Bibliography of the Characeae - International Research Group on ...

<strong>Bibliography</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> 

vers. X 2008 

Joop van Raam 

ABBINK-MEIJERINK, C.G. & EYSINK, F.T.W., 1999. Een nieuw kranswier voor Nederland duikt 

op in Twents natuurherstelproject: Nitella gracilis (Smith) Agardh (Sierlijk glanswier). (Nitella gracilis 

(Smith) Agardh appears in <strong>the</strong> east <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands). Gorteria 25: 26-28, 1 fig. (distribution map). 

[Dutch, english summary] [C. globularis, C. vulgaris, N. gracilis, N. mucronata, N. translucens]. 

ABBINK-MEIJERINK, C.G., BRUINSMA, J.H.P. & ODÉ, B., 2001. Recente vondsten van 

Callitriche palustris L. (Klein sterrenkroos) in Nederland. (Recent records <strong>of</strong> Callitriche palustris L. in 

<strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands). Gorteria 27: 12-16, 3 figs. (1 distribution map). [Dutch, english summary] [C. 

vulgaris] 

ABBOTT, L., 1894. The ossiferous fissures in <strong>the</strong> valley <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Shode, near Ightham, Kent. Quarterly 

Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Geological Society 50: 171-178. 

ABDELMALIK, W.E.Y., EL-SHIANVY, R.M.K., ISHAK, M.M. & MAHMOUD, K.A., 1973. 

Uptake <strong>of</strong> radionuclides by some aquatic macrophytes <strong>of</strong> Ismailia Canal, Egypt. Hydrobiologia 42: 3- 

12. 

ABEYWICKRAMA, B.A., 1979. The genera <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> freshwater algae <strong>of</strong> Sri Lanka, part 1. Unesco Man 

and <strong>the</strong> Biosphere, National Committee for Sri Lanka, Publication no. 6. Colombo. 103 pp., 12 pl. 

[Charophyceae pp. 86-90 & pl. X: N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. leptodactyla, N. oligospira, N. furcata, N. 

mucronata, N. microcarpa, N. acuminata, C. corallina, C. fibrosa, C. hydropitys, C. zeylanica] 

ABOABA, F.O., .. Management <strong>of</strong> aquatic vegetation. World Crops 25: 21-24. 

ABOAL, M. & LLIMONA, X., 1984a. Aportación al estudio algológico del sistema de Sierras de 

Ponce y Quiper (N.O. de Murcia, S.E. de España). Anales de Biologie 2: 1-17. [C. gymnophylla, C. 

hispida, C. vulgaris, N. tenuissima, Tol. glomerata] 

ABOAL, M. & LLIMONA, X., 1984b. Aportación al conocimiento de la flora algal del rio Mula, 

Cuenca de Segura, Murcia, S.E. de España. Limnética 1: 141-147. [C. hispida, C. vulgaris, N. 

tenuissima] 

ABOAL, M. & LLIMONA, X., 1985. Aportación al conocimento de las algas del SE de España. I. 

Caráceas (<strong>Characeae</strong>). Anales de Biologie 6: 7-17, 4 figs. (8 distribution maps). [12 Chara, 2 Nitella, 2 

Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum] 

ABOAL, M. & LLIMONA, X., 1986. Flora algal de la rambla del Tinajóm (rio Segura), Murcia, S.E. 

de España. Limnética 2: 103-108. [C. baltica, C. galioides, C. hispida, C. polyacantha, C. vulgaris] 

ABOAL, M., 1986. Aportación al conocimiento de las algas del SE de España. I. Caraceas 

(<strong>Characeae</strong>). Anales de Biologie 6: 7-17. 

ABOAL, M., 1989. Flora algal del rio Benamor (Cuenca del Segura, S.E. de España). Limnética 5: 1- 

11. [C. delicatula, C. globularis, C. hispida, C. vulgaris, N. tenuissima, Tol. glomerata] 

ABOAL, M., 1996. Comunidades fitobentónicas del Parque Nacional de las Tablas de Daimiel. In: M. 

Álvarez-Cobelas & S. Cirujano (eds.) - Las Tablas de Daimiel. Ecologia acuática y sociedad. C.S.I.C. 

[C. canescens, C. hispida, C. vulgaris] 

ABRAHAM, F., 2006. Stoneworts – Charophyta. Adasta 2005. A review <strong>of</strong> wildlife recording in East 

& West Sussex in 2005. Sussex biodiversity record centre. Henfield. p. 13. [C. hispida, N. syncarpa] 

ABROL, D. & BHATNAGAR, S.K., 2006. Biodiversity <strong>of</strong> four Indian charophyte taxa based on 

molecular characterization and construction <strong>of</strong> phylogenetic tree. African Journal <strong>of</strong> Biotechnology 5: 

1511-1518, 2 figs. 

ABROMEIT, J., 1885. Berichtigung des Sanio'schen Aufsatzes über die Zahlenverhältnisse der Flora 

Preussens. Schriften der physikalisch-ökonomischen Gesellschaft zu Königsberg 25: 135-139. [6 

Nitella, 2 Tolypella, 11 Chara species, Lychn. barbatus, Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera)]. 

ABROMEIT, J., 1888. Bericht über die botanische Untersuchung des Kreises Ortelsburg. Schriften 

der physikalisch-ökonomischen Gesellschaft zu Königsberg 28:49-57. [C. tomentosa (as ceratophylla), 

C. hispida] 

ABROMEIT, J., 1889. Bericht über die botanische Untersuchung der Gewässer des Kreises Schlochau 

durch Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Caspary, nach dessen handschriftlichen Aufzeichnungen. Schriften der physikalischökonomischen 

Gesellschaft zu Königsberg 29: 86-93. [C. aspera, C. tomentosa (as ceratophylla), C. 

delicatula, C. hispida, C. intermedia, C. jubata, Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera)]. 

ABROMEIT, J., 1891. Systematische Zusammenstellung der wichtigeren Funde von neuen Standorten. 

Schriften der physikalisch-ökonomischen Gesellschaft zu Königsberg 31: 18-33. [N. flexilis, C. 

fragilis].

ABROMEIT, J., 1895. Systematische Verzeichnis der im Sommer 1893 gesammelten 

bemerkenswerten Pflanzen. Schriften der physikalisch-ökonomischen Gesellschaft zu Königsberg 35: 

54-62. [C. fragilis] 

ABROMEIT, J., 1900b. Bericht über die 38. Jahresversammlung des Preussischen Botanischen 

Vereins in Sensburg am 7. Oktober 1899. Schriften der physikalisch-ökonomischen Gesellschaft zu 

Königsberg 41: 1-70. [<strong>Characeae</strong> p. 69: C. tomentosa (as ceratophylla), C. fragilis] 

ABROSOV, V.N., 1959. (On <strong>the</strong> importance <strong>of</strong> beds <strong>of</strong> Charales algae in <strong>the</strong> life <strong>of</strong> lakes). Bot. zhurn. 

44: 684-687. [Russian] 

ACLETO, C.O., ZUÑIGA, R.A., MONTOYA, H.T., MORON, S.O., SAMAMEZ, I.V. & TAVARA, 

C.H., 1978. Algas continentales del Peru 1. Bibliografia y lista de generos y especies. Universidad 

Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de Historia Natural "Javier Pràdo", Departemento de Botanico, 

Lima. Serie de Divulgacion no. 9. 147 pp. [<strong>Bibliography</strong> and specimens in <strong>the</strong> herbarium at Lima 

(USM)] [Charophyceae p. 53-54: C. contraria, C. denudata, C. globularis, C. hornemannii, C. 

papillosa, C. rusbyana, C. vulgaris, C. zeylanica, N. clavata]. 

ACOSTA, L.W., SABBATINI, M.R., HERNANDEZ, L.F. & FERNANDEZ, O.A., 1998. 

Regeneration <strong>of</strong> reproductive structures <strong>of</strong> Potamogeton pectinatus, Ruppia maritima, Zannichellia 

palustris and Chara contraria. Effect <strong>of</strong> temperature. Phyton, <strong>International</strong> Journal <strong>of</strong> Experimental 

Botany 63: 167-168. [C. contraria] 

ACOSTA, L.W.,SABBATINI, M.R., FERNANDEZ, O.A. & BURGOS, M.A., 1999. Propagule bank 

and plant emergence <strong>of</strong> macrophytes in artificial channels <strong>of</strong> a temperate irrigation area in Argentina. 

Hydrobiologia 415: 1-5. [C. contraria] 

ADAMS, K.J., 1997. The stoneworts <strong>of</strong> Essex, an interim account. The Essex Naturalist 14: 115-142. 

ADAMS, M.S. & McCRACKEN, M.D., 1974. Seasonal production <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Myriophyllum component 

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> littoral <strong>of</strong> Lake Wingra, Wisconsin. Journal <strong>of</strong> Ecology 62: 457-465. 

ADANSON, M., 1763. Famille des plantes. II. Partie. Vincent, Paris. 24 + 640 pp. [Chara p. 472, 537] 

ADHIKARY, S.P. & SAHU, J.K., 1992. Distribution and seasonal abundance <strong>of</strong> algal forms in Chilika 

lake, east coast <strong>of</strong> India. Jpn. Limnol. 53: 197-205. 

ADLER, W., OSWALD, K. & FISCHER, R., 1994. Exkursionsflora von Österreich. Ulmer, Stuttgart - 

Wien. 1180 pp., 510 figs. 

ADROVER, R., FEIST, M., GINSBURG, L., GUERIN, C., HUGUENEY, M., & MOISSONET, E., 

1983. Les formations continentales paléogènes de la Sierra Palomera (Province de Teruel, Espagne) et 

leur place dans la biostratigraphie tertiaire des chaînes ibériques orientales. Bulletin de la Société 

Géologique de France 25: 421-431. [Paleobotany] 

ADROVER, R., FEIST, M., HUGUENEY, M., MEIN, P., & MOISSONET, E., 1982. L'âge et la mise 

en relief de la formation détritique culminante de la Sierra Pelarda (Province de Teruel, Espagne). 

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris 295: 231-236. [Paleobotany] 

AGARDH, C.A., ..... Über die Anatomie und den Kreislauf der Charen. Nova Acta Phys. Med. Acad. 

Ceas. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. 13(1): 

AGARDH, C.A., 1824. Systema algarum. Literis Berlingianis, Lundae. XXXVIII + 312 pp. Reprint 

1965: A. Asher, Amstelodami. [pp. XXVII-XXVIII: N. pedunculata, C. Galioides, C. firma, C. 

collabens, C. pilifera, C. fallax; pp. 123-130: N. corallina, N. furcata, N. translucens, N. flexilis, N. 

opaca, N. nidifica, N. intricata, N. gracilis, N. capitata, N. hyalina, N. batrachosperma, C. crinita, C. 

compressa, C. squamosa, C. baltica, C. cerotophylla, C. tomentosa, C. hispida, C. foliosa, C. Zeylanica, 

C. vulgaris, C. Hedwigii, C. fibrosa, C. pulchella, C. setosa, C. delicatula, C. aspera] 

AGARDH, C.A., 1825. Observations sur le genre Chara. Annales des Sciences Naturelles 4: 61-66. 

AGARKAR, D.S., 1963. Systematic studies <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> charophytes <strong>of</strong> Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. The 

Vikram 7: 43-51, 20 figs. [Key] [C. corallina (australis?), C. braunii, C. flaccida, C. gymnopitus, C. 

vulgaris, C. vandalurensis, C. zeylanica, C. fragilis, C. brachypus] 

AGARKAR, D.S., 1967. A note on Chara vandalurensis Sundaralingam from Gwalior (M.P.). Science 

& Culture 33(2): 59-60, 2 figs. [C. vandalurensis] 

AGHARKAR, S.P. & KUNDU, B.C., 1937. Charophyta <strong>of</strong> Bengal. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Department <strong>of</strong> 

Science, Calcutta University, N.S. 1: 1-23, pl. 1-9. [Key] [8 Nitella, 10 Chara species, Lychn. 

barbatus]. 

AGRAWAL, S.B. & CHAUDHARY, B.R., 1999. Nuclear cytology <strong>of</strong> algae – A promising adjunct to 

taxonomy. In: VYDYAVATI & A.K. MAHATO (eds.) - Recent trends in algal taxonomy. Vol. I. 

Taxonomical issues. pp. 21-50. APC Publications, New Delhi. X + 301pp., figs. 

AHL, T., 1966. Chemical conditions in Ösbysjön, Djursholm. Oikos 17: 33-61. 

AHMED, S. & SINHA, J.P., 1973. Chromosome numbers in some taxa <strong>of</strong> Chara. Proc. Indian Sci. 

Congr. Ass. 60: 302.

ÅHRÉN, T. & GRIMÅS, U., 1965. The composition <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bottomfauna in two basins <strong>of</strong> lake 

Mälaren. Report <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Institute <strong>of</strong> Freshwater <strong>Research</strong> Drottningholm 46: 49-57. 

AISHA, K. & SHAMEEL, M., 1995. Some freshwater green algae near Balochistan coast <strong>of</strong> Pakistan. 

Pakistan Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 27: 41-48, 5 figs. [C. vulgaris] 

AITCHISON, J.E.T., 1888. The botany <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Afghan delimination commission. Transactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Linnean Society <strong>of</strong> London, 2nd Ser. Botany 3: 1-139, 2 maps, 48 pl. [<strong>Characeae</strong> p. 128: C. foetida] 

ALCOBER, J.A., IBARS, A., MANSANET, J., MATEU, I. & PUCHE, M.F., 1979. Marsilea 

aegyptica Willd. nueva cita para España. Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 36: 55-59, 2 figs. (1 

map). [C. foetida] 

ALEEM, A.A. & SCHULZ, E., 1952. Über Zonierung von Algengemeinschaften (Ökologische 

Untersuchen im Nord-Ostsee-Kanal). Kieler Meeresforschungen 9: 70-76. 

ALEXOPOULOS, C.J. & BOLD, H.C., 1967. Algae and Fungi. The Macmillan Company, New York. 

AL-KHAISI, K.A., 1970. Introductory studies on <strong>the</strong> algae <strong>of</strong> mid and south Iraq. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

College <strong>of</strong> Science (Baghdad) 11: 45-80. 

ALLANSON, B.R., 1973. The fine structure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> periphyton <strong>of</strong> Chara sp. and Potamogeton natans 

from Wytham Pond, Oxford and its significance tot <strong>the</strong> macrophyte-periphyton metabolic model <strong>of</strong> 

R.G. Wetzel and H.L. Allen. Freshwater Biology 3: 535-542, 6 pl. 

ALLAUD, C., 1923. Rapport à Monsieur le Directeur Général des Services de la Santé du Maroc sur 

une mission antipaludique. Bull. Soc. App. Entomol. 1923. [C. connivens] 

ALLEN, E.D. & SPENCE, D.H.N., 1981. The differential ability <strong>of</strong> aquatic plants to utilize <strong>the</strong> 

inorganic carbon supply in fresh water. New Phytologist 87: 269-283. 

ALLEN, G.O. & HERTER, W.G., 1934. Charales Uruguayensis. Revista Sudamericana de Botanica 1: 

87-91, 1 fig.. [Nitella 7, Tolypella 1, Chara 3 species] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1925. Notes on Charophytes from Gonda, U.P. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Bombay Natural History 

Society 30: 589-599, 5 pl. [5 Nitella, 8 Chara species, Tol. prolifera, Lychn. barbatus] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1928. Charophyte notes from Saharanpur, U.P. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Indian Botanical Society 

7: 49-69, 13 figs., 6 pl. [11 Nitella, 11 Chara species, Tol. prolifera, Lychn. barbatus] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1933. Charophyte notes from Agra, U.P. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Indian Botanical Society 12: 

17-19, 1 pl. [C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. contraria, C. vulgaris, N. hyalina]. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1936. Charophyte notes from Bareilly. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Indian Botanical Society 15: 51- 

54, 1 fig. [N. stuartii, N. mirabilis, N. dispersa, C. fragilis, C. braunii, C. vulgaris, C. contraria, C. 

corallina, C. wallichii, Tol. prolifera]. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1937. Note on <strong>the</strong> outer covering <strong>of</strong> Charophyte fruits. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and 

Foreign 75: 153-155. [Lamp. papulosum, N. Arachavaletae, N. opaca, N. flexilis, N. tenuissima]. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1938a. Notes on British Charophytes. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 76: 48-50. 

[N. opaca, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, Tol. glomerata, C. braunii, C. contraria, C. aculeolata, C. delicatula]. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1938b. The charophyte collecting tours <strong>of</strong> Thomas Bates Blow. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, 

British and Foreign 76: 295-298. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1939. Charophyta. In: W.K. Martin & G.F. Fraser - Flora <strong>of</strong> Devon. Phanerogams, 

Vascular Cryptogams, Charophyta. pp. 757-760. T. Buncle & Co., Arbroath. XV & 787 pp., 2 maps, 8 

pl. [C. delicatula, C. globularis, C. connivens, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. hispida, C. vulgaris, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata, N. translucens, N. flexilis, N. opaca] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1940. Charophyta. In: T.G. Tutin - The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to Lake Titicaca 

in 1937. pp. 155-160, 4 figs. Transactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society London, ser. 3, 1. [Chara poopoensis 

n. spec., N. clavata, C. contraria, C. denudata, C. papillosa, C. globularis, C. vulgaris, C. baltica] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1942. On <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> some Indian Charophytes. 150th Anniversary Volume 

Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, no. 2. pp. 183-189. [list <strong>Characeae</strong> taxa from India as mentioned by 

Braun, Groves & T.F. Allen] [correction sheet seperately published]. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1950a. British stoneworts (Charophyta). The Haslemere Natural History Society - T. 

Bungle & Co., Arbroath. 52 pp., 18 figs. [Key] [10 Nitella, 17 Chara, 4 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis 

obtusa, Lamp. papulosum]. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1950b. Nitella mucronata Mig. var. gracillima Gr. & B.-W. in Warwickshire. Watsonia 

1: 364-365, 1 fig.. [N. mucronata] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1951a. Four days Charophyte collecting in <strong>the</strong> Ely district. Watsonia 2: 10-11. [C. 

vulgaris, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. globularis, C. aculeolata, C. delicatula, C. contraria, N. tenuissima] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1951b. Notes on Charophytes from British Columbia. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean 

Society London 162: 148-152. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1951c. Nitella tenuissima Kütz. Watsonia 2: 110. [N. tenuissima, C. desmacantha]

ALLEN, G.O., 1952. Plant records for <strong>the</strong> year 1950. Charophyta. Watsonia 2: 212. [N. opaca, N. 

flexilis, N. translucens, N. mucronata, N. tenuissima, C. vulgaris, C. rudis, C. contraria, C. aculeolata, 

C. desmacantha, C. delicatula] 

ALLEN, G.O., 1953. Typification <strong>of</strong> Nitella pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata. Annals and Magazine <strong>of</strong> Natural 

History, ser. 12, 6: 606-608. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1954. An annotated key to <strong>the</strong> Nitellae <strong>of</strong> North America. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey 

Botanical Club 81: 35-60. [Key] [34 Nitella, 8 Tolypella species]. 

ALLEN, G.O., 1961. Charophyte notes from Benares, U.P., India. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Indian Botanical 

Society 40: 234-242, 1 fig., pl. 7. [Nitella saharanpurensis n. spec., 16 Nitella, 13 Chara species] 

ALLEN, H.L., 1971. Primary productivity, chemo-organotrophy and nutritional interactions <strong>of</strong> 

epiphytic Algae and Bacteria on macrophytes in <strong>the</strong> littoral <strong>of</strong> a lake. Ecological Monographs 41: 97- 

127, 33 figs. (1 map). 

ALLEN, N.S. & ALLEN, R.D., 1972. Endoplasmatic filaments and rotational streaming in Nitella. 

Journal <strong>of</strong> Cell Biology 55: 2A. 

ALLEN, N.S., 1974. Endoplasmic filaments generate <strong>the</strong> motive force for rotational streaming in 

Nitella. Journal <strong>of</strong> Cell Biology 63: 270-287. 

ALLEN, T.F., 1871. <strong>Characeae</strong>. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 2: 9-10. [9 Nitella, 5 Chara 

species] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1879a. <strong>Characeae</strong> Americanae. Illustrated and described. Part I. T.F. Allen, New York. 

Title, 1 p., pl. I & announcement),. [plate also as pl. I in T.F. Allen 1880a] [C. zeylanica (as 

gymnopus)] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1879b. <strong>Characeae</strong> Americanae. Illustrated and described. Part II. T.F. Allen, New York. 

Title, 1 p., pl. II & announcement. [plate also as pl. II in T.F. Allen 1880a] [C. canescens (as crinita)] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1880a. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> America. Part 1. S.E. Cassino, Boston. Title, pp. 1-3 & 5-8, 

pl. I-III. [pl. I same as T.F. Allen 1879a, pl. II same as T.F. Allen 1879b] [ C. zeylanica (as gymnopus), 

C. canescens (as crinita), N. tenuissima (text only), C. braunii (as coronata)] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1880b. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> America. Part 2. S.E. Cassino, Boston. Title, pp. 9-14, pl. IV- 

VI. [N. flexilis, N. tenuissima] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1880c. Similarity between <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> America and Asia. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey 

Botanical Club 7: 105-107. [Chara curtissii n. spec., 12 Chara, 2 Nitella species] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1882a. Development <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> cortex in Chara. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 9: 37- 

47, pl. 15-22. [Chara inconnexa n. spec., Chara excelsa n. spec., C. canescens (as crinita), C. altaica, C. 

aspera, C. fragilis, C. evoluta, C. delicatula] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1882b. Observations on some American forms <strong>of</strong> Chara coronata. American Naturalist 

16: 358-369, pl. 4 fig. 1,2,4-10. (reprinted paged 1-12). [C. braunii (as C. coronata)] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1883a. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: C.S. Mat<strong>the</strong>w - Lacustrine formation <strong>of</strong> Torryburn Valley, with 

Dr. T.F. Allen's notes on <strong>Characeae</strong>. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Natural History Society <strong>of</strong> New Brunswick 2: 3- 

20, 20 figs. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 14-15] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1883b. Notes on American species <strong>of</strong> Tolypella. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 

10: 109-117, pl. 37-42. [Key] [11 species <strong>of</strong> Tolypella] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1885. <strong>Characeae</strong>. New York State Museum <strong>of</strong> Natural History 38th Annual Report 16: 

16, 83-84. 

ALLEN, T.F., 1887. Some notes on <strong>Characeae</strong>. A new Nitella from <strong>the</strong> Feejee Islands. p. 211, pl. 71. 

A new species <strong>of</strong> Tolypella. pp. 212-213, pl. 72-73. Chara succincta A. Br. (or a closely allied species). 

pp. 213-214, pl. 74. A new Nitella from Nantucket. pp. 214-215, pl. 75. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey 

Botanical Club 14:211-215, pl. 71-75. [Nitella muthnatae n. spec. (on pl. 71 as Chara muthnatae), 

Nitella morongii n. spec., Tolypella macounii n. spec. (is Nitella macounii, see: T.F. Allen, 1888a), C. 

succincta, C. aspera, C. contraria] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1888a. Nitella (not Tolypella) Macounii. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 15: 11. 

[N. macounii, N. stuartii] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1888b. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> America. Part I. Containing <strong>the</strong> introduction, morphology and 

classification. T.F. Allen, New York. 64 pp., 54 figs., 1 pl. [Key] [72 Nitella, 13 Tolypella, 55 Chara 

species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Lychn. stelliger), Lychn. barbatus, Lamp. macropogon (as 

Lychnothamnus), Lamp. papulosum (as alopecuroides)] 

ALLEN, T.F., 1889. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: N.L. Britton - Catalogue <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plants found in New Jersey. 

Geological Survey <strong>of</strong> New Jersey, Final Report St. Geol. 2: 356-357. 

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BICUDO, C.E.M. & MARTAU, L., 1974. Catálogo dos algas de ãguas continentais do Estado de Rio 

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BICUDO, C.E.M. & MENEZEZ, M., 2006. Géneros de algas de águas continentais de Brasil (chave 

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BICUDO, R.M.T. & BICUDO, C.E.M., 1970. Index to <strong>the</strong> Brazilian cryptogamic litterature: an 

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BICUDO, R.M.T., 1968b. Index to <strong>the</strong> Brazilian cryptogamic literature. 1- A bibliography <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

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BICUDO, R.M.T., 1979. Chara vitalii a new species <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> from south-eastern Brazil 

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incoporation in <strong>the</strong> an<strong>the</strong>ridial filaments <strong>of</strong> Chara vulgaris L. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 48: 

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Burma, 1936. Health Bulletin 24, Malaria Bureau No. 11. Calcutta. XIII + 140 pp., 4 photo's, 1 fig., 

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115-120: N. capitata, N. opaca, N. flexilis, N. translucens, N. mucronata, N. gracilis, N. hyalina, Tol. 

intricata, Lychn. stelliger, Lych. barbatus, C. coronata, C. crinita, C. dissoluta, C. ceratophylla, C. 

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remarks on its specific epi<strong>the</strong>t. Botaniska Notiser 1947: 157-170. 

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384. [C. rudis, C. contraria] 

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Notiser 1947: 384. 

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being <strong>the</strong> report <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> conference held in 1950 by <strong>the</strong> Botanical Society <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> British Isles. pp. 96- 

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BLANCO, M., 1837. Flora de Filipinas segun el sistema sexual de Linneo. D. Candido Lopez, Manila. 

LXXVIII + 887 pp. [pp. 843-844: Conferva littoralis (is? C. zeylanica see: E.D. Merrill, 1918)] 

BLANCO, M., 1845. Flora de Filipinas segun el sistema sexual de Linneo. ed. 2. D. Miguel Sanchez, 

Manila. LIX + 619 pp. [pp. 582-583: Conferva littoralis (is? C. zeylanica see: E.D. Merrill, 1918))] 

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441-444. 

BLATT, F.J., 1974. Temperature dependence <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> action potential in Nitella flexilis. Biochimica 

Biophysica Acta 329: 382-389, 3 figs. 

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BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1983a. Lychnothamnus (Rupr.) V.Leonh.. (<strong>Characeae</strong>) a new 

genus to <strong>the</strong> flora <strong>of</strong> Yugoslavia. Acta Botanica Croatica 42: 95-101, 3 figs. (1 map, 1 distribution 

map). [C. hispida, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1983b. Fitocenoloska studija zajednica Charetum fragilis 

Corillion 1957 i Chareto-Nitellopsidetum obtusae J. Blaz. ass. nova kod Plvnice, na Skadarskom 

jezeru. (Phytocenological study <strong>of</strong> community Charetum fragilis Corillion 1957 and Chareto- 

Nitellopsidetum obtusae J.Blaz. ass. nova at Plavnica , on Lake Skadar). Glasnik Republ. Zadova Zast. 

Prirode - Prirodnjackog Muzeja Titograd 16: 7-13, 1 fig. [Servo-croatian, english summary] [C. 

fragilis, C. vulgaris, C. tenuispina, C. rudis, C. kokeilii, C. connivens, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. opaca, N. 

gracilis, N. capillaris, N. syncarpa, N. batrachosperma, Tol. prolifera, Tol. glomerata]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1983c. Prilog poznavanju Charophyta Skadarskog jezera. 

(Contribution to <strong>the</strong> knowledge <strong>of</strong> Charophyta <strong>of</strong> Lake Skadar). Crnogoska akademija nauka i 

umjetnosti, Naucni skupovi 9: 259-264. [Servo-croatian, english summary] [N. opaca, N. gracilis, N. 

capillaris, C. fragilis, C. kokeilii, C. vulgaris, C. rudis, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. prolifera]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1986. Flora i vegetacija algi razdela Charophyta u planinskim 

jezerima Crne Gore. I. Prsljencice (Charophyta) u jezerima Prokletija i Visitora. (Flora and vegetation 

<strong>of</strong> algae <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> division Charophyta in mountain lakes <strong>of</strong> Montenegro. I. Stoneworts (Charophyta) in 

<strong>the</strong> lakes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> mountains Prokletije and Visitor). Crnogoska akademija nauka i umjetnosti, Glasnik 

odjeljenja prirodnih nauka 5: 187-203, 5 figs. (2 maps, 2 distribution maps). [Servo-croatian, english 

summary] [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. delicatula, C. vulgaris, C. globularis, N. opaca]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1988. Floristicko-horološka algi razdela Charophyta u Bosni i 

Hercegovini. (The floristic-chorological analysis <strong>of</strong> algae belonging to <strong>the</strong> division Charophyta in 

Bosnia and Herzegovina). Zemaljski Muzej Bosne i Hercegovine. Zbornik referata naucnog skupa 

„Minerali, stijene, izummrli i zivi svijet BiH“. Sarajevo. pp. 223-233, 2 distribution maps. [Servocroatian, 

english summary] [N. syncarpa, N. opaca, N. flexilis, C. contraria, C. strigosa, C. 

gymnophylla, C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. delicatula].

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1989. Makr<strong>of</strong>itska flora i vegetacija Plavskog jezera i 

Martinovickog blata. (Macrophytic flora and vegetation <strong>of</strong> Plavsko lake and Martinovicko Mud). 

CANU, Glasnik odeljenja prirodnih nauka 7: 25-43, 1 fig. (distribution map). [servo-croatian, english 

summary] [N. opaca in Nitelletum opacae, C. contraria in Charetum contrariae, C. aspera, C. fragilis, 

C. vulgaris] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1990. Alge razdela Charophyta u vodenim ekosistemima 

nacionalnog parka "Krka" i njegove blize okoline. (Algae Charophyta in water ecosystems <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

national park "Krka" and its nearby). In: M. Kerovec (ed.) - Nacionalni park Krka. Zborni kradova sa 

simpozija: "NP Krka - stanje istrazenosti i problemi zastite ekosistema". pp. 283-294, 3 figs. (1 

distribution map). Ekoloske Monografije 2. Hrvatsko Ekolosko Drustvo, Zagreb. [Servo-croatian, 

english summary] [C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. aculeolata, Lamp. papulosum]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1991. Makr<strong>of</strong>ite Vlasinskog jezera. (Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> Vlasina 

lake). Glasnik Prirodnjackog muzeja u Beogradu, B 46: 71-85, 2 figs. (1 distribution map). [servocroatian, 

english summary] [N. opaca, N. gracilis, C. delicatula, C. braunii] 

BLAŽENČIĆ, J. & BLAŽENČIĆ, Ž., 1992a. Makr<strong>of</strong>ite u Plitvičkim jezerima Prošće i Ciginovac 

(Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> Plitvice lakes Prošće and Ciginovac). Plitvički bilten no. 3-4: 41-50, 3 figs. (2 

distribution maps). [english summary] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1992b. Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> Prosce and Ciginovac <strong>the</strong> lakes <strong>of</strong> 

Plitvice. Arch. Biol. Sci. 44: 213-222, 2 figs. (distribution maps). [C. contraria, C. rudis, C. vulgaris, C. 

hispida, C. globularis, C. delicatula, N. opaca] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1994a. Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> Kozjak Lake and Central Lakes <strong>of</strong> 

Plitvice. Arch. Biol. Sci. 46: 123-126, 4 figs. (distribution maps). [C. globularis, C. vulgaris, C. 

contraria, C. aspera, C. delicatula, C. hispida, N. opaca] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1994b. Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> lake Crno jezero on Durmitor mountain, 

Montenegro. Glasnik Instituta za botaniku i Botanicke baste Univerziteta u Beogradu 26/27: 77-87, 6 

figs. (1 distribution map). C. aspera, C. contraria, C. dlicatula, C. rudis, N. flexilis, N. opaca] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1994c. Makr<strong>of</strong>ite prokletijskih jezera i njihov fit<strong>of</strong>iltracioni 

znacaj. (Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> Prokletije Lakes and <strong>the</strong>ir importance in water purification). In: Jovan Cvijic i 

Prokletije. pp. 56-61, 2 figs. (distribution maps). Naucna monografija, Beograd. [servo-croatian, 

english summary] [C. aspera, C. delicatula, N. opaca in Nitelletum Opacae, C. contraria in Charetum 

contrariae] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1994d. Floristicka i ekoloska studija makr<strong>of</strong>ita u jezerima 

Nacionalnog park "Biogradska Gora" (Crna Gora, Jugoslavija). (Floristical and ecological study <strong>of</strong> 

macrophytes in <strong>the</strong> lakes <strong>of</strong> National Park "Biogradka gora" (Montenegro, Yugoslavia)). Glasnik 

Instituta za botaniku i Botanicke baste Univerziteta u Beogradu 28: 101-114, 5 figs. (1 map, 4 

distribution maps). [servo-croatian, english summary] [C. delicatula, C. globularis, N. opaca] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1995a. Kriptogame i vaskularna flora u vodenim ekosistemima 

nacionalnog parka "Durmitor". In: M. Ljesevic (ed.) - Priroda nacionalnog parka "Durmitor". posebno 

izdanje 8. pp. 246-254. Geografski fakultet, Beograd. [servo-croatian] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1995b. Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> lower lakes <strong>of</strong> Plitvice. Arch. Biol. 

Sci. 47: 43-48, 2 distribution maps. [C. contraria, C. globularis, C. delicatula] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1996. Floristicke i ekoloske karakteristike makr<strong>of</strong>ita u potocima 

Nacionalnog Parka "Plitvicka jezera" (Republika Hrvatska). (Floristic and ecological characteristics <strong>of</strong> 

<strong>the</strong> macrophytes in streams <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National Park "Plitvicka jezera" (Republic <strong>of</strong> Croatia). Glasnik 

Instituta za botaniku i botanicke baste Univerziteta u Beogradu 30: 71-78, 5 figs. (1 map, 4 distribution 

maps). [servo-croatian, english summary] [N. opaca, C. globularis, C. contraria, C. vulgaris] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1997a. Floristicke karakteristike vodene i mocvarne vegetacije 

Dojranskog jezera. (Floristic and marsh vegetation <strong>of</strong> Dojran Lake (Macedonia). Glasnik Instituta za 

botaniku i botanicke baste Univerziteta u Beogradu 31: 43-54, 4 figs. (1 map). [servo-croatian, english 

summary] [C. vulgaris, C. tenuispina, C. gymnophylla, C. contraria, C. conimbrigensis, C. conniventifragilis] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1997b. The floristic diversity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> aquatic plants in <strong>the</strong> 

National Parks <strong>of</strong> Serbia and Montenegro. In: Monograph on <strong>the</strong> Forest ecosystems <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National 

Parks. <strong>International</strong> Sci.Conf. Belgrade. pp.217-223. [C. contraria, C. aspera, C. strigosa, C. vulgaris, 

C. globularis, C. rudis, C. delicatula, C. horrida, C. hispida, N. flexilis, N. opaca] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1997c. Makr<strong>of</strong>ite vodojaze Slano kod Niksica (Crna Gora, 

Jugoslavija). (Macrophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> reservoir Slano near <strong>the</strong> town Niksic in Montenegro (Yugoslavia). 

Ekologija 32: 17-22, 1 fig. [servo-croatian, english summary] [N. opaca, N. syncarpa, C. vulgaris, C. 

contraria, C. delicatula, C. globularis]

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 1999. Doiran lake charophytes. God. zb., Biol.-Prir.-mat. fak. 

Univ. "Sv. Kiril i Metodij" Skopje 52: 83-92, 9 figs. (1 map). [C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. 

gymnophylla, C. tenuispina, C. conimbrigensis, C. ohridana, C. conniventi-fragilis] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 2002. Rare and threatened species <strong>of</strong> charophytes (Charophyta) 

in Sou<strong>the</strong>ast Europe. Phytologia Balcanica 8: 315-326, 7 figs. (1 map, 6 distribution maps). [Red list] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & BLAZENCIC, Z., 2003. An overview <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> existing data on living Charophytes 

(Charales) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Balkan Peninsula. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica 20: 103-110, fig. 1. [C. 

ohridana, 26 Chara, 10 Nitella, 4 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamproth. papulosum, Lychn. 

barbatus] 

BLAZENCIC, J. & CVIJAN, M., 1980. Nitellopsis Hy. (Tolypellopsis Mig.) - Novi rod za floru 

Jugoslavije iz razdela Charophyta. (Nitellopsis Hy (Tolypellopsis Mig.) - <strong>the</strong> new genus for <strong>the</strong> flora <strong>of</strong> 

Yugoslavia from <strong>the</strong> division <strong>of</strong> Charophyta). Glasnik Republ. Zadova Zast. Prirode - Prirodnjackog 

Muzeja Titograd 13: 7-13, 2 figs. (1 distribution map). [Servo-croatian, english summary] [C. fragilis, 

C. kokeilii, C. vulgaris, C. rudis, N. syncarpa, N. capillaris, N. gracilis, Tol. prolifera]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & RADOTIC, S., 1982. Pršljencica (Chara vulgaris L.) i karakteristike njenih staništa 

u okolini Kragujevca. (Stonewort (Chara vulgaris L.) and <strong>the</strong> characteristics <strong>of</strong> its habitats in <strong>the</strong> 

surrounding <strong>of</strong> Kragujevac). Bulletin de l'Institut et du Jardin Botaniques de l'Université de Beograd 

15: 37-42, 1 fig. [servo-croatian, english summary]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & RANDJELOVIC, V., 1994. Chara visianii J. Blazencic et V. Randjelovic sp. nov. 

