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INTRODUCTION
Western Australia has the longest coastline of all
the Australian States, covering approximately
12500 km .and over 21 degrees of latitude. It is
bathed by waters of fluctuating quality that in
general reflect changes in latitude and bathymetry.
The shallow nearshore waters encompass several
major biogeographic regions, namely the tropical
Dampierian Province in the north and the
temperate Flindersian Province in the south; the
two meet on the central west coast in a broad
overlap zone that Hutchins (1994) referred to as the
Leeuwin Province. These two regions support
markedly different ecosystems: coral reefs and
mangroves characterise the north, whereas rocky
reefs and seagrass beds exemplify the south. The
overlapping zone supports elements of both
regions. This biogeographic complexity is enhanced
further by the variation of its shelf waters, the
deeper, colder seas of the south coast and Great
Australian Bight contrasting the warm, relatively
shallow seas of the North West and Sahul shelves.
Additionally, the inclusion within the State's
boundaries of three groups of offshore coral atolls Rowley Shoals, Scott/Seringapatam reefs and
Ashmore Reef 1 - greatly augments the biotic
diversity. They lie either on or just off the shelf
break and support flora and fauna more atuned to
the rich Indonesian region to the north. The shelf
break also marks the start of a distinctive deepwater
biota that inhabits waters of the continental slope
region. In contrast, freshwater plants and animals
occupy inland waterways where bathymetry plays
a minor role but latitudinal partitioning of tropical
and temperate elements is still prominent. Without
doubt, Western Australia is capable of supporting
aquatic life forms of immense variety, none more so
than its 3 000 species of fishes.
10
J.B. Hutchins
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to thank RA How and M.S. Harvey
who invited me to contribute a checklist of fishes
for this publication. In addition, the following gave
invaluable advice on particular families: G.R Allen
(Pomacentridae, Apogonidae), AC. Gill (Pseudochromidae), D.F. Hoese and H.K. Larson (Gobiidae,
Eleotrididae), RH. Kuiter (Syngnathidae, Apogonidae), T.A Munroe (Cynoglossidae, Soleidae), J.G.
Nielsen (Bythitidae, Ophidiidae, Carapidae), J.E.
Randall (Labridae, Acanthuridae) and A Williams
(Macrouridae, Bathygadidae). D. Polack and J.
Pogonoski provided many suggestions and helped
erradicate numerous errors in an early draft of the
paper. Finally the constructive criticisms of two
referees, G.K. Yearsley and G.R AlIen, improved
this paper significantly.
SOURCES AND REFERENCES
Numerous publications and unpublished reports
were soureed, particularly the excellent list of
Australian fishes produced by CSIRO Marine
Research (Yearsley et al. 1997). Other major sources
include:
Fishes
Allen, G.R. (1974). Part 8. Freshwater fishes. In Miles,
J.M. and Burbidge. AA (eds), A biological survey of
the Prince Regent River Reserve, north-west
Kimberley, Western Australia. Wildlife Research
Bulletin Western Australia 3: 89-96.
Allen, G.R. (1977). Part 5. Fishes of the Abrolhos. In
Wilson, B.R (ed.), Preliminary survey of the marine and
11
Australia 6:102-109.
Hutchins, J.B. (1977). The fish fauna of Rottnest Island in
12
149. Western Australian Museum, Perth (unpublished
report for the National Estate Grant Program).
Hutchins, J.B. (1995b). Part 8. Fishes. In Hutchins, J.B.,
Slacksmith, S.M., Marsh, L.M., Jones, D.s., Bryce,
C,W., Hewitt, M.A., and Hill, A. (eds), Marine
biological survey of Bernier and Dorre Islands, Shark Bay.
Western Australian Museum, Perth (unpublished
report for the Ocean Rescue 2000 Program).
