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List of Freshwater Fishes reported from Venezuela
n = 990
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Table 1: 960 species currently present in the country/island (endemic, native, introduced, reintroduced);
Table 2: 14 species possibly present in the country/island (stray, questionable);
Table 3: 16 species demonstrated to be absent in the country/island (extirpated, not established, misidentification, error).
Table 4: 990 species reported from the country/island altogether.
Table 1: 960 species currently present in the country/island.
     
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Family Species Author Info Occurrence Common names Abundance Max length Maturity Remark Photo
Acestrorhynchidae Acestrorhynchus falcatus (Bloch, 1794) Fr native   30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Restricted to black or clear water drainages; common in Rio Negro-Casiquiare drainages, including the Pasimoni, Siapa and Emoni rivers, and black water tributaries of the upper Orinoco (Ref. 52916). Further north, this species is present in Ventuari drainages; to the east, common in Río Cuyuni drainage, and the northern distribution limit is Río Morichal Largo, a relatively isolated, clear-water drainage that flows into the Orinoco delta (Ref. 52916). Sympatric with Acestrorhynchus microlepis in southern Venezuela and the Guiana shield, but appears to be absent from the western and central llanos, presumably because of intolerance of prevalent white-water conditions (Ref. 52916). Also Ref. 12225. 
Acestrorhynchidae Acestrorhynchus falcirostris (Cuvier, 1819) Fr native   45.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Common in clear and black waters of the Ilanos and upper Orinoco-Rio Negro drainages (Ref. 52916). Known from the main stem of the Orinoco in its upper and middle reaches, as well as the Rio Casiquiare; also recorded from small black or clear-water tributaries of the lower Orinoco near Rio Cuchivero (Ref. 52916). In the Ilanos, it occurs from the Capanaparo and Cinaruco rivers and Rio Aguaro and its tributaries (Ref. 52916). Also Ref. 598. 
Acestrorhynchidae Acestrorhynchus grandoculis Menezes & Géry, 1983 Fr native   10.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in black-water rivers, mostly with Rio Negro-Casiquiare drainages and the middle Orinoco near the Atabapo and Ventuari rivers (Ref. 52916). Also found in the Amazon, from Rio Cinaruco in western Ilanos and Rio Caura in the Guyana Shield region (Ref. 52916).  No picture yet.
Acestrorhynchidae Acestrorhynchus heterolepis (Cope, 1878) Fr native   40.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Rio Mavaca, Amazonas (Ref. 13118). Most abundant in Rio Negro basin, where it is found in the Rio Casiquiare and its tributaries (Ref. 52916).  No picture yet.
Acestrorhynchidae Acestrorhynchus microlepis (Jardine, 1841) Fr native   37.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Common in black and clear water streams and rivers, as well as lagoons and other off-channel habitats associated with whitewater rivers. Found in virtually every sub-basin of the Rio Negro, Orinoco and Cuyuni, Essequibo (Ref. 52916). The only member of the genus found in rivers draining the Andean piedmont of Venezuela (Ref. 52916). Its distribution extends eastward through the Ilanos into the Rio Morichal Largo and Rio Cuyuni; to the south, it is common in the Rio Casiquiare region and the headwaters of the Rio Orinoco (Ref. 52916). 
Acestrorhynchidae Acestrorhynchus minimus Menezes, 1969 Fr native   6.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Found only in clear and black waters in major drainages, mostly from Casiquiare region and the Capanaparo and Cinaruco rivers in the western Ilanos. Northermost records are Rio Aguaro in the central Ilanos. Also known from Caura and Caroni basins (Ref. 52916). 
Acestrorhynchidae Acestrorhynchus nasutus Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   6.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38248). Known from two specimens collected in 1989 from Caño Cuchakén, a tributary of the Río Atabapo and a single specimen sampled in 2002 from a tributary of the Río Ventuari. These records represent a significant expansion of the range of the species, originally described from the Essequibo River at Rockstone, Guyana (Ref. 52916). 
Acestrorhynchidae Gilbertolus alatus (Steindachner, 1878) Fr native   14.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the basin of Lago Maracaibo. Also Ref. 38270. 
Acestrorhynchidae Gilbertolus maracaiboensis Schultz, 1943 Fr native  Jibao (Spanish), Muelona (Spanish), Mueluda (Spanish)  13.03 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lago Maracaibo basin (Ref. 33012). Type locality: in a caño half mi. west of Sinamaica, Estado de Zulia, Venezuela (holotype) (Ref. 26282). Also Ref. 26543, 38270. 
Acestrorhynchidae Gnathocharax steindachneri Fowler, 1913 Fr native   5.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811). Also Ref. 598. 
Acestrorhynchidae Heterocharax leptogrammus Toledo-Piza, 2000 Fr native   3.39 cm SL male/unsexed  Collected from the Amazonas (Caño Caripo) and Apure (Laguna Larga, río Cinaruco) (Ref. 38319). 
Acestrorhynchidae Heterocharax macrolepis Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   4.75 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 36811, 38319. 
Acestrorhynchidae Heterocharax virgulatus Toledo-Piza, 2000 Fr native   4.14 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811). 
Achiridae Achirus achirus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr, Br, M native  Lenguado (Spanish), Arrevés (Spanish)  37.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Achiridae Achirus novoae Cervigón, 1982 Fr native  Lenguado (Spanish)  16.80 cm TL male/unsexed 12.7 TL Known from the Orinoco basin, including delta (Ref. 36798). 
Achiridae Apionichthys menezesi Ramos, 2003 Fr native   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Caura, Orinoco basin (Ref. 49504).  No picture yet.
Achiridae Hypoclinemus mentalis (Günther, 1862) Fr native  Lenguado (Spanish)  21.60 cm SL male/unsexed   
Achiridae Trinectes maculatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Fr, Br, M native   20.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Anablepidae Anableps anableps (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr, Br native  Cipotero escamoso (Spanish)  30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of Pedernales channel, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 26938. 
Anablepidae Anableps microlepis Müller & Troschel, 1844 Fr, Br native  Cipotero (Spanish)  32.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of Pedernales channel, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 4537, 5217. 
Anguillidae Anguilla rostrata (Lesueur, 1817) Fr, Br, M native   152 cm TL male/unsexed ;122 cm TL female  Also Ref. 27549, 93252, 117426. 
Anostomidae Abramites hypselonotus (Günther, 1868) Fr native  Picúo (Spanish)  14.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Museum: Río Orinoco (08°34'12"N, 62°15'48"W), USNM 233215 (Ref. 9743). 
Anostomidae Anostomoides atrianalis Pellegrin, 1909 Fr native    Recorded from the Rio Orinoco (Ref. 36801).  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Anostomoides laticeps (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native   30.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Anostomidae Anostomus ternetzi Fernández-Yépez, 1949 Fr native   12.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco basin. Also Ref. 598, 36801. 
Anostomidae Gnathodolus bidens Myers, 1927 Fr native    Recorded from the Orinoco and Casiquiare rivers (Ref. 36801). Also Ref. 598.  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Laemolyta fernandezi Myers, 1950 Fr native   25.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36801). Also Ref. 80799. 
Anostomidae Laemolyta orinocensis (Steindachner, 1879) Fr native   16.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36801). 
Anostomidae Laemolyta taeniata (Kner, 1858) Fr native  Mije (Spanish)  28.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 36801). 
Anostomidae Leporinus affinis Günther, 1864 Fr native   30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon basin (Ref. 36801). 
Anostomidae Leporinus agassizii Steindachner, 1876 Fr native   23.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River (Ref. 36801). 
Anostomidae Leporinus alternus Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native    Also Ref. 36801.  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Leporinus arcus Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Anostomidae Leporinus arimaspi Burns, Frable & Sidlauskas, 2014 Fr native   18.95 cm SL male/unsexed  Found throughout the Río Orinoco drainage, including the ríos Caura, Pamoni, Casiquiare, Manapiare, and Ventuari (Ref. 96504). 
Anostomidae Leporinus brunneus Myers, 1950 Fr native   25.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Casiquiare, Rio Orinoco and its tributaries, Rio Caura, Rio Carapo and Rio Cinaruco (Ref. 30270). Also Ref. 36801. 
Anostomidae Leporinus enyae Burns, Chatfield, Birindelli & Sidlauskas, 2017 Fr native    Type locality of Leporinus enyae, Amazonas, río Iguapo, ca. 1 hour above the mouth. Known from the southern tributaries of the Orinoco river drainage, including the Ventuari, Parcucito, Atabapo, and Caura rivers; same with Brazil, in the upper Negro River and Casiquiare canal, which connects the Negro and Orinoco rivers (Ref. 119688).  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794) Fr native  Mije (Spanish)  40.00 cm SL male/unsexed 25 TL Known from Apure, Portuguesa, Gunare and Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172). 
Anostomidae Leporinus ortomaculatus Garavello, 2000 Fr native   7.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 36801). 
Anostomidae Leporinus punctatus Garavello, 2000 Fr native    Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36801).  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Leporinus steyermarki Inger, 1956 Fr native   30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Abácapa River basin (Ref. 36801). Also Ref. 598. 
Anostomidae Leporinus y-ophorus Eigenmann, 1922 Fr native     
Anostomidae Pseudanos gracilis (Kner, 1858) Fr native   18.11 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 36801). 
Anostomidae Pseudanos irinae Winterbottom, 1980 Fr native    Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36801).  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Pseudanos varii Birindelli, Lima & Britski, 2012 Fr native   21.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Río Síapa (a tributary of Río Casiquiare, which connects the upper Rio Negro with the upper Río Orinoco) and Río Atabapo (a tributary of the upper Río Orinoco) (Ref. 91907).  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Pseudanos winterbottomi Sidlauskas & Santos, 2005 Fr native   15.17 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Orinoco drainage (Ref. 55429). Also Ref. 91907. 
Anostomidae Schizodon corti Schultz, 1944 Fr endemic   40.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from Lago Maracaibo system (Ref. 28837). Also Ref. 36801. 
Anostomidae Schizodon fasciatus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 Fr native   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 12225. 
Anostomidae Schizodon scotorhabdotus Sidlauskas, Garavello & Jellen, 2007 Fr native   27.10 cm SL male/unsexed 28 TL Known from the Río Orinoco system (Ref. 75767).  No picture yet.
Anostomidae Synaptolaemus cingulatus Myers & Fernández-Yépez, 1950 Fr native    Known from the upper Orinoco River (Ref. 36801). Also Ref. 598. 
Anostomidae Synaptolaemus latofasciatus (Steindachner, 1910) Fr native   9.40 cm SL male/unsexed   
Apteronotidae Adontosternarchus clarkae Mago-Leccia, Lundberg & Baskin, 1985 Fr native   18.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Ngero River basin (Ref. 36886). 
Apteronotidae Adontosternarchus devenanzii Mago-Leccia, Lundberg & Baskin, 1985 Fr native   18.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Portuguesa and Orinoco River basins (Ref. 36886). 
Apteronotidae Adontosternarchus sachsi (Peters, 1877) Fr native   32.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36886). 
Apteronotidae Apteronotus albifrons (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr native  Black ghost (English)  50.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River. Also Ref. 4537, 12225. 
Apteronotidae Apteronotus anu de Santana & Vari, 2013 Fr native   27.10 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Apteronotus anu: 12 km south of Machiques on way to Tokuko at the bridge, Rio Negro (Ref. 93867).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Apteronotus apurensis Fernández-Yépez, 1968 Fr native   30.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Apure River basin (Ref. 36886).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Apteronotus baniwa de Santana & Vari, 2013 Fr native   15.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Apteronotus baniwa: 147 km east-south-east of San Fernando de Atabapo, Rio Orinoco (Ref. 93867).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Apteronotus cuchillejo (Schultz, 1949) Fr native   18.90 cm TL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Maracaibo basin (Ref. 50581) and the Catatumbo River basin (Ref. 36886). 
Apteronotidae Apteronotus cuchillo Schultz, 1949 Fr native   39.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Museum: Río Socuy, 3 km above mouth, Maracaibo basin, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Apteronotidae Apteronotus ferrarisi de Santana & Vari, 2013 Fr native   27.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Apteronotus ferrarisi: Río Yaracuy basin (Ref. 93867).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Apteronotus leptorhynchus (Ellis, 1912) Fr native   26.90 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 26543). 
Apteronotidae Apteronotus magoi de Santana, Castillo & Taphorn, 2006 Fr native    Known from Caño Bravo, Río Apure drainage, Río Orinoco basin in Barinas (Ref. 57694).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Apteronotus pemon de Santana & Vari, 2013 Fr native   20.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Apteronotus pemon: Techiné-meru waterfall, along tributary of Río Caroni, Bolivar (Ref. 93867).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Apteronotus rostratus (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913) Fr native   27.20 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Compsaraia compsa (Mago-Leccia, 1994) Fr native   33.90 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco, Meta, and Apure River basins (Ref. 36886).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Megadontognathus cuyuniensis Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   23.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 36886.  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Platyurosternarchus macrostoma (Günther, 1870) Fr native   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36886). 
Apteronotidae Sternarchella orinoco Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   22.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of Sternarchella orinoco, Río Orinoco between km 153 and 152 in front of Isla Iguana, Território Delta Amacuro (Ref. 126780).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchella orthos Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36886).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchella sima Starks, 1913 Fr native   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco (Ref. 36886).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchogiton nattereri (Steindachner, 1868) Fr native   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36886).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchogiton porcinum Eigenmann & Allen, 1942 Fr native   30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Río Orinoco (Ref. 75769).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchogiton preto de Santana & Crampton, 2007 Fr native   21.30 cm SL male/unsexed ;21.70 cm SL female  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 75769).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhamphus muelleri (Steindachner, 1881) Fr native  Cuchillo (Spanish), Machete (Spanish)  45.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36886). Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena (Ref. 51849).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhynchus gnomus de Santana & Taphorn, 2006 Fr native   15.20 cm TL male/unsexed ;13.35 cm TL female  Type locality, side channel of the Río Caroni, near the confluence with the Río Claro, MCNG 53963 (holotyep of Sternarchorhynchus gnomus, 13.35 cm TL, female) (Ref. 56955, 84053). The type locality is reported to be now submerged by the waters of the Caruachi Reservoir (Ref. 84053).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhynchus marreroi de Santana & Vari, 2010 Fr native   27.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality, Apure: Río Apure, in front of Isla Apurito, left bank, MBUCV 15806 (holotype of Sternarchorhynchus marreroi, 18.2 cm TL, presumably female) (Ref. 84053).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhynchus mendesi de Santana & Vari, 2010 Fr native   19.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality, Monagas: Department of Maturín, Morichal Largo, Río Guanipa, 5 km south of Aguasay, Golfo de Paria drainage, MCNG 29129 (holotype of Sternarchorhynchus mendesi, 15.5 cm TL). Known only from the Río San Juan and Río Guanipa basins of north-eastern Venezuela, both of which drain into the Golfo de Paria (Ref. 84053).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhynchus mormyrus (Steindachner, 1868) Fr native   54.00 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhynchus oxyrhynchus (Müller & Troschel, 1849) Fr native   47.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 36886. 
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhynchus roseni Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native  Rosen knifefish (English)  41.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36886).  No picture yet.
Apteronotidae Sternarchorhynchus yepezi de Santana & Vari, 2010 Fr native   28.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality, Portuguesa: Río Portuguesa, fort at Nueva Florida, Santa Rosalía, MCNG 44286 (holotype of Sternarchorhynchus yepezi, 28 cm TL, sexually dimorphic male). Known from the central portions of the Río Orinoco basin in Venezuela (Ref. 84053).  No picture yet.
Ariidae Cathorops mapale Betancur-R. & Acero P., 2005 Fr, Br native   30.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from rio los Pajardos (Ref. 58022).  No picture yet.
Ariidae Cathorops nuchalis (Günther, 1864) Fr, Br native   24.47 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Ariidae Sciades couma (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr, Br native   97.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Ariidae Sciades herzbergii (Bloch, 1794) Fr, Br, M native  Bagre (Spanish), Bagre guatero (Spanish)  94.20 cm TL male/unsexed ;62.50 cm TL female  Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 3265. 
Aspredinidae Acanthobunocephalus nicoi Friel, 1995 Fr native   1.97 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco River basin, including the Sipapo, Ramoni and Casiquiare rivers (Ref. 36695). 
Aspredinidae Aspredinichthys filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr, Br native  Riqui-riqui (Spanish)  21.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island (Ref. 51849). 
Aspredinidae Aspredinichthys tibicen (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr, Br native  Riqui-riqui (Spanish)  24.30 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Aspredinidae Aspredo aspredo (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr, Br native  Chicharrita (Spanish)  38.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Aspredinidae Bunocephalus aleuropsis Cope, 1870 Fr native   9.10 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Aspredinidae Bunocephalus amaurus Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   12.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Aspredinidae Dupouyichthys sapito Schultz, 1944 Fr native   3.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in Rio Guasare at El Paso, Estado Zulia (Ref. 6868). Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36695). 
Aspredinidae Ernstichthys anduzei Fernández-Yépez, 1953 Fr native   3.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36695). Occurs in Rio Bocono at La Veguita, Estado Barinas (Ref. 6868). 
Aspredinidae Hoplomyzon atrizona Myers, 1942 Fr native   2.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36695). Also Ref. 6868. 
Aspredinidae Hoplomyzon cardosoi Carvalho, Reis & Friel, 2017 Fr endemic   1.85 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Hoplomyzon cardosoi: Hacienda San Jose, Caño La Raya tributary to Río Escalante, Colon, Zulia. Endemic to the Maracaibo Basin (Ref. 128006).  No picture yet.
Aspredinidae Hoplomyzon papillatus Stewart, 1985 Fr native   1.70 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Aspredinidae Hoplomyzon sexpapilostoma Taphorn & Marrero, 1990 Fr native   3.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36695).  No picture yet.
Aspredinidae Platystacus cotylephorus Bloch, 1794 Fr, Br native  Riqui-riqui (Spanish)  31.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Aspredinidae Pseudobunocephalus lundbergi Friel, 2008 Fr native   2.91 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Aspredinidae Pterobunocephalus depressus (Haseman, 1911) Fr native   8.90 cm SL male/unsexed   
Aspredinidae Xyliphius kryptos Taphorn & Lilyestrom, 1983 Fr native   11.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36695). 
Aspredinidae Xyliphius lepturus Orcés V., 1962 Fr native   13.20 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Aspredinidae Xyliphius melanopterus Orcés V., 1962 Fr native   14.70 cm SL male/unsexed   
Astroblepidae Astroblepus chotae (Regan, 1904) Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Astroblepidae Astroblepus orientalis (Boulenger, 1903) Fr native   8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lake Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 37058). Found in Albireggas and Milla rivers (Ref. 6868).  No picture yet.
Astroblepidae Astroblepus phelpsi Schultz, 1944 Fr native   7.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Maracaibo basin.  No picture yet.
Atherinopsidae Atherinella venezuelae (Eigenmann, 1920) Fr native    Type locality, Río Tapa Tapa, Venezuela (Ref. 26282).  No picture yet.
Atherinopsidae Membras analis (Schultz, 1948) Fr, Br, M native   12.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of Membras analis, Lake Maracaibo, 1 km off Pueblo Viejo (Ref. 49563). 
Auchenipteridae Ageneiosus inermis (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr native  Doncella (Spanish)  64.80 cm TL male/unsexed   
Auchenipteridae Ageneiosus lineatus Ribeiro, Rapp Py-Daniel & Walsh, 2017 Fr native   16.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Ageneiosus magoi Castillo & Brull G., 1989 Fr native  Doncella (Spanish)  18.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco basin (Ref. 37098). 
Auchenipteridae Ageneiosus pardalis Lütken, 1874 Fr native  Doncella (Spanish)  63.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Auchenipteridae Ageneiosus ucayalensis Castelnau, 1855 Fr native   35.20 cm SL male/unsexed   
Auchenipteridae Ageneiosus vittatus Steindachner, 1908 Fr native   22.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Asterophysus batrachus Kner, 1858 Fr native  Bagre sapo (Spanish)  25.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Auchenipteridae Auchenipterus ambyiacus Fowler, 1915 Fr native  Bagre (Spanish)  24.40 cm SL male/unsexed   
Auchenipteridae Auchenipterus demerarae Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   10.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Cuyuni River basin (Ref. 37098).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Centromochlus musaicus (Royero, 1992) Fr native   6.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Atabapo and Autana River basins in upper Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 37098). 
