapoosa portions of the upper Alabama River system in the Piedmont and Ridge and Valley (Ref. 10294). Considered an endangered species and treated as a species of secial concern in Tennessee (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybopsis rubrifrons
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| endemic | Rosyface chub (English) | | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Saluda, Savannah and Altamaha River drainages in South Carolina and Georgia (Ref. 5723). Type locality, South Fork of Ocmulgee R. at Flat Rock, DeKalb Co., Georgia, U.S.A. (Ref. 50838). | |
Leuciscidae |
Hybopsis winchelli
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr
| native | Clear chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Dasyatidae |
Hypanus sabinus
|
(Lesueur, 1824) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Atlantic stingray (English) | | 61.00 cm WD male/unsexed | 20 WD | Has been caught in Mississippi River (320 km - 200 miles upstream) and in St. Johns River in Florida, USA (Ref. 12951). Also Ref. 93252, 27549. | |
Catostomidae |
Hypentelium etowanum
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| endemic | Alabama hog sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 23.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Catostomidae |
Hypentelium nigricans
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr, Sp
| native | Northern hog sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 61.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | From Mohawk-Hudson River in New York to Altamaha River in northern Georgia; from Pascagoula River in Mississippi to Comite River in Louisiana. Reported from Mobile Bay drainage, Alabama and Chattahoochee River drainage, Georgia (Ref. 5723); in Ballard Creek outside of Sallisaw, Oklahoma (Charles Perez, pers. comm.). | |
Catostomidae |
Hypentelium roanokense
|
Raney & Lachner, 1947 | Fr
| endemic | Roanoke hog sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Osmeridae |
Hypomesus nipponensis
|
McAllister, 1963 | Fr, Br
| introduced | Wakasagi (English), Kunashir smelt (English) | | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Osmeridae |
Hypomesus transpacificus
|
McAllister, 1963 | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Delta smelt (English) | | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 5.5 FL | Known from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region in central California (Ref. 5723, 86798). Also Ref. 3814, 96339.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Xenocyprididae |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
|
(Valenciennes, 1844) | Fr, Fi, Sp
| introduced | Silver carp (English), Carp (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 120 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced in 1973 to improve water quality in aquaculture (Ref. 86798). Escaped into open waters in Arkansas in the 1990s where it may compete with Ictiobus bubalus. Has not established in the USA based on 1984 report (Ref. 6029). Occurs now in at least 16 states and has established in the middle and lower Mississippi River basin from Iowa, Illinois, Indiana and Kentucky to Louisiana (Ref. 86798). In 2002, a $7 million electric barrier to prevent their passing from the Illinois River to Lake Michigan was constructed. Recorded from the Mississippi River and other major rivers in Arkansas and Missouri and the lower Ohio River (Ref. 10294). The species has rendered sections of the Missouri river nearly impassable (Ref. 48005). Feeds on phytoplankton. Jumps into boats with outboard motors, sometimes causing serious injuries to humans (Ref. 86798). | |
Xenocyprididae |
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis
|
(Richardson, 1845) | Fr, Fi, Aq, Lf, Sp
| introduced | Bighead carp (English) | common (usually seen) | 146 cm SL male/unsexed | | Introduced into Arkansas in 1972 to improve water quality in aquaculture facilities. Has established in Missouri, Mississippi, and Ohio river basins from central Kentucky to South Dakota and south to Louisiana (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the Arkansas rivers, and Mississippi River in Missouri (Ref. 10294). Has established in aquaculture through assisted/artificial reproduction. Has not established in the wild (Ref. 1739). Found in open water of large rivers, backwaters, floodplain lakes, reservoirs and ponds. Young sometimes occurs in small creeks (Ref. 86798). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 4 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 12589. | |
Hemiramphidae |
Hyporhamphus meeki
|
Banford & Collette, 1993 | Fr, Br, M
| native | False silverstripe halfbeak (English), American halfbeak (English) | | 20.90 cm SL male/unsexed | | Ranges from Massachusetts to Florida and throughout the Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 27549). Seasonally in the lower Chesapeake Bay during summer and autumn, extending as far north as the Patuxent River (Ref. 27549). Also Ref. 27549, 93252. Type locality, Morehead City, North Carolina, USA (Ref. 26282).
Occurrence in Chesapeake Bay: common summer and autumn visitor extending as far north as the Chester River (Ref. 93252). | |
Loricariidae |
Hypostomus plecostomus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| introduced | Suckermouth catfish (English), Spotted pleco (English) | | 24.98 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Embiotocidae |
Hysterocarpus traskii
|
Gibbons, 1854 | Fr, Br
| endemic | Russian River tule perch (English), Tule perch (English), Russian river tule perch (English), Sacramento tuleperch (English) | | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Clear Lake; Russian, Sacramento-San Joaquin, and Pajaro-Salinas River drainages in California (Ref. 86798). Usually seen in the north; severely decimated in Pajaro-Salinas and San Joaquin River drainages (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Petromyzontidae |
Ichthyomyzon bdellium
|
(Jordan, 1885) | Fr, Br
| native | Ohio lamprey (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 30.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;30.50 cm TL female | | Recorded from Ohio River basin, including the Cumberland and Tennessee drainages (Ref. 10294). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Ichthyomyzon castaneus
|
Girard, 1858 | Fr, Br
| native | Chestnut lamprey (English) | common (usually seen) | 38.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Great Lakes, Mississippi River basins (from Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota to Louisiana; from Tennessee to Kansas and Oklahoma); Red River (South Dakota, Minnesota); coast drainages from Mobile Bay, Georgia and Alabama to Sabine Lake (Ref. 1998); Hudson Bay (Ref. 10294). Type locality: Galena, Minnesota (Ref. 1998). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Ichthyomyzon fossor
|
Reighard & Cummins, 1916 | Fr
| native | Northern brook lamprey (English) | | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Lake Superior Basin, Michigan and Wisconsin; Lake Michigan Basin, Indiana,
Michigan, and Wisconsin; Lake Huron Basin, Michigan (Devils and Pine rivers); Lake Erie Basin, Michigan, New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania; Mississippi River Basin, Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin (Ref.89241). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Ichthyomyzon gagei
|
Hubbs & Trautman, 1937 | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Southern brook lamprey (English) | | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Mississippi River basins of southern Missouri, eastern Oklahoma, Arizona and Louisiana; Tennessee River drainage from Kentucky and Alabama (Ref. 276). Also Ref. 10294. Specifically, Missouri River Basin, Missouri; Lower Mississippi River Basin, Mississippi; Arkansas-Red-White River Basin, Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri; Tennessee-Cumberland River Basin, Alabama, Kentucky [presumed extirpated according to the Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission (2004)], and Tennessee; Eastern Gulf of Mexico drainage, Alabama (Choctafaula Creek), Georgia, Florida, and Mississippi; Western Gulf of Mexico drainage, Louisiana and Texas (Ref. 89241).
Status of threat: Endangered, and is treated as a Species of Special Concern in Tennessee (Ref. 10294). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Ichthyomyzon greeleyi
|
Hubbs & Trautman, 1937 | Fr
| native | Mountain brook lamprey (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the upper Ohio River drainage of Pennsylvania, and southern tributaries to the Ohio River south through the Tennessee River (Ref. 10294). Also, Ohio River Basin, Kentucky, French and Little Neshannock creeks (Pennsylvania), New York, and West Virginia; Tennessee-Cumberland River Basin, Alabama, Georgia (Nottely River), Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia (Ref. 89241).
) | |
Petromyzontidae |
Ichthyomyzon unicuspis
|
Hubbs & Trautman, 1937 | Fr, Thr
| native | Silver lamprey (English) | common (usually seen) | 39.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Reported from the upper half of the Mississippi River basin, the Great Lakes and Hudson Bay basins, and a probable reproducing population from an Ohio River tributary in Kentucky (Ref. 10294). Specifically, Hudson Bay Basin, Minnesota; Lake Superior Basin, Michigan, and Wisconsin; Lake Michigan Basin, Illinois, Michigan (Carp Lake River), and Wisconsin; Lake Huron Basin, Michigan (Devils, East Au Gres, Pine, and Rifle rivers); Detroit and St. Clair rivers, Michigan; Lake Erie Basin, Michigan, New York, and Ohio (Swan
Creek); Lake Ontario Basin, New York; St. Lawrence River Basin, New York, and Vermont; Ohio River Basin, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia; Missouri River Basin, Missouri, Nebraska, and South Dakota; Upper Mississippi River Basin, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Wisconsin; Tennessee-Cumberland River Basin, Tennessee; Lower Mississippi River Basin, Mississippi (Ref. 89241). Also Ref. 86798.
Status of threat: Endangered, and is treated as a Species of Special Concern in Tennessee (Ref. 10294). | |
Ictaluridae |
Ictalurus furcatus
|
(Valenciennes, 1840) | Fr, Fi, Sp
| native | Blue catfish (English), Catfish (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 165 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mississippi River basin from western Pennsylvania to southern South Dakota and Platte River in southwestern Nebraska, south to Gulf; Gulf Slope from Escambia River drainage (where introduced), Alabama and Florida, to Rio Grande drainage in Texas and New Mexico. Introduced in Atlantic Slope drainages, western states, and Minnesota (Ref. 86798). Found in Chesapeake Bay where it is occasionally encountered in tributaries but is principally an inhabitant of the main channels and backwaters of medium-sized to large rivers (Ref. 27549). Also Ref. 10294, 87780, 93252, 117513. | |
Ictaluridae |
Ictalurus lupus
|
(Girard, 1858) | Fr, Thr
| native | Headwater catfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 48.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;32.80 cm TL female | | Type locality: Rio Pecos, Texas (Ref. 79012). Locally common (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Ictalurus pricei
|
(Rutter, 1896) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Yaqui catfish (English), Catfish (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 57.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Ictalurus punctatus
|
(Rafinesque, 1818) | Fr, Fi, Aq, Lf, Sp
| native | Channel catfish (English), Graceful catfish (English), Catfish (English) | | 132 cm TL male/unsexed | 30.48 | Known from St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay (Red River drainage), and Missouri-Mississippi river basins from New Hampshire south to Gulf. Possibly native on Atlantic and Gulf slopes from Susquehanna River to Neuse River, and from Savannah River to Lake Okeechobee, Florida, and west to eastern New Mexico. Introduced throughout most of US (Ref. 86798). Recorded from some Atlantic slope drainages of northern and southern United States; widely introduced (Ref. 10294). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 3 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also reported from Gulf of Mexico drainages (Ref. 93252). Also Ref. 6447. | |
Catostomidae |
Ictiobus bubalus
|
(Rafinesque, 1818) | Fr, Sp
| native | Smallmouth buffalo (English), Buffalofish (English) | common (usually seen) | 112 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced in Arizona impoundments (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Catostomidae |
Ictiobus cyprinellus
|
(Valenciennes, 1844) | Fr, Fi, Sp
| native | Bigmouth buffalo (English), Buffalofish (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 123 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced in lakes and impoundments in Arizona and California (Ref. 5723). | |
Catostomidae |
Ictiobus niger
|
(Rafinesque, 1819) | Fr, Sp
| native | Black buffalo (English), Buffalofish (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 123 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Iotichthys phlegethontis
|
(Cope, 1874) | Fr, Thr
| native | Least chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Bonneville basin in northern Utah (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cyprinodontidae |
Jordanella floridae
|
Goode & Bean, 1879 | Fr, Br, Or
| endemic | Flagfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Mugilidae |
Joturus pichardi
|
Poey, 1860 | Fr, Br
| questionable | Bobo mullet (English), Hog mullet (English), Bobo mullet (English) | | 61.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Outside distributional range, occurrence needs further confirmation. | |
Rivulidae |
Kryptolebias marmoratus
|
(Poey, 1880) | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Mangrove rivulus (English), Matanzas rivulus (English), Rivulus (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | 17 TL | Also Ref. 7251, 52299.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Atherinopsidae |
Labidesthes sicculus
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr
| native | Brook silverside (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from St. Lawrence drainage and southern Great Lakes tributaries, Mississippi River basin, and Atlantic and Gulf drainages (Ref. 10294). Locally abundant (Ref 5723). | |
Atherinopsidae |
Labidesthes vanhyningi
|
Bean & Reid, 1930 | Fr
| native | Golden silverside (English) | | 6.42 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the drainages of the Gulf of Mexico (from the Neches River, including the Lower Mississippi River) and east around the southern tip of peninsular Florida and north to the Pee Dee River drainage (Ref. 104856). | |
Sparidae |
Lagodon rhomboides
|
(Linnaeus, 1766) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Pinfish (English), Bream (English), Red porgy (English), Sailor's choice (English), Chopa espina (Spanish), Sargo (Spanish), Porgy (English) | | 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 13.2 SL | Present inshore south of Cape Hatteras (Ref. 37512). Also Ref. 3815, 26340. | |
Petromyzontidae |
Lampetra aepyptera
|
(Abbott, 1860) | Fr
| native | Least brook lamprey (English) | common (usually seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the uplands of the Ohio River basin, Ozark systems, some middle Atlantic Coast drainages and both above and below fall line in Mobile Basin (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 276. Delaware (Cheasapeake Bay Basin), Maryland (Chesapeake Bay Basin, North, Patuxent, and Potomac river basins, Lake Chambers), Virginia (Rappahannock River Basin), North Carolina (Neuse River Basin), Kentucky, Ohio (Ohio River Basin), Tennessee (Tennessee River Basin), Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi (Tombigbee and Pascagoula river basins) (Ref.89241). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Lampetra ayresii
|
(Günther, 1870) | Fr, Br, M, Thr
| native | River lamprey (English), Western river lamprey (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 28.10 cm TL male/unsexed ;31.10 cm TL female | | Ranges south to the Sacramento River (Ref. 1998) and San Fransisco Bay, central California (Ref. 27436, 96339, 43939). Not rare in Puget Sound, Washington, in 1895 (Ref. 28609). ): Pacific Ocean Basin: Duwamish River estuary, Puyallup River, Lake Washington, and Lake Sammamish (Washington); Yaquina Bay and Columbia River (Oregon); Mill Creek, Sacramento, Middle, and San Joaquin rivers, and San Pablo and San Francisco bays (California) (Ref.89241).
Also Ref. 276, 4925, 6885, 10016.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Lampetra hubbsi
|
(Vladykov & Kott, 1976) | Fr, Thr
| native | Kern brook lamprey (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 14.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the east side of San Joaquin Valley in lower Merced, Kaweah, Kings, and San Joaquin rivers in California (Ref. 86798). Collected from San Joaquin River Basin in Merced River and Friant-Kern Canal, the latter connects Kern River to the San Joaquin River, California (Ref. 89241). Known from the Pacific Central Valley (Ref. 81264).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,2,45 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Lampetra pacifica
|
Vladykov, 1973 | Fr
| endemic | Pacific brook lamprey (English) | | 17.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Restricted to Columbia River Basin: Clackamas and Willamette rivers and Crystal Springs Creek, Oregon and Sacramento River Basin: Friant-Kern Canal (artificially linked to the Sacramento River Basin), San Joaquin River, and Mill, Big Chico, and Putah creeks, California. | |
Petromyzontidae |
Lampetra richardsoni
|
Vladykov & Follett, 1965 | Fr, B
| native | Western brook lamprey (English), Pacific brook lamprey (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 17.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Washington Creek, North Creek, Evans Creek, Matthews Creek, Clover Creek, Yakima River, Chehalis River, Steel Lake and Ames Lake, Washington and creek tributary to Umpqua River, Oregon (Ref. 89241). Large ammocoetes and newly transformed lampreys were once used as bait for bass and trout in Washington (Ref. 1998). Also Ref. 10022, 276, 3814, 27547, 43939. | |
Leuciscidae |
Lavinia exilicauda
|
Baird & Girard, 1854 | Fr, Thr
| native | Hitch (English) | common (usually seen) | 36.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Sacramento-San Joaquin, Clear Lake, Russian River, and Pajaro-Salinas river drainages in California (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 276, 5723, 3814.
Status of threat of Lavinia exilicauda chi: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Lepidomeda albivallis
|
Miller & Hubbs, 1960 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | White River spinedace (English) | | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper White River system in Nevada (Ref. 86798). Highly localized in small area (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Lepidomeda aliciae
|
(Jouy, 1881) | Fr
| native | Southern leatherside chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Utah Lake and Sevier river systems in Utah; historically in Beaver River system, where it now appears to be extinct (Ref. 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Lepidomeda altivelis
|
Miller & Hubbs, 1960 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Pahranagat spinedace (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the White River, Pahranagat Valley in Nevada (Ref. 86798). Classified as extinct based on IUCN assessment in 2012 (Ref. 120392). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: extinct. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Lepidomeda copei
|
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1881) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Leatherside chub (English), Northern leatherside chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Bear and Upper Snake River systems in Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 52299.