Hutchins, J.B. (1996a). Part 8. Fishes. In Hutchins, J.B.,
Slacksmith, D.S., Bryce, C,W., Morrison, S.M., and
Hewitt, M.A., (eds), Marine biological survey of the
Muiron Islands and the eastern shore of Exmouth Gulf,
Western Australia: 112-135. Western Australian
Museum, Perth (unpublished report for the Ocean
Rescue 2000 Program).
Hutchins, J.B. (1996b). Part 9. Fish. In Wells, F.E., Hanley,
J.Rand Walker, DJ. (eds), Marine biological survey of
the northern Kimberley, Western Australia: 75-84.
Western Australian Museum, Perth (unpublished
report for the National Estate Grant Program).
Hutchins, J.B. (1997a). Checklist of fishes of the Houtman
Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia. In Wells, F.E.
(ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Marine
Biological Workshop: The marine flora and fauna of the
Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia: 239-253.
Western Australian Museum, Perth.
Hutchins, J.B. (1997b). Fish. In Bryce, CW., Hutchins, J.B.
and Fromont, J. (eds), Restricted marine biological
survey of the 'garden bottom' of Beagle Bay, Kimberley,
Western Australia: 11-17 (unpublished report to
Arrow Pearls Pty Ltd).
Hutchins, J.B. (1998). Survey of the fishes of Ashmore Reef.
Western Australian Museum of Natural Science,
Perth (unpublished report to Parks Australia North,
Darwin).
Hutchins, J.B. (1999). Biogeography of the nearshore
marine fish fauna of the Kimberley, Western
Australia. In seret, B. and Sire, J.-Y. (eds), Proceedings
of the Fifth Indo-Pacific Fish Conference, Noumea, 1997:
99-108. Society of French Ichthyologie, Paris.
Hutchins, J.B. and Swainston, R (1986). Sea fishes of
southern Australia. Complete field guide for anglers and
divers. Swainston Publishing, Perth.
Hutchins, J.B. and Thompson, M.(1983). The marine and
estuarine fishes of south-western Australia. A field guide
for anglers and divers. Western Australian Museum,
Perth.
Hutchins, J.B., Williams, D.McB., Newman, S.J., Cappo,
M., and Speare, P. (1995). New records of fishes for
the Rowley Shoals and Scott/Seringapatam Reefs, off
north-western Australia. Records of the Western
Australian Museum 17: 119-123.
Iwamoto, T. and Williams, A. (1999). Grenadiers (pisces,
Gadiformes) from the continental slope of Western
and northwestern Australia. Proceedings of the
California Academy of Sciences 51(3): 105-243.
Last, P.R and Stevens, J.D. (1994). Sharks and rays of
Australia. CSIRO, Australia.
Lenanton, RCJ. (1974). Fish and crustacea of the
Western Australian south coast rivers and estuaries.
Fisheries Research Bulletin No. 13: 1-17.
Lenanton, RCJ. (1978). Fish and exploited crustaceans ofthe
J.B. Hutchins
Fishes
13
Class CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI
Family PETROMYZONTIDAE (Lampreys)
Family HEMISCYLLIDAE
(Longtail Carpet Sharks)
