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    Marlabette Manuel
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    amaranthaceae

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    642 views55 pages

    Amaranthaceae

    Uploaded by

    Marlabette Manuel

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 55

    General Characteristics:

    Amaranth Family ( Greek Habit unfading, from the persistent -Usually herbs or suffrutescent shrubs, bracts and perianth) sometimes succulent; usually with concentric consists of annual or perennial, hermaphroditic, dioecious, monoecious, or polygamous herbs, vines, shrubs, or rarely trees.
    rings of vascular bundles

    Stems are sometimes jointed or succulent leaves are simple, spiral or opposite, exstipulate, succulent, alternate or reduced in some taxa infloresence is of solitary flowers or a spike, panicle, cyme, or thryse, with bracts and bracteoles bristle-like and pigmented in some taxa

    Pleuropetalum darwinii

    Showing alternate leaves

    flowers are small, bisexual or unisexual, usually actinomorphic, hypogynous or rarely epihypogynous perianth is uniseriate (usually termed a calyx) stamens have generally the same number as the sepals and antisepalous, distinct or basally connate and forming a tube

    Blutaparon vermicumelare

    Inflorescence

    Flower

    Branch Gynoecium

    Inflorescence Branch Androecium

    Blutaparon vermiculare

    Cyathula achyranthoides

    inflorescence Top two flowers in two levels and uncinate bracts

    Open flower

    Cyathula prostata

    inflorescence

    top with flowers in one layer only and uncinate bracteoles

    Open flower

    Cyathula prostata

    Cyathula achyranthoides

    anthers

    are longitudinal in dehiscence, dithecal or monothecal is unicarpellous or syncarpous, with a superior, rarely half-interior ovary and one locule are one to several

    gynoecium

    style(s)

    Iresine sp.

    placentation is basal ovules are campylotropous or amphitropous, bitegmic nectaries are present in some, typically in annular disc fruit is a nutlet, berry, irregularly dehiscing capsule, or rarely a circumscissile capsule or multiple fruit seeds are mostly starchy-perispermous with curved embryo

    Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Caryophyllales Family: Amaranthaceae

    Species of Amaranthaceae belong to 163 plant genera. 7,717 scientific plant names of species rank for the family Amaranthaceae. Of these 1,825 are accepted species names.

    The status of the 9,607 names (including infraspecific names) for the family Amaranthaceae recorded, are as follows:
    SPECIES NAMES ALL NAMES

    Status Accepted Synonym unplaced unassessed

    Total 1825 3320 320 2252

    % 23.6% 43% 4.10% 29.20%

    Total 2003 4975 322 2307

    % 20.8% 51.8% 3.4% 23.7%

    Celosia argentea

    Aerva javanica

    Achyranthes, Achyropsis, Acnida, Aerva, Allmania, Alternanthera, Amaranthus, Arthraerua, Blutaparon, Bosea, Brayulinea, Calicorema, Celosia, Centema, Centemopsis, Centrostachys, Chamissoa, Charpentiera, Chionothrix, Cyathula, Dasysphaera, Dasysphaera, Deeringia, Digera, Eriostylos, Froelichia, Gomphrena, Gossypianthus, Guilleminea, Hebanthe, Hemichroa (~ Chenopodiaceae), Henonia, Herbstia, Hermbstaedtia, Indobanalia, Irenella, Iresine, Kyphocarpa, Lagrezia, Leucosphaera , Lithophila, Lopriorea, Marcelliopsis, Mechowia, Nelsia, Neocentema, Nothosaerva, Nototrichium, Nyssanthes, Pandiaka, Pfaffia, Philoxerus, Pleuropetalum, Pleuropterantha, Polyrhabda, Pseudogomphrena, Pseudoplantago, Pseudosericocoma, Psilotrichopsis, Psilotrichum, Ptilotus, Pupalia, Quaternella, Rosifax, Saltia, Sericocoma, Sericocomopsis, Sericorema, Sericostachys, Siamosia, Stilbanthus, Tidestromia, Trichuriella, Volkensinia, Woehleria, Xerosiphon.