(<strong>Characeae</strong>) from <strong>the</strong> river Krka (Croatia). Cryptogamie, Algologie 15: 73-79, 2 figs. (1 distribution 

map). [Chara visianii n. spec., C. hispida, C. intermedia, Lychn. barbatus]. 

BLAZENCIC, J. & TEMNISKOVA-TOPALOVA, D., 1991a. Charophyta from Babylon (Republic <strong>of</strong> 

Iraq). Cryptogamie, Algologie 12: 289-300, 12 figs. [N. opaca, Tol. glomerata, C. vulgaris, C. 

gymnophylla, C. contraria]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., BLAZENCIC, Z. & CVIJAN, M., 1994. Floristicka i ekoloska studija Charophyta u 

vodenim ekosistemima nacionalnog parka "Durmitor" (Crna Gora, Jugoslavija). (Floristical and 

ecological study <strong>of</strong> Charophyta in water ecosystems <strong>of</strong> National park "Durmitor" (Montenegro, 

Yugoslavia)). Ekologija 28/29: 33-54, 9 figs. (1 map, 8 distribution maps). [Servo-croatian, english 

summary] [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. strigosa, C. rudis, C. globularis, C. delicatula, N. 

opaca, N. flexilis]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., BLAZENCIC, Z. & LJALJEVIC, M., 1995. Prilog poznavanju rasprostranjenja i 

ekologije pršljencica (Charophyta) u vojvodini (Srbija, Jugoslavija). (The contribution to <strong>the</strong> 

knowledge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> distribution and ecology <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Charophyta in Vojvodina (Serbia, Yugoslavia)). 

Ekologija 30: 1-18, 8 figs. (9 distribution maps). [Servo-croatian, english summary] [C. contraria, C. 

vulgaris, C. braunii, C. globularis, C. delicatula, C. canescens, C. tenuispina, N. opaca, N. capillaris]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., BLAZENCIC, Z. & LJALJEVIC, M., 1996. Jezera nacionalnik parkova prethodne 

Jugoslavija - riznice diverziteta Charophyta. (The lakes in <strong>the</strong> National parks <strong>of</strong> former Yugoslavia - 

<strong>the</strong> treasury <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> diversity <strong>of</strong> Charophytes). Ekologija 31: 37-48. [Servo-croatian, english summary] 

[14 Chara, 9 Nitella, 2 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., BLAZENCIC, Z., CVIJAN, M. & STEVANOVIC, B., 1990. Systematic and 

biogeographic studies <strong>of</strong> Charophytes in Yugoslavia. Cryptogamie, Algologie 11: 249-256, 9 figs. (8 

distribution maps). [9 Nitella, 5 Tolypella, 20 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum, 

Lychn. barbatus]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., BLAZENCIC, Z., CVIJAN, M. & STEVANOVIC, B., 1991. Recherches 

écologiques sur les Charophytes récoltés dans le Parc national des lacs des Plitvice. Bulletin de la 

Société botanique de France 138: 15-24, 3 figs. (1 map, 4 distribution maps). [C. contraria, C. rudis, C. 

vulgaris, C. hispida, C. globularis, C. delicatula, C. aspera, N. opaca]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., BLAZENCIC, Z., LAKUSISC, D. & RANDJELOVIC, V., 1998. Phytogeographical 

and ecological characteristics <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> east Adriatic coast. Arch. Biol. Sci. 50: 119- 

128, 1 map. [10 Nitella, 4 Tolypella, 16 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. 

barbatus]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., CVIJAN, M. & LAUSEVIC, R., 1995. Diverzitet slatkovodnik algi Jugoslavije sa 

pregledon vrsta od medjunarodnog znacaja. In: V. STEVANOVIC & V. VASIC (ed.) - Biodiverzitet 

Jugoslavije i sa preglodon vrsta od medunarodnog znacaja. pp. 159-172, 1 distribution map. Ecolibri, 

Biološki fakultet, Beograd. VIII & 586 pp. [Servo-croatian] [Red List] [16 Chara, 10 Nitella, 2 

Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

BLAŽENČIĆ, J., STEVANOVIĆ, B., BLAŽENČIĆ, Ž. & STEVANOVIĆ, V., 2006. Red Data list <strong>of</strong> 

charophytes in <strong>the</strong> Balkans. Biodiversity and Conservation 15: 3445-3457, 4 figs. (2 distribution 

maps). [Red List]

BLAŽENČIČ, J., STEVANOVIČ, B., BLAŽENČIČ, Z. & STEVANOVIČ, V., 2006. Distribution and 

ecology <strong>of</strong> charophytes recorded in <strong>the</strong> west and central Balkans. Cryptogamie, Algologie 27: 311-322, 

5 figs. (3 maps). 

BLAZENCIC, J., URBANC-BERCIC, O. & VRHOVSEK, D., 1990. Makr<strong>of</strong>iti v jezerih Triglavskega 

narodnega parka. (Macrophytes in <strong>the</strong> lakes Triglav national park). Bioloski vestnik 38: 1-14, 5 figs. 

(distribution maps). [servo-croatian, english summary] [C. delicatula, C. aspera, C. rudis, C. contraria] 

BLAZENCIC, J., 1980. Contribution to <strong>the</strong> study <strong>of</strong> distribution and ecology <strong>of</strong> species <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> genus 

Chara in Serbia. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Belgrade, sér. B 35:103-104. [C. 

gymnophylla, C. vulgaris]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., 1984. Rasprostranjenje i ekologija vrste Nitella gracilis (Smith) Ag. (Nitellaceae) u 

Jugoslaviji (The distribution and ecology <strong>of</strong> species Nitella gracilis (Smith)Ag. (Nitellaceae) in 

Yugoslavia). Bulletin de l'Institut et du Jardin botaniques de l'Université de Beograd 18: 31-36, 2 pl. (1 

distribution map). [Servo-croatian, english summary] [N. syncarpa, N. capillaris, N. batrachosperma, 

C. fragilis, C. tenuispina, C. kokeilii, C. vulgaris, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata, Tol. prolifera]. 

BLAZENCIC, J., 1995a. Criteria for species determination in Charophytes. Arch. Biol. Sci. 47: 9P- 

10P. [C. rudis, C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. gymnophylla] 

BLAZENCIC, J., 1995b. Floristicke karakteristike makr<strong>of</strong>itske vegetacije Savskog jezera kod 

Beograda (Srbija, Jugoslavija). (Floristic characteristics <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> macrophytic vegetation in Lake Savsko 

near Belgrade (Serbia,Yugoslavia). Glasnik Instituta za botaniku i botanicke baste Univerziteta u 

beogradu 29:167-173, 1 fig. (map). [servo-croatian, english summary] [C. contraria, C. globularis, N. 

mucronata] 

BLAZENCIC, J., 2001. Uticaj pršljenèica (Charophyta) na komarce. (Effects <strong>of</strong> stoneworts 

(Charophyta) on mosquitoes). Nuaèni skup "Zasavica 2001", Zbornik radova pp. 159-164, 1 fig. PMF 

Institus za biologija Novi Sad i Goransko-ekolosk pokret Sremska Mitovica. [Servo-croatian, english 

summary] [no effect <strong>of</strong> C. globularis, C. vulgaris, C. gymnophylla on mosquito larvae] 

BLINDOW, I. & HOOTSMANS, M.J.M., 1991. Allelopathic effects from Chara spp. on two species 

<strong>of</strong> unicellular green algae. In: M.J.M. Hootsmans & J.E. Vermaat (eds.) - Macrophytes, a key to 

understanding changes caused by eutrophication in shallow freshwater ecosystems. pp. 139-144. 

BLINDOW, I. & KOISTINEN, M., 2004a. Determination key for charophytes in <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. In: H. 

SCHUBERT & I. BLINDOW, (eds.). - Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. pp. 27-36, 7 figs. A.R.G. 

Gantner Verlag, Ruggel. (4) + 326 pp., figs., 16 pl., distribution maps. [Key] 

BLINDOW, I. & KOISTINEN, M., 2004b. Nitella wahlbergiana Wallman 1853. In: H. SCHUBERT 

& I. BLINDOW, (eds.). - Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. pp. 209-215, 1 fig., 2 distribution maps. 

A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggel. (4) + 326 pp., figs., 16 pl., distribution maps. 

BLINDOW, I. & KRAUSE, W., 1989. Kransalgen Tolypella glomerata i Sverige (Stonewort Tolypella 

glomerata in Sweden). Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 83: 196-198, 3 figs. [Swedish] [Tol. intricata, Tol. 

nidifica]. 

BLINDOW, I. & KRAUSE, W., 1990. Bestämningsnyckel för svenska kransalger (Key to <strong>the</strong> Swedish 

species <strong>of</strong> Charophyta). Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 84: 119-160, 40 figs. [Swedish] [Key] [20 Chara, 10 

Nitella, 3 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp.papulosum]. 

BLINDOW, I. & LANGANGEN, A., 1995a. Lamprothamnium papulosum (Wallr.) J. Groves, a 

threatened Charophyte in Scandinavia. Cryptogamie, Algologie 16: 47-55, 6 figs. (2 distribution 

maps). [Lamp. papulosum, C. aspera, C. canescens, Tol. nidifica]. 

BLINDOW, I. & LANGANGEN, A., 1995b. Kransalger i Jämtland (Charophytes in <strong>the</strong> province <strong>of</strong> 

Jämtland, nor<strong>the</strong>rn Sweden). Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 89: 111-117, 4 figs. (1 map, 2 distribution 

maps). [Swedish, english summary] [10 Chara, 2 Nitella species]. 

BLINDOW, I. & LANGANGEN, A., 1995c. Kransalgen Lamprothamnium papulosum i Sverige. (The 

charophyte Lamprothamnium papulosum in Sweden). Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 89: 171-174, 3 figs. 

(1 distribution map). [Swedish, english summary] [Lamp. papulosum] 

BLINDOW, I. & SCHUBERT, H., 2004. Chara canescens Desv. & Loisel. in Loisel. 1810. In: H. 

SCHUBERT & I. BLINDOW, (eds.). - Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. pp. 70-81, 1 fig., 2 distribution 

maps. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggel. (4) + 326 pp., figs., 16 pl., distribution maps. 

BLINDOW, I., ANDERSSON, G. & HARGEBY, A., 1991. Submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes 

and <strong>the</strong>ir importance for waterfowl. In: C.M. Finlayson & T. Larsson (eds.) - Wetland management 

and restoration. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> a Workshop, Sweden 1990. pp. 72-79. Swedish Environmental 

Protection Agency, Solna. Report 3992. 

BLINDOW, I., ANDERSSON, G., HARGEBY, A. & JOHANSSON, S., 1993. Long-term pattern <strong>of</strong> 

alternative stable states in two shallow eutrophic lakes. Freshwater Biology 30: 159-167.

BLINDOW, I., DIETRICH, J., MOLLMANN, N. & SCHUBERT, H., 2003. Growth, photosyn<strong>the</strong>sis 

and fertility <strong>of</strong> Chara aspera under different light and salinity conditions. Aquatic Botany 76: 213-234. 

[C. aspera] 

BLINDOW, I., GARNIEL, A., MUNSTERHJELM, R. & NIELSEN, R., 2004. Conservation and 

threats - Proposal <strong>of</strong> a Red Data Book for charophytes in <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. In: H. SCHUBERT & I. 

BLINDOW, (eds.). - Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. pp. 251-260. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggel. 

(4) + 326 pp., figs., 16 pl., distribution maps. [Red List] 

BLINDOW, I., GEZELIUS, L. & HARGEBY, A., 1995. Det spirar under vattenytan - 

undervattensvegetationens utveckling i Tåkern 1994. (The development <strong>of</strong> submerged vegetation in L. 

Tåkern during 1994). Vingspegeln 14: 62-69. [Swedish] 

BLINDOW, I., HARGEBY, A. & ANDERSSON, G., 1998. Alternative stable states in shallow lakes - 

what causes a shift? In: E. Jeppesen, Ma. Søndergaard, Mo. Søndergaard & K. Christ<strong>of</strong>fersen (eds.) - 

The structuring role <strong>of</strong> submerged macrophytes in lakes. pp. 353-360. 

BLINDOW, I., HARGEBY, A. & ANDERSSON, G., 2000. Long-term waterfowl fluctuations in 

relation to alternative states in two shallow lakes. In: F.A. Comin, J.A. Herrera & Ramírez (eds.) - 

Limnology and Aquatic Birds. Monitoring, Modelling and Management. pp. 165-175. Universidad 

Autónoma de Yucatán. Mérida, México. 

BLINDOW, I., HARGEBY, A., JOHANSSON, S. & ANDERSSON, G., 1986. Sjöfågel och fågelföda 

i Tåkern och Krankesjön. (Waterfowl and <strong>the</strong>ir food in Lake Tåkern and Lake Krankesjön). 

Vingspegeln 5: 65-74. [Swedish] 

BLINDOW, I., HARGEBY, A., JOHANSSON, S. & ANDERSSON, G., 1988. Sjöfågelföda i Tåkern 

och Krankesjön - stabilitet och förändringar. (Waterfowl food in Lake Tåkern and Lake Krankesjön - 

Stability and changes). Vingspegeln 7: 40-46. [Swedish] 

BLINDOW, I., HARGEBY, A., WAGNER, B.M.A. & ANDERSSON, G., 2000. How important is <strong>the</strong> 

crustacean plankton for <strong>the</strong> maintenance <strong>of</strong> water clarity in shallow lakes with abundant submerged 

vegetation? Freshwater Biology 44: 185-197. 

BLINDOW, I., KRAUSE, W., LJUNGSTRAND, E. & KOISTINEN, M., 2007. Bestämningsnyckel 

för kransalger i Sverige. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 101: 165-220, 51 figs. [Key] 

BLINDOW, I., ROST, E., JACHNER, S., FREY, S. & DILGER, M., 2004. Entwicklung eines 

Schlüssels zur Bestimmung von Characeen-Oosporen - eine Projektbeschreibung. Rostocker 

Meeresbiologische Beiträge 13: 27-34, 3 figs. 

BLINDOW, I., 1985. Skånska kransalger. (Charophyta in Scania). Skånes Natur 72: 17-20. [Swedish]. 

BLINDOW, I., 1986. Undervattensväxter viktiga i fågelsjöar. (Importance <strong>of</strong> submerged macrophytes 

for waterfowl). Fauna och Flora 81: 235-244. [Swedish] 

BLINDOW, I., 1987. The composition and density <strong>of</strong> epiphyton on several species <strong>of</strong> submerged 

macrophytes-The neutral substrate hypo<strong>the</strong>sis tested. Aquatic Botany 29: 157-168, 2 figs. [Nitellopsis 

obtusa, C. tomentosa, C. globularis]. 

BLINDOW, I., 1988. Phosphorus toxicity in Chara. Aquatic Botany 32: 393-395, 1 fig. [C. tomentosa, 

C. hispida]. 

BLINDOW, I., 1989. Sjöfågelföda i Tåkern - var furagerar fåglarna? (Waterfowl food in Lake 

Tåkern). Vingspegeln 8: 68-73. [Swedish] 

BLINDOW, I., 1991. Reasons for <strong>the</strong> decline <strong>of</strong> charophytes in eutrophicated lakes in Scania 

(Sweden). Bulletin de la Société botanique de France, Actual. bot. 138: 95. 

BLINDOW, I., 1992a. Decline <strong>of</strong> charophytes during eutrophication: comparison with angiosperms. 

Freshwater Biology 28: 9-14. 

BLINDOW, I., 1992b. Long- and short-term dynamics <strong>of</strong> submerged macrophytes in two shallow 

eutrophic lakes. Freshwater Biology 28: 15-27. 

BLINDOW, I., 1993. Kransalgen Nitella batrachosperma i Sverige. (Nitella batrachosperma 

(Charophyta) in Sweden. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 87: 93-95. [Swedish, english summary] 

BLINDOW, I., 1994. Sällsynte och hotade kransalger i Sverige (Rare and threatened Charophytes in 

Sweden). Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 88: 65-73. [Swedish, english summary] [14 Chara, 7 Nitella, 4 

Tolypella species, Lamp. papulosum, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

BLINDOW, I., 1995. Kransalger. In: Aronsson, M., Hallingbäck, T. & Mattsson, J.-E. (eds.) - 

Rödlistade växter I Sverige 1995. pp. 133-140. ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. 272 pp. [Swedish] [Red 

List] [14 Chara, 8 Nitella, 4 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum]. 

BLINDOW, I., 1997. Kransalger i Blekinge. Blekinges Natur Årsbok 1997: 87-104. [Swedish] 

BLINDOW, I., 2000. Distribution <strong>of</strong> charophytes along <strong>the</strong> Swedish coast in relation to salinity and 

eutrophication. <strong>International</strong> Review <strong>of</strong> Hydrobiology 85: 707-717. [3 Nitella, 9 Chara species, Tol. 

nidifica, Lamp. papulosum]

BLINDOW, I., 2000. Kransalger Stoneworts Charophyta. In: U. Gärdenförs (ed.) - Rödliste arter i 

Sverige (The 2000 red list <strong>of</strong> Swedish species.) pp. 89-92. Art Databanken, Uppsala. 379 pp. [Red 

list] 

BLINDOW, I., 2004a. Chara polyacantha A. Braun 1836 in A. Braun, Rabenh. & Stizenb. 1859 

(nomen illeg.). In: H. SCHUBERT & I. BLINDOW, (eds.). - Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. pp. 129- 

130. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggel. (4) + 326 pp., figs., 16 pl., distribution maps. 

BLINDOW, I., 2004b. Nitella flexilis (L.) C. Agardh 1824. In: H. SCHUBERT & I. BLINDOW, 

(eds.). - Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Baltic Sea. pp. 174-180, 1 fig., 2 distribution maps. A.R.G. Gantner 

Verlag, Ruggel. (4) + 326 pp., figs., 16 pl., distribution maps. 

BLINDOW, I., 2004c. Nitella opaca (Bruzelius) C. Agardh 1824. In: H. SCHUBERT & I. BLINDOW, 



BLINKS, L.R. & PICKETT, M.J., 1940. The effect <strong>of</strong> oxidants and reductants upon <strong>the</strong> bioelectric 

potential <strong>of</strong> Nitella. Journal <strong>of</strong> General Physiology 24: 33-34. 

BLONSKI, F., 1890. Wyniki poszukiwan florystycznych skrytokwiatowych, dokonamych w ciagu lata 

r. 1889 w obrebie 5-ciu powiatow Krolestwa Polskiego. Pamietnik fizyograficzny 10: 129-190. 

BLOW, T.B., 1924. Observations on <strong>the</strong> alleged larvicidal properties <strong>of</strong> Charophyta. Journal <strong>of</strong> 

Botany, British and Foreign 62: 252-253. 

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<strong>the</strong> Linnean Society London 139: 46-47. 

BLUFF, M.J. & FINGERHUTH,C.A., 1833. Compendium florae Germanicae. Sectio II plantae 

cryptogamicae s. cellulosae. Tomus IV. J.L. Schrag, Norimbergae. LVI & 923 pp. see: F.G. 

WALLROTH, 1833 

BLÜMEL, C. & RAABE, U., 2004. Vorläufige Checkliste der Characeen Deutschlands. Rostocker 

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BLÜMEL, C., DOMIN, A., KRAUSE, J.C., SCHUBERT, M., SCHIEWER, U. & SCHUBERT, H., 

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[C. vulgaris] 

BOENNINGHAUSEN, C.M.F. see: BÖNNINGHAUSEN, C.M.F. von 

BOER, A.C., 1942. Plantensociologische beschrijving van de orde der Phragmitetalia. [Vegetational 

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BOERBOOM, J.H.A., 1960. De huidige begroeiing in en rond de duinmeren bij Den Haag. De 

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BOERHAAVE, H., 1710. Index plantarum quae in Horto Academico Lugduno-Batavo reperiuntur. 

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Vol. II. P. van der Aa, Lugduni Batavorum. [p. 107: Equisetum etc. "Chara vulgaris"].

BOGGAN, J., FUNK, V., KELLOFF, C., HOFF, M., CREMERS, G. & FEUILLET, C., 1992. 

Checklist <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plants <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Guianas (Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). 381 pp. 

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Institution, Washington. (2) + IV + 238 pp., 2 maps. [<strong>Characeae</strong> p. 9: C. flaccida, C. hydropitys, C. 

oerstediana, C. robbinsii, N. acuminata, N. dictyosperma, N. divaricata, N. flagellifera, N. furcata, N. 

glaziovii, N. leptodactyla, N. megacarpa, N. microcarpa, N.mucronata] 

BOINSKI, M., BOINSKA, U. & CEYNOWA-GIELDON, M., 1974. The flora <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> lakes Zdreczno 

and Kozic in <strong>the</strong> area <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> forests Bory Tucholskie. Studia Societatis Scientiarum Torunensis, Sectio 

D (Botanica) 10(1): 1-33. [Polish, english summary] [C. aculeolata, C. contraria]. 

BOIRA, H. & CARRETERO, J.L., 1985. Los car<strong>of</strong>iceas de las provincias de Castellón y Valencia. 

Collectanea Botanica 16: 13-18, 1 distribution map. [Spanish, english summary] [ C. aspera, C. 

braunii, C. globularis, C. hispida, C. vulgaris, Lamp. papulosum, N. confervacea, N. hyalina, Tol. 

glomerata, Tol. hispanica]. 

BOISDUVAL, J.A., 1828. Manuel complet de botanique, deuxième partie. Flore française, ou 

description synoptique de toutes les plantes phanérogames et cryptogames qui croissent naturellement 

sur le sol français, avec les caractères des genres des agames, et l'indication des principales espèces. 

Vol. 3. Roret, Paris. (2) + 396 pp. [Characées pp. 203-206: C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, C. galioides, C. 

fragilis, C. funicularis, C. capillacea (with var. C. delicatula), C. hispida, C. decipiens (with var. C. 

obtusa, C. intertexta), C. globularis, C. flexilis (with var. C. translucens), C. hyalina, C. 

batrachosperma, C. syncarpa] 

BOLD, H.C., ALEXOPOULOS, C.J. & DELEVORYAS, T., 1987. Morphology <strong>of</strong> plants and fungi. 

5 th ed. 

BOLL, E., 1847. Die Ostsee. Archiv des Vereins der Freunde der Naturgeschichte in Mecklenburg 1: 

31-120. 

BOLL, E., 1858. Die Insel Rügen. Reise-Erinnerungen. Schwerin. IV + 199 pp., 1 map. [C. baltica] 

BOLL, E., 1860. Flora von Mecklenburg in geographischer, geschichtlicher, systematischer, statischer 

u.s.w. Hinsicht geschildert. Archiv des Vereins für Freunde der Naturgeschichte in Mecklenburg 14: 1- 

404. 

BOLL, E., 1862. Die Süßwasser-Pflanzen der deutsche Ostseeländer. Archiv des Vereins für der 

Freunde der Naturgeschichte Mecklenburgs 16: 57-101. 

BOLLA, J.V., 1861. Die Flechten, Algen und Moose der Pressburger Flora. Verhandlungen des 

Vereins für Naturkunde zu Pressburg 5: 26-39. [C. hispida, C. aspera, N. gracilis, Tol. prolifera (as 

Nitella)] 

BONIS, A. & GRILLAS, P., 2002. Deposition, germination and spatio-temporal patterns <strong>of</strong> charophyte 

propagule banks: a review. Aquatic Botany 72: 235-248. 

BONIS, A., GEMAYEL, P. & GRILLAS, P., 1993. Polymorphisme enzymatique et morphologique 

comparé chez Chara aspera et C. galioides (Charophyceae) en Camargue. Cryptogamie, Algologie, 14: 

115 - 131. [C. aspera, C. galioides] 

BONNET, E. & MAURY, P., 1888. D'Ain-Sefra à Djenien Bou Resq. Voyage botanique dans le Sud- 

Oranais. Journal de Botanie 2: 277-301, 312-322. [Characées p. 321] 

BONNET, E., 1883. Petite flore Parisienne contenant la description des familles, genres, espèces et 

variétés de toutes les plantes spontanées ou cultivées en grand dans la région parisienne. Avec des clefs 

dichotomiques conduisant rapidement aux noms des plantes augmentée d'un vocobulaire des termes de 

botanique et d'un memento des herborisations parisiennes. F. Savy, Paris. XII + 527 pp. [Key] 

[Characées pp. 476-482: C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. vulgaris, C. contraria, C. connivens, C. aspera, C. 

braunii, Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera), Tol. glomerata (as Nitella), Tol. intricata (as Nitella), N. 

tenuissima, N. gracilis, N. mucronata, N.translucens, N. flexilis, N. opaca, N. syncarpa] 

BONNET, L. & SOULIÉ-MÄRSCHE, I., 1971. Méthodes quantitatives en paléontologie: quelques 

applications a l'étude des Charophytes. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 107: 28- 

57, 7 figs. [Paleobotany] 

BÖNNINGHAUSEN, C.M.F. von, 1821. Nomenclator botanicus sistens plantas phanerogamas in 

circulo Coesfeldiae-Westphalorum inquilinas, secundum normam Linnaeanam dispositus. Coesfeld. [p. 

17: C. vulgaris, C. hispida] 

BÖNNINGHAUSEN, C.M.F. von, 1824. Prodromus florae Monasteriensis Westphalorum. 

Phanerogamia. Frid. Regensberg, Monasterii (Münster). XIV & 337 pp. [Chara pp. 273-274: C. 

vulgaris, C. hispida, C. flexilis, C. tenuissima (is Ectospermum caespitosem, ref. Drees 1827)] 

BÖNSEL, D. & GREGOR, T., 1992. Die Schalksbachteiche bei Herbstein. Botanik und Naturschutz in 

Hessen 6: 72-102, 1 map. [N. flexilis].

BOOTSMA, M.C., BARENDREGT, A. & VAN ALPHEN, J.C.A., 1999. Effectiveness <strong>of</strong> reducing 

external nutrient load entering a eutrophicated shallow lake system in <strong>the</strong> Naardermeer nature reserve, 

The Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands. Biological Conservation 90: 193-201, 2 figs. (1 map). [Nitellopsis obtusa, C. aspera, 

C. contraria, C. globualris, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. mucronata] 

BOREAU, A., 1857. Flore du centre de la France et du Bassin de la Loire ou description des plantes 

qui croissent spontanément, ou qui sont cultivées en grand dans les départements arrosés par la Loire et 

ses affluents, avec l'analyse des genres et des espèces. éd. 3. Vol. I & II. Librairie Encyclopédique de 

Roret, Paris. Vol. I: 356 pp, Vol. II: 772 pp. [<strong>Characeae</strong>: vol. I p. 311-312, vol. II p. 751-756] [Chara 7, 

Nitella 9, Tolypella (as Nitella) 2 species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara stelligera)] 

BORESCH, K., 1935. Gehalt der Algen an Mineralst<strong>of</strong>fen. Tabulae Biologiae 10: 315-353. 

BÖRGESEN, F., 1901. Freshwater algae. In: J.E.B. Warming (ed.) - Botany <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Faröes, based upon 

Danish investigations. Part I. pp. 198-259, pl. 7-10. Gyldendelske Boghandel - Nordisk Forlag, 

Copenhagen and Christiana; John Wheldon & Co., London. pp. I-X + 1-338, fig. 1-50, pl. 1-10. 

[<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 250, 256-257, determinations by O. Nordstedt: C. fragilis, N. opaca]. 

BORHIDI, A. & BALOGH, M., 1970. Die Entstehung von dystrophen Schaukelmooren in einem 

alkalischen (Szik)-See. Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 16: 13-31, 5 figs. [C. 

ceratiphylla in Charetum ceratophyllae ass. nov.] 

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[Hungarian] [pp. 69-109: N. cf. mucronata in Nitello-Ceratophylletum submersi, N. flexilis, C. 

tomentosa (as ceratophylla), C. fragilis, C. braunii (as coronata), C. canescens (as crinita)]. 

BORKHAUSEN, M. B., 1793. Flora der oberen Grafschaft Catzenelnbogen nach dem System vom 

Stande, der Verbindung und dem Verhältniße der Staubfäden. Rheinisches Magazin zur Erweiterung 

der Naturkunde 1: 393-607. [pp. 605-606: C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. flexilis]. 

BORNETT, G. & ARENS, M.F., 2002. Charophyte communities in cut-<strong>of</strong>f river channels - The role <strong>of</strong> 

connectivity. Aquatic Botany 73: 149-162. [C. hispida, C. globularis, C. vulgaris, N. confervacea] 

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origin <strong>of</strong> ground water in former river beds? Vegetatio 125: 207-222, 4 figs. (1 map). [C. globularis, C. 

aculeolata (as hispida), C. major, N. confervacea] 

BOROS, A., 1932. Die Flora und die Pflanzengeographischen Verhältnisse des Nyirség's. Mitteilungen 

der Kommission für Heimatkunde der wissenschaftlichen Gr. Stefan Tisza Gesellschaft in Debrecen 7. 

208 pp. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 29-30, 140-142, 166-168, 178: N. mucronata, N. syncarpa, N. gracilis, C. 

braunii (as coronata), C. fragilis, C. vulgaris (as foetida), C. connivens, C. canescens (as crinita), C. 

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BOROWITZKA, M.A., LARKUM, N.W.D. & NOCKOLDS, C.E., 1974. A scanning electron 

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Phycologia 13(3): 195-203, 18 figs. [C. corallina]. 

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(eds.) - Progress in phycological <strong>Research</strong>. Vol. 1. pp. 137-177, 11 figs. Elsevier Biomedical Press, 

Amsterdam. (8) + 383 pp., figs. [C. corallina (C. australis)] 

BORÓWKO-DLUZAKOWA, Z., 1960. Dwa nowe pr<strong>of</strong>ile interglacjalne z Warszawy w swietle badan 

paleobotanicznych. (Two new interglacial stratigraphical columns from Warsaw in <strong>the</strong> light <strong>of</strong> 

paleobotanical investigations.). Z badan czwartorzedu w Polsce 9, Biuletyn 150, Instytut Geologniczny 

pp. 105-130. [Paleobotany] [Polish, english summary] 

BORÓWKO-DLUZAKOWA, Z., 1961. Badania palynologiczne torfowisk na lewym brzegu Wisly 

miedzy Gabinem, Gostyninem i Wloclawkiem. (Palynological study <strong>of</strong> peat bogs on <strong>the</strong> left bank <strong>of</strong> 

<strong>the</strong> Vistula between Gabin Gorstynim and Wloclawek (North and Central Poland)). Z badan 

czwartorzedu w Polsce 10, Biuletyn 169, Instytut Geologniczny pp. 107-130. [Paleobotany] [Polish, 


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Geologiczne. Instytut Geologiczny, Warszawa. [Paleobotany] [Polish] 

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[Paleobotany] 

BOSTOCK, P.D. & HOLLAND, A.E. (eds.), 2007. Census <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Queensland flora 2007. Queensland 

Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane. VI + 298 pp., 2 maps, CD-ROM. 

BOSWELL, J.T.I., 1885. English Botany, or coloured figures <strong>of</strong> British plants. ed. 3. Vol. 12 (edited 

by N.E. Brown). London. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 173-218, pl. 1899-1922]

BOUCHER, J.A.G., 1833. Flore d'Abbeville et ses environs. Mém. Soc. Roy. d'Ëmulation d'Abbeville 

1833: 355-468. 

BOURELLY, P. & MANGUIN, E., 1952. Algues d'eau douce de la Guadeloupe et dépendances,: 

recueillies par la Mission P. Allorge en 1936. Société d'Édition d'Enseignement Supérieur 

(S.E.D.E.S.), Paris. 282 pp., figs., 31 pl. [<strong>Characeae</strong> p. 229: N. cernua] 

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vertes. N. Boubée & Cie., Paris. 511 pp., figs., 117 pl. [Key] [Charophycées pp. 457-475, pl. 111-117: 

C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, C. braunii, C. hispida, C. canescens, C. globularis, C. aspera, N. hyalina, N. 

opaca, N. flexilis, N. translucens, N. mucronata, N. tenuissima, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. barbatus, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata, Tol. intricata, Tol. prolifera] 

BOURRELLY, P., 1990. Les algues d'eau douce. Initiation à la systématique. Tome 1: Les algues 

vertes. Société Nouvelle des Éditions Boubée, Paris. (réimpression + compléments). 572 pp., figs., 121 

pl. [Key] [Charophycées pp. 457-475, 562, pl. 111-117: C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, C. braunii, C. 

hispida, C. canescens, C. globularis, C. aspera, N. hyalina, N. opaca, N. flexilis, N. translucens, N. 

mucronata, N. tenuissima, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. barbatus, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata, Tol. 

intricata, Tol. prolifera] 

BOWEN, H., 2000. The flora <strong>of</strong> Dorset. Piscespublications - Naturebureau, Newbury, Berkshire. VIII 

+ 373 pp., 15 figs., 59 pl., figs., distribution maps. [Charophycaceae (det. N. Stewart) p. 352: C. 

aspera, C. baltica, C. canescens, C. globularis, C. virgata, C. vulgaris, Lamp. papulosum, N. opaca, N. 

translucens, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata] 

BOX, R., ANDREWS, M. & RAVEN, J.A., 1984. Intercellular transport and cytoplasmic streaming in 

Chara hispida. Journal <strong>of</strong> Experimental Botany 35: 1016-1021. [C. hispida] 

BOX, R.J., BOXER, M. & BOXER, D., 1985. Compartmentation <strong>of</strong> PO4 - uptake and 32 P efflux in <strong>the</strong> 

rhizoid cells <strong>of</strong> Chara hispida L. Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen 180: 551-555, 1 fig. [C. 

hispida] 

BOX, R.J., 1986. Quantitative short-term uptake <strong>of</strong> inorganic phosphate by <strong>the</strong> Chara hispida rhizoid. 

Plant, Cell and Environment 9: 501-506. [C. hispida] 

BOX, R.J., 1987. The uptake <strong>of</strong> nitrate and ammonium nitrogen in Chara hispida L.: <strong>the</strong> contribution 

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> rhizoid. Plant, Cell and Environment 10: 169-176. 

BOYD, C.E. & LAWRENCE, J.M., 1966. The mineral composition <strong>of</strong> several freshwater algae. 

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424. 

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Symposium, A<strong>the</strong>ns, Ga. pp. 114-129. 

BOYD, C.E., 1971. The limnological role <strong>of</strong> aquatic macrophytes and <strong>the</strong>ir relationship to reservoir 

management. In: G.E. Hall (ed.) - Reservoir fisheries and limnology. pp. 153-168. Special Publication 

No. 8 <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> American Fisheries Society, Washington, D.C. 

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[C. vulgaris, C. braunii, C. fibrosa]. 

BOYD, C.E., 1973b. Summer algal communities and primary productivity in fish ponds. 

Hydrobiologia 41: 357-390, 10 figs. [C. braunii, C. vulgaris, C. globularis, C. fibrosa] 

BRAARUD, T. & AALEN, O.J., 1938. Undersøkelser over makrovegetasjonen i en del Aust-Agdervatn. 

Nytt Mag. Naturv. 79: 1-49. 

BRAASCH, A., 1878. Die geognostische Verhältnisse von Kiel und ihre Beziehungen zur 

Landwirtschaft. Verh. Ver. f. nat. Unterhalt 3: 192-. [Paleobotany] 

BRACKEN, J.J. & CHAMP, W.S.T., 1971. Age and growth <strong>of</strong> pike in five Irish limestone lakes. 

Scientific Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Royal Dublin Society 3: 1-33. 

BRADIS, Y.M., 1973. (Principles <strong>of</strong> typology <strong>of</strong> USSR bogs). Ukr. Botaniceskij zurnal 30: 681-693. 

BRANCO, L.H.Z. & NECCHI, O., 1997. Seasonality <strong>of</strong> macroalgae in three tropical drainage basins 

in São Paulo State, sou<strong>the</strong>astern Brazil. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 141: 75-91. 