Family PARASCYLLIDAE
(Collared Carpet Sharks)
Struhsaker,1983
Family STEGASTOMATIDAE (Leopard Shark)
Family PSEUDOCARCHARIIDAE
(Crocodile Shark)
14
J.B. Hutchins
Fishes
15
J.B. Hutchins
16
Fishes
17
Family SYNAPHOBRANCHIDAE
(Cutthroat Eels)
J.B. Hutchins
18
Fishes
19
Family MELANOSTOMIIDAE
(Scaleless Dragonfishes)
1978
20
J.B. Hutchins
Fishes
21
22
J.B. Hutchins
Fishes
23
Cetonurichthys
subinflatus
ShCherbaChev, 1982
Sazonov
and
J.B. Hutchins
24
Phalloceros
caudimaculatus
[introduced]
(Hensel,
1868)
Fishes
25
1987
26
J.B. Hutchins
Fishes
27
J.B. Hutchins
28
Fishes
29
J.B. Hutchins
30
Fishes
31
J.B. Hutchins
32
1985
Fishes
33
34
J.B. Hutchins
Fishes
35
Family BATHYCLUPEIDAE
J.B. Hutchins
36
Fishes
37
J.B. Hutchins
38
Fishes
39
J.B. Hutchins
40
Fishes
41
J.B. Hutchins
42
Fishes
43
J.B. Hutchins
44
Fishes
45
J.B. Hutchins
46
Fishes
47
J.B. Hutchins
48
Fishes
49
INDEX OF FAMILIES
A
Acanthoclinidae
Acanthuridae
Albulidae
Alepisauridae
Alepocephalidae
Alopiidae
Ammodytidae
Anacanthobatidae
Anguillidae
Antennariidae
Aploactinidae
Aplodactylidae
Apogonidae
Argentinidae
Ariidae
Ariommatidae
Arripidae
Astronesthidae
Ateleopodidae
Atherinidae
Aulopodidae
Aulostomidae
Page
31
45
16
21
19
13
42
15
16
22
28
38
31
18
21
46
33
19
20
25
20
26
Chandidae
Chanidae
Chauliodontidae
Chaunacidae
Cheilodactylidae
Chimaeridae
Chirocentridae
Chironemidae
Chlopsidae
Chlorophthalmidae
Cichlidae
Cirrhitidae
Citharidae
Clinidae
Clupeidae
Colocongridae
Congiopodidae
Congridae
Coryphaenidae
Creediidae
Cyclopteridae
Cyematidae
Cynoglossidae
Cyprinidae
29
21
19
22
38
16
18
38
16
20
37
38
46
42
18
17
29
17
33
40
29
18
47
21
D
Dactylopteridae
Dasyatididae
Dinolestidae
Diodontidae
Diretmidae
29
15
32
48
25
Balistidae
Banjosidae
Barbourisiidae
Bathyclupeidae
Bathypteroidae
Bathysauridae
Batrachoididae
Belonidae
Berycidae
Blenniidae
Bothidae
Bramidae
Bregmacerotidae
Bythitidae
47
31
21
35
21
20
21
24
25
41
46
33
23
23
Caesionidae
Callionymidae
Callorhinchidae
Caproidae
Caracanthidae
Carangidae
Carapidae
Carcharhinidae
Centriscidae
Centrolophidae
Centropomidae
Cepolidae
Ceratiidae
Cetorhinidae
Chaetodontidae
Champsodontidae
34
42
16
26
28
33
23
14
26
46
29
38
22
13
36
41
E
Echeneidae
Echinorhinidae
Eleotrididae
Elopidae
Emmelichthyidae
Engraulididae
Enoplosidae
Ephippidae
Eurypharyngidae
Ereuniidae
Exocoetidae
32
15
44
16
33
18
36
36
18
29
24
F
Fistulariidae
26
G
Galaxiidae
Gempylidae
Gerreidae
Giganturidae
Ginglymostomatidae
Glaucosomatidae
Gnathanacanthidae
Gobiesocidae
18
45
34
21
14
31
28
22
Gobiidae
Gonorynchidae
Gonostomatidae
Gramrnicolepididae
Grammistidae
Gymnuridae
42
21
18
26
30
16
H
Haemulidae
Halosauridae
Harpadontidae
Hemigaleidae
Hemiramphidae
Hemiscyllidae
Heterodontidae
Hexatrygonidae
Hexanchidae
Himantolophidae
Holocentridae
Hoplichthyidae
Hypnidae
34
18
20
14
24
13
13
16
13
22
25
29
15