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). Lepidomeda aliciae: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Lepidomeda mollispinis
|
Miller & Hubbs, 1960 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Virgin spinedace (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Virgin River system in Utah, Nevada and Arizona. Generally common but reduced in streams subjected to impoundment and channelization. Two subspecies were recognized: as Lepidomeda mollispinis mollispinis and Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis (protected as a threatened subspecies) (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat as Lepidomeda mollispinis mollispinis: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/). Also as Lepidomeda mollispinis pratensis: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Lepidomeda vittata
|
Cope, 1874 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Little Colorado spinedace (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Little Colorado River system in eastern Arizona (Ref. 86798). Uncommon and highly localized. Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Lepisosteidae |
Lepisosteus oculatus
|
Winchell, 1864 | Fr, Br
| native | Spotted gar (English) | | 150 cm TL male/unsexed | 28.5 SL | Recorded from the Mississippi River basin and southern Great Lakes, and Gulf Coastal drainages from Apalachicola drainage to Guadalupe River of Texas (Ref. 10294). | |
Lepisosteidae |
Lepisosteus osseus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br, Sp
| native | Longnose gar (English), Gar (English) | common (usually seen) | 200 cm TL male/unsexed | 60 TL | Type locality: Virginia (Ref. 79012). Found on fresh and brackish tributaries of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland and Virginia; also in Delaware, and New Jersey (Ref. 4639). Also Ref. 276, 10294. | |
Lepisosteidae |
Lepisosteus platostomus
|
Rafinesque, 1820 | Fr, Sp
| native | Shortnose gar (English) | | 88.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mississippi River basin and western tributaries to Lake Michigan (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 276. | |
Lepisosteidae |
Lepisosteus platyrhincus
|
DeKay, 1842 | Fr
| native | Florida gar (English) | | 132 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 276. | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis auritus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| native | Redbreast sunfish (English), Redbreast (English) | | 30.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Atlantic Coast drainages from central New Brunswick south, and eastward in Gulf through Apalachicola drainage (Ref. 10294); also from Oglethorpe, Georgia (Ref. 276). | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis cyanellus
|
Rafinesque, 1819 | Fr, Sp
| native | Green sunfish (English) | | 31.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common to abundant; one of the most common North American fishes (Ref. 5723). | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis gibbosus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| native | Pumpkinseed (English) | common (usually seen) | 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 5 | Naturally occuring in the east (Ref. 1998). Introduced into California, Wyoming, Montana, Washington, and Oregon (Ref. 1998). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis gulosus
|
(Cuvier, 1829) | Fr, Sp
| native | Warmouth (English) | | 31.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Mississippi River and Great Lakes basins, and in Atlantic and Gulf coastal drainages, above and below the Fall Line, from Chesapeake Bay through the Rio Grande (Ref. 10294). Introduced elsewhere, including lower Colorado River drainage, where common. Common in lowlands areas; uncommon in uplands. Considered an excellent small sport fish in the country (Ref. 52559). | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis humilis
|
(Girard, 1858) | Fr, Sp
| endemic | Orangespotted sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 17.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Sporadically transplanted elsewhere. Sometimes utilized as a gamefish (Ref. 52559). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis macrochirus
|
Rafinesque, 1819 | Fr, Sp
| native | Bluegill (English) | | 41.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis marginatus
|
(Holbrook, 1855) | Fr
| endemic | Dollar sunfish (English) | | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: St. Johns River, Florida (Ref. 79012). Recorded from Atlantic and Gulf coastal drainages, mostly below Fall Line (Ref. 10294). Common in southeastern USA, especially Florida; generally uncommon in western part of range (Ref. 5723). | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis megalotis
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Sp
| native | Longear sunfish (English), Creek perch (English), Great lakes longear (English), Northern longear (English), Pumpkinseed (English) | | 24.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the southern portion of Hudson Bay drainage (rare), Mississippi Basin, tributaries to lakes Huron, Michigan, and Erie, and Gulf Coastal drainages from Apalachicola River west through Rio Grande drainage in Mexico (Ref. 10294). | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis microlophus
|
(Günther, 1859) | Fr, Sp
| endemic | Redear sunfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 43.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: St. Johns River, Florida (Ref. 79012). Known from Savannah River in South Carolina to Nueces River in Texas, north in Mississippi River basin to southern Indiana and Illinois. Now widely transplanted in eastern USA as far north as Pennsylvania and northern Illinois (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis miniatus
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | Redspotted sunfish (English) | | 16.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Type locality, Tangipahoa R., Mississippi [not Louisiana] (Ref. 46206). | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis peltastes
|
Cope, 1870 | Fr
| native | Northern sunfish (English) | | 14.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis punctatus
|
(Valenciennes, 1831) | Fr
| endemic | Spotted sunfish (English), Stumpknocker (English) | common (usually seen) | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Transplanted into Devils River (in Rio Grande drainage) in Texas (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Lepomis symmetricus
|
Forbes, 1883 | Fr
| endemic | Bantam sunfish (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Illinois River at Pekin, Tazewell Coutny, Illinois (Ref. 79012). Former Mississippi Embayment from southern Illinois to Gulf of Mexico; from Bay St. Louis, Mississippi to Colorado River, Texas. Isolated populations occurred historically in Illinois River and Wabash River drainages in Illinois (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Fundulidae |
Leptolucania ommata
|
(Jordan, 1884) | Fr
| endemic | Pygmy killifish (English) | common (usually seen) | 3.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common; locally abundant (Ref. 5723). | |
Petromyzontidae |
Lethenteron appendix
|
(DeKay, 1842) | Fr
| native | American brook lamprey (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 35.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins west to Minnesota, and south to Chowan River system in Virginia, Tennessee River system in Alabama, and St. Francis and White river systems in Missouri and Arkanzas (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the uplands of Mississippi River basin, Great Lakes tributaries, and Atlantic Coast drainages from New England to Roanoke River drainage of Virginia (Ref. 10294). Found in Lake Superior Basin, Michigan; Lake Michigan Basin, Michigan (Carp Lake, Betsie, Pine, and Pentwater rivers) and Indiana; Lake Huron Basin, Michigan; Lake Erie Basin, Michigan; Lake Ontario Basin, New York; Mississippi River Basin, Minnesota, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama; St. Lawrence River Basin, New York; Atlantic Slope basins, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia (Ref. 89241). Also Ref. 276, 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Leuciscus idus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Ide (English), Golden orfe (English), Orfe (English), Silver orfe (English) | | 85.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Occurs in schools in clear pools of medium to large rivers, ponds and lakes (Ref. 5723). | |
Pleuronectidae |
Liopsetta glacialis
|
(Pallas, 1776) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Arctic flounder (English) | | 44.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Lotidae |
Lota lota
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| native | Burbot (English), Ellpout (English) | common (usually seen) | 152 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the northern USA (south to Pennysylvannia, Kentucky, Missouri, Wyoming and Washington (Ref. 86798). Recorded from south of the Great Lakes area (Ref. 10294). Also found in Green Bay and Lake Michigan (Ref. 43215). Illegally introduced in the upper Colorado river basin (Ref. 87934). Also Ref. 1371, 5723. | |
Fundulidae |
Lucania goodei
|
Jordan, 1880 | Fr
| endemic | Bluefin killifish (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Fundulidae |
Lucania parva
|
(Baird & Girard, 1855) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Rainwater killifish (English) | | 6.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Beesley's point, New Jersey (Ref. 79012). Fish introduction attributed to ballast-water transport (including attributions to transport in bilge water or other seawater systems) in Oregon and Sna Francisco Bay, California (Ref. 37896); Reported from Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 27549, 93252). | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus albeolus
|
(Jordan, 1889) | Fr
| endemic | White shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Atlantic Slope from Chowan River system in Virginia to Cape Fear River drainage in North Carolina; upper New River drainage (Ohio River basin) in West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina (Ref. 86798). Common; abundant in upper Roanoke River drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus cardinalis
|
(Mayden, 1988) | Fr
| native | Cardinal shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Arkansas River drainage in southwestern Missouri, northwestern Arkansas, eastern Kansas and eastern Oklahoma; and Red River drainage in southeastern Oklahoma, where probably introduced (Ref. 86798). Common in Arkanas River drainage; rare in Red River drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus cerasinus
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| native | Crescent shiner (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from James, Roanoke, Chowan, New, and extreme upper Cape Fear River drainages in Virginia and North Carolina (Ref. 86798). Common to abundant in Roanoke drainage; may be introduced in other drainages (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus chrysocephalus
|
Rafinesque, 1820 | Fr
| native | Striped shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 24.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 6.7 SL | Known from the Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from western New York and Wisconsin, south to Alabama, Louisiana and eastern Texas, USA; Gulf Coast drainages from Mobile Bay in Georgia and Alabama, to Sabine River in Louisiana, USA. Introduced to Escambia River system in Florida and Alabama (Ref. 86798). Common to abundant (Ref. 86798); abundant in northern part of the range, common in the southern part (Ref. 5723). Recorded from the southern Great Lakes drainage and in eastern Mississippi River tributaries from northern Illinois south through the Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee drainages, and in the upper Mobile Basin; also found in western Mississippi River tributaries from northeastern Missouri south through the White and middle Arkansas river systems of Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus coccogenis
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| native | Warpaint shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Tennessee River drainage in Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, northern Georgia and northern Alabama, and adjacent tributaries of Savannah River in North Carolina and South Carolina, Santee River in North Carolina and New River in North Carolina (Ref. 86798). May be introduced in New and Santee River drainages (Ref. 5723, 86798). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus cornutus
|
(Mitchill, 1817) | Fr
| native | Common shiner (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Atlantic, Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and Mississippi River basins from Maine south to James River drainage in Virginia, northern Ohio, central Missouri and Colorado (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus pilsbryi
|
(Fowler, 1904) | Fr
| native | Duskystripe shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from White (excluding Black River system) and Little Red River systems in southern Missouri and northern Arkansas (Ref. 86798). Common to abundant (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus zonatus
|
(Putnam, 1863) | Fr
| endemic | Bleeding shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Ozark-draining tributaries of Missouri (west to Sac River), Mississippi (including Meramec River), Little, St. Francis and Black rivers in southern Missouri and northeastern Arkansas (Ref. 86798). Common to abundant (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Luxilus zonistius
|
Jordan, 1880 | Fr
| native | Bandfin shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Apalachicola River drainage in Georgia, Alabama and Florida; adjacent tributaries of Savannah, Altamaha, and Coosa rivers in Georgia, and Tallapoosa River in Georgia and Alabama. Possibly introduced into Hiwassee River system in Georgia (Ref. 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus alegnotus
|
(Snelson, 1972) | Fr
| native | Warrior shiner (English) | | | | Occurs above Fall Line in Black Warrior River system, Alabama (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 52299. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus ardens
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| endemic | Rosefin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Atlantic Slope from York River drainage (where introduced) in Virginia to Roanoke River drainage in North Carolina; upper New River system (Kanawha-Ohio drainage) above Kanawha Falls in West Virginia and Virginia (Ref. 86798). Reported from Ohio River basin: from Scioto River drainage in Ohio southwest to extreme southeastern Illinois (now extirpated) (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus atrapiculus
|
(Snelson, 1972) | Fr
| endemic | Blacktip shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Apalachicola (including upper Flint River), Choctawhatchee, Yellow and Escambia river drainages in western Georgia, southeastern Alabama and Florida. Introduced into Old Town Creek (Tallapoosa River system), Bullock County in Alabama. Found above Fall Line only in Apalachicola drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus bellus
|
(Hay, 1881) | Fr
| endemic | Pretty shiner (English) | | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mobile Bay drainage, Bear and Yellow Creek systems (in Tennessee River drainage) in Alabama and Mississippi (Ref. 86798). Usually seen below Fall Line although avoids lower Coastal Plain (Ref. 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus fasciolaris
|
(Gilbert, 1891) | Fr
| endemic | Scarlet shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Ohio River basin from Muskingum River drainage in Ohio to southeast Illinois (extirpated in Illinois) and south to Tennessee River drainage in Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi; upper Black Warrior River system (Gulf basin) in Alabama (Ref. 86798). Common to abundant (Ref. 86798). Type locality, Spring and Pin-hook creeks, Huntsville, Madison Co., Alabama (Ref. 54621). | |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus fumeus
|
(Evermann, 1892) | Fr
| endemic | Ribbon shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Mississippi River basin in central Illinois, to northwestern Alabama, Louisiana and eastern Oklahoma; Gulf drainages from Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana to Navidad River in Texas (Ref. 86798). Mostly found below Fall Line, but also present in lowlands of southern Illinois (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Hunter Creek, near Houston, Texas (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus lirus
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | Mountain shiner (English) | | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Tennessee and Alabama River drainages in Virginia, Tennessee, northwestern Georgia and Alabama. Nearly restricted to Coosa River system above Fall Line in Alabama River drainage (Ref. 86798). Common in Alabama River drainage; uncommon in Tennessee River drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus matutinus
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| endemic | Pinewoods shiner (English), Pinewoods shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Tar and Neuse river drainages, North Carolina (Ref. 5723, 86798). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus roseipinnis
|
(Hay, 1885) | Fr
| endemic | Cherryfin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Gulf drainages from extreme lower Mobile Bay basin in Alabama to Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana; Yazoo River, Big Black River and Bayou Pierre drainages (Mississippi River basin) in Mississippi (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus snelsoni
|
(Robison, 1985) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Ouachita shiner (English), Ouachita mountain shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 5.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs above Fall Line in the Little River system in Arizona and Oklahoma ( Ouachita Mountains) (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Lythrurus umbratilis
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Redfin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.80 cm TL male/unsexed | 3 SL | Known from Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins in western New York to southeastern Minnesota and south to Louisiana; Gulf drainages west of Mississippi River to Trinity and San Jacinto rivers in Texas (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Sugar Loaf Creek, Sebastian County, Arkansas (Ref. 79012). Common; locally abundant (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis aestivalis
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Thr
| native | Speckled chub (English) | | 12.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Rio Grande drainage in Texas and New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Usually found in central Rio Grande; absent in the upper; rare in the lower drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294.
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,3 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis australis
|
(Hubbs & Ortenburger, 1929) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Prairie chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Red River drainage in Oklahoma and Texas (Ref. 86798).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis boschungi
|
Gilbert & Mayden, 2017 | Fr
| native | Mobile chub (English) | | 4.72 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.70 cm SL female | | Known only from larger rivers of Mobile Bay basin in Alabama and Mississippi (Alabama, Cahaba, Coosa and Tallapoosa), where confined below Fall Line. The construction of the Tenn-Tom waterway, which has altered the original free-flowing Tombigbee River into a series of standing pools has posed threat by eliminating this species from a major porton of its original geograpic range. A close monitoring of this species throughout the remaining parts of its range is suggested (Ref. 116539). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis etnieri
|
Gilbert & Mayden, 2017 | Fr
| native | Coosa chub (English) | | 4.50 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.22 cm SL female | | Found only in the upper sections of the Mobile Bay basin, above the Fall Line,
including the Cahaba, Coosa and Tallapoosa river systems, in Alabama, northwestern Georgia, and extreme southeastern Tennessee (Ref. 116539). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis gelida
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Sturgeon chub (English) | | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Missouri River basin in Montana and Wyoming to Illinois; and Mississippi River from mouth of Missouri River to Louisiana (Ref. 86798). Fairly common in middle Missouri River; rare elsewhere (Ref. 86798). This species is considered endangered and treated as a Species of Special Concern in Tennessee (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis hyostoma
|
(Gilbert, 1884) | Fr
| native | Shoal chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Mississippi River basin from eastern Ohio to southern Minnesota and Nebraska south to Louisiana; Wolf River (Lake Michigan drainage) in Wisconsin; Gulf drainages from Mississippi River in Louisiana to Lavaca River in Texas. Usually found over much of distributional range but declining (Ref. 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis marconis
|
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1886) | Fr
| native | Burrhead chub (English) | | 7.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Colorado, Guadalupe, and San Antonio river drainages in Texas (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 52299. | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis meeki
|
(Jordan & Evermann, 1896) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Sicklefin chub (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Missouri River from North Dakota to mouth; Mississippi River from the mouth of Missouri River to southern Mississippi; and lower Kansas River in eastern Kansas. Fairly common in middle Missouri River; rare elsewhere (Ref. 86798). This species is considered endangered and treated as a Species of Special Concern in Tennessee (Ref. 10294). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status improved since 1989 listing. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis pallida
|
Gilbert & Mayden, 2017 | Fr
| native | Pallid chub (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 3.75 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.15 cm SL female | | Known only from Escambia, Blackwater, and Choctawhatchee river drainages of southeastern Alabama and western panhandle Florida (Ref. 116539). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis storeriana
|
(Kirtland, 1845) | Fr
| native | Silver chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 23.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Lake Erie drainage; Red River drainage south to Minnesota; Mississippi River basin in Pennsylvania and West Virginia west to Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma, and south to Gulf Coast; Gulf drainages from Mobile Bay drainage in Alabama to Lake Pontchartrain drainages in Louisiana; isolated population in Brazos River in Texas (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis tetranema
|
(Gilbert, 1886) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Peppered chub (English) | | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Arkansas River drainage in Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, and formerly Colorado (Ref. 86798). Localized and declining throughout most of the range (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 52299.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Macrhybopsis tomellerii
|
Gilbert & Mayden, 2017 | Fr
| native | Gulf chub (English) | | 4.75 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.07 cm SL female | | Known from Pearl and Pascagoula river drainages in Mississippi and southeastern Louisiana, and presumably from the adjacent Lake Pontchartrain drainage of these two states (Ref. 116539). | No picture yet. |
Osphronemidae |
Macropodus opercularis
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| not established | Paradisefish (English), Forktail fightingfish (English), Paradise fish (English) | | 6.70 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Margariscus margarita
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr
| native | Allegheny pearl dace (English), Pearl dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Atlantic Slope from Hudson River drainage in Vermont and New York, south to Potomac River drainage in Virginia; upper Ohio River drainages in south New York to West Virginia (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 1998, 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Margariscus nachtriebi
|
(Cox, 1896) | Fr
| native | Northern pearl dace (English) | | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins; south to New York, Wisconsin and Iowa. Isolated populations are found in the upper Missouri River basin in South Dakota, Nebraska and Wyoming (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Cichlidae |
Mayaheros urophthalmus
|
(Günther, 1862) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Mayan cichlid (English), Orange tiger (English) | | 39.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Established in Everglades National Park and just outside its boundaries in southern Florida (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Meda fulgida
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Spikedace (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 9.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Gila River system in Arizona and New Mexico. Rare or extirpated over most of its range (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Megalopidae |