BRANCO, L.H.Z. & NECCHI, O., 1998. Distribution <strong>of</strong> stream macroalgae in three tropical drainage 

basins. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 142: 241-256. 

BRAND, F., 1896. Ueber die Vegetationsverhältnisse des Würmsees und seine Grundalgen. 

Botanisches Centralblatt 65: 2-13, 1 fig. [C. aspera, C. rudis, C. tomentosa (as ceratophylla), C. 

fragilis, N. syncarpa] 

BRANISA, L., GRAMBAST, L. & HOFFSTETTER, R., 1969. Quelques précisions nouvelles d’après 

les Charophytes sur l’âge du groupe Puca (Crétacé - Paléogène, Bolivie). Comptes Rendus Sommaire 

de la Société Géologique de France 8: 321-322. [Paleobotany]

BRARD, P., 1809. Sur les coquilles fossiles du genre Lymnée qui se trouvent aux environs de Paris, 

sur les autres coquilles qui les accompagnent, ... Annales Muséum Histoires Naturelles 14: 426-440. 

[Paleobotany] 

BRAUN, A. & NORDSTEDT, O., 1882. Fragmente einer Monographie der Characeen. Nach den 

hinterlassenen Manuskripten A. Braun's herausgegeben von Dr. Otto Nordstedt. Abhandlungen der 

königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1882: 1-211, pl. 1-7. [Key] [Nitella polygyra n. spec., 

Nitella remota n. spec., Nitella Robertsonii n.spec., Nitella pygmaea n. spec., Nitella trichotoma n. spec., 

Tolypella longicoma n. spec., Tolypella apiculata n. spec., Tolypella californica n. spec., Chara Griffithii n. 

spec., Chara psilopitys n. spec., Chara Thwaitesii n. spec., Chara altaica n. spec., Chara infirma n. spec., 

Chara leptosperma n. spec., 57 Nitella, 7 Tolypella, 47 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as 

Lychnothamnus stelligera), Lychn. barbatus, Lamp. papulosum (as Lamp. alopecuroides), Lamp. 

macropogon (as Lychnothamnus)]. 

BRAUN, A., 1834. Esquisse monographique du genre Chara. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, sér. 2 

Botanique 1: 349-357 (Introduction by J. Gay pp. 349-350). [Chara mucronata n. spec. (is Nitella 

mucronata), Chara prolifera Ziz herb. n. spec. (is Tolypella prolifera), Chara polysperma n. spec. (is 

Tolypella intricata), Chara Nolteana n. spec. (is C. baltica), Chara foetida n. spec. (is C. vulgaris), 

Chara tenuispina n. spec. (as C. tenuissima typ. error), N. hyalina, N. gracilis, N. flexilis, N. capillaris 

(as capitata), N. opaca, N. translucens (Nitella as Chara), Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara stelligera), 

Lychn. barbatus (as Chara barbata), C. braunii (as coronata), C. baueri (as scoparia), C. squamosa, C. 

baltica, C. tomentosa (as ceratophylla), C. hispida, C. canescens (as crinita), C. aspera, C. fragilis] 

BRAUN, A., 1835. Uebersicht der genauer bekannten Chara-Arten. Flora 18: 49-73. [Chara africana n. 

spec. (new name for Chara gracilis var. senegalensis, is Nitella africana), Chara Pouzolsii Gay herb. n. 

spec. (is Lamprothamnium pouzolsii), Chara Roxburgii n. spec. (is Chara corallina see Zaneveld 1940 

p. 132), Chara gymnophylla n. spec., Chara Commersonii n. spec. (is? Chara zeylanica), Chara 

polyphylla n. spec. (is? Chara zeylanica), N. hyalina, N. gracilis, N. flexilis, N. capillaris (as syncarpa), 

N. tenuissima, N. opaca (as syncarpa var. opaca), N. translucens (Nitella as Chara), Nitellopsis obtusa 

(as Chara stelligera), Tol. glomerata, Tol. prolifera, Tol. intricata (as polysperma) (Tolypella as Chara), 

Lychn. barbatus (as Chara barbata), C. braunii (as coronata), C. baueri (as scoparia), C. squamosa, C. 

baltica (as Nolteana), C. foetida, C. tomentosa (as ceratophylla), C. hispida, C. canescens (as crinita), 

C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. tenuispina, C. connivens] 

BRAUN, A., 1839. Ueber den gegenwärtigen Stand seiner monographischen Bearbeitung der Gattung 

Chara. Hedwigia 22: 308-311. [Chara sejuncta n. spec., Chara dioica n. spec., C. hyalina, C. 

tenuissima, C. clavata, C. congesta, C. armata, C. foliolosa, C. indica, C. haitensis, C. compressa, C. 

ceylonica, C. polyclados, C. gymnopus, C. commersonii, C. polyphylla] 

BRAUN, A., 1843a. Charae Preissianae (adjectis reliquis speciebus e nova Hollandia hucusque 

cognitus). Linnaea 17: 113-119. [same as Braun, A., 1846b] [Chara heterophylla n. spec., Chara 

Lhotzkyi n. spec., Chara gelatinosa n. spec., Chara macropogon n. spec., Chara Preissii n. spec., N. 

congesta, C. australis, C. plebeja] 

BRAUN, A., 1843b. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: J.F. Drège - Zwei pflanzengeographische Documente, nebst einer 

Einleitung von Dr. E. Meyer. Flora 26, Suppl.: 1-230. [Chara capensis n. spec.] 

BRAUN, A., 1844. A brief notice <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Charae <strong>of</strong> North America. (with introduction by G.E. 

Engelmann) The American Journal <strong>of</strong> Science and Arts 46: 92-93. [N. flexilis, N. glomerulifolia, N. 

mucronata, N. capitellata, N. tenuissima (Nitella as Chara), C. schweinitzii, C. vulgaris, C. aspera, C. 

fragilis, C. foliolosa, C. michauxii]. 

BRAUN, A., 1845. Additional notes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> North American <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: G. Engelmann & A. Gray - 

Plantae Lindheimerianae. p. 264, footnote 1. Boston Journal <strong>of</strong> Natural History 5: 208-264. [N. flexilis, 

N. tenuissima (Nitella as Chara), C. zeylanica (as C. polyphylla), C. sejuncta] 

BRAUN, A., 1846a. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: F. Krauss - Pflanzen des Cap- und Natal-Landes, gesammelt und 

zusammengestellt von Dr. Ferdinand Krauss. p. 193. Flora 29: 193-219. 

BRAUN, A., 1846b. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: C. Lehman (ed.) - Plantae Preissianae sive enumeratio plantarum 

quas in Australasia occidentali et meridionali-occidentali annus 1838-1841 collegit Ludovicus Preiss, 

partim ab aliis partim a se ipso determinatis descriptas illustratas. vol. 2. pp. 145-148. Meissner, 

Hamburg. VI + 499 pp. [Same as A. Braun 1843a] [Key] [C. heterophylla, C. Lhotzkyi, C. gelatinosa, 

C. macropogon, C. Preissii, N. congesta, C. australis, C. plebeja]. 

BRAUN, A., 1847a. Chara Kokeilii, eine neue deutsche Art, beschrieben von Alexander Braun, 

Pr<strong>of</strong>essor der Botanik in Freiburg in Breisgau. Flora 30: 17-29. [Chara kokeilii n. spec., N. capillaris, 

N. opaca, N. flexilis, N. gracilis, C. foetida, C. hispida, C. tomentosa, C. aspera]

BRAUN, A., 1847b. Übersicht der Schweizerischen Characeen. Ein Beitrag zur Flora der Schweiz. 

Neue Denkschriften der Schweizerische Gesellschaft der Naturwissenschaften 10: 1-23. [8 Nitella, 10 

Chara, 3 Tolypella species]. 

BRAUN, A., 1849a. Charae Australes et Antarticae, or characters and observations on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> 

<strong>of</strong> Australia and <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn circumpolar regions. Hooker's Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany and Kew Garden 

Miscellany 1: 193-203. [Nitella microphylla n. spec. Nitella subtilissima n. spec., N. gloeostachys n. 

spec., N. penicillata n. spec., N. biformis n. spec., N. leptostachys n. spec., N. Hookeri n. spec., N. 

antarctica n. spec., C. Drummondii, C. Hooker, C. australis, C. Preissii, N. gelatinosa, N. Lhotzkyi, N. 

heterophylla, N. congesta, Lamp. macropogon]. 

BRAUN, A., 1849b. <strong>Characeae</strong> Indiae orientalis et insularum Maris Pacifici or characters and 

observations on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> East Indian continent, Ceylon, Sunda Islands, Marians and 

Sandwich Islands. Hooker's Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany 1: 292-301. [Nitella 

Roxburghii n. spec., Nitella flagelliformis, n. spec., Nitella byssoides n. spec., N. acuminata, C. 

coronata, C. flaccida, C. hydropitys, C. brachypus, C. polyphylla, C. corallina, C. foetida]. 

BRAUN, A., 1852a. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: D.F.L. von Schlechtendal - Plantae Muellerianae. Linnaea 25: 

704-709. [Nitella Stuartii n. spec., Nitella Sonderi n. spec., Nitella cristata n. spec., N. tasmanica n. 

spec., C. myriophylla n. spec., C. gymnopitys n. spec., N. Gunnii, N. gelatinosa, N. aemula, C. 

contraria, C. Hookeri, C. scoparia, C. fragilis, Lamp. macropogon]. 

BRAUN, A., 1852b. Über die Richtungsverhältnisse der Saftströme in der Zellen der Characeen. 

Monatsberichte der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1852: [english translation as: 

Braun 1853b] 

BRAUN, A., 1853a. Über die Richtungsverhältnisse der Saftströme in der Zellen der Characeen. 

Fortsetzung und Schluss. Monatsberichte der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 

1853: 45-76. [english translation as: Braun 1853b] 

BRAUN, A., 1853b. On <strong>the</strong> nucleus <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. Annals and Magazine <strong>of</strong> Natural History, 2 nd 

ser. 7: 297-302. [german text as: Braun, 1852 & 1853a] 

BRAUN, A., 1857. Über Par<strong>the</strong>nogenesis bei Pflanzen. Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der 

Wissenschaften zu Berlin für das Jahr 1856: 311-376, 1 pl. [C. canescens (as C. crinita) & 13 Chara, 4 

Nitella, 3 Lamprothamnium species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. nidifica] 

BRAUN, A., 1858. Characeen aus Columbien, Guyana und Mittelamerika. Monatsbericht der 

Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin vom Juni 1858: 349-368. [Nitella cernua n. 

spec., Nitella Gollmeriana n. spec., Nitella subglomerata n. spec., Nitella axillaris n. spec., Nitella 

microcarpa n. spec., N. oligospira n. spec., N. gracilis, C. hydropitys, C. zeylanica (as C. polyphylla), 

C. sejuncta, C. inconstans]. 

BRAUN, A., 1860. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: J.D. Hooker - The botany The antarctic voyage <strong>of</strong> H.M. discovery 

ships Erebus and Terror in <strong>the</strong> years 1839-1843, under <strong>the</strong> command <strong>of</strong> Captain Sir James Clark Ross. 

Part III. Flora Tasmaniae. Vol. II. Monocotyledones and Acotyledones. pp. 159-160. Lovell Reeve, 

London. 422 pp. Reprint 1963, Cramer, Weinheim. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 159-160, 376: 6 Nitella, 7 Chara 

species, Lamp. macropogon (as C. macropogon)]. 

BRAUN, A., 1866. Characeen. In: G. von Martens - Die Tange. In: Die Preussische Expedition nach 

Ost-Asien. Nach amtlichen Quellen. Botanische Theil. Anhang, p. 143. Verlag der königlichen 

geheimen Ober-H<strong>of</strong>buchdruckerei, Berlin. 152 pp., 8 pl. [N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. polyglochin, C. 

ceylanica]. 

BRAUN, A., 1867a. Conspectus systematicus Characearum europaearum. (Beilage zum dritten heft 

von Rabenhorst’s <strong>Characeae</strong> Exsiccatae). Dresden. 8 pp. [Chara intermedia n.spec., 14 Nitella, 4 

Tolypella (as Nitella subsp. Tolypella), 26 Chara, 2 Lamprothamnium (as Chara) species, Lychn. 

barbatus (as Chara), Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara stelligera)]. 

BRAUN, A., 1867b. Die Characeen Afrika's. Monatsbericht der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie 

der Wissenschaften zu Berlin vom Dezember 1867: 782-800. [Continued in Braun 1868]. [Key] 

[african species in Tabelle I: 9 Nitella species (+ 12 "subspecies"), Tol. nidifica (+ 2 "subspecies"), 11 

Chara species (+ 14 "subspecies"), Lamp. papulosum (as alopecuroides); european species in Tabelle 

II: 5 Nitella species (+ 9 "subspecies"), Tol. nidifica (+ 3 "subspecies"), Lychn. barbatus, Lamp. 

papulosum (as alopecuroides) (+ 1 "subspecies"), Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara stelligera), 11 Chara 

species (+ 15 "subspecies")] 

BRAUN, A., 1867c. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: G.A. Schweinfurth - Beiträge zur Flora Aethiopiens. Erste 

Ab<strong>the</strong>ilung. pp. 228-230. Georg Reimer, Berlin. XII & 311 pp., 4 pl. [also specimens from Egypt] [N. 

mucronata, N. gracilis, N. hyalina, C. braunii (as coronata), C. canescens (as crinita), C. gymnophylla, 

C. vulgaris (as foetida), C. connivens, C. fragilis, C. gymnopus, C. brachypus]

BRAUN, A., 1867d. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: J.D. Hooker - Handbook <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> New Zealand Flora: a systematic 

description <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> native plants <strong>of</strong> New Zealand and <strong>the</strong> Chatham, Kermadec's, Lord Auckland's, 

Campbell's, and Macquarrie's Islands. (Part 2). p. 549-550. Reeve & Co., London. LXVIII + 798 pp. 

Part 1 (1864): pp. LXVIII & 1-392; part 2 (1867): pp. 393-798. [Nitella interrupta n. spec., N. hyalina, 

N. hookeri, C. foetida, C. contraria]. 

BRAUN, A., 1868. Die Characeen Afrika's, Fortsetzung. Monatsbericht der Königlichen Preussischen 

Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin vom Dezember 1867: 873-944. [first part as Braun 1867b] 

[Both parts reprinted and repaged: 782-872, issued in 1868]. [description <strong>of</strong> african taxa] [18 Nitella, 2 

Tolypella, 24 Chara species, Lamp. papulosum (as alopecuroides)] 

BRAUN, A., 1871. Über den endlich durch Pr<strong>of</strong>. de Bary in Halle entdeckten Befruchtungsvorgang 

der Characeen. Ges. Naturf. Freunde 1871: 59-60. 

BRAUN, A., 1876a. Ueber die Characeenflora der Mark Brandenburg. Verhandlungen der Botanische 

Ver. Brandenburg, Sitzungsberichte 18: 42-44. 

BRAUN, A., 1876b. Characeen (Armleuchter-Gewächse). In: F. Cohn (ed.) - Kryptogamen-Flora von 

Schlesien. Erster Band. Gefäss-Kryptogamen, bearbeitet von Dr. K. Gustav Stenzel. Laub- und 

Lebermoose, bearbeitet von K. Gustav Limpricht. Characeen, bearbeitet von Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Dr. Alexander 

Braun. pp. 353-411. J.U. Kern's Verlag, Breslau. XII & 471 pp. [Key] [9 Nitella, 2 Tolypella, 15 Chara 

species, Lychn. barbatus, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara stelliger)] 

BRAUN, A., 1881. <strong>Characeae</strong> Australianae hactenus cognitae. In: F. von Mueller - Fragmentorum 

Phytographiae Australiae, indices plantarum acotyldonorum complectens. Supplementum ad Vol. XI. pp. 

43-44. Guberni Coloniae Victoria, J. Ferres, Melbourne. 132 pp. Reprint 1974: A. Asher & Co., 

Amsterdam. [9 Chara, 18 Nitella species, Lamp. macropogon (as Chara)] 

BRAUN, G., 1905. Der Okul- und Kort-See bei Allenstein. Berichte des Fischerei-Vereins in der 

Provinz Ostpreussen 29: 7-8. 

BRAUN, M. & SIEVERS, A., 1993. Centrifugation causes adaptation <strong>of</strong> micr<strong>of</strong>ilaments: studies on 

transport <strong>of</strong> statoliths in gravity sensing Chara rhizoids. Protoplasma 174: 50-61. 

BRAUN-BLANQUET, J., ROUSSINE, N. & NEGRE, R., 1952. Les groupements végétaux de la 

France Méditerranéenne. Centre National des Recherches Scientifique, Paris. 279 pp. [C. crinita, C. 

aspera]. 

BRAUN-BLANQUET, J., 1928. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde. Biologische 

Studienbücher VII. Julius Springer, Berlin. X + 330 pp., 168 figs. [N. flexilis in Nitella flexilis- 

Assoziation] 

BRAUN-BLANQUET, J., 1932. Plant sociology. The study <strong>of</strong> plant communities. Translated, revised 

and edited by G.D. Fuller & H.S. Conard. McGraw-Hill, New York. XVIII + 439 pp., 180 figs. [N. 

flexilis in Nitella flexilis-Assoziation] 

BRAUN-BLANQUET, J., 1951. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde. ed. 2. Springer 

Verlag, Wien. XI + 631 pp., 350 figs. [C. canescens (as crinita), Charetum hispidae, N. flexilis in 

Nitella flexilis-Assoziation] 

BRAUN-BLANQUET, J., 1964. Pflanzensoziologie. Grundzüge der Vegetationskunde. ed. 3. Springer 

Verlag, Wien. XVI + 865 pp., 442 figs. [C. canescens (as crinita), Charetum hispidae, N. flexilis in 

Nitella flexilis-Assoziation] 

BRAY, P.P., 1972. Factors affecting <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> some phryganeaeid (Trichoptera) in Malham 

Tarn, Yorkshire. Freshwater Biology 1(2): 149-158. [C. delicatula]. 

BRÉBISSON, A. de - see: DE BRÉBISSON, A. 

BRECHIGNAC, F. & LUCAS, W.J., 1987. Photorespiration and internal CO 2 acuumulation in Chara 

corallina as inferred from <strong>the</strong> influence <strong>of</strong> DIC and O2 on photosyn<strong>the</strong>sis. Plant Physiology 83: 163- 

169. [C. corallina (C. australis)] 

BREKELMANS, F., 1999. Standplaatsoecologie van Nitella translucens. Nieuwsbrief Kranswieren 6: 

10-11. [Dutch] [N. translucens] 

BRENNER, M., 1886. Floristik Handbok, innefattande i Finland vildt växande samt förvildade och 

allmännare odlade fröväxter och högre sporväxter för läroverken in Finland utarbetad. G.W. Edlunds 

förlag, Helsingfors. (4) + 260 pp. [Swedish][<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 44, 233-235: C. fragilis, C. horrida, C. 

baltica, C. hispida, C. tomentosa, C. canescens (as crinita), N. flexilis, N. opaca, N. wahlbergiana, N. 

gracilis, N. hyalina, N. batrachosperma] 

BRENNER, P., GELDMACHER, G., SCHROEDER, R., 1974. Ostrakoden und Alter der Plattenkalke 

von Rubies (Sierra de Monsech, Prov. Lérida, NE-Spanien). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und 

Paläeontologie 1974: 513-524. [Paleobotany] 

BRENNER, P., 1976. Ostracoden und Charophyten des spanischen Wealden (Systematik, Oekologie, 

Stratigraphie, Palaeogeographie). Palaeontographica Abt. A 152: 113-201. [Paleobotany]

BRESINSKA, L., 1970. Ramienice i roslinnosc naczyniowa poludniowo-zachodniej czesci jeziora 

Goplo. (Charophyta und Gefässpflanzen aus dem südwestlichen Teil des Goplo-Sees). Notatki 

przyrodnicze 4: 1-5. [Polish] 

BREUER, R. & FEIST, M., 1986. Biostratigraphisch bedeutsame Charophyten aus dem Alttertiär von 

Erdölfeldern des Oberrheingrabens. Newsletter Stratigraphy 16: 139-147. [Paleobotany] 

BREUER, R., 1988. Zur taxonomischen Gliederung der Familie Porocharaceae (Charophyta). 

Paläontologie 2-62: 3-10. [Paleobotany] 

BRICK, C., 1883. Bericht über die vom 22. August bis 3. Oktober 1882 im Kreise Tuchel 

abgehaltenen Excursionen. Bericht des Westpreussischen Botanisch-Zoologischen Vereins zu Danzig, 

Kulm und Dt. Eylau 6: 32-41; Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig, N.F. 6: 32-41. 

BRICK, C., 1885. Bericht über die vom 5. August bis 16. September im Kreise Tuchel ausgeführten 

Excursionen. Bericht des Westpreussischen Botanisch-Zoologischen Vereins zu Danzig, Kulm und Dt. 

Eylau 8: 15-63; Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig, N.F. 8: 15-63. 

BRIGGS, G.E., 1967. Electro-osmosis in Nitella. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Royal Society London, ser. B, 

Biological Sciences 168: 22-26. 

BRIGGS, S.V., 1981. Freshwater wetlands. In: R.H. GROVES (ed.) - Australian vegetation. pp. 335- 

360, figs. 15.1-15.8. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. XV + 449 pp., figs., maps. [C. 

australis, C. muelleri (as baueri)] 

BRINDLEY, H.M., 1989. Sodium fluxes in perfused Chara corallina cells. In: J. Dainty, M.I.. 

DeMichelis, E. Marré & F. Rasi-Caldogno (eds.) - Plant membrane transport: <strong>the</strong> current position. pp. 

67-68. Elsevier, Amsterdam-New York-Oxford. [C. corallina (C. australis)] 

BRITTON, N.L. & MILLSPAUGH, C.F., 1920. The Bahama flora. see: HOWE, M.A. 1920. 

BRITTON, N.L., 1884. On <strong>the</strong> composition and distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> flora <strong>of</strong> New Jersey. Bot. Gaz. 9: 

156. 

BRITTON, N.L., 1918. Flora <strong>of</strong> Bermuda (illustrated). see: HOWE, M.A. 1918. 

BROCK, M.A. & CASANOVA, M.T., 1991. Plant survival in temporary waters: a comparison <strong>of</strong> 

charophytes and angiosperms. Verhandlungen der <strong>International</strong>e Vereinigung für <strong>the</strong>oretische und 

angewandte Limnologie 24: 2668-2672. [C. corallina, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, Lamp. papulosum] 

BROCK, M.A. & LANE, J.A.K., 1983. The aquatic macrophyte flora <strong>of</strong> saline wetlands in Western 

Australia in relation to salinity and permanence. Hydrobiologia 105: 63-76. [Lamp. papulosum] 

BROCK, M.A. & SHIEL, R.J., 1983. The composition <strong>of</strong> aquatic communities in saline wetlands <strong>of</strong> 

Western Australia. Hydrobiologia 105: 77-84. [Lamp. papulosum] 

BROCK, M.A., 1981. The ecology <strong>of</strong> halophytes in <strong>the</strong> south-east <strong>of</strong> South Australia. Hydrobiologia 

81: 23-32, fig. 3.1-3.4 (2 maps). [Lamp. papulosum, C. vulgaris]. 

BROCK, M.A., 1994. Aquatic vegetation <strong>of</strong> inland wetlands. In: GROVES, R.H. (ed.), 1994. 

Australian vegetation. ed. 2. pp. 437-466, 3 figs. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. XVIII + 562 

pp., figs., maps. [Lamp. papulosum] 

BROCKMAN-JEROSCH, M., 1910. Tabellarische Zusammenstellung der fossilen Phanerogamenflora 

(nebst Characeen) der Dryastone und einiger verwandter Vorkommnisse. In: H. Brockman-Jerosch - 

Die fossilen Pflanzenreste des glacialen Delta bei Kaltbrunn. Jahrb. St. Gallischen Nat. Ges. 1908- 

1909: 161-180. [C. contraria cf., C. hispida cf., N. flexilis cf.] 

BROCKMANN-JEROSCH, H. & RÜBEL, E., 1912. Die Einteilung der Pflanzengesellschaften nach 

ökologisch-physiognomischen Gesichtspunkten. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. VI + 72 pp., 1 fig. 

[Characetum in Submersiprata] 

BROCKMÜLLER, H.J.H., 1863. Beiträge zur Kryptogamenflora Mecklenburgs. Archiv des Vereins 

der Freunde der Naturgeschichte in Mecklenburg 17: 162-256. [C. tenuispina] 

BROKENSHIRE, F.A., TAYLOR, R. & WRIGT, F.R.E., 1932. The North Devon plant list, containing 

Phænogamia : Filices : Equisetaceæ Lycopodiaceæ and Charophyta. A.E. Barnes, Barnstaple. 32 pp. 

[Charophyta p. 28: C. fragilis, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. vulgaris, Tol. glomerata, N. opaca]. 

BRONGNIART, A., 1810. Sur les terrains qui paroissent avoir été formés sous l'eau douce. Annales 

Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle 15: 357-405. [Paleobotany] 

BRONGNIART, A.T., 1822. Sur la classification et la distribution des végétaux fossiles en général, et 

sur ceux des terrains de sédiment supérieur en particulier. Mémoires Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle 8: 

91, 203-348, 6 pl. [Paleobotany] [Chara pp. 320-322, pl. 17: Chara medicaginula nom. nov., Chara 

helicteres sp. nov., Chara Lemani sp. nov.] 

BRONGNIART, A.T., 1828a. Observations générales sur la végétation qui couvrait la surface de la 

Terre aux diverses époques de la formation de son écorce. Annales des sciences Naturelle 15: 225-258. 

[Paleobotany]

BRONGNIART, A.T., 1828b. Prodrome d'une histoire des végétaux fossiles. Paris. [p. 71: C. 

medicaginula, C. lemai, C. helicteres, C. tuberculosa, C. hispida] 

BRONGNIART, A.T., 1837, 1838. Considérations sur la nature des végétaux qui ont couvert la 

surface de la Terre aux diverses époques de sa formation. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences 

de Paris. Mémoire V: 403-415 ; XVI (1838): 397-423. [Paleobotany] 

BRONGNIART, A.T., 1849. Exposition chronologique des périodes de végétation et des flores 

diverses qui ses sont succédé à la surface de la Terre. Annales des sciences Naturelle, 3ème Série, Bot. 


BRONNIMANN, P., 1955. Micr<strong>of</strong>ossils incertae sedis from <strong>the</strong> Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous 

<strong>of</strong> Cuba. Micropaleontology 1: 28-51. [Paleobotany] 

BROOKER, M.P. & EDWARDS, R.W., 1973. Effects <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> herbicide paraquat on <strong>the</strong> ecology <strong>of</strong> a 

reservoir. I. Botanical and chemical aspects. Freshwater Biology 3: 157-175, 7 figs. [C. globularis]. 

BROOKER, M.P. & EDWARDS, R.W., 1975. Aquatic herbicides and <strong>the</strong> control <strong>of</strong> water weeds. 

Water <strong>Research</strong> 9: 1-15. 

BROOKS, M.M., 1927. Studies on <strong>the</strong> permeability <strong>of</strong> living cells. VIII The effects <strong>of</strong> chloride upon 

<strong>the</strong> penetration <strong>of</strong> dahlia into Nitella. Protoplasma 11: 420-427. 

BROOKS, S.C. & GELFAN, S., 1928. Bioelectric potentials in Nitella. Protoplasma 5: 86-96. 

BROOKS, S.C., 1939. Ion exchanges in accumulation and loss <strong>of</strong> certain ions by <strong>the</strong> living 

protoplasma <strong>of</strong> Nitella. Journal Cell. Comp. Physiol. 14: 383-401. 

BROUWER, E., 2000. Herstelbeheer in vennen; is er aparte aandacht voor kranswieren nodig? 

Nieuwsbrief Kranswieren 7: 12-14. [Dutch] [N. translucens, N. flexilis, N. capillaris, C. globularis, 

Tol. intricata] 

BROWN, D.E., RYAN, T.E. & BARR, C.E., 1973. The effect <strong>of</strong> light and darkness in relation to 

external pH on calculated H + fluxes in Nitella. In: W.P. Anderson (ed.) - Ion transport in plants. 

Proceedings <strong>of</strong> an international meeting, Liverpool, July 1972. pp. 141-152. Academic Press, London- 

New York. 

BROWN, E., 1863. The flora <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> district surrounding Tutbury and Burton-on-Trent. See: 

MOSLEY,O., 1863. 

BROWN, J.M.A. (ed.), 1979. The Nelson Lakes and <strong>the</strong>ir aquatic weeds. D.S.I.R. Information Series 

No. 142. Wellington. 32pp., 2 maps. [C. corallina, N. flexilis, N. hookeri, N. hyalina, N. 

pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata]. 

BROWN, R., 1810. Prodromus Florae Novea Hollandiae et Insulae Van-Diemen, exhibens characteres 

plantarum quas annis 1802-1805 per oras utriusque insulae collegit et descripsit Robertus Brown ; 

insertis passim aliis speciebus auctori hucusque cognitis, seu evulgatis, seu ineditis praesertim 

Banksianis, in primo itinere navarchi Cook detectis. Vol. I. Richard Taylor, London. VIII + pp. 145- 

592. (Reprint 1960, Weinheim & New York). [p. 346: Chara congesta n. spec., Chara australis n. 

spec.] 

BROWN, R.W., 1946. Alterations in some fossil and living floras. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Washington 

Academy <strong>of</strong> Sciences 36: 344. [Paleobotany] 

BROWN, R.W. 1962. Paleocene flora <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Rocky Mountains and Great Plains. Geological Survey 

Pr<strong>of</strong>essional Papers 375: 1-119. [Paleobotany] 

BROWN, S.O., 1938. Relation between light and <strong>the</strong> electric polarity <strong>of</strong> Chara. Plant Physiology 13: 

713-736. 

BRUCKNER, W. & PIA, J. 1935. Characeenreste im unteren Teil der Zementsteinschichten (Oberer 

Malm) der Griesstock-Decke am Klausenpass (Kt-Uni). Eclogae Geol. Helvetiae 28: 115-121. 

[Paleobotany] 

BRUGMANS, S.J., 1819. Elenchus plantarum quae in Horto Lugduno-Batavo coluntur. Lugduni 

Batavorum. [p. 35: Chara vulgaris]. 

BRUIN, C.J.W., 1986. Kranswieren (Charophyta) op Texel. (Charophyta on <strong>the</strong> island <strong>of</strong> Texel). 

Gorteria 13: 11-19, 3 figs. (9 distribution maps). [Dutch, english sumamry]. [C. canescens, C. 

contraria, C. baltica, C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. globularis, C. delicatula, N. opaca, Tol. 

glomerata]. 

BRUIN, C.J.W., 1988. Nieuwe vondsten van Nitella opaca Agardh op Texel. (New findings <strong>of</strong> Nitella 

opaca Agardh on <strong>the</strong> island <strong>of</strong> Texel). Gorteria 14: 96-98. [Dutch, english summary] [N. flexilis]. 

BRUIN, C.J.W., 1989. Over een duinvalleivegetatie met Kammos (Ctenidium molluscum 

(Hedw.)Mitt.), een nieuwe soort voor het waddendistrict. (A dune-slack vegetation with Ctenedium 

molluscum (Hedw.) Mitt., a new species for <strong>the</strong> Wadden District). Gorteria 15: 131-140. [Dutch, 

english summary] [C. major in Schoeno-Juncetum subnodolosi vegetation].

BRUIN, C.J.W., 1997. Over herkenning, voorkomen en oecologie van Weegbree- fonteinkruid 

(Potamogeton coloratus Hornem.) in Nederland (On <strong>the</strong> identification, occurrence and ecology <strong>of</strong> Fen 

pondweed (Potamogeton coloratus Hornem.) in <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands). Gorteria 23: 49-69. [Dutch, english 

summary] [C. aspera, C. globularis, C. contraria, C. delicatula, C. major, C. vulgaris]. 

BRUIN, C.J.W., 2002. Een bijzondere Fonteinkruid-vondst op Texel: Stuckenia filiformis (Pers.) 

Börner (Draadfonteinkruid) nieuw voor Nederland. (A remarkable Pondweed-find on <strong>the</strong> isle <strong>of</strong> Texel: 

Stuckenia filiformis (Pers.) Börner, new to <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands). Gorteria 28: 25-31, 1 fig. [Dutch, english 

summary] [C. aspera, C. hispida, C. globularis, C. contraria] 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P, BREKELMANS, F. & TEEUWEN, T., 1999. De watervegetatie in het 

Roukespeelven, 1994-1998. (Watervegetation in <strong>the</strong> Roukespeelven, 1994-1998). Natuurhistorisch 

Maandblad 88: 63-69, 4 figs. (2 maps). [Dutch, english summary] [C. globularis, C. major, N. flexilis, 

N. translucens] 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P. & NAT, E., 1996. Kranswieren in Limburg, een voorlopig overzicht. 

Natuurhistorisch Maandblad 85: 155-160, 5 figs. (1 distribution map). [Dutch, english summary] [C. 

aculeolata, C. major, C. contraria, C. globularis, C. vulgaris, N. capillaris, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, N. 

opaca, N. translucens]. 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., KRAUSE, W., NAT, E. & VAN RAAM, J.C., 1998. Determinatietabel voor 

kranswieren in de Benelux. Stichting Jeugdbondsuitgeverij, Utrecht. 102 pp., 9 + 48 figs., 28 pl., 30 

distribution maps. [Dutch] [Key] [12 Chara, 10 Nitella, 3 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., MES, R., & DE WIT, Y., 1995. Klein boomglanswier op Voorne. Natura 92: 

124-125, 1 fig. [Dutch] [C. vulgaris, C. major, C. aspera, Tol. glomerata]. 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., 1993. Een kranswierenwerkgroep in Noord-Brabant. Natura 90: 16-18, 3 figs. (1 

distribution map). [Dutch] [C. major, C. globularis, C. aspera, C. vulgaris, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, N. 

capillaris, N. translucens, Tol. intricata]. 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., 1994. Het voorkomen van Najas minor All. (Klein Nimfkruid) in het Eindhovens 

Kanaal in 1993. (The occurrence <strong>of</strong> Najas minor All. in <strong>the</strong> Eindhoven kanaal in 1992 and 1993). 

Gorteria 20: 18-27, 1 fig. [Dutch, english summary] [N. flexilis, N. mucronata, C. globularis]. 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., 1995. Een kranswieren-excursie op Ameland. Twirre 6: 6-8, 2 figs., 7 

distribution maps. [Dutch] [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. globularis, C. major, C. vulgaris, C. canescens]. 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., 1996. Herziene vondstmelding kranswier Ameland. Twirre 7: 19. [Dutch] 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., 1998a. Recente kranswiervondsten in Noord-Brabant. In: J.C. van Raam (ed.) - 

Handboek Kranswieren. pp. 33-36, fig. 12. Chara boek, Hilversum. 229 pp., 38 (7 maps, 5 

distribution maps) + 122 figs., 27 pl., 41 distribution maps. [Dutch] [C. aspera, C. connivens, C. 

contraria, C. globularis, C. major, C. vulgaris, N. capillaris, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, N. tenuissima, N. 

translucens, Tol. glomerata, Tol. intricata, Tol. prolifera]. 

BRUINSMA, H.J.P., 1998b. Kranswieren in stromend water. In: J.C. van Raam (ed.) - Handboek 

Kranswieren. pp. 66-69. Chara boek, Hilversum. 229 pp., 38 (7 maps, 5 distribution maps) + 122 

figs., 27 pl., 41 distribution maps. [Dutch] [10 Chara, 6 Nitella species, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

BRUINSMA, J. & BREKELMANS, F., 2002. Watervegetaties ten zuidwesten van Weert. Enige 

floristische en fysisch-chemische notities. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad 91: 24-29, 7 figs. (1 map). 

[Dutch, english summary] [N. tenuissima, N. flexilis, C. hispida (as major), C. vulgaris, C. globularis] 

BRUINSMA, J. & VAN RAAM, J., 2005. Een wereld aan kranswieren. Het Aquarium 75: 285-287, 3 

figs. [Dutch] [N. mucronata, N. hyalina, Tol. prolifera, C. aspera] 

BRUINSMA, J. & WOUTERS, J., 2001. Kranswieren (Chara sp.) in het Torfbroek (Kampenhout, 

Vlaams Brabant). Dumortiera 78: 11-15. [Dutch] [C. aspera, C. globularis, C. virgata (as globularis 

var.), C. hispida (as major), C. contraria, C. vulgaris] 

BRUINSMA, J., HOSPERS, A. & HOSPERS, M., 2000. Some charophytes records in Sneznik 

Regional Park. Acta Biologica Slovenica 44: 71-77, 1 map. [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. globularis, C. 

vulgaris, C. gymnophylla, N. opaca]. 