Auchenipteridae Duringlanis romani (Mees, 1988) Fr native   3.27 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from San Juan River basin (Ref. 37098). 
Auchenipteridae Entomocorus gameroi Mago-Leccia, 1984 Fr native   7.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Apure River basin in Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 37098). Type locality, mouth of Rio Apurito in the Apure River, near San Fernando de Apure, Guácico, MBUCV V-13808 (Ref. 6868, 57707).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Epapterus blohmi Vari, Jewett, Taphorn & Gilbert, 1984 Fr native   8.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Laguna Los Guácimos, Orinoco basin in Guarico (Ref. 6868), other portions of the Rio Orinoco basin and Rio Tuy (Ref. 28844).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Gelanoglanis nanonocticolus Soares-Porto, Walsh, Nico & Netto, 1999 Fr native   2.22 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Rio Asisa, a blackwater stream draining the southwestern slopes of the Parú massif in northeastern Amazonas State. The Rio Asisa feeds into the whitewater Rio Paru, a major southeastern tributary of the Rio Ventuari, upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 32901).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Gelanoglanis stroudi Böhlke, 1980 Fr native   3.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Apure and Rio Masparro (Ref. 37098).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Pseudauchenipterus nodosus (Bloch, 1794) Fr, Br native   22.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Auchenipteridae Pseudepapterus gracilis Ferraris & Vari, 2000 Fr native   8.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Caura River basin (Ref. 37098).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Tatia galaxias Mees, 1974 Fr native   12.56 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the middle Orinoco River basin (Ref. 79512). Known from L'Apure (Ref. 6868).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Tatia marthae Vari & Ferraris, 2013 Fr native   2.31 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from a small tributary of the Río Caura, a southern tributary of the Río Orinoco basin, Bolivar (Ref. 94484).  No picture yet.
Auchenipteridae Tatia strigata Soares-Porto, 1995 Fr native   11.68 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Amazon and the Orinoco (Ref. 26667). 
Auchenipteridae Tetranematichthys quadrifilis (Kner, 1858) Fr native   16.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Auchenipteridae Trachelyopterichthys anduzei Ferraris & Fernandez, 1987 Fr native   14.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Laguna de Carida, Rio Orinoco (Ref. 6868). 
Auchenipteridae Trachelyopterichthys taeniatus (Kner, 1858) Fr native   15.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River (Ref. 37098). 
Auchenipteridae Trachelyopterus peloichthys (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   20.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Occurs in Lago de Maracaibo (Ref. 26543). 
Auchenipteridae Trachycorystes trachycorystes (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr native   35.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Belonidae Belonion dibranchodon Collette, 1966 Fr native   4.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Río Atabapo, tributary of Orinoco River (Ref. 30923). Also Ref. 40653. 
Belonidae Potamorrhaphis guianensis (Jardine, 1843) Fr native   29.10 cm TL male/unsexed   
Belonidae Potamorrhaphis petersi Collette, 1974 Fr native   24.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 50279).  No picture yet.
Belonidae Pseudotylosurus microps (Günther, 1866) Fr native   44.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 40653).  No picture yet.
Belonidae Strongylura marina (Walbaum, 1792) Fr, Br, M native  Marao de laguna (Spanish), Marao (Spanish)  111 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 3129. 
Bryconidae Brycon amazonicus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr native  Bocón (Spanish), Palambra (Spanish)  46.22 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 38504. 
Bryconidae Brycon bicolor Pellegrin, 1909 Fr native  Bocón (Spanish), Palambra (Spanish)  11.85 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38504). 
Bryconidae Brycon coquenani Steindachner, 1915 Fr native  Aruma (Spanish)  17.06 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Kuquenan River, upper Caroni River in Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38504). Also Ref. 598.  No picture yet.
Bryconidae Brycon falcatus Müller & Troschel, 1844 Fr native   48.90 cm SL male/unsexed ;49.50 cm SL female   
Bryconidae Brycon pesu Müller & Troschel, 1845 Fr native   18.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 12225. 
Bryconidae Brycon polylepis Mosco Morales, 1988 Fr native  Palambra (Spanish), Diénton (Spanish)  22.37 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 38504).  No picture yet.
Bryconidae Brycon unicolor Mosco Morales, 1988 Fr native   34.55 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 38504).  No picture yet.
Bryconidae Brycon whitei Myers & Weitzman, 1960 Fr native  Bocón (Spanish), Palambra (Spanish)  38.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38504). Recorded from Guanare and Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172). 
Bryconidae Salminus hilarii Valenciennes, 1850 Fr native  Dorada (Spanish), Saltador (Spanish), Saltadora (Spanish), Sauta (Spanish)  50.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Bocono river (Ref. 40172). 
Callichthyidae Callichthys callichthys (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr native   21.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Callichthyidae Callichthys serralabium Lehmann A. & Reis, 2004 Fr native   15.81 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco River basin and in the upper reaches of the Negro River basin of the Amazon River drainage in southern Venezuela (Ref. 55482). Type locality, Laguna Tonina, 1 km upstream from La Esmeralda, upper Río Orinoco, 3°08'00"N, 65°32'00"W, La Esmeralda, Estado amazonas (Ref. 54621).  No picture yet.
Callichthyidae Corydoras aeneus (Gill, 1858) Fr native   7.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 1672. 
Callichthyidae Corydoras blochi Nijssen, 1971 Fr native   4.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco drainages (Ref. 26041). 
Callichthyidae Corydoras boehlkei Nijssen & Isbrücker, 1982 Fr native   2.57 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Caura River basin in the Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 37395). Recorded from the Rio Cuchime, Edo Bolivar (Ref. 26041).  No picture yet.
Callichthyidae Corydoras bondi Gosline, 1940 Fr native   4.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Rio Yuruari (Ref. 26041). 
Callichthyidae Corydoras brevirostris Fraser-Brunner, 1947 Fr native   5.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37395). 
Callichthyidae Corydoras concolor Weitzman, 1961 Fr native   5.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37395). Recorded from the Rio Parguaza and its tributary at Las Mangas, Estado Bolivar (Ref. 26041). 
Callichthyidae Corydoras habrosus Weitzman, 1960 Fr native   2.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37395). Recorded from the Rio Salinas, a tributary of the Rio Pao Viejo, El Baul, Codajes (Ref. 26041). 
Callichthyidae Corydoras osteocarus Böhlke, 1951 Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in San Fernando de Atabapo (where the Atabapo empties into the Rio Orinoco) (Ref. 26041). 
Callichthyidae Corydoras septentrionalis Gosline, 1940 Fr native   4.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37395). Found in the Rio Pina (Rio Guarapiche system) and Rio Guanipa system (Ref. 26041). 
Callichthyidae Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock, 1828) Fr native   26.30 cm TL male/unsexed   
Callichthyidae Hoplosternum magdalenae Eigenmann, 1913 Fr native   11.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Lago Maracaibo basin (Ref. 26144). 
Callichthyidae Megalechis picta (Müller & Troschel, 1849) Fr native   17.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from La Pedrita: Caño Uracoa, delta do rio Orinoco (Ref. 26144). 
Callichthyidae Megalechis thoracata (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr native   15.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Carangidae Oligoplites palometa (Cuvier, 1832) Fr, Br, M native  Zapatero (Spanish) common (usually seen) 49.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Common in areas adjacent to the Orinoco, Gulf of Paria, the estuarine zone of Maracaibo Lake and has been recorded from the northeastern coast and the Los Roques archipelago (Ref. 9626). 
Carcharhinidae Carcharhinus leucas (Valenciennes, 1839) Fr, Br, M native   360 cm TL male/unsexed ;400 cm TL female   
Centrarchidae Lepomis gibbosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr introduced   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Centrarchidae Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819 Fr introduced   41.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Centropomidae Centropomus ensiferus Poey, 1860 Fr, Br, M native  Robalo (Spanish)  36.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 3713. 
Centropomidae Centropomus parallelus Poey, 1860 Fr, Br, M native  Róbalo (Spanish)  72.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cetopsidae Cetopsidium minutum (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native   4.90 cm SL male/unsexed   
Cetopsidae Cetopsidium morenoi (Fernández-Yépez, 1972) Fr native   4.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in western tributaries of Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36486). Type locality: Río Aguaro, Estado Guárico, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868).  No picture yet.
Cetopsidae Cetopsidium pemon Vari, Ferraris & de Pinna, 2005 Fr native   4.26 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from rio Caroni and rio Caura basins, southern tributaries of the rio Orinoco in eastern Venezuela (Ref. 56045). 
Cetopsidae Cetopsis coecutiens (Lichtenstein, 1819) Fr native  Bagre ciego (Spanish)  27.30 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cetopsidae Cetopsis motatanensis (Schultz, 1944) Fr native  Bagre ciego (Spanish)  15.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Río Motatán, 4 km above Motatán (Ref. 26282). Also Ref. 36486. 
Cetopsidae Cetopsis orinoco (Schultz, 1944) Fr native  Bagre ciego (Spanish)  9.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36486). Type locality, Río Torbes, 1 km above Táriba, Río Orinoco system, Venezuela (Ref. 26282).  No picture yet.
Cetopsidae Denticetopsis praecox (Ferraris & Brown, 1991) Fr native   5.29 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Negro River basin (Ref. 36486). Type locality, Neblina base camp, Río Mawarinuma, Río Baria drainage, Terr. Fed. Amazonas, s. Venezuela (Ref. 26282).  No picture yet.
Cetopsidae Denticetopsis royeroi Ferraris, 1996 Fr native   1.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Negro River basin (Ref. 36486). Type locality, Caño Chola at crossing of San Carlos de R. Negro to Solano Rd., 1°58'N, 67°00'W, Amazonas (Ref. 26282).  No picture yet.
Cetopsidae Denticetopsis sauli Ferraris, 1996 Fr native   2.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Found around the mouth of Pamoni River (Ref. 36486). Type locality, outflow stream from series of morichales, ca. 5 km from mouth of Río Pamoni, Amazonas (Ref. 26282). 
Cetopsidae Helogenes marmoratus Günther, 1863 Fr native   7.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Upper Río Orinoco and Río Negro. 
Cetopsidae Helogenes uruyensis Fernández-Yépez, 1967 Fr endemic   4.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Río Uruyén, which flows from the southeast of Auyantepui in Guayana.   No picture yet.
Chalceidae Chalceus macrolepidotus Cuvier, 1818 Fr native   25.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Acestrocephalus boehlkei Menezes, 1977 Fr native   13.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36811). 
Characidae Acestrocephalus sardina (Fowler, 1913) Fr native   15.60 cm SL male/unsexed ;21.70 cm SL female  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811). Type locality, Río Cinaruco, beach in front of Laguna Larga, Muñoz district, 6°33'45"N, 67°24'W, Apure State, Venezuela (Ref. 39943). 
Characidae Aphyocharax colifax Taphorn & Thomerson, 1991 Fr native  Aletas de sangre (Spanish)  5.02 cm male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38382).  No picture yet.
Characidae Aphyocharax yekwanae Willink, Chernoff & Machado-Allison, 2003 Fr native  common (usually seen) 5.64 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from Río Caura basin upstream from Salto Pará. Most common in the lee side of islands and protected backwaters of the main river channel (Ref. 49521).  No picture yet.
Characidae Astyanax bimaculatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr native   17.50 cm TL male/unsexed   
Characidae Astyanax maximus (Steindachner, 1876) Fr native   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Astyanax myersi (Fernández-Yépez, 1950) Fr native    Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). Also Ref. 598.  No picture yet.
Characidae Astyanax scintillans Myers, 1928 Fr native   3.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Characidae Astyanax siapae Garutti, 2003 Fr native   9.43 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Casiquiare-Orinoco basin (Ref. 55833). 
Characidae Astyanax superbus Myers, 1942 Fr native    Also Ref. 598. 
Characidae Astyanax venezuelae Schultz, 1944 Fr native   5.00 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Characidae Aulixidens eugeniae Böhlke, 1952 Fr native   4.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Bryconamericus alpha Eigenmann, 1914 Fr native   7.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). Also Ref. 49957. 
Characidae Bryconamericus charalae Román-Valencia, 2005 Fr native    Known only from Rio Aroa drainage in Lara (Ref. 77139). 
Characidae Bryconamericus cinarucoense Román-Valencia, Taphorn & Ruiz-C., 2008 Fr native   3.73 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Cinaruco River of the Orinoco River basin in southern Apure State (Ref. 77139). 
Characidae Bryconamericus cismontanus Eigenmann, 1914 Fr native   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Bryconamericus deuterodonoides Eigenmann, 1914 Fr native   5.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River and Maracaibo Lake basins (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Bryconamericus lassorum Román-Valencia, 2002 Fr native    Type locality, Stream El Caño, 10 km from Aragua to Maturin, Rio Guarapiche-San Juan system, Golfo de Paria basin, 9°55'10"N, 63°24'53"W, Monagas State (Ref. 50838). 
Characidae Bryconamericus macrophthalmus Román-Valencia, 2003 Fr native   4.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from bacia do rio Negro, bajo La boca Del Casiquiare in Raudal, Amazonas (Ref. 99308). 
Characidae Bryconamericus motatanensis Schultz, 1944 Fr native   4.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 38376). Type locality: Río San Juan at bridge s. of Mene Grande, Motatán system, Venezuela. 
Characidae Bryconamericus orinocoensis Román-Valencia, 2003 Fr native   2.94 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from bacia do rio Orinoco, rio arriba de La Esmeralda in Amazonas (Ref. 99308). 
Characidae Bryconamericus singularis Román-Valencia, Taphorn & Ruiz-C., 2008 Fr native   3.86 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Cinaruco River, Orinoco River basin in Apure State (Ref. 77139). 
Characidae Bryconamericus subtilisform Román-Valencia, 2003 Fr native    Type locality, Drainage Río Caura, Río Carapo, ca. 4°10'03"N, 63°58'03"W, Río Orinoco basin, Escudo de Guayana, Bolivar State (Ref. 50838). 
Characidae Bryconamericus yokiae Román-Valencia, 2003 Fr native   6.77 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Río Salado, al N.E. de Güiria, cuenca del Caribe en la Península de Paria, Estado Sucre (Ref. 49957). 
Characidae Ceratobranchia joanae Chernoff & Machado-Allison, 1990 Fr native   3.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Charax apurensis Lucena, 1987 Fr native   11.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811).  No picture yet.
Characidae Charax metae Eigenmann, 1922 Fr native   13.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Meta River basin (Ref. 36811).  No picture yet.
Characidae Charax notulatus Lucena, 1987 Fr native   6.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the lower Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811). Museum: tributary of Río Orinoco, Territorio Federal Delta do Amacuro, MZUSP 28659 (Ref. 27925).  No picture yet.
Characidae Cheirodontops geayi Schultz, 1944 Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37055). 
Characidae Corynopoma riisei Gill, 1858 Fr native  Sardinita cachete de espada (Spanish)  4.82 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Creagrutus bolivari Schultz, 1944 Fr native   5.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Río Orinoco basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus crenatus Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   7.02 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the upper Tocuyo River (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus ephippiatus Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   5.84 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Siapa River, southern tributary of Casiquiare River, upper Negro River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus gyrospilus Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   6.23 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus hildebrandi Schultz, 1944 Fr native   6.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Maracaibo Lake basin and Gulf of Venezuela (Ref. 38376). Type locality: Río Táchira, 7 km n. of San Antonio, Catatumbo system, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Characidae Creagrutus hysginus Harold, Vari, Machado-Allison & Provenzano, 1994 Fr native   5.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in rivers draining into Gulf of Paria, Estados Sucre and Monagas (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus lassoi Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   7.54 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Aroa and Yaracuy River basins, Caribbean versant drainages of north central Venezuela (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus lepidus Vari, Harold, Lasso & Machado-Allison, 1993 Fr endemic   4.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Rio Aroa basin, Sierra de Aroa, Yaracuy (Ref. 26732).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus machadoi Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   4.45 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Caura River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus magoi Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   6.48 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Chaviripa and Parguaza River basins, right bank tributaries to the Orinoco River (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus maracaiboensis (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   2.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lago Maracaibo basin.  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus maxillaris (Myers, 1927) Fr native   7.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the upper Río Negro (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus melanzonus Eigenmann, 1909 Fr native   3.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Cuyuni River (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus melasma Vari, Harold & Taphorn, 1994 Fr native   4.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin and Tuy and Neveri rivers of Caribbean Sea versant (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Creagrutus paralacus Harold & Vari, 1994 Fr native   6.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in southern and southeastern tributaries to Lago Maracaibo (Ref. 28667). Type locality, Río Táchira, Río Catatumbo basin, 7 km north of San Antonio (Ref. 26282). 
Characidae Creagrutus phasma Myers, 1927 Fr native   6.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from Casiquiare canal.  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus provenzanoi Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   5.76 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Cataniapo River basin, right bank tributary of the Orinoco River (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus runa Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   6.27 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Negro River (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus taphorni Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   7.41 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Piedmont streams of north central Venezuela, east of Andean Cordilleras, largely in Orinoco River and Tuy River basins of Caribbean versant (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus veruina Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   4.47 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Cataniapo River basin, east bank tributary of middle Orinoco River (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus vexillapinnus Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   5.04 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus xiphos Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   2.77 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Mato River in the Caura River basin, Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Creagrutus zephyrus Vari & Harold, 2001 Fr native   3.98 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Negro River (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Ctenobrycon oliverai Benine, Lopes & Ron, 2010 Fr native    Known from the rio Orinoco drainage and its main tributary, rio Apure (Ref. 85787).  No picture yet.
Characidae Ctenobrycon spilurus (Valenciennes, 1850) Fr native  Bobita (Spanish)  8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Cynopotamus bipunctatus Pellegrin, 1909 Fr native  Dientón (Spanish), Jibao (Spanish)  17.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811).  No picture yet.
Characidae Cynopotamus venezuelae (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   23.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36811).  No picture yet.
Characidae Gephyrocharax melanocheir Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   4.19 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the tributary to Magdalena River near Honda. Also known from the Cauca and San Jorge River basins (Ref. 38597).  No picture yet.
Characidae Gephyrocharax valencia Eigenmann, 1920 Fr native  Sardina (Spanish)  4.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in Valencia Lake tributaries and Guarico River basin (Ref. 38587).  No picture yet.
Characidae Gephyrocharax venezuelae Schultz, 1944 Fr native   4.14 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the tributaries of Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 38597). Type locality: Río San Juan at the bridge south of Mene Grande, Motatán system, Venezuela (Ref. 26543). 
Characidae Gymnocorymbus bondi (Fowler, 1911) Fr native  Bobita (Spanish)  5.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Gymnotichthys hildae Fernández-Yépez, 1950 Fr native   7.10 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Characidae Hemibrycon jabonero Schultz, 1944 Fr native   11.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 38376). Also Ref. 38376. 
Characidae Hemibrycon metae Myers, 1930 Fr native   7.97 cm SL male/unsexed ;9.31 cm SL female  Known from río Orinoco basin and Caribbean coastal basins of Venezuela (Ref. 85819).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hemigrammus analis Durbin, 1909 Fr native   3.90 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Apure River basin, Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hemigrammus barrigonae Eigenmann & Henn, 1914 Fr native  Sardinita dos líneas (Spanish)  4.09 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Hemigrammus elegans (Steindachner, 1882) Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Characidae Hemigrammus lunatus Durbin, 1918 Fr native   4.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the upper río Orinoco and río Caura (Ref. 96864).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hemigrammus marginatus Ellis, 1911 Fr native   4.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Hemigrammus micropterus Meek, 1907 Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Los Castillos (Ref. 38376). Also Ref. 598. 
Characidae Hemigrammus microstomus Durbin, 1918 Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hemigrammus mimus Böhlke, 1955 Fr native   2.83 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Characidae Hemigrammus newboldi (Fernández-Yépez, 1949) Fr native   5.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 38376. 
Characidae Hemigrammus schmardae (Steindachner, 1882) Fr native   5.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Hemigrammus stictus (Durbin, 1909) Fr native   4.30 cm TL male/unsexed   
Characidae Hemigrammus taphorni Benine & Lopes, 2007 Fr native   4.22 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Río Caura, a tributary of Rio Orinoco (Ref. 72397).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hemigrammus unilineatus (Gill, 1858) Fr native   5.30 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 12225. 
Characidae Hyphessobrycon albolineatus Fernández-Yépez, 1950 Fr native   2.58 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from Rio Autana, Rio Orinoco basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hyphessobrycon epicharis Weitzman & Palmer, 1997 Fr native   3.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Cerro de la Neblina, on the southern most border of the country with Brazil. 