Megalops atlanticus
|
Valenciennes, 1847 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Tarpon (English), Silverfish (English), Silverking (English), Sábalo (Spanish) | | 250 cm TL male/unsexed | 117.5 FL | Found in Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 4639); also from Choptank River (Ref. 93252). | |
Atherinopsidae |
Menidia audens
|
Hay, 1882 | Fr
| native | Mississippi silverside (English) | | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Massachusetts to Rio Grande drainage in Texas and southeast New Mexico; north in Mississippi River and major tributaries (mainly Arkansas and Red rivers) to south Indiana and east Oklahoma (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Atherinopsidae |
Menidia beryllina
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Inland silverside (English), Mississippi silverside (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Potomac River, Washington D.C. (Ref. 79012). From Massachusetts to Rio Grande drainage in Texas and southeastern New Mexico; north in Mississippi River and major tributaries (mainly Arkansas and Red rivers) to southern Illinois and eastern Oklahoma (Ref 5723). Also Ref. 27549, 93252. | |
Atherinopsidae |
Menidia clarkhubbsi
|
Echelle & Mosier, 1982 | Fr
| native | Texas silverside (English) | | | | Type locality, 6 km north of Rockport, Aransas Co., Texas, USA (Ref. 26282). | No picture yet. |
Atherinopsidae |
Menidia extensa
|
Hubbs & Raney, 1946 | Fr, Fi, Pr, B, Thr
| endemic | Waccamaw silverside (English), Skipjack (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 3.3 TL | Common but protected as a threatened species due to extremely small range. Very fragile when handled, almost always went into immediate and fatal shock when collected (Ref. 35360). So far, efforts to culture have been unsuccessful (Ref. 35360).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Gadidae |
Microgadus tomcod
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Atlantic tomcod (English), Frostfish (English) | | 38.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in marine environment and frequently enters Atlantic drainages from Maine to Virginia (Ref. 86798). More common in the northern part of its distribution where some populations have become permanent residents of freshwater lakes (Ref. 86798) Also Ref. 1371, 39299. | |
Gobiidae |
Microgobius gulosus
|
(Girard, 1858) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Clown goby (English) | | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Chesapeake Bay to Florida; Gulf of Mexico to Corpus Christi, Texas (Ref, 91780). Also Ref. 11344. | |
Syngnathidae |
Microphis lineatus
|
(Kaup, 1856) | Fr, Br, M, Thr
| native | Opossum pipefish (English) | | 19.40 cm SL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 5521.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus cahabae
|
Baker, Johnston & Blanton, 2013 | Fr
| endemic | Cahaba bass (English) | | 36.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Restricted to the Cahaba River system in the Piedmont region of central Alabama (Ref. 93229). | No picture yet. |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus cataractae
|
Williams & Burgess, 1999 | Fr, Thr
| native | Shoal bass (English), Shoal bass (English) | | 61.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Apalachicola ecoregion (Ref. 81264). Type locality: Chipola R., ca. 1.5 mi. downstream of bridge on State rte 278, 0.7 mi. west of intersection with State rte 71, Jackson Co., Florida, U.S.A (Ref. 36656).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus chattahoochae
|
Baker, Johnston & Blanton, 2013 | Fr
| endemic | Chattahoochee bass (English) | | 3.67 cm SL male/unsexed | | Restricted to the Chattahoochee River system on the Piedmont of west Georgia. Population has rapidly declined due to habitat degradation and may be afftected by the introduction of nonindigenous bass species into the Chattahoochee River system (Ref. 93229). | No picture yet. |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus coosae
|
Hubbs & Bailey, 1940 | Fr
| endemic | Redeye bass (English) | common (usually seen) | 47.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Savannah, Chattahoochee and Mobile Bay basins in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Tennessee and Alabama. Transplanted elsewhere, including Altamaha River in Georgia, Sisquoc River in California, and upper Cumberland River drainage (Martins Fork) in Kentucky (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294, 93229. | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus dolomieu
|
Lacepède, 1802 | Fr, Sp
| native | Smallmouth bass (English), Black bass (English), Bronzeback (English), Brown trout (English), Brownie (English), Gold bass (English), Green bass (English), Jumper (English), Redeye (English), Smallie (English), Streaked-cheek river bass (English), Swago bass (English), Trout bass (English), White trout (English), Bass (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 69.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 20 TL | Widely introduced on the nothern Atlantic Slope and in western U.S. (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 1998, 5723. | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus floridanus
|
(Lesueur, 1822) | Fr
| native | | | | | Type locality, E. Florida (Ref. 54621). | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus henshalli
|
Hubbs & Bailey, 1940 | Fr
| native | Alabama bass (English) | | 61.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Mobile Bay drainage in Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus notius
|
Bailey & Hubbs, 1949 | Fr
| endemic | Suwannee bass (English), Bass (English) | | 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Fairly common in Suwannee River drainage, Florida; uncommon in Ochlockonee River drainage, Florida and Georgia (Ref. 5723). | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus punctulatus
|
(Rafinesque, 1819) | Fr
| endemic | Spotted bass (English), Bass (English) | | 63.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Transplanted onto Atlantic Slope in Virginia and North Carolina, in lower Pecos River in New Mexico, and Consumnes and Feather rivers in California. Possibly introduced to Chattahoochee in Georgia (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus salmoides
|
(Lacepède, 1802) | Fr, Lf, Sp
| native | Largemouth bass (English), Green trout (English), Bass (English) | common (usually seen) | 97.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Great Lakes and Mississippi River basin from Minnesota and south to Gulf; Atlantic and Gulf drainages from North Carolina (probably Tar River) to Florida and to Texas. Widely introduced in the country (Ref. 86798). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 2 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 276, 1998, 10294, 38738. | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus tallapoosae
|
Baker, Johnston & Blanton, 2013 | Fr
| endemic | Tallapoosa bass (English) | | 40.60 cm SL male/unsexed | | Restricted to streams in the Tallapoosa River system above the Fall Line (Ref. 93229). | No picture yet. |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus treculii
|
(Vaillant & Bocourt, 1874) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Guadalupe bass (English), Bass (English) | | 46.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only on Edwards Plateau in Brazos, Colorado, Guadalupe, San Antonio and upper Nueces (where introduced) River drainages in Texas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Centrarchidae |
Micropterus warriorensis
|
Baker, Johnston & Blanton, 2013 | Fr
| endemic | Warrior bass (English) | | 36.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Restricted to the endemic to the Black Warrior River system in the Piedmont region of east Alabama . Scarce or absent from the tributaries in the central and northern portions of this drainage which is likely due to the flat shallow nature of the streambed and absence of deep pools that would serve as sanctuaries during low water or drought conditions (Ref. 93229). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Minytrema melanops
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Sp
| native | Spotted sucker (English) | | 50.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Ohio River, Louisville, Kentucky (Ref. 79012). Recorded from the Coastal Plain (Ref. 10294). Frequently found but rarely in large numbers (Ref. 5723). | |
Cobitidae |
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus
|
(Cantor, 1842) | Fr
| introduced | Oriental weatherfish (English), Japanese weatherfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 28.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Established in headwaters of Shiawassee River, Oakland County in Michigan; Harton Davis Canal, Ada County in Idaho; and flood control canals in Huntington Beach and Westminster, Orange County in California (Ref. 5723). | |
Synbranchidae |
Monopterus albus
|
(Zuiew, 1793) | Fr
| introduced | Asian swamp eel (English), Swamp eel (English), Rice eel (English) | | 100.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in canals, ditches, streams or ponds. May have escaped from a tropical fish farm or have been a pet released from an aquarium (Ref. 26913). | |
Moronidae |
Morone americana
|
(Gmelin, 1789) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Lf, Sp
| native | White perch (English) | common (usually seen) | 58.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Atlantic Slope drainages from St. Lawrence drainage south to Savannah River in Georgia. Introduced to Great Lakes and Ohio-Missouri-Mississippi river systems of mid-western USA; elsewere as far west as Colorado (Ref. 86798). Introduced populations in Lake Ontario drainage have become established following construction of the Erie Canal. A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 1 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 7251. | |
Moronidae |
Morone chrysops
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Sp
| native | White bass (English), Bass (English) | common (usually seen) | 45.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 21 TL | Known from New York to South Dakota and south to Louisiana; Mississippi River in Louisiana to Rio Grande in Texas and New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Ohio River at Louisville, Kentucky (Ref. 79012). Recorded from southern Great Lakes, Mississippi River basin, and Gulf Coastal drainages from Mississippi River west through Rio Grande (Ref. 10294). Widely transplanted to several drainages (Ref. 5723, 86798). | |
Moronidae |
Morone mississippiensis
|
Jordan & Eigenmann, 1887 | Fr, Sp
| endemic | Yellow bass (English), Bass (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 46.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Transplanted elsewhere. Mainly restricted to lowland areas (Ref. 5723). | |
Moronidae |
Morone saxatilis
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Lf, Sp, Thr
| native | Striped bass (English), Linesider (English), Roccus (English), Rock (English), Rockfish (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 200 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality, New York (Ref. 79012). Introduced into Pacific coast drainages and freshwater impoundments far inland (Ref. 5723). Uncommon south of Monterey Bay (Ref. 11545) and north of Coos, Bay, Oregon (Ref. 6885). Most stocks on the east coast are reserved for recreational fishing; little interest for consumption on the west coast (Ref. 9988). Present inshore north of Cape Hatteras (East Coast) (Ref. 37512). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 2 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Fairly common, but less so than before due to pollution of major spawning grounds (Ref. 86798). Hybridized with Morone chrysops. The hybrids known as "wipers" are common where Morone saxatilis have been introduced (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 1998, 6885, 10294, 37512.
Status of threat: 1). Gulf of Mexico populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,4; 2). Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence population: threatened. Criteria: 1; 3). St. Lawrence Estuary population: possibly extinct. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma anisurum
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Sp
| native | Silver redhorse (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 74.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the upland portions of Mississippi Basin, tributaries to the Great Lakes and Hudson Bay, and southeastern Atlantic Coastal drainages (Ref. 10294). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma ariommum
|
Robins & Raney, 1956 | Fr
| native | Bigeye jumprock (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 22.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma austrinum
|
Bean, 1880 | Fr, Thr
| native | Mexican redhorse (English), West Mexican redhorse (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 49.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Possibly extirpated (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma breviceps
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Smallmouth redhorse (English) | | | | Type locality, Youghiogheny R., Maryland/Pennsylvania (Ref. 46206). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma carinatum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr, Sp
| native | River redhorse (English) | | 77.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Mississippi Basin above the Fall Line, Great Lakes tributaries, and eastern Gulf Coast drainages east to the Escambia River (Ref. 10294). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma cervinum
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| endemic | Black jumprock (English), Blacktip jumprock (English) | common (usually seen) | 19.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma collapsum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Notchlip redhorse (English) | | | | Type locality, Neuse R., North Carolina (Ref. 46206). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma congestum
|
(Baird & Girard, 1854) | Fr, Thr
| native | Gray redhorse (English) | | 65.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Rio Salado, Texas (Ref. 79012). Locally common (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma duquesnei
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr, Sp
| native | Black redhorse (English) | common (usually seen) | 51.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mobile Basin above Fall Line (Ref. 10294). Absent in Tombigbee River system of the upper and middle Mobile Bay drainage (Ref. 5723). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma erythrurum
|
(Rafinesque, 1818) | Fr
| native | Golden redhorse (English) | common (usually seen) | 78.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Atlantic Slope: from Potomac River in Maryland to Roanoke River in North Carolina (absent in Rappahannock and York River drainages); Mobile Bay drainage in Georgia, Alabama and southeastern Tennessee (Ref. 5723). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma lacerum
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1877) | Fr, Thr
| extirpated | Harelip sucker (English) | | 31.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: extinct. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma lachneri
|
Robins & Raney, 1956 | Fr
| endemic | Greater jumprock (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 44.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma macrolepidotum
|
(Lesueur, 1817) | Fr, Br, Sp
| native | Shorthead redhorse (English) | common (usually seen) | 75.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Mississippi Basin mostly above the Fall Line, and in Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and middle Atlantic Coastal drainages (Ref. 10294). Locally common (Ref. 5723).
Chesapeake Bay: inhabits moderately large, swift-flowing rivers with silt-free bottoms (Ref. 27549); common on the Piedmont and Coastal Plain and occur in tidal rivers, occasionally entering brackish water (Ref. 93252). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma pappillosum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | V-lip redhorse (English), Suckermouth redhorse (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 45.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Uncommon; rare in Peedee and Santee River drainages (Ref. 5723). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma pisolabrum
|
Trautman & Martin, 1951 | Fr
| native | Pealip redhorse (English) | | | | | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma poecilurum
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| endemic | Blacktail redhorse (English) | common (usually seen) | 51.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Tangipahoa River, Louisiana (Ref. 79012). Locally common; rare in Kentucky and Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma robustum
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Robust redhorse (English), Smallfin redhorse (English) | | 42.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Uncommon in mountain and Piedmont streams; absent on Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: 1). Pee Dee River population: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5; 2) . Altamaha River and Savannah River populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma rupiscartes
|
Jordan & Jenkins, 1889 | Fr
| endemic | Striped jumprock (English) | | 28.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in mountain and Piedmont streams; absent on Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 52299. | |
Catostomidae |
Moxostoma valenciennesi
|
Jordan, 1885 | Fr, Thr
| native | Greater redhorse (English) | | 80.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Uncommon to rare (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Mugilidae |
Mugil cephalus
|
Linnaeus, 1758 | Fr, Br, M, Fi
| native | Striped mullet (English), Black mullet (English), Callifaver mullet (English), Common mullet (English), Grey mullet (English) | | 100.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Most important commercial mullet in the eastern coast (Ref. 7251). Known from Upper Banana river, Cape Canaveral, Florida (Ref. 38975). Also Ref. 9761. | |
Mugilidae |
Mugil curema
|
Valenciennes, 1836 | Fr, Br, M
| native | White mullet (English), Silver mullet (English), Mullet (English) | | 91.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from San Diego, California, USA (Ref. 3814). Also Ref. 13442, 26340. | |
Mugilidae |
Mugil liza
|
Valenciennes, 1836 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Liza (English), Mullet (English) | | 80.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;69.00 cm TL female | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Mylocheilus caurinus
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr
| native | Peamouth (English) | common (usually seen) | 36.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 24.9 TL | Known from the Columbia River drainage in Oregon and Idaho (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 276, 3814, 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Mylopharodon conocephalus
|
(Baird & Girard, 1854) | Fr
| native | Hardhead (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 100.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Becoming increasingly localized (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 276, 3814. | |
Xenocyprididae |
Mylopharyngodon piceus
|
(Richardson, 1846) | Fr
| introduced | Black carp (English), Black Chinese roach (English), Chinese black carp (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 180 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced in the 1970s to control snails and other mollusks in lakes and ponds. Has escaped into river basins which is likely to exacerbate the existing serious decline in North American mussels and snails. Rarely found but thought to be reproducing and increasing in the lower Mississippi River basin. Occurs in floodplain lakes, backwaters, and channels of large rivers (Ref. 86798). A triploid carp (likely sterile) was caught in Horseshoe Lake, Alexander County, Illinois 26 March 2003. Capture of the specimen is evidence that the species is escaping or being released from aquaculture and/or research facilities. With the introduction history of Asian carp, it appears inevitable that black carp will become established in the Mississippi river and elsewhere unless stricter regulations on the use and transportation of this species are developed and enforced (Ref. 47937). Under experimentation for aquaculture in the USA (Ref. 4537). | |
Cottidae |
Myoxocephalus thompsonii
|
(Girard, 1851) | Fr
| native | Deepwater sculpin (English) | | 23.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Extremely localized; common in some lakes (e.g., Lake Michigan) (Ref. 5723). | |
Gobiidae |
Neogobius melanostomus
|
(Pallas, 1814) | Fr, Rstr, B
| introduced | Round goby (English) | | 35.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 4.3 SL | Introduced with ballast water into Great Lakes, Ontario (Ref. 4537). Also known from Lake St. Claire (Ref. 12390). Probably responsible for the decline and possible elimination of many Great Lakes species and are implicated in many ecological problems occuring in the Basin (Renea Ruffing, pers. Comm. 08/2001). It is illegal in Illinois and Indiana and most other Great Lake states to possess live gobies. Gobies (caught or leftover bait) are disposed in trash or on land far away from the water body (Ref. 40933). Also Ref. 092840. | |
Leuciscidae |
Nocomis asper
|
Lachner & Jenkins, 1971 | Fr
| endemic | Redspot chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 22.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Arkansas River drainage in southwestern Missouri, southeastern Kansas, northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas; isolated populations in Blue River (Red River drainage) in Oklahoma and upper Ouachita River drainage in Arkansas (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Nocomis biguttatus
|
(Kirtland, 1840) | Fr
| native | Hornyhead chub (English), Horneyhead chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 26.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Mohawk River system in New York,west through Great Lakes and Mississippi River basin to Red River drainage (Hudson Bay basin) in North Dakota, and south to Ohio River drainage; Ozark drainages in Missouri and Arkansas. Isolated populations in lower Kentucky River system in Kentucky, Platte and Cheyenne River systems in Nebraska, Wyoming, and Colorado, and Kansas River in Kansas (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Nocomis effusus
|
Lachner & Jenkins, 1967 | Fr
| endemic | Redtail chub (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 23.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Green, upper Barren, Cumberland (in Little South Fork and downstream), Duck and lower Tennessee (between Cumberland and Duck Rivers) river drainages in Kentucky and Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Uncommon over much of range; locally common (Ref. 5723, 86798 ). Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Nocomis leptocephalus
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| endemic | Bluehead chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 26.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in Atlantic and Gulf Slope drainages from Shenandoah River in Virginia to Mississippi River in Mississippi; tributaries of Mississippi River north to Yazoo River system in Mississippi; upper New River drainage in West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina; Bear Creek (Tennessee River drainage) in Alabama and Mississippi. Introduced into Little Tennessee River and French Broad systems in North Carolina and Tennessee. Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Nocomis micropogon
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr, Sp
| native | River chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 33.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Susquehanna River, New York to James River, Virginia; Great Lakes basin, New York to Michigan; Ohio River basin in New York to eastern Illinois and south to northern Georgia and Alabama except absent in southwestern Indiana, western 2/3 of Kentucky, and most of western Tennessee. Also present and possibly introduced in upper Santee River in North Carolina, Savannah River in South Carolina and Georgia, and Coosa River in Georgia (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Nocomis platyrhynchus
|
Lachner & Jenkins, 1971 | Fr
| endemic | Bigmouth chub (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 24.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from New River drainage in West Virginia,Virginia and North Carolina (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 276. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Nocomis raneyi
|
Lachner & Jenkins, 1971 | Fr
| endemic | Bull chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 32.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from James River in Virginia to Neuse River (1 record in the upper Cape Fear River) in North Carolina (Ref. 86798). Generally common above Fall Line (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Notemigonus crysoleucas
|
(Mitchill, 1814) | Fr, Br, Fi, Aq, B
| native | Golden shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 32.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Atlantic and Gulf slope drainages from Maine to south Texas, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins west to Montana, and west Oklahoma and Texas (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the Coastal Plain (Ref. 10294). Type locality: New York (Ref. 79012). Introduced elsewhere in the country via bait buckets (Ref. 86798). Bred in Arkansas for bait (Ref. 26870). Common, except in uplands (Ref. 86798).