BRUINSMA, J., 2000. Distribution (1986-1999) <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> in <strong>the</strong> Dutch province North Brabant. 

In: H.R. Preisig & E. Robbrecht (eds.) - Fresh water algae. Taxonomy, biogeography and 

conservation. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> a symposium in honour <strong>of</strong> Pierre Compère, held in November 1999. 

Systematics and Geography <strong>of</strong> Plants 70: 421-427, 2 figs. (1 map, 1 distribution map). [7 Chara, 7 

Nitella, 3 Tolypella species] 

BRUINSMA, J., 2001. Doorschijnend glanswier in de Blaugorzen, eerste vondst in Fryslân. Twirre 12: 

112-113, 1 fig. [Dutch] [N. translucens, N. flexilis] 

BRUINSMA, J., 2003. A report <strong>of</strong> aquatic plants (including <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>) and aquatic vegetation 

found at 33 locations in Ireland, summer 1999. Irish Naturalist Journal 27: 198-207. [C. aculeolata, C.

aspera, C. contraria, C. curta, C. globularis, C. hispida, C. rudis, C. virgata, C. vulgaris, N. flexilis, N. 

opaca, Tol. glomerata] 

BRUINSMA, J., 2004. Kranswierwaarnemingen uit kalksteengroeven in Zuid-Limburg. 

Natuurhistorisch Maandblad 93: 296-297, 1 fig. [Dutch] [C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. globularis] 

BRUMANS, H., 1662. Index stirpium quae prope Zuollem in Transisalania nascuntur. G. Tydeman, 

Zuollae. [p. 8: Equisetum etc. "Chara vulgaris"] 

BRUNEL, A. & BRUNEL-CAPELLE, G., 1947. Sur l'importance biologique des uréides glyoxyliques 

chez les vivants. I: l'allantoine et l'acide allantoique chez les végétaux. Extr. Bull. Soc. Biol. 29: 427- 

444. 

BRUNELLI, G. & MALDURA, C., 1929. Osservazioni sul lago di Pergusa. Boll. Pesca Piscicolt. e 

Idrobiol. 5: 595-604. 

BRUNET, M., JEHENNEY & RINGEADE, M., 1977. Note préliminaire concernant la découverte 

d'une faune et d'une flore du niveau de Ronzon dans l'Oligocène inférieur du Bassin d'Aquitaine. 

Geobios 10: 109-112. [Paleobotany] 

BRUNKER, J.P., 1950. Flora <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> County Wicklow, flowering plants, higher cryptogams and 

<strong>Characeae</strong>. Dundalgan Press (W. Tempest), Dundalk. XII + 310 pp., 1 map. [Charophyta pp. 40, 48, 

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Chesapeake Bay. Ecological Monographs 70: 645-667. 

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BRYANT, J.A. see also: MOORE, J.A. 

BRYANT, J.A. & STEWART, N.F., 2002. Order Charales. In: D.M. JOHN, N.A. WHITTON & A.J. 

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freshwater and terrestrial Algae. pp. 593-612, pl. 146-154. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 

XII + 702 pp., 2 figs., 154 pl., 2 maps, 1 CD. [Key] [15 Chara, 9 Nitella, 4 Tolypella species, Lamp. 

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Chara rhizoids. Studies in a reduced gravitational field during parabolic flights <strong>of</strong> rockets. Protoplasma 

165: 121-126. 

BUCHNER, J.A., 1818. Über die chemische Beschaffenheit der Chara hispida und Chara vulgaris. 

Nova Acta Physico Medica Academiae Leopoldino-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum 9: 349-376. [C. 

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BUDDE, H., 1932. Die Algenflora westfälischer Salinen und Salzgewässer (1. Teil). Archiv für 

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BUDDE, H., 1942. Die Algenflora Westfalens und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Decheniana, B 101: 

131-214, pl. 1-18. 

BUDER, J., 1961. Der Geotropismus des Characeenrhizoide. Berichte der Deutsche Botanische 

Gesellschaft 74: 14-23. 

BUDO, V. & SKOFLEX, I., 1964. Pflanzenreste im tataer Süsswasserkalkkomplex. Archaeologia 

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cernua, N. subglomerata, N. gollmeriana, N. translucens, N. furcata, N. mucronata (as subsp. <strong>of</strong> 

furcata), N. flagellifera (as subsp. <strong>of</strong> furcata), N. acuminata). 

BUENO, N.C., BICUDO, C.E.de M., PICELLI-VICENTIM, M.M. & ISHII, I.H., 1996. <strong>Characeae</strong> 

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Pantanal area <strong>of</strong> Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil.). Hoehnea 23: 21-31. [Portuguese, english 

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BUHOT, E.W.T., 1927. Effects on mosquito larvae <strong>of</strong> a Queensland Nitella. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Royal 

Society <strong>of</strong> Queensland, n.s. 38: 59-61. [N. phauloteles].

BUISSON, G. & GRAMBAST, L., 1965. Sur la découverte de Charophytes oligocènes à la base du 

continental terminal de la région d'El Biod (Tinrhert, feuille au 1/500000 Hassi-Inifel, Sahara algérien). 

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BUKUROV, D.B., 1971. See: BABIC, N. & PARABUCSKI, S.,1971. 

BULJAN, M., 1942. Fizioloska istrozivanja Lranidbe parozina (Chara). Tiskara Merkantile (Jutrisa i 

Sedmak), Zagreb. 

BULJAN, M., 1949. Quelques investigations physiologiques sur la nutrition de Chara. Développemant 

et fonctions des rhizoides de Chara. Acta Botanica Universitatis Zagrebensis 12/13: 239-264. 

BULLE, J., MARTIN, J. & ROLLET, M., 1965. Découverte de niveaux à Characées à la base des 

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BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1898. Some new <strong>Characeae</strong> records. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and 

Foreign 36: 182-184. 

BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1901. New <strong>Characeae</strong> records. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 

39: 101-102. 

BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1902. <strong>Characeae</strong> from County Monaghan. Irish Naturalist 11: 141-146. 

BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1917. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Fanad, East Donegal. Irish Naturalist 26: 1-5. 

BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1918. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Rosses, West Donegal. Irish Naturalist 27: 

7-10. 

BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1919. A new Nitella. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 57: 1-2, pl. 

551; Irish Naturalist 28: 1-3, pl. 1. [Nitella spanioclema n. spec.] 

BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1920. Some Charophyte notes, 1919. Irish Naturalist 29: 55-58. 

BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1922. Notes on Charophytes. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 

60: 148-149. 

BUMBY, M.J., 1977. Changes in submerged macrophytes in Green Lake, Wisconsin from 1921-1971. 

Transactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Wisconsin Academy <strong>of</strong> Science 65: 120-151. 

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collections. Polish Botanical Studies, Guidebook Series No. 21. Polish Academy <strong>of</strong> Sciences, W. 

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taxa in 5 polish institutions] 

BURCZYK, J., 1980. Sporopollenina w scianie komorkowej roslin wyzszych. (Sporopollenine in <strong>the</strong> 

cell wall <strong>of</strong> vascular plants). Wiadomosci botaniczne 24: 249-268. [Polish] 

BURKILL, I.H., 1899. Notes on plants collected in <strong>the</strong> Aconcagua valleys by Philip Gosse. In: E.A. 

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BURNE, R.V., BAULD, J. & DE DECKER, P., 1980. Saline lake Charophytes and <strong>the</strong>ir geological 

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BURNETT, J.H., 1964. The vegetation <strong>of</strong> Scotland. See: D.H.N. SPENCE, 1964. 

BURNHAM, S.H. & LATHAM, R.A., 1923. The flora <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> town <strong>of</strong> Southhold, Long Island, and 

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BURROWS, C.J., 1974. Plant macr<strong>of</strong>ossils from late-Devonian deposits at Nant Ffrancon, 

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l'Académie Polonaise des Sciences et des Lettres, Série B 2:61-97, pl. 2. 

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BURSCHE, E.-M., 1953. Wasserpflanzen. Kleine Botanik der Wassergewächse. 2 e Aufl. Neumann 

Verlag, Radebeul und Berlin. 116 pp., figs. 

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BUTCHER, R.W., 1933. Studies in <strong>the</strong> ecology <strong>of</strong> rivers. I. On <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> macrophytic 

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crescentium; cum praefatione F. H<strong>of</strong>fmanni ... De methodo compendiosa plantarum vires et virtues in 

medendo indagandi. Halae,. 342 + (10) pp., 2 pl. 

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CABALLERO, A., 1919. La Chara foetida y las larvas de Stegomyia, Culex y Anopheles. Bol. Real 

Soc. Españ. Hist. Nat. 19: 449-455. [Spanish] [C. foetida] 

CABALLERO, A., 1921. La especies del genero Chara y las larvas de los Mosquitos. Anales del 

Instituto General y Técnico de Valencia No. 10. [Spanish] [C. foetida, C. hispida]. 

CABALLERO, A., 1922a. Nuevos datos respecto de la accion de la Chara en las larvas de los 

Mosquitos. Bol. Real Soc. Española Hist. Nat. 22: 61-64. [Spanish]. 

CABALLERO, A., 1922b. Otras especies larvicidas del genero Chara. Bol. Real Soc. Española Hist. 

Nat. 22: 418-421. [Spanish] [C. contraria, C. hispida]. 

CABALLERO, S., 1924. Datos carológicos. Bol. Real Soc. Española Hist. Nat. 24: 247-251. 

CÁCERES, E.J. & COCUCCI, A.E., 1975. Granos en los chloroplastos de Charophyta. Kurtziana 8: 

142-143, 1 fig.. [Spanish] [C. vulgaris]. 

CÁCERES, E.J. & GARCIA, A., 1989. Nitella hyalina (DC.) Ag. (<strong>Characeae</strong>, Charophyta) in 

Argentina. Nova Hedwigia 48: 383-390, 19 figs. [C. rusbyana, C. globularis, C. contraria, C. 

longifolia, Nitellopsis bulbilifera, N. hyalina, N. opaca, N. clavata]. 

CÁCERES, E.J., 1973. El hallazgo de Chara kokeiliï en Argentina. Kurtziana 7: 181-186. [Spanish, 

english summary] [C. kokeilii] 

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charologiques. Bull. Soc. Et. Sci. Anjou 4: 31-43. 

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Bretagne 37: 193-211, 1 map. [N. capillaris, Tol. hispanica, Tol. glomerata, Tol. nidifica, Nitellopsis 

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CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1965. Sur une révision récente de la systématique chez les 

Charophycées. Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 1964: 57-78. [13 Chara, 9 

Nitella, 7 Tolypella species]. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1967a. Nouvelles observations sur Chara fragifera Durieux 

(Charophycées). Interprétations taxinomiques. Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 

1966: 49-57, 1 pl., 1 map. [C. fragifera, C. globularis, C. aspera, C. connivens]. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1967b. Évolution de la flore et de la végétation d'un étang 

asséché (Chaumont-d'Anjou, Maine-et-Loire). Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 

1965: 69-80, 2 pl. (maps). [C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. contraria, C. aspera, N. translucens, N. 

mucronata, N. hyalina]. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1969a. Les Charophycées de la Brenne. Bulletin de la 

Société Botanique de France 116: 81-102, 1 pl, 5 distribution maps. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1969b. Révision systématique des Charophycées des 

collections Marcel Piron. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 44: 105-110. [9 Nitella, 6 

Chara species, Tol. prolifera, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1971. Notes phytogéographiques sur les Charophycées 

d'Egypte. Revue Algologique, n.s. 10: 177-191, 7 distribution maps. [C. tomentosa, C. vulgaris, C. 

inconnexa, C. baltica, C. canescens, C. zeylanica, C. hispida]. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1972a. Recherches sur les Charophycées d'Afrique 

occidentale. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne, h.s. 47: 1-169, 23 photos, 25 distribution 

maps, 17 pl. also: Traveaux et Mémoires du Laboratoire de Biologie Végétale et de Phytogéographie 

d'Angers 25. [see also: R. Corillion, 1972 and R. Corillion & M. Guerlesquin, 1972b]. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1972b. Étude des unités systématiques. In: R. Corillion & 

M. Guerlesquin - Recherches sur les Charophycées d'Afrique occidentale. Bulletin de la Société 

Scientifique de Bretagne, h.s. 47: 9-96, 8 pl. [Key] [N. claviformis n. spec., C. braunii, C. fibrosa, C. 

vulgaris, C. aspera, C. globularis, C. setosa, C. zeylanica, N. acuminata, N. dualis, N. furcata (incl. N. 

mucronata), N. tenuissima, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. translucens]. 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1972c. Nitella claviformis sp. nov., nouvelle espèce du 

genre Nitella (Charophycées). Bulletin de la Société d'Études Scientifique de l'Anjou, N.S. 8: 125-131, 

2 pl. [Nitella claviformis n. spec.] 

CORILLION, R. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1973. Remarques sur les Characées d'Afrique intertropicale. 

Verhandlungen der <strong>International</strong>e Vereinigung für <strong>the</strong>oretische und angewandte Limnologie 18: 1380- 

1384. [C. zeylanica, C. fibrosa, N. furcata, N. acuminata, N. sieberi, N. mucronata].

CORILLION, R., GILLET, C. & GUERLESQUIN, M., 1959. Critères cytologiques, anatomiques et 

écologiques en faveur du maintien d'un genre Charopsis chez les Charophycées. Bulletin de la Société 

Scientifique de Bretagne 34: 65-73, 3 figs. [C. braunii, C. fragifera, N. translucens, N. syncarpa, N. 

flexilis, N. hyalina, N. batrachosperma, N. mucronata]. 

CORILLION, R., 1942. Notes algologiques. Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 

1942-1943: 87-90. 

CORILLION, R., 1944. Les Algues du Bassin hydrographique de la Mayenne. Bulletin de la Société 

Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 1944: 13-17. 

CORILLION, R., 1945. Notes sur quelques Charophycées. Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, 

Laval année 1945: 89-90. 

CORILLION, R., 1946a. Nitella hyalina (DC.) Agardh: notes sur sa biologie et sa distribution 

géographique. Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 1946: 73-87. 

CORILLION, R., 1946b. Contribution à l'étude des Charophycées du Massif armoricain. Bulletin de la 

Société Scientifique de Bretagne 21: 77-96, 1 map. [11 Chara, 10 Nitella, 3 Toypella species, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum] 

CORILLION, R., 1947. Addition á la flore charologique de l'Ouest de la France. Bulletin de la Societé 

Botanique de France 94: 43-46. [N. flexilis, N. mucronata, N. gracilis, N. hyalina, N syncarpa, N. 

tenuissima, C. foetida, C. fragilis, C. aspera, C. polyacantha, C. major]. 

CORILLION, R., 1948. Addition à la flore charologique de l'ouest de la France (II). Bulletin de la 

Société Botanique de France 95: 121-124. [7 Nitella, 9 Chara species, Tol. glomerata] 

CORILLION, R., 1949a. Les associations de Charophycées de lÒuest et du Nord-Ouest de la France 

(Géographie botanique). Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris 228: 596-598. 

CORILLION, R., 1949b. Sur la présence du Nitella capillaris (Krocker)Groves dans le Massif de 

Neouvielle (Htes Pyrénéees). Bulletin de la Societé Botanique de France 96: 240-241. [N. capillaris] 

CORILLION, R., 1949c. Les associations végétales du Bas-Maine armoricain (associations de 

Charophycées). Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 1948: 66-73. 

CORILLION, R., 1950a. Nitella batrachosperma Braun. Notes systématiques, phytogéographiques et 

phytosociologique. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 25: 99-109. 

CORILLION, R., 1950b. L'association à Chara sp. pl. et Tolypella glomerata Leonh. (Chareto- 

Tolypelletum glomeratae R. Corill.) des eaux alcalino-saumâtres de la baie d'Audierne (Finistère). 

Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris 230: 123-124. [Tol. glomerata, C. 

major, C. aspera, C. polyacantha, C. canescens, C. vulgaris, C. fragilis]. 

CORILLION, R., 1950c. 3 e Addition à la flore charologique de l'Ouest de la France (localités 

nouvelles). Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 97: 4-5. [N. brebissonii, C. fragifera, C. 

canescens, Tol. golmerata, Lamp. papulosum]. 

CORILLION, R., 1950d. Les associations végétales des étangs du Bas-Maine armoricain (suite). 

Associations de Charophycées, I, 1 re partie. Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 

1949: 1-8. 

CORILLION, R., 1951. Sur la répartition géographique armoricaine des Charophytes. Communication 

de la 76ème Congrès des Sociétés Savantes 1951, Rennes: 207-215, 4 distribution maps. [13 Chara, 10 

Nitella, 2 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamprothamnium papulosum] 

CORILLION, R., 1952a. Lamprothamnium papulosum J. Groves. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique 

de Bretagne 28: 33-41. 

CORILLION, R., 1952b. Chara baltica Fries. Charophycée nouvelle pour la Nord-Ouest de la France. 

Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 28: 42-44. 

CORILLION, R., 1952c. Chara fragifera Durieu: notes phytogéographiques, écologiques, 

phytosociologiques. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 27: 45-54. 

CORILLION, R., 1952d. Nitellopsis stelligera Hy, charophycée nouvelle pour la péninsule bretonne. 

Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 27: 65-68. 

CORILLION, R., 1952e. Sur la présence du Chara fragifera Durieu en Afrique intertropicale. Bulletin 

de la Société Botanique de France 99: 45. [C. fragifera] 

CORILLION, R., 1952f. Chara galioides De Cand., ses localités françaises et leur répartition 

géeographique. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 99: 318-320. [C. galioides, lamp. 

papulosum]. 

CORILLION, R., 1953a. Inventaire général des Charophycées du Bas- Maine armoricaine. Bulletin de 

la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 1953: 54-59. 

CORILLION, R., 1953b. IVème addition à la flore charologique du Nord-Ouest de la France. Bulletin 

de la Société Botanique de France 100: 68-70.

CORILLION, R., 1953f. Phanerogames et Cryptogames intéressant ou nouvelles pour l'Anjou (1 re 

liste). 2. Charophycées. Bull. Soc. Et. Sc. Angers 1953; 37-41. 

CORILLION, R., 1957. Les Charophycées de France et d'Europe Occidentale. Bulletin de la Société 

Scientifique de Bretagne 32, fasc. h.s. 1 & 2. also: Traveaux du Laboratoire de Botanique de la Faculté des 

Sciences d'Angers, fasc. 11 & 12. Reprint 1972, Otto Koeltz Verlag, Koenigstein. [key]. 

CORILLION, R., 1958. Sur la répartition géographique des Charophycées vivantes. C. R. Séanc. Soc. 

Biogéogr. Paris 299/301: 122-156 et Atlas de Biogéographie (Id.). 

CORILLION, R., 1960a. Sur la présence et la signification de formes à cortication incomplète du 

Chara contraria Kützing dans l'Est armoricain. Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 

1960: 49-60, 2 pl. [C. contraria, C. denudata, C. dissoluta, C. filiformis]. 

CORILLION, R., 1960b. Tolypella salina sp. nov., Charophycée nouvelle des marais de Croix-de-Vie 

(Vendée). Revue Algologique, n. s. 5: 198-207. [Tolypella salina sp. n.] 

CORILLION, R., 1961a. Les stations à Tolypella hispanica Nordstedt du territoire francais. Revue 

Algologique, n. s. 6: 33-37. 

CORILLION, R., 1961b. Tolypella prolifera von Leonhardt., Charophycée nouvelle pour la peninsule 

ibérique. Rev. Algologique, nlle série 6: 129-133. 

CORILLION, R., 1961c. Les végétations précoces de Charophycéees d'Espagne meridionale et du 

Maroc occidentale. Revue générale de Botanique 68: 317-331, 1 pl. [Tol. hispanica, Tol. glomerata, 

Tol. prolifera, Lamp. papulosum, N. opaca, C. mauretanica, C. baltica, C. vulgaris, C. aspera, C. 

rabenhorstii, C. crassicaulis, C. oedophylla, C. galioides, C. connivens]. 

CORILLION, R., 1962a. Nouvelle contribution à l'étude des Charophycées de la peninsule ibérique et 

du Maroc occidental. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 37: 65-80. 

CORILLION, R., 1962b. Chara aculeolata Kütz. - Interprétation et subdivision de l'espèce. 

Distribution geographique. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 37: 211-222, 2 pl. [C. 

aculeolata, C. intermedia, C. polyacantha]. 

CORILLION, R., 1966. Observations tératologiques sur Chara globularis Thuill. (charophycées). 

Bulletin de la Société Mayenne-Sciences, Laval année 1965: 54-68, 4 figs., 4 pl. [C. globularis] 

CORILLION, R., 1968a. Morphologie et interprétation du cortex pleuridien chez les charophycées. 

Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 43: 97-104, 1 fig. [C. contraria, C. imperfecta]. 

CORILLION, R., 1968b. Observations phytogéographiques sur quelques charophycées de la flore 

africano-malgache. I. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 43: 105-114, 1 map. [C. 

inconnexa, C. connivens, C. aspera, C. zeylanica, C. sejuncta, C. inconstans, C. braunii, C. fibrosa, C. 

delicatula, N. acuminata, N. mucronata, N. furcata, N. leptoclada]. 

CORILLION, R., 1969a. Charophycées. In: Encyclopaedia Universalis. vol. 4: 183-185. 

CORILLION, R., 1969b. Les Charophycéees armoricaines et leur milieu. Bulletin de la Société 

Phycologique de France no's 13-14. [14 Chara, 10 Nitella, 3 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, 

Lamp. papulosum]. 

CORILLION, R., 1972. Phytogéographie et aspects généraux de l'écologie. In: R. Corillion & M. 

Guerlesquin - Recherches sur les Charophycées d'Afrique occidentale. Bulletin de la Société 

Scientifique de Bretagne, h.s. 47: 97-123, 22 distribution maps. [C. fibrosa, C. vulgaris, C. setosa, C. 

braunii, C. globularis, C. zeylanica, C. aspera, N. dualis, N. claviformis, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. 

acuminata, N. translucens, N. mucronata, N. furcata, N. tenuissima, N. gracilis]. 

CORILLION, R., 1973. Aspects généraux de la distribution géographique des Characées Africanomalgaches. 

Comptes rendus de la Société Biogéographique 49 (431): 64-81, 12 distribution maps 

[maps for: C. tomentosa, C. baltica, C. aspera, C. canescens, C. galioides, C. squamosa, C. zeylanica, 

C. diaphana, C. globularis, C. leptosperma, C. fibrosa, N. acuminata, N. capitulifera, Lamp. 

macropogon]. 

CORILLION, R., 1975a. Flore des Charophytes (Characées) du Massif Armoricain et des contrées 

voisines d'Europe occidentale. Flore et Végétation du Massif Armoricain Tome IV. Jouve Éditeurs, 

Paris. 216 pp., 1 fig., 17 pl., 18 distribution maps. [Key] [15 Chara, 11 Nitella, 7 Tolypella species, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. barbatus]. 

CORILLION, R., 1975b. Les Characées du Nord de lÀfrique: distribution, éléments floristiques. 

Abstr. XIIème Congr. Intern. Bot., Leningrad 1975, 2: 556. 

CORILLION, R., 1975c. Nitella spanioclema J.Gr. et B.-W., Charophycée nouvelle pour le territoire 

francais. Bull. Soc. May.-Sci. 1972/1975: 102-105. 

CORILLION, R., 1975d. Les taxons de la sous-section Hartmannia R. D.W. (Characées) dans le Nord- 

Ouest de la France. Bull. Soc. May.-Sci. 1972/1975: 106-129.

CORILLION, R., 1977. Contribution à l'étude des Characées de Tunisie et bilan actuel de la flore 

charologique tunisienne. Bulletin de la Société Phycologique de France 22: 47-59, 10 distribution 

maps. [17 Chara, 3 Tolypella species, Lamp. papulosum]. 

CORILLION, R., 1980. Nouvelles observations sur le dynamisme de la végétation dans les milieux 

aquatiques et tourbeux de létang de Malaguet. Mémoire de la Société d’Etudes Scientifiques de 

l’Anjou 4: 119-132, 3 maps. [C. vulgaris]. 

CORILLION, R., 1982. Les Characées des îles Kerguelen (Terres australes et antartiques françaises). 

Bulletin de la Société des Etudes Scientifique Anjou, n.s. 11: 47-64. [C. fibrosa, N. hookeri, Tol. 

antartica]. 

CORILLION, R., 1984. Charophycées. In: Encyclopaedia Universalis, 2ème édit. pp. 676-678. 

CORILLION, R., 1985. Réflexions sur les modifications récentes de la flore des Characées du Nord- 

Ouest de la France. Cryptogamie-Algologie 6: 113. 

CORILLION, R., 1986a. L'appauvrissement des végétations de Characées en Anjou. Bull. trimestr. 

Soc. Et. Sci. Anjou 66: 7-11. 

CORILLION, R., 1986b. Les Characées de la palud de Treguennec (Finistère) et leur végétation. 

Evolution récente et état actuel (1985). Bull. Soc. Et. Sci. Anjou 12: 71-91. 

CORILLION, R., 1986c. Régressions floristiques dans le Bas-Maine: le cas des algues characées. Bull. 

Soc. May.-Sci. 1982/84: 69-83. 

CORNU, M., 1870. Sur quelques Characées de la Sologne. Bull. Soc. Bot. de France 17: 302-303. 

CORTI, B., 1774. Osservazioni microscopiche sulla Tremella e sulla circolazione del fluido in una 

pianta acquajuola (Chara). G. Rocchi, Lucca. 207 pp., 3 pl. [Chara pp. 125-200, pl. 3] 

COSSON, E. & GERMAIN DE SAINT-PIERRE, E., 1859. Synopsis analytique de la flore des 

environs de Paris destinée aux herborisations, contenant le description des familles et des genres, celle 

des espèces et des variétés, sous la forme analytique avec leur synonymie et leurs noms français 

l'indication des propriétés des plantes employées en médicine, dans l'industrie ou dans l'économie 

domestique et une table des noms vulgaires. Victor Masson, Paris. XLVIII + 581 pp. [Key] 

[Characées pp. 528-534: C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. foetida, C. hispida, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Nitella 

stelligera), Tol. intricata, Tol. glomerata (Tolypella as Nitella), N. translucens, N. flexilis (as N. 

Brongniartiana), N. syncarpa, N. opaca, N. tenuissima, N. gracilis, N. mucronata] 

COSSON, E. & GERMAIN DE SAINT-PIERRE, E., 1861. Flore des environs de Paris ou description 

des plantes qui croissent spontanément dans cette région et de celles qui y sont généralement cultivées. 

éd. 2. Victor Masson et fils, Paris. LIV + 961 pp., 1 map. [Characées pp. LII & 886-898: Chara 4, 

Nitella 7, Tolypella (as Nitella) 2 species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Nitella stelligera)]. 

COSSON, E. & GERMAIN DE SAINT-PIERRE, E., 1876. Flore des environs de Paris ou description 

des plantes qui croissent spontanément dans cette région et de celles qui y sont généralement cultivées. 

éd. 3. Paris. [Characées pp. 586-593] 

COSSON, E. & GERMAIN DE SAINT-PIERRE, E., 1882. Atlas de la flore des environs de Paris, ou 

illustrations de toutes espèces des genres difficiles et de la plupart des plantes litigieuses de cette 

région, avec des notes descriptives et un texte explicatif en regard. ed. 2. Masson, Paris. XIII + (94) 

pp., 47 pl. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pl. 41-47] 

COSSON, E. & GERMAIN, E., 1845a. Flore descriptive et analytique des environs de Paris ou 

description des plantes qui croissent spontanément dans cette région et de celles qui y sont 

généralement cultivées accompagnée de tableaux analytique des familles, des genres et des espèces. 

Fortin, Masson et C ie , Paris. LII + 732 pp. 1 map. [Key] [Characées pp. L, 678-684: C. hispida, C. 

foetida, C. fragilis, C. aspera, Tol. glomerata (as Nitella), Nitellopsis obtusa (as Nitella stelligera), N. 

syncarpa, N. translucens, N. flexilis (as N. Brongniartiana), N. mucronata, N. gracilis, N. tenuissima] 

COSSON, E. & GERMAIN, E., 1845b. Atlas de la flore des environs de Paris, ou illustrations de 

toutes espèces des genres difficiles et de la plupart des plantes litigieuses de cette région, avec des 

notes descriptives et un texte explicatif en regard. Fortin, Masson et C ie , Paris. XVI pp., 41 pl. [Chara 

pl. 37-41: C. foetida, C. hispida, N. syncarpa, N. translucens, N. mucronata, N. gracilis, N. tenuissima, 

Nitellopsis obtusa (as Nitella stelligera), Tol. glomerata (as Nitella)] 

COSSON, E. & GERMAIN, E., 1845c. Synopsis analytique de la flore des environs de Paris ou 

description abrégée de familles et des genres accompagnée de tableaux dichotomiques destinés a faire 

parvenir aisément au nom des espèces. Fortin, Masson et C ie , Paris. XXXI + 275 pp. [Key] [Characées 

pp. 260-261: C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. foetida, N. translucens, N. syncarpa, N. mucronata, 

N. gracilis, N. tenuissima (Nitella as Chara), Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara stelligera), Tol. glomerata (as 

Chara)] 

COSSON, E., GERMAIN, E. & WEDDELL, A., 1842. Introduction a une flore analytique et 

descriptive des environs de Paris, suivi d'un catalogue raisonné des plantes vasculaires de cette région.

Fortin, Masson et C ie , Paris. 163 pp. [Characées pp. 151-153: Chara Brongniartiana n. spec. (is N. 

flexilis), N. translucens, N. syncarpa, N. mucronata, N. gracilis, N. tenuissima (Nitella as Chara), 

Nitellopsis obtusa (as Chara stelligera), Tol. glomerata (as Chara), C. foetida, C. hispida, C. fragilis, C. 

aspera] 

COSTA, O.G., 1855. Sulla Gyrogona medicaginula di Lamarck. Rendico Reale Accad. Sci. Napoli 


COSTEN, R.A., 1961. Control <strong>of</strong> Chara kiniera, control <strong>of</strong> Potamogeton foliosus. <strong>Research</strong> Reports <strong>of</strong> 

<strong>the</strong> national Weed Committee eastern Section Canada 6. 105 pp. 

COSTER, H.G.L. & HOPE, A.B., 1968. Ionic relations <strong>of</strong> cells <strong>of</strong> Chara australis. XI. Chloride fluxes. 

Australian Journal <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences 21: 243-254, 3 figs. [C. australis] 

COSTER, H.G.L. & KAPLIN, L.J., 1973. The effect <strong>of</strong> pH on <strong>the</strong> OsO4 revealed structure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

plasma membrane <strong>of</strong> Chara corallina. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 330: 141-146, 3 figs., 2 pl. [C. 

corallina (is C. australis)] 

COSTER, H.G.L., CHILCOTT, T.C. & OGATA, K., 1985. Fluctuations in <strong>the</strong> electrical properties <strong>of</strong> 

Chara and <strong>the</strong> spatial structure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> electro-chemical characteristics. In: W.J. Lucas & J.A. Berry 

(eds.) - Inorganic carbon uptake by aquatic photosyn<strong>the</strong>tic organisms. pp. 255-269, 9 figs. American 

Society <strong>of</strong> Plant Physiologists, Rockville, MD. XVI + 494 pp., figs. [C. corallina (C. australis)] 

COSTER, H.G.L., GEORGE, E.P. & RENDLE, V., 1974. Potentials at a solution-cytoplasm interface 

in Chara corallina during rest and excitation. Australian Journal <strong>of</strong> Plant Physiology 1: 459-472. [C. 

corallina (C. australis)] 

COSTER, H.G.L., 1966. Chloride in cells <strong>of</strong> Chara australis. Australian Journal <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences 

19: 545-554, 6 figs. [C. australis] 

COSTIN, J., 1975. The Charales. In: D. Barker et al. - Ostracods, land plants and Charales from <strong>the</strong> 

basal Purbeck Beds <strong>of</strong> Portesham Quarry, Dorset. Palaeontology 18: 423-427, pl. 57. [Paleobotany] 

COTÉ, R., THAIN, J.F. & FENSOM, D.S., 1987. Increase in electrical resistance <strong>of</strong> plasmodesmata <strong>of</strong> 

Chara induced by an applied pressure gradient across nodes. Canadian Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 65: 509-511. 

COTTAM, C., 1939. Food habits <strong>of</strong> North American diving ducks. Technical Bulletins <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> U.S. 

Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture 643: 1-140. 

COUFFON, O., 1909. Les grès à Sabalites Andegav- en Anjou. Bulletin de la Société d'Etudes des 

Sciences à Angers, 1908. 9-28. [Paleobotany] 

COVICH, N.P. & TSUKUDA, M., 1969. Electron microscopy <strong>of</strong> replica's from ultrasonicated Chara 

oosporangial walls. Botanical Magazine Tokyo 82: 162-170, 3 pl. [C. zeylanica]. 

COVILLE, F.V., 1893. Botany <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Death Valley expedition. A report on <strong>the</strong> botany <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

expedition sent out in 1891 by <strong>the</strong> U.S. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture to make a biological study <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

region <strong>of</strong> Death Valley, California. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture, Contributions from <strong>the</strong> U.S. Natioanal 

Herbarium, Washington Vol. IV. VIII + 364 pp., 22 pl., 1 map. [<strong>Characeae</strong> (det. T.F. Allen) pp. 231, 

238, 242, 259: C. altaica, C. foetida] 

COWAN, R.A. & DUCKER, S.C., 2007. A history <strong>of</strong> systematic phycology in Australia. In: 

MCCARTHY, P.M. & ORCHARD, A.E. (eds.) - Algae <strong>of</strong> Australia: Introduction. pp. 1-65. ABRS, 

Canberra; CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. XV + 727 pp., 85 figs., 61 pl. 

COWIE, I.D., SHORT, P.S. & OSTERKAMP MADSEN, M., 2000. Floodplain flora; A flora <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

coastal floodplains <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Territory, Australia. Flora <strong>of</strong> Australia Supplemantary Series no. 

10. ABRS, Canberra/PWCNT, Darwin. XVI + 382 pp., 89 figs., 54 pl., 2 maps. 

CRAM, W .J., 1973. Chloride transport in vesicles. Implications <strong>of</strong> colchicine on Cl influx in Chara 

and Cl exchange kinetics in Maize root tips. In: W.P. Anderson (ed.) - Ion transport in plants. pp. 419- 

430. Academic Press, London-New York. 

CRAWFORD, S.A., 1977. Chemical, physical and biological changes associated with Chara 

succession. Hydrobiologia 55: 209-217, 1 fig. [C. vulgaris] 

CRAWFORD, S.A., 1979. Farm pond restoration using Chara vulgaris vegetation. Hydrobiologia 62: 

17-31, 4 figs. [C. vulgaris] 

CRAWLEY, M., 1988. Catalogue <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Type and figured specimens <strong>of</strong> macr<strong>of</strong>ossil algae in <strong>the</strong> 

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CRAWLEY, M.J., 2005. The flora <strong>of</strong> Berkshire. See: STEWART, N.F., 2005. 

CREMERS, G., 1971. Les Characées de Côte d'Ivoire. Adansonia, sér. 2 11: 661-665. [N. mucronata 

(as N. furcata ssp. mucronata), N. dregeana] 

CRÉPIN, F., 1863. Les Characées de Belgique. Bulletin de la Société royale de botanique de Belgique 

2: 115-131 (reprint pp. 1-21). [Key] [C. hispida, C. foetida, C. contraria, C. fragilis, C. canescens (as

C. crinita), Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera), N. gracilis, N. mucronata, N. translucens, N. flexilis, N. 

opaca, N. capillaris, N. tenuissima, Tol. intricata, Tol. prolifera, Tol. glomerata]. 

CRÉPIN, F., 1866. Manuel de la flore de Belgique. 2 e éd. G. Mayolez, Bruxelles. XLIII + 384 pp. 

[Key] [Characées pp. 373-377: 6 Chara, 7 Nitella, 2 Tolypella (as Nitella) species, Nitellopsis obtusa 

(as C. stelligera)] 

CRÉPIN, F., 1874. Manuel de la flore de Belgique. 3 e éd. G. Mayolez, Bruxelles & C. Desoer, Liége. 