Characidae Hyphessobrycon fernandezi Fernández-Yépez, 1972 Fr native   3.66 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Yaracuy River basin (Ref. 38376). Also Ref. 96858. 
Characidae Hyphessobrycon hildae Fernández-Yépez, 1950 Fr native   1.88 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Autana River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hyphessobrycon metae Eigenmann & Henn, 1914 Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Hyphessobrycon otrynus Benine & Lopes, 2008 Fr native   3.38 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from tributaries of the río Portuguesa, río Orinoco drainage (Ref. 75593).  No picture yet.
Characidae Hyphessobrycon paucilepis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn, 2008 Fr native   2.85 cm SL male/unsexed  Found only in the type locality ( Los Quediches Reservoir) and small adjacent drainages in Lara state, northern Venezuela (Ref. 79635). 
Characidae Hyphessobrycon rheophilus Ohara, Teixeira, Albornoz-Garzón, Mirande & Lima, 2019 Fr native   4.22 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Characidae Hyphessobrycon sovichthys Schultz, 1944 Fr native   3.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 38376). Type locality: Ciénaga del Guanavana, about 10 km north of Sinamaica, Maricaibo basin, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). Also Ref. 598. 
Characidae Hyphessobrycon tuyensis García-Alzate, Román-Valencia & Taphorn, 2008 Fr native   3.13 cm SL male/unsexed  Konly from the type locality, the Tuy River drainage of northern Venezuela. Its conservation status is probably critical due to influx of domestic sewage that has caused severe eutrophication in the habitat of this species (Ref. 79635). 
Characidae Jupiaba abramoides (Eigenmann, 1909) Fr native   12.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River (Ref. 12225). 
Characidae Jupiaba scologaster (Weitzman & Vari, 1986) Fr native   3.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Caño Manu, Río Negro, Amazonas, Venezuela (Ref. 26282).  No picture yet.
Characidae Knodus meridae Eigenmann, 1911 Fr native   4.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Makunaima guianensis (Eigenmann, 1909) Fr native   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 598. 
Characidae Markiana geayi (Pellegrin, 1909) Fr native   10.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). Also Ref. 598. 
Characidae Microschemobrycon callops Böhlke, 1953 Fr native   3.48 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Microschemobrycon casiquiare Böhlke, 1953 Fr native   3.48 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Casiquiare River basins (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Moenkhausia chrysargyrea (Günther, 1864) Fr native  Palometa Aro de Oro (Spanish)  12.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Moenkhausia collettii (Steindachner, 1882) Fr native  Bobita (Spanish)  6.40 cm TL male/unsexed   
Characidae Moenkhausia copei (Steindachner, 1882) Fr native  Bobita (Spanish), Sardinita (Spanish)  6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Moenkhausia cotinho Eigenmann, 1908 Fr native  Bobita (Spanish)  6.12 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner, 1858) Fr native  Sardinita tijeras (Spanish)  10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Moenkhausia intermedia Eigenmann, 1908 Fr native   8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Moenkhausia lepidura (Kner, 1858) Fr native   10.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Moenkhausia miangi Steindachner, 1915 Fr native  Bobita (Spanish), Curuku (Spanish)  8.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the upper Caroni River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Moenkhausia mikia Marinho & Langeani, 2010 Fr native   7.83 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the rio Parguaza, rio Orinoco basin (Ref. 85074).  No picture yet.
Characidae Moenkhausia oligolepis (Günther, 1864) Fr native  Bobita (Spanish)  10.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Moenkhausia pittieri Eigenmann, 1920 Fr endemic  Bobita (Spanish)  6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Lake Valencia basin (Ref. 38376). Recorded from the Rio Triquirito (Ref. 13676). Also Ref. 598. 
Characidae Moenkhausia schultzi Fernández-Yépez, 1950 Fr native    Known from Rio Autana, Rio Orinoco drainage (Ref. 85074).  No picture yet.
Characidae Odontostilbe pao Bührnheim & Malabarba, 2007 Fr native   2.93 cm SL male/unsexed  Found only in the type locality río Pao, affluent of the río Chirgua-Guanare system, río Portuguesa, río Apure-Orinoco basin (Ref. 75063).  No picture yet.
Characidae Odontostilbe pulchra (Gill, 1858) Fr native   3.72 cm SL male/unsexed ;3.69 cm SL female  Widely distributed in río Orinoco basin, smaller coastal drainages of Venezuela, Lake Valencia system and the rio Essequibo basin (Ref. 75063).  No picture yet.
Characidae Odontostilbe splendida Bührnheim & Malabarba, 2007 Fr native   3.64 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.16 cm SL female  Known from the Orinoco and Apure river basins (Ref. 75063).  No picture yet.
Characidae Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz, 1956) Fr, Or native  fairly common (chances are about 50%) 2.51 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Paracheirodon simulans (Géry, 1963) Fr native   2.02 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the upper Orinoco River basin. 
Characidae Paragoniates alburnus Steindachner, 1876 Fr native   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Parapristella georgiae Géry, 1964 Fr native   5.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Aguaro River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Characidae Petitella rhodostoma (Ahl, 1924) Fr native   5.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Characidae Phenacogaster maculoblonga Lucena & Malabarba, 2010 Fr native   4.54 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, caño Caballepe, MBUCV-V-30230 (holotype of Phenacogaster maculoblongus, 4.54 cm SL). Known from Alto Rio Cuyuni, sistema do Rio Essequibo e baixo Rio Orinoco (Ref. 84092). 
Characidae Phenacogaster prolata Lucena & Malabarba, 2010 Fr native   4.99 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, pequeno afluente do Caño Urami (próximo a Santa Lucia, depto. Río Negro), MBUCV-V 33242 (holotype of Phenacogaster prolatus, 4.99 cm SL). Known from Sistema do Rio Orinoco, Canal Casiquiare e Rio Negro, sistema do Rio Amazonas (Ref. 84092). 
Characidae Phenagoniates macrolepis (Meek & Hildebrand, 1913) Fr native   4.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Poptella compressa (Günther, 1864) Fr native   10.20 cm TL male/unsexed   
Characidae Poptella longipinnis (Popta, 1901) Fr native   6.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36891). 
Characidae Priocharax ariel Weitzman & Vari, 1987 Fr native   1.52 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Negro and Orinoco River basins (Ref. 36811). Type locality, Caño Manu, tributary of Río Casiquiare, Río Negro, Amazonas (Ref. 28825). Also Ref. 27925.  No picture yet.
Characidae Pristella maxillaris (Ulrey, 1894) Fr native   4.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Characidae Psalidodon fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) Fr native  Viejita (Spanish)  17.10 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Isla de Guerra, Orinoco. 
Characidae Ptychocharax rhyacophila Weitzman, Fink, Machado-Allison & Royero L., 1994 Fr native   6.24 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Alto Río Siapa, tributary of the Río Casiquiare, Amazonas (Ref. 26734). Also Ref. 38597.  No picture yet.
Characidae Roeboides affinis (Günther, 1868) Fr native  Dientudo (Spanish)  11.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Characidae Roeboides araguaito Lucena, 2003 Fr native   11.09 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco river basin (Ref. 57858).  No picture yet.
Characidae Roeboides dientonito Schultz, 1944 Fr native  Dientonito (Spanish)  6.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Río Palmar at the bridge, 70 km southwest of Maracaibo (Ref. 36811).  No picture yet.
Characidae Roeboides myersii Gill, 1870 Fr native   22.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811). 
Characidae Roeboides numerosus Lucena, 2000 Fr native   6.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36811).  No picture yet.
Characidae Saccoderma melanostigma Schultz, 1944 Fr native   2.67 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 37055). Type locality: Río San Juan near bridge, s. of Mene Grande, Motatán system, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Characidae Serrabrycon magoi Vari, 1986 Fr native   3.16 cm SL male/unsexed  Museum: drying lagoon NE of the airport of San Carlos de Rio Negro, Departamento Rio Negro, Território Federal Amazonas, MZUSP 28749 (paratypes) (Ref. 27925).  No picture yet.
Characidae Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier, 1816 Fr native   11.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Reported from Bolivar: rio Orinoco (Ref. 87186). Also Ref. 124043. 
Characidae Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 Fr native   12.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 79891). Also Ref. 12225, 124043. 
Characidae Xenagoniates bondi Myers, 1942 Fr native   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin and coastal drainages (Ref. 38376). Also Ref. 598.  No picture yet.
Chilodontidae Caenotropus labyrinthicus (Kner, 1858) Fr native  Cochúo (Spanish), Cabeza pa'bajo (Spanish), Conchuo (Spanish)  14.80 cm SL male/unsexed ;25.30 cm SL female  Occurs in the Amazon and Orinoco basins (Ref. 27703). Also Ref. 37477. 
Chilodontidae Caenotropus maculosus (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native   10.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Río Cuyuni system of eastern Venezuela (Ref. 27703). Also Ref. 37477.  No picture yet.
Chilodontidae Caenotropus mestomorgmatos Vari, Castro & Raredon, 1995 Fr native   19.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco and upper Rio Negro. (Ref. 27703). Museum: Rio Orinoco Basin, Rio Iguapo, MZUSP 43285 (Ref. 27925). Also Ref. 37477.  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Acaronia vultuosa Kullander, 1989 Fr native   12.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Negro and Orinoco River basins (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Small drying pool off road from El Burro to Puerto Ayacucho, ca. 5°47'N, 67°29'W, Depto. Ature, Amazonas, Venezuela Ref. 12965). 
Cichlidae Aequidens chimantanus Inger, 1956 Fr endemic  Chusco (Spanish), Mochoroca (Spanish)  10.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Caroní River basin in Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Río Abácapa, west side of Chimantá-tepui, Venezuela, elev. 1300 ft. (Ref. 12965). 
Cichlidae Aequidens diadema (Heckel, 1840) Fr native   11.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin in tributaries of the Orinoco River (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Aequidens superomaculatum Hernández-Acevedo, Machado-Allison & Lasso, 2015 Fr native   6.52 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Aequidens superomaculatum, Estado Amazonas, río Casiquiare - río Baria, apróx. 3 km río abajo del campamento base La Neblina (Ref. 121640).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Aequidens tetramerus (Heckel, 1840) Fr native   19.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco drainage (Ref. 26372). Also Ref. 36377. 
Cichlidae Andinoacara pulcher (Gill, 1858) Fr native  Cocoroba (Spanish)  16.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River. Also Ref. 1739. 
Cichlidae Apistogramma diplotaenia Kullander, 1987 Fr native   2.92 cm SL male/unsexed ;4.50 cm TL female  Known from the Amazon River basin, in the middle Negro River (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Apistogramma flabellicauda Mesa S. & Lasso, 2011 Fr native    Known from the rio Orinoco basin (Ref. 89990).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Apistogramma guttata Antonio C., Kullander & Lasso A., 1989 Fr endemic   3.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Morichal Largo River in northeastern Venezuela (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Venezuela, Estado Anzoátegui, Río Morichal Largo, close to village San Miguel, 63°22'W 8°38'N (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Apistogramma helkeri Schindler & Staeck, 2013 Fr native   4.01 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from the type locality in the drainage of the lower río Cuao, a tributary of the lower río Sipapo, Estado Amazonas (Ref. 94599).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Apistogramma hoignei Meinken, 1965 Fr native  Mochoroca (Spanish)  6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin, in the Portuguesa, Aracua, and lower Caura River drainages, and along the mainstream of the lower Orinoco River to Barrancas (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Apistogramma hongsloi Kullander, 1979 Fr native   3.40 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.00 cm female  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Apistogramma inornata Staeck, 2003 Fr native    Known from Rio Maniapure and Rio Tiquire of the Orinoco basin (Ref. 55839).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Apistogramma ortmanni (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native   4.10 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.50 cm female  Museum: Rio Cuyuni drainage, MHNLS 4186, 4189. 
Cichlidae Apistogramma velifera Staeck, 2003 Fr native    Known from the middle Orinoco system (Ref. 55839). 
Cichlidae Astronotus mikoljii Lozano, Lasso-Alcalá, Bittencourt, Taphorn, Perez & Farias, 2022 Fr native  Mikolji’s Oscar (English), Oscar de Mikolji (Spanish)  24.01 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Astronotus mikoljii, Estado Apure, Pedro Camejo Municipio in a small stream (tributary of the Arauca River), Known from the lower Orinoco River basin, along the floodplain of its main channel and in the drainages of the following rivers (or sub-basins): Atabapo, Inírida, Guaviare, Vichada, Bita, Meta, Tomo, Arauca, Apure, Caura, Morichal Largo and Delta; in the Gulf of Paria basin; and, introduced in other watersheds of Venezuela such as Lago de Valencia and in reservoirs of the Mar Caribe basin (drainages of the Unare, Tuy, Coro and San Juan rivers (Isla de Margarita)(Ref. 126783). 
Cichlidae Biotodoma wavrini (Gosse, 1963) Fr native   10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Amazon River and the Orinoco River basins (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Biotoecus dicentrarchus Kullander, 1989 Fr native  Rebeca (Spanish)  3.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Maripa, Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377) 
Cichlidae Caquetaia kraussii (Steindachner, 1878) Fr native  Mojarra (Spanish)  26.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Maracaibo basin (Ref. 12251). Introduced in the Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Chaetobranchus flavescens Heckel, 1840 Fr native   21.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;26.00 cm TL female  Known from the Rio Apure, Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Cichla intermedia Machado-Allison, 1971 Fr native  Pavón (Spanish), Pavón real (Spanish)  55.00 cm TL male/unsexed 28 SL Recorded from specimens taken from Rio Cinaruco in Apure state, and from the Rio Casiquiare (Rio Cunucuna, Rio Cataniapo), reflecting the fragmented range given by other publications; also from Rio Siapa drainage, including the lower Rio Caura (Ref. 57716). Type locality: Río Casiquiare, Amazonas Territory, Venezuela (Ref. 12965). Also Ref. 36377. 
Cichlidae Cichla nigromaculata Jardine & Schomburgk, 1843 Fr native   26.25 cm SL male/unsexed   
Cichlidae Cichla orinocensis Humboldt, 1821 Fr native  Pavón (Spanish), Marichapa (Spanish), Pavón amarillo (Spanish), Pavón mariposa (Spanish), Pavón tres estrellas (Spanish)  61.70 cm SL male/unsexed 28 SL Occurs in Río Cinaruco (Río Orinoco drainage of the southern Venezuelan Ilanos) and Río Pasimoni (Río Negro-Amazonas drainage) (Ref. 27531). Also Ref. 36377. 
Cichlidae Cichla temensis Humboldt, 1821 Fr native  Speckled pavon (English), Pavón (Spanish), Pavón venado (Spanish)  99.00 cm TL male/unsexed 33.5 TL Occurs in Río Cinaruco (Río Orinoco drainage of the southern Venezuelan llanos) and Río Pasimoni (Río Negro-Amazonas drainage) (Ref. 27531). 
Cichlidae Cichlasoma bimaculatum (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr native  common (usually seen) 12.30 cm SL male/unsexed ;30.00 cm TL female  Known from the Caroni River in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). Also Ref. 5723, 26372. 
Cichlidae Cichlasoma orinocense Kullander, 1983 Fr native  Mochoroca (Spanish)  10.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Cichlasoma taenia (Bennett, 1831) Fr native  Vieja (Spanish)  12.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Capure Island (Ref. 51849). 
Cichlidae Cleithracara maronii (Steindachner, 1881) Fr native   7.10 cm SL male/unsexed   
Cichlidae Crenicichla frenata Gill, 1858 Fr native   11.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in northeastern Venezuela (Ref. 36377).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Crenicichla geayi Pellegrin, 1903 Fr endemic   18.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin, in the Portuguesa River basin (Ref. 36377).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Crenicichla johanna Heckel, 1840 Fr native   28.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Crenicichla saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Cichlidae Crenicichla sveni Ploeg, 1991 Fr native   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Crenicichla zebrina Montaña, López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2008 Fr native   26.40 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Cichlidae Dicrossus filamentosus (Ladiges, 1958) Fr native   3.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Geophagus abalios López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004 Fr native    Known from the Orinoco and Casiquiare drainages in Amazonas State (Ref. 52005). 
Cichlidae Geophagus dicrozoster López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004 Fr native    Known from black water tributaries of the Orinoco as well as Casiquiare and headwaters of the Rio Negro (Ref. 52005). 
Cichlidae Geophagus gottwaldi Schindler & Staeck, 2006 Fr native   19.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, lower río Sipapo at the Raudal Caldero, Estado Amazonas, MTD F 30394 (holotype of Geophagus gottwaldi, 19.8 SL, adult male). Appears to be restricted to the upper río Orinoco and its tributaries in southwestern part of the country, collected only in the lower río Sipapo and the lower río Atabapo (Ref. 78437).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Geophagus grammepareius Kullander & Taphorn, 1992 Fr endemic   10.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin in the upper Caura and lower Caroní River basins (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Río Caroní drainage, middle Río Claro in Vuelta El Susto, 7°40'40"N, 63°08'05"W, Bolívar State, Venezuela (Ref. 12965)..  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Geophagus steindachneri Eigenmann & Hildebrand, 1922 Fr native   19.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Lago de Maracaibo basin, only in the upper reaches of the Guasare and Socuy rivers (Ref. 26543). Also found in the Limón River (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Geophagus taeniopareius Kullander & Royero, 1992 Fr endemic   14.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin in the lower Caura River and along the middle and upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Río Orinoco, Raudales d Ature, e. shore, 5°36'N, 67°37'W, Territorio Federal Amazonas, Venezuela (Ref. 12251). 
Cichlidae Geophagus winemilleri López-Fernández & Taphorn, 2004 Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the lower Casiquiare drainage and headwaters of the Rio Negro in southern Venezuela. 
Cichlidae Guianacara cuyunii López-Fernández, Taphorn Baechle & Kullander, 2006 Fr native   7.49 cm SL male/unsexed  Knownn only from the upper Cuyuní River drainage. Most collections come from the roadside near the Anacoco Island on the Cuyuní main channel and from small tributaries, especially the Venamo, Botanamo, and Yuruarí (Ref. 57436).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Guianacara stergiosi López-Fernández, Taphorn Baechle & Kullander, 2006 Fr native   7.97 cm SL male/unsexed  Restricted to clear and blackwater tributaries in the country's part of the Guiana Shield. It is most abundant in the Caroní River drainage, with most samples coming from the Claro and the Paragua rivers. It was found to be apparently absent from the lower Caura drainage (Ref. 57436). 
Cichlidae Heros liberifer Staeck & Schindler, 2015 Fr native   16.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the basin of the upper and middle Rio Orinoco. Collected from the the following localities: Banjo of Aripao, southeast of Maripa, drainage of the Rio Caura, a tributary of the middle Rio Orinoco; lower Rio Casiquiare near the village of El Niñal at the mouth of the Rio Pasimoni; Laguna Piranha (type locality) on the right bank of the upper Rio Manapiare (tributary to upper Rio Ventuari) a few kilometres downstream from the town of San Juan de Manapiare; lower Rio Atabapo; drainage of the lower Rio Autana; and Pozo Azul some kilometres north of Puerto Ayacucho (Ref. 114589). 
Cichlidae Heros severus Heckel, 1840 Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Hoplarchus psittacus (Heckel, 1840) Fr native   32.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cichlidae Hypselecara coryphaenoides (Heckel, 1840) Fr native   16.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Aguaro River basin and the tributaries of the upper Orinoco River (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Laetacara fulvipinnis Staeck & Schindler, 2007 Fr native   7.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in several localities in the drainage of the upper and middle rio Orinoco, the rio Casiquiare and the upper and middle rio Negro (Ref. 58749). 
Cichlidae Mesonauta insignis (Heckel, 1840) Fr native   12.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Mikrogeophagus ramirezi (Myers & Harry, 1948) Fr native   3.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Nannacara quadrispinae Staeck & Schindler, 2004 Fr native    Known from the drainage of the Orinoco delta in Monagas, eastern Venezuela (Ref. 55920).  No picture yet.
Cichlidae Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) Fr, Br introduced   39.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Manzanares River and its estuary (Ref. 57447). 
Cichlidae Pterophyllum altum Pellegrin, 1903 Fr native   18.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the tributaries of the upper Orinoco River (Atabapo River) to Puerto Ayacucho (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Atabapo, Río Orinoco, Venezuela (Ref. 12965). 