Chesapeake Bay: common to abundant in all tributaries of Chesapeake Bay. Occasionally enters brackish areas with salinities as high as 17% (Ref. 93252). | |
Percidae |
Nothonotus aquali
|
(Williams & Etnier, 1978) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Coppercheek darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the Duck River system (Tennessee River drainage) in western central Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Reported from Buffalo River (Tennessee River), Lewis County, Tennessee (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status improved since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Nothonotus microlepidus
|
(Raney & Zorach, 1967) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Smallscale darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the lower Cumberland River drainage in western Kentucky and northern central Tennessee. Localized (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Nothonotus sanguifluus
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| endemic | Bloodfin darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Nothonotus starnesi
|
Keck & Near, 2013 | Fr
| endemic | Caney fork darter (English) | | 7.60 cm SL male/unsexed | 5.25 SL | Known only from Caney Fork River drainage, Tennessee (including the counties Grundy, Van Buren, Warren and White). However, it does not occur in the portion of the Caney Fork in the Cumberland Plateau physiographic region, including (approximately) the main river upstream of Gastens Branch in White County and Cane Creek upstream of Tennessee Highway 30 in
Van Buren County. Habitat degradation from intensive silviculture, livestock production, invasive species, and urbanization in the area could further reduce the range and abundance of these endemic species (Ref. 93269). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis albizonatus
|
Warren & Burr, 1994 | Fr, Thr
| native | Palezone shiner (English), Paleband shiner (English), Palezone shiner (English) | | 5.64 cm SL male/unsexed | 3.75 SL | The species is federally listed as endangered and considered vulnerable in these areas (Ref. 31523).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis alborus
|
Hubbs & Raney, 1947 | Fr
| native | Whitemouth shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Mostly restricted to Piedmont, where fairly common (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis altipinnis
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Highfin shiner (English) | | 6.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common on Piedmont; uncommon (in north) to rare (in south) on Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis amabilis
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Texas shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Rio Leona (tributary to Rio Nueces) in Uvalde, Texas (Ref. 79012). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis ammophilus
|
Suttkus & Boschung, 1990 | Fr, Sp
| native | Orangefin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded below the Fall Line in the Mobile Basin, Yellow Creek (Tennessee drainage) of northeastern Mississippi, and the upper Yazoo River system of Calhoun and Ponotoc counties, Mississippi (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis amoenus
|
(Abbott, 1874) | Fr
| native | Comely shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis anogenus
|
Forbes, 1885 | Fr, Thr
| native | Pugnose shiner (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 5.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis ariommus
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr, Thr
| native | Popeye shiner (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 9.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Ohio River, and Maumee River, a Lake Erie tributary, in Ohio (Ref. 10294). Highly localized (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis asperifrons
|
Suttkus & Raney, 1955 | Fr
| native | Burrhead shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Ridge and Valley and Cumberland Plateau portions of the Mobile Basin (Ref. 10294). Fairly common but localized (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis atherinoides
|
Rafinesque, 1818 | Fr
| native | Emerald shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mississippi River basin, and extending north to the MacKenzie River drainage of Canada and east and west of the mouth of the Mississippi to Mobile Basin and Galveston Bay drainages (Ref. 10294). Probably the most abundant fish in Mississippi and other large rivers (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 1998. | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis atrocaudalis
|
Evermann, 1892 | Fr
| native | Blackspot shiner (English) | | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Fairly common in the southern part of range; uncommon in the north (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis baileyi
|
Suttkus & Raney, 1955 | Fr
| native | Rough shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis bairdi
|
Hubbs & Ortenburger, 1929 | Fr
| native | Red River shiner (English) | | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Red River, 10-14.5 km southwest of Hollis, Harman, Co., Oklahoma (Ref. 79012). Abundant in the western part of range, especially southwestern Oklahoma; less common elsewhere (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis bifrenatus
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr, Thr
| native | Bridle shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 6.50 cm TL male/unsexed | 3.5 SL | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). Chesapeake Bay: once common in most tributaries but have become rare or extripated. Persists in James and Chickahominy Rivers (Ref. 93252). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis blennius
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | River shiner (English), Poor minnow (English) | | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Arkansas River near Fort Smith, Arkansas (Ref. 79012). Common in central part of range, especially upper Mississippi and lower Ohio rivers (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis boops
|
Gilbert, 1884 | Fr
| native | Bigeye shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Mostly confined to upland areas. Abundant in Ozark-Ouachita drainages; absent from most of Former Mississippi Embayment. Disappearing from large areas, including most of Ohio and Illinois due to increased siltation (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis braytoni
|
Jordan & Evermann, 1896 | Fr, Thr
| native | Tamaulipas shiner (English) | | 6.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in Rio Grande mainstream (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,3 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis buccata
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr, Thr
| native | Silverjaw minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the tributaries of the Mississippi River of SW Illinois and E Missouri, in the Wabash and Ohio River drainages of Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and West Virginia; and the Atlantic drainages of Maryland and Virginia (Ref. 57709).
Status of Threat: Threatened species in Tennessee due to surface-mining activities (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis buccula
|
Cross, 1953 | Fr, Thr
| native | Smalleye shiner (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Rare and sporadically distributed (Ref. 3881).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis buchanani
|
Meek, 1896 | Fr
| native | Ghost shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the west of the Mississippi to the Rio Grande (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis cahabae
|
Mayden & Kuhajda, 1989 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Cahaba shiner (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis candidus
|
Suttkus, 1980 | Fr
| endemic | Silverside shiner (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis chalybaeus
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Ironcolor shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis chihuahua
|
Woolman, 1892 | Fr, Thr
| native | Chihuahua shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1,3,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis chiliticus
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Redlip shiner (English) | | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recently transplanted and possibly established in New River drainage in North Carolina and Virginia. Abundant in mountain streams; common on Piedmont (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis chlorocephalus
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| endemic | Greenhead shiner (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis chrosomus
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr, Br
| native | Rainbow shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Alabama River system of Mobile Basin, with some Black Warrior populations in Alabama. Also found in Tennessee River drainage in Town Creek near Fort Payne, Alabama (Ref. 10294). Fairly common, especially in spring-fed streams in Coosa River system (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis cummingsae
|
Myers, 1925 | Fr
| native | Dusky shiner (English) | | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Generally common on Coastal Plain; uncommon on Piedmont (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis dorsalis
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| native | Bigmouth shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the upper Mississippi Basin, southern tributaries to the Great Lakes, and in the southern portion of the Hudson Bay drainage (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis edwardraneyi
|
Suttkus & Clemmer, 1968 | Fr
| endemic | Fluvial shiner (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis girardi
|
Hubbs & Ortenburger, 1929 | Fr, Thr
| native | Arkansas River shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Arkansas River drainages from western Arkansas to western Kansas, western Oklahoma, Texas and northeastern New Mexico. Transplanted into Pecos River in New Mexico (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis greenei
|
Hubbs & Ortenburger, 1929 | Fr
| native | Wedgespot shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis harperi
|
Fowler, 1941 | Fr
| native | Redeye chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common but absent from some drainages within range; abundant in prime habitat (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis heterodon
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr
| native | Blackchin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis heterolepis
|
Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1893 | Fr
| native | Blacknose shiner (English) | | 9.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis hudsonius
|
(Clinton, 1824) | Fr, Br
| native | Spottail shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723).
Chesapeake Bay: Abundant in all tributaries (Ref. 27549); occur on a regular basis in brackish waters (Ref. 93252). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis hypsilepis
|
Suttkus & Raney, 1955 | Fr, Thr
| native | Highscale shiner (English) | | 5.10 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Apalachicola River drainage in Georgia and eastern Alabama; one locality in upper Savannah River drainage in northeastern Georgia. Most common in Piedmont; rare in large populations (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis jemezanus
|
(Cope, 1875) | Fr, Thr
| native | Rio Grande shiner (English) | | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in lower Rio Grande; less common elsewhere (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,3 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis leuciodus
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| native | Tennessee shiner (English) | | 8.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Abundant in upper Tennessee River drainage in North Carolina and eastern Tennessee; less common elsewhere. In Green River drainage restricted to extreme upper Green and Upper Barren systems (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis longirostris
|
(Hay, 1881) | Fr
| native | Longnose shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis lutipinnis
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1878) | Fr
| native | Yellowfin shiner (English) | | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common to abundant in mountain and upper Piedmont streams; less common on lower Piedmont (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis maculatus
|
(Hay, 1881) | Fr
| native | Taillight shiner (English) | | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Atlantic Coastal drainages from Cape Fear River south through Florida peninsula, and west in Gulf Coast drainages through Mississippi River; extends north in Mississippi River basin to southern Illinois (Ref. 10294). Locally common in southeastern USA; uncommon in Mississippi basin (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis mekistocholas
|
Snelson, 1971 | Fr, Thr
| native | Cape Fear shiner (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Cape Fear drainage near Fall Line, Chatham and Harnett counties, North Carolina (Ref. 5723). Smallest range of any species of Notropis (Ref. 3881).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis melanostomus
|
Bortone, 1989 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Blackmouth shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 3.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis micropteryx
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| native | Highland shiner (English) | | | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis nubilus
|
(Forbes, 1878) | Fr
| native | Ozark minnow (English) | | 9.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in southern part of range (except perhaps extinct in Boggy Creek system); uncommon in north (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis orca
|
Woolman, 1894 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Phantom shiner (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in Rio Grande from mouth to northern central New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Rio Grande at El Paso, Texas (Ref. 79012). Classified as extinct based on IUCN assessment in 2012 (Ref. 120393). Also Ref. 3814.
Status of threat: possibly extinct. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264); near extinction (Ref. 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis ortenburgeri
|
Hubbs, 1927 | Fr, Thr
| native | Kiamichi shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 5.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis oxyrhynchus
|
Hubbs & Bonham, 1951 | Fr
| native | Sharpnose shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from the Brazos River and lower portions of large tributaries in Texas (Ref. 5723). Type locality: Brazos River, at Wellborn Crossing, Brazos Co., Texas (Ref. 79012). Transplanted into middle Colorado River in Texas (Ref. 3881).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis ozarcanus
|
Meek, 1891 | Fr, Thr
| native | Ozark shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common, especially in the upper Current River (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis percobromus
|
(Cope, 1871) | Fr
| native | Carmine shiner (English) | | | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis perpallidus
|
Hubbs & Black, 1940 | Fr, Thr
| native | Peppered shiner (English), Colorless shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Ouachita and Red River drainages, south Arkansas and southeast Oklahoma. Restricted to the Little and Kiamichi River systems in the Red River drainage (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis petersoni
|
Fowler, 1942 | Fr, Fi, B
| native | Coastal shiner (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Restricted to Coastal Plain on Gulf Slope; more widespread on Atlantic Slope (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis photogenis
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr
| native | Silver shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Lake Erie tributaries south through Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee river drainages (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis potteri
|
Hubbs & Bonham, 1951 | Fr
| native | Chub shiner (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Fairly common in the mainstream of Red River; localized elsewhere (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis procne
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr
| native | Swallowtail shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Generally common but localized in northern and southern parts of range. | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis rafinesquei
|
Suttkus, 1991 | Fr
| native | Yazoo shiner (English) | | | | Type Locality: Teoc Creek, trib. To Yalobusha R. at Mississippi hwy 35, Carroll Co., Mississippi, U.S.A (Ref. 40966). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis rubellus
|
(Agassiz, 1850) | Fr, Thr
| native | Rosyface shiner (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from Great Lakes and upper Mississippi drainages and in Red River system of Hudson Bay drainage north to southern Manitoba and Ontario. Also on Atlantic slope south through James River drainage, throughout Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee river drainages, and in Ozark region from lower Missouri drainage south through Red River system of southern Oklahoma (Ref. 10294). Absent in Delaware River drainage and in lowland streams, including those on former Mississippi Embayment in southern Illinois and in northern Missouri (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: Endangered, included on Tennessee's list of Species of Special Concern (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis rubricroceus
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr, M
| native | Saffron shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Clinch and Powell river systems of Virginia, upper Savannah and Santee drainages (Ref. 10294). Transplanted into New River drainage in Virginia and North Carolina (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis rupestris
|
Page, 1987 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bedrock shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.96 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the lower Caney Fork system and nearby tributaries of central Cumberland River drainage in Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Included in the Tennessee's list of Species of Special Concern because of its very restricted range (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis sabinae
|
Jordan & Gilbert, 1886 | Fr
| native | Sabine shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 5.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis scabriceps
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| native | New River shiner (English) | | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis scepticus
|
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1883) | Fr
| native | Sandbar shiner (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common on Piedmont, less common in mountain streams, uncommon on Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis semperasper
|
Gilbert, 1961 | Fr, Thr
| native | Roughhead shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis shumardi
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Br
| native | Silverband shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mississippi westward into the Lavaca Bay drainage of Texas (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis simus
|
(Cope, 1875) | Fr, Thr
| native | Bluntnose shiner (English), Rio Grande bluntnose shiner (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Rio Grande (above El Paso, Texas) in Taxas and New Mexico, and Pecos River in New Mexico. Has disappered over much of its former range due to reduced water levels in the Rio Grande system (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: Notropis simus pecosensis: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4,5; Notropis simus simus: possibly extinct. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis spectrunculus
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| native | Mirror shiner (English) | | 7.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Blue Ridge habitats of upper Tennessee River drainage from Clinch and Powell river systems of Virginia south through Hiwassee River system (Ref. 10294). Common to abundant in North Carolina; more localized elsewhere (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis stilbius
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| native | Silverstripe shiner (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mobile Bay drainage, mostly above the Fall Line, but common below Fall Line in Tombigbee River (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis stramineus
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr
| native | Sand shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 8.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Red Sea system of Hudson Bay drainage, Great Lakes drainage, and much of Mississippi River basin (Ref. 10294). Recorded from Cottonwood River, 8 miles northwest of Durham, Marion County, Kansas (Ref. 27116). Type locality: Detroit River, Grosse Isle, Michigan (Ref. 79012). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis suttkusi
|
Humphries & Cashner, 1994 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Rocky shiner (English), Rocky shiner (English) | | 4.44 cm SL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Little R. at Cow Crossing, 25 km east of Idabel, McCurtain Co., Oklahoma, U.S.A (Ref. 34018).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis telescopus
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| native | Telescope shiner (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 11.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the upland physiographic provinces of the Tennessee and Cumberland drainages except the Nashville Basin; Ozark uplands in Little, St. Francis, and White river systems of southern Missouri and northern Arkansas (Ref. 10294). Transplanted into the upper New River drainage in West Virginia and Virginia (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis texanus
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Weed shiner (English) | | 8.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Salado Creek, Texas (Ref. 79012). Recorded from the Suwannee River drainage of Florida west through the Neuces River drainage of central Texas, mostly below the Fall Line, and extends northward through Arkansas and Missouri into the lower Wabash River system, the Illinois River system, the upper Mississippi River drainage, the central Great Lakes drainage, and the southern portion of the Hudson Bay drainage in northwestern Minnesota (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis topeka
|
(Gilbert, 1884) | Fr, Thr
| native | Topeka shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis uranoscopus
|
Suttkus, 1959 | Fr
| native | Skygazer shiner (English) | | 7.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Fairly common in Cahaba River; uncommon elsewhere (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis volucellus
|
(Cope, 1865) | Fr
| native | Mimic shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the southern Hudson Bay drainage, Great Lakes drainage, and throughout much of Mississippi River basin except for northern Great Plains (Ref. 10294). Transplanted into Connecticut and Housatonic rivers in Massachusetts and Connecticut from Neuse River in North Carolina (Ref. 5723, 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis wickliffi
|
Trautman, 1931 | Fr
| native | Channel shiner (English) | | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality, Mouth of Miami R. at confluence with Ohio R., extreme southwest Miami Township, Hamilton Co., Ohio (Ref. 54621). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Notropis xaenocephalus
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | Coosa shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the upper Alabama River portion of the Mobile Basin (Ref. 10294). One (apparently introduced) population in Chestatee River (upper Chattahoochee River drainage) in Georgia (Ref. 5723). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus albater
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr
| endemic | Ozark madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper White and Little Red river system in Missouri and Arkansas (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus baileyi
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Smoky madtom (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in Citico Creek (Little Tennessee River system) in Monroe County, Tennessee. Formerly known but now extirpated from Abrams Creek (Little Tennessee River system) in Blount County, Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus crypticus
|
Burr, Eisenhour & Grady, 2005 | Fr, Thr
| native | Chucky madtom (English), Chucky madtom (English) | | 6.47 cm SL male/unsexed | | The Chucky Madtom is known from only two streams, both of the French Broad River system of eastern Tennessee; known from a single specimen from Dunn Creek, Sevier County, and from about three stream kilometer of Little Chucky Creek from the mouth of Jackson Branch downstream to Bible Bridge road crossing, Greene County.
The Dunn Creek specimen was collected in 1940 and additional surveys have not yielded additional specimens, and the species may be extirpated from this stream. Surveys of streams with potentially suitable habitat in eastern Tennessee found the species only in a 3-km reach of Little Chucky Creek. Although the area has been intensively sampled for madtoms, by seining and snorkeling, since 1991, success has been sporadic; only 14 specimens have been collected. In May 1991, two (UT 48.724) were collected by TVA personnel at Bible Bridge road crossing; in September 1994, four specimens (3 in SIUC 52380, 1 retained by JMG for genetic analysis) at Bible Bridge Road crossing, and five specimens (1 each in SIUC 52377 and SIUC 52379, 3 for genetic analysis), at the mouth of Jackson Branch. Subsequent surveys targeting madtoms were unsuccessful, but a collection in March 2001 yielded one specimen (UAIC 12430.01). Recently, Conservation Fisheries Inc. personnel collected two specimens in May 2004 that were brought live to their aquaculture facility in Knoxville, Tennessee, with the intent of initiating a captive breeding program. The range of Noturus crypticus, like other madtoms of eastern Tennessee (e.g., N. baileyi and N. flavipinnis) likely has declined. Currently it occupies a tiny range and exists at a very low density (probably less than 100 individuals). The occupied reach of Little Chucky Creek is not pristine, but existing habitat and the fish and mussel faunas suggest the stream has not been substantially altered by anthropogenic influences. Upstream of the occupied reach was observed with greater agricultural impacts, including application of herbicides to remove riparian vegetation and bank erosion and siltation from cattle access to streams. The capacity of the system to absorb sediment without damage to the biotic community may have been reached. If the samples are indicative of population size, the species is vulnerable to a variety of anthropogenic and stochastic events (e.g., drought, disease, floods) (Ref. 56218).