LI + 573 pp., 1 map. [Key] [Characées pp. 553-558: 5 Chara, 7 Nitella, 2 Tolypella (as Nitella) species, 


CRÉPIN, F., 1878. Guide du botaniste en Belgique (plantes vivantes et fossiles). G. Mayolez, 

Bruxelles; J.B. Baillière et fils, Paris. VII + 495 pp., 7 figs. [<strong>Bibliography</strong>] [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 394-396, 

399, 401-402, 405: N. flexilis, N. gracilis, N. translucens, N. capillaris (as capitata), C. hispida, C. 

braunii, Tol. intricata (as Nitella)] 

CRÉPIN, F., 1884. Manuel de la flore de Belgique. 5 e éd. G. Mayolez, Bruxelles & C. Desoer, Liége. 

LVIII + 496 pp., 1 map, 634 figs. [Key] [Characées pp. 466-471, 11 figs.: 6 Chara, 7 Nitella, 2 

Tolypella (as Nitella) species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera)] 

CRESCENTI, U. & VIGHI, L., 1964. Caratteristiche genesi e stratigrafia dei depositi bauxitici 

cretacici del Gargano e delle Murge; cenni sulle argille con pisoliti bauxitiche del Salento (Puglie). 

Bol. Soc. geol. Ital. 83: 285-330. [Paleobotany] 

CRIBB, A.B., 1976. Some algae from Blackdown Tableland. Queensland Naturalist 21: 132-133. [C. 

fibrosa, N. cristata] 

CRIBB, A.B., 1984. Some freshwater algae from <strong>the</strong> Burdekin River area, Queensland. Queensland 

Naturalist 24: 101-109. [N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, C. corallina, C. fibrosa] 

CRIBB, A.B., 1986. Some algae from Kroombit Tops, Queensland. Queensland Naturalist 27: 24-26. 

[N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata] 

CRIBB, A.B., 1987. Some freshwater algae from <strong>the</strong> Jardine River area. Queensland Naturalist 28: 69- 

71. [N. tasmanica] 

CRIBB, A.B., 1988. Filamentous algae. In: G. Scott (ed.) - Lake Broadwater. The natural history <strong>of</strong> an 

inland lake and its environs. pp. 39-43. Darling Downs Institute Press & Lake Broadwater Natural 

History Association. [N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata] 

CRIE, L., 1886. Contribution à l'étude des Palmiers miocènes de la Bretagne. Compte Rendus 

Académie des Sciences de Paris ser. C II: 562-563. [Paleobotany] 

CRIVELLI, G.B., 1840. Storia dei principali lavori fisiologici sulle Chare, e tentativo d'una sinonimia 

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DAILY, F.K., 1948. Nitella capillata A. Br. in North Carolina. Butler University Botanical Studies 8: 

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DAILY, F.K., 1949. Chara Kieneri, a new species from Nebraska. Butler University Botanical Studies 

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Studies 11: 144-148, 2 pl. [Tolypella hispanica var. porteri]. 

DAILY, F.K., 1958. Some observations on <strong>the</strong> occurrence and distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> 

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DAILY, F.K., 1961. Glacial and Post-Glacial Charophytes from New York and Indiana. Butler 

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Torrey Botanical Club 91: 281-283. [C. zeylanica]. 

DAILY, F.K., 1967. Lamprothamnium in America. Journal <strong>of</strong> Phycology 3: 201-207, 1 pl. [Key] 

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<strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 96: 656-660, 20 figs. [Lamp. succinctum, Lamp. macropogon]. 

DAILY, F.K., 1970. Fossil charophytes from South Dakota and Iowa with a review <strong>of</strong> a modern 

species. American Midland Naturalist 84: 365-375, 26 figs., 1 map. [Paleobotany] [C. delicatula, C. 

contraria, C. sejuncta]. 

DAILY, F.K., 1973. Lime-shells <strong>of</strong> Nitellopsis obtusa - fossil and extant affinities. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Torrey Botanical Club 100: 75-78, 5 figs. [Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. hornemannii]. 

DAILY, F.K., 1975. A note concerning calcium carbonate deposits in Charophytes. Phycologia 14: 

331-332. 

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Indiana Academy <strong>of</strong> Sciences 89: 356-358, 5 figs. [Lamp. succinctum, C. hornemannii, C. buckelii, N. 

opaca, N. mirabilis, Nitellopsis bulbillifera]. 

DAILYY, W.A. & DAILY, F.K., 1966. Algae. In: The Indiana Sesquicential Volume, Natural features 

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Biophysica Acta 79: 102-111. 

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DAM, H. van see: VAN DAM, H. 

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(Stoneworts (Charales), key to home species). Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa. 128 

pp. [Polish] 

DAMBSKA, I. & KRASKA, M., 1976. Zbiorowiska roslin naczyniowych w jeziorach koninskich. 

(Communities <strong>of</strong> vascular plants in <strong>the</strong> Konin lakes). Badania hydrobotaniczne jezior podgrzanych w 

okolicy Konina, Uniw. A. Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, seria biol. 6: 25-50. [Polish, english summary] 

DAMBSKA, I. & MICHNA, I., 1967. Ramienice Pojezierza Drawskiego. (<strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Drawsko 

lake district). Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska zachodnia 20: 169-171. [Polish, english summary] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1952. Ramienice okolic Poznania. (The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Poznan area). Acta Societatis 

Botanicorum Poloniae 21: 335-368. [Polish, english summary] [N. flexilis, N. mucronata, N. 

tenuissima, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Tolypellopsis stelligera), Lychn. barbatus, C. aspera, C. tomentosa 

(as C. ceratophylla), C. contraria, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. jubata, C. rudis, 

C. polyacantha, C. tenuispina] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1954. Zielnik ramienic Polski. (Chara<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica). Fasc. I. nr.1-20. Ramienice 

Wielkopolski. (<strong>Characeae</strong> Magnae Poloniae). Polske Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 9 pp. [Polish, latin 

description and names] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1955. Zielnik ramienic Polski. (Chara<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica). Fasc. II. nr. 21-40. Ramienice 

Pomoroze. (<strong>Characeae</strong> Pomerianae). Polske Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 8 pp. [Polish, latin description 

and names] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1957a. Ramienice (<strong>Characeae</strong>) Pojezierza Ilawskiego. Sprawozdania Poznanskiego 

Towarzystwa Przyjaciol Nauk 55: 296-301. [Polish]

DAMBSKA, I., 1957b. Zielnik ramienic Polski. (Chara<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica). Fasc. III. nr. 41-60. Ramienice 

Pojezierza Ilawskiego. Polske Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 8 pp. [Polish, latin description and names] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1958. Zielnik ramienic Polski. (Chara<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica). Fasc. IV. nr. 61-80. Ramienice 

PojezierzaGizyckiego. (<strong>Characeae</strong> Pomerianae). Polske Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 8 pp. [Polish, latin 

description and names] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1959a. Roslinne zbiorowiska jeziorne okolic Sierakowa i Miedzychodu. 

Sprawozdania Poznanskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciol Nauk 57: 182-186. [Polish] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1959b. Nowe stanowiska ramienic (<strong>Characeae</strong>) na Pomorza. (New localities <strong>of</strong> 

stoneworts (<strong>Characeae</strong>) in Pomerania.) Sprawozdania Poznanskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciol Nauk 57: 

186-189. [Polish] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1959c. Ramienice (<strong>Characeae</strong>) okolic Mikolajek. (The stoneworts (<strong>Characeae</strong>) 

collected in <strong>the</strong> vicinity <strong>of</strong> Mikolajki). Fragmenta floristica et geobotanica 5: 487-490. [Polish, english 

summary] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1959d. Zielnik ramienic Polski. (Chara<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica).Fasc. V. nr. 81-100. Ramienic 

Kujaw. Polske Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 7 pp. [Polish, latin description and names] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1960. Zielnik ramienic Polski. (Chara<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica). Fasc. VI. nr. 101-120. 

Ramienice Lubelszczyzny. Polske Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 7 pp. [Polish, latin description and names] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1961a. Roslinne zbiorowiska jeziorne okolic Sierakowa i Miedzychodu. (Plant 

communities <strong>of</strong> lakes in <strong>the</strong> region <strong>of</strong> Sieraów and Miedzychód). Prace Komisji Biologicznej, 

Poznanskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk, Wydzial Matematyczno-Przyrodniczy 23: 3-120. [Polish, 


DAMBSKA, I., 1961b. Charo<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica, Fasc. 7, Nr. 121-140. <strong>Characeae</strong> magnae Poloniae 

meridionalis. Polska Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 8 pp. [Polish and latin] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1962a. Charo<strong>the</strong>ca polonica, Fasc. 8, nr. 141-160. <strong>Characeae</strong> regionis Ziemia 

Lubuska. Polska Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 9 pp. [Polish and latin] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1962b. Intersujaca roslinnosc bagienne i torfowiskowa nad Jeziorem Mniszym (pow. 

Miedzychód). Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska zachodnia 10: 323-324. [Polish] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1963a. Charo<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica, Fasc. 9, Nr. 161-180. <strong>Characeae</strong> regionis Silesia Inferior 

et convallis Kotlina Raciborsko-Oswiecimska dicta. Polska Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 9 pp. [Polish and 

latin] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1963b. Nowe stanowiska ramienic (<strong>Characeae</strong>) w Polsce poludniowo-zachoniej. (New 

stands <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> in north-western Poland). Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska zachodnia 12: 259- 

364. [Polish, english summary] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1964a. Charophyta - Ramienice. Flora Slodkowodna Polski, tom. 13. Polska 

Akademia Nauk, Instytut Botanoki, Warszawa. 126 pp., 56 figs. [Polish] [Key] [16 Chara, 8 Nitella, 2 

Tolypella species,Lychn. barbatus, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1964b. Rzadsze rosliny wodne w Polsce polnocnej. Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska 

zachodnia 14: 191-193. [Polish] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1964c. Zespoly ramienic Polski. (<strong>Characeae</strong> associations in Poland). Sprawozdania 

Poznanskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciol Nauk 1964: 221-222. [Polish] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1964d. Charo<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica, Fasc. 10, Nr. 181-190. Polska Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 

8 pp. [Polish and latin] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1965. Roslinnosc litoralu jezior lobeliowych Pojezierza Kartuskiego. (The littoral 

vegetation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> "Lobelia Lakes" in <strong>the</strong> Kartuzy lake District). Prace Komisji Biologicznej, 

Poznanskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk, Wydzial Matematyczno-Przyrodniczy 30: 1-55. [Polish, 


DAMBSKA, I., 1966a. Ramienice Wielkich Mamr. Sprawozdania Poznanskiego Towarzystwa 

Przyjaciol Nauk 1: 106. [Polish] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1966b. La végétation des "Lobelia lacs" en Pologne. Verhandlungen der <strong>International</strong>e 

Vereinigung für <strong>the</strong>oretische und angewandte Limnologie 16: 1609-1613. 

DAMBSKA, I., 1966c. Zbiorowiska ramienic Polski. (Communities <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> in <strong>the</strong> area <strong>of</strong> 

Poland). Prace Komisji Biologicznej, Poznanskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk, Wydzial 

Matematyczno-Przyrodniczy 31: 135-208, 7 figs. (distribution maps); reprint 76 pp. [Polish, english 

summary] [Charateum aculeolatae ass. nov., Charateum polyacanthae ass. nov., Charetum tenuispinae 

ass. nov.; 10 Chara, 2 Nitella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1966d. Charo<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica, Fasc. 11, Nr. 191-200. <strong>Characeae</strong> regionis "Wysoczyzna 

Bialostocka". Polska Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 6 pp. [Polish and latin] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1967. Charo<strong>the</strong>ca Polonica, Fasc. 12, Nr. 201-210. <strong>Characeae</strong> regionis Wyzyny 

Malopolskiej. Polska Akademia Nauk, Poznan. 6 pp. [Polish and latin]

DAMBSKA, I., 1969. Ramienice kompleksu jezior "Wielkie Mamry". (Les Charophycées d'un groupe 

des lacs nommé "Wielkie Mamry"). Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska zachodnia 22: 151-160. [Polish, 

french summary] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1971. Tolypella glomerata (Desvaux) V. Leonhardi, nowy dla Polski gatunek z 

rodziny <strong>Characeae</strong>. (Tolypella glomerata (Desvaux) V. Leonhardi, espèce nouvelle pour la Pologne). 

Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska zachodnia, Seria B, Biol. 24: 275-279. [Polish, french summary] 

DAMBSKA, I., 1976. Zmiany we florze roslin naczyniowych Jeziora Goslawickiego na przestrzeni 17 

lat, w zwiakzu z uzytkowaniem wod tego jeziora. (Changes in vascular vegetation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Goslawickie 

lake during <strong>the</strong> last 17 years in connection with <strong>the</strong> exploitation <strong>of</strong> its waters). Badania 

hydrobotaniczne jezior podgrzanych w okolicy Konina, Uniw. A. Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, seria biol. 

6: 13-16. [Polish, english summary] 

DAME, L.L. & COLLINS, F.S., 1888. Flora <strong>of</strong> Middlesex county, Massachusetts. Middlesex Institute, 

Malden. 201 pp., 1 map. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 151, 180: N. capillaris (as capitata), N. flexilis, N. acuminata, 

N. gracilis, N. mucronata, N. tenuissima, N. polyglochin, C. braunii (as coronata), C. fragilis, C. 

sejuncta] 

DANGEARD, P.A., 1886. Recherches sur les organismes inférieurs. Annales des Sciences Naturelles 

4: 241-341, pl. 11-13. [Parasites in N. tenuissima & C. polyacantha] 

DANGEARD, P.A., 1889. Mémoire sur les Chytridinées. Le Botaniste 1: 39-84, pl. 2-3. 

DANGEARD, P.A., 1890. Recherches histologiques sur les champignons. Le Botaniste 2: 63-149. 

DANGEARD, P.A., 1925. Limite de la végétation en pr<strong>of</strong>ondeur de quelques plantes submergées du 

Lac d'Annecy. Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences 180: 304-306. [N. flexilis, N. 

syncarpa, C. aspera, C. foetida, C. tomentosa]. 

DANGEARD, P.A., 1933. Traité d'algologie. Introduction à la biologie et à la systématique des algues. 

Encyclopédie biologique t. XI. Lechevalier et Fils, Paris. 441 pp., 381 figs. [Charophycées pp. 208- 

222, fig. 205-220: N. opaca, C. tomentosa, C. fragilis, C. scoparia, C. canescens, C. hispida, C. 

foetida]. 

DANNENBERG, V., 1927. Vorarbeiten zu einer Algenflora des ostbaltischen Gebietes. 

Korrepondenzenblatt Naturforschende Vereins Riga 59: 129-144. 

DANSEREAU, P., 1945. Essai de corrélation sociologique entre les plantes supérieures et les poissons 

de la beine du Lac Saint-Louis. Revue Canadienne de Biologie 4: 369-407. 

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in two charophytes differing in salinity tolerance. Plant, Cell and Environment 19: 721-728. 

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DE BRÉBISSON, A., 1869. Flore de la Normandie. Phanérogames et cryptogames semi-vasculaires. 

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DE HALLER, A. see: HALLER, A. (von) 

DE HUMBOLDT, F.H.A. see: VON HUMBOLDT, F.H.A. 

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1815. 

DE LAMARCK, J.B.A.P. (as De La Mark), 1803. Encyclopédie Méthodique et systématique de trois 

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DE LAMARCK, J.B.A.P., 1789. Encyclopédie Methodique. Botanique, Tome premier. Pancoucke, 

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DE LAMARCK, J.B.A.P., 1804. Suite des mémoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris. Annales du 

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DE LAMARCK, J.B.A.P., 1807. Gyrogonites Medicaginula. Annales Museum Histoires Naturelles 8: 

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DE MUELLER, F., see: VON MUELLER, F. 

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DE SAPORTA, M., 1862. Études sur la végétation du sud-est de la France à lépoque tertiaire. Annales 

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DE VORST, A. 1636. see: VORSTIUS, 1636. 

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Tolypellopsis stelligera, C. hispida, C. foetida, C. fragilis, C. aspera, C. braunii, N. syncarpa, N. 

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DE WILDEMAN, É., 1897. Prodrome de la Flore Algologique des Indes Néerlandais. Jardin 

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Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as Tolypellopsis stelligera)] 

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Brill, Leide. XI + 457 pp., 149 figs. 16 pl. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 372-377, fig. 139-141: C. braunii (as 

coronata), C. zeylanica (as gymnopus), N. acuminata, N. axillaris, N. oligospira, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, 

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DEBSKI, B., 1898. Weitere Beobachtungen an Chara fragilis Desv. Pringsheim Jahrbücher für 

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DEEVEY jr., E.S., GROSS, M.S., HUTCHINSON, G.E. & KRAYBILL, H.L., 1954. The natural C 14 

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espèces cultivées avec leurs noms arabes et de nombreuses déterminations barométriques d'altitude. P. 

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DEKIN, A. & PASSY, A.F., 1814. Florula Bruxellensis seu catalogus plantarum circa Bruxellas 

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DEL AMO Y MORA, M., 1870. Flore cryptogámica, de la Península Ibérica, que contiene la 

descripcion de las plantas acotyledóneas que crecen en España y Portugal, distribuidas segun el méodo 

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DELARBRE, A., 1795. Flore d'Auvergne ou recueil des plantes de cette ci-devant province. B. 

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les montagnes du Puy-de-Dôme, du Mont-d'Or, du Cantal etc. éd. 2. Landriot et Rousset, Riom et 

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photo's, distribution maps. [Charetea fragilis: pp. 20-21, 2 photo's, 2 distribution maps:12 Chara, 8 

Nitella, 2 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus; Potamion: pp. 22-23: C. hispida, N. 

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filaments spermatogènes. Revue de Cytologie et de Biologie végétale 16: 415-467. 

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DELAY, C., 1953. Nombres chromosomiques chez les cryptogames (de 1938 à 1953). Revue de 

Cytologie et de Biologie végétale 14: 59-107. 

DELAY, C., 1958. Action de la colchicine sur le Chara vulgaris L. II. Action sur la croissance et la 

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des observations et de recherches qui ont été faites en Égypte pendant l'expédition de lÁrmée Française 

etc. Vol. 2 Histoire Naturelle. Mémoires Botaniques 4: 49-82. 

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Algal flora <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Potenza River (Marche)). Rivista di Biologia, Rivista di Idrobiologia 9: 201-234, 7 

figs. (1 map). [Italian, english summary] [C. vulgaris] 

DELL' UOMO, A., 1976. Indagini algologiche nel bacino del Laghestel (Trento). Giornale Botanico 

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Düsseldorf 26-28 May 1991. Institut für Botanik der Universität Innsbruck, Insbruck. 193 pp., figs. 

[C. vulgaris] 

DELMAS, M. & DELOFFRE, R., 1962. Un niveau à Algues calcaires au passage Albien-Cénomanien 

en Aquitaine. Micropaléontologie 5: 214-223, 4 pl. [Paleobotany] 

DELOFFRE, R., 1988. Nouvelle taxonomie des Algues dasycladales. Bulletin Centres Res. 

Exploration Production Elf Aquitaine 12: 165-217. [Paleobotany] 

DELROY, L.B., 1974. The food <strong>of</strong> waterfowl (Anatidae) in <strong>the</strong> sou<strong>the</strong>rn Coorong saltwater habitat <strong>of</strong> 

South Australia. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> South Australian Ornithological Association 26: 157-163. [Lamp. 

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sciences naturelles, Sion. 167 pp., 2 figs., 4 photo's. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 21 & 131: N. mucronata, N. 

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DESVAUX, A.N., 1809. Essai sur la géographie-botanique du Haut-Poitou (Département de la 

Vienne). Journal de Botanique (Paris) 2: 290-318. [pp. 313-314: Chara tenuissima n. spec.] 

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DIEKJOBST, H., 1982. Ein neues Vorkommen von Ceratophyllum submersum L. in mittleren Ruhrtal. 

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DIETERICH, C.F., 1775. Pflanzenreich nach dem neuesten Natursystem des königl. Schwedischen 

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DIETRICH, H.A., 1856. Blicke in die Cryptogamenwelt der Ostseeprovinzen. Archiv Naturk. Liv-, 

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muscorum com iconibus et descriptionibus herbarium aliquot novarum. Academiae Caesareo- 

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DILLENIUS, J.J., 1719. Catalogus plantarum sponte circa Gisam nascentium. Cum appendice.. Joh. 

Maximilian à Sande, Franc<strong>of</strong>urti ad Moenam. 256 pp., appendix 12 + 176 + 20 pp. [Hippuris 

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DIXIT, S.C., 1931. Some Charophyta from Salsette. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Indian Botanical Society 10: 205- 

208, 3 figs. [N. acuminata, N. oligospira, N. hyalina, C. fleccida, C. brachypus, C. zeylanica, Lamp. 

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DIXIT, S.C., 1935. The Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Bombay Presidency. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Indian Botanical 

Society 14: 257-263, 2 figs. [Chara pashanii n. spec., N. mucronata, N. furcata, C. corallina, C. 

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DIXIT, S.C., 1942. The Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Bombay Presidency - III. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Indian Botanical 

Society 21: 355-362, 2 figs. [N. acuminata, N. annandalei, N. batrachosperma, N. oligospira, N. 

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FEIST, M., ANADON, P., CABRERA, L., CHOI, S.J., COLOMBO, F. & SAEZ, M., 1994. Upper 

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FEIST, M., GENOT, P. & GRAMBAST-FESSARD, N., 2003. Ancient Dasycladales and Charophyta: 

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FEIST, M., LAKE, R.D. & WOOD, C.J., 1995. Charophytes biostratigraphy <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Purbeck and 

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FICINUS, H. & SCHUBERT, G., 1823. Flora der gegend um Dresden. Abt. II: Kryptogamie. 

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N. flexilis (as Chara)].

FIJALKOWSKI, D., 1959a. Wywlocznik skretolegly (Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC.) na Pojezierzu 

Leczynsko-Wlodawskim. (Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC. im Gebiet der Seeplatte von Leczna- 

Wlodawa (woj. Lublin)). Fragmenta floristica et geobotanica 5: 37-45. [Polish, german summary] 

FIJALKOWSKI, D., 1959b. Szata roslinna jezior Leczycko-Wlodawskich i przylegajacych torfowisk. 

(Plant associations <strong>of</strong> lakes situated between Leczna and Wlodowa and <strong>of</strong> peat-bogs adjacent to <strong>the</strong>se 

lakes). Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sect. B 14: 131-206. [Polish, english 

summary] [C. fragilis, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. intermedia, N. flexilis]. 

FIJALKOWSKI, D., 1961. Zbiorowiska roslinn jeziora "Bartkoów" w województwie lubelskim. (Die 

Pflanzengesellschaften der Bartków-Sees (Woj. Lublin)). Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie- 

Sklodowska, sect. C: biologia 16: 77-89. [Polish, german summary] [C. vulgaris, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

FIJALKOWSKI, D., 1965. Zbiorowiska wodno-torfowiskowe rezerwatu Swierszczkow kolo 

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intermedia]. 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1893. Charafélék (<strong>Characeae</strong> L. Cl. Richard) különös tektintettel a 

Magyarorszagi fajokra. (Die Characeen mit besonderer Rücksicht auf die in Ungarn beobachteten 

Arte). Budapest. 229 pp., 20 figs., 5 pl. [Hungarian, german summary] 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1900. Beiträge zur Algenvegetation des Pieninen-Gebirges auf 

ungarischen Seite. Hedwigia 39: 133-148. 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1923. A `-Chara crinita Wallr. egy új termöhelye hazánkban és a Solt- 

Vadkerti szikes tavak néhány más moszatja. Magyar Tud. Akad. Math. Term. Ért. 40: 1-15, 2 pl. 

[Hungarian] [C. canescens] 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1924a. Újabb adatok a Chara crinita Wallr. mindkét ivarának 

magyarországi elterjedéséhez. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hung. 21: 1-31. [C. canescens (as crinita)] 

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Ungarn. Abh. III. Kl. d. Akad. d. Wiss. Budapest 10: 105-132. [C. canescens (as crinita)] 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1926b. Charafélék Szeged vidékén. Folia Cryptogamica 1 (4): 229-236. 

[Hungarian] [C. braunii (as C. coronata), C. canescens (as C. crinita), C. fragilis, C. tenuispina, N. 


FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1927a. A Magas Tátra alján termö néhány Charaféleröl. (Ueber einige 

Characeen am Fusse der Hohen Tátra). Magyar botanikai Lapok 25: 5-14, 1 pl. [Hungarian, german 

summary] [C. scepusiensis n. spec.] 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1927b. Pótlás "A Magas Tátra alján termö néhány Charaféleröl" cimü 

közleményhez. (Nachtrag zu d. Artikel "Ueber einige Characeen am Fusse der Hohen Tátra"). Magyar 

botanikai Lapok 25: 399-401. [Hungarian and german] [C. foetida] 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1927c. Die Characeen des Kornyi Teiches in der Balatongegend. Arch. 

Balatonicum 1: 388-399. 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1931. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Charenvegetation Kroatien, Slavonien's 

u. einiger anderen Länder der Balkan Halbinsel. Magyar Bot. Lapok (Ungarische Botanische Blätter) 

30: 81-99. 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1932. Charafélék Szeged vidékén. Folia Cryptogamica 1 (9): 1055-1068. 

[Hungarian] [Tol. prolifera, C. connivens, C. braunii (as C. coronata), C. canescens (as C. crinita), C. 

foetida, C. fragilis, C. kokeilii, C. tenuispina]. 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1934b. Die Characeen der Deutschen Limnologischen Sunda- 

Expedition. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement-Band 12. Tropische Binnengewässer, Band 4: 705- 

726, 80 figs., pl. 24. [N. bipartita n. spec., N. pseudograciliformis n. spec., N. sumatrana n. spec., 

Tolypellopsis (Nitellopsis) simplicissima n. spec., C. fulgens n. spec., C. variabilis n. spec., C. braunii 

(as C. coronata), C. brachypus, C. haitensis, N. blowiana]. 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1936. De Characeis Transsilvaniae. Revisio Characearum in 

Transsilvania lectarum et in diversis herbariis inventarum. Folia Cryptogamica 2 (1): 1-8. [Hungarian] 

[C. foetida, C. braunii (as C. coronata), C. gymnophylla, N. capillaris, N. flexilis, N. gracilis, N. opaca, 

N. syncarpa]. 

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1937. Idegenföldi charafélék határozása. (Determinatio characaerum 

exoticarum). Magyar Tudománios Akadémia Matematikai és Természettudományi Értesitöje 

(Ma<strong>the</strong>matischer und Naturwissenschaftlicher Anzeiger der Ungarischen Akademie der 

Wissenschaften) 55: 476-497, 6 pl. [Hungarian, german summary] [Nitella fascicularis n. spec., Nitella 

heterodactyla n. spec., Nitellopsis inflata n. spec., Charina verticilllata n. spec., C. corfuensis, C. 

connivens, C. contraria, C. leptosperma, C. coronatiformis]

FILARSZKY, F. (also as N.), 1941. A Charafélék monográfiájanak kiserlete. Ma<strong>the</strong>matikai és 

termeszetudomanyi közlemények Magyar Tud. Akad. 39: 1-170. [Paleobotany] [Hungarian] [N. 

capillaris, N. verticillata, N. flexilis, Tol. prolifera, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. 

barbatus, C. gymnophylla, C. braunii, C. canescens, C. imperfecta, C. tomentosa, C. contraria, C. 

foetida, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. baltica, C. fragifera, C. crassicaulis, C. connivens, C. 

strigosa] 

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17: 62-77. [C. australis] 

FINDLAY, G.P. & HOPE, A.B., 1964b. Ionic relations <strong>of</strong> cells <strong>of</strong> Chara australis. IX. Analysis <strong>of</strong> 

transient membrane currents. Australian Journal <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences 17: 400-411. [C. australis] 

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FINDLAY, G.P., HOPE, A.B., PITMAN, M.G., SMITH, F.A. & WALKER, N.A.., 1969. Ionic fluxes 

in cells <strong>of</strong> Chara corallina. Biochimica Biophysica Acta 183: 565-576. [C. corallina (C. australis)] 

FINDLAY, G.P., 1959. Studies <strong>of</strong> action potentials in <strong>the</strong> vacuole and cytoplasm <strong>of</strong> Nitella. Australian 

Journal <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences 12: 412-426. [Nitella is C. australis] 

FINDLAY, G.P., 1959. Studies <strong>of</strong> actionpotentials in <strong>the</strong> vacuole and cytoplasma <strong>of</strong> Nitella. Australian 

Journal <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences 12: 412-426. [Nitella is C. australis] 

FINDLAY, G.P., 1961. Voltage-clamp experiments with Nitella. Nature 191: 812-814. [Nitella is C. 

australis] 

FINDLAY, G.P., 1962. Calcium ions and <strong>the</strong> actionpotential in Nitella. Australian Journal <strong>of</strong> 

Biological Sciences 15: 69-82. [Nitella is C. australis] 

FINDLAY, G.P., 1970. Membrane electrical behaviour in Nitellopsis obtusa. Australian Journal <strong>of</strong> 

Biological Sciences 23:1033-1045. [Nitellopsis is C. australis]. 

FIRBAS, P. & AL-SABTI, K., 1995. Cytosystematic studies on <strong>the</strong> Charophyta <strong>of</strong> Slovenia. Arch. 

Bio. Sci. 47: 49-58, 10 figs. (8 distribution maps). [C. aspera n = 14, C. baltica n = 28, C. contraria n = 

14, 28, C. delicatula n = 14, 28, 56, C. rudis n = 28, C. vulgaris n = 14, 28]. 

FISAHN, J. & LUCAS, W.J., 1990. Effects <strong>of</strong> microtubule agents on <strong>the</strong> spatial and electrical 

properties <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plasma membrane in Chara corallina. Planta 182: 506-512. [C. corallina (C. australis)] 

FISAHN, J. & LUCAS, W.J., 1991. Autonomous local area control over membrane transport in Chara 

internodal cells. Plant Physiology 95: 1138-1143. 

FISAHN, J., HANSEN, U.-P. & LUCAS, W.J., 1992. Reaction kinetic model <strong>of</strong> a proposed plasma 

mebrane two-cycle H + -transport system <strong>of</strong> Chara corallina. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> National Academy <strong>of</strong> 

Sciences <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> USA 89: 3261-3265. [C. corallina (C. australis)] 

FISAHN, J., MCCONNAUGHEY, T. & LUCAS, W.J., 1989. Oscillations in extracellular current, 

external pH and membrane potential and conductance in <strong>the</strong> alkaline bands <strong>of</strong> Nitella and Chara. 

Journal <strong>of</strong> Experimental Botany 40: 1185-1193. 

FISAHN, J., MIKSCHL, E. & HANSEN, U.-P., 1986. Seperate oscillations <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> electrogenic pump 

and <strong>of</strong> K + -channel in Nitella as revealed by simultaneous measurements <strong>of</strong> membrane potential and <strong>of</strong> 

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FISAHN, J., WITTMAACK, W., 1985. Quasi- und nicht-lineäre Ansätze: Die Intensiteitsabhägigkeit 

der Zeitkonstanzen in der Lichtwirkung auf den Transport am Plasmalemma von Nitella. Berichte der 

Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 98: 131-141. 

FISCHER, R.A., DAINTY, J. & TYREE, M.T., 1974. A quantitative investigation <strong>of</strong> synplasmic 

transport in Chara corallina. I. Ultrastructure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> nodal complex cell walls. Canadian Journal <strong>of</strong> 

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FISCHER, W., 1974. Ein gesteinerte Characeenreste aus dem tieferen Cyrenenschichten der Unteren 

Bunten Molasse Oberbayerns. Aufschluss 24: 322-329. [Paleobotany] 

FISCHER-PIETTE, E., 1937. Le domaine des eaux continentales. Encyclopédie Française Permanente 

5(52): 1-16. 

FISH, G.R., 1963. Observations on excessive weed growth in two lakes in New Zealand. New Zealand 

Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 1: 410-418, 1 map. [N. hookeri (as N. leonhardii)]. 

FISH, G.R., 1966. Some effects <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> destruction <strong>of</strong> aquatic weeds in Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand. 

Weed <strong>Research</strong> 6: 350-358, 3 figs. (1 map), pl. 22. 

FISH, G.R., 1969. The oxygen content <strong>of</strong> some New Zealand lakes. Verhandlungen der internationale 

Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 17: 392-403, 7 figs. (1 map).

FISH, G.R., 1970. A limnological study <strong>of</strong> four lakes near Rotorua. New Zealand Journal <strong>of</strong> Marine 

and Freshwater <strong>Research</strong> 4: 165-194, 8 figs. (1 map). 

FITZ GERALD, E.A., 1899. The highest Andes etc. see: BURKILL, I.H. 1899. 

FJERDINGSTAD, E., KEMP, K. & FJERDINGSTAD, E., 1975. Trace elements and bacteriological 

investigations in Danish Lobelia-Isoetes lakes. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 76: 137-152. [N. flexilis]. 

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FLECHTNER, G., GARDARSSON, A., GISLASON, G.M. & HALBACH, U., 1982. Ökologische 

Untersuchungen in Thjórsárver, Zentral-Island. Natur und Museum 112: 49-61. [N. opaca]. 

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FLICHE, P., 1883. Etude paléontologique sur les tufs quaternaires de Resson. BSGF. 12: 6-31. 

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differentiation <strong>of</strong> Chara aspera Detharding ex Willdenow and Chara galioides De Candolle under 

different environmental conditions. Cryptogamie, Algologie 27: 435-449, 12 figs. 

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Phytochemistry 13: 2475-2480. 

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Wissenschaftlichen Film, Wien 

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FRAUDE, H., 1907. Grund- und Plankton-Algen der Ostsee. Jahresbericht der Geografische 

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FRIES, E., 1835. Corpus Florarum Provincialium Sueciae.I. Floram Scanicam. Palmblad, Sebell & C., 

Upsaliae. XXIV + clavis + 394 pp. [Chara pp. 158-160: C.vulgaris, C. aspera, C. canescens (as 

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tableaux dichotomiques des plantes qui croissent spontanément en France et de celles qu'on cultive en 

grand, avec l’indication de leurs propriétés et de leurs usages en médecine, en hygiéne vétérinaire, dans 

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Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera), N. gracilis, N. hyalina, N. syncarpa, N. flexilis (Nitella as Chara), 

Tol. glomerata (as Chara)] 

























les arts et dans l’économie domestique. éd. 7. Garnier Frères, Paris. XXIV & 782 pp. 101 pl. [Key] 


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GILLNER, V., 1960. Vegetations- und Standortsuntersuchungen in den Strandwiesen der 

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GIVULESCU, R., 1960. Die fossile Flora Rumäniens. Berichte der geologische Gesellschaft der 

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GLASER, R., 1966. Postmortale Veränderungen der Radioaktivität submerser Wasserpflanzen. 

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GLÖCKLER, E., 2001. Hydrophyten in der Petite Camargue Alsacienne Elsass (Frankreich). Bauhinia 

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GLOVER, R., 1829. The history <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> county <strong>of</strong> Derby: containing geological, mineralogical and 

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GLUKHOVSKAYA, N.B., 1975a. <strong>Characeae</strong> de la série Pavlodar dans le Nord Ouest de la région du 

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GLUKHOVSKAYA, N.B., 1975b. Gyrogonites de la famille des <strong>Characeae</strong> avec un nombre anormal 

de sprirales. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. 224: 691-692. [Paleobotany] 

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paleogene Charophyta from <strong>the</strong> Zaisan basin). Trudy Wsegei, n.s. 204: 11-16. [Paleobotany] [Russian]. 

GLUKHOVSKAYA, N.B., 1984. Novyiy vid kharovikh vodoresley v obaylinskoi svite Zaisanskoi 

depressi. (New species <strong>of</strong> charophyte algae from <strong>the</strong> Obayla svita <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Zaysan depression). In: L.K. 

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GLUZA, J. & WASYLIKOWA, K., 1977. Flora plejstocenu i holocenu w wykopaliskach 

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development <strong>of</strong> an<strong>the</strong>ridia and oogonia in Chara vulgaris L. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 49: 

459-469. 

GODLEWSKI, M. & OLSZEWSKA, M.J., 1973. Comparison <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> duration <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> cell cycle in 

successive generation <strong>of</strong> synchronously dividing an<strong>the</strong>ridial filaments <strong>of</strong> Chara vulgaris L. as measured 

with 3 H thymidine. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 42: 121-131, 2 figs., 2 pl. 