Cichlidae Satanoperca daemon (Heckel, 1840) Fr native   17.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin and Amazon River basin in the upper Negro River (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Satanoperca mapiritensis (Fernández-Yépez, 1950) Fr endemic   14.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin along the lower Orinoco River and in rivers north of the lower Orinoco River (Ref. 36377). Type locality: Río Mapirito al Sur de Maturín, Estado Monagas, Venezuela (Ref. 36377). 
Cichlidae Uaru fernandezyepezi Stawikowski, 1989 Fr endemic  Run Runá (Spanish)  19.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin in the Atabapo River basin (Ref. 36377). 
Crenuchidae Ammocryptocharax elegans Weitzman & Kanazawa, 1976 Fr native   3.25 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from Orinoco river. 
Crenuchidae Ammocryptocharax minutus Buckup, 1993 Fr native   2.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Casiquiare and the Orinoco rivers (Ref. 13683). Also Ref. 37059. 
Crenuchidae Ammocryptocharax vintonae (Eigenmann, 1909) Fr native   9.01 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Uairen river, tributary of the Caroni River, Orinoco basin (Ref. 37059).  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Characidium boavistae Steindachner, 1915 Fr native   5.27 cm SL male/unsexed  Museum: Río Motatán, 4 km above Motatán, Maracaibo basin, Venezuela, USNM 121407 (holotype of Characidium voladorita) (Ref. 26282). 
Crenuchidae Characidium chupa Schultz, 1944 Fr native   8.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo and Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37059). 
Crenuchidae Characidium declivirostre Steindachner, 1915 Fr native   7.97 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37059). Type locality: Río Coquenan, trib. of Río Caroni, Venezuela.  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Characidium longum Taphorn, Montaña & Buckup, 2006 Fr native   3.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the tributaries of blackwater rivers Capanaparo, Cinaruco, Caura and Casiquiare in Apure, Bolivar and Amazonas (Ref. 57857).  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Crenuchus spilurus Günther, 1863 Fr native   5.70 cm TL male/unsexed   
Crenuchidae Elachocharax geryi Weitzman & Kanazawa, 1978 Fr native   1.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Orinoco river (Ref. 13683).  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Elachocharax mitopterus Weitzman, 1986 Fr native   1.39 cm SL male/unsexed  Museum: Caño Chola, Río Negro, Amazonas, about 1°58'N, 67°00'W, MBUCV V-15271 (holotype, 1.38 cm SL) (Ref. 13683). Also Ref. 37059.  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Elachocharax pulcher Myers, 1927 Fr native   2.21 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Casiquiare, Orinoco and Negro rivers. Museum: Caño de Quiribana, near Caicara, CAS 44250 (originally IU 17676) (holotype, 1.6 cm SL) (Ref. 13683). Also Ref. 598. 
Crenuchidae Leptocharacidium omospilus Buckup, 1993 Fr native   6.96 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Mawarinuma, Negro, Casiquaire and the Baria rivers (Ref. 13683). Also occurs in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37059). Also Ref. 37059.  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Melanocharacidium blennioides (Eigenmann, 1909) Fr native   5.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from Cuyuni darinage, Estado Bolivar (Ref. 13683).  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Melanocharacidium compressum Buckup, 1993 Fr native   3.06 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Orinoco and Cataniapo rivers. Museum: Backwater of Museum: Río Orinoco, circa 1/2 hour upstream from Isla Temblador, Amazonas, ANSP 161666 (holotype, 3.06 cm SL) (Ref. 13683). Also Ref. 37059.  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Melanocharacidium depressum Buckup, 1993 Fr native   3.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37059).  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Melanocharacidium dispilomma Buckup, 1993 Fr native   5.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Present in Rio Cuyuni (Ref. 12225). Also found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37059).  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Melanocharacidium melanopteron Buckup, 1993 Fr native   7.19 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Caroni, Ventuari and Orinoco rivers (Ref. 13683). Also Ref. 37059.  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Melanocharacidium pectorale Buckup, 1993 Fr native   4.36 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Microcharacidium gnomus Buckup, 1993 Fr native   2.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37059). Recorded from the Casiquiare, Ventuari, Pozo Azul, Meta and Capanaparo rivers. Museum: Type locality, small stream (Río Orinoco drainage), between Rio Paraiba Grande and Puerto Ayacucho, MBUCV V-21790 (originally USNM 270155, holotype, 2.23 cm SL) (Ref. 13683).  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Microcharacidium weitzmani Buckup, 1993 Fr native   1.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Negro the Orinoco rivers. Museum: A small `caño' (Río Orinoco drainage), 2 km south of Mirabel, between Puerto Ayacucho and Samariapo, Departamento Ature, Territorio Federal del Amazonas, MBUCV V-21796 (holotype, 1.15 cm SL ) (Ref. 13683). Also Ref. 37059.  No picture yet.
Crenuchidae Odontocharacidium aphanes (Weitzman & Kanazawa, 1977) Fr native   1.65 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 37059). Recorded from the Casiquiare river (Ref. 13683). 
Crenuchidae Odontocharacidium varii Queiroz Rodrigues & Netto-Ferreira, 2020 Fr native   1.98 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of Odontocharacidium varii, Río Negro Municipality, Río Orinoco, Caño Chola, where it crosses the road from San Carlos de Río Negro to Solano (Ref. 122685). 
Crenuchidae Poecilocharax weitzmani Géry, 1965 Fr native   4.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Ctenoluciidae Boulengerella cuvieri (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr native   88.00 cm FL male/unsexed  Found in Territorio Federal Delta Amacuro (Rio Orinoco and Laguna La Ceiba, Los Castillos de Guyana), Monagas (Rio Orinoco, Laguna Guatero near Barrancas and Laguna Las Barrancas), Guarico (Caño Los Aceites, Rio San Jose, and Santa Rita, Rio Manapire), Amazonas (Rio Orinoco, small caño connecting with Rio Orinoco immediately south of El Burro, Rio Mavaca, Rio Pamoni, side channel of Rio Ventuari, and Caño Orera), Bolivar (Rio Orinoco, Rio Caura, Caño (possibly Caño Curimo) feeding Rio Caura near confluence of Rio Caura and Rio Orinoco, Laguna Las Garzas of Rio Orinoco, San Felix, confluence of Rio Orinoco and Rio Caura, Rio Mato and Rio Cuyuni), and Apure (Rio Cinaruco basin, Caño Guaritico, Laguna Depirital in Caño Guaritico, and Rio Capanaparo). 
Ctenoluciidae Boulengerella lateristriga (Boulenger, 1895) Fr native  Agujeta (Spanish)  25.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Amazonas: small caño off Urami, pools and beaches at mouth of Caño Darigua, Río Negro basin, Río Pasimoni, Caño Caripo, Río Beripamoni, Río Orinoco, Caño Monomi, Río Autana, Río Ventuari, Río Sipapo, Tití lagoon near San Fernando de Atapabo, Río Atacavi, Río Atabapo in San Fernando de Atabapo. 
Ctenoluciidae Boulengerella lucius (Cuvier, 1816) Fr native   43.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Amazonas (Río Sipapo and Caño Orera), Bolivar (Río Orinoco basin) and Apure (Laguna 2 km SW of Caño La Pica and Río Cinaruco basin).  No picture yet.
Ctenoluciidae Boulengerella maculata (Valenciennes, 1850) Fr native  Agujeta (Spanish)  31.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Amazonas (Rio Mavaca, Rio Pamoni lagoon, Caño Caripo, Rio Pacia Grande, Laguna de Tití, Rio Orinoco, Mavaca, Caño Caripo, and Rio Casiquiare), Apure (Rio Claro, Rio Cinaruco basin, and Laguna 1km SE of Caño La Pica), Guarico (Rio Chimire, Rio Orinoco, Rio San Jose, and Quebrada draining into Rio Orinoco, near Paramana), and Bolivar (Rio Orinoco basin and San Pdero de Tauca, Lago Paramuto). 
Ctenoluciidae Boulengerella xyrekes Vari, 1995 Fr native   38.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Territorio Federal Delta Amacuro (Rio Orinoco), Amazonas (Departmento Rio Negro in Caño Manu, and Rio Sipapo), and Bolivar (Rio Caura).  No picture yet.
Ctenoluciidae Ctenolucius hujeta (Valenciennes, 1850) Fr native  Agujeta (Spanish)  26.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Zulia: rivers of Lago Maracaibo basin, Río Motatán system, Río Machango, Río Negro, Río Palmar, Lago Tulé, Río Apón, Ciénega del Guanavana, Cienega Gran Eneal, Rio Socuy, Caño 0.75 km E of Sinamaica, Lago de Maracaiba, flooded area 0.8 km NW of intersection of road to Tule and road to Cuatro Bocas at Los Veras, Hacienda El Tigre, Rio Guaco in Distrito Perija, Río Limon, Río Cachiri, and Carrasquero, Centro Agropecuiario "Don Bosco", laguna de cultivo. 
Curimatidae Curimata cerasina Vari, 1984 Fr endemic  Bocochica (Spanish), Bocachico (Spanish)  16.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from central and western portions of Río Orinoco drainage basin (Ref. 34109). Also Ref. 26629.  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Curimata cyprinoides (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr native  Bocachico (Spanish)  23.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the delta region of the Orinoco River (Ref. 12225); Guanipa river - Venado channel and Manamito channel (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 26629. 
Curimatidae Curimata incompta Vari, 1984 Fr endemic   16.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Orinoco basin (Ref. 26629). Also Ref. 34109.  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Curimata ocellata Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889 Fr native   22.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 26629, 38013). Also Ref. 34109.  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Curimata roseni Vari, 1989 Fr native   19.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 34109) and upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38013).  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Curimata vittata (Kner, 1858) Fr native   19.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 26629, 38013). Also Ref. 34109. 
Curimatidae Curimatella dorsalis (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889) Fr native   14.90 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Orinoco (Ref. 28798). 
Curimatidae Curimatella immaculata (Fernández-Yépez, 1948) Fr native   18.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 28798, 38013). 
Curimatidae Curimatopsis macrolepis (Steindachner, 1876) Fr native   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Curimatidae Cyphocharax abramoides (Kner, 1858) Fr native   21.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Territorio Federal Amazonas; collected from Rio Negro and Caño Casiquiare and tributaries (Ref. 11334). 
Curimatidae Cyphocharax aspilos Vari, 1992 Fr native  Bocachico (Spanish)  18.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from tributaries to Lago Maracaibo. Museum: Estación Centro Adistramiento Don Bosco, Carrasguero, Zulia, Venezuela, MBUCV V-13286 (holotype of C. aspilos) (Ref. 11334, 26282).  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Cyphocharax festivus Vari, 1992 Fr native   16.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Bolivar, Monagas, and Territorio Federal Amazonas (Ref. 11334). Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38013). 
Curimatidae Cyphocharax helleri (Steindachner, 1910) Fr native   10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Cuyuni River basin (Ref. 38013). Museum: Bolivar: Caño Guanarapero, between Guassipati and Villa Lola, MBUCV V-10319, V-10131. Caño Caballape, near Tumereno, MBUCV V-10106. Rio Cuyuni, Isla Jacobo, near Raudal de Kinotovaca, USNM 295589, 308903 (Ref. 11334). Also Ref. 12225. 
Curimatidae Cyphocharax leucostictus (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889) Fr native   15.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Territorio Federal Amazonas. Museum: Rio Negro, rapids below the mouth of the Rio Casiquiare, approx. 10 km N of San Carlos de Rio Negro, MBUCV V-11364. Caño Darigua, tributary of Rio Negro entering Rio Negro on the left bank, MBUCV V-11238. Headwaters of Rio Atabapo, MBUCV V-7176, V-7175 (Ref. 11334). Also Ref. 38013.  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Cyphocharax magdalenae (Steindachner, 1878) Fr native   27.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Reported from the Lago de Maracaibo basin (Ref. 26543). 
Curimatidae Cyphocharax meniscaprorus Vari, 1992 Fr endemic   5.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from the Aro River of the Orinoco basin (Ref. 38013). Museum: Río Aro, about 3 km downstream from bridge at Rt. 19, about 85 km from Ciudad Bolívar, MBUCV V-20333; MBUCV V-20334 and USNM 235484 (paratypes) (Ref. 11334).  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Cyphocharax multilineatus (Myers, 1927) Fr native   10.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Territorio Federal Amazonas (Ref. 11334). Known from the upper Negro and upper Orinoco rivers (Ref. 38013).  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Cyphocharax oenas Vari, 1992 Fr native   4.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in central and eastern portions of the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38013). Known from the fresh water of Territorio Federal Delta Amacuro, Monagas, Bolivar, and Guarico states. Museum: Secondary caño off Caño Paloma, 92 nautical miles from the sea buoy, MBUCV V-20336 (holotype, 4.41 cm SL); USNM 235485, MBUCV V-20337 (paratypes) (Ref. 11334).  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Cyphocharax spilurus (Günther, 1864) Fr native   10.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the fresh water of Bolivar, Territorio Federal Amazonas, and Guarico (Ref. 11334). Also Ref. 12225. 
Curimatidae Potamorhina altamazonica (Cope, 1878) Fr native   27.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Curimatidae Potamorhina laticeps (Valenciennes, 1850) Fr native   25.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 38013). 
Curimatidae Psectrogaster ciliata (Müller & Troschel, 1844) Fr native   12.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the eastern portion of the Río Orinoco drainage basin (Ref. 34107).  No picture yet.
Curimatidae Steindachnerina argentea (Gill, 1858) Fr native   9.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Recroded from the Río Orinoco basin of central Venezuela and some of the coastal rivers draining into the Caribbean Sea along the north coast (Ref. 30554). Also Ref. 38013. 
Curimatidae Steindachnerina bimaculata (Steindachner, 1876) Fr native   17.30 cm SL male/unsexed   
Curimatidae Steindachnerina guentheri (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889) Fr native   11.10 cm SL male/unsexed   
Curimatidae Steindachnerina pupula Vari, 1991 Fr native   16.77 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Río Orinoco basin (Ref. 30554). Also Ref. 38013.  No picture yet.
Cynodontidae Cynodon gibbus (Agassiz, 1829) Fr native  Payara chata (Spanish), Payarín (Spanish)  32.20 cm SL male/unsexed 18.7 TL  
Cynodontidae Cynodon septenarius Toledo-Piza, 2000 Fr native   31.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38270).  No picture yet.
Cynodontidae Hydrolycus armatus (Jardine, 1841) Fr native  Payara (Spanish)  89.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cynodontidae Hydrolycus tatauaia Toledo-Piza, Menezes & Santos, 1999 Fr native   59.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cynodontidae Hydrolycus wallacei Toledo-Piza, Menezes & Santos, 1999 Fr native   36.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38270).  No picture yet.
Cynodontidae Rhaphiodon vulpinus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 Fr native  Payara-machete (Spanish), Payarín (Spanish)  80.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel (Ref. 51849). 
Cyprinidae Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 Fr introduced   120 cm TL male/unsexed   
Cyprinodontidae Cyprinodon dearborni Meek, 1909 Fr native  Petotica (Spanish)  4.00 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Doradidae Agamyxis albomaculatus (Peters, 1877) Fr native  Sierra pintada (Spanish)  15.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37054). 
Doradidae Amblydoras bolivarensis (Fernández-Yépez, 1968) Fr native  Sierra puyona (Spanish)  10.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37054).  No picture yet.
Doradidae Amblydoras gonzalezi (Fernández-Yépez, 1968) Fr native  Sierra del Caroni (Spanish)  9.80 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Doradidae Anduzedoras oxyrhynchus (Valenciennes, 1821) Fr native  Sierra ojona (Spanish)  32.30 cm SL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Doraops zuloagai Schultz, 1944 Fr native  Sierra malarmo (Spanish), Sierra mariano (Spanish)  50.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 6868). 
Doradidae Doras carinatus (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr native   30.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Hassar orestis (Steindachner, 1875) Fr native  Sierra barbona (Spanish)  29.80 cm TL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Leptodoras cataniai Sabaj Pérez, 2005 Fr native   19.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from río Casiquiare (Ref. 56896). 
Doradidae Leptodoras copei (Fernández-Yépez, 1968) Fr native  Sierra del capanaparo (Spanish)  14.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in a lagoon beside Rio Capanaparo (Ref. 6868). 
Doradidae Leptodoras hasemani (Steindachner, 1915) Fr native   22.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from rio Orinoco (Ref. 56896). 
Doradidae Leptodoras linnelli Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   23.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper rio Orinoco (rios Ventuari and Mavaca), a tributary of the Casiquiare (rio Siapa) and rio Cuyuni of Essequibo drainage (Ref. 56896). 
Doradidae Leptodoras nelsoni Sabaj Pérez, 2005 Fr native   16.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from rio Apure of the Orinoco (Ref. 56896). 
Doradidae Leptodoras praelongus (Myers & Weitzman, 1956) Fr native   18.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Casiquiare and Orinoco drainages (Ref. 56896). 
Doradidae Leptodoras rogersae Sabaj Pérez, 2005 Fr native   18.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the rio Orinoco from Isla Ratón (near mouth of rio Vichada, northwestern Amazonas) to the delta (Ref. 56896). Probably found only in the main channel of the lower to middle Orinoco and the mouths of its largest tributaries (Ref. 56896). 
Doradidae Megalodoras guayoensis (Fernández-Yépez, 1968) Fr native  Sierra conchua (Spanish), Sierra gruñona (Spanish)  53.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Cano de Guayo, Terr. Delta Amacuro (Ref. 6868). Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37054). 
Doradidae Orinocodoras eigenmanni Myers, 1927 Fr native  Sierra paeña (Spanish)  20.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37054). 
Doradidae Oxydoras niger (Valenciennes, 1821) Fr native  Bagre sierra (English)  100.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Apure, Portuguesa, Gunare and Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172). Occurrence in Orinoco basin tentative, dependent on identification of questionable synonym Oxydoras holdeni; specimens of Oxydoras niger reported from Venezuela pertain to Oxydoras sifontesi (Ref. 37054). 
Doradidae Oxydoras sifontesi Fernández-Yépez, 1968 Fr native  Trompa de cochino (Spanish), Guitarrilla (Spanish), Guitarrilla amarilla (Spanish), Sierra lagunera (Spanish), Sierra negra (Spanish), Sierrita (Spanish)  76.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in front of the mouth of the caño San Juan, Delta Amacuro (Ref. 6868). Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 37054). 
Doradidae Physopyxis ananas Sousa & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2005 Fr native   2.20 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Doradidae Platydoras costatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr native  Sierra rayada (Spanish)  24.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Pterodoras rivasi (Fernández-Yépez, 1950) Fr native  Sierra apureña (Spanish), Sierra cochina (Spanish), Sierra manteca (Spanish)  55.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Rio Apure (Ref. 6868). Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37054). 
Doradidae Rhinodoras gallagheri Sabaj Pérez, Taphorn & Castillo G., 2008 Fr native   14.95 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Río Apure, Río Capanaparo and Río Arauca, all left bank tributaries of the middle Orinoco, in the llanos regions of Apure and Barinas States (Ref. 75166). 
Doradidae Rhinodoras thomersoni Taphorn & Lilyestrom, 1984 Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Rhynchodoras castilloi Birindelli, Sabaj Pérez & Taphorn, 2007 Fr native   7.98 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from the middle to lower Río Apure of the Orinoco basin in the llanos region of Barinas and Apure state (Ref. 72419).  No picture yet.
Doradidae Scorpiodoras heckelii (Kner, 1855) Fr native  Sierra gñere (Spanish)  16.10 cm SL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Tenellus leporhinus (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native  Sierra llanera (Spanish)  17.30 cm SL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Tenellus trimaculatus (Boulenger, 1898) Fr native   11.40 cm SL male/unsexed   
Doradidae Trachydoras gepharti Sabaj & Arce H., 2017 Fr native   7.12 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Doradidae Trachydoras microstomus (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native  Sierra culata (Spanish)  5.90 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Dorosomatidae Rhinosardinia amazonica (Steindachner, 1879) Fr, Br native   11.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Gulf of Paria (Ref. 5217). 
Dorosomatidae Rhinosardinia bahiensis (Steindachner, 1879) Fr, Br native   8.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Eleotridae Dormitator maculatus (Bloch, 1792) Fr, Br native   70.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Eleotridae Eleotris amblyopsis (Cope, 1871) Fr, Br, M native   8.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from numerous rivers on the north coast; also found in brackish waters and laguna de La Restinga, Margarita I., a hypersaline lagoon. 