Status of threat: This species should be protected as a federally endangered species. Promoting agricultural practices that minimize siltation and restoring and protecting riparian zones throughout the Little Chucky Creek watershed would preserve its habitat (Ref. 56218).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus elegans
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr
| endemic | Elegant madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Green River drainage in Kentucky and Tennessee; single record from Roaring River (Cumberland River drainage) in Tennessee (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 10294). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus eleutherus
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| endemic | Mountain madtom (English) | | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Ouachita River drainage in Arkansas; Red River drainage in Arkansas and Oklahoma. Locally common. Rare in the main channels of Mississippi and Ohio rivers (Ref. 5723). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus exilis
|
Nelson, 1876 | Fr
| endemic | Slender madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the central portion of the Mississippi River basin, but most abundant in Ozarkian streams (Ref. 10294). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus fasciatus
|
Burr, Eisenhour & Grady, 2005 | Fr, Thr
| native | Saddled madtom (English), Saddled madtom (English) | | 8.50 cm TL male/unsexed | 4.4 SL | Restricted to the Duck River system and two minor tributaries of the lower arm of the Tennessee River, in Hardin and Wayne counties,Tennessee. From observed number of individuals being sampled over the past 15 years, species has disappeared from some sites over the past 10-20 years; severe drought in the late 1980s could have contributed to local extirpation. Low flows during the spawning period (with peak probably in June and July) might have disrupted nesting and reduced recruitment, especially in smaller tributaries lacking permanent spring input. Currently, the largest populations are in the Buffalo River subsystem where streams supplied by perennial springs are common. The population in the mainstem Duck River would likely be extirpated by impounded water that would be created by completion of the Columbia Dam project, as has been proposed; while populations in tributaries of the lower Duck River system would not be dramatically affected. Potential threats such as channelization, removal of riparian vegetation, and agricultural runoff, all common occurrences in eastern North American streams, would result in an overall decrease in water quality. These disturbances have the greatest impact on small, high quality streams, which are critical habitat of Noturus fasciatus. Additionally, the wide variety of complex organic chemicals added to the streams may interfere with the highly developed olfactory sense of this species, disrupting behavioral patterns important for its survival. Other anthropogenic factors include bridge construction, which alters stream hydrology, modifies substrates, and contributes to removal of nesting habitat. During recent status surveys, bridge construction was observed at several historical localities in the Buffalo River subsystem; neither suitable habitat for nor specimens of N. fasciatus were recorded at these sites. Although bridge construction impacts a relatively small area, it could contribute to extirpation of small, disjunct populations and further fragmentation of the range of the species (Ref. 56218).
Status of threat: Noturus fasciatus should be included among the rare animals for the State of Tennessee where management should include educating landowners of the importance of maintaining riparian vegetation and controlling erosion and agricultural waste along streams (Ref. 56218).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus flavater
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Checkered madtom (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus flavipinnis
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Yellowfin madtom (English) | | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 10 | Uncommon to rare. Listed as threatened species by the U.S. Dept. of Interior (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus flavus
|
Rafinesque, 1818 | Fr
| native | Stonecat (English) | common (usually seen) | 31.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus funebris
|
Gilbert & Swain, 1891 | Fr
| endemic | Black madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus furiosus
|
Jordan & Meek, 1889 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Carolina madtom (English) | | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common but populations from upstream localities are disappearing (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus gilberti
|
Jordan & Evermann, 1889 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Orangefin madtom (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Roanoke River (including Dan River) drainage in Virginia and North Carolina; and upper James River in Virginia, where possibly introduced (Ref. 86798). Rare to uncommon (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus gladiator
|
Thomas & Burr, 2004 | Fr, Thr
| native | Piebald madtom (English) | | 10.65 cm SL male/unsexed | | No specimens have been found from the Loosahatchie River since 1954; may have once occurred in the Forked Deer drainage, but is now extirpated due to extensive channelization in that system. In Tennessee, with conservation status rank of S3 (vulnerable); sporadic and perhaps seasonal in abundance, but not rare in Mississippi (Ref. 55397).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus gyrinus
|
(Mitchill, 1817) | Fr, B
| native | Tadpole madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Wallkill River, New York (Ref. 79012). Recorded above Fall Line in Mississippi Basin and Great Lakes and southern Hudson Bay drainages (Ref. 10294). Absent from Appalachian and Ozark Highlands. Transplanted to Snake River in Idaho and Oregon; presumably introduced into Massachusetts and New Hampshire. Considered excellent bait in the country (Ref. 52559). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus hildebrandi
|
(Bailey & Taylor, 1950) | Fr
| endemic | Least madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the tributaries of Mississippi River from North Fork Obion River in southwestern Kentucky to Homochitto River in southern Mississippi (Ref. 5723, 86798). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus insignis
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr, Pr, B
| native | Margined madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Upper Tennessee River drainage in Virginia and Tennessee. Transplanted into Merrimack River in New Hampshire, upper Tennessee River drainage in Virginia and Tennessee. Used as bait for smallmouth bass (Ref. 52559). Chesapeake Bay: common in Coastal Plain streams and rivers and occasionally brackish water (Ref. 93252). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus lachneri
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Ouachita madtom (English) | | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Rare to common in abundance (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus leptacanthus
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| endemic | Speckled madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 10294. | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus maydeni
|
Egge, 2006 | Fr
| endemic | Black River madtom (English), Black River madtom (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 8.06 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Black and St. Francis river drainages of northeastern Arkansas and southeastern Missouri (Ref. 57745). Locally common (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus miurus
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| native | Brindled madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mississippi Basin in Coastal Plain, extending into upland areas in Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee river drainages. Also in uplands west of Mississippi River in White, Arkansas, and Ouachita river systems; and in southern Great Lakes tributaries (Ref. 10294). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus munitus
|
Suttkus & Taylor, 1965 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Frecklebelly madtom (English) | | 9.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common but declining in Mobile Bay drainage, Alabama (Ref. 5723).
Considered to be a threatened species by the U.S. Department of Interior Office of Endangered Species (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: 1). Cahaba River population: vulnerable; status improved since 1989 listing. Criteria: 1,5; 2). Coosa River population: endangered. Criteria: 1,5; 3). Pearl River population: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5; and 4). Tombigbee River population: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus nocturnus
|
Jordan & Gilbert, 1886 | Fr
| endemic | Freckled madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded above and below Fall Line in central and lower Mississippi drainage, and in Gulf Coastal drainages from Mobile Basin to the San Jacinto River, Texas (Ref. 10294). Locally common (Ref. 5723). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus phaeus
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr
| endemic | Brown madtom (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus placidus
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Neosho madtom (English) | | 8.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common; probably extirpated from lower Illinois River (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus stanauli
|
Etnier & Jenkins, 1980 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Pygmy madtom (English) | | 4.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Tennessee River drainage in Tennessee; known only from Clinch River at Frost Ford and Brooks Island in Hancock County and Duck River just above mouth of Hurricane Creek in Humphreys County (Ref. 86798). Uncommon in Clinch River; rare in Duck River (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus stigmosus
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Northern madtom (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Disappearing on edges of range; rare in the main channels of Mississippi and Ohio rivers (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus taylori
|
Douglas, 1972 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Caddo madtom (English) | | 7.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Ictaluridae |
Noturus trautmani
|
Taylor, 1969 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Scioto madtom (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 6.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from Big Darby Creek (Scioto River system) in southern Ohio (Ref. 86798). Last seen in 1957 (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 5723.
Status of threat: extinct; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Umbridae |
Novumbra hubbsi
|
Schultz, 1929 | Fr, Thr
| native | Olympic mudminnow (English) | | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Blenniidae |
Omobranchus ferox
|
(Herre, 1927) | Fr
| introduced | | | 6.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus aguabonita
|
(Jordan, 1892) | Fr
| native | Golden trout (English) | common (usually seen) | 71.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Transplanted to more than 300 mountain lakes and streams in the Sierra Nevada in California, and other Rocky Mountain states amd provinces. Most transplanted populations hybridize with O. mykiss and O. clarki. | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus apache
|
(Miller, 1972) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Apache trout (English) | | 58.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Salt River and Little Colorado River systems (Colorado River drainage) in Arizona (Ref. 5723). Found only at the extreme headwaters of drainage system where highly variable conditions of flooding and drought, anchor ice and wildfire occur (Ref. 32713).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus clarkii
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr, Br, M, Aq, Pr, Thr
| native | Colorado River cutthroat trout (English), Cutthroat trout (English), Colorado River Cutthroat (English) | | 99.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 13.5 TL | Ranges from Washington to California (Ref. 12204). Found in the River drainages (Ref. 81264). Commercially raised in southwestern USA, mainly for introduction into private ponds (Ref. 27547). Protected as threatened subspecies: O. c. stomias in Colorado; O. c. henshawi in Nevada and California; and O. c. seleniris in California. Also Ref. 27436, 27547.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,3,4. Washington population in Crescent Lake: threatened. Criteria: 3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). Also Ref. 96339. | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus gilae
|
(Miller, 1950) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Gila trout (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 32.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Gila River system in New Mexico and Arizona. Transplanted into other streams in western New Mexico and mountain streams in central Arizona. Protected as an endangered species (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Fi
| native | Pink salmon (English), Humpback salmon (English) | | 76.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Pacific drainages from Washington to Sacramento River drainage in California; occasionally as far as La Jolla, southern California (Ref. 86798). The largest producer in most years (Ref. 9988). Translocation from Maine to Maryland failed (Ref. 1998). Also Ref. 2850, 5723, 96339. | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus keta
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Pr, Thr
| native | Chum salmon (English), Keta salmon (English), Red caviar (English) | | 100.00 cm FL male/unsexed | | Ranges from Washington south to Sacramento River drainage in California (ref. 86798). Common in the past (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 2850, 27436, 9988, 11366, 96339.
Status of threat of Columbia River population; Hood Canal summer population; Olympic Peninsula rivers to Dungess Bay: threatened. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus kisutch
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Aq, Pr, Sp, Thr
| native | Coho salmon (English), Hooknose (English), Silver salmon (English), Slivers (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 108 cm TL male/unsexed ;65.50 cm female | | Known from Washington to San Lorenzo River in California (Ref. 86798). Planted in lakes of Washington, Oregon, and California for game fishing (Ref. 27547). Rare in central California (Ref. 86798). Some populations are protected (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 95483, 96339.
Status of threat: 1). Central California coastal population, Humboldt to Santa Cruz counties: endangered. Criteria: 1,2,3,4; 2). Lower Columbia River population: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4; 3). Oregon coastal population: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4; 4). Puget Sound/Strait of Georgia populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,3,4; and 5). Southern Oregon/northern California coastal population: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus mykiss
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Aq, Sp, Thr
| native | Rainbow trout (English), Coast range trout (English), Hardhead (English), Kamloops (English), Redband (English), Salmon trout (English), Steelhead (English) | common (usually seen) | 122 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Pacific Slope from Washington to Otay River drainage in California (Ref. 86798). Type locality: Columbia River at Fort Vancouver, Vancouver, Washington (Ref. 79012). In range Ref. 1998, 2850. Also Ref. 10294, 34358.
Status of threat of the following populations: 1). northern California coastal, central California coastal, California Central Valley, south-central California coastal, lower and middle Columbia River, Snake River basin, upper Willamette River, and Puget Sound populations: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5; 2). southern California and upper Columbia River populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5; and 3). Oregon coastal populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus nerka
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Pr, Thr
| native | Sockeye salmon (English), Blueback salmon (English), Red caviar (English), Red salmon (English) | | 84.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;71.00 cm female | | Landlocked populations are found in Washington, Oregon, and California (Ref. 86798).Kokanee occurs naturally in Washington and Oregon (Ref. 5723); transplanted into Maine, California, Montana, Colorado, Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, North Dakota, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming (Ref. 1998). Common in the north but rare south of Columbia River drainage (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 2850, 9988, 95146. Status of threat: 1). Cultus Lake and Snake River, Idaho populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5; 2). Ozette Lake and tributaries population: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Aq, Sp, Thr
| native | Chinook salmon (English), Blackmouth (English), King salmon (English), Quinnat salmon (English), Spring (English), Tyee (English), Kippered salmon (English), Locks (English), Lox (English), Spring salmon (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 150 cm TL male/unsexed | | Transplanted into the Great Lakes (Ref. 9988). In the past, it was an important part of the native fishery in Washington, Oregon and northern California (Ref. 27547). Not very abundant in Puget Sound, Washington, in 1895 (Ref. 28609). Also Ref. 1998, 2850, 5723, 27436, 46188, 95146, 95155, 95480.
Status of threat of the following populations: 1). California Central Valley spring run populations, California coastal populations, lower Columbia River populations, and upper Willamette River spring run populations: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5; 2). Puget Sound, Snake River spring run, and Snake River fall run populations: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4; 3). California Central Valley fall and late fall run populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5; 4). Upper Columbia River spring run populations and Sacramento River winter run population: endangered. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Opsopoeodus emiliae
|
Hay, 1881 | Fr
| native | Pugnose minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Edisto River drainage in South Carolina to southern Florida and across Gulf Slope to Nueces River drainage in Texas; north in Mississippi River and Great Lakes basins to southeastern Kansas and southeastern Minnesota (Ref. 86798). Generally confined to lowlands and common but declining in parts of range (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Oregonichthys crameri
|
(Snyder, 1908) | Fr, Thr
| native | Oregon chub (English) | | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Willamette River drainage in Oregon (Ref. 86798). Localized and rare due to habitat alteration (Ref. 86798). Previously reported in 1991 to occur commonly in Umpqua River drainage in Oregon (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Oregonichthys kalawatseti
|
Markle, Pearsons & Bills, 1991 | Fr, Thr
| native | Umpquachub (English) | | 5.90 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Umpqua River drainage in Oregon (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 39605.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Cichlidae |
Oreochromis aureus
|
(Steindachner, 1864) | Fr, Br, Sp
| introduced | Blue tilapia (English) | | 45.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Established in the lower Colorado River drainage (Arizona and California), in a cooling impoundment in Buncombe County (North Carolina), in the North Canadian River drainage (Ref. 5723) and the Arkansas River (Oklahoma)(Ref. 54350), and in Texas (Ref. 3, 5723). Also know from peninsular Florida (Ref. 5723), where it is the most abundant fish in the nearshore area of Lake Apopka (Ref. 42273). Reared in geothermal water in Colorado (Ref. 3). Also Ref. 2, 3, 86, 38693. | |
Cichlidae |
Oreochromis mossambicus
|
(Peters, 1852) | Fr, Br, Sp
| introduced | Mozambique mouthbrooder (English), Mozambique tilapia (English), Java tilapia (English), Largemouth kurper (English) | | 39.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from southern parts of the USA (Ref. 52307), including California, Texas (Ref. 2), Florida and Idaho (Ref. 3). Also Ref. 36683, 57426. | |
Cichlidae |
Oreochromis niloticus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Nile tilapia (English), Mozambique tilapia (English) | | 60.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Oreochromis urolepis
|
(Norman, 1922) | Fr
| introduced | Wami tilapia (English), Wami tilapia (English) | | 44.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Occurs in warm weedy ditches and canals (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 6029. | |
Leuciscidae |
Orthodon microlepidotus
|
(Ayres, 1854) | Fr
| native | Sacramento blackfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 55.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Sacramento-San Joaquin, Pajaro and Salinas River drainages, and Clear Lake in California; and Russian River, where possibly introduced. Introduced to Santa Ana River in California and Humboldt River system in Nevada. Abundant in Clear Lake (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 276, 3814, 5723. | No picture yet. |
Adrianichthyidae |
Oryzias latipes
|
(Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) | Fr
| not established | Japanese medaka (English), Rice fish (English), Ricefish (English) | | 4.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Accidentally released from aquaria. Populations were recorded from California and New York but eventually disappeared from California and was eradicated by the cold spell in New York in 1978 (Ref. 6029). | |
Osmeridae |
Osmerus dentex
|
Steindachner & Kner, 1870 | Fr, Br, M, Sp
| native | Arctic smelt (English), Pacific rainbow smelt (English), Rainbow smelt (English) | | 34.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Ranges south to New Jersey (Ref. 27547). Sport catches in the U.S. are estimated to equal or exceed the commercial landings (Ref. 27547). | |
Osmeridae |
Osmerus mordax
|
(Mitchill, 1814) | Fr, Br, M, Fi
| native | Atlantic rainbow smelt (English), Rainbow smelt (English) | common (usually seen) | 35.60 cm TL male/unsexed | 15 TL | Known from the Atlantic drainages from Maine to Delaware River in Pennsylvania, USA and west through Great lakes (Ref. 86798). Introduced to Lake Superior in the early 1930s. Reached commercially harvestable levels by 1952 and eventually replaced lake herring as the dominant planktivore. In 1970, its decline led to the increase in lake herring population (Ref. 9041). Also Ref. 6793, 10294, 96339. | |
Osmeridae |
Osmerus spectrum
|
Cope, 1870 | Fr
| native | Pygmy smelt (English), Pigmy smelt (English) | | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Parachromis managuensis
|
(Günther, 1867) | Fr
| introduced | Jaguar guapote (English), Aztec cichlid (English), Jaguar cichlid (English), Tiger guapote (English) | | 55.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Established in a warm spring pool and nearby pond near St. George, Washington County in Utah (Ref. 5723). | |
Leuciscidae |
Pararhinichthys bowersi
|
(Goldsborough & Clark, 1908) | Fr
| native | Cheat minnow (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Pelmatolapia mariae
|
(Boulenger, 1899) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Spotted tilapia (English) | | 32.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Perca flavescens
|
(Mitchill, 1814) | Fr, Fi, Lf, Sp
| native | Yellow perch (English), Lake perch (English), Perch (English) | common (usually seen) | 50.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 18.8 TL | Widely transplanted elsewhere. Collected from Lake Andrusia (Mississippi River), Beltrami County, Minnesota (Ref. 41482). A popular fish sold in live fish markets. Found in 1 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 9988, 1998, 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina antesella
|
Williams & Etnier, 1977 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Amber darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Conasauga and Etowah rivers (in Coosa River system) in southeastern Tennessee and northern Georgia (Ref. 5723). May be extirpated in Etowah River; extremely localized in Conasauga River (Coosa-Mobile Drainage, Bradley County, Tennessee, Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina apina
|
Near & Simmons, 2017 | Fr
| native | | | 13.70 cm SL male/unsexed ;13.43 cm SL female | | It is known from Duck River system and Whiteoak Creek, Western Highland Rim in Tennessee. It is mostly widespread in the Buffalo River basin and occupies two other Duck River tributaries, Hurricane Creek and Big Swan Creek. There are two collection records of this species in the Eastern Highland Rim, but no individuals have been recorded since 1977. It is likely extirpated from the upper Duck River system (Ref. 116752). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina apristis
|
(Hubbs & Hubbs, 1954) | Fr
| native | Guadalupe darter (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Guadalupe River system in Texas (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina aurantiaca
|
(Cope, 1868) | Fr
| endemic | Tangerine darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Emory River (Tennessee River), Morgan County, Tennessee (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina aurolineata
|
Suttkus & Ramsey, 1967 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Goldline darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Coosa and Cahaba River systems (in Mobile Bay drainage) in Georgia and Alabama (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Percina aurora
|
Suttkus & Thompson, 1994 | Fr, Thr
| native | Pearl darter (English) | | | | Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina austroperca
|
Thompson, 1995 | Fr, Thr
| native | Southern logperch (English) | | | | Known from Big Escambia Creek (Escambia River-Gulf of Mexico), Escambia County, Alabama (Ref. 41482). Type locality, Holmes Creek, trib. to Choctawhatchee R., near New Hope chruch, Washington Co., Florida.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina bimaculata
|
Haldeman, 1844 | Fr, Thr
| native | Chesapeake logperch (English) | | | | Known from the Chesapeake Bay drainages (Ref. 81264).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina brevicauda
|
Suttkus & Bart, 1994 | Fr, Thr
| native | Coal darter (English) | | | | Known from the Mobile Bay ecoregion (Ref. 81264).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina brucethompsoni
|
Robison, Cashner, Raley & Near, 2014 | Fr
| native | Ouachita darter (English) | | 9.02 cm SL male/unsexed ;8.23 cm SL female | | Known only from the Ouachita River system in the Ouachita Highlands of Arkansas. Presently found in the Ouachita River and two of its major western tributaries, the Caddo and Little Missouri Rivers, with the densest populations being found in a 40 km stretch of the Ouachita River above the headwaters of the Lake Ouachita impoundment. Never abundant at any single locality. Confined only to the relatively small area of the upper Ouachita River drainage. Due to its small small population sizes and low densities at individual sites, effective conservation of this species may require a protection status and management plan from appropriate state and federal governmental agencies (Ref. 102809). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina burtoni