GODLEWSKI, M., 1973. Stimulation effect <strong>of</strong> (2, Chloroethyl)-Trimethylammonium Chloride (CCC) 

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GODLEWSKI, M., 1980. Binding <strong>of</strong> 14 C IAA and <strong>the</strong> effect <strong>of</strong> IAA on <strong>the</strong> syn<strong>the</strong>sis <strong>of</strong> nucleic acids 

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GOEBEL, K., 1918. Zur Organographie der Characeen. Flora, N.F. 10: 344-387, 21 figs. 

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GOLDYN, R., 1975. Zbiorowiska roslinne Jeziora Raczynskiego pod Zaniemyslem. (Plant 

communities <strong>of</strong> Raczynskie Lake near Zaniemysl). Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska zachodnia, Seria 

B, bot. 28: 49-87. [Polish, english summary] 

GOLLERBACH, M.M. & KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1983. (Determination <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> freshwater algae <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

USSR). Vol. 14 - Charophyta. Leningrad. pp. 190, 72 pl. [Russian, latin names and index] [Key] 

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barbatus] 

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in florae URSS notula. Mat. Otdela Spor. Rast. Bot. Inst. im W.L. Komarowa Ak. Nauk SSSR 6: 59- 

65. 

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barbatus] 

GOLLERBAKH, M.M. see: GOLLERBACH, M.M. 

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vulgaris, C. zeylanica]. 

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Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles 13: 67-70. [C. fragilis, N. tenuissima, N. ornithopoda]. 

GONÇALVES DA CUNHA, A., 1943a. Additions a la flore charologique du Portugal II. Bulletin de la 

Société Portugaise des Sciences naturelles 14: 87-91. [N. flexilis, N. translucens, N. gracilis, Tol. 

intricata, C. canescens, C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. connivens, C. fragilis, C. delicatula]. 

GONÇALVES DA CUNHA, A., 1943b. Additions a la flore charologique du Portugal III. Bulletin de 

la Société Portugaise des Sciences naturelles 14: 139-143. [N. translucens, N. gracilis, N. tenuissima, 

N. hyalina, C. vulgaris, C. conimbrigensis, C. contraria, C. connivens, C. fragilis, C. delicatula]. 

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872-874: C. crinita, C. aspera, C. tomentosa, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. foetida, C. braunii (as Nitella 

coronata), N. syncarpa, N. translucens, N. tenuissima, N. gracilis, N. mucronata, N. flexilis, Nitellopsis 

obtusa (as Nitella stelligera), Lamp. papulosum (as Nitella pouzolsii), Tol. intricata (as Nitella 

polysperma), Tol. glomerata (as Nitella)] 

GONZÁLEZ FRAGOSO, R., 1883. Apuntes para la flore de Sevilla. Primera Parta. Anales de la 

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Naturwissenschaftliche Verein Steiermark 107: 67-71. [Paleobotany] 

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+ (60) pp., figs. [Paleobotany] [C. zeylanica, C. braunii, C. vulgaris, N. tenuissima, N. cristata, N. 

flexilis] 

GRAHAM, L.E., DELWICHE, C.F. & MISHLER, B.D., 1991. Phylogenetic connections between <strong>the</strong> 

'green algae' and <strong>the</strong> 'bryophytes'. Advances in Bryology 4: 213-244. 

GRAHAM, L.E., 1993. Origin <strong>of</strong> land plants. John Wiley and Sons, New York. 287 pp., figs., pl. 

GRAHAM, T.P. & PERRY, J.D., 1972. Zonation <strong>of</strong> Chara vulgaris L. by water temperatures in an 

electric power plant cooling lake. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society 88: 188-189. [C. 

vulgaris] 

GRAMBAST, L ., COTILLON, P. & KOGBE, C.A., 1968. L’Eocene du bassin Continental d’Eoulx- 

Brenon (Basses Alpes et Var). Données stratigraphiques nouvelles apportées par l’étude des 

Charophytes. Documents Laboratoire de Géologie, Faculté des Sciences de Lyon 24: 1-5. 

[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & BIGNOT, G., 1969. Sur la position stratigraphique et les Charophytes de la 

formation de Kozina (Slovénie, Yougoslavie). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris 269 

D: 689-692, 1 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & GRAMBAST, N., 1953. Révision de quelques Charophytes tertiaires du Bassin de 

Paris). Compte Rendu Sommaire Société Géologique de France 14: 289-291. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & GRAMBAST, N., 1954a. Sur deux espèces de Charophytes du Bartonien du 

Bassin de Paris. Compte Rendu Sommaire de la Société Géologique de France 4: 95-97. [Paleobotany]

GRAMBAST, L. & GRAMBAST, N., 1954b. Sur quelques charophytes tertiaires du Bassin de Paris et 

leur position systématique. Compte Rendu 8me Congres <strong>International</strong> de Botanique, sect. 3-6: 212- 


GRAMBAST, L. & GRAMBAST, N., 1954c. Sur la position systématique de quelques Charophytes 

tertiaires. Revue Générale de Botanie 61: 665-671. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & GRAMBAST, N., 1955. Les Raskyelloideae, sous-famille fossile des <strong>Characeae</strong>. 

Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences 240: 999-1001. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & GRAMBAST-FESSARD N., 1981. Etude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d'Europe 

Occidentale. III Le genre Gyrogona. Paléobiologie Continentale 12: 1-35, 6 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & GUTIERREZ, G., 1977. Espèces nouvelles de Charophytes du Crétacé Supérieur 

terminal de la province de Cuenca. Paléobiologie Continentale 8: 1-34, 15 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & LACEY, W.S., 1967. Bryophyta and Charophyta. In: The fossil Record. 

Geological Society, London. pp. 211-217. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & LAVOCAT, R., 1959. Sur la présence dans la région du Dra (Sahara Nord- 

Occidental) de couches éocènes datées par les Charophytes. Compte Rendu Sommaire de la Socété 

Géologique de France 6: 153. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & LORCH, J., 1968. Une flore de Charophytes du Crétacé inférieur du Proche- 

Orient. Naturalia Monspeliensia, sér. Botanie 19: 47-56, 6 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & PAUL, P., 1965. Observations nouvelles sur la flore de Charophytes du Stampien 

du bassin de Paris. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 7: 239-247, 2 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & SOULIÉ-MÄRSCHE, I., 1972. Sur l'anciennité et la diversation des Nitellopsis 

(Charophytes). Paléobiologie continentale 3: 1-14. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & VIALLARD, P., 1968. Présence du Crétacé Supérieur Continental dans la chaîne 

ibérique castillane. Compte Rendu de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris, sér. D 266: 1702-1704. 

[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L. & VIALLARD, P., 1970. Sur l'âge post-Stampien moyen du plissement majeur dans 

la chaîne ibérique castillane. Compte Rendu Sommaire de la Socété Géologique de France 1: 9-11. 

[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., MARTINEZ, M., MATTAUER, M. & THALER, L., 1967. Peru<strong>the</strong>rium 

altiplanense nov. gen., nov. spec., premier Mammifère mésozoïque d'Amérique du Sud. Compte Rendu 

de l'Académie des Sciences de Paris, sér. D 264: 707-710, 1 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., RAT, P., REY, R. & TINETTE, R., 1969. Sur la stratigraphie des formations 

lacustres paléogènes à l'Est de Dijon. Compte Rendu Sommaire de la Socété Géologique de France 6: 


GRAMBAST, L., REY, J. & RAMALHO, M., 1974. Données statigraphiques sur le Crétacé inférieur 

des environs de Lagos (Algarve, Portugal). Compte Rendu Sommaire de la Socété Géologique de 


GRAMBAST, L., REY, J., OERTLI, H.J. & RAMALHO, M., 1968. Les couches du passage du 

Jurassique au Crétacé au Nord du Taje (Portugal). Compte Rendu Sommaire de la Socété Géologique 

de France 5: 153. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1956a. La plaque basale des Characées. Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie 

des Sciences 242: 2585-2588. 

GRAMBAST, L., 1956b. Sur la déhiscence de l'oospore chez Chara vulgaris L. et la systématique de 

certaines <strong>Characeae</strong> fossiles. Révue Générale de Botanie 63: 331-336, 3 figs. 

GRAMBAST, L., 1956c. Sur le genre Tectochara. Comptes rendue sommaire de la Société Géologique 

de France 1956: 113-114. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1956d. Le genre Gyrogyna Lmk. (<strong>Characeae</strong>). Comptes rendue sommaire de la 


GRAMBAST, L., 1957. Ornamentation de la gyrogonite et systématique chez les charophytes fossiles. 

Révue Générale de Botanie 64: 339-362, pl. V-VIII. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1958. Étude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d'Europe occidentale et leurs rapports 

avec les formes actuelles. Comptes rendue de la Société Géologique de France 13: 317- 

318.[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1959a. Tendances évolutives dans le phylum des Charophytes. Comptes rendus des 

séances de l'Académie des Sciences, série D 249: 557-559, 1 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1959b. Extension chronologique des genres chez les Charoideae. Société des 

Editions Technique. 12 pp. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1959c. Les Charophytes fossiles : Caractères morphologiques et principes de la 

systématique. Compte Rendu 9ème Congrès <strong>International</strong> Botanique 2: 139. [Paleobotany]

GRAMBAST, L., 1960. Description et signification stratigraphique de deux Charophytes d'origine 

saharienne. Rev. Micropal. 2: 192-198. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1961. Remarques sur la systématique et la répartition stratigraphique des <strong>Characeae</strong> 

pré-tertiaires. Comptes rendue sommaire de la Société Géologique de France 7: 200-202. 

[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1962a. Sur l'intérêt stratigraphique des Charophytes fossiles: exemples d'application 

au Tertiaire parisien. Comptes rendue sommaire de la Société Géologique de France 10: 207-209. 

[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1962b. Aperçu sur les Charophytes tertiaires du Languedoc et leur signification 

stratigraphique. Comptes rendue sommaire de la Société Géologique de France 10: 313-314. 

[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1962c. Classification de l'embranchement des Charophytes. Naturalia 

Monspeliensia, Sér. Bot. 14: 63-86. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1962d. Flore de l'Oligocène Supérieur du Bassin de Paris. Ann. Paleont. 48: 1-80. 

[Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1963. Charophytes du Trias. Etat des connaissances acquises, intérêt phylogénétique 

et stratigraphique. Mémoire Bur. Rech. Géol. Min. 15: 567-569. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1964a. Précisions nouvelles sur la phylogénie des Charophytes. Naturalia 

Monspeliensia, Sér. Bot. 16: 71-77, 1 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1964b. Précisions nouvelles sur les tendances évolutives dans l'embranchement des 

Charophytes. Naturalia Monspeliensia, Sér. Bot. 16: 273-279, 1 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1964c. Sur des Charophytes remarquables du Crétacé terminal. Comptes rendue des 

séances de l'Académie des Sciences Paris, sér. D 258: 643-646, 1 pl. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1964d. Indications fournies par les Charophytes pour la Stratigraphie du Paléogène. 

Mémoire Bur. Rech. Géol. Min. 28: 1009-1011. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1965. Etat des connaissances acquises sur les Charophytes du Crétacé inférieur. 

Mémoire Bur. Rech. Géol. Min. 34: 577-582. [Paleobotany] 

GRAMBAST, L., 1966a. Un nouveau type structural chez les Clavatoracées, son intérêt 

phylogénétique et stratigraphique. Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences, sér. D 262: 


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GREVILLE, R.K., 1828. Scottish cryptogamic flora or coloured figures and descriptions <strong>of</strong> 

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GRIFFIN, D., 1968. Sumario de nuestro conocimiento de las Charophyta del Peru. Publicationes del 

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Oklahoma, and New Mexico. American Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 51: 120-124. 

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GRIFFITH, W., 1849b. Posthumous papers bequea<strong>the</strong>d to <strong>the</strong> honorable The East Indian Company 

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GRILLAS, P., GARCIA-MURILLO, P., GEERTZ-HANSEN, O., MARBÁ, N., MONTES, C., 

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GROSE, D., 1957. The flora <strong>of</strong> Wiltshire. The Natural History Section <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Wiltshire Archaeological 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1881b. Notes on British <strong>Characeae</strong>. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1883. Notes on British <strong>Characeae</strong>. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1884. Notes on <strong>the</strong> British <strong>Characeae</strong> for 1883. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1885. Notes on <strong>the</strong> British <strong>Characeae</strong> for 1884. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1887. Postscript. In: J.G. Baker - Fur<strong>the</strong>r contribution to <strong>the</strong> flora <strong>of</strong> 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1890. Notes on <strong>the</strong> British <strong>Characeae</strong> for 1887-9. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, 

British and Foreign 28: 65-69, pl. 296. [Nitella Nordstedtiana n.sp.] 

GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1895. Notes on British <strong>Characeae</strong>, 1890-1894. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1898a. On <strong>Characeae</strong> collected by Mr. T.B. Blow, F.L.S. in <strong>the</strong> West 

Indies. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society London, Botany 33: 323-326, pl. 19. 

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British and Foreign 36: 409-413, pl. 391, 392. 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1906. On <strong>Characeae</strong> from <strong>the</strong> Cape Peninsula collected by Major A.H. 

Wolley-Dod, R.A.. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society, Botany 37: 285-287, pl. 11. [Chara tanyglochis n. 

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GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1911. II. <strong>Characeae</strong>. Exposuerent. In: I. Urban (ed.) - Symbolae 

Antillanae seu fundamenta florae Indiae Occidentalis. Vol. 7, No.1. pp. 30-44. Lipsiae. [Key] [11 

Nitella, 5 Chara species, mostly from Cuba]. 

GROVES, H. & GROVES, J., 1912a. <strong>Characeae</strong> from <strong>the</strong> Philippine Islands. The Philippine Journal <strong>of</strong> 

Science, sect. C, Botany 7:69-70. [N. acuminata, N. Roxburghii, C. corallina, C. Braunii, C. Benthami, 

C, gymnopitys, C. flaccida, C. brachypus, C. zeylanica]. 

GROVES, H., 1914. see: GIBBS, L.S. 1914. 

GROVES, J. & ALLEN, G.O., 1927. On some Indian Charophyta. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and 

Foreign 65: 335-339. [Nitella flagellifera n. spec, Nitella patula n. spec, N. mirabilis, N. acuminata, 

N. dispersa, N. axillaris, N. furcata, C. corallina, C. braunii, C. erythrogyna, C. hydropitys, C. fragilis, 

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GROVES, J. & ALLEN, G.O., 1935. A review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Queensland Charophyta. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Royal Society <strong>of</strong> Queensland 46: 34-59, 3 figs. vol. 47: errata sheet. [Key] [22 Nitella, 9 Chara 

species, Lamp. macropogon (as Chara)]. 

GROVES, J. & ALLEN, G.O., 1935. The primary divisions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> genus Nitella. see: GROVES, J. 

1935. 

GROVES, J. & BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1920. The British Charophyta. I. Nitelleae. Ray 

Society, London. 141 pp., fig. 1-25, pl. I-XX Reprint 1971. Koeltz, Koenigstein. [Key] [10 Nitella, 4 

Tolypella, 14 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. barbatus]. 

GROVES, J. & BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1924a. The British Charophyta. 2. Chareae. Ray 

Society, London. 129 pp., fig. 26-31, pl. XXI-XLV. Reprint 1971, Koeltz, Koenigstein. [Key] [17 

Chara species]. 

GROVES, J. & BULLOCK-WEBSTER, G.R., 1924b. Notes on British Charophyta. Journal <strong>of</strong> 

Botany, British and Foreign 62: 33-35, pl. 570. [Chara muscosa n.spec., C. baltica, C. hispida, C. 

aculeolata, C. aspera, C. delicatula]. 

GROVES, J. & STEPHENS, E.L., 1926. New and noteworthy South African Charophyta. I. 

Transactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Royal Society <strong>of</strong> South Africa 13: 145-158, pl. 12-15. [Nitella praeclara n. spec., 

Nitella divaricata n. spec., Nitella Doidgeae n. spec., Chara chrysospora n. spec., Chara 

pseudobrachypus n. spec., N. acuminata, N. hyalina, N. plumosa, Tol. glomerata, Lamp. macropogon 

(as Chara), C. corallina, C. tanyglochis]. 

GROVES, J. & STEPHENS, E.L., 1933. New and noteworthy South African Charophyta. II. 

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Nitella conifera n. spec., Nitella axillocarpa n.spec., Nitella ogivalis n. spec., Nitella heteroteles n. 

spec., Nitella Duthieae n. spec., Nitella habrocoma n. spec., Nitella struthioptila n. spec., Chara 

amplexa n. spec., Chara Kraussiana n. name, C. stachymorpha, C. kraussii, C. phaeochiton, N. 

plumosa]. 

GROVES, J., 1916. On <strong>the</strong> name Lamprothamnus Braun. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 54: 

336-337. 

GROVES, J., 1919a. Notes on Lychnothamnus. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 57: 125-129. 

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GROVES, J., 1920. A curious fossil Charophyte fruit. Geological Magazine 57: 126-127, fig. 1. 

[Paleobotany] 

GROVES, J., 1920. Tolypella hispanica Nordst. in France. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 60: 337-338. 

GROVES, J., 1921. Charophyta from Annam and Guam. The Philippine Journal <strong>of</strong> Science 19: 663- 

664. [N. acuminata, N. dualis, C. australis, C. flaccida]. 

GROVES, J., 1922a. Nitellopsis obtusa in nor<strong>the</strong>rn India. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 60: 

54-55. [Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus, C. fragilis]. 

GROVES, J., 1922b. Charophyta. In: W.H. Pearson - A systematic account <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plants collected in 

New Caledonia and <strong>the</strong> Isle <strong>of</strong> Pines by Mr. R.H. Compton, M.A., in 1914. Part III. Cryptogams 

(Hepaticae-Fungi). Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society, Botany 46: 69-70, pl. 5. [Nitella Comptonii n. 

spec., N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. hyalina, N. gelatinosa, C. australis, C. gymnopitys]. 

GROVES, J., 1922c. On Charophyta collected by Mr. Thomas Bates Blow, F.L.S., in Ceylon. Journal 

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society, Botany 46: 97-103, pl. 6. [Nitella leptodactyla n. spec., Nitella mucosa n. spec., 

N. acuminata, N. mucronata, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. oligospira, N. microcarpa, N. roxburghii, C. 

corallina, C. flaccida, C. hydropitys, C. zeylanica].

GROVES, J., 1924a. Notes on Indian Charophyta. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society, Botany 46: 359- 

376, pl. 35, 36. [Key] [Nitella mirabilis n. spec., Nitella Wattii n. spec., Nitella Annandale n. spec. (?), 

and 13 Nitella, 3 Tolypella, 15 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus]. 

GROVES, J., 1924b. Clavator Reid et Groves. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 62: 116-117. 

[Paleobotany] [Chara Reidii n. spec.] 

GROVES, J., 1925c. Fossil Charophyta fruits from Texas. American Journal <strong>of</strong> Science 10: 12-14, fig. 

1-3. [Paleobotany] [Chara brewsterensis sp. nov., Chara texensis sp. nov., Chara Gardnerae sp. nov.] 

GROVES, J., 1926. Charophyta. In: E.M. Reid & M.E.J. Chandler - The Bembridge Flora. I. 

Catalogue <strong>of</strong> Cainozoic Plants. pp. 165-173, fig. 16-20, pl. 12. British Museum, Natural History. 

London. [Paleobotany] [Chara vespiformis sp. nov., Chara subglomerata sp. nov., Chara vectensis sp. 

nov., Chara (Tolypella?) perpusilla sp. nov.] 

GROVES, J., 1927. A new species <strong>of</strong> Nitella (<strong>Characeae</strong>) from sou<strong>the</strong>rn Queensland. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> 

<strong>the</strong> Royal Society <strong>of</strong> Queensland 38: 262. [Nitella phauloteles n. spec.]. 

GROVES, J., 1928. On Charophyta collected by Mr. Thomas Bates Blow, F.L.S., in Madagascar. 

Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society, Botany 48: 125-137, pl. 4-7. [Nitella inaequalis n. sp., Nitella 

graciliformis n. sp., Nitella sphaerocephala n. sp., Nitella vermiculata n. sp., Nitella blowiana n. sp.] 

GROVES, J., 1931. On <strong>the</strong> an<strong>the</strong>ridium <strong>of</strong> Chara zeylanica Willd.. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and 

Foreign 69: 97-98, 1 fig.. [with note on <strong>the</strong> synonymie <strong>of</strong> C. rusbyana and C. martiana]. 

GROVES, J., 1933b. Charophyta. In: W. Jongmans (ed.) - Fossilium Catalogus. II: Plantae. Pars 19. 

W. Junk, Berlin. 74 pp. [Paleobotany] 

GROVES, J., 1934. see: PECK, R.E., 1934b. 

GROVES, J., 1935. The primary divisions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> genus Nitella. [with "Additional Note" by G.O. Allen, 

pp. 48-49]. Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany, British and Foreign 73: 46-49. [posthumous publication]. 

GROVES, R.H. (ed.), 1994. Australian vegetation. ed. 2. See: BROCK, M.A., 1994. 

GROVES, R.H., 1981. Australian vegetation. See: BRIGGS, S.V.,1981. 

GRUBE, H.J., 1975. Die Makrophytenvegetation der Fliessgewässer in Süd-Niedersachsen und ihre 

Beziehungen zur Gewässerverschmutzung. Archiv für Hydrobiologie/Supplement 45: 376-456, 3 

maps, 4 figs. [C. foetida]. 

GUEHLER, P.F. & WEISBECKER, H.L., 1973. A new algicide for filamentous algae and Chara. 

Proc. Nor<strong>the</strong>ast Weed Sci. Soc. 27: 108-109. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & CORILLION, R., 1960. Sur quelques aspects de la variabilité de ses causes et 

de son extension chez les Charophycées, en relation avec la subdivision systématique et la notion 

d'espèce. Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Sciences 251: 3037-3039. [14 Chara, 2 

Nitella species]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & CORILLION, R., 1961. Compléments de phytogéographie et d'écologie 

charologiques. Bulletin de la Société d'Etudes Scientifique d'Angers, N. S. 4: 31-43, 8 distribution 

maps. [8 Nitella, 8 Chara, 5 Tolypella species, Lamp. papulosum]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & FEIST, M., 2005a. Morphology. In: M. FEIST (coord. author) – Charophyta. 

pp. 1-23, fig. 1-18. R.L. KAESTLER (ed.) – Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part B Protocista 1 

Vol. 1. The Geological Society <strong>of</strong> America, Boulder & The University <strong>of</strong> Kansas, Lawrence. XVI + 

170 pp., 79 figs. [Nitella bifurcata] 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & FEIST, M., 2005b. Biogeography. In: M. FEIST (coord. author) – 

Charophyta. pp. 36-38, fig. 23. R.L. KAESTLER (ed.) – Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Part B 

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Lawrence. XVI + 170 pp., 79 figs. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & LAMBERT-SERVIEN, E., 2001. Propositions d’espèces déterminantes chez 

les Characées dans la région des Pays de la Loire, France. Journal de Botanique, Société Botanique de 

France 12: 107-109. 

SIMO SANTALLA, P., CHU, N.T., THIERRY, D. & LAMBERT-SERVIEN, E., 2001. Etude 

isoenzymatique chez Chara globularis Thuillier (Charophyceae). Journal de Botanique, Société 

Botanique de France 12: 111-114. 

LAMBERT E., GUERLESQUIN M., 2002a. Eaux oligo-mésotrophes calcaires avec végétation 

benthique à Chara spp. Fiche 3140. Cahiers d'habitats Natura 2000 "Connaissance et gestion des 

habitats et des espèces d'intérêt communautaire" Tome 3 Habitats humides. Ed. La documentation 

française : 97-100. 

LAMBERT E., GUERLESQUIN M., 2002b. Communautés à Characées des eaux oligo-mésotrophes 

basiques. Fiche 3140 (1) . Cahiers d'habitats Natura 2000 "Connaissance et gestion des habitats et des 

espèces d'intérêt communautaire" Tome 3 Habitats humides. Ed. La documentation française : 101 - 

106.

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faiblement alcalines. Fiche 3140 (2) . Cahiers d'habitats Natura 2000 "Connaissance et gestion des 

habitats et des espèces d'intérêt communautaire" Tome 3 Habitats humides. Ed. La documentation 

française : 107 - 111. 

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2006. Stoneworts (<strong>Characeae</strong>) and associated macrophyte species as indicators <strong>of</strong> water quality and 

human activities in <strong>the</strong> Pays-de-la-Loire region, France. Hydrobiologia. 570: 107-115. 

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évolution du site au cours des 15 dernières années. E.R.I.C.A. 20: 55 - 64. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & MERIAUX, J.L., 1983. Characées et végétations associés des milieux 

aquatiques du nord de la France. Colloques Phytosiologiques 10: 415-444. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & NOOR, M.N., 1982. La meiose et sa place dans le cycle des Charophytes: 

thèses en présence et incertitudes. Cryptogamie-Algologie 3: 323-329. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & PODLEJSKI, V., 1980. Characees et vegetaux submerges et flottants associes 

dans quelques milieux camarguais. Naturalia Monspeliensia, sér. Bot. 36: 1-20, 2 pl. (1 map, 1 

distribution map). [15 Chara, 3 Nitella, 2 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. papulosum]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & VAQUER, A., 1980. Quelques observations biologiques et floristiques sur les 

rizières de Camargue: biotopes à Characées. Bulletin d'Ecologie 11:113-124. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & WATTEZ, J.R., 1974. Nouvelles observations charologiques dans le nord du 

France. Bulletin de la Société botanique du Nord de France 26/27: 3-9. 

GUERLESQUIN, M. & WATTEZ, J.R., 1979. Flore et groupement végétaux des milieux aquatiques 

sublittoraux dans les Bas-Champs de Caveux-Onival (Somme). Phanérogames et cryptogames. 

Documents Phytosiologiques N.S. 4: 397-412. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., COUTE, A. & VAQUER, A., 1991. Studies on <strong>the</strong> family <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> 

from <strong>the</strong> Guyanas. Verhandlungen der internationale Vereinigung für <strong>the</strong>oretische und angewandte 

Limnologie 24: 2673-2677. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., ELKHIATI, N., RAMDANI, M. & VAQUER, A., 1987. Lamprothamnium 

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GUERLESQUIN, M., 1956. Additions à la flore charologique de l'Ouest de la France (Deux-Sèvres, 

Vendée, Charente-Maritime). Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 31: 93-96. [N. syncarpa, 

N. batrachosperma, N. translucens, Lamp. papulosum, C. braunii, C. hispida, C. aculeolata, C. refracta, 

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GUERLESQUIN, M., 1958b. Sur quelques particularités microstructurales des anthéridies de 

Charophycées. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 247: 328-330. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1959a. Aspects de la biologie anthéridienne chez les Charophycées. Bull. Soc. 

Et. Sci. Angers, nlle série 2: 153-160. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1959b. Action d'une hormone androgène synthétque sur la fructification de 

Charopsis braunii Kütz. Bulletin de la Société d'Etudes Scientifique d'Angers, N. S. 2: 193-195. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1960. Contribution à l'étude des variations de la répartition des organes 

reproducteurs chez les Charophycées. Bull. Soc. Sci. Bret. 35: 273-284. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1961a. Contribution à l'étude chromosomique des Charophycées d'Europe 

occidentale et d'Afrique du Nord (1). Rev. Gén. Bot. 68: 360-372. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1961b. Observations sur le Tolypella prolifera von Leonh. (Charopohycées) de 

la vallée de la Loire. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 108: 274-280, 1 pl. [Tol. prolifera n = 

10]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1962. Variations de la cortication et gymnophyllie chez Chara imperfecta A. 

Br. de la peninsule Ibérique. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 37: 85-90. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1963a. Contribution à l'étude chromosomique des Charophycées d'Europe 

occidentale et d'Afrique du Nord (2). Rev. Gén. Bot. 70: 355-370. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1963b, 1965. Sur quelques cas de variabilité naturelle du stock chromosomique 

haploïde dans les spermatocystes des genres Tolypella, Nitellopsis et Chara (Charophycées). Comptes 

rendus 82e Congrès A.F.A.S. 1963. Bulletin de la Société d'Etudes Scientifique d'Anjou, N. S. 5: 53- 

59. [Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata, Tol. hispanica, Tol. nidifica, C. contraria, C. vulgaris]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1964a. Contribution à l'étude chromosomique des Charophycées d'Italie 

péninsulaire. Révue générale de Botanie 71: 283-292, 8 figs. [N. capillaris, Tol. hispanica, Tol. 

glomerata, Tol. nidifica, C. vulgaris, C. rabenhorstii, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. galioides]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1964b. Notes écologiques et chromosomiques sur les Charophycées récoltées 

pendant la 90e session de la Société botanique de France. Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France

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aspera, C. fragilis]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1967. Recherches caryotypiques et cytotaxinomiques chez les Charophycées. 

Jouve, Paris. 265 pp., 32 pl., 16 distribution maps. also as: Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de 

Bretagne, fasc. hors-série 41: 1-265, pl. I-XXXII, map 1-16. & Travaux du Laboratoire de Biologie 

végétale et de Phytogéographie de la Faculté Libre des Sciences d'Angers 22: 1-265, pl. I-XXXII, map 

1-16. [6 Nitella species, n = 6, 12, 18, 4 Tolypella species, n = 10, ca. 20, ca. 25, Nitellopsis obtusa n = 

14, Lamp. papulosum n = ca. 24-25, 13 Chara species, n = 12, 14, ca. 24, 28]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1968. Notes écologiques et chromosomiques sur les charophycées récoltées 

pendant la 90 e session de la Société botanique de France. Bulletin de la Société botanique de France 

111: 281-289, 1 map. [C. contraria, C. vulgaris] 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1971. Recherches sur Chara zeylanica Klein ex Willd. (Charophycées) 

d'Afrique occidentale. Revue Algologique 10: 231-247, 4 pl., 1 distribution map. [C. zeylanica n = 28]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1972a. Recherches sur les Charophycées d'Afrique occidentale. III Cytologie et 

nombres chromosomiques. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 47: 125-159, pl. IX-XVII, 

map 23-25 (distribution maps). [C. zeylanica n = 28, N. acuminata n = 12, N. furcata n = 18, 12, N. 

translucens n = 18]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1972b. Compléments de phytogéographie et d'écologie charologiques dans 

l'ouest Armoricain. Bulletin de la Société Scientifique de Bretagne 47: 275-282. [10 Chara, 4 Nitella 

species, Tol. glomerata]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1973. Deux Charophycees nouvelles pour le territoire francais. Bull. Soc. Sci. 

Bret. 48: 65-72. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1974. Nouvelle contribution à l'étude des Characées du Maroc occidental. Trav. 

R.C.P. 249, C.N.R.S., fasc. II: 187-207. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1977. Observations chromosomiques sur les Characées du Sud Tunisien. 

Bulletin de la Société Phycologique de France 22: 60-69, 3 pl. (1 distribution map). [C. vulgaris n = 

14, C. baltica n = 28, C. aspera n = 14, C. galioides n = 14, C. connivens n = 14, Tol. glomerata n = ca. 

15]. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1978a. Nouvelle contribution à l'étude des Charophycées du Maroc nordoccidental 

(II). Trav. R.C.P., 249, C.N.R.S., fasc.IV: 109-137. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1978b. Les Characées du Maroc: bilan et répartition de la flore. Trav. R.C.P. 

249, C.N.R.S., fasc. IV: 139-148. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1980. Recherches récentes sur les Charophycées: morphologie et systématique, 

cytotaxinomie. Bull. Soc. Et. Sci. Anjou, mém.4: 143-155. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1981. Contribution à la connaissance des Characées d'Amérique du Sud 

(Bolivie, Equateur, Guyane francais). Rev. Hydrobiol. trop. 14: 381-406. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1981. Nitella clavatoides, nouvelle espèce du genre Nitella (Charophycées) de 

Bolivie. Cryptogamie-Algologie 2: 303-308. [Nitella clavatoides n. spec.] 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1983. Contribution à l'étude des Characées des Petites Antilles. Rev. Hydrobiol. 

trop. 16: 213-233. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1984a. Compte rendu du colloque de la Société Phycologique de France, 

Angers, 31 mai, 1 et 2 juin 1984. Cryptogamie - Algologie 5: 109-114. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1984b. Nombres chromosomiques et ploïdie chez les charophytes. Cryptogamie: 

Algologie 5: 115-126. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1984c. Les milieux aquatiques des Bas-Champs de Cayeux-Onival (Somme): 

leur valeur floristique. Act. coll. Environment en Picardie: 121-122. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1985. Bilan et répartition de la flore des Charophycées dans les Antilles. Verh. 

Intern. Verein. Limnol. 22: 2879-2884. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1986. Lamprothamnium papulosum (Wallr.) J.Gr., Characée: espèce halophile 

en régression. Cryptogamie - Algologie 7: 182-183. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1987. Recherches récentes sur les Charophycées: morphogénèse et reproduction 

sexuée. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr., 134, Actualités Bot. 1987: 17-30. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1990. Contribution to morphogenesis and sexual reproduction in Charophyta. 

Phytomorphology 40: 189-216. 

GUERLESQUIN, M., 1992. Charophytes. In: DEJOUX, C. & ILTIS, A. (eds.) – Lake Titicaca A 

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macropogon, Lamp. mediterraneum, Lamp. aragonense, Lamp. carrissoi, Lamp. toletanum] 

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Algae. pp 95-113. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam. VIII + 439 pp., figs. [Chromosome 

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GUERNET, Cl., SAUVAGE, J. & SOULIÉ-MÄRSCHE, I., 1977. Le Levantin de Joanina (Epire, 

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seed germination <strong>of</strong> rice. The Harvester 22: 24-26. 

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GUTWINSKI, R., 1902. De algis a Dre. Raciborski anno 1899 in insula Java collectis. Bull. Int. Acad. 

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GUYER, O., 1910. Beiträge zur Biologie des Greifensees mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der 

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HELLWIG, F., 1884. Bericht über die vom 16. August bis 29. September im Kreise Schwetz 

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cristata, N. flexilis, N. furcata, N. hyalina, N. lhotzkyi, N. myriotricha, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. 

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HERMANN, F., 1969. Beobachtungen über Radioktivität und Fossilinhalt des Mittleren 

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HERVEY, E.W., 1911. Flora <strong>of</strong> New Bedford and shores <strong>of</strong> Buzzards Bay. Revised ed. New Bedford. 

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HESLOP HARRISON, J.W., HESLOP HARRISON, H., CLARK, W.A. & COOKE, R.B., 1941. The 

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HESSE, R., 1937. Ecological, animal geography. (translated from <strong>the</strong> german by W.C. Allee & K.P. 

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HORN AF RANTZIEN, H., 1950b. Charophyta reported from Latin America. Arkiv für Botanik, ser. 

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HORN AF RANTZIEN, H., 1951a. Macrophyte vegetation in lakes and temporary pools <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Alvar 

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Wendelbo in 1959. V. Årb. Univ. Bergen Mat.-Naturv. 1962(1): 3. [C. vulgaris]. 

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indikatorer. Förhandl. Geol. Fören. Stockholm 84: 311-319. [Paleobotany] 

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(1620-1933). University Press, Oxford; Humphrey Milford, London. CCXCVII + 687 pp, 36 figs. (5 

maps). [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 672-674: C. fragilis, C. delicatula, C. contraria, C. hispida, C. vulgaris, N. 

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175-185. [Nitella woodii n. spec., C. australis, C. gymnopitys, N. cristata, M. imahorii, N. imperialis, 

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HOTCHKISS, A.T., 1958. Some chromosome numbers in Kentucky <strong>Characeae</strong>. Transactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Kentucky Academy <strong>of</strong> Science 19: 14-18, 3 figs. [C. contraria n = 28, C. globularis n = 28, C. sejuncta 

n = 14, N. acuminata var. subglomerata n = 18] 

HOTCHKISS, A.T., 1963. A first report <strong>of</strong> chromosome numbers in <strong>the</strong> genus Lychnothmanus (Rupr.) 

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South Wales 88: 368-372, 16 figs. [Lychn. barbatus n = 28, Lamp. macropogon n = 28, C. braunii n = 

14, C. australis n = 14, C. vulgaris n = 14, C. contraria n = 28, C. zeylanica n = 70, C. sejuncta n = 14, 

N. opaca n = 6, N. flexilis n = 12, N. microcarpa n = 18, Tol. prolifera n = 9]. 

HOTCHKISS, A.T., 1964. Chromosome numbers and relationships in Chara leptopitys A.Br. 

Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Linnean Society <strong>of</strong> New South Wales 89: 191-198, 3 figs., pl. 2. [C. leptopitys n = 

14 (also 21 & 42)] 

HOTCHKISS, A.T., 1965. Chromosome numbers in <strong>Characeae</strong> from <strong>the</strong> South Pacific. Pacific Science 

19: 31-37, fig. 1-2. [C. corallina n = 14, C. fibrosa n = 28, Lamp. succinctum n = 42, N. hyalina n = 18, 

N. acuminata n = 18, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata n = 18, N. furcata]. 

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13 Nitella, 6 Chara species, Tol. glomerata]. 

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maps). [Key] [C. fibrosa, C. braunii, C. corallina, N. flexilis, N. acuminata, N. orientalis, N. 

translucens, N. furcata, N. gracilis, N. mucronata, N. microcarpa, N. megacarpa]. 

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Charophytes. Phycologia 4: 127-134, 5 figs. [C. braunii, C. contraria, C. corallina, C. globularis, C. 

gymnopitys, C. hydropitys, C. zeylanica, N. microcarpa]. 

IMAHORI, K. & KASAKI, H., 1977. Charophyceae. In: H. Hirose & Y. Yamagishi (eds.) - 

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taxonomy] [8 Chara, 39 Nitella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lamp. succinctum] 

IMAHORI, K. & KATO, T., 1964. Notes on chromosome numbers <strong>of</strong> Charophytes in Fukui 

Prefecture, Japan (I). Science Reports, College <strong>of</strong> general Education Osaka University 10: 39-48, 4 pl. 

[N. flexilis n = 12, N. acuminata n = 18, N. shinii n = 28, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata n = 24, N. furcata n = 24 

(48), N. erecta n = 28, N. rigida n = 14, N. gracilis n= 18, N. saitoiana n = 18, N. microcarpa n = 14, C. 

braunii n = 14]. 

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fresh-water algae). Science Reports, College <strong>of</strong> general Education Osaka University 16: 25-35, 1 fig., 3 

pl. [C. evoluta, C. longifolia, C. buckellii, Nitellopsis bulbilifera]. 

IMAHORI, K. & SINHA, J.P., 1964. Notes on <strong>the</strong> Asiatic Charophyta IV. Specimens from Ranchi 

(India) and Nepal. Advancing Frontiers <strong>of</strong> Plant Sciences 8: 55-68, 7 figs., 4 pl. [N. acuminata, N. 

mucronata, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. gracilis, N. hyalina, C. vulgaris, C. globularis, C. setosa, C. 

zeylanica, C. braunii, C. corallina, C. fibrosa]. 

IMAHORI, K. & SUGA, H., 1954. Pluricellulatae (<strong>Characeae</strong>). Pluricellulous species (<strong>Characeae</strong>) 

from Japan. Hokuriku Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 3: 32-34, 5 figs. [Japanese, english summary]

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<strong>the</strong> Lake Kizaki, Japan. Journal <strong>of</strong> Japanese Botany 33: 240-244, 4 figs. (1 distribution map). 

[Japanese, english summary, latin description <strong>of</strong> new species] [N. minispora n. spec., N. flexilis, C. 

braunii]. 

IMAHORI, K. & SUGA, H., 1960. Characeous vegetation study <strong>of</strong> Lake Kizaki, Japan. Science 

Reports <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Kanazawa University 7: 85-105, 11 figs. (1 map, 2 distribution maps), 4 pl. [C. braunii, 

N. flexilis, N. minispora]. 

IMAHORI, K. & TOYAMA, S., 1980. Biosystematic consideration <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: T.V. 

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IMAHORI, K., 1948. Miscellaneous papers on <strong>the</strong> East Asiatic Charophyta. 1. Journal <strong>of</strong> Japanese 

Botany 22: 40-45, fig. 1, 2. [Japanese, english summary] 

IMAHORI, K., 1949. Notes on <strong>the</strong> Asiatic Charophyta. Botanical Magazine 62: 1-4, 8 figs. [Nitella 

stabilis n. spec., N. graciliformis, N. tenuissima, N. leptodactyla]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1950a. Miscellaneous papers on <strong>the</strong> East Asiatic Charophyta. 2. Journal <strong>of</strong> Japanese 

Botany 25: 73-77, fig. 3, 4. [Japanese, latin summary] 

IMAHORI, K., 1950b. Notes on <strong>the</strong> Asiatic Charophyta II. Botanical Magazine 63: 260-264, fig. 2. 

[Tolypella gracilis n. spec., Chara pseudo-hydropitys n. spec., C. hydropitys, C. brachypus, C. pseudobrachypus]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1951. Studies on <strong>the</strong> Charophyta in Formosa (I). Science Reports <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Kanazawa 

University 1: 201-221, 1 fig. (map), 3 pl. [Key] [Nitella axilliformis n. spec., 8 Nitella, 11 Chara 

species]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1952a. Charophyta in Micronesia. The Journal <strong>of</strong> Japanese Botany 27: 79-84, 1 fig. 

[Nitella micronesiaca n. sp.] 

IMAHORI, K., 1953b. Studies on <strong>the</strong> Charophyta in Formosa. Science Reports <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Kanazawa 

University 2: 115-137, 7 pl. [Key] [C. braunii, C. corallina, C. hydropitys, C. benthamii, C. 

gymnopitys, C. pseudo-hydropitys, C. vulgaris, C. zeylanica, C. globularis, C. brachypus, C. pseudobrachypus]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1953c. Studies on <strong>the</strong> Asiatic Charophyta III. Botanical Magazine 66 (783-784): 216- 

221, fig. 3-4. [Nitella Tuyamae n. spec., Nitella Allenii n. spec., N. flagellifera, N. laxa, N. flexilis, N. 

confervacea]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1953d. Miscellaneous papers on <strong>the</strong> East Asiatic Charophyta 4. (12) Some new 

heterodactylous plants from Japan. Journal <strong>of</strong> Japanese Botany 28: 257-266, fig. 5-8. [Key, japanese] 

[Nitella stricta n. spec., Nitella crispa n. spec., Nitella spinosa n. spec., Nitella Shinii n. spec., Nitella 

sejuncta n. spec., Nitella Horikawae n. spec., N. pulchella]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1954a. Ecology, Phytogeography and Taxonomy <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Japanese Charophyta. Kanazawa 

University, Kanazawa.. Reprint 1977, O. Koeltz, Koenigstein. VII + 234 (235) pp., 66 figs. (56 distribution 

maps), 41 pl., 27 tab. [Key] [Nitella pusilla n. spec., Nitella erecta n. spec., Nitella inversa n. spec., Nitella 

robusta n. spec.] [8 Chara, 46 Nitella species, Tol. gracilis]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1954b. Similarity between <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Formosa and Philippine Islands. Acta 

Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 15: 123-128. [9 Nitella, 12 Chara species]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1954c. Miscellaneous papers on <strong>the</strong> East Asiatic Charophyta (5): 13. Some Charas 

from Amami and Tokari Islands. 14. Charophyte-flora in Okinawa islands. Journal <strong>of</strong> Japanese Botany 

29: 153-159. [Japanese, english summary] [C. corallina, C. braunii, C. vulgaris, C. delicatula, C. 

gymnopitys, C. benthamii, C. flaccida, N. axilliformis]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1955. Phytogeographical survey on Charophyte-flora in <strong>the</strong> Ryukyu Islands. Science 

Reports <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Kanazawa University 3: 93-99, 1 fig. (2 distribution maps). [C. braunii, C. corallina, C. 

benthamii, C. gymnopitys, C. vulgaris, C. zeylanica, C. sejuncta, N. acuminata, N. horikawae, N. 

axilliformis, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1957a. Similarity between <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Formosa and <strong>the</strong> Philippines. Proceedings 

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Eighth Pacific Science Congress 4: 563-568. 

IMAHORI, K., 1957b. Study on <strong>the</strong> Charophytes-flora in Hokkaido (Japan) and its phytogeographical 

characteristics. Science Reports <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Kanazawa University 5: 55-83, 3 figs. (maps), 7 pl. [Key] [N. 

opaca, N. flexilis, N. morongii, N. rigida, N. microcarpa, Tol. gracilis, C. braunii, C. globularis, + 

distribution data on 31 Nitella & 5 Chara species]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1960. On <strong>the</strong> significance <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Masamune's line, from <strong>the</strong> view point <strong>of</strong> Charraceous 

distribution. Journal <strong>of</strong> Geobotany 8: 63-67, 2 figs. (maps). [Japanese, english summary] [40 Nitella, 8 

Chara species, Tol. gracilis, Nitellopsis obtusa].

IMAHORI, K., 1962. A dispersal factor <strong>of</strong> Charophytes (fresh-water Algae). Acta Phytotaxonomica et 

Geobotanica 20: 282-284, 1 fig. (map). [Japanese, english summary]. 

IMAHORI, K., 1963a. Contributions to <strong>the</strong> east Asiatic Charophytes (1) Japan. Science Reports <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Tôhoku University, Fourth Series, Biology 29: 153-164, 5 figs. [C. globularis, C. zeylanica, C. 

australis, C. fibrosa, Lamp. succinctum, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. mirabilis, N. dualis, N. mucronata, N. 

pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. stabilis, N. annularis 

IMAHORI, K., 1963b. Definition <strong>of</strong> species with reference to feature <strong>of</strong> monoecism or dioecism in 

<strong>Characeae</strong> - Preliminary. Science reports, College <strong>of</strong> General Education Osaka University 11: 101-105, 

1 map. [C. australis, C. corallina]. 

ING, B., 1969. Cambridgeshire charophytes, a supplement to "A flora <strong>of</strong> Cambridgeshire". Nature in 

Cambridgeshire 12: 31-36. 

INOUE, I., ISHIDA, N. & KOBATAKE, Y., 1973. Studies <strong>of</strong> excitable membrane formed on <strong>the</strong> 

surface <strong>of</strong> protoplasmic drops isolated from Nitella: IV. Excitability <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> drop membrane in various 

compositions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> external salt solution. Biochimica Biophysica Acta 330: 27-38, 5 figs. 

INOUE, I., ISHIDA, N. & KOBATAKE, Y., 1974. Studies <strong>of</strong> excitable membrane formed on <strong>the</strong> 

surface <strong>of</strong> protoplasmic drops isolated from Nitella: V. Effect <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> chemical modification <strong>of</strong> 

membrane proteins with SH reagents on excitability. Biochemica Biophysica Acta 367: 24-31. 

INOUE, I., ISHIMA, Y., HORIE, H. & TAKENAKA, Y., 1971. Properties <strong>of</strong> excitable membrane 

produced on <strong>the</strong> surface <strong>of</strong> protoplasmic drop in Nitella. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Japanese Academy 47: 

549-553. 

INOUE, I., UEDA,T. & KOBATAKE, Y., 1973. Studies <strong>of</strong> excitable membrane formed on <strong>the</strong> surface 

<strong>of</strong> protoplasmic drops isolated from Nitella: I. Confirmation <strong>of</strong> surface membrane determined from <strong>the</strong> 

refractive index and from enzyme actions. Biochemica Biophysica Acta 298: 653-663. 

IONESCU, V., 1975. Contributions to <strong>the</strong> knowledge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> from Roumania. Acta Botanica 

Horti Bucurestiensis 1974: 191-197. [12 Chara, 7 Nitella, 3 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa, 


IONESCU-TECULESCU, V. & CHINILA, C., 1971. Contributii la cunoasterea algelor din orezarilla 

de la Chinnogi (Ilfov). (Contributions to <strong>the</strong> knowledge <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> algae in <strong>the</strong> rice cultures <strong>of</strong> Chinnogi 

(Ilfov). Ann. Univ. Bucur. Biol. Veg. 20: 123-130. [Rumanian , english summary] 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V. & GODEANU-NEAGU, M., 1970. Influenta chimismuli aper si solului 

asupra dezvoltarii unor Characee din Delta Dunarii. Peuce Studii si Comunicari de St. Nat. Tulcea 

1970: 261-267. [Rumanian] 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V. & STEFUREAC, T., 1969. Contribution à la connaissance des 

Characées de Roumanie IV. Revue Roumaine de Biologie, sér. Botanique 14: 357-362, 2 figs. 

(distribution maps). [C. tomentosa, C. vulgaris, C. gymnophylla (as vulgaris var.), C. globularis, C. 

connivens (globularis f.), C. braunii, Tol. prolifera, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1967a. (<strong>Characeae</strong> in <strong>the</strong> north-east <strong>of</strong> Dobrudja and <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Balta 

Brailei). Acta Botanica Horti Bucurestiensis 1966: 253-268, 6 figs. (1 map, 4 distribution maps). 

[Roumanian, english summary] [C. vulgaris, C. globularis, C. braunii, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. syncarpa, 

N. mucronata (as N. furcata), N. tenuissima, N. gracilis, Tol. intricata]. 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1967b. (A new genus <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> family (Lychnothamnus) in our 

country's flora). Acta Botanica Horti Bucurestiensis 1966: 269-275, 11 figs. (2 distribution maps). 

[Roumanian, english summary] [Lychn. barbatus, N. mucronata, C. globularis]. 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1968. Characeen aus dem Donaudelta. Bulgarische Akademie der 

Wissenschaften, Zoologisches Institut, Limnologische Berichte der X. Jubiläumtagung 

Donauforschung, 10-20 Oktober 1966: 191-197, 1 map. [Nitellopsis obtusa, N. gracilis, N. mucronata]. 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1970a. Characee din regiunea Portilor de Fier. (<strong>Characeae</strong> in <strong>the</strong> 

"Portile de Fier" region). Acta Botanica Horti Bucurestiensis (Lucrãrile Grãdinii Botanice din 

Bucuresti) 1968: 93-95, 1 fig. (distribution map). [Rumanian, english summary] [C. vulgaris, C. 

contraria, C. fragilis, C. braunii, N. mucronata (as furcata var.), N. gracilis]. 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1970b. Date asupra ecologiei unor <strong>Characeae</strong> din zona inundabila a 

Dunarii. Analele Univ. Bucuresti 19: 183-192. 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1972a. Associations de <strong>Characeae</strong> de la zone inundable du Danube. 

Revue Roumaine de Biologie, sér. Botanique 17: 9-18. [C. tomentosa, C. fragilis, C. vulgaris, C. 

braunii, C. connivens, C. canescens, N. mucronata, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. prolifera, Lychn. barbatus]. 

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1972b. Date asupra rãspídirii Characeelor in România II. (Some data 

concerning <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> in Rumania II.). Analele Universitãtii Bucuresti, Biologie 

vegetalie 21: 85-90, 2 figs. (distribution maps). [Rumanian, english summary] [C. tomentosa, C. 

vulgaris, C. hispida, C. canescens, C. connivens, C. fragifera, N. flexilis, Tol. intricata].

IONESCU-TECULESCU, V., 1972c. Alge micro- si macr<strong>of</strong>ite din unele asociatii de <strong>Characeae</strong>. 

(Micro- and macrophytes algae from some <strong>Characeae</strong> associations). Acta Botanica Horti 

Bucurestiensis (Lucrãrile Grãdinii Botanice din Bucuresti) 1970/1971: 379-386. [Rumanian, english 

summary] [C. vulgaris, C. aspera, C. connivens, C. braunii, C. canescens, N. mucronata, Tol. intricata]. 

IQBAL HABIB & PANDEY, U.C., 1990. Freshwater charophytes <strong>of</strong> Nakatia River, Bareilly (U.P.) 

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cultural studies. pp. 219-265. Associated Publishing Company, New Delhi. VIII + 642 pp., pl., figs. 

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ISHCHENKO, T.A. & ISHCHENKO, A.A., 1982. (Nouvelles trouvailles de Charophytes dans le 

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fossiles d'Ukraine.) pp. 21-32, pl. V-VI. Naukova Dumka, Kiev. [Paleobotany] [Russian] 

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Podolie. Doklady Akad. Sci. URSS 220: 209-211. [Paleobotany] 

ISHCHENKO, T.A., 1975. Flore du Sibérien terminal de Podolie. Akad. Nauk SSR Ukraine. Institut 

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ITZIGSOHN, H., 1849. Die märkischen Charen. Botanische Zeitung 7: 194-196. 

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batrachosperma, C. alopecuroides] 

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769, pl. 8 fig. 1-3. [N. syncarpa] [Detailed drawings <strong>of</strong> stomata-cells (!) with Nitella, probably some 

epiphytes]. 

ITZIGSOHN, H., 1850c. Wimperepi<strong>the</strong>lium der Chara fragilis. Botanischer Zeitung 8: 769-770, pl. 8 

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IVA, M., MARGARIT, M. & MARGARIT, G., 1970. Sur quelques Characées des couches de Turbuta 

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Hydrophyten-Vegetation. Botanisk Tidsskrift 40: 277-333. [<strong>Characeae</strong> p. 300 & pp. 332-333, C. 

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elektrowni. (The Goslawickie lake before <strong>the</strong> delivery <strong>of</strong> warmed discharge waters from <strong>the</strong> power 

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documentation code. Archiv für Hydrobiologie/Suppl. 41: 450-481. 

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Limnologica 1: 475-545. [N. syncarpa, N. opaca, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, N. gracilis, Nitellopsis 

obtusa, C. tomentosa, C. jubata, C. contraria, C. polyacantha, C. foetida, C. rudis, C. hispida, C. aspera, 

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Chara, 10 Nitella, 3 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa (as C. stelligera), Lamp. papulosum (as Lych. 

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capillaris, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, N. gracilis, Tol. prolifera, C. braunii, C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. 

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Wlodawskiego. Pol. Archiw Hydrobiol. 1965: 

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poludniowej Polski. 2. (A contribution to <strong>the</strong> flora <strong>of</strong> Charophyta <strong>of</strong> central and sou<strong>the</strong>rn Poland. 2). 

Acta Hydrobiologica 18: 193-200. [Polish, english summary] [N. mucronata, C. braunii, C. contraria, 

C. aculeolata, C. vulgaris, C. rudis, C. hispida, C. fragilis, C. delicatula]. 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1963. Przyczynek do badan nad flora ramienic Lubelszczyzny (Polska 

wschodnia). Czesc I. (Contribution á l'étude de la flore des Charophycées de la région de Lublin 

(Pologne oriental). Partie I.). Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 32: 165-169. [Polish, french 

summary] [N. syncarpa, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, Nitellopsis obtusa, C. tomentosa, C. contraria, C. 

intermedia, C. vulgaris, C. crassicaulis, C. rudis, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. fragilis]. 

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Fasciculus I, nr. 1-10. Lublin. 4 pp. 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1965b. Przyczynek do badan nad flora ramienic Lubelszczyzny (Polska 

wschodnia). Czesc II. (Contribution á l'étude de la flore des Charophycées de la région de Lublin 

(Pologne oriental). Partie II.). Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 34: 385-388. [Polish, french 

summary] [N. syncarpa, N. capillaris, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, Lychn. barbatus, C. contraria, C. 

intermedia, C. vulgaris, C. crassicaulis, C. aspera, C. fragilis]. 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1966a. Przyczynek do badan nad flora ramienic Lubelszczyzny (Polska 

wschodnia). Czesc III. (Contribution á l'étude de la flore des Charophycées de la région de Lublin 

(Pologne oriental). Partie III.). Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 35: 265-271. [Polish, french 

summary] [N. syncarpa, N. flexilis, Nitellopsis obtusa, C. braunii, C. contraria, C. jubata, C. vulgaris, 

C. rudis, C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. delicatula]. 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1967. Variabilité et distribution géographique de Lychnothamnus barbatus 

(Meyen) Leonh. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 36: 431-439, 2 figs. (distribution maps). [Key] 

[C. fragilis, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus]

KARCZMARZ, K., 1968. Charophyceae Poloniae exsiccati Reg. Lublinensis (Polonia orientalis). 

Fasciculus II, nr. 11-20. Lublin. 4 pp. [N. gracilis, C. braunii, C. contraria, C. jubata, C. vulgaris, C. 

crassicaulis, C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. delicatula] 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1971. Charophyceae Europae orientalis exsiccatae. Reg. Lublinensis (Polonia 

orientalis). Fasciculus 1, nr. 1-15. Lublin. 5 pp. [N. flexilis, N. mucronata, Tol. glomerata, Tol. 

prolifera, Tol. nidifica, Nitellopsis obtusa, C. canescens, C. tomentosa, C. contraria, C. jubata, C. 

baltica, C. hispida, C. aspera] 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1973. On <strong>the</strong> ecological requirements <strong>of</strong> Chara delicatula Agardh. Annales 

Universitatis Mariae-Curie-Sklodowska, sect. C 28: 117-123. [N. flexilis, N. syncarpa, C. delicatula] 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1975. Sukcesja zespolow i wystepowanie ramienic na Pojezierzu Leczynsko- 

Wlodawskim. (The succession <strong>of</strong> associations and <strong>the</strong> occurrence <strong>of</strong> stoneworts in <strong>the</strong> Leczna and 

Wlodawa Lake District). Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sect. C 30: 113-118, 1 fig. 

[Polish, english summary] [N. syncarpa, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, Nitellopsis obtusa, C. vulgaris, C. 

fragilis, C. delicatula, C. contraria, C. jubata, C. rudis, C. aspera, C. aculeolata, C. hispida, C. 

tomentosa] 

KARCZMARZ, K., 1980. Strefowosc rozmieszczenia ramienic w glebokich jeziorach krasowych na 

Pojezierzu Leczynsko-Wlodawskim. (Zone distribution <strong>of</strong> Stoneworts in deep karst lakes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Leczna 

and Wlodowa Lake district). Annales Universitatis Mariae-Curie-Sklodowska, sect. C 35: 43-52, 5 

figs. (distribution maps). [Polish, english summary] [C. rudis, C. contraria, C. aspera, C. hispida, C. 

fragilis, C. jubata, C. braunii, C. tomentosa, C. aculeolata, C. crassicaulis, C. vulgaris, C. tenuispina, C. 

delicatula, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus, N. flexilis, N. syncarpa, N. mucronata, N. tenuissima, 

N. gracilis] 

KARLING, J.S., 1924. A preliminary account <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> influence <strong>of</strong> light and temperature on growth and 

reproduction in Chara fragilis. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 51: 469-488, pl. 11-13. 

KARLING, J.S., 1926. Nuclear and cell division in Nitella and Chara. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical 

Club 53: 319-379. 

KARLING, J.S., 1927. Variations in <strong>the</strong> mature an<strong>the</strong>ridium <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. A descriptive study in 

morphogenesis. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 54: 187-230. 

KARLING, J.S., 1928a. Nuclear and cell division in an<strong>the</strong>ridial filaments <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Torrey Botanical Club 55: 11-39. 

KARLING, J.S., 1928b. Studies in <strong>the</strong> Chytridiales I. The life history and occurrence <strong>of</strong> Entophlyctis 

heliomorpha (Dang.) Fischer. American Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 15: 32-42. 

KARLING, J.S., 1928c. Studies in <strong>the</strong> Chytridiales II. Contributions to <strong>the</strong> life history and occurrence 

<strong>of</strong> Diplophlyctis intestina (Schenk) Schroeter in cells <strong>of</strong> American <strong>Characeae</strong>. American Journal <strong>of</strong> 

Botany 15: 204-214, pl. 14. [Parasites in: C. braunii, C. fragilis, C. delicatula, C. vulgaris, C. contraria, 

C. zeylanica, C. disjuncta, N. flexilis, N. glomerulifera, N. gracilis, N. tenuissima, Lamp. papulosum, 

Lychn. barbatus] 

KARLING, J.S., 1930. A preliminary descriptive study <strong>of</strong> a parasitic monad in cells <strong>of</strong> American 

<strong>Characeae</strong>. American Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 17: 928-937, pl. 56-58. [Parasites in: C. braunii, C. fragilis, C. 

delicatula, C. contraria, C. zeylanica, C. gymnopus, N. flexilis, N. glomerulifera, N. gracilis, N. 

tenuissima, N. opaca, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. barbatus] 

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relatives <strong>of</strong> land plants. Science 294: 2351-2353. 

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uwzglednieniem Wielko-Polski. Sprawozdania Poznanskiego Towarzystwa Przyjaciol Nauk. 33: 212- 

216. [Polish] 

KARPINSKY, A.P., 1906. Die Trochilisken. Mémoires du comité géologique St. Pétersbourg, n.s. 

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scientifiques I. pp. 437-439. Edition Académie Sciences URSS. [Paleobotany] 

KARSTEN, H., 1891. Abbildungen zur Deutschen Flora H. Karsten's nebst den ausländischen 

medicinischen Pflanzen und Ergänzungen für das Studium der Morphologie uns Systemkunde. R. 

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fremdländischen medicinisch und technisch wichtigen Pflanzen, Droguen und deren chemischphysiologischen 

Eigenschaften. Für alle Freunde der Pflanzenwelt. Teil I. Zweite Auflage. E. Köhler,

Gera-Untermhaus (Reuss). Register (46 pp.) + 27 + 491 pp., 324 pl. [Key] [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 31, 44, 45, 

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KASAKI, H., 1962. On <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> Nitellopsis (Charophyta). Acta Phytotaxonomia et 

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KASHIMURA, T., 1956a. Distribution <strong>of</strong> stoneworts in Lake Towada in its relation to <strong>the</strong> light factor. 

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KASHIMURA, T., 1956b. Lake Tsuta and its vegetation. Science Reports <strong>of</strong> Tôhoku University 4th 

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KASHIMURA, T., 1957. Die Verteilung des gelösten Sauerst<strong>of</strong>fs im Tsuta-see mit Rücksicht auf die 

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KASHIMURA, T., 1960. The influence <strong>of</strong> some ecological factors on <strong>the</strong> growth <strong>of</strong> Nitella flexilis. 

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KAUSHIK, J.P., 1969. The vegetation <strong>of</strong> marshes, ponds and riverbanks in Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh. 

Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Botanical Survey <strong>of</strong> India 11: 84-88. [C. corallina (is C. australis)] 

KAUSIK, S.B. & BHATTACHARYA, S.S., 1971. Structure and development <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> sex organs in 

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KAUTSKY, L., 1990. Seed and tuber banks <strong>of</strong> aquatic macrophytes in <strong>the</strong> Askö area, nor<strong>the</strong>rn Baltic 

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KAWABE, T., MAEDA, S., PONCE-VILLAGOMEZ, J. & ESCOBAR, A., 1981. Newly found 

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Society, London. XXXII + 219 pp. [Charophyta p. 3: C. contraria, C. delicatula, C. globularis, C. 

vulgaris, C. hispida, N. flexilis, N. translucens, N. gracilis, N. mucronata, Tol. glomerata, Tol. 

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KEPCZYNSKI, K., 1960. Zespoly roslinne jezior Skepskich i otaczajacych je lak. Studia Societatis 

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characean algae. Journal <strong>of</strong> Cell Biology 63(2): no. 330. 

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KEUNECKE, P., 1971. Untersuchung über die Eignung eines Meßoszillators für vergleichende 

Widerstands- und Spannungsmessungen an der Süßwasseralge Nitella flexilis bei Bestrahlung und 

Beleuchtung. Dissertation Universität Kiel. [N. flexilis is N. mucronata] 

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irradiation. Atomkernenergie 20: 320-324, 6 figs. [N. flexilis is N. mucronata] 

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Charales. G.K.V.J. Science Reports 6: 18-20. 

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Phykos 6: 36-47, 17 figs. [15 Chara species] 

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Phykos 6: 48-61, 25 figs. [19 Nitella species] 

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Charophytes. Phykos 6: 61-74, 2 pl. [N. flexilis (opaca) n = 6, N. mirabilis n = 6, N. acuminata n = 18, 

N. stuartii n = 15, N. dualis n = 9, N. furcata n = 18, ssp. flagelliformis n = 9, N. tenuissima n = 18, N. 

pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata n = 18, N. gracilis var. confervacea n = 18, var. leptosoma n = 9, var. annandalei n = 

9, N. hyalina n = 18, N. translucens var. axillaris n = 18, C. vulgaris n = 28, C. globularis n = 28, var. 

virgata n = 14, C. setosa n = 28, C. zeylanica f. humboltiana n = 28, f. oerstediana n = 42, C. braunii n 

= 14, C. corallina n = 42, var. wallichii n = 14, C. fibrosa n = 14, C. bharadwajae n = 14, Lychn. 

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reference to India. In: D.C. Bharadwaj (ed.) - Recent advances in cryptogamic botany. Part I: Living 

cryptogams. pp. 55-82, 2 distribution maps. The Palaeobotanical Society, Lucknow. pp. 1-259, 32 

figs., 2 pl. [C. vulgaris n=14, 28, 35, C. globularis n=14, 28, C. setosa n=14, 28, C. zeylanica n=28, 42, 

49, 56, C. braunii n=7, 14, 28, 35, C. corallina n=42, C. socotrensis n=14, 28, C. fibrosa n=14, 28, 42, 

56, Lamp. succinctum n=14, 42, Lychn. barbatus n=14, 28, N. mirabilis n=6, 9, N. dualis n=9, N. 

furcata n=9, 12, 18, 24, 36, N. tenuissima n=18, 24, 36, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata n=10, 21, 27, N. gracilis 

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spor. rast. Botan.Inst. ANSSSR (Notulae Systematicae sect. Cryptogamia, Inst. Bot. V.L. Komarovii) 

13: 107-113, 4 figs.. [Paleobotany] [Russian with latin nomenclature and summary]. 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1961. K poznaniju iskopaemih harovih vodoroslej SSSR (A contribution to <strong>the</strong> 

investigation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fossil Charophyceae in <strong>the</strong> USSR). Botaniceskij zurnal SSSR. 46: 1309-1315, 1 

pl., 1 map. [Paleobotany] [Russian]

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1965. (Algues Charophytes des sédiments quaternaires et néogènes dans la 

région de la Kama moyenne). Tez. Dokl. Perv. Vses. Paleoalg. Sov. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Sibi Otd. Inst. 

Geol. Geoph. 1965: 26-27. [Paleobotany] [Russian, french summary] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1966. Charophyta fossilia nova et curiosa e sedimentis quaternariis regionis in 

fluxu medio fluminis kama jacentis. Novitatis Systematica Plantarum non vascularium 3: 115-125, 2 

pl. [Paleobotany] [Russian and latin] [C. aspera, C. canescens, C. vulgaris, C. fragilis] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1967a. Species et formae Charophytorum e pleiocaeno superiore RSSA 

Tatariae. Novitatis Systematica Plantarum non vascularium 4: 92-100, 8 figs. [Paleobotany] [Russian 

and latin] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1967b. (<strong>Characeae</strong> des sédiments pliocènes et quaternaires de la région 

moyenne Kama). In: Algues fossiles d'URSS. pp. 47-53. Moscou Nauka. [Paleobotany] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1970. Charophyta e sedimentis quaternariis partis australis depressionis sibiriae 

occidentalis. I. Novitatis Systematica Plantarum non vascularium 7: 32-41, 9 figs. [Paleobotany] 

[Russian and latin] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1971a. (A comparative study <strong>of</strong> recent and fossil Charophyta: <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

fructification in Nitellopsis obtusa and <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> gyrogonites in <strong>the</strong> species Tectochara). Botaniceskij 

zurnal 56: 106-117, 2 figs. (1 distribution map), 2 pl. [Paleobotany] [Russian, english summary] 

[Nitellopsis obtusa] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1971b. Charophyta e sedimentis quaternariis partis australis depressionis 

sibiriae occidentalis. II. Novitatis Systematica Plantarum non vascularium 8: 88-103, 1 fig., 2 pl. 

[Russian and latin] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1974. Charophyta e sedimentis quaternariis Baschkiriae. Novitatis Systematica 

Plantarum non vascularium 11: 85-95. [Paleobotany] [Russian and latin] 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1975. Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv.) Groves e Aktschagylo Baschkiriae. Novitates 

Systematica Plantarum non vascularium 12: 132-135, 1 pl. 

KRASSAVINA, L.K., 1978. Interesting records <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fossile Charophyta from <strong>the</strong> Eastern Siberia. 

Botanic Journal 63: 226-233, pl. I-II. [Paleobotany] 

KRATOCHWIL, A. & SCHWABE, A., 2001. Ökologie der Lebensgemeinschaften. Biozönologie. 

Eugen Ulmer, Stuutgart. 756 pp., 286 figs. [p. 236, fig. 6.15: Equisetum fluviatile-Chara sp. - 

Gesellschaft] 

KRAUSCH, H.D., 1964. Die Pflanzengesellschaften des Stechlinsee-Gebietes. I. Die Gesellschaften 

des <strong>of</strong>fenen Wassers. Limnologica 2: 145-203, 8 figs., pl. IV-V (1 map), 1 distribution map. [C. aspera, 

C. filiformis, C. aculeolata, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. tomentosa, C. delicatula, C. contraria, N. opaca, 

N. flexilis, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

KRAUSCH, H.D., 1965a. Zur Gliederung des Scirpo-Phragmitetum medioeuropaeum W. Koch 1926. 

Limnologica 3: 17-22. [C. delicatula, C. hispida, C. filiformis]. 

KRAUSCH, H.D., 1965b. Vegetationskundliche Beobachtungen im Donaudelta. Limnologica 3: 271- 


KRAUSCH, H.D., 1968a. Die Pflanzengesellschaften des Stechlinsee-Gebietes. IV. Die Moore. 

Limnologica 6: 321-380. [C. vulgaris]. 

KRAUSCH, H.D., 1968b. Zur Gliederung der Characeen-Gesellschaften. In: R. Tüxen (red.) - 

Pflanzensoziologische Systematik. Bericht über das internationale Symposium in Stolzenau/Weser 

1964 der internationalen Vereinigung für Vegetationskunde. pp. 176-180. W. Junk, Den Haag. [C. 

fragilis, C. contraria, C. filiformis, C. canescens, C. hispida, C. baltica, C. connivens, C. aspera, C. 

tomentosa, C. aculeolata, C. delicatula, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. opaca, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, Tol. 

glomerata, Tol. nidifica, Tol. hispanica, Lychn. barbatus, Lamp. papulosum, Lamp, hansenii]. 

KRAUSE, P.G., 1939. Die Tiefbohrung Tilsit-Waldh<strong>of</strong> nebst Bemerkungen zur staatlichen Bohrung 

Labiau und zu einigen anderen ostpreussischen Bohrungen. Jahresbericht der Preussische Geologische 

Landesanstalt 59: 370-422. [Paleobotany] 

KRAUSE, W. & GRÜTTNER, A., 1990. Über einen Fund der Chara tenuispina im Bodenseegebiet 

mit Blick auf die Gesamtverbreitung der Pflanze (A recently found growing site <strong>of</strong> Chara tenuispina A. 

Br. in SW-Germany related to its general distribution). Carolinea 48: 31-36, 3 figs. (1distribution map). 

[C. tenuispina, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. vulgaris, C. fragilis, C. canescens, C. tomentosa, N. 

tenuissima]. 

KRAUSE, W. & KING, J.J., 1994. The ecological status <strong>of</strong> Lough Corrib, Ireland, as indicated by 

physiographic factors, water chemistry and macrophytic flora. Vegetatio 110: 149-161, 3 maps (1 

distribution map). [N. flexilis, N. opaca, C. delicatula, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. desmacantha, C. 

contraria, C. denudata, C. aculeolata]

KRAUSE, W. & LANG, G., 1975. Klasse Charetea fragilis (Fukarek 1961 nn.) Krausch 1964. In: E. 

Oberdorfer (red.) - Süddeutsche Pflanzengesellschaften. Teil 1. 2. Auflage. Pflanzensoziologie 10 

(1977): 78-88. Id. 3. Auflage. (1992). p. 78-88. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart. Id. 4. Auflage (1998). 

Fischer Verlag, Berlin & Stuttgart. [see also Krause 1998] [6 Nitella, 11 Chara, 3 Tolypella species, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus] 


Oberdorfer (red.) - Süddeutsche Pflanzengesellschaften. Teil 1. 3. Auflage. p. 78-88. G. Fischer 

Verlag, Stuttgart. 312 pp., figs. [see also Krause 1998] [6 Nitella, 11 Chara, 3 Tolypella species, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus] 


Oberdorfer (red.) - Süddeutsche Pflanzengesellschaften. Teil 1. 4. Auflage. Fischer Verlag, Berlin & 

Stuttgart. 314 pp., figs. [see also Krause 1998] [6 Nitella, 11 Chara, 3 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis 

obtusa, Lychn. barbatus] 

KRAUSE, W. & SCHULTZ-HOCK, R., 1988. Physiographical, macrophytical and hydrochemical 

features <strong>of</strong> 18 Irish lakes. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Limnologie, Erweiterte Zusammenfassung zur 

Jahrestagung 1988 in Goslar, Bd. 1: 234-237. 