Eleotridae Eleotris pisonis (Gmelin, 1789) Fr, Br, M native   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Has been recorded from rivers as well as hypersaline lagoons. 
Eleotridae Gobiomorus dormitor Lacepède, 1800 Fr, Br native   90.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from coastal lagoons in Unare and Píritu. 
Eleotridae Guavina guavina (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr, Br, M native  Guavina de mar (Spanish), Guabina de mar (Spanish)  30.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Guanipa river - Venado channel (Ref. 51849). 
Eleotridae Microphilypnus ternetzi Myers, 1927 Fr endemic   2.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the middle Orinoco River basin (Ref. 50190).  No picture yet.
Engraulidae Anchoa parva (Meek & Hildebrand, 1923) Fr, Br, M native   9.10 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 26340. 
Engraulidae Anchoa spinifer (Valenciennes, 1848) Fr, Br, M native  Anchoa (Spanish)  24.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Apparently common in brackish and fresh water in the Orinoco delta at Tucupita (Ref. 189). Found in mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island and Mánamo channel - Güinamorena (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 40909. 
Engraulidae Anchovia surinamensis (Bleeker, 1865) Fr, Br native  Anchoa (Spanish)  15.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Engraulidae Anchoviella guianensis (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr, Br native  Camiguana (Spanish)  11.30 cm TL male/unsexed  Present in the Orinoco River (Ref. 12225). Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Engraulidae Anchoviella jamesi (Jordan & Seale, 1926) Fr native   5.02 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the middle Orinoco River basin (Ref. 50628). 
Engraulidae Anchoviella lepidentostole (Fowler, 1911) Fr, Br, M native  Camiguana (Spanish)  18.00 cm TL male/unsexed 4.8 SL Occurs in the Orinoco delta. Recorded 100 km from Orinoco mouth (Ref. 189). Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel and Manamito channel (Ref. 51849). 
Engraulidae Anchoviella manamensis Cervigón, 1982 Fr, Br native  Camiguana (Spanish)  2.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin delta (Ref. 50628). Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena (Ref. 51849). 
Engraulidae Lycengraulis batesii (Günther, 1868) Fr, Br native  Sardina (Spanish)  30.00 cm TL male/unsexed 17.2 SL Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 50628). Found in Pedernales channel, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 5217. 
Engraulidae Lycengraulis grossidens (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr, Br, M native  Sardina (Spanish)  23.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island and Mánamo channel - Güinamorena (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 5217, 27363. 
Engraulidae Lycengraulis limnichthys Schultz, 1949 Fr native   12.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 50628). 
Engraulidae Pterengraulis atherinoides (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr, Br native  Sardina (Spanish)  30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Reported from the dalta region of the Orinoco River (Ref. 12225). Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 5217. 
Erythrinidae Erythrinus erythrinus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Fr native  Guabina (Spanish)  20.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Erythrinidae Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr native  Guabina (Spanish)  28.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37025). 
Erythrinidae Hoplias aimara (Valenciennes, 1847) Fr native  Haimura (Not specified), Aimara (Spanish)  100.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Erythrinidae Hoplias curupira Oyakawa & Mattox, 2009 Fr native   29.88 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco, near the río Casiquiare (Ref. 81195).  No picture yet.
Erythrinidae Hoplias macrophthalmus (Pellegrin, 1907) Fr native  Aimara (Spanish)  100.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37025). 
Erythrinidae Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) Fr native  Guabina (Spanish)  65.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Erythrinidae Hoplias teres (Valenciennes, 1847) Fr native  Guavina (Spanish)  15.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 37025).  No picture yet.
Fluviphylacidae Fluviphylax pygmaeus (Myers & Carvalho, 1955) Fr native   2.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50894). Also Ref. 27139.  No picture yet.
Gasteropelecidae Carnegiella marthae Myers, 1927 Fr native   2.81 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Rios Orinoco and Negro (Ref. 39056). 
Gasteropelecidae Gasteropelecus sternicla (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr native   3.90 cm SL male/unsexed   
Gasteropelecidae Thoracocharax stellatus (Kner, 1858) Fr native   6.70 cm SL male/unsexed   
Gerreidae Eugerres plumieri (Cuvier, 1830) Fr, Br, M, Fi native  Mojarra (Spanish) common (usually seen) 40.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found regularly within littoral lagoons (Ref. 9626). Museum: Lake Maracaibo, USNM 121721 (holotype of Eugerres awlae) (Ref. 33568). 
Gerreidae Gerres cinereus (Walbaum, 1792) Fr, Br, M native  Muñama blanca (Spanish)  41.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Common along continental and insular coasts, especially in protected sandy beaches of oceanic islands (Ref. 9626). No commercial importance (Ref. 9626). 
Gobiesocidae Gobiesox cephalus Lacepède, 1800 Fr native   15.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 36880. 
Gobiidae Awaous banana (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr native   30.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;24.38 cm SL female  Found in Zulia, Yaracuy, Carabobo and Distrito Federal. 
Gobiidae Awaous flavus (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr, Br native   8.20 cm SL male/unsexed ;7.62 cm SL female  Museum: Delta Amacuro: secondary caño emptying into mouth of Caño Curiapo, NE of Curiapo, CAS 50781; Río Orinoco drainage, CAS 78680, SMF 27106; tidal mud flat on N shore of Isla Noina , USNM 233095; flooded forest and small caño on S shore of Río Orinoco, USNM 233382 (Ref. 26240). 
Gobiidae Ctenogobius claytonii (Meek, 1902) Fr native   5.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 2054.  No picture yet.
Gobiidae Ctenogobius shufeldti (Jordan & Eigenmann, 1887) Fr, Br native   8.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Gobiidae Evorthodus lyricus (Girard, 1858) Fr, Br, M native   15.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Gobiidae Gobiosoma schultzi (Ginsburg, 1944) Fr native    Known from Lake Maracaibo (Ref. 26938). Type locality: Maracaibo Lake, 7 km south of Maracaibo City (Ref. 46206). 
Gobiidae Sicydium montanum Hubbs, 1920 Fr native   1.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Gobiidae Sicydium punctatum Perugia, 1896 Fr, Br, M native   8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 50190. 
Gymnotidae Gymnotus carapo Linnaeus, 1758 Fr native   76.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 4537. 
Gymnotidae Gymnotus cataniapo Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   31.60 cm TL male/unsexed   
Gymnotidae Gymnotus pedanopterus Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   28.10 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in southern part of Venezuela, including State of Amazonas and south of Apure (Ref. 36692).  No picture yet.
Gymnotidae Gymnotus stenoleucus Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   14.20 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Haemulidae Rhonciscus crocro (Cuvier, 1830) Fr, Br, M, Fi native  Corocoro (Spanish)  38.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Caught along continental and insular coasts; has not been encountered around oceanic islands. Found in mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 5217, 26340. 
Hemiodontidae Anodus orinocensis (Steindachner, 1887) Fr native   27.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38289). 
Hemiodontidae Bivibranchia fowleri (Steindachner, 1908) Fr native   19.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38289). 
Hemiodontidae Hemiodus argenteus Pellegrin, 1909 Fr native   23.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from Rio Orinoco (Ref. 598). Also Ref. 38289. 
Hemiodontidae Hemiodus gracilis Günther, 1864 Fr native   16.30 cm SL male/unsexed   
Hemiodontidae Hemiodus immaculatus Kner, 1858 Fr native   24.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38289). 
Hemiodontidae Hemiodus microlepis Kner, 1858 Fr native   23.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38289). 
Hemiodontidae Hemiodus semitaeniatus Kner, 1858 Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38289). 
Hemiodontidae Hemiodus thayeria Böhlke, 1955 Fr native   8.90 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Hemiramphidae Hyporhamphus brederi (Fernández-Yépez, 1948) Fr native   10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 40614).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Brachyglanis frenatus Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   9.90 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Brachyglanis magoi Fernández-Yépez, 1967 Fr endemic  Valentón (Spanish), Laulao (Spanish)  8.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Caroní River basin in Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36914). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Brachyrhamdia imitator Myers, 1927 Fr endemic   5.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Caura River basin in Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36914). Type locality, Caño de Quiribana near Caicara (Ref. 6868, 26282). 
Heptapteridae Cetopsorhamdia molinae Miles, 1943 Fr native  Bagrecito (Spanish)  3.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36914).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Cetopsorhamdia orinoco Schultz, 1944 Fr native  Bagrecito (Spanish)  5.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 6868, 36914).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Cetopsorhamdia picklei Schultz, 1944 Fr endemic  Bagrecito (Spanish), Bagresito (Spanish)  12.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 6868, 36914).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Chasmocranus chimantanus Inger, 1956 Fr endemic   8.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Caroní and Carapo River basins in Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36914). Found in the Rio Abacapa on the west side of Chimanta-tepui (Ref. 6868).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Chasmocranus longior Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   17.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Heptapteridae Gladioglanis machadoi Ferraris & Mago-Leccia, 1989 Fr native  Bagre (Spanish)  3.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from the Upper Río Negro, Río Casiquiare and Río Orinoco system.  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Goeldiella eques (Müller & Troschel, 1849) Fr native   28.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36914). 
Heptapteridae Imparfinis nemacheir (Eigenmann & Fisher, 1916) Fr native  Bagrecito (Spanish), Bagresito (Spanish)  9.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River and Lake of Maracaibo basins. 
Heptapteridae Imparfinis pristos Mees & Cala, 1989 Fr native   3.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36914). 
Heptapteridae Imparfinis pseudonemacheir Mees & Cala, 1989 Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36914). 
Heptapteridae Leptorhamdia marmorata Myers, 1928 Fr native   12.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Negro River basin (Ref. 6868, 36914).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Mastiglanis asopos Bockmann, 1994 Fr native   6.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36914). 
Heptapteridae Myoglanis aspredinoides DoNascimiento & Lundberg, 2005 Fr native   9.56 cm SL male/unsexed   
Heptapteridae Nemuroglanis pauciradiatus Ferraris, 1988 Fr native   3.25 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Negro and Orinoco River basins (Ref. 55662). Also Ref. 36914.  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Phenacorhamdia anisura (Mees, 1987) Fr endemic   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Río Guarapiche near Maturin, Monagas (holotype of Heptapterus anisurus). Widespread in the Orinoco basin and the only species of Phenacorhamdia found in the Golfo de Paria basin (Guanipa and Tigre rivers) (Ref. 78618). Also Ref. 6868, 36914. 
Heptapteridae Phenacorhamdia provenzanoi DoNascimiento & Milani, 2008 Fr native   6.65 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Bolívar, Raudal La Raya, 1 km from Río Nichare's mouth, MCNG 34830 (holotype of Phenacorhamdia provenzanoi, 6.65 cm SL). Widely distributed in the Orinoco basin (upper basin of Apure river, Cojedes, Guanare and Cinaruco rivers in the low llanos of Venezuela; in the Amazonas state, in Mavaca and Ocamo rivers, both tributaries of upper Orinoco basin; in the middle section of Orinoco basin, in the south bank tributaries: Suapure, Cuchivero, Caura and Aro rivers (Ref. 78618). 
Heptapteridae Phenacorhamdia taphorni DoNascimiento & Milani, 2008 Fr endemic   5.06 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Barinas, Obispos, Río La Yuca, N of San José Obrero, MCNG 54508 (holotype of Phenacorhamdia taphorni, 4.15 cm SL). Restricted to the piedmont sections of the Santo Domingo, Masparro and Boconó rivers, which drain the eastern slope of the Andes of Barinas state to the Apure river and is allopatric to its congeneric species (Ref. 78618). 
Heptapteridae Pimelodella chagresi (Steindachner, 1876) Fr native   15.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the affluents of the Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36880). 
Heptapteridae Pimelodella cruxenti Fernández-Yépez, 1950 Fr endemic   11.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Autana River basin in the Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36914). Also Ref. 6868. Type locality: Rio Autana, Venezuela (Ref. 26282).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Pimelodella linami Schultz, 1944 Fr endemic   7.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36914). Type locality: Río Torbes, 1 km above Táriba, Orinoco system, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Pimelodella longibarbata Cortés-Hernández, DoNascimiento & Ramírez-Gil, 2020 Fr native    Type locality of Pimelodella longibarbata from creek, tributary of Caño Verde, El Amparo, Apure, Venezuela, IAVHP 21920 (Ref. 128936).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Pimelodella martinezi Fernández-Yépez, 1970 Fr endemic  Puyapuya (Spanish)  6.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Unare River basin (Ref. 36914).  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Pimelodella odynea Schultz, 1944 Fr native   10.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from Maracaibo basin. 
Heptapteridae Pimelodella tapatapae Eigenmann, 1920 Fr endemic   15.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Tapa Tapa River basin in Lake Valencia drainage (Ref. 36914). Type locality: Mouth of Río Tapa Tapa, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Rhamdia guasarensis DoNascimiento, Provenzano & Lundberg, 2004 Fr native   10.68 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Surgencia del Tigre at 2.5 km west of Cerro Yolanda, 10°52'53"N, 72°30'03"W, Río Guasare basin, Sierra de Perijá, Estado Zulia, elev. 200 m (Ref. 54621). 
Heptapteridae Rhamdia guatemalensis (Günther, 1864) Fr native   25.10 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Heptapteridae Rhamdia humilis (Günther, 1864) Fr endemic  Bagre (Spanish)  18.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in rivers around Caracas, along the Caribbean coast (Ref. 36914). Type locality: Caracas, Venezuela (Ref. 6868). 
Heptapteridae Rhamdia muelleri (Günther, 1864) Fr native   20.80 cm SL male/unsexed   
Heptapteridae Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Fr native   61.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 26543). 
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus beebei (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   32.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Rio Caripe near Caripito, Estado monagas, Venezuela (Ref. 12965). 
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus brevirostris (Steindachner, 1868) Fr native   34.70 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus bullocki Sullivan & Hopkins, 2009 Fr native   22.10 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco basin (Ref. 81045).  No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus diazae (Fernández-Yépez, 1972) Fr native   17.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in northwest Venezuela, from Tocuyo River to Alpargaton River, also northern Llanos of Orinoco basin (Ref. 36685).  No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus occidentalis (Regan, 1914) Fr native   17.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 46312. 
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus pinnicaudatus (Hopkins, 1991) Fr native   18.60 cm TL male/unsexed   
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus provenzanoi Crampton, de Santana, Waddell & Lovejoy, 2017 Fr native  Cuchillo (Spanish)  9.40 cm TL male/unsexed ;11.00 cm TL female  Found in the upper Orinoco and upper Negro (Amazonas drainage) (Ref. 116763).  No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus regani Crampton, de Santana, Waddell & Lovejoy, 2017 Fr, Br native  Cuchillo (Spanish)  15.60 cm TL male/unsexed ;14.10 cm TL female  Known from Orinoco and rio Apure drainages (Ref. 116763).  No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Brachyhypopomus sullivani Crampton, de Santana, Waddell & Lovejoy, 2017 Fr native   15.20 cm TL male/unsexed ;12.70 cm TL female    No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Hypopygus lepturus Hoedeman, 1962 Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Widespread in the Orinoco River (Ref. 12225).  No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Hypopygus minissimus de Santana & Crampton, 2011 Fr native   6.20 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Hypopygus neblinae Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   12.20 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Microsternarchus bilineatus Fernández-Yépez, 1968 Fr native   12.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37053).  No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Racenisia fimbriipinna Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   11.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the upper Negro and Orinoco rivers, around San Fernando de Atabapo and San Carlos de Rio Negro (Ref. 37053).  No picture yet.
Hypopomidae Steatogenys duidae (La Monte, 1929) Fr native   20.90 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Upper Orinoco. 
Hypopomidae Steatogenys elegans (Steindachner, 1880) Fr native   29.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River (Ref. 37053).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops affinis (Günther, 1864) Fr native   12.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Iguanodectidae Bryconops alburnoides Kner, 1858 Fr native   15.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Iguanodectidae Bryconops caudomaculatus (Günther, 1864) Fr native   12.40 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Iguanodectidae Bryconops colanegra Chernoff & Machado-Allison, 1999 Fr native   8.78 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Río Carrao near base camp at Angel Falls, Bolivar, Venezuela.  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops colaroja Chernoff & Machado-Allison, 1999 Fr native   7.79 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Cuyuní basin in the vicinity of the Venezuelan-Guyanan border (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops collettei Chernoff & Machado-Allison, 2005 Fr native   7.75 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Caura and Miamo rivers, Bolivar State, and Rio Iguapo, Amazonas State.  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops disruptus Machado-Allison & Chernoff, 1997 Fr native   6.41 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Negro River (Ref. 38376). Type locality, Pozos y Playas en la boca Caño Darigua, 7 km south of San Carlos de Río Negro, Amazonas (Ref. 46206).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops giacopinii (Fernández-Yépez, 1950) Fr native   18.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Autana River basin in upper Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 38376). 
Iguanodectidae Bryconops humeralis Machado-Allison, Chernoff & Buckup, 1996 Fr native   8.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the upper Orinoco, Casiquiare, and Negro River basins (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops imitator Chernoff & Machado-Allison, 2002 Fr native   7.56 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from the basin of Rio Caura in Bolivar State. Recorded from the tributraries and main channels of the Caura, Erebato and Nichare rivers (Ref. 47228).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops inpai Knöppel, Junk & Géry, 1968 Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Casiquiare River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops magoi Chernoff & Machado-Allison, 2005 Fr native   6.95 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Anzoátegui, Río Moquete at Paso Bajito, MBUCV-V-30782 (6.4 cm SL) (Ref. 56366).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Bryconops vibex Machado-Allison, Chernoff & Buckup, 1996 Fr native   6.77 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Cataniapo River basin (Ref. 38376).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Iguanodectes adujai Géry, 1970 Fr native   6.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38383).  No picture yet.
Iguanodectidae Iguanodectes geisleri Géry, 1970 Fr native   5.52 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38383). 
Iguanodectidae Iguanodectes spilurus (Günther, 1864) Fr native  Sardina (Spanish), Sardinita (Spanish)  10.15 cm SL male/unsexed   
Iguanodectidae Piabucus dentatus (Koelreuter, 1763) Fr native   12.90 cm SL male/unsexed   
Lebiasinidae Copella compta (Myers, 1927) Fr native   5.06 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco basin. 
Lebiasinidae Copella eigenmanni (Regan, 1912) Fr native   3.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the mouth of the Orinoco river. 
Lebiasinidae Copella meinkeni Zarske & Géry, 2006 Fr native   4.54 cm SL male/unsexed   
Lebiasinidae Copella metae (Eigenmann, 1914) Fr native  Voladorita (Spanish)  3.40 cm SL male/unsexed   
Lebiasinidae Copella nattereri (Steindachner, 1876) Fr native   4.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Lebiasinidae Lebiasina provenzanoi Ardila Rodríguez, 1999 Fr native   12.30 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Aponwao River basin, Gran Sabana (Ref. 37104).  No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Lebiasina taphorni Ardila Rodríguez, 2004 Fr native    Type locality, Río Caura, Estado Bolóvar (Ref. 85815).  No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Lebiasina uruyensis Fernández-Yépez, 1967 Fr native  Carpa criolla (Spanish)  14.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the upper Caroni River, western Gran Sabana (Ref. 37104). Type locality: middle Uruyén R., Auyantepui, Guyana highlands, Venezuela (Ref. 33021).  No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Lebiasina yepezi Netto-Ferreira, Oyakawa, Zuanon & Nolasco, 2011 Fr native   15.29 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper rio Orinoco drainage, upstream of La Esmeralda, Amazonas State (Ref. 88953).  No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Lebiasina yuruaniensis Ardila Rodríguez, 2000 Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Yuruani River basin in Gran Sabana (Ref. 37104).  No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Nannostomus anduzei Fernandez & Weitzman, 1987 Fr native   1.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Museum: Laguna Provincial, ca. 20 km north of Puerto Ayacucho, Departamento Ature, Amazonas, MZUSP 35433 (Ref. 27925). 
Lebiasinidae Nannostomus nigrotaeniatus Zarske, 2013 Fr native   3.28 cm SL male/unsexed   
Lebiasinidae Nannostomus unifasciatus Steindachner, 1876 Fr native   3.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37104). 
Lebiasinidae Piabucina erythrinoides Valenciennes, 1850 Fr native  Carpa Criolla (Spanish), Volador (Spanish)  16.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in northwestern Venezuela in the Lake Maracaibo Basin and along coast north of the Andes, northeastern Colombia (Ref. 37104).  No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Piabucina pleurotaenia Regan, 1903 Fr native   16.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality: Merida, Venezuela (elev. 1600 m) (Ref. 26282). Also Ref. 598. 