|
Fowler, 1945 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Blotchside darter (English), Blotchside logperch (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 16.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Tennessee and Cumberland River drainages in Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky and Tennessee. Extremely rare in Tennessee River drainage; probably extirpated in Cumberland River drainage (Ref. 5723). Collected from Buffalo River (Tennessee River), Wayne County (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Percina caprodes
|
(Rafinesque, 1818) | Fr
| native | Logperch (English) | common (usually seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Atlantic Slope drainages from Hudson River in New York to Potomac River in Maryland; Gulf Slope drainages from Choctawhatchee River in Alabama and Florida to Mississippi River in Louisiana. Common, but rare in Atlantic drainages (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina carbonaria
|
(Baird & Girard, 1853) | Fr
| endemic | Texas logperch (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Rio Salado (6km W San Antonio), Texas (Ref. 79012). Occurs in Brazos River, San Antonio Bay (including minor coastal drainages west of mouth of Colorado River to mouth of Nueces River); also reported from the Bosque River and Leon River watersheds within the Middle Brazos River Basin (Ref. 79012). | |
Percidae |
Percina copelandi
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | Channel darter (English) | | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Most common west of Mississippi River in Red, Ouachita and Arkansas River drainages (Ref. 5723). Collected from Green River (Ohio River), Green County, Kentucky (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina crassa
|
(Jordan & Brayton, 1878) | Fr
| endemic | Piedmont darter (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in Cape Fear River and on Piedmont; uncommon on Coastal Plain (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Percina crypta
|
Freeman, Freeman & Burkhead, 2008 | Fr
| endemic | | | 7.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Percina cymatotaenia
|
(Gilbert & Meek, 1887) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bluestripe darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Gasconade and Osage River drainages in southern central Missouri (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina evides
|
(Jordan & Copeland, 1877) | Fr
| endemic | Gilt darter (English) | | 9.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common but extirpated from much of former range, including all of Ohio, Iowa and Illinois (Ref. 5723). Collected from Green River (Ohio River), Green County, Kentucky (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina fulvitaenia
|
Morris & Page, 1981 | Fr
| native | Ozark logperch (English) | | | | Type locality, Big Piney R., 5 km west of Houston, Texas Co., Missouri (Ref. 54621). | |
Percidae |
Percina gymnocephala
|
Beckham, 1980 | Fr
| endemic | Appalachia darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 9.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Percina jenkinsi
|
Thompson, 1985 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Conasauga logperch (English) | | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Conasauga River (in Alabama River system) in Tennessee and Georgia. Uncommon in extremely small range (Ref. 5723). Collected from Conasauga River (Coosa-Mobile Bay), Whitfield County, Georgia (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina kathae
|
Thompson, 1997 | Fr
| native | Mobile logperch (English) | | | | | |
Percidae |
Percina kusha
|
Williams & Burkhead, 2007 | Fr, Thr
| native | Bridled darter (English), Bridled Darter (English) | | 6.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found only in the headwaters of the Coosa River in Georgia and Tennessee. It occurs in the main channel of the upper reaches of the Conasauga River in Murray and Whitfield counties, Georgia, and Bradley and Polk counties, Tennessee. It is also known from short reaches of three tributaries to the Conasauga River: Holly Creek, Murray County, Georgia; and Ball Play and Minnewauga creeks, Polk County, Tennessee. In the Etowah River it occurs in the main channel in Dawson and Lumpkin counties, Georgia, and in several tributaries: Amicalola, Little Amicalola, Cochran and Shoal creeks, Dawson County, Georgia (Ref. 58738).
Status of threat: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Percina lenticula
|
Richards & Knapp, 1964 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Freckled darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs only in Mobile Bay, Pascagoula River and Pearl River drainages of Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina macrocephala
|
(Cope, 1867) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Longhead darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Ohio River basin from New York and North Carolina, and west to western central Kentucky and Tennessee (Ref. 5723). Known from Little River (Tennessee River), Blount County, Tennessee (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status improved since 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Percina macrolepida
|
Stevenson, 1971 | Fr
| native | Bigscale logperch (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common; localized and uncommon in Rio Grande drainage (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Percina maculata
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr
| native | Blackside darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | One of the most common and widespread darters (Ref. 5723, 10294). Known from Dismal Creek (Kaskaskia River-Mississippi River), Fayette County, Illinois (Ref. 41482). | |
Percidae |
Percina nasuta
|
(Bailey, 1941) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Longnose darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Ozark and Ouachita Uplands (St. Francis, White, Arkansas and Ouachita River drainages) in Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina nevisense
|
(Cope, 1870) | Fr
| native | Chainback darter (English) | | | | | |
Percidae |
Percina nigrofasciata
|
(Agassiz, 1854) | Fr
| endemic | Blackbanded darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Most common darter throughout most of its range, but absent in St. Marys and Satilla rivers in southeastern Georgia, and rare in Altamaha River in Georgia (Ref. 5723). Collected from Burnt Corn Creek (Escambia River-Gulf of Mexico), Escambia County, Alabama (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina notogramma
|
(Raney & Hubbs, 1948) | Fr
| endemic | Stripeback darter (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 8.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from South Anna River (York River-Atlantic Ocean) (Ref. 41482). | |
Percidae |
Percina oxyrhynchus
|
(Hubbs & Raney, 1939) | Fr
| endemic | Sharpnose darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Licking River (Ohio River) (Ref. 41482). | |
Percidae |
Percina palmaris
|
(Bailey, 1940) | Fr
| endemic | Bronze darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Hillabee Creek (Tallapoosa River-Mobile Bay), Tallapoosa County, Alabama (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina pantherina
|
(Moore & Reeves, 1955) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Leopard darter (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 9.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in Little River system (in Red River drainage) of southwestern Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma (Ref. 5723). Recorded from Big Eagle Creek (Red River) (Ref. 41482).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Percina peltata
|
(Stauffer, 1864) | Fr
| endemic | Shield darter (English) | | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Most widespread and common black-striped darter of Atlantic drainages (Ref. 5723). | |
Percidae |
Percina phoxocephala
|
(Nelson, 1876) | Fr
| endemic | Slenderhead darter (English) | | 9.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in some parts of its range (Ref. 5723). Collected from Embarrass River (Wabash River-Ohio River) (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina rex
|
(Jordan & Evermann, 1889) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Roanoke logperch (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found only in the upper Roanoke, upper Dan and upper Chowan River systems (in Roanoke River drainage) in Virginia (Ref. 5723). Known from Roanoke River (Atlantic Ocean) (Ref. 41482).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Percidae |
Percina roanoka
|
(Jordan & Jenkins, 1889) | Fr
| endemic | Roanoke darter (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Percidae |
Percina sciera
|
(Swain, 1883) | Fr
| endemic | Dusky darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 5.5 SL | Recorded from the Gulf Coastal drainages, from the Tombigbee River portion of Mobile Basin west through the Guadalupe River, Texas, and extending up the Mississippi River basin to northern Indiana and central Ohio (Ref. 10294). Known from Strong River (Pearl River-Gulf of Mexico), Simpson County, Mississippi (Ref. 41482). | |
Percidae |
Percina shumardi
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr
| native | River darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common; most common darter in very large rivers, including the Mississippi (Ref. 5723). Collected from Mississippi River (Gulf of Mexico), Jo Daviess County, Illinois; also in Big Muddy River, Jackson County (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina sipsi
|
Williams & Neely, 2007 | Fr, Thr
| native | Bankhead darter (English), Bankhead Darter (English) | | 5.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found only in Sipsey Fork of the Black Warrior River in the Bankhead National Forest in northwestern Alabama. It occurs in Borden Creek in Lawrence County, and Brushy Creek, Caney Creek, and Sipsey Fork (recorded as West Fork Sipsey River on some maps) in Winston County. While the current known range of P. sipsi is very limited and confined downstream by Lewis Smith Reservoir, historically it is possible that the species ranged farther downstream in the Sipsey Fork and conceivably in the Locust and Mulberry forks of the Black Warrior River, which are all located in the Cumberland Plateau physiographic province. Riverine habitat in the lower reaches of the Sipsey Fork was destroyed in 1960 by the Alabama Power Company impoundment behind Lewis Smith Dam. The current distribution of P. sipsi represents the most restricted range of any known species of Percina (Ref. 58738).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina smithvanizi
|
Williams & Walsh, 2007 | Fr, Thr
| native | Muscadine Darter (English) | | 6.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | Occurs only in streams draining the region above the Fall Line in the Tallapoosa River system. It is widely distributed above the Fall Line except it is absent in upper reaches of the Little Tallapoosa River in Georgia (Ref. 58738).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina squamata
|
(Gilbert & Swain, 1887) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Olive darter (English) | | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the middle Cumberland River drainage (Big South Fork and Rockcastle River) in Kentucky and Tennessee, and in the upper Tennessee River drainage in North Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia (Ref. 5723 ). Recorded from the upland rivers primarily in the Blue Ridge and Cumberland Plateau portions of the upper Tennessee and Cumberland river drainages (Ref. 10294). Collected from Daddys Creek (Tennessee River) (Ref. 41482). Localized but relatively common in a few streams (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina stictogaster
|
Burr & Page, 1993 | Fr
| native | Frecklebelly darter (English) | | | | Type locality, Kentucky (Ref. 33021). | |
Percidae |
Percina suttkusi
|
Thompson, 1997 | Fr, Br
| native | Gulf logperch (English) | | | | Known from Bogue Chitto River (Pearl River-Gulf of Mexico) (Ref. 41482). | |
Percidae |
Percina tanasi
|
Etnier, 1976 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Snail darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs only in upper Tennessee River drainage of eastern Tennessee and northern Georgia. Localized distribution (Ref. 5723). Collected from French Broad River (Tennessee River), Knox County, Tennessee (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina uranidea
|
(Jordan & Gilbert, 1887) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Stargazing darter (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in St. Francis, White and Ouachita River drainages in Missouri, Arkansas and Louisiana, USA. Formerly in lower Wabash River in Indiana and Illinois. Localized distribution (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percidae |
Percina vigil
|
(Hay, 1882) | Fr
| endemic | Saddleback darter (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common but somewhat localized (Ref. 5723). Collected from Bayou de Chien (Mississippi River), Hickman County, Kentucky (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Percidae |
Percina williamsi
|
Page & Near, 2007 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Sickle darter (English) | | 9.05 cm SL female | | Occurs only in the upper Tennessee River drainage of Tennessee, Virginia and North Carolina. Recorded from the French Broad system of Tennessee and North Carolina, the Emory River system in Tennessee, and the Holston and Clinch River systems in Tennessee and Virginia. Considered extirpated in North Carolina, rare in Virginia and threatened in Tennessee (Ref. 75766).
Status of threat: threatened. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Percopsidae |
Percopsis omiscomaycus
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr
| native | Trout-perch (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 11.45 TL | Locally common in lakes; uncommon throughout most of range (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 27547. | |
Percopsidae |
Percopsis transmontana
|
(Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1892) | Fr, Br
| endemic | Sand roller (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 9.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | | No picture yet. |
Cyprinidae |
Pethia gelius
|
(Hamilton, 1822) | Fr
| introduced | Dwarf barb (English), Golden barb (English), Golden dwarf barb (English) | | 5.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | A few specimens were taken from Lake Worth Drainage District canal L-15, adjacent to a fish farm in Palm Beach County, Florida, in 1969 and 1970 (Ref. 10757 and 10768). Also Ref. 74657. | |
Petromyzontidae |
Petromyzon marinus
|
Linnaeus, 1758 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Sea lamprey (English), Eel sucker (English), Green lamprey (English), Lamper (English), Lamprey eel (English), Nine eyes (English), Shad lamprey (English), Spotted lamprey (English), Sucker (English) | | 120 cm TL male/unsexed | | East and West North Atlantic Ocean: Lake Superior Basin, Michigan; Lake Michigan Basin, Wisconsin, Michigan (Carp Lake, Betsie, Muskegon, Pentwater, Pine, and Platte rivers), Illinois, and Indiana; Lake Huron Basin, Michigan (Devils, East Au Gres, and Rifle rivers); Lake Erie Basin, New York, Ohio, Michigan; Lake Ontario Basin, New York; St. Lawrence River Basin (New York and Vermont) and along the eastern coast of the USA (New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, South Carolina, Florida) from Newfoundland down to Florida and into the Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 89241). Individuals with access to ocean are anadromous. Spawning adults occur in gravel riffles and runs of streams. Feeding adults are found in ocean and lakes (Ref. 86798). A serious pest in landlocked areas (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 7251, 27549. | |
Leuciscidae |
Phenacobius catostomus
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| endemic | Riffle minnow (English), Rifle minnow (English) | | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mobile Bay drainage in southeastern Tennessee, northwestern Georgia and Alabama (Ref. 86798). Local and uncommon in Tallapoosa and Black Warrior River systems, fairly common in Coosa and Cahaba River systems (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Phenacobius crassilabrum
|
Minckley & Craddock, 1962 | Fr
| endemic | Fatlips minnow (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 11.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Tennessee River drainage from South Fork Holston River in Virginia to Little Tennessee River in Georgia; extreme upper Savannah River drainage in North Carolina, South Caroline and Georgia (Ref. 86798). Museum: Elk River (tributary of Watauga River), Carter County, Tennessee, Michigan Museum of Zoology No. 179151 (holotype, 8.8 cm SL, female); UMMZ 157418 (paratypes). Roan Creek, Johnson County, UMMZ 157434. North Carolina, Great Smokey Mountains Park, Ocanoluftee R., UMMZ 129549; I mile S Ravensford, UMMZ 163300 (Ref. 12962). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Phenacobius mirabilis
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| endemic | Suckermouth minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Mississippi River basin from Ohio and West Virginia to Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico, and from southeast Minnesota to northern Alabama and northern Texas; western Lake Erie drainage in Ohio and Michigan; isolated populations in Gulf drainages (Sabine River in Louisiana and Texas; Trinity and Colorado River in Texas; Pecos River in New Mexico) (Ref. 86798). Common throughout most of its range; rare in Gulf drainages (Ref. 5723, 86798). Type locality: Arkansas River, Fort Smith, Arkansas (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Phenacobius teretulus
|
Cope, 1867 | Fr
| endemic | Kanawha minnow (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 10.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from New (upper Kanawha) River drainage in West Virginia, Virginia and North Carolina (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Phenacobius uranops
|
Cope, 1867 | Fr
| endemic | Stargazing minnow (English) | | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Green, middle Cumberland, and Tennessee River drainages in Kentucky, Virginia, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama. Common only in upper Tennessee and Green River drainages (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723,10294. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Pimephales notatus
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr
| native | Bluntnose minnow (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the Mississippi Basin and adjacent drainages of the Great Lakes and middle Atlantic regions (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Pimephales promelas
|
Rafinesque, 1820 | Fr, B
| native | Fathead minnow (English), Black-head minnow (English), Rosey reds (English) | common (usually seen) | 10.10 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced through bait-bucket releases in Mobile Bay drainage in Alabama, Colorado River drainage in Arizona and New Mexico, and elsewhere. Bred in Arkansas for bait (Ref. 26870). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Pimephales tenellus
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Slim minnow (English) | | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common in northwestern part of its range (Ref. 5723). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Pimephales vigilax
|
(Baird & Girard, 1853) | Fr
| native | Bullhead minnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Otter Creek, Oklahoma (Ref. 79012). Recorded throughout the Mississippi River and Mobile basins west to the Rio Grande (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Plagopterus argentissimus
|
Cope, 1874 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Woundfin (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 10.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in Virgin and Gila River systems (both lower Colorado River drainage). Now existing only in the Gila River system where it is extremely rare (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 26186.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Pleuronectidae |
Platichthys flesus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br, M
| not established | European flounder (English), Flounder (English), Fluke (English) | | 60.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Through ballast water. Not known to be established (Ref. 1739). | |
Leuciscidae |
Platygobio gracilis
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr, Br
| native | Flathead chub (English) | | 32.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Missouri-Mississippi River basin from Montana to Louisiana; Arkansas River drainage in Kansas, Oklahoma, Colorado, Texas and New Mexico; and Upper Rio Grande (including Pecos) drainage in New Mexico (Ref. 86798). Common around norhern part of its range; restricted to Mississippi River proper in Missouri, Illinois, and south (Ref. 86798). Preferred bait fish for blue catfish in Iowa (Ref. 1998). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Poeciliidae |
Poecilia formosa
|
(Girard, 1859) | Fr, Br
| native | Amazon molly (English) | | 9.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Common in the lower Rio Grande Valley (Ref. 5723). | |
Poeciliidae |
Poecilia kykesis
|
Poeser, 2002 | Fr
| not established | | | 13.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;10.00 cm SL female | | It has been reported from Florida and has been suggested that introduced populations may have survived for brief periods and possibly reproduced but did not succeed as no established populations are known. A probable aquaculture escape or aquarium release could have been the means of introduction but no impacts of its introduction are currently known (Ref. 10757). | |
Poeciliidae |
Poecilia latipinna
|
(Lesueur, 1821) | Fr, Br, M, Or
| native | Sailfin molly (English) | | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;10.00 cm TL female | | Type locality: Lake Ponchartrain, New Orleans, Louisiana (Ref. 79012). Transplanted elsewhere in western USA. A popular aquarium fish, found in 80% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Observed in hundreds in the Mangroves of Florida (Sailfin Molly, pers.comm. 09/2015; http://fishbase.us/fbforum/admin/view_topic.php?id=6341). Also Ref. 7251. | |
Poeciliidae |
Poecilia latipunctata
|
Meek, 1904 | Fr
| introduced | Broadspotted molly (English), Tamesi molly (English) | | 5.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm TL female | | | |
Poeciliidae |
Poecilia mexicana
|
Steindachner, 1863 | Fr
| introduced | Shortfin molly (English), Atlantic molly (English), Orangefin molly (English) | | 11.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Established in a drainage canal south of Mecca, Riverside County, California; Bureau Hot Springs, Owyhee County, Idaho; and in springs and the Moapa River, Clark and Lincoln counties, Nevada (Ref. 5723). | |
Poeciliidae |
Poecilia reticulata
|
Peters, 1859 | Fr, Or
| introduced | Guppy (English) | | 5.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm SL female | | A popular aquarium fish, found in 95% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 1739. | |
Poeciliidae |
Poeciliopsis gracilis
|
(Heckel, 1848) | Fr
| introduced | Porthole livebearer (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Established south of Mecca, Riverside County in California (Ref. 5723). | |
Poeciliidae |
Poeciliopsis occidentalis
|
(Baird & Girard, 1853) | Fr, Thr
| native | Gila topminnow (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Gila River system in New Mexico and Arizona (Ref. 5723). Once considered the most abundant `low desert' fish in USA; reported extirpated in New Mexico, rare in Arizona (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat of the Gila River population: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Pogonichthys ciscoides
|
Hopkirk, 1974 | Fr, Thr
| extirpated | Clear Lake splittail (English) | | 36.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Previously found in Clear Lake and tributaries in Lake County in California (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: extinct (Ref. 86798). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Pogonichthys macrolepidotus
|
(Ayres, 1854) | Fr, Br, Thr
| native | Splittail (English), Sacramento splittail (English) | | 44.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Formerly found throughout the Sacramento-San Joaquin River drainage in California; now mostly in San Francisco Bay Delta and lower Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers (Ref. 86798).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Polyodontidae |
Polyodon spathula
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Fi, Sp, Thr
| native | Paddlefish (English), Mississippi paddlefish (English) | | 221 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Mississippi River basin from southwestern New York to Montana and south to Louisiana; Gulf Slope drainagaes from Mobile Bay in Alabama, to Galveston Bay in Texas. Formerly in Great Lakes basin, probably extirpated (Ref. 86798). Also 276, 5723, 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Centrarchidae |
Pomoxis annularis
|
Rafinesque, 1818 | Fr, Sp
| native | White crappie (English), Speckled perch (English), Crappie (English) | common (usually seen) | 53.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Widely transplanted elsewhere (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Centrarchidae |
Pomoxis nigromaculatus
|
(Lesueur, 1829) | Fr, Lf, Sp
| native | Black crappie (English), Crappie (English) | | 49.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Widely introduced all over the country. Presumably naturally occurring in the Atlantic Slope from Virginia to Florida, Gulf Slope west to Texas, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins south to the Gulf. Usually seen in lowlands; rarely encountered in uplands (Ref. 86798). Found in 1 out of 6 live fish markets near the Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 1998, 10294. | |
Pristidae |
Pristis microdon
|
Latham, 1794 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Largetooth sawfish (English) | | 700 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Salmonidae |
Prosopium abyssicola
|
(Snyder, 1919) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bear Lake whitefish (English) | | 28.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Lake Bear, southeast Idaho and northern Utah (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Salmonidae |
Prosopium coulterii
|
(Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1892) | Fr
| native | Pygmy whitefish (English) | | 28.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 27547. | |
Salmonidae |
Prosopium cylindraceum
|
(Pennant, 1784) | Fr, Br
| native | Round whitefish (English), Menominee (English) | common (usually seen) | 59.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 25.5 TL | Also Ref. 276, 1998, 5723, 27547. | |
Salmonidae |
Prosopium gemmifer
|
(Snyder, 1919) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bonneville cisco (English) | | 22.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Bear Lake in southeastern Idaho and northern Utah (Ref. 81264).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Salmonidae |
Prosopium spilonotus
|
(Snyder, 1919) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bonneville whitefish (English) | | 56.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Bear Lake, southeast Idaho and northern Utah (Ref. 81264).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264).