KRAUSE, W. & WALTER, E., 1995. Die Characeen der Teiche in Oberfranken. Berichte der 

Bayerische Botanische Gesellschaft 65: 51-58, 6 figs. (3 distribution maps). [N. flexilis, N. gracilis, C. 

vulgaris, C. globularis, C. contraria, C. braunii]. 

KRAUSE, W., 1969. Zur Characeenvegetation der Oberrheinebene (<strong>Characeae</strong> in <strong>the</strong> upper plain <strong>of</strong> 

<strong>the</strong> Rhine). Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement 35: 202-253, 11 figs. (3 maps, 5 distribution maps). 

[8 Nitella, 3 Tolypella, 7 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

KRAUSE, W., 1971. Die Makrophytische Wasservegetation der südlichen Oberrheinaue. - Die 

Äschenregion. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement 37: 387-465. 

KRAUSE, W., 1975. Siedlungen gefährdeter Pflanzen in Baggerseen der Oberrheinebene. Beiträge zur 

naturkundlichen Forschung Südwest-Deutschland 34: 187-199, 6 figs. (3 distribution maps). 

[Nitellopsis obtusa, N. mucronata, N. opaca, N. batrachosperma, N. tenuissima, C. vulgaris, C. aspera, 

C. hispida, C. braunii] 

KRAUSE, W., 1976a. Veränderungen im Artenbestand makroskopischer Süßwasseralgen in 

Abhängigkeit vom Ausbau des Oberrheins. Schriftenreihe für Vegetationskunde 10: 227-237. 

KRAUSE, W., 1976b. Characeen aus Bayern. Teil 1. Bestimmungsschlüssel und Abbildungen. 

Berichten der Bayerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft 47: 229-257, 22 pl. [Key] [C. tomentosa, C. 

hispida, C. intermedia, C. fragilis, C. delictula, C. aspera, C. vulgaris, C. contraria, C. strigosa, C. 

braunii, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata, Lychn. barbatus, N. mucronata, N. tenuissima, N. syncarpa, 

N. flexilis, N. opaca] 

KRAUSE, W., 1978. Gezielte Bodenentblößung und Anlage frischer Wasserflächen als Mittel der 

Bestandserneuerung in Naturschutzgebieten. Beihefte Veröffentlungen Naturschutz und Landschafts- 

Pflege in Baden-Württemberg 11: 247-250. [C. braunii, Tol. intricata, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. 

batrachosperma] 

KRAUSE, W., 1979a. Die Lebensform der Characeen unter dem Wasserregime des Oberrheins. In: O. 

Wilmanns & R. Tüxen (red.) - Werden und Vergehen von Pflanzengesellschaften. Berichte der 

<strong>International</strong>en Symposium der <strong>International</strong>en Vereinigung für Vegetationskunde, Rinteln 1978. pp. 

54-62. J. Cramer, Vaduz. [C. tomentosa, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. braunii, C. rudis, C. hispida, C. 

vulgaris, C. fragilis, Tol. intricata, Tol. prolifera, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. batrachosperma, N. opaca, N. 

syncarpa, N. tenuissima, N. flexilis]. 

KRAUSE, W., 1979b. Die Rückkehr verschollener Pflanzen und Pflanzengesellschaften auf 

neugeschaffene anthropogene Standorte. In: O. Wilmanns & R. Tüxen (red.) - Werden und Vergehen 

von Pflanzengesellschaften. Berichte der <strong>International</strong>en Symposium der <strong>International</strong>en Vereinigung 

für Vegetationskunde, Rinteln 1978. pp. 315-326. J. Cramer, Vaduz. [C. braunii, Tol. intricata, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, N. batrachosperma] 

KRAUSE, W., 1980. Zur Gesellschaftsbildung der Characeen in der Oberrheinebene. Phytocoenologia 

7: 305-312. [C. vulgaris, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. braunii, Tol. intricata, Tol. 

glomerata, Nitetellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus, N. syncarpa, N. tenuissima, N. batrachosperma, N. 

opaca, N. mucronata] 

KRAUSE, W., 1981a. Characeen als Bioindikatoren für den Gewässerzustand. Limnologica 13: 399- 

418. [10 Nitella, 5 Tolypella, 16 Chara species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus, Lamp. papulosum] 

KRAUSE, W., 1981b. Über das Verhältnis von Beständigkeit und Veränderung in der 

Wasservegetation der Oberrheinebene. In: A. Schwabe-Braun (red.) - Vegetation als anthropoökologischer 

Gegenstand: Gefährdete Vegetation und ihre Erhaltung. Berichte der <strong>International</strong>en

Symposium der <strong>International</strong>en Vereinigung für Vegetationskunde, Rinteln. pp. 133-154, 3 figs. 

Cramer, Vaduz. [Tol. intricata, Tol. glomerata, C. vulgaris, C. contraria, C. hispida, Nitellopsis obtusa, 

N. batrachosperma, N. opaca] 

KRAUSE, W., 1983a. Characeen-Standorte in Portugal mit besonderer Rücksicht auf den Einfluß des 

Menschen. Mitteilungen der Floristich-soziologischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft, N.F. 3: 289-296, 2 figs. (1 

map). [C. polyacantha, C. braunii, C. fragifera, C. vulgaris, C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. contraria, C. 

connivens, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. translucens, N. hyalina, N. gracilis, N. batrachosperma, N. capillaris] 

KRAUSE, W., 1983b. Zum Formenkreis der Chara aspera Willd. in Bayern. Berichte der Bayerischen 

Botanischen Gesellschaft 54: 151-160, 8 figs. [C. aspera, C. strigosa, C. desmacantha] 

KRAUSE, W., 1984. Rote Liste der Armleuchteralgen (Characeen). In: J. Blab, E. Nowak, W. 

Trautmann & H. Sukopp (red.) - Rote Liste der gefährdeten Tiere und Pflanzen in der Bundesrepublik 

Deutschland, 4. Auflage. pp. 184-187. Greven, Kilda. Naturschutz aktuell 1. [Red list] 

KRAUSE, W., 1985. Über die Standortsansprüche und das Ausbreitungsverhalten der Stern- 

Armleuchteralge Nitellopsis obtusa (Desvaux) J. Groves. Carolinea 42: 31-42, 4 figs. [Nitellopsis 

obtusa, C. tomentosa, C. contraria, C. aspera, C. fragilis, C. vulgaris, C. filiformis, C. intermedia, C. 

hispida, C. connivens, N. flexilis, N. opaca, N. mucronata, N. syncarpa, N. gracilis, N. tenuissima, 

Lychn. barbatus, Tol. glomerata] 

KRAUSE, W., 1986a. Die Bart-Armleuchteralge Lychnothamnus barbatus im Klopeiner See, Kärnten. 

Carinthia II 176./96: 337-354, 2 figs. [Lychn. barbatus, Nitellopsis obtusa, C. hispida, C. contraria, C. 

tomentosa, C. fragilis, C. vulgaris, C. rudis, C. aspera, N. gracilis] 

KRAUSE, W., 1986b. Zur Bestimmungsmöglichkeit subfossiler Characeen-Oosporen am Beispielen 

aus Schweizer Seen (An attempt to determine subfossile oospores <strong>of</strong> Charophyta from Swiss lakedeposits). 

Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich 131: 295-313, 7 figs. [Key 

for oospores] [Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus, Tol. glomerata, C. tomentosa, C. hispida, C. 

fragilis, C. delicatula, C. contraria, C. strigosa. C. aspera, C. vulgaris, N. mucronata, N. gracilis, N. 

batrachosperma, N. tenuissima, N. flexilis, N. opaca, N. syncarpa, N. capillaris, N. hyalina] 

KRAUSE, W., 1990. Zum Neufund der Chara kokeilii A. Br. im Skutarisee. Carinthia II 180./100: 

705-713, 4 figs. (1 distribution map). [C. kokeilii, C. fragilis, C. tenuispina, C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, 

C. aspera, C. denudata, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. tenuissima, N. hyalina, N. batrachosperma] 

KRAUSE, W., 1992. Die taxonomische Zuordnung von Lamprothamnium hansenii Sonder und Nitella 

spanioclema Groves & Bullock-Webster (Charophyta) im Lichte neuer Gelände- und Herbarstudien 

(The taxonomic classification <strong>of</strong> Lamprothamnium hansenii Sonder and Nitella spanioclema Gr. et B.- 

W. (Charophyta) in <strong>the</strong> light <strong>of</strong> new studies in <strong>the</strong> field and in <strong>the</strong> herbarium). Nova Hedwigia 54: 127- 

136, 4 pl. [Lamp. hansenii, Lamp. papulosum, N. spanioclema, N. flexilis, N. opaca, N. gracilis, N. 

dixonii, N. translucens, C. globularis, C. desmacantha, C. delicatula] 

KRAUSE, W., 1993. Observations on Chara kokeilii A.Br. (Charales). Cryptogamic Botany 3: 353- 

356, 1 pl. [C. tenuispina, C. braunii, C. baueri, C. denudata, C. gymnophylla, C. kokeilii in Montenegro 

also: C. fragilis, N. hyalina, N. syncarpa, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

KRAUSE, W., 1997. Charales (Charophyceae). Süsswasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Band 18. Gustav 

Fischer Verlag, Jena. 202 pp., 77 figs. [Key] [30 Chara, 2 Lamprothamnium, 12 Nitella, 8 Tolypella 

species, Nitellopsis obtusa, Lychn. barbatus] 

KRAUSE, W., 1998. Berichtungen und Ergänzungen zu 2. u. 3. Aufl. bei S. 81, S. 86-87. In: E. 

Oberdorfer - Süddeutsche Pflanzengesellschaften Teil I. 4e Auflage. p. 305. Fischer Verlag, Berlin & 

Stuttgart. 

KRAUSS, F., 1846. Pflanzen des Cap- und Natal-Landes, gesammelt und zusammengestellt von Dr. 

Ferdinand Krauss. see: BRAUN, A. 1846. 

KRAUSS, R.W., 1958. Physiology <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> freshwater algae. Annual Review <strong>of</strong> Plant Physiology 9: 

207-244. 

KRAWIECOWA, A., 1954. W sprawie ochrony jezior lobeliowych na Pomorzu. (Pour la protection 

des lacs du type Lobelia en Pomérania). Ochrona przyrody 22: 160-166. [Polish, french summary] 

KREGER, D.R., 1962. Cell walls. In: R.A. Lewin (ed.) - Physiology and biochemistry <strong>of</strong> algae. pp. 

315-335, 3 figs. Academic Press, New York-London. XXVIII + 929 pp., figs., pl. 

KRENSKA, B., 1971. Roslinnosc naczyniowa jeziora Otalzysko i jeziora Kamien na Pojezierzu 

Kaszubskim. (Vascular plant communities in <strong>the</strong> lakes Otalzysko and Kamien in <strong>the</strong> Kashubian Lake 

District). Badania fizjograficzne nad Polska zachodnia, Seria B, Biol. 24: 161-180. [Polish, english 

summary] 

KRIEG, H. & KIES, L., 1989. Artenschutzprogramm Armleuchteralgen (Charophyta) und Süßwasser- 

Rotalgen (Rhodophyta) im Gebiet der Freien und Hansestadt Hamburg. Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg 

Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Hamburg. Schriftenreihe der Umweltbehörde Heft 30/1989. 40

pp., 11 figs., 18 distribution maps. [C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. aspera, C. fragilis, N. 

syncarpa, N. opaca, N. gracilis, Tol. intricata, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

KRIEGER, W., 1933. Die Algen. In: M. Hilzheimer (ed.) - Das Naturschutzgebiet Schildow. Teil II. 

Kalktuffgelände am Tegeler Fließ. pp. 55-84, pl. 1. J. Neumann, Neudamm und Berlin. 84 pp., 8 pl. 

[Charales pp. 80-81: C. hispida, C. fragilis] 

KRISCH, H., 1974. Zur Kenntnis der Pflanzengesellschaften der mecklenburgischen Boddenküste. 

Feddes Repertorium 85: 115-158, 4 figs., 1 map, pl 13-23. [C. baltica]. 

KRISHNAMOORTHI, K.P., 1976. Aquatic plants in relation to public health aspects in Nagpur 

district and else where. In: C.K. VARSHNEY & J. RZOSKA (eds.) - Aquatic weeds in S.E. Asia. 

Proceedings <strong>of</strong> a regional seminar on noxious aquatic vegetation, New Delhi, 12-17 December, 1973. 

pp. 162-166. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague. XVII + 396 pp., figs. 

KRISHNAMURTI, G.S.R., 1965. On <strong>the</strong> nature <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> cell wall in Chara sp. Phykos 4: 17-18. 

KRISHNAN, U., 2006. Differentiation <strong>of</strong> Chara gymnopitys A. Br. and Chara hydropitys Reich. by 

morphological characters, isozyme analysis and oospore wall ornamentation. Cryptogamie, Algologie 

27: 473-490, 33 figs. 

KRISTIANSEN, J., 1996. Dispersal <strong>of</strong> freshwater algae – a review. Hydrobiologia 336: 151-157. 

KROCKER, A.J., 1814. Florae Silesiacae renovatae, emendatae, prius ultra nongentas, circa mille, 

nunc ultra ter mille plantas, silesiae indigenas, auctae etc. Vol. III. secundum systema sexuale Linnaei, 

et Wildenow digestas, non nullis rarioribus plantis tabulis aeneis illustratis. Desuper addito indice 

generali in prioribus voluminibus deficiente. Prelo Bieli<strong>of</strong>, Wratislaviae. 

KROLIKOWSKA, J., 1997. Eutrophication processes in a shallow, macrophyte-dominated lake - 

species differentiation, biomass and <strong>the</strong> distribution <strong>of</strong> submerged macrophytes in Lake Luknajno 

(Poland). Hydrobiologia 342/343: 411-416, 3 figs. (2 distribution maps). [C. aculeolata, C. tomentosa, 

C. aspera, C. contraria, C. fragilis, Nitellopsis obtusa, N. flexilis] 

KRÖPELIN, S. & SOULIÉ-MÄRSCHE, I., 1991. Charophytes remains from Wadi Howar as evidence 

for deep Mid-Holocene fresh-water lakes in <strong>the</strong> Eastern Sahara <strong>of</strong> Northwest Sudan. Quaternary 

<strong>Research</strong> 36: 210-223. [Paleobotany] 

KRULL, J.N., 1969. Factors affecting plant die-<strong>of</strong>fs in shallow water areas. American Midland 

Naturalist 69: 293-295. [C. vulgaris] 

KRULL, J.N., 1970. Aquatic plant-macro invertebrate associations and waterfowl. Journal <strong>of</strong> Wildlife 

Management 34: 707-718. [C. vulgaris, N. flexilis] 

KRZYWANSKA, J. & KRZYWANSKI, D., 1972. Zarastanie dolów potorfowych i rowow 

melioracyjnych w dolinie Warty pod Malkowem i Bartochowem. Cz. 1. Zbiorowiska roslin wodnych 

pleutonowych i zakorzenionych oraz zbiorowiska oczeretow. (The development <strong>of</strong> vegetation in peat 

pits and meliorative ditches in <strong>the</strong> valley <strong>of</strong> Warta-rivernear Malkow and Bartochow). Zeszyty 

naukowe Uniwersytetu Lódzkiego, Seria II: Nauki matematyczno-przyrodnicze (Acta Universitatis 

Lodzensis, Folia botanica) 51: 127-144. [Polish, english summary] 

KRZYWANSKI, D., 1974. Zbiorowiska roslinne starorzeczy srodkowej Warty. (The plant 

communities <strong>of</strong> old riverbeds <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> middle part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Warta river in Central Poland). Monographiae 

Botanicae 43: 1-80. [Polish, english summary] [C. foetida] 

KRZYWANSKI, D., 1978. Zbiorowiska roslinne starorzeczy Pilicy miedzy Sulejowem a 

Tomaszowem Mazowieckim. (The plant communities <strong>of</strong> Pilica old river-beds between Sulejow and 

Tomaszow Mazowiecki in Central Poland). Zeszyty naukowe Uniwersytetu Lódzkiego, Seria II: Nauki 

matematyczno-przyrodnicze (Acta Universitatis Lodzensis, Folia botanica) 20: 107-137. [Polish, 


KRZYWOSZ, T., KRZYWOSZ, W. & RADZIEJ, J., 1980. The effect <strong>of</strong> grass carp, 

Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val.), on aquatic vegetation and ichty<strong>of</strong>auna <strong>of</strong> lake Dgal Wielki. Ekologia 

Polska 28: 433-450. 

KSIAZKIEWICZ, M., 1971a. On <strong>the</strong> origin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Inwald Limestone (Outer Carpathian Klippes). 

Bulletin de l'Académie Polonaise des Sciences, Série des sciences de la terre 19: 91-99. [Paleobotany] 

KSIAZKIEWICZ, M., 1971b. On <strong>the</strong> origin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Cieszyn Limestone in <strong>the</strong> Carpathian Flysh. 

Bulletin de l'Académie Polonaise des Sciences, Série des sciences de la terre 19: 131-136. 

[Paleobotany] 

KUCHAR, K.W., 1954. Photosyn<strong>the</strong>se von Chara Bestände bei geringem kohlensäure- und 

bicarbonatgehalt des Wassers. Planta 43: 446-460. 

KUCZEWSKY, O., 1906. Morphologische und biologische Untersuchungen an Chara delicatula f. 

bulbillifera A. Br.. Dissertation Universität Zürich. 51 pp., 19 figs., 2 pl. also as: Beihefte Botanisches 

Centralblatt 20: 25-75, 19 figs., 2 pl. [C. fragilis, C. delicatula, C. verrucosa]

KUFEL, L. & KUFEL, I., 2002. Chara beds acting as nutrient sinks in shallow lakes - a review. 

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levé géobotanique de la Suisse, Fasc. 61, pp. 1-79, 4 figs. (1 map, 1 distribution map), 1 aerial photo, 

25 distribution maps. [English summary] [C. vulgaris, C. globularis, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

LACHAVANNE, J.B. & WATTENHOFER, R., 1975. Contribution à l'étude des Macrophytes du 

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map, 1 aerial photo, 42 distribution maps, 25 unnumbered figs. [English summary] [C. aspera, C. 

contraria, C. delicatula, C. globularis, C. hispida, C. tomentosa, C. vulgaris, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. 

syncarpa, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

LACHAVANNE, J.B., 1977. Contribution a l'étude des macrophytes du Léman. Thèse Fac. des 

Sciences Université de Genève no. 1760. Texte condensée pp. 1-71, 8 figs. (2 maps, 1 distribution 

map), 2 aerial photo's, 3 pl., 10 unnumbered figs., 11 distribution maps. [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. 

delicatula, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. tomentosa, C. vulgaris, N. capillaris, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. 

mucronata, N. opaca, N. syncarpa, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

LACOURSIÈRE, E. & GRANDTNER, M.M., 1972. Les groupements ripariens entre Sainte-Famille et 

la pointe d'Argentenaye, Île d'Orléans, Quebec. Naturaliste Canadien 99: 469-507. [N. tenuissima in 

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LAIRD, M., 1956. Studies <strong>of</strong> mosquitoes and freshwater ecology in <strong>the</strong> South Pacific. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

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LAKEMAN, R.C., 1976. Water- en oeverplanten van het noordwestelijk deel van de Vinkeveense 

plassen. In: P.A. Bakker e.a. (red.) - De noordelijke Vechtplassen, flora en fauna. pp. 371-383, 4 maps 

(3 distribution maps). Commissie voor de Vecht en het oostelijk en westelijk plassengebied. 393 pp., 

figs. [Dutch] [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. globularis, C. hispida, C. vulgaris, N. mucronata, Nitellopsis 

obtusa, Tol. intricata]. 

LAKHANPAL, R.N., KAPOOR, S. & JAIN, K.P., 1974. Some Charophytic remains from <strong>the</strong> Lower 

Siwalik <strong>of</strong> Tanakpur, District Nainital. The Palaeobotanist 23: 40-43, 1 pl. [Paleobotany] 

LAKOWITZ, K., 1907. Die Algenflora der Danziger Bucht. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ostseeflora. 

Berichte der Westpreußische Botanisch-Zoologischen Verein 29, Danzig. VII + 141 pp., 70 figs., 5 

pl., 1 map. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 46-48: Tol. nidifica, C. baltica, C. aspera, C. canescens (as crinita)] 

LAKOWITZ, K., 1929a. Die Chlorophyceen (einschliesslich Charophyten), Grüntange, der gesamten 

Ostsee. Berichte über die Versammlung des Westpreussischen Botanisch-Zoologischen Vereins zu 

Danzig (Schriften der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig) 51: 85-95. 

LAKOWITZ, K., 1929b. Die Algenflora der gesamten Ostsee. Westpreussische Botanisch- 

Zoologischen Verein, Danzig. R. Friedländer & Sohn, Berlin. VIII + 474 pp., 539 figs. [Charophyta 

pp. 192-204, fig. 275-289: N. flexilis, N. mucronata, Tol. nidifica, C. canescens (as crinita), C. 

tomentosa (as ceratophylla), C. baltica, C. aspera, C. connivens, C. fragilis, Lamp. papulosum (as 

alopecuroides)] 

LAKOWITZ, K., 1931. Die Algen des Mariensees. (Ausschließlich Diatomeen und Desmidiaceen). 

Bericht des Westpreussischen Botanisch-Zoologischen Vereins zu Danzig 53: 1-15. 

LAKSHMINARAYANA, J.S.S., 1960. Algal flora <strong>of</strong> Uttar Pradesh. IV. Chlorophyceae: Conjugales, 

Siphonales and Charales. Environmental Health 5: 1-5. 

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Ecological Modelling 177: 233-244. 

LAMOTTE, M., 1847. Catalogue des plantes vasculaires de l'Europe centrale, comprenant la France, la 

Suisse, l'Allemagne. J.-B. Baillière, Paris. 103 pp. [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 102-103: C. translucens, C. flexilis, 

C. syncarpa, C. mucronata, C. gracilis, C. tenuissima Desv., C. hyalina, C. stelligera, C. glomerata, C. 

prolifera, C. polysperma, C. barbata, C. pouzolsii, C. roxburgii, C. coronata, C. scoparia, C. 

gymnophylla, C. nolteana, C. foetida, C. ceratophylla, C. hispida, C. tenuissima Gmel., C. fragilis, C. 

crinita, C. aspera] 

LAMOTTE, R.S., 1952. Catalogue <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Cenozoic plants <strong>of</strong> North America through 1950. Mem. 

Geol. Society <strong>of</strong> America 51 1-381. [Paleobotany]

LAMOUROUX, J.P., 1828. Resumé de phytogégraphie ou d'histoire naturelle des plantes, contenant 

les caractères distinctifs et la description des familles et des genres du règne végétal, avec l'histoire, la 

patrie et l'usage de toutes les espèces remarquable. Avec Iconographie de 108 planches. Tome 

premier. Bureau de l'encyclopédie portative, Paris. XVI + 220 pp., frontispice, 108 pl. [Characées pp. 

97-100, pl. 8: C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. flexilis] 

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Micropalaeontologica Sinica 20: 147-149. 

LANE, N.G., 1964. Paleoecology <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Council Grove <strong>Group</strong> (Lower Permian) in Kansas, based upon 

micr<strong>of</strong>ossil assemblages. State Geological Survey <strong>of</strong> Kansas, Bulletin 170, part 5. Lawrence, Kansas. 

23 pp., 5 figs. [Paleobotany] 

LANFRANCO, E., 1969. A revised checklist <strong>of</strong> Maltese algae. Sliema. 24 pp. [C. fragilis, C. 

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LANG, G. & DÜTSCHLER, W., 1970. Farbluftbilder und Gewässerschutz. CIBA-GEIGY 

Photochemie A.G. 10 pp., 13 figs. (1 map), 4 pl. (5 distribution maps). [C. aspera, C. contraria, C. 

tomentosa] 

LANG, G., 1967. Die Ufervegetation des westlichen Bodensees. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 

Supplement 32: 437-574. 

LANG, G., 1968. Vegetationsveränderungen am Bodenseeufer in den letzten hunderdt Jahren. 

Schriften des Vereins für die Geschichte des Bodensees 86: 295-319. 

LANG, G., 1969. Die Ufervegetation des Bodensees im farbigen Luftbild. Landeskundliche 

Luftbildauswertung im mitteleuropäischen Raum 8: 1-74. 

LANG, G., 1973a. Die Makrophytenvegetation in der Uferzone des Bodensees unter besonderer 

Berücksichtigung ihres Zeigerwertes für den Gütezustand. <strong>International</strong>e Gewässerschutzkommission 

für den Bodensee, Bericht Nr. 12. 67 pp., 25 figs. (4 maps, 44 distribution maps). [C. aspera, C. 

contraria, C. tomentosa, C. delicatula, C. dissoluta, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. imperfecta, C. vulgaris, N. 

capillaris, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. opaca, N. syncarpa, Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. glomerata]. 

LANG, G., 1973b. Die Vegetation des westlichen Bodenseegebietes. Pflanzensoziologie 17. Gustav 

Fischer Verlag, Jena. 451 pp., 40 figs. (10 maps, 28 distribution maps), 16 pl. [N. hyalina, Nitellopsis 

obtusa, C. aculeolata, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. foetida, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. intermedia, C. 

tomentosa] 

LANG, G., 1990. Die Vegetation des westlichen Bodenseegebietes. 2 e Auflage. Gustav Fischer Verlag, 

Stuttgart-New York. 462 pp., 41 figs. (10 maps, 34 distribution maps), 16 pl. [N. hyalina, Nitellopsis 

obtusa, C. aculeolata, C. aspera, C. contraria, C. foetida, C. fragilis, C. hispida, C. intermedia, C. 

tomentosa] 

LANGANGEN, A. & ÅSEN, P.A., 1996. Kransalgen Chara baltica Bruz. gjenfunnet i Gillsvannet i 

Kristiansand. (The charophyte Chara baltica Bruz. refound in lake Gilsvannet by Kristiansand). Blyttia 

54: 181-184. [Norge, english summary] [C. baltica] 

LANGANGEN, A. & BENNIKE, O., 1997. Chara baltica found in Greenland. Cryptogamie, 

Algologie 18: 375-376, 1 distribution map. [C. baltica] 

LANGANGEN, A. & BLINDOW, I., 1995. Kransalgen Tolypella canadensis Sawa i Skandinavia. 

(The charophyte Tolypella canadensis in Scandinavia). Polarflokken 19: 131-137. [Norge, english 

summary] [Tol. canadensis] 

LANGANGEN, A. & JOHNSEN, J.I., 1996. Kransalgen Chara polyacantha A.Br. funnet i Rogaland. 

(The charophyte Chara polyacantha found in Rogaland county). Blyttia 54: 43-46. [Norge, english 

summary] [C. polyacantha] 

LANGANGEN, A. & LOKKEN, S., 1999. The ocurrence <strong>of</strong> charophytes in some lakes in Vaga, 

Oppland county. Blyttia 57: 154-161. [C. contraria, C. strigosa, C. delicatula, N. opaca, N. flexilis] 

LANGANGEN, A. & PAVLIDES, G., 1998. Chara tenuispina A. Braun (Charales) found in Greece. 

Allionia 36: 93. [C. tenuispina] 

LANGANGEN, A. & SVIRIDENKO, B.F., 1995. Chara baueri A. Br., a charophyte with a disjunct 

distribution. Cryptogamie, Algologie 16: 125-132. [C. baueri] 

LANGANGEN, A., BLINDOW, I. & KOISTINEN, M., 1997. Tolypella canadensis Sawa 

(Charophyceae), a charophyte new to <strong>the</strong> flora <strong>of</strong> Finland. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora 

Fennica 73: 53-56, 1 fig., 1 distribution map. [Tol. canadensis] 

LANGANGEN, A., HANSEN, J.B. & MANN, H., 1996. The charophytes <strong>of</strong> Greenland. Cryptogamie, 

Algologie 17: 239-257, 1 fig., 9 distribution maps. [N. flexilis, N. opaca, C. canescens, C. contraria, C. 

globularis, C. delicatula, C. baltica, Tol. canadensis, Tol. nidifica]. 

LANGANGEN, A., KOISTINEN, M. & BLINDOW, I., 2002. The charophytes <strong>of</strong> Finland. 

Memoranda Soc. Fauna et Flora Fennica 78: 17-48.

LANGANGEN, A., 1971. Verneverdige Chara-sjøer i Sør-Norge. (Chara-lakes <strong>of</strong> protective value in 

sou<strong>the</strong>rn Norway). Blyttia 29: 119-131. [Norge, english summary] [C. tomentosa, C. aculeolata, C. 

contraria, C. rudis, C.strigosa, C. aspera, C. globularis] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1972a. Characé-vegetasjonen på Hvaler-øyene. (Die Characeen-vegetation auf den 

Hvaler-Inseln, südost Norwegen). Blyttia 30: 1-13. [Norge, german summary] [Lamp. papulosum, Tol. 

nidifica, C. canescens, C. aspera, C. aculeolata, C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. globularis] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1972b. The charophytes <strong>of</strong> Island. Astarte 5: 27-31, 2 figs. (distribution maps). [N. 

opaca, N. flexilis, C. globularis] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1974. Ecology and distribution <strong>of</strong> Norwegian Charophytes. Norwegian Journal <strong>of</strong> 

Botany 21: 31-52, 27 figs. (1 map, 16 distribution maps). [7 Nitella, 2 Tolypella, 10 Chara species, 

Lamp. papulosum] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1979. Chara canescens reported from Spitsbergen. Phycologia 18: 436-437. [C. 

canescens] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1987. Kransalgen Nitella flexilis funnet på Saltfjellet. (Nitella flexilis reported 

from Saltfjellet). Blyttia 45: 11. [Norge, english summary] [N. flexilis] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1991. Nyborgtjern pa Hadeland, en kransalgesjø som bør vernes. (Nyborgtjern, a 

Chara-lake <strong>of</strong> protective value). Blyttia 49: 11-15. [Norge] [C. tomentosa, C. contraria, C. aculeolata] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1992. Holetjern, kransalgene som ble borte. (Lake Holetjern, <strong>the</strong> disappearence <strong>of</strong> 

charophytes). Blyttia 50: 53-572. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1993a. Kransalgene i Nordland. (The charopphytes <strong>of</strong> Nordland). Polarflokken 17: 

491-518. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1993b. Tolypella canadensis, a charophyte new to <strong>the</strong> European flora. 

Cryptogamie, Algologie 14: 221-231. [Tol. canadensis] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1993c. Some morphological and ecological observations on Chara canescens 

(Charophyte). Cryptogamie, Algologie 14: 215-220. [C. canescens] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1994a. Hårkrans, Chara canescens Lois., en ny kransalge for Nordland. (Chara 

canescens Lois., a new charophyte to <strong>the</strong> flora <strong>of</strong> Nordland county, nor<strong>the</strong>rn Norway). Polarflokken 

18: 227-232. [Norge, english summary] [C. canescens] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1994b. Notis om kransalgene i Troms og Finnmark. (Note on <strong>the</strong> charophytes <strong>of</strong> 

Troms and Finnmark). Polarflokken 18: 41-48. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1994c. Sjøglattkrans, Tolypella normaniana Nordstedt, en endemisk kransalge for 

Nord-Norge. (Tolypella normaniana, a charophyte endemic to nor<strong>the</strong>rn Norway). Polarflokken 18: 

181-188. [Norge, english summary] [Tol. normaniana] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1994d. Tolypella normaniana Nordstedt, a little known charophyte from nor<strong>the</strong>rn 

Norway. Cryptogamie, Algologie 15: 221-236, 15 figs. (1 map, 1 distribution map). [Tol. normaniana 

n = c. 20, C. aspera]. 

LANGANGEN, A., 1994e. En enkel flora over norske kransalger. Norges Kransalger, Heft 1. Oslo. 42 

pp., 32 figs. [Key] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1995. Kalksjøer i Troms. (Chara-lakes in <strong>the</strong> county <strong>of</strong> Troms). Polarflokken 

19:111-118. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1996a. Sjeldne og truete kransalger i Norge (Rare and threatened charophytes in 

Norway). Blyttia 53: 23-30. [Norge, english summary] [Red list] [5 Chara, 5 Nitella, 3 Tolypella 

species, Lamprothamnium papulosum]. 

LANGANGEN, A., 1996b. Ferskvannsalgene som en del av det biologiske mangfoldet i Norge, og en 

foreløpig vurdering av deres vernebehov. (Freshwater algae as a part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> biological diversity in 

Norway, and a preliminary evaluation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir need for protection). Polarflokken 20: 109-114. [Norge, 


LANGANGEN, A., 1996c. Forslag til en foreløpig liste over verneverdige kransalgelokaliteter i 

Nordland. (Preliminary list <strong>of</strong> charophyte localities deserving protection in Nordland county). 

Polarflokken 20: 59-63. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1996d. Kransalgene i Østfold. (The charophytes in <strong>the</strong> county <strong>of</strong> Østfold). Natur i 

Østfold 15: 49-64. [Norge] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1996e. Kransalgesjøer i Trøndelag-spesielt den verneverdige Skjersjøen i 

Hølonda. (Chara-lakes in Trøndelag, with special attention to Lake Skjersjøen in Hølonda). Blyttia 54: 

31-35. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1996f. Langklubbvalen - en Chara-sjø på Vega i Nordland. (Langklubbvalen, a 

Chara-lake found at Vega, Nordland). Polarflokken 20: 163-164. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1996g. Some charales from <strong>the</strong> Faroes. Cryptogamie, Algologie 17:259-263.

LANGANGEN, A., 1996h. To eksempler på ødeleggelse av kransalgeloksliteter i Nordland, og noen 

generelle betraktninger omkring ødeleggelse av slike lokaliteter. (Two examples <strong>of</strong> destruction <strong>of</strong> 

charophyte localities in Nordland county, North Norway, and a general discussion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> degradation 

<strong>of</strong> such localities). Polarflokken 20: 33-38. [Norge, english summary] 

LANGANGEN, A., 1997a. Flere kalksjØer i Troms (Additional Chara-lakes in Troms, North 

Norway). Polarflokken 21: 69-72, 1 fig., 1 table. [Norge, english summary] [C. contraria, C. delicatula, 

C. aspera, C. strigosa, C. rudis]. 

LANGANGEN, A., 1997b. Kransalgen Nitella translucens (Pers.) Ag. funnet i Hanangervannet, 

Farsund kommune. (The charophyte Nitella translucens (Pers.) Ag. found in Lake Hanangervann, 

Farsund). Blyttia 55: 35-38. [Norge, english summary] [N. translucens] 

LANGANGEN, A., 2000. Chara fibrosa Agardh ex Bruzelius, a charophyte new to <strong>the</strong> European flora. 

Allionia 37: 249-252, 5 figs. (1 distribution map). [C. pelosiana = C. fibrosa] 

LANGANGEN, A., 2000. Charophytes from <strong>the</strong> warm springs <strong>of</strong> Svalbard. Polar <strong>Research</strong> 19: 143- 

153. [C. canescens] 

LANGANGEN, A., 2002. Some charophytes (Chlorophyta, Charales) from Alaska., U.S.A. Acta 

Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B, Historia Naturalis 57: 51-56. [N. flexilis, N. opaca, N. acuminata, 

C. contraria, C. globularis, C. virgata, C. aspera]. 

LANGANGEN, A., 2003. Kalksjøer med kransalgevegetasjon i Norge.1. Generell innledning samt 

beskrivelse av sjøer i Østfold, Oslo, Akershus, Hedmark og Oppland. Blyttia 61: 190-198, fig. 1-17. 

LANGANGEN, A., 2004a. Kalksjøer med kransalgevegetasjon i Norge. 2. Beskrivelse av sjøer i 

Buskerund, Wetsfold, Telemark, Agder, Vestlandet og Trøndelag. Blyttia 62: 51-57, fig. 18-31. 

LANGANGEN, A., 2004b. Charophytes from four Cyclade islands (Mykonos, Naxos, Paros and 

Antiparos) in Greece. Journal <strong>of</strong> Biological <strong>Research</strong> 1: 31-38, 10 figs. (1 map). [Lamp. papulosum, C. 

canescens, C. vulgaris, C. galioides, C. aspera, C. globularis] 