Lebiasinidae Piabucina unitaeniata Günther, 1864 Fr native  Carpa criolla (Spanish)  14.60 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Pyrrhulina filamentosa Valenciennes, 1847 Fr native   11.10 cm SL male/unsexed   
Lebiasinidae Pyrrhulina lugubris Eigenmann, 1922 Fr native  Voladorita (Spanish)  5.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Lebiasinidae Pyrrhulina semifasciata Steindachner, 1876 Fr native   7.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Lepidosirenidae Lepidosiren paradoxa Fitzinger, 1837 Fr native   125 cm TL male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Acestridium dichromum Retzer, Nico & Provenzano, 1999 Fr native   6.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the upper Ríos Orinoco and Negro. 
Loricariidae Acestridium martini Retzer, Nico & Provenzano, 1999 Fr native   6.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the upper Ríos Orinoco and Negro.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus amaris de Souza, Taphorn & Armbruster, 2019 Fr native   10.34 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Ancistrus amaris: Río Las Marías, Orinoco/Apure drainage, Estado Portuguesa (Ref. 119730).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus bodenhameri Schultz, 1944 Fr native  Barbón (Spanish)  11.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio San Pedro at the bridge south of Mene Grande, Rio Motatan system (Ref. 6868). Found in eastern and western Maracaibo Lake tributaries (Ref. 36713).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus brevifilis Eigenmann, 1920 Fr endemic  Barbón (Spanish)  11.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Tuy River basin (Refs. 36713, 119730). Recorded from Rio Tiquirito at El Concejo (Ref. 6868). 
Loricariidae Ancistrus falconensis Taphorn, Armbruster & Rodríguez-Olarte, 2010 Fr native    Found in the Hueque and Ricoa Rivers, small, isolated Caribbean drainages of northwest Falcón state (Western Caribbean Zoogeographic Province).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus galani Pérez & Viloria, 1994 Fr endemic   5.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Two specimens collected in the Río Socuy, Cueva de Los Laureles, Maracaibo Basin, Zulia State. It is possible that it occurs in other caves of the El Saman system (Ref. 41029). Also Ref. 36713.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus gymnorhynchus Kner, 1854 Fr native   14.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Pao River basin in the Orinoco River drainage and coastal rivers of Carabobo and Yaracuy States (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Ancistrus leoni de Souza, Taphorn & Armbruster, 2019 Fr native   8.16 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Ancistrus leoni: Rio Negro, in rapids about 1 km south (downstream) of the mouth of the Casiquiare, Atabapo District, Amazonas (Ref. 119730).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus macrophthalmus (Pellegrin, 1912) Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  7.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the he upper Orinoco River system from the río Cinaruco and further upstream to the río Casiquiare (Refs. 36713, 119730). 
Loricariidae Ancistrus martini Schultz, 1944 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  8.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Zulia River basin in the Catatumbo River drainage, Lake Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus nudiceps (Müller & Troschel, 1849) Fr native   7.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Cuyuni River (Ref. 119730).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus patronus de Souza, Taphorn & Armbruster, 2019 Fr native   8.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Ancistrus patronus: Ventuari River at mouth of Camoni creek, Orinoco River Basin. Known from upper Rio Orinoco, from the río Cinaruco upstream and the río Casiquiare (Ref. 119730).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus saudades de Souza, Taphorn & Armbruster, 2019 Fr native   10.75 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin, upper Ventuari, upper Caura, and upper Caroni river drainages (Ref. 119730).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Ancistrus triradiatus Eigenmann, 1918 Fr native   9.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Valencia (Ref. 119730). 
Loricariidae Ancistrus yutajae de Souza, Taphorn & Armbruster, 2019 Fr native    Known from the Yutaje River (Ref. 119730).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Aphanotorulus ammophilus Armbruster & Page, 1996 Fr native   16.10 cm SL male/unsexed 33 TL Type locality of Aphanotorulus ammophilus, Estado Cojedes, Río San Carlos, R. Portuguesa drainage at Caño Hondo, 2 km west of Las Vegas on the road from Las Vegas to Campo Allegre. Known from Río Orinoco drainage, mainly in the Río Apure system (Ref. 129253). 
Loricariidae Avalithoxus jantjae (Lujan, 2008) Fr native   3.84 cm SL male/unsexed  Found only in the rapids that extend for a few hundred meters upstream of Tencua Falls in the headwaters of the Ventuari River, a right bank tributary of the upper Orinoco in Amazonas State (Ref. 79075).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Baryancistrus beggini Lujan, Arce & Armbruster, 2009 Fr native  Blue panaque (English), Panaque azul (Spanish), Blue-fin panaque (English), Panaque (Spanish)  8.09 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Amazonas, Río Orinoco drainage, Río Ventuari, MCNG 55351 (holotype of Baryancistrus beggini, 8.09 cm SL) (Ref. 80502). 
Loricariidae Baryancistrus demantoides Werneke, Sabaj Pérez, Lujan & Armbruster, 2005 Fr native   15.05 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the rio Orinoco at its confluence with the rio Ventuari and the lower rio Ventuari upstreams intro the rio Guapuchi (Ref. 56038). 
Loricariidae Chaetostoma anomalum Regan, 1903 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish), Charoca (Spanish)  16.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin, upper Chama, Capazon and Escalante River basins (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma dorsale Eigenmann, 1922 Fr native   8.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Apuré River basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma dupouii Fernández-Yépez, 1945 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  7.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Tuy River basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma guairense Steindachner, 1881 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  8.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Tuy and Guaire River and Lake Valencia basins (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma machiquense Fernández-Yépez & Martín Salazar, 1953 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  6.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Negro River basin in the Lake Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma milesi Fowler, 1941 Fr native  Corroncho (Spanish)  14.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Apuré River basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Chaetostoma nudirostre Lütken, 1874 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  12.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Valencia basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Chaetostoma pearsei Eigenmann, 1920 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  15.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Valencia and Tuy River basins (Ref. 36713). Recorded from Rio Castano at Maracay (Ref. 6868).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma sovichthys Schultz, 1944 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  7.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo, Motatán River and tributaries (Ref. 36713). 
Loricariidae Chaetostoma stannii Lütken, 1874 Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  20.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Caribbean coastal drainages: Aroa, Tocuyo, Urama and Yaracuy River basins (Ref. 36713).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma tachiraense Schultz, 1944 Fr native  Chorrosco (Spanish), Corroncho (Spanish), Panche (Spanish)  8.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Catatumbo River basin in the Lake Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 36713). 
Loricariidae Chaetostoma vasquezi Lasso & Provenzano, 1998 Fr endemic   18.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco, Caura and Caroni River basins (Ref. 36713).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma venezuelae (Schultz, 1944) Fr endemic   7.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from San Juan River basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Chaetostoma yurubiense Ceas & Page, 1996 Fr endemic   17.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Yaracuy, Urama, and Aroa River basins (Ref. 13086). Also Ref. 36713.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Cordylancistrus nephelion Provenzano & Milani, 2006 Fr native   12.91 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the three tributaries of the Tuy River: the Cagua River, the Mesia River (a tributary of the Guare River) and the Santa Cruz River (a tributary of the Taguaza River). Seems to occur in small rivers of the north slope of Serrania del Interior, Cordillera de La Costa (Ref. 56900).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Cordylancistrus perijae Pérez & Provenzano, 1996 Fr endemic   12.73 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Palmar and Socuy River basins in the Lake Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 36713).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Cordylancistrus torbesensis (Schultz, 1944) Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish), Panche (Spanish)  6.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Torbes River basin in Apure River drainage (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Crossoloricaria venezuelae (Schultz, 1944) Fr native  Paleta (Spanish), Tabla (Spanish)  18.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Palmar at the bridge about 70 km SW of Maracaibo (Ref. 6868). 
Loricariidae Dekeyseria niveata (La Monte, 1929) Fr endemic   13.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Dekeyseria pulchra (Steindachner, 1915) Fr native  Corroncho (Spanish)  10.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Canal Casiquiare basin (Ref. 36713). 
Loricariidae Dentectus barbarmatus Martín Salazar, Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1982 Fr native   13.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in western Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36389). Known from Río Salinas, a trib. of the Río Pao Viejo, northeast of El Baul, 9°13'N, 68°07'W, Estado Cojedes (Ref. 6868). 
Loricariidae Dolichancistrus cobrensis (Schultz, 1944) Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish), Panche (Spanish)  7.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Catatumbo River basin in Lake Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 26543. 
Loricariidae Exastilithoxus fimbriatus (Steindachner, 1915) Fr native   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Caroni and Matacuni River basins in the Orinoco drainage (Ref. 36713).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Farlowella acus (Kner, 1853) Fr native  Agujeta (Spanish), Aguja (Spanish)  16.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Lake Valencia and Torito River basins (Ref. 36389). Type locality, Caracas (Ref. 6868). 
Loricariidae Farlowella curtirostra Myers, 1942 Fr native  Agujeta (Spanish), Aguja (Spanish)  15.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Kown from the Lake Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Farlowella mariaelenae Martín Salazar, 1964 Fr native  Agujeta (Spanish), Aguja (Spanish)  17.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36389).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Farlowella martini Fernández-Yépez, 1972 Fr native   19.30 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Loricariidae Farlowella odontotumulus Retzer & Page, 1997 Fr native   17.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Mavaca River basin (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Farlowella oxyrryncha (Kner, 1853) Fr native   23.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River (Ref. 36389).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Farlowella taphorni Retzer & Page, 1997 Fr endemic   13.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Torondoy River basin, Maracaibo Lake drainage (Ref. 36389).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Farlowella venezuelensis Martín Salazar, 1964 Fr native  Aguja (Spanish), Agujeta (Spanish)  19.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Guaripiche River basin, lower Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36389).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Farlowella vittata Myers, 1942 Fr native  Agujeta (Spanish), Aguja (Spanish)  22.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Fonchiiichthys rupestris (Schultz, 1944) Fr native  Paleta (Spanish), Tabla (Spanish)  9.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lago de Maracaibo basin (Ref. 26543). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Harttia merevari Provenzano, Machado-Allison, Chernoff, Willink & Petry, 2005 Fr native    Known from the upper Caura River of the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 56912).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Hemiancistrus guahiborum Werneke, Armbruster, Lujan & Taphorn, 2005 Fr native    Known from the Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 56906). 
Loricariidae Hemiancistrus subviridis Werneke, Sabaj Pérez, Lujan & Armbruster, 2005 Fr native   14.95 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in rio the Orinoco upstream of Atures rapids to rio Iguapa, the rio Ventuari, and the rio Casiquiare upstream of the rio Siapa (Ref. 56038). 
Loricariidae Hypancistrus contradens Armbruster, Lujan & Taphorn, 2007 Fr native    Known from the upper Río Orinoco in southern Venezuela (Ref. 57950). 
Loricariidae Hypancistrus debilittera Armbruster, Lujan & Taphorn, 2007 Fr native    Known from the upper Río Orinoco in southern Venezuela (Ref. 57950). 
Loricariidae Hypancistrus furunculus Armbruster, Lujan & Taphorn, 2007 Fr native    Known from the upper Río Orinoco in southern Venezuela (Ref. 57950). 
Loricariidae Hypancistrus inspector Armbruster, 2002 Fr native   12.59 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, río Negro-río Amazonas drainage, río Casiquiare, Dpto. Casiquiare, Amazonas. Known from the upper río Negro drainages, Amazonas (Ref. 41483). Also Ref. 36713. 
Loricariidae Hypancistrus lunaorum Armbruster, Lujan & Taphorn, 2007 Fr native    Known from the upper Río Orinoco in southern Venezuela (Ref. 57950).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Hypoptopoma gulare Cope, 1878 Fr native   13.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36885). 
Loricariidae Hypostomus hemicochliodon Armbruster, 2003 Fr native   36.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Rio Negro drainage (middle Rio Amazonas drainage) and the upper Rio Orinoco drainage (Ref. 50589). 
Loricariidae Hypostomus hondae (Regan, 1912) Fr native   35.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Hypostomus maracaiboensis (Schultz, 1944) Fr endemic   28.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 26543. 
Loricariidae Hypostomus pagei Armbruster, 2003 Fr native   18.92 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Aroa, Rio Tocuyo and Rio Yaracuy basins, short rivers that drain directly into the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 50589).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Hypostomus pospisili (Schultz, 1944) Fr native    Type locality, Rio Palmar near Totuma, about 100 km, southwest of Maracaibo (Ref. 36817).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Hypostomus rhantos Armbruster, Tansey & Lujan, 2007 Fr native   19.58 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Loricariidae Hypostomus sculpodon Armbruster, 2003 Fr native   26.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Rio Negro and the upper Rio Orinoco basins (Ref. 50589).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Hypostomus taphorni (Lilyestrom, 1984) Fr native   22.80 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Loricariidae Isorineloricaria acuarius Ray & Armbruster, 2016 Fr native   20.84 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Isorineloricaria acuarius, Rio Portuguesa, 3 km northeast of El Barriero, Portuguesa. Currently found only in the Apure River and middle Orinoco rivers and their tributaries; with one specimen caught from the main stem Orinoco River, just downstream of the mouth of the Apure (Ref. 129253).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Isorineloricaria villarsi (Lütken, 1874) Fr native   32.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of of Plecostomus villarsi, Caracas. Known from northwestern Venezuela and restricted in Maracaibo basin (Ref. 129253). Also Ref. 6868, 36817. 
Loricariidae Lamontichthys llanero Taphorn & Lilyestrom, 1984 Fr native   20.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Guanare Viejo River, Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Lamontichthys maracaibero Taphorn & Lilyestrom, 1984 Fr native   18.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lago de Maracaibo basin (Ref. 26543). 
Loricariidae Lasiancistrus guacharote (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr native   11.95 cm TL male/unsexed  Type localities: locality given as Porto Rico, but most likely from the lago Maracaibo basin, MNHN A-9567 (holotype of Hypostomus guacharote, 8.47 cm SL); río Socuy, 3 km above mouth, USNM 121038 (holotype of Lasiancistrus maracaiboensis, 11.95 cm SL); locality given Caracas but could be anywhere in Venezuela, NMW 44200 (holotype of Ancistrus mystacinus, 6.56 cm SL) (Ref. 56920). Also Ref. 6868, 36713. 
Loricariidae Lasiancistrus tentaculatus Armbruster, 2005 Fr native   14.76 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 56920). 
Loricariidae Leporacanthicus galaxias Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1989 Fr native   21.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Ventuari River basin in the upper Orinoco drainage (Ref. 36713). 
Loricariidae Leporacanthicus triactis Isbrücker, Nijssen & Nico, 1992 Fr native   24.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36713). 
Loricariidae Limatulichthys nasarcus Londoño-Burbano, Lefebvre & Lujan, 2014 Fr native   15.09 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the middle Ventuari and lower Caura rivers, Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 97714).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Lithogenes valencia Provenzano, Schaefer, Baskin & Royero-Leon, 2003 Fr native   5.12 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Est. Carabobo, Lago de Valencia basin, MBUCV V-30740 (former MBUCV V-7198; former CAS 28361) (holotype of Lithogenes valencia, 5.12 cm SL, male) (Ref. 83588).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Lithogenes wahari Schaefer & Provenzano, 2008 Fr native   7.75 cm SL male/unsexed ;5.72 cm SL female  Type locality, Amazonas, Caño Päwä, approximately 30 minutes by foot upstream from its mouth into Río Cuao, approximately 30 minutes by boat downstream from Puerto Nuevo, MBUCV-V-33738 (holotype of Lithogenes wahari, 5.72 cm SL, female). Known only from the middle section of the Río Cuao, a clear-water tributary of the Río Sipapo of the Orinoco River basin of southwestern Venezuela (Ref. 83588).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Loricaria cataphracta Linnaeus, 1758 Fr native  Paleta (Spanish)  29.50 cm SL male/unsexed 23 TL Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Loricariidae Loricaria lundbergi Thomas & Rapp Py-Daniel, 2008 Fr native   13.81 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the rio Negro system in the rio Mawarinuma in the upper rio Baria drainage, a tributary of the rio Casiquiare (Ref. 79031).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Loricaria simillima Regan, 1904 Fr native  Paleta (Spanish), Tabla (Spanish)  26.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Micracanthicus vandragti Lujan & Armbruster, 2011 Fr native   4.22 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Amazonas State, Orinoco River at Cupaven Island, near the mouth of the Atabapo River, MBUCV-V-32953 (holotype of Micracanthicus vandragti, 4.22 cm SL). Known only from the lower Ventuari River and the Orinoco River near its confluence with the Ventuari (Ref. 87303). 
Loricariidae Nannoptopoma spectabile (Eigenmann, 1914) Fr native   2.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Bariñas, Bolivar and Portuguesa (Ref. 84367).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Neblinichthys peniculatus Armbruster & Taphorn, 2013 Fr native   8.13 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the río Carapo, a tributary of the middle río Paragua (Ref. 93221).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Neblinichthys pilosus Ferraris, Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1986 Fr endemic   8.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Negro, Casiquiare, and Baria River basins (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Neblinichthys roraima Provenzano R., Lasso A. & Ponte, 1995 Fr endemic   5.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Kukenan River basin in upper Caroni drainage (Ref. 36713).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Neblinichthys yaravi (Steindachner, 1915) Fr endemic  Yaravi (Spanish)  4.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Kukenan River basin in the upper Caron River basin (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Niobichthys ferrarisi Schaefer & Provenzano, 1998 Fr native   6.98 cm SL male/unsexed  Known frm the upper Baria River, Negro River basin (Ref. 36885) Museum: Río Baria, Municipio Autónomo Río Negro, Estado Amazonas, MBUCV V-20225 (holotype of N. ferrarisi, 6.98 cm SL, male) (Ref. 30400).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Otocinclus vittatus Regan, 1904 Fr native   3.30 cm TL male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Oxyropsis acutirostris Miranda Ribeiro, 1951 Fr native   4.40 cm SL male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Panaqolus maccus (Schaefer & Stewart, 1993) Fr endemic   8.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Apuré and Caroni River basins (Ref. 36713). Collected from río Orinoco basin (Ref. 42939). 
Loricariidae Panaque nigrolineatus (Peters, 1877) Fr native  Panaque (Not specified), Acari-da-pedra (Portuguese)  43.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36713). 
Loricariidae Panaque suttonorum Schultz, 1944 Fr, Or endemic  Blue-eyed pleco (English), Panaque (Not specified)  28.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from western and eastern tributaries of Maracaibo Lake (Ref. 36713). Exported to North America as an aquarium fish (Ref. 4537). 
Loricariidae Parotocinclus britskii Boeseman, 1974 Fr native   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36885). 
Loricariidae Parotocinclus eppleyi Schaefer & Provenzano, 1993 Fr native   2.98 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper and middle portions of the Rio Orinoco (Ref. 26706).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Parotocinclus polyochrus Schaefer, 1988 Fr native   3.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the upper Negro River basin (Ref. 36885). Type locality: Rio Mawarinuma tributary, Rio Baria System (Ref. 6868).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Peckoltia caenosa Armbruster, 2008 Fr native   15.69 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the llanos of Venezuela in rivers draining into the middle Río Orinoco (Ref. 77026).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Peckoltia lineola Armbruster, 2008 Fr native   9.69 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Río Ventuari (Ref. 77026). 
Loricariidae Peckoltia lujani Armbruster, Werneke & Tan, 2015 Fr native   7.51 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Peckoltia lujani, Amazonas, río Orinoco at Paso Ganado, 38 km NNW of San Fernando de Atabapo. Known from the Orinoco River drainage (Ref. 99824).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Peckoltia sabaji Armbruster, 2003 Fr native  occasional (usually not seen) 19.77 cm SL male/unsexed  Collected from the Amazons, Río Cinaruco - Río Orinoco Dr., Apure and Río Siapa - Río Casiquiare - Río Negro Dr. (Ref. 50590). 
Loricariidae Peckoltia vittata (Steindachner, 1881) Fr native   15.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Río Ventuari, Río Orinoco drainage (Ref. 77026). 