=AFS and WWF's ecoregion: | No picture yet. |
Salmonidae |
Prosopium williamsoni
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr
| native | Mountain whitefish (English), Rocky Mountain whitefish (English) | | 70.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs in the Lahotan Basin, Nevada and other northwestern states (Ref. 1998). | |
Gobiidae |
Proterorhinus marmoratus
|
(Pallas, 1814) | Fr
| introduced | Tubenose goby (English) | | 11.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Introduced with ballast water into Great Lakes, Michigan, and Ontario (Ref. 4537). | |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis euryzonus
|
(Suttkus, 1955) | Fr
| endemic | Broadstripe shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the middle Chattahoochee River drainage in Georgia and Alabama (Lee County, Alabama and Talbot County, Georgia, south to Houston County, Alabama) (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 40813. | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis grandipinnis
|
(Jordan, 1877) | Fr
| native | Apalachee shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 5.30 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.90 cm SL female | | Known from Apalachicola River drainage in Georgia, Alabama and Florida, USA (but absent in Chattahoochee River system north of Cedar Creek in Houston County, Alabama) (Ref. 86798). Restricted to the Apalachicola River drainage; tributaries to the east and west side of the river and is present in many Chipola River tributaries in Florida and extreme SE Alabama. Also occurs in the tributaries of the Flint R. from its mouth upstream to the Fall Line Hills in Taylor County, Georgia; and, few tributaries of Chattahoochee River in SE Alabama (Ref. 40813). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis hubbsi
|
(Bailey & Robison, 1978) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bluehead shiner (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Ouachita and Red River drainage lowlands of southern Arkansas, Louisiana and northeastern Texas, USA; and Wolf Lake, southwest Illinois (Ref. 86798). Local and uncommon (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 5723, 52299.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis hypselopterus
|
(Günther, 1868) | Fr
| endemic | Sailfin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Below Fall Line in Gulf drainages from St. Andrews Bay in Florida to Mobile Bay in Alabama; absent in Choctawhatchee River system above mouth of Pea River, Alabama (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723, 40813. | |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis merlini
|
(Suttkus & Mettee, 2001) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Orangetail shiner (English), Orangetail shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 5.40 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.50 cm SL female | | Known from Choctawhatchee River system above confluence with Pea River in Alabama (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 40813.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis metallicus
|
(Jordan & Meek, 1884) | Fr
| native | Metallic shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the Atlantic and Gulf drainages from St. Marys River in Georgia and Florida to New River in Florida panhandle, South in Florida to Alafia River system (Tampa Bay drainage) (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 40813. | |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis signipinnis
|
(Bailey & Suttkus, 1952) | Fr
| endemic | Flagfin shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Coastal Plain from Apalachicola River drainage in Florida to to Lake Pontchartrain drainage in Louisiana (Ref. 86798). Locally abundant (Ref. 5723, 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis stonei
|
(Fowler, 1921) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Lowland shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.60 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Below Fall Line from Little Lynches River system (Peedee River drainage) in South Carolina to Satilla River drainage in Georgia (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 40813, 81264.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Pteronotropis welaka
|
(Evermann & Kendall, 1898) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Bluenose shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the middle St. Johns River drainage in Florida; Gulf drainages (mostly below Fall Line) from Apalachicola River in Georgia and Florida to Pearl River in Mississippi and Louisiana (Ref. 86798). Locally common (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 5723, 52299.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Loricariidae |
Pterygoplichthys ambrosettii
|
(Holmberg, 1893) | Fr
| introduced | Parana sailfin catfish (English), Snow pleco (English), Southern sailfin catfish (English), Royal plec (English) | | 54.90 cm TL male/unsexed ;55.00 cm TL female | | | |
Loricariidae |
Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus
|
(Weber, 1991) | Fr
| introduced | Vermiculated sailfin catfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 70.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Relatively abundant in several natural streams - Hillsborough River drainage, Florida; Pearl River, Mississippi; Julian reservior, North Carolina; Long Lake, Washington, etc. May have a significant impact on the aquatic food base negatively affecting native invertebrate and vertebrate species (Nico, personal observations Ref. 56962). Reported to attach to endangered native manatees (Trachechus manatus latirostris) and graze on the epibiota of their skin, adverse impact on manatees uncertain (Ref. 82066). | |
Loricariidae |
Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus
|
(Hancock, 1828) | Fr
| introduced | Orinoco sailfin catfish (English), Sailfin catfish (English), Radiated ptero (English), Sailfish catfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 50.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Ptychocheilus grandis
|
(Ayres, 1854) | Fr
| native | Sacramento pikeminnow (English), Sacramento pikeminnow (English), Sacramento squawfish (English) | | 140 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Sacramento-San Joaquin, Pajaro-Salinas, Russian and Clear Lake drainages in California. Introduced elsewhere in California, including Eel River and tributaries to Morro Bay (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Leuciscidae |
Ptychocheilus lucius
|
Girard, 1856 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Colorado pikeminnow (English), Colorado pikeminnow (English), Colorado squawfish (English) | | 180 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Colorado River drainage in Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California. Now mostly restricted to Utah and Colorado; and extirpated from the southern portion of the range by the construction of large dams (Ref. 86798).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Ptychocheilus oregonensis
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr
| native | Northern pikeminnow (English), Northern pikeminnow (English), Northern squawfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 63.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 276, 3814, 86798. | |
Leuciscidae |
Ptychocheilus umpquae
|
Snyder, 1908 | Fr
| native | Umpqua pikeminnow (English), Umpqua pikeminnow (English), Umpqua squawfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 44.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Nown from the Umpqua and Siuslaw River drainages in Oregon (Ref. 5723, 86798). Also Ref. 276, 3814. | |
Gasterosteidae |
Pungitius pungitius
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Ninespine stickleback (English) | common (usually seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 7251, 27547. | |
Ictaluridae |
Pylodictis olivaris
|
(Rafinesque, 1818) | Fr, Br, Fi, Sp
| native | Flathead catfish (English), Catfish (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 155 cm TL male/unsexed | 43.2 | Known from the Lower Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from western Pennsylvania to White-Little Missouri River system in North Dakota, and south to Louisiana; and Gulf Slope from Mobile Bay drainage in Georgia and Alabama (Ref. 86798). Occurs in Big Blue, Neosho rivers, Kansas (Ref. 3987) and occasionally in Chesapeake watershed (tidal portion of the James River) (Ref. 27549). A recreational fishery exists in the country (Ref. 52559). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Relictus solitarius
|
Hubbs & Miller, 1972 | Fr, Thr
| native | Relict dace (English) | | 13.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Lakes Franklin, Gale, Waring, Steptoe, and Spring basins in eastern Nevada. Common in limited range (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys atratulus
|
(Hermann, 1804) | Fr
| native | Blacknose dace (English), Eastern blacknose dace (English), Eastern blacknose dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Atlantic, Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, Mississippi River, and upper Mobile Bay drainages (Ref. 86798). Recorded from uplands of the Ohio, Cumberland, Tennessee, and upper Mississippi drainages (Ref. 10294). | |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys cataractae
|
(Valenciennes, 1842) | Fr, Aq, B
| native | Longnose dace (English), Great Lakes longnose dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 22.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from coast to coast in Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia and in Rocky Mountains south into Rio Grande drainage of Texas (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the Blue Ridge region (Ref. 10294). Used as bait for bass and catfish in Iowa (Ref. 1998). Artificially propagated in Minnesota in long narrow ponds having weak water flow (Ref. 1998). Also Ref. 3881. | |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys cobitis
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| native | Loach minnow (English), Loach nimmow (English) | common (usually seen) | 6.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Gila River system in New Mexico and Arizona, and San Pedro River in Arizona. Locally common in New Mexico, uncommon in Arizona (Ref. 86798). Protected as a threatened species (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys deaconi
|
Miller, 1984 | Fr, Thr
| extirpated | Las Vegas dace (English), Las Vegas dace (English) | | 7.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Formerly found in springs and outflows along Las Vegas Creek in Nevada (Ref. 5723, 86798). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: extinct. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys evermanni
|
Snyder, 1908 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Umpqua dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Umpqua River drainage in Oregon (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys falcatus
|
(Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1893) | Fr
| native | Leopard dace (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Columbia River drainage in Washington, Oregon and Idaho (Ref. 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys obtusus
|
Agassiz, 1854 | Fr
| native | Western blacknose dace (English), Western blacknose dace (English), Naseux noir de l'ouest (English) | | 8.00 cm NG male/unsexed | | Found in Spring Branch, Tennessee R., near Huntsville, Madison Co., Alabama (Ref. 54621). | |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys osculus
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, B, Thr
| native | Speckled dace (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Most ubiquitous fish in western USA. Occurs in many isolated western drainages and has diversified tremendously. Treated as a complex of subspecies, but its morphological variations and distribution are poorly known. The following are protected as endangered subspecies: Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis in Ash Meadows, Nevada; Rhinichthys osculus oligoporus in Clover Valley, Nevada; Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus in Independence Valley, Nevada; and Rhinichthys osculus thermalis in Kendall Warm Springs, Wyoming. The Foskett speckled dace, Rhinichthys osculus subspecies, in Foskett Spring, Warner Basin, Oregon is also protected as threatened subspecies (Ref. 86798). Of some importance as forage species and widely used as bait fish. Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat of the following subspecies: 1). Rhinichthys osculus lariversi: endangered. Criteria: 1,4,5; 2). Rhinichthys osculus lethoporus, Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis, and Rhinichthys osculus oligoporus: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5; 3). Rhinichthys osculus moapae: threatened; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,3,4; 4). Rhinichthys osculus reliquus: extinct. Criteria: 1,4,5; 5). Rhinichthys osculus thermalis: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 3,5 ; 6). Rhinichthys osculus velifer: endangered. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Rhinichthys umatilla
|
(Gilbert & Evermann, 1894) | Fr, Thr
| native | Umatilla dace (English), Umatilla dace (English) | common (usually seen) | 12.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Columbia River drainage in Idaho, Washington and Oregon (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Gobiidae |
Rhinogobius brunneus
|
(Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) | Fr
| introduced | | | 5.80 cm TL male/unsexed | | Recorded from the East Fork Lewis River in western Washington state in 2004 - may be reproducing. Also collected from the Columbia River (River Mile 54) at Crims Island (C. Haskell, pers.comm.) and from Ramsey Wetland in Portland, Oregon in April 2007 (P. Heimowitz, pers. Comm.). This wetland is connected to Columbia Slough and the Willamette River (Ref. 58910). Also Ref. 92840. | |
Acheilognathidae |
Rhodeus sericeus
|
(Pallas, 1776) | Fr
| introduced | Bitterling (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | To check which species actually. | |
Leuciscidae |
Richardsonius balteatus
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr
| native | Redside shiner (English) | common (usually seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Rogue, Klamath and Columbia River drainages in Oregon, Idaho, Nevada and Wyoming; and Bonneville basin in south Idaho, west Wyoming and Utah. Transplanted into upper Missouri River basin in Montana and upper Colorado River drainage in Wyoming, Utah and Arizona (Ref. 5723, 86798). Also Ref. 276, 1998, 3814. | |
Leuciscidae |
Richardsonius egregius
|
(Girard, 1858) | Fr
| native | Lahontan redside (English) | common (usually seen) | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Lahontan and other interior basins in northern Nevada and northern California, USA including Humboldt, Walker, Carson, Truckee, Susan, Quinn and Reese River systems; Walker, Tahoe and Pyramid Lakes. Introduced elsewhere, including upper Sacramento River systems in California. Locally abundant (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 5723. | |
Cichlidae |
Rocio octofasciata
|
(Regan, 1903) | Fr
| introduced | Jack Dempsey (English), Jack Dempsey (English) | | 25.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Rubricatochromis bimaculatus
|
(Gill, 1862) | Fr
| introduced | African jewelfish (English), Jewel cichlid (English), Jewelfish (English) | | 13.60 cm SL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 13364. | |
Salmonidae |
Salmo salar
|
Linnaeus, 1758 | Fr, Br, M, Fi, Aq, Pr, Thr
| native | Atlantic salmon (English), Sebago salmon (English) | | 150 cm TL male/unsexed ;120 cm TL female | | Status of threat of the following populations: 1). Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine populations: endangered. Criteria: 1,2,3,4; 2). Great Lakes populations: extinct. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). Also reported from near Chesapeake Bay mouth (Ref. 27549). Also Ref. 96339. | |
Salmonidae |
Salmo trutta
|
Linnaeus, 1758 | Fr, Br, M, Sp
| introduced | Brown trout (English) | | 140 cm SL male/unsexed | 25.6 TL | Also Ref. 1739. | |
Salmonidae |
Salvelinus agassizii
|
(Garman, 1885) | Fr
| native | Silver trout (English) | | | | | No picture yet. |
Salmonidae |
Salvelinus alpinus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Arctic char (English), Char (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 107 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally abundant (Ref. 5723, 86798). | |
Salmonidae |
Salvelinus confluentus
|
(Suckley, 1859) | Fr, Thr
| native | Bull trout (English) | | 103 cm TL male/unsexed | | Extinct in California and considered a species of special concern throughout most of their remaining distribution (Ref. 10367). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat of the following populations: 1). Coastal populations: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,3,4; 2). Snake River and upper Columbia River populations: threatened. Criteria: 1,2,3,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Salvelinus fontinalis
|
(Mitchill, 1814) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Brook trout (English), Brookie (English), Char (English), Eastern brook trout (English), Native trout (English), Speckled trout (English), Specks (English), Squaretail (English), Whitefin (English) | common (usually seen) | 86.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins to Minnesota and northern Georgia (Applachian Mountains); and headwaters of Chattahoochee River (Gulf basin) (Ref. 86798). Native from Iowa to Long Island; indigenous to higher elevations of the Appalachian Mountains as far south as Georgia (Ref. 27549). Also Ref. 5723, 7251, 10294, 75154. | |
Salmonidae |
Salvelinus malma
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M, Sp, Thr
| native | Dolly varden (English) | | 127 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from Puget Sound and Quinault River in Washington (Ref. 86798). Reports from Oregon, California (non-anadromous populations only), Nevada, Montana, and Idaho (Ref. 1998) need confirmation. Used purely as game fish (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 2850, 5723, 12218, 27436, 96339.
