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- 1. Brassicaceae Cruciferae ( The mustard family ) Classification: Class : Dicotyledons (two cootyledons) Sub class : polypetalae ( Free petals) Series : Thalmiflorae ( superior ovary) Order : parietales ( paritalplacentation) Family : Brassicaceae = cruciferae Sheetal Roll no. 202128 Bec medical 2nd year
- 2. Distribution : • 375 genera and 3200 species widely distributed but most abundant in temperate and cold part of world. • Common plants : • Brassica. Compestris ( Mustard)
- 3. • Brassica. Iberia amare (Rai) • Brassica oleracea (Cabbage, bandgobi, cauliflower) • Brassica rapa (Turnip , slugam) • Brassica nigra ( black mustard) • Capsella ornamental Plant
- 4. Vegitative Characters: • Habit : herb or Annual and shurb or biennial plants . They are cultivated for ornamental economic purposes. • Root : Tap Root , swollen on account of stored food materials. It may be conical in Radish or fusiform in Turnip or shalgum. • Stem : Herbaceous,erect, cylindrical. rarely woody and reduced ( Radish or Turnip) • Leaves : Alternate , sub-opposite , usually covered with hairs,Exstipulate ( means stipule absent ).
- 5. Radish Turnip( shulgam) Leaves of mustard plant
- 6. Floral Characters: • Inflorescence: Raceme. In Brassica campestris have corymbose raceme in Brassicaceae Iberia amara have corymb. • Flower : . Ebracteate . Pedicellate . Complete . Bisexual . Actinomorphic rarely zygomorphic in some species( iberis). . Tetramerous , cyclic . Hypogynous. ActinomorphicFlower (radial symmetry) Zygomorphic flower (bilateral symmetry)
- 7. Raceme inflorescence with elongated axis which carrying pedicellate flower ( Pedicels of equal length) Corymb: with elongated axis carrying pedicellate flower ( pedicels of differentlength) in Iberis Eg. Mustard Raceme
- 8. • Calyx (K) : . 4 sepals arranged in two whorals of 2 each . Polysepalous (free sepals) . 2 Anterior – posterior , 2 lateral sepals . Green and calyx inferior ( calyx is prst. Below the superior ovary) • Corolla (C) : . 4 petals . Polypetalous ( free petals) . Cruciform ( petals arranged in the form of cross known as cruciform ) . Size equal rarely unequal or irregular ( Iberis)
- 9. 4 sepals ( 2 Anterior – posterior, 2 lateral 4 petals ( cruciform:crossshaped arrangement)
- 10. • Androecium (A): . 6 stamens arranged in two whorals (2+4) outer 2 stamens are short and inner four stamens are long . . Polyandrous . Tetradynamous . Anther bithecous . 4 dot like nectaries prst. At the base of outer and inner paired Stamens . Basifixed , inferior Gynoecium (G): • Bicarpellary rarely tricarpellary . Ovary superIor . Syncarpous ( fused carpels) . Parietal placentation
- 11. Tetradynamous condition 6 stamensare arranged in two whorals (2+4) Outer two stamens are short and inner four are Long.
- 12. . Unilocular ( one locule) Become bilocular due to development of false septum called Replum . Ovules many , style short , stigma simple , bifid • Fruit : . Siliqua or silicula • Seed : . Small , non Endospermic • General Floral Formula :
- 13. • Important Genera of Brassicaceae: • Brassica Campestris (Mustard): • Habit: Annual • Root: Tap root , branched • stem: Herbaceous above, below woody, erect, Cylindrical, branches slightly hairy • Leaf: Alternate, Exstipulate, sessile • Inflorescence: Corymbose Receme • Flower: Ebracteate, bisexual, actinomorphic, . Regular,cyclic, hypogynous, bimerou • Calyx: 4 sepals , polysepalous, arranged in two whorals of 2 each , green or. yellow , inferior
- 14. • Corolla: 4 petals , polypetalous, cruciform ( cross arrangement), Valvate , yellow , inferior • Androecium: 6 stamens, polyandrous , Basifixed, Tetradynamous arrangement in two whorals Outer whorl : 2 short stamens Inner whorl : 4 long stamens • Gynoecium: Bicarpellary, syncarpous, superior ovary , long , cylindrical, unilocular become bilocular due to replum
- 16. • Floral Flormula: ( sign x after c indicates that the petals are diagonally placed
- 17. Economic Importance of Brassicaceae: • Vegitable yielding plants: Raphanus sativa (Raddiah), Brassica rapa (Turnip), stem of B. cauloropa (var Gyanth gobi) and leaves and stem of B. oleraceae var capitalsa ( cabbage), B. Juncea (ryosag), Inflorescence of B. oleraceae (cauliflower) are used as vegitables.
- 18. • Fatty oil yieldingplants: Brassica compestris(mustard), B. rapa (Turnip) , B. napus (tori) etc used for extraction of the oils • spices: B.nigra (black mustard), B. hista (white mustard), B. Juncea(Indian mustard) are used as spices. • Medical Plant : . Seedsof Iberia amara (candytuft), Rarnippa indica are use in Asthma The flower of Cheiranthuscheiri are used to cure for curing branchitis fever, eyes injuries.
- 19. • Ornamental plants: some species are used as ornamental plant in gardens: These are Iberis amara Cheiranthus Arabis Hesperis Lunaria Mathiola lucana etc.
- 20. • Reference: • https://www.slideshare.net.com • https://www.Powershow.com • https://www.britannica.com • https://biologyboom.com • https://Google.com
- 21. Thankyou