Loricariidae Peckoltia wernekei Armbruster & Lujan, 2016 Fr native    Type locality of Peckoltia wernekei: Ventuari River drainage, Amazonas State (Ref. 111081).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Pseudancistrus coquenani (Steindachner, 1915) Fr endemic  Corroncho (Spanish)  8.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Kukenan River basin in upper Caroni River drainage (Ref. 36713). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Pseudancistrus orinoco (Isbrücker, Nijssen & Cala, 1988) Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36713).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Pseudancistrus pectegenitor Lujan, Armbruster & Sabaj Pérez, 2007 Fr native   24.16 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the main channel of the Rio Orinoco above Raudales Autures (near mouth of Rio Ventuari) and in the Rio Casiquiare, Amazonas. 
Loricariidae Pseudancistrus reus Armbruster & Taphorn, 2008 Fr native   7.65 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded only from the type locality in Río Caroní, Bolivar which is now part of the Caruachi Reservoir (Ref. 75198).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Pseudancistrus sidereus Armbruster, 2004 Fr native   17.56 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Amazonas (Ref. 53269). 
Loricariidae Pseudancistrus yekuana Lujan, Armbruster & Sabaj Pérez, 2007 Fr native   4.27 cm SL male/unsexed  Found only in the Rio Ventuari immediately above Salto Tencua (Ref. 58451).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Pseudohemiodon unillano Rojas-Molina, Provenzano & Ramírez-Gil, 2019 Fr native   20.05 cm SL male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Pseudolithoxus anthrax (Armbruster & Provenzano, 2000) Fr endemic   12.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Río Orinoco in Estado Amazonas and in the Ríos Caura and Aro of Estado Bolivar. Type locality, Río Orinoco backwater behind sand beach about 0.5 hr upstream from Isla Temblador, Estado Amazonas (Ref. 40437). Also Ref. 36713. 
Loricariidae Pseudolithoxus dumus (Armbruster & Provenzano, 2000) Fr native   10.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Río Orinoco and tributaries of southern Venezuela from about Puerto Ayacucho to the Río Casiquiare (Ref. 40437). Also Ref. 36713. 
Loricariidae Pseudolithoxus kelsorum Lujan & Birindelli, 2011 Fr native   6.60 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Loricariidae Pseudolithoxus nicoi (Armbruster & Provenzano, 2000) Fr native   11.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Río Casiquiare and upper Río Negro in Estado Amazonas. Type locality, Río Manipitare (Río Siapa drainage), from about 5-8 km upstream from confluence with Río Siapa, Departmento Río Negro, Estado Amazonas, MCNG 37033 (Ref. 40437). Also Ref. 36713. 
Loricariidae Pseudolithoxus tigris (Armbruster & Provenzano, 2000) Fr native   9.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Río Orinoco and Río Ventuari. Type locality, Río Orinoco backwater behind sand beach about 0.5 hr upstream from Isla Temblador, Estado Amazonas (Ref. 40437). Also Ref. 36713. 
Loricariidae Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps (Kner, 1854) Fr native   50.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus (Hancock, 1828) Fr native   50.00 cm TL male/unsexed 23  
Loricariidae Pterygoplichthys zuliaensis Weber, 1991 Fr native      No picture yet.
Loricariidae Rhinotocinclus discolor Reis & Lehmann, 2022 Fr native   2.51 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Rhinotocinclus discolor from Caño Pasa, tributary of Río Sipapo, 98 km from Puerto Ayacucho airport, Amazonas, Venezuela, MHNLS 26183. Known from creeks of Río Orinoco basin in the State of Amazonas (Ref. 128924).  No picture yet.
Loricariidae Rineloricaria caracasensis (Bleeker, 1862) Fr native  Paleta (Spanish), Tabla (Spanish)     No picture yet.
Loricariidae Rineloricaria eigenmanni (Pellegrin, 1908) Fr native  Paleta (Spanish), Tabla (Spanish)  10.20 cm SL male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Rineloricaria formosa Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 Fr native  Paleta (Spanish), Tabla (Spanish)  15.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Rineloricaria magdalenae (Steindachner, 1879) Fr native  Paleta (Spanish), Tabla (Spanish)  20.00 cm male/unsexed   
Loricariidae Soromonichthys stearleyi Lujan & Armbruster, 2011 Fr native   2.97 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Amazonas State, Soromoni Creek, cobble and gravel shoal approximately 30 minutes by boat from the mouth and 11.8 km E of La Esmeralda, MCNG 55347 (holotype of Soromonichthys stearleyi, 2.97 cm SL). Known only from relatively low elevation (ca. 120 m asl) reaches of Soromoni Creek (a clearwater tributary of the upper Orinoco draining the southwestern slope of Mount Duida, a tepui at the western margin of the Guiana Shield with a maximum elevation greater than 2300 meters above sea level) (Ref. 87303). 
Loricariidae Spatuloricaria lagoichthys (Schultz, 1944) Fr native  Tabla (Spanish), Paleta (Spanish)  30.59 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Spatuloricaria phelpsi Schultz, 1944 Fr native   33.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Sturisoma tenuirostre (Steindachner, 1910) Fr native   12.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Meta River basin (Ref. 36389). 
Loricariidae Sturisomatichthys festivum (Myers, 1942) Fr native   16.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Lago de Maracaibo basin (Ref. 26543). Also Ref. 6868. 
Loricariidae Sturisomatichthys kneri (Ghazzi, 2005) Fr native   23.89 cm SL male/unsexed  Found only in Lago Maracaibo drainage (Ref. 56068). 
Mugilidae Dajaus monticola (Bancroft, 1834) Fr native   36.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 7251, 79012. 
Mugilidae Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 Fr, Br, M, Fi, Ft native   80.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;69.00 cm TL female  Common in Venezuelan estuaries (Ref. 9626). 
Ophichthidae Stictorhinus potamius Böhlke & McCosker, 1975 Fr native   34.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the lower Orinoco River (Ref. 58455).  No picture yet.
Parodontidae Apareiodon gransabana Starnes & Schindler, 1993 Fr native   9.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the upper Rio Caroni system, a mjor southern tributary to the Rio Orinoco in southeastern Venezuela (Ref. 10296). Also Ref. 38267.  No picture yet.
Parodontidae Apareiodon orinocensis Bonilla, Machado-Allison, Silvera, Chernoff, López & Lasso, 1999 Fr native   13.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38267).  No picture yet.
Parodontidae Parodon apolinari Myers, 1930 Fr native   10.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38267).  No picture yet.
Parodontidae Parodon guyanensis Géry, 1960 Fr native   12.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38267). 
Parodontidae Parodon suborbitalis Valenciennes, 1850 Fr native   12.10 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo and Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38267). Type locality: Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Pimelodidae Brachyplatystoma filamentosum (Lichtenstein, 1819) Fr, Br native  Blanco pobre (Spanish)  360 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Manamito channel (Ref. 51849). 
Pimelodidae Brachyplatystoma juruense (Boulenger, 1898) Fr native   60.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Brachyplatystoma platynema Boulenger, 1898 Fr native  Bagre hipi (Spanish)  100.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from R. Apure (Ref. 40172) 
Pimelodidae Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii (Castelnau, 1855) Fr native  Bagre dorado (Spanish)  192 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from R. Apure (Ref. 40172). 
Pimelodidae Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr, Br native  Valentón (Spanish)  150 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51847). 
Pimelodidae Calophysus macropterus (Lichtenstein, 1819) Fr native   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Cheirocerus abuelo (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36506). Type locality: Río de Los Pájaros, 3 km above Lago Maracaibo, Venezuela, 15 ft. (Ref. 6868, 26282). 
Pimelodidae Duopalatinus peruanus Eigenmann & Allen, 1942 Fr native   15.00 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Pimelodidae Exallodontus aguanai Lundberg, Mago-Leccia & Nass, 1991 Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Río Orinoco near Los Castillos, Territorio Federal, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela, 8°32'N, 62°23'W, 20-30 m (Ref. 26282). 
Pimelodidae Hemisorubim platyrhynchos (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr native   61.00 cm TL female  Known from Apure, Portuguesa, Gunare and Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172). 
Pimelodidae Hypophthalmus edentatus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 Fr, Br native   57.50 cm TL male/unsexed 26 TL  
Pimelodidae Hypophthalmus fimbriatus Kner, 1858 Fr native   46.50 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Hypophthalmus marginatus Valenciennes, 1840 Fr native  Bagre paisano (Spanish)  56.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Pimelodidae Leiarius marmoratus (Gill, 1870) Fr native   100.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Leiarius pictus (Müller & Troschel, 1849) Fr native   60.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Megalonema orixanthum Lundberg & Dahdul, 2008 Fr native   11.58 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 79495).  No picture yet.
Pimelodidae Megalonema platycephalum Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   30.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Megalonema psammium Schultz, 1944 Fr native    Occurs in the Maracaibo basin (Ref. 6868).  No picture yet.
Pimelodidae Perrunichthys perruno Schultz, 1944 Fr native   60.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36506). 
Pimelodidae Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Fr native   135 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Pimelodina flavipinnis Steindachner, 1876 Fr native  Bagre (Spanish)  39.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena and Guanipa river - Venado channel (Ref. 51849). 
Pimelodidae Pimelodus albofasciatus Mees, 1974 Fr native   29.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Pimelodus altissimus Eigenmann & Pearson, 1942 Fr native  Bagre cogotúo (Spanish)   Found in Pedernales channel (Ref. 51849).  No picture yet.
Pimelodidae Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes, 1840 Fr, Br native  Bagre cogotúo (Spanish)  35.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Pimelodidae Pimelodus coprophagus Schultz, 1944 Fr native   25.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36506). 
Pimelodidae Pimelodus grosskopfii Steindachner, 1879 Fr native   38.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36506). 
Pimelodidae Pimelodus navarroi Schultz, 1944 Fr native   30.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 36506).  No picture yet.
Pimelodidae Pimelodus ornatus Kner, 1858 Fr native   38.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Pimelodus pictus Steindachner, 1876 Fr native   11.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Pinirampus pirinampu (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr, Sp native  Barba-chata (Spanish)  120 cm TL male/unsexed  Utilized as a game fish (Ref. 6323). 
Pimelodidae Platynematichthys notatus (Jardine, 1841) Fr native   80.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Platysilurus malarmo Schultz, 1944 Fr native   70.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Lago Maracaibo near the mouth of the Río Concho (Ref. 36506). Also Ref. 26543. 
Pimelodidae Platysilurus mucosus (Vaillant, 1880) Fr native   20.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Platystomatichthys sturio (Kner, 1858) Fr native   40.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River (Ref. 36506). 
Pimelodidae Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr native  Fraile (Spanish), Rayao (Spanish)  105 cm SL male/unsexed 53 TL Known from Apure, Portuguesa, Gunare and Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172). Also Ref. 10945. 
Pimelodidae Pseudoplatystoma metaense Buitrago-Suárez & Burr, 2007 Fr native   55.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 59362). 
Pimelodidae Pseudoplatystoma orinocoense Buitrago-Suárez & Burr, 2007 Fr native   52.42 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 59362). 
Pimelodidae Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr native   130 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Apure, Portuguesa, Gunare and Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172). 
Pimelodidae Sorubim cuspicaudus Littmann, Burr & Nass, 2000 Fr native   80.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Sorubim elongatus Littmann, Burr, Schmidt & Isern, 2001 Fr native   32.20 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Sorubim lima (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Fr native   54.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 26543). 
Pimelodidae Sorubimichthys planiceps (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr native   150 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pimelodidae Zungaro zungaro (Humboldt, 1821) Fr native   140 cm SL male/unsexed   
Poeciliidae Limia heterandria Regan, 1913 Fr endemic   3.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;4.00 cm female  Also Ref. 26130. 
Poeciliidae Poecilia caucana (Steindachner, 1880) Fr native   3.00 cm TL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm NG female  Found in Lake Maracaibo. 
Poeciliidae Poecilia dauli Meyer & Radda, 2000 Fr native   1.70 cm SL male/unsexed ;1.90 cm SL female  Museum: brook near Miranda, NMW 94540 (holotype, male, 1.7 cm SL) Ref. 42987). Also collected in Chichiriviche and in a ditch near Bachaquero (Ref. 42987).  No picture yet.
Poeciliidae Poecilia koperi Poeser, 2003 Fr native    Type locality, Rio Curipe at Higuerote (Ref. 50838).  No picture yet.
Poeciliidae Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859 Fr native  Guppy (English), Sardinita (Spanish)  5.00 cm SL male/unsexed ;6.00 cm SL female  Found in Capure Island (Ref. 51849). Recorded from a diversity of aquatic ecosystems fringing the western slope of the Andes (Ref. 46088), and coastal drainages between the Orinoco delta, Venezuela and the Essequibo River delta, Guyana (Ref. 129076). Also Ref. 33390, 46088. 
Poeciliidae Poecilia sphenops Valenciennes, 1846 Fr native   7.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Poeciliidae Poecilia vivipara Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Fr, Br native  Guppy (English), Sardinita (Spanish)  7.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in mouth of Pedernales channel, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and Capure Island (Ref. 51849). 
Poeciliidae Poecilia wandae Poeser, 2003 Fr native    Type locality, Hot spring, creek trib. to Rio Mechango, 20 km above bridge, Maracaibo basin (Ref. 50838).  No picture yet.
Poeciliidae Poecilia wingei Poeser, Kempkes & Isbrücker, 2005 Fr native  Endler's guppy (English)  2.00 cm SL female  Known from Campoma- and Buena Vista Lagoons in Carúpano (Ref. 57924). 
Poeciliidae Poeciliopsis gracilis (Heckel, 1848) Fr introduced   9.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Poeciliidae Tomeurus gracilis Eigenmann, 1909 Fr native  Guppy (English), Sardinita (Spanish)  3.30 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Guanipa river - Venado channel and Manamito channel (Ref. 51849). 
Polycentridae Monocirrhus polyacanthus Heckel, 1840 Fr native   8.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 50082). 
Polycentridae Polycentrus schomburgkii Müller & Troschel, 1849 Fr native  Falso pez hoja (Spanish)  5.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Capure Island (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 50082. 
Potamotrygonidae Paratrygon aiereba (Müller & Henle, 1841) Fr native  Raya (Spanish)  80.00 cm WD male/unsexed ;78.00 cm WD female  Known only in the clear water of the main channel of the Caño Guaritico. Common in the Venezuelan Ilanos (Ref. 27749). 
Potamotrygonidae Potamotrygon orbignyi (Castelnau, 1855) Fr native  Raya dulceacuícola (Spanish)  35.00 cm WD male/unsexed ;32.50 cm WD female  Found in both white and clear waters; collected in stream-swamps called 'inactive caños' in Caño Guaritico and in floodplain lakes and artificial lagoons. Common in the Venezuelan Ilanos (Ref. 27749). Found also in Pedernales channel, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 28768, 38803. 
Potamotrygonidae Potamotrygon schroederi Fernández-Yépez, 1958 Fr native  Raya guacamaya (Spanish)  60.00 cm WD male/unsexed  Reported from Rio Apure, Orinoco basin (Ref. 36687). 
Potamotrygonidae Potamotrygon yepezi Castex & Castello, 1970 Fr native  Raya (Spanish)  40.00 cm WD male/unsexed  Known from Lago de Maracaibo. Type locality: Río Palmar at bridge, 70 km southwest of Maracaibo, se. Maracaibo Lake region, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). Found in El Tulé, El Congo, Rio Misoa, Bobures (Ref. 38803). 
Pristidae Pristis microdon Latham, 1794 Fr, Br, M native   700 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pristidae Pristis pectinata Latham, 1794 Fr, Br, M native   760 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pristidae Pristis pristis (Linnaeus, 1758) Fr native  Pez sierra (Spanish)  750 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Maracaibo Lake (Ref. 57708). 
Pristigasteridae Pellona flavipinnis (Valenciennes, 1837) Fr, Br native  Sardina (Spanish)  73.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of the Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 5217. 
Prochilodontidae Prochilodus mariae Eigenmann, 1922 Fr native  Coporo de los Llanos (Spanish), Coporo (Spanish)  40.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Orinoco River basin (Ref. 37057). Recorded from R. Bocono, Portuguesa, Guanare and Apure (Ref. 40172). 
Prochilodontidae Prochilodus reticulatus Valenciennes, 1850 Fr, Aq native  Bocochico del Maracaibo (Spanish)  28.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Prochilodontidae Prochilodus rubrotaeniatus Jardine, 1841 Fr native  Bocachica de Guianas (Spanish)  32.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Prochilodontidae Semaprochilodus kneri (Pellegrin, 1909) Fr native  Bocochico del Orinoco (Spanish)  28.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Caicara del Orinoco, Bolivar State (Ref. 55703). 
Prochilodontidae Semaprochilodus laticeps (Steindachner, 1879) Fr native  Sapuara del Orinoco (Spanish), Zapoara (Spanish)  44.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 37057). Type locality: Bolivar, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Pseudopimelodidae Batrochoglanis acanthochiroides (Güntert, 1942) Fr native   80.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pseudopimelodidae Batrochoglanis villosus (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native   14.80 cm TL male/unsexed   
Pseudopimelodidae Cephalosilurus apurensis (Mees, 1978) Fr endemic   29.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Rio Arichuna, Apure (Ref. 6868, 39418). 
Pseudopimelodidae Microglanis iheringi Gomes, 1946 Fr endemic   6.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Rio Turmero near Turmero, Aragua (Ref. 6868). Also Ref. 39418. 
Pseudopimelodidae Pseudopimelodus bufonius (Valenciennes, 1840) Fr native   24.50 cm SL male/unsexed   
Pseudopimelodidae Rhyacoglanis annulatus Shibatta & Vari, 2017 Fr native   4.25 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality of Rhyacoglanis annulatus: Río Orinoco, Raudales de Atures, at Culebra, approximately 7 km S of Puerto Ayacucho (Ref. 128485).  No picture yet.
Rhamphichthyidae Gymnorhamphichthys bogardusae Lundberg, 2005 Fr native    Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 86697).  No picture yet.
Rhamphichthyidae Gymnorhamphichthys hypostomus Ellis, 1912 Fr native  Cuchillo (Spanish)  21.50 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Rhamphichthyidae Gymnorhamphichthys rondoni (Miranda Ribeiro, 1920) Fr native   15.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Rhamphichthyidae Rhamphichthys apurensis (Fernández-Yépez, 1968) Fr native    Type locality: Río Bucaral, Paso Don Pancho, tributary of Río Apure, Orinoco basin, Venezuela.  No picture yet.
Rhamphichthyidae Rhamphichthys drepanium Triques, 1999 Fr native   45.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco Basin in Río Apure, Caño Paloma at its mouth on Río Orinoco and El Almacen (Ref. 35403).  No picture yet.
Rhamphichthyidae Rhamphichthys rostratus (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr native   100.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Rivulidae Anablepsoides bondi (Schultz, 1949) Fr native    Found in tributary to Río Guaire, La Florida, Caracas (Ref. 36579).  No picture yet.
Rivulidae Anablepsoides caurae (Radda, 2004) Fr native   3.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Caura in Bolivar (Ref. 55923). Type locality, Rio Caura, 1 km from the village of El Playon towards the waterfall (Raudal Pará), 6°18'N, 64°25'W, Bolivar (Ref. 54621). 
Rivulidae Anablepsoides deltaphilus (Seegers, 1983) Fr endemic   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36579). 
Rivulidae Anablepsoides hartii (Boulenger, 1890) Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Rivulidae Anablepsoides immaculatus (Thomerson, Nico & Taphorn, 1991) Fr endemic   9.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Austrofundulus guajira Hrbek, Taphorn & Thomerson, 2005 Fr native     
Rivulidae Austrofundulus leohoignei Hrbek, Taphorn & Thomerson, 2005 Fr native    Known from Río Aroa drainage. 
Rivulidae Austrofundulus leoni Hrbek, Taphorn & Thomerson, 2005 Fr native    Found in lowlands of Lake Maracaibo basin.  No picture yet.
Rivulidae Austrofundulus limnaeus Schultz, 1949 Fr native   8.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Maracaibo Lake (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Austrofundulus transilis Myers, 1932 Fr endemic   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey, 1880) Fr native   7.50 cm TL male/unsexed   
Rivulidae Kryptolebias ocellatus (Hensel, 1868) Fr, Br native  Sardinita (Spanish)  6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island and Guanipa river - Venado channel (Ref. 51849). 
Rivulidae Laimosemion gransabanae (Lasso, Taphorn & Thomerson, 1992) Fr native   5.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 26072, 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Laimosemion lyricauda (Thomerson, Berkenkamp & Taphorn, 1991) Fr endemic   5.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36579). Found only in Rio Caroni, probably widely distributed in the upper basin: from Arekuna on the Rio Caroni itself, in the vicinity of Canaima on the lower Rio Carrao, and upper Rio Carro tributaries on the other (south) side of Auyantepuy (Ref. 26751). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Laimosemion nicoi (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1992) Fr native   3.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Orinoco drainage (Ref. 26619). Also Ref. 27139, 36579.  No picture yet.