19
21
25
46
Idiacanthidae
Ipnopidae
Isonidae
Istiophoridae
K
Kraemeriidae
Kuhliidae
Kurtidae
Kyphosidae
44
31
44
36
L
Labridae
Lactariidae
Lamnidae
Lampridae
Latrididae
Leiognathidae
Lepidogalaxiidae
Leptochilichthyidae
Leptoscopidae
Lethrinidae
Lobotidae
Lophiidae
Lophotidae
Luvaridae
Luljanidae
38
32
13
26
38
33
18
19
40
35
34
22
26
46
34
M
Macroramphosidae
Macrouridae
Macruronidae
Malacanthidae
Malacosteidae
26
23
23
32
19
J.B. Hutchins
50
Megachasmidae
Megalopidae
Melamphaidae
Melanonidae
Melanostomiidae
Menidae
Merlucciidae
(see Macruronidae)
Microdesmidae
Mobulidae
Molidae
Monacanthidae
Monocentrididae
Monodactylidae
Moridae
Moringuidae
Mugilidae
Mullidae
Muraenesocidae
Muraenidae
Myctophidae
Myliobatididae
13
16
25
22
19
33
23
44
16
48
47
25
35
22
16
38
35
17
16
20
16
Narcinidae
Nemichthyidae
Nemipteridae
Neoscopelidae
Nettastomatidae
Nomeidae
Notacanthidae
Notograptidae
Notosudidae
15
18
34
20
17
46
18
41
21
Odacidae
Odontaspididae
Ogcocephalidae
Omosudidae
Ophichthidae
Ophiclinidae
Ophidiidae
Opisthognathidae
Oplegnathidae
Orectolobidae
Oreosomatidae
Ostraciidae
Oxynotidae
39
13
22
21
17
41
23
40
37
13
26
48
15
Paralepididae
Paralichthyidae
Parascyllidae
Parazenidae
Pataecidae
Pegasidae
21
46
13
26
28
29
Pempherididae
Pentacerotidae
Percichthyidae
Percidae
Percophidae
Petromyzontidae
Pholidichthyidae
Photichthyidae
Pinguipedidae
Platycephalidae
Platytroctidae
Plesiopidae
Pleuronectidae
(see Paralichthyidae)
Plotosidae
Poeciliidae
Poecilopsettidae
Polymixiidae
Polynemidae
Pomacanthidae
Pomacentridae
Pomatomidae
Priacanthidae
Pristidae
Pristiophoridae
Psettodidae
Pseudocarchariidae
Pseudochromidae
Pseudogrammatidae
Pseudomugilidae
Pseudotriakidae
Psychrolutidae
46
21
24
46
25
38
36
37
32
31
15
15
46
13
30
31
25
14
29
R
Rachycentridae
Rajidae
Regalecidae
Rhinobatidae
Rhinochimaeridae
Rhincodontidae
Rhinoprenidae
Rhinopteridae
Rhombosoleidae
Rhynchobatidae
Rondeletiidae
32
15
26
15
16
14
36
16
46
15
21
S
Salmonidae
Samaridae
Scaridae
Scatophagidae
Schindleriidae
Sciaenidae
Scomberesocidae
Scombridae
Scombrolabracidae
18
46
40
36
42
35
24
45
45
35
36
29
32
40
13
40
19
40
28
19
31
Scopelarchidae
Scorpaenidae
Scorpididae
Scyliorhinidae
Serranidae
Serrivomeridae
Siganidae
Sillaginidae
Soleidae
Solenostomidae
Sparidae
Sphyraenidae
Sphyrnidae
Squalidae
Squatinidae
Stegastomatidae
Stemoptychidae
Stomiidae
Synaphobranchidae
Synbranchidae
Syngnathidae
Synodontidae
21
27
36
14
29
18
45
32
47
26
35
38
14
14
15
13
19
19
17
27
26
20
Terapontidae
Tetraodontidae
Torpedinidae
Toxotidae
Trachichthyidae
Trachipteridae
Triacanthidae
Triacanthodidae
Triakidae
Trichiuridae
Trichonotidae
Triodontidae
Triglidae
Tripterygiidae
31
48
15
35
25
26
47
47
14
45
40
48
28
41
40
16
Uranoscopidae
Urolophidae
V
26
Veliferidae
X
Xenisthmidae
Xiphiidae
44
45
Z
Zanclidae
Zeidae
Zeniontidae
45
26
26