    Atriplex-

    250 species

    Atriplex canescens

    Atriplex elegans

    Gomphrena serrata

    Gomphrena globosa

    Salsola oppositifolia

    Salsola tragus

    Alternanthera caracasana

    Alternanthera philoxeroides

    Chenopodium capitatum

    Chenopodium polyspermum

    Ptilotus obovatus

    Ptilotus exaltatus

    Suaeda maritima

    Suaeda esteroa

    Iresine herbstii

    Amaranthus caudatus

    Amaranthus tricolor

    Corispermumlepto pterum

    Celosia spicata

    Celosia cristata

    Almost all flowers of most species of Amaranthaceae producenectarand are insectpollinated, except for Genus

    Amaranthus with about 50 species, whose flowers arewind pollinated and do not make nectar.

    largely

    distributed worldwide, members common in some deserts, estuarine or alkaline regions, tropical areas and some temperate regions.

    The

    major threats to Amaranthaceae are habitat degradation and destruction by cattle and feral goats, competition with alien plant species, and a risk of extinction from naturally occurring events like landslides and hurricanes.

    Achyranthes

    Flower) Status: Extinct Avhyranthes mutica(Blunt Chaff Flower) Status: Critically Endangered Pop. trend: stable Achyranthes splendens(Round-leaved Chaff Flower) Status: Vulnerable Pop. trend: decreasing

    atollensis(Hawaii Chaff

    Achyranthes splendens Also known as Maui Chaff Flower

    Achyranthes

    talbotii Status: Vulnerable Pop. trend: decreasing Aerva microphylla Status: Least Concern Pop. trend: unknown Aerva revoluta Status: Least Concern Pop. trend: unknown

    Aerva revoluta

    Alternanthera areschougii Status: Vulnerable Alternanthera corymbiformis Status: Vulnerable Alternanthera filifolia Status: Lower Risk/least concern Alternanthera flavicoma Status: Vulnerable Alternanthera galapagensis Status: Vulnerable Alternanthera grandis Status: Vulnerable

    Alternanthera filifolia

    Alternanthera

    helleri Status: Vulnerable Alternanthera nesiotes Status: Endangered Alternanthera snodgrassii Status: Vulnerable Brown's Pigweed Amaranthus anderssoni Status: Data Deficient Amaranthus brownii (Brown's Pigweed) Status: Critically Endangered Pop. trend: unknown

    Amaranthus furcatus Status: Data Deficient Amaranthus sclerantoides Status: Lower Risk/least concern Blutaparon rigidum Status: Extinct Cyathula fernando-poensis Status: Vulnerable Froelichia juncea Status: Vulnerable Froelichia nudicaulis Status: Vulnerable Irenella chrysotricha Status: Endangered Froelichia juncea

    Iresine pedicellata Status: Vulnerable Lithophila radicata Status: Lower Risk/near threatened Lithophila subscaposa Status: Vulnerable Pleuropetalum darwinii Status: Vulnerable Psilotrichum aphyllum Status: Endangered Psilotrichum axilliflorum Status: Vulnerable

    Alternanthera tenella, joy weed

    Amaranthus spinosus, spiny amaranth.

    Celosia argentea, cockscomb.

    Charpentiera tomentosa, papala.

    The

    leaves and/ or roots of a few species, such as Beta vulgaris (beet, Swiss chard), Chenopodium spp. ( lambs quarters, goosefoot), and Amaranthus spp. (pigweed) are eaten.

    Beta vulgaris ( Beet, Swiss chard)

    Spinaceae oleracea ( spinach )

    Amaranthus spp. Chenopodium sp.

    The

    seeds of several South American species of Chenopodium and Amaranthus are used to make flour. family includes a few ornamentals, including Celosia (cockscomb), Gomphrena (globe Amaranth), and Iresine (bloodleaf).

    The

    Celosia sp. (cockscomb)

    Gomphrena sp. (Globe amaranth)

    Ex Situ :
    Amaranthaceae

    has

    been

    successfully

    propagated at the National Tropical Botanic Gardens where, in 1997, more than hundreds of seeds were in storage and about plants were in cultivation.

    In situ A fence constructed by one landowner proved successful in protecting one plant from grazing cattle in an a certain area. The construction of additional exclosures is recommended to reduce the impact from domestic cattle and feral goats. Removal of cattle to locations away from the preferred habitat of the Amaranthaceae is recommended, as are various methods of feral goat/cattle removal.

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