Status of threat of the Cook Inlet to Puget Sound populations: vulnerable. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Salmonidae |
Salvelinus namaycush
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr
| native | Lake trout (English), Great Lake trout (English), Siscowet (English) | | 150 cm TL male/unsexed | 59.4 TL | Common in the northern part of its range; uncommon in Great Lakes where maintained by artifical propagation (Ref. 86798). Prefers water temperature between 4 and 13 °C (40-55 °F) Also Ref. 1998, 5723, 27547. | |
Percidae |
Sander canadensis
|
(Griffith & Smith, 1834) | Fr, Sp
| native | Sauger (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 76.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in St. Lawrence-Great Lakes and Mississippi River basin from Vermont and New York south to northern Alabama and Louisiana. Introduced into Atlantic, Gulf and southern Mississippi River drainages (Ref. 86798). Recorded from Mississippi River (Gulf of Mexico), Jo Daviess County, Illinois (Ref. 41482). Also Ref. 5723, 10294. | |
Percidae |
Sander lucioperca
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr
| introduced | Zander (English) | | 100.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | The habitats occupied by S. lucioperca are likely to vary during different seasons, as shown by radio-tracking study done in the United States. In autumn, the adults prefer a substrate of large pebbles in 1.20-1.80 m depth. In winter, when the temperature approaches 5°C, S. lucioperca are found in pits and trenches where they overwinter. When the temperature rises above 2.8°C in spring, they commence upstream migration. Spawning takes place at a temperature of around 11°C on substrate composed of large pebbles in a current of 1.40-1.50 m/sec. After spawning, the parents drift downstream and stay in pools, 1.20-1.80 m deep, for two weeks. Mortalities affect the females after spawning. In summer, Z. lucioperca prefer a substrate of pebbles and are found at variable depths, often on the upstream edge of pits and trenches where there is a rupture of current. When the temperature reaches 30°C, they seek deep pools. | |
Percidae |
Sander vitreus
|
(Mitchill, 1818) | Fr, Sp, Thr
| native | Walleye (English), Blue pike (English), Dory (English), Glass eye (English), Gray pike (English), Marble Eye (English), Pike-perch (English), Yellow pike-perch (English) | fairly common (chances are about 50%) | 107 cm FL male/unsexed | 37.7 TL | Known from St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins from Vermont and New Hampshire south to Alabama and Arkansas; possibly native to Mobile Bay basin (Ref. 86798). Widely introduced elsewhere, including Atlantic and Pacific drainages (Ref. 86798). Recorded from the entire Mississippi and Missouri basins (Ref. 10294). Collected from Mississippi River (Gulf of Mexico), Rock Island County, Illinois (Ref. 41482). Used almost exclusively for recreational fishing (Ref. 9988). Also Ref. 1998, 5723.
Status of threat as Sander vitreus glaucus: extinct; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Cichlidae |
Sarotherodon melanotheron
|
Rüppell, 1852 | Fr, Br
| introduced | Blackchin tilapia (English), Blackchin mouthbrooder (English), African sunfish (English) | | 28.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Reported from the Hillsborough Bay area in 1955. Presumed to have been brought to the United States before then by tropical fish dealers (Ref. 13090). Depletion of aquatic vegetation reported in areas where it is common due to overgrazing. Constitute 90% of fish biomass in Lithia Springs, co-occuring with largemouth bass and bluegill which appeared diseased and malnourished (Ref. 10757). Also Ref. 12732, 13090. | |
Ictaluridae |
Satan eurystomus
|
Hubbs & Bailey, 1947 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Widemouth blindcat (English), Texas blind catfish (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 13.70 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: An artesian well, near San Antonio, Bexar Co., Texas (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Acipenseridae |
Scaphirhynchus albus
|
(Forbes & Richardson, 1905) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Pallid sturgeon (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 200 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Mississippi River drainage (Ref. 33977). Most abundant in the prairie region portion of the Missouri River (Ref. 10294).
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Acipenseridae |
Scaphirhynchus platorynchus
|
(Rafinesque, 1820) | Fr, Fi, Sp
| native | Shovelnose sturgeon (English) | | 108 cm TL male/unsexed | 57.9 FL | Common in Mississippi basin, rare in Mobile Bay drainage (Alabama and Mississippi) and extirpated in Rio Grande, New Mexico (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 276, 10294. | |
Acipenseridae |
Scaphirhynchus suttkusi
|
Williams & Clemmer, 1991 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Alabama sturgeon (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | | | Endemic to Mobile Basin of Alabama and Mississippi. Also Ref. 33979.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Rudd (English), Pearl roach (English) | | 61.70 cm TL female | | | |
Leuciscidae |
Semotilus atromaculatus
|
(Mitchill, 1818) | Fr
| native | Creek chub (English), Horned dace (English), Chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 30.30 cm TL male/unsexed | | Occurs mostly in east USA in Atlantic, Great Lakes, Mississippi, and Gulf basins as far west as Wyoming, and Brazos River in Texas, but absent from Florida and south Georgia; isolated population in the upper Pecos, New Mexico. Introduced elsewhere (Ref. 86798). Transplanted in Colorado River drainage in Texas (Ref. 5723). Type locality: Wallkill River, New York (Ref. 79012). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Leuciscidae |
Semotilus corporalis
|
(Mitchill, 1817) | Fr
| native | Fallfish (English) | common (usually seen) | 51.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in Atlantic Slope drainages from Maine to James River drainage in Virginia; Lake Ontario. Introduced in Tonawanda River (Lake Erie drainage) in New York (Ref. 86798). | |
Leuciscidae |
Semotilus lumbee
|
Snelson & Suttkus, 1978 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Sandhills chub (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 24.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the 'Carolina Sandhills' of south-central North Carolina and northeast South Carolina; encompassing portions of Cape Fear, Peedee, and Santee river drainages (Ref. 86798). Also Ref. 3881, 5723.
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Semotilus thoreauianus
|
Jordan, 1877 | Fr
| native | Dixie chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 15.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Gulf Slope from Ochlockonee River system in Georgia and Florida to Tombigbee River system in Alabama (Ref. 86798). | |
Serrasalmidae |
Serrasalmus humeralis
|
Valenciennes, 1850 | Fr
| not established | Pirambeba (English) | | 20.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Of the few piranhas which have escaped from aquaria in the USA, only this species was able to establish a breeding population in Dade County, Florida which was eradicated in 1981 (Ref. 3814). | |
Leuciscidae |
Siphateles alvordensis
|
(Hubbs & Miller, 1972) | Fr, Thr
| native | Alvord chub (English) | | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Alvord basin in southeastern Oregon and northwestern, Nevada. Common in small area (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Leuciscidae |
Siphateles bicolor
|
(Girard, 1856) | Fr, Thr
| native | Tui chub (English), Cowhead Lake tui chub (English) | common (usually seen) | 45.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Columbia River drainage in Washington, Oregon and Idaho, south in Klamath and upper Pit River (Sacramento River drainage) and interior drainages of Nevada and California to Mohave River in south California. Locally abundant but declining in some areas because of habitat degradation and introduced species (Ref. 5723, 86798).
Status of threat of the following subspecies: 1). Gila bicolor euchila: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5; 2). Gila bicolor eurysoma: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5; 3).
Gila bicolor isolata: endangered; status improved since 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5; 4). Gila bicolor mohavensis: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5; 5). Gila bicolor newarkensis: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5; 6). Gila bicolor oregonensis: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 5; 7). Gila bicolor snyderi: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,4,5; 8). Gila bicolor thalassina: threatened. Criteria: 1,4, 5; 9). Gila bicolor vaccaceps: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Leuciscidae |
Siphateles boraxobius
|
(Williams & Bond, 1980) | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Borax Lake chub (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the Borax Lake and outflows (Alvord basin) in Harney County, Oregon. Common in extremely small range (Ref. 86798). The thermal waters feeding Borax Lake face a long-term threat from geothermal energy deelopment. The protection afforded by the U.S. Endangered Species Act has greatly curtailed exploratory drilling for geothermal energy development by creation of a zone of no surface disturbance around the most sensitive habitats. The recovery plan for this species (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1987) provided the following recommendations: (1) permanent protection by acquisition of private lands in the 260 ha habitat area, (2) closure of the critical habitat to vehicle, livestock,mining and energy development activities, (3) restoration of Lower Borax Lake and adjacent marshes, and (4) monitoring of fish, ivertebrate, and habitat characteristics (Ref. 26179).
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Amblyopsidae |
Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni
|
Cooper & Kuehne, 1974 | Fr, Pr, Thr
| endemic | Alabama cavefish (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 7.20 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known only from the Key Cave of the Tennessee River drainage in Alabama (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 51651.
Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Osmeridae |
Spirinchus thaleichthys
|
(Ayres, 1860) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Longfin smelt (English) | | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Ranges south to Moneterey Bay, California (Ref. 2850). Locally and seasonally abundant (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 276, 3814, 27436, 96339. | |
Belonidae |
Strongylura forsythia
|
Breder, 1932 | Fr, Br, M
| native | | | 40.50 cm SL male/unsexed | | Known from southern Florida, and the Gulf of Mexico west to Mobile Bay, Alabama (Ref. 50279). | |
Belonidae |
Strongylura marina
|
(Walbaum, 1792) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Atlantic needlefish (English) | | 111 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Long Island, New York (Ref. 79012). Caught in Gulf of Maine, Scotian Shelf (Ref. 37512). Also Ref. 26340, 27549, 93252.
Occurrence in Chesapeake Bay: common from spring to autumn throughout the bay, reaching as far north as the Susquehanna River (Ref. 93252). | |
Belonidae |
Strongylura notata
|
(Poey, 1860) | Fr, Br, M
| questionable | Redfin needlefish (English) | | 61.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Information might be referring to its subspecies (S. n. forsythia). Also Ref. 7251, 26340. | |
Syngnathidae |
Syngnathus fuscus
|
Storer, 1839 | Fr, Br, M
| native | Northern pipefish (English) | | 33.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Present in the continental shelf waters off the northeastern United States (Ref. 37512); Chesapeake Bay (Ref. 27549, 93252). | |
Syngnathidae |
Syngnathus scovelli
|
(Evermann & Kendall, 1896) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Gulf pipefish (English) | | 18.30 cm SL male/unsexed | | Found in freshwater habitats in the United States (Ref. 30499). | |
Osmeridae |
Thaleichthys pacificus
|
(Richardson, 1836) | Fr, Br, M, Fi
| native | Eulachon (English), Candlefish (English), Columbia River smelt (English), Euclachon smelt (English), Hooligan (English), Smelt (English) | | 34.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 15.5 FL | Known from the Pacific coast from Washington to Monterey Bay, California (Ref. 86798). Seasonally abundant in spawning streams (Ref. 27547). Also Ref. 276, 1998, 6793, 6885, 27436, 95155. | |
Catostomidae |
Thoburnia atripinnis
|
(Bailey, 1959) | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Blackfin sucker (English) | | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Known from the upper Barren River system (in Green River drainage) in Kentucky and Tennessee. Locally common in small range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Thoburnia hamiltoni
|
Raney & Lachner, 1946 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Rustyside sucker (English) | | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Locally common in small range (Ref. 5723).
Status of threat: vulnerable; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | No picture yet. |
Catostomidae |
Thoburnia rhothoeca
|
(Thoburn, 1896) | Fr
| endemic | Torrent sucker (English) | common (usually seen) | 18.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Thorichthys meeki
|
Brind, 1918 | Fr
| introduced | Firemouth cichlid (English), Firemouth cichlid (English), Redbreasted cichlid (English) | | 17.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Salmonidae |
Thymallus arcticus
|
(Pallas, 1776) | Fr, Thr
| native | Arctic grayling (English) | | 76.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Found in the upper Missouri River drainage in Montana; formerly in Great Lakes basin in Michigan (Ref. 5723). Intoduced into mountainous areas of Colorado, Utah and Vermont (Ref. 27547). Introduced to a rehabilitated gravel extraction site in the Kuparuk river oilfield, Alaska. Although survival was ensured, reproduction may be limited (Ref. 46301). Also Ref. 276, 1998.
Status of threat: 1). Montana stream populations: threatened; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,2,3,4,5; 2). Great Lakes populations: extinct. Criteria: 1,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Tincidae |
Tinca tinca
|
(Linnaeus, 1758) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Tench (English), Green tench (English) | | 70.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Also Ref. 1998. | |
Osphronemidae |
Trichogaster fasciata
|
Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | Fr
| introduced | Banded gourami (English), Giant gourami (English), Rainbow gourami (English), Striped gourami (English) | | 12.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | Reported as having been collected in the wild in Pennsylvania but is not known to be reproducing (Ref. 13364). | |
Osphronemidae |
Trichogaster lalius
|
(Hamilton, 1822) | Fr, Or
| introduced | Dwarf gourami (English), Red lalia (English), Sunset gourami (English) | | 9.50 cm TL male/unsexed | | A popular aquarium fish, found in 70% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). | |
Osphronemidae |
Trichopodus trichopterus
|
(Pallas, 1770) | Fr
| not established | Threespot gourami (English), Blue gourami (English), Cosby gourami (English), Gold gourami (English), Golden gourami (English), Opaline gourami (English) | | 15.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Accidentally released from aquaria and was found occasionally in Florida but it is not known if self-breeding populations exist. Species failed to become established in Florida (Ref. 6029). A popular aquarium fish, found in 75% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). Also Ref. 13364. | |
Osphronemidae |
Trichopsis vittata
|
(Cuvier, 1831) | Fr
| introduced | Croaking gourami (English) | | 8.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Cichlidae |
Trichromis salvini
|
(Günther, 1862) | Fr
| not established | Yellowbelly cichlid (English), Salvin's Cichlid (English), Tricolor cichlid (English) | | 22.00 cm SL male/unsexed | | Introduced and formerly established in Florida; eradicated in 1981 (Ref. 4537). Also Ref. 3814. | |
Gobiidae |
Tridentiger trigonocephalus
|
(Gill, 1859) | Fr, Br
| introduced | Chameleon goby (English) | | 11.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Achiridae |
Trinectes maculatus
|
(Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | Fr, Br, M
| native | Hogchoker (English) | | 20.00 cm TL male/unsexed | 10 TL | Rare north of Cape Cod (Ref. 7135). | |
Ictaluridae |
Trogloglanis pattersoni
|
Eigenmann, 1919 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Toothless blindcat (English) | abundant (always seen in some numbers) | 10.40 cm TL male/unsexed | | Type locality: Artesian well in San Antonio, Texas (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 3881.
Status of threat: endangered; status declined since 1989. Criteria: 1,5 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Amblyopsidae |
Typhlichthys subterraneus
|
Girard, 1859 | Fr, Thr
| endemic | Southern cavefish (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 9.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Discontinous distribution: west of Mississippi River in Ozark Plateau of southern Missouri and northeast Arkansas; east of Mississippi in Cumberland and Interior Low plateaus from southern Indiana to northwestern Georgia and northern Alabama (Ref 5723). Also Ref. 10294.
Status of threat: vulnerable. Criteria: 1 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
Umbridae |
Umbra limi
|
(Kirtland, 1840) | Fr
| native | Central mudminnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Mississippi River basins of Central Ohio, western Tennessee and northeastern Arkansas. Missouri River drainage of eastern central South Dakota and western Iowa (Ref. 5723). Also Ref. 10294. | |
Umbridae |
Umbra pygmaea
|
(DeKay, 1842) | Fr, Br
| native | Eastern mudminnow (English) | common (usually seen) | 13.70 cm TL male/unsexed ;15.00 cm TL female | 3.48 TL | Limited to the eastern coastal plain of the United States from southern New York to Florida, including Gulf coast of Florida (Ref. 27549).
Occurrence in Chesapeake Bay: common in low-luing streams and swamps; occasionally in tidal waters with salinities as high as 17% (Ref. 93252). Also Ref. 276, 3814. | |
Poeciliidae |
Xiphophorus hellerii
|
Heckel, 1848 | Fr, Br, Or
| introduced | Green swordtail (English), Red swordtail (English), Swordtail (English) | | 14.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;16.00 cm TL female | | Established in canals near Tampa, Hillsborough County in Florida; Warm Springs Creek, Clark County in Idaho; Trudeau and Beaverhead Rock ponds, Madison County in Montana; and Kelly Warm Spring, Teton County in Wyoming (Ref. 5723). A popular aquarium fish, found in 85% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). | |
Poeciliidae |
Xiphophorus maculatus
|
(Günther, 1866) | Fr, Or
| introduced | Southern platyfish (English), Platy (English) | | 4.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm TL female | 2.75 SL | A popular aquarium fish, found in 85% of pet shops near Lakes Erie and Ontario (Ref. 53249). | |
Poeciliidae |
Xiphophorus variatus
|
(Meek, 1904) | Fr
| introduced | Variable platyfish (English), Sunset platy (English), Variegated (English) | occasional (usually not seen) | 7.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | | |
Catostomidae |
Xyrauchen texanus
|
(Abbott, 1860) | Fr, Thr
| native | Razorback sucker (English) | scarce (very unlikely) | 91.00 cm TL male/unsexed | | Status of threat: endangered; status same as 1989. Criteria: 1,2,4 (http://fisc.er.usgs.gov/afs/) (Ref. 81264). | |
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