Rivulidae Laimosemion sape (Lasso-Alcalá, Taphorn, Lasso & León-Mata, 2006) Fr native    Knonw from the upper Paragua River, Caroni River drainage of the Guyana Shield (Ref. 57644).  No picture yet.
Rivulidae Laimosemion staecki (Schindler & Valdesalici, 2011) Fr native   2.89 cm SL male/unsexed  Known only from the type locality, a pond in Rio Negro basin, about 20 km south of San Carlos de Rio Negro at the village Darigua in Amazonas (Ref. 87326).  No picture yet.
Rivulidae Laimosemion tecminae (Thomerson, Nico & Taphorn, 1992) Fr native   5.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Llanolebias stellifer (Thomerson & Turner, 1973) Fr endemic   7.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Micromoema xiphophora (Thomerson & Taphorn, 1992) Fr endemic   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Orinoco drainage (Ref. 26619). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Pterolebias hoignei Thomerson, 1974 Fr native   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Pterolebias zonatus Myers, 1935 Fr endemic   10.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco basin (Ref. 13284, 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Rachovia brevis (Regan, 1912) Fr native   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Rachovia hummelincki de Beaufort, 1940 Fr native   5.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Rachovia maculipinnis (Radda, 1964) Fr native   6.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Rachovia pyropunctata Taphorn & Thomerson, 1978 Fr endemic   5.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Maracaibo Lake basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 21739. 
Rivulidae Renova oscari Thomerson & Taphorn, 1995 Fr endemic   4.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 27139. 
Rivulidae Rivulus tomasi Vermeulen, Valdesalici & Garcia-Gil, 2013 Fr native   3.73 cm SL male/unsexed ;3.20 cm SL female  Known only from its type locality, a tributary of the middle Rio Orinoco, south of Puerto Ayacucho in the Amazonas Territories, southwest Venezuela (Ref. 94444). 
Rivulidae Terranatos dolichopterus (Weitzman & Wourms, 1967) Fr endemic   4.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36579). Also Ref. 4537, 27139. 
Salmonidae Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) Fr, Aq introduced   122 cm TL male/unsexed   
Salmonidae Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) Fr introduced   86.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Sciaenidae Cynoscion acoupa (Lacepède, 1801) Fr, Br, M, Fi, B native  Curvina (Spanish)  110 cm TL male/unsexed 53 TL Known from the Gulf of Venezuela, Maracaibo Lake, the Anzoátegui coast, the Paria Gulf, Orinoco delta and the Guiana region (Ref. 9626). Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Used as bait for Gobioides broussonetti (Ref. 9626). 
Sciaenidae Pachypops fourcroi (Lacepède, 1802) Fr native  Curvinata (Spanish), Curbinata (Spanish)  25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36888). 
Sciaenidae Pachyurus gabrielensis Casatti, 2001 Fr native  Curbinata (Spanish)  14.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 36888). 
Sciaenidae Pachyurus schomburgkii Günther, 1860 Fr native  Curbinata (Spanish)  28.50 cm SL male/unsexed ;28.90 cm SL female  Known from the Amazon and Orinoco River basins (Ref. 5508). Also Ref. 36888. 
Sciaenidae Petilipinnis grunniens (Jardine & Schomburgk, 1843) Fr native   27.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 36888).  No picture yet.
Sciaenidae Plagioscion auratus (Castelnau, 1855) Fr native  Curvinata negra (Spanish), Curbinata (Spanish)  34.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel and Manamito channel (Ref. 51849). 
Sciaenidae Plagioscion casattii Aguilera & Rodrigues de Aguilera, 2001 Fr native  Curvinata (Spanish)  33.00 cm SL male/unsexed 27 TL Known from the Orinoco River near Ciudad Bolivar, Bolivar State. Type locality, Río Orinoco, MBUCV-V-29491 (holotype of Plagioscion casattii (Ref. 36888, 44362). Also Ref. 36888.  No picture yet.
Sciaenidae Plagioscion squamosissimus (Heckel, 1840) Fr native  Silver croaker (English), Curvinata (Spanish)  80.00 cm TL male/unsexed 26 TL Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island,Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). 
Serrasalmidae Catoprion mento (Cuvier, 1819) Fr, Fi native  Palometa caribe (Spanish)  15.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Orinoco River. 
Serrasalmidae Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) Fr, Aq native  Cachama negra (Spanish), Cachama (Spanish), Morocoto (Spanish)  108 cm TL male/unsexed 24 TL  
Serrasalmidae Metynnis longipinnis Zarske & Géry, 2008 Fr native  Silverdollar (English)  6.65 cm SL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Metynnis orinocensis (Steindachner, 1908) Fr native    Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031).  No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Mylesinus schomburgkii Valenciennes, 1850 Fr native  Surapira (Spanish)   Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031).  No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Myleus setiger Müller & Troschel, 1844 Fr native   27.20 cm SL male/unsexed ;28.70 cm SL female   
Serrasalmidae Myloplus asterias (Müller & Troschel, 1844) Fr native   25.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Amazonas and Bolivar (Ref. 91324). 
Serrasalmidae Myloplus lobatus (Valenciennes, 1850) Fr native   24.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031).  No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Myloplus rubripinnis (Müller & Troschel, 1844) Fr native  Pampano (Spanish), Palometa (Spanish)  41.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Amazonas and Bolivar (Ref. 91324). 
Serrasalmidae Myloplus schomburgkii (Jardine, 1841) Fr native  Palometa (Spanish), Pampano (Spanish)  42.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Amazonas and Bolivar (Ref. 91324). 
Serrasalmidae Myloplus torquatus (Kner, 1858) Fr native  Palometa (Spanish), Pampano (Spanish)  29.40 cm SL male/unsexed ;27.90 cm SL female  Known from Amazonas and Bolivar (Ref. 91324). 
Serrasalmidae Mylossoma acanthogaster (Valenciennes, 1850) Fr native  Palometa (Spanish)  28.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Known ony from the Lago de Maracaibo basin (Ref. 26543). Also Ref. 39031, 117280. 
Serrasalmidae Mylossoma albiscopum (Cope, 1872) Fr native   24.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from Rio Orinoco basin, Bolivar and Guárico (Ref. 117280).  No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Mylossoma aureum (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr native  Palometa de rio (Spanish)  20.00 cm TL male/unsexed   
Serrasalmidae Mylossoma duriventre (Cuvier, 1818) Fr native  Palometa (Spanish)  25.00 cm SL male/unsexed 17 TL Known from Apure, Portuguesa, Gunare and Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172). 
Serrasalmidae Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818) Fr, Fi, Aq native  Cachama (Spanish), Morocoto (Spanish)  88.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River Basin (Ref. 39031); also from Apure, Portuguesa, Gunare, Bocono rivers (Ref. 40172); Pedernales channel and Guanipa river - Venado channel (Ref. 51849). 
Serrasalmidae Piaractus orinoquensis Escobar L., Ota, Machado-Allison, Andrade-López, Farias & Hrbek, 2019 Fr native    Type locality of Piaractus orinoquensis from Laguna La raya, caño Falcón, nearby Camaguan, Guárico; ANSP 163570 (Ref. 120210).  No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Pristobrycon calmoni (Steindachner, 1908) Fr native  Caribito (Spanish), Caribe (Spanish)  15.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 598. 
Serrasalmidae Pristobrycon careospinus Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992 Fr native  Caribe (Spanish)  11.05 cm SL male/unsexed  Found only at the El Loro lagoon, a part of the Atabapo River (Ref. 26694). Also Ref. 39031. 
Serrasalmidae Pristobrycon maculipinnis Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992 Fr native  Caribe (Spanish)  24.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found so far in blackwater areas of southern Venezuela, in a tributary of the Casiquiare River and a tributary of the Atabapo River (Ref. 26694). Also Ref. 39031. 
Serrasalmidae Pristobrycon striolatus (Steindachner, 1908) Fr native  Caribito (Spanish), Jetudo (Spanish)  20.10 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). Type locality: Río San José, Estado Guárico, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Serrasalmidae Prosomyleus rhomboidalis (Cuvier, 1818) Fr native  Palometa (Spanish), Pampano (Spanish)  40.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Amazonas (Ref. 91324). 
Serrasalmidae Pygocentrus cariba (Humboldt, 1821) Fr, Sp native  Capaburro (Spanish), Caribe colorado (Spanish), Caribe pinche (Spanish)  27.90 cm TL male/unsexed 18.5 TL Known from Rio Orinoco basin lowlands (Ref. 27142). Also Ref. 6323, 39031. 
Serrasalmidae Pygocentrus nattereri Kner, 1858 Fr native  Palometa (Spanish), Caribe boca de locha (Spanish)  50.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Recorded from this country (Ref. 4537). Occurrence in the country is not confirmed (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Pygocentrus palometa Valenciennes, 1850 Fr native    Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031).  No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Pygopristis denticulata (Cuvier, 1819) Fr, Fi native  Palometa caribe (Spanish)  21.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus altuvei Ramírez, 1965 Fr native  Caribe azul (Spanish)  17.30 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus eigenmanni Norman, 1929 Fr native   35.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Amazon River basin (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus elongatus Kner, 1858 Fr native  Caribe pinche (Spanish)  30.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River Basin (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus gouldingi Fink & Machado-Allison, 1992 Fr native  Caribe negro (Spanish)  27.94 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). Occurs in a tributary of the Rio Casiquiare, the Rio Pacimoni (=Pasimoni) and its tributary, the Rio Yatuá (Ref. 26694). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus irritans Peters, 1877 Fr native  Caribe pinche (Spanish)  13.80 cm SL male/unsexed 15.5 TL Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). Type locality: San Fernando Apure, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus manueli (Fernández-Yépez & Ramírez, 1967) Fr native  Caribe parguasero (Spanish), Caribe cachamero (Spanish)  36.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). Recorded from Rio Paraguaza (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus medinai Ramírez, 1965 Fr native  Caribe morichalero (Spanish)  14.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus nalseni Fernández-Yépez, 1969 Fr native  Caribe pintado (Spanish)  12.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Occurs in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus neveriensis Machado-Allison, Fink, López Rojas & Rodenas, 1993 Fr native   18.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in coastal rivers (Ref. 39031). Type locality: Río Querecual, trib. Río Neveri, Querechual, Anzoálegui, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). 
Serrasalmidae Serrasalmus rhombeus (Linnaeus, 1766) Fr, Fi native  Caribe pinche (Spanish)  41.50 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River Basin (Ref. 39031). Also Ref. 12225. 
Serrasalmidae Tometes makue Jégu, Santos & Belmont-Jégu, 2002 Fr native   37.90 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031).  No picture yet.
Serrasalmidae Utiaritichthys sennaebragai Miranda Ribeiro, 1937 Fr native   32.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39031).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Distocyclus conirostris (Eigenmann & Allen, 1942) Fr native   50.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River (Ref. 39524) and Orinoco River basin (Ref. 96854).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Eigenmannia goajira Schultz, 1949 Fr native   49.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 39524).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Eigenmannia humboldtii (Steindachner, 1878) Fr native   48.60 cm SL male/unsexed   
Sternopygidae Eigenmannia limbata (Schreiner & Miranda Ribeiro, 1903) Fr native   48.50 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Eigenmannia nigra Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   47.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Rio Negro basin and Rio Casiquiare (Ref. 39524).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Eigenmannia sayona Peixoto & Waltz, 2017 Fr native   16.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Type locality of the holotype of Eigenmannia sayona: Río Orinoco basin, río Parguaza, Cedeño (Ref. 128865).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Eigenmannia virescens (Valenciennes, 1836) Fr native   44.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River (Ref. 26543). 
Sternopygidae Rhabdolichops caviceps (Fernández-Yépez, 1968) Fr native   31.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 26457.  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Rhabdolichops eastwardi Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 Fr native   27.60 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 26457.  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Rhabdolichops electrogrammus Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 Fr native   29.20 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded from the Orinoco Basin (Ref. 9394). Also Ref. 26457.  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Rhabdolichops stewarti Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 Fr native   20.70 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39524).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Rhabdolichops troscheli (Kaup, 1856) Fr native   49.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Amazon River (Ref. 39524).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Rhabdolichops zareti Lundberg & Mago-Leccia, 1986 Fr native   22.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Recorded only from river channels and lagoons of Orinoco mainstream and Río Apure (Ref. 9394). Also Ref. 26457.  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Sternopygus astrabes Mago-Leccia, 1994 Fr native   23.30 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco and Casiquiare River basins (Ref. 39524).  No picture yet.
Sternopygidae Sternopygus macrurus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Fr native   141 cm TL male/unsexed 35 TL Also Ref. 12225. 
Sternopygidae Sternopygus pejeraton Schultz, 1949 Fr native   50.00 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 39524). Also Ref. 26457.  No picture yet.
Synbranchidae Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch, 1795 Fr native   150 cm TL male/unsexed   
Syngnathidae Microphis lineatus (Kaup, 1856) Fr native   19.40 cm SL male/unsexed   
Syngnathidae Pseudophallus mindii (Meek & Hildebrand, 1923) Fr native   16.00 cm SL male/unsexed   
Syngnathidae Syngnathus scovelli (Evermann & Kendall, 1896) Fr, Br, M native   18.30 cm SL male/unsexed   
Tetraodontidae Colomesus asellus (Müller & Troschel, 1849) Fr native   12.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 79673). 
Tetraodontidae Colomesus psittacus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) Fr, Br, M native  Corrotucho (Spanish)  29.30 cm TL male/unsexed  Found in Pedernales channel, mouth of Pedernales channel - Cotorra Island, Mánamo channel - Güinamorena, Guanipa river - Venado channel, Manamito channel and mouth of Bagre (Ref. 51849). Also Ref. 13608. 
Trichomycteridae Ammoglanis pulex de Pinna & Winemiller, 2000 Fr native   1.49 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Río Paria Grande at bridge on road between Pto. Ayacucho and Samariapo, Estado Amazonas. Specimens collected from sand banks neat the shorelines of clearwater, slightly tea-stained streams draining the Western Guiana highlands in northern Amazonas Territory and western Estado Bolivar, Venezuela (Ref. 40443). Also Ref. 39970.  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Glanapteryx anguilla Myers, 1927 Fr native   6.14 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Haemomaster venezuelae Myers, 1927 Fr native   6.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Santa Barbara, Orinoco, Venezuela (Ref. 6868). 
Trichomycteridae Henonemus triacanthopomus DoNascimiento & Provenzano, 2006 Fr native   9.44 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, beach at Caño Macareo, Estado Delta Amacuro, MBUCV-V 29526 (holotype of Henonemus triacanthopomus, 8.2 cm SL). Known from Apure and Arauca Rivers and in Caño Macareo in the Orinoco Delta, but distribution could probably be through the entire middle and lower reaches of the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 57442). 
Trichomycteridae Megalocentor echthrus de Pinna & Britski, 1991 Fr native   8.79 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Ochmacanthus alternus Myers, 1927 Fr native   4.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Cano do Quiribana, Venezuela (Ref. 6868). 
Trichomycteridae Ochmacanthus flabelliferus Eigenmann, 1912 Fr native   3.50 cm TL male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Ochmacanthus orinoco Myers, 1927 Fr native   4.60 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality: Playa Matepalma, Orinoco, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868). 
Trichomycteridae Pseudostegophilus haemomyzon (Myers, 1942) Fr native   5.70 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Rio Guarico, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868). 
Trichomycteridae Pygidianops cuao Schaefer, Provenzano, de Pinna & Baskin, 2005 Fr native   2.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Rio Cuao drainage basin (Ref. 56682). Rio Cuao ia clearwater tributary of the Rio Orinoco (Ref. 56682).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Pygidianops magoi Schaefer, Provenzano, de Pinna & Baskin, 2005 Fr native   2.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the lower Rio Orinoco mainstem between Ciudad Bolivar and Barrancas (Ref. 56682).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Schultzichthys bondi (Myers, 1942) Fr native   3.65 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Río Apuré at San Fernando de Apuré, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Stegophilus septentrionalis Myers, 1927 Fr native   4.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Santa Barbra, Orinoco, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus arleoi (Fernández-Yépez, 1972) Fr native   7.00 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Yaracuy River basin (Ref. 39970). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus bogotensis (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native   9.40 cm male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus celsae Lasso & Provenzano, 2003 Fr native    Type locality, Río Kukenán, cabeceras, valle between los tepuyes Roraima and Kukenán, Gran Sabana, 5°06'30"N, 60°49'48"W, Estado Bolívar (Ref. 50838).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus conradi (Eigenmann, 1912) Fr native   8.00 cm male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus emanueli (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   17.40 cm male/unsexed  Known from the Chama River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Río Chama at Estanques, Mérida State, Venezuela (Ref. 26282). Also Ref. 6868.  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus guianense (Eigenmann, 1909) Fr native   7.70 cm male/unsexed    No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus lewi Lasso & Provenzano, 2003 Fr native    Type locality, Río Kukenán, cabeceras, valle between los tepuyes Roraima and Kukenán, Gran Sabana, 5°06'30"N, 60°49'48"W, Estado Bolívar (Ref. 50838).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus maracaiboensis (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   4.37 cm male/unsexed  Found in San Juan River, tributary to Motatán River, Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 39970).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus meridae Regan, 1903 Fr native   9.90 cm male/unsexed  Known from the Albirregas River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Merida and Rio Albreggas (Ref. 26282, 6868).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus mondolfi (Schultz, 1945) Fr native   6.05 cm male/unsexed  Known from the Tuy River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Quebrado Chacaito near Caracas, Estado de Mirando, Río Tuy system, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868). 
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus motatanensis (Schultz, 1944) Fr native   7.10 cm male/unsexed  Known from San Juan River, Motatán drainage, Lake Maracaibo basin (Ref. 39970).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Trichomycterus spelaeus DoNascimiento, Villarreal & Provenzano, 2001 Fr native   5.41 cm SL male/unsexed  Type locality, Cueva Punto Fijo, en el caserio Punto Fijo, 7.5 km north of Cerro Yolanda, 590 m.s.n.m., cuenca del río Guasare, Edo. Zulia, MBUCV-V-29602 (holotype of Trichomycterus spelaeus, 5.41 cm SL) (Ref. 80466). Known from Punto Fijo Cave, upper Guasare River basin, Sierra de Perijá, northwestern of Venezuela (Ref. 39970, 80466). 
Trichomycteridae Tridensimilis venezuelae Schultz, 1944 Fr native   2.50 cm TL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970). Type locality: Maracaibo basin, Venezuela (Ref. 26282, 6868).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Typhlobelus guacamaya Schaefer, Provenzano, de Pinna & Baskin, 2005 Fr native   2.82 cm SL male/unsexed  Knonw from Rio Cuao drainage basin (Ref. 56682).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Typhlobelus lundbergi Schaefer, Provenzano, de Pinna & Baskin, 2005 Fr native   2.98 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the lower Rio Orinoco near its delta between Ciudad Bolivar and Los Castillos (Ref. 56682).  No picture yet.
Trichomycteridae Vandellia beccarii Di Caporiacco, 1935 Fr native   5.90 cm NG male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970). 
Trichomycteridae Vandellia sanguinea Eigenmann, 1917 Fr native   8.40 cm SL male/unsexed  Known from the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 39970). 
Triportheidae Agoniates halecinus Müller & Troschel, 1845 Fr native   26.80 cm TL male/unsexed  Also Ref. 38377. 
Triportheidae Triportheus angulatus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) Fr native  Arenca (Spanish)  23.80 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in Mánamo channel - Güinamorena (Ref. 51849). 
Triportheidae Triportheus brachipomus (Valenciennes, 1850) Fr native   21.90 cm SL male/unsexed   
Triportheidae Triportheus elongatus (Günther, 1864) Fr native   24.20 cm SL male/unsexed  Found in the Orinoco River basin (Ref. 38376). 
Triportheidae Triportheus orinocensis Malabarba, 2004 Fr native   13.45 cm SL male/unsexed 18.5 TL Known from the rio Orinoco basin (Ref. 54769).  No picture yet.
Triportheidae Triportheus venezuelensis Malabarba, 2004 Fr native   11.86 cm SL male/unsexed 16.5 TL Known from the rio Orinoco basin (Ref. 54769). 
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