Cryptocoryne retrospiralis (Roxb.) Kunth

🗒 Synonyms

synonym	Ambrosina retrospiralis Roxb.
synonym	Ambrosina roxburghiana Voigt
synonym	Ambrosina unilocularis Roxb.
synonym	Cryptocoryne dalzellii Schott
synonym	Cryptocoryne roxburghiana (Voigt) Schott
synonym	Cryptocoryne unilocularis (Roxb.) Schott
synonym	Lagenandra dalzellii (Schott) Rataj

🗒 Common Names

Other

English - Buffalo spinach

📚 Overview

Overview

Summary

Aquatic herb

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Brief

Flowering class: Monocot Habit: Herb

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Red List Category & Criteria: Least Concern ver 3.1 Year Assessed: 2010 Assessor/s: Gupta, A.K. Reviewer/s: Homsombath, K., Juffe Bignoli, D., Meng, M. & Bounphanmy, S. Contributors: Drius, M. Justification: It is a common species throughout its range. No major threats to this species have been reported. It is listed as Least Concern. Conservation Actions: Conservation efforts for this plant species are not required.

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Diagnostic

Diagnostic Keys

Description

Stoloniferous marshy herbs. Leaves many, to 16 x 0.8 cm, linear-oblong, acute, glabrous; sheath white, closed. Peduncle 2-3 cm long, slender, solitary; spathe 10-12 cm long, partitioned by a transverse diaphrum above the spadix; tube above the diaphrum 6 cm long, limb 3 cm long, spirally twisted, acuminate, pale brown with deep brown spots; spadix 14 mm long, included in the chamber, slender at middle. Female flowers 4 or 5, one-whorled at the base; ovaries connate, l-celled, ovules many, on parietal placentas; style short, curved. Neutral flowers 4-6, above the female flowers as a whorl of appendages. Male flowers many, in terminal globose clusters; stamens 1 or 2.

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

SubSpecies Varieties Races

Diagnostic Keys

Description

No Data

📚 Nomenclature and Classification

Nomenclature and Classification

Taxon Record Name

References

Type Information

No Data

📚 Natural History

Natural History

Life Cycle

Cyclicity

Flowering and fruiting: November-March

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Miscellaneous Details

Cryptocoryne retrospiralis grows over the whole area of India, disjunct from C. crispatulabut in the south-west of India mixed with C. spiralis. Not flowering specimens of C. retrospiralis are not easy to distinguish from C. spiralis as both have similar, stiff leaves. The spathum however is quite different. The difference between C. retrospiralis and C. crispatula is that the latter has often narrower, often undulated, leaves. Further, the two plants differ in the markings on the limb of the spathe. The typical monsoon leaves in C. retrospiralis (the chives form leaves) are also found in C. crispatula. Though this plant is known for more than 150 years, little is known on the variation in this species.

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

No Data

📚 Habitat and Distribution

Habitat and Distribution

General Habitat

Habitat

Freshwater

Habitat and Ecology: This species occurs mostly in streams and rivers with not too rapidly flowing water, in lowland forest. They also live in seasonally inundated forest pools or on river banks submerged only at high water. Systems: Freshwater List of Habitats: 5, 5.1, 5.7

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

River banks and stream sides

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Distribution

Description

Range Description: It is native to India, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Commonly found all over India as a submerged herb. Countries - Native: Bangladesh; India; Myanmar

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Global Distribution

India: Assam

Indian Distribution

Sivasagar

Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.

Attributions	Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
Contributors	admin
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Global Distribution

South and North East India

Indian distribution

State - Kerala, District/s: Kasaragode, Kollam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta, Malappuram, Palakkad, Kannur, Wayanad

Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi

Attributions	Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
Contributors	D. Narasimhan
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Endemic Distribution

No Data

📚 Occurrence

Occurrence

No Data

📚 Demography and Conservation

Demography and Conservation

Population Biology

Trends

Population: No information available. Population Trend: Unknown

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Risk Statement

Conservation Status

IUCN Red List Category

Least Concern

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Threats

Major Threat (s): Presently any major threat has been reported for this taxon.

IUCN and ZOO 2011

Attributions	IUCN and ZOO 2011
Contributors	Sanjay Molur
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY
References

Legislation

Protection Legal Status

No Data

📚 Uses and Management

No Data

📚 Information Listing

Information Listing

Species Resources

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)

Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

References

Cryptocoryne roxburghii Schott, Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 18. 1860; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 494. 1893.
Cryptocoryne dalzellii Schott, Bonplandia 5: 221. 1857.
Cryptocoryne unilocularis (Roxb.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 13. 1841.
Ambrosinia roxburghiana Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 685. 1845.
Lagenandra dalzellii (Schott) Rataj, Studie CSAV 3: 101. 1975.
Cryptocoryne retrospiralis (Roxb.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 12. 1841; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 493. 1893; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1575(1098). 1931; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 431. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 403. 1985; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 838. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 533. 1990; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 278. 1991; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 755. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 474. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 525. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 906. 2009.
Ambrosinia unilocularis Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 493. 1832.
Ambrosinia retrospiralis Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 492. 1832.
IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2010. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.
Gupta, A.K. 2010. Cryptocoryne retrospiralis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011

Gupta, A.K. 2010. Cryptocoryne retrospiralis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/threats-classification-scheme
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/conservation-actions-classification-scheme-ver2
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
Citation: Gupta, A.K. 2010. Cryptocoryne retrospiralis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011
IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2010. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.

Information Listing > References

Cryptocoryne roxburghii Schott, Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 18. 1860; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 494. 1893.
Cryptocoryne dalzellii Schott, Bonplandia 5: 221. 1857.
Cryptocoryne unilocularis (Roxb.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 13. 1841.
Ambrosinia roxburghiana Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 685. 1845.
Lagenandra dalzellii (Schott) Rataj, Studie CSAV 3: 101. 1975.
Cryptocoryne retrospiralis (Roxb.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 3: 12. 1841; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 493. 1893; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1575(1098). 1931; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 431. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 403. 1985; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 838. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 533. 1990; Joseph, Aquatic Angiosp. Malabar 278. 1991; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 755. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 474. 1998; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 525. 2005; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 906. 2009.
Ambrosinia unilocularis Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 493. 1832.
Ambrosinia retrospiralis Roxb., Fl. Ind. 3: 492. 1832.
IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2010. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.
Gupta, A.K. 2010. Cryptocoryne retrospiralis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011
Gupta, A.K. 2010. Cryptocoryne retrospiralis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/threats-classification-scheme
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/conservation-actions-classification-scheme-ver2
http://www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes/habitats-classification-scheme-ver3
Citation: Gupta, A.K. 2010. Cryptocoryne retrospiralis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 October 2011
IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at:http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).; The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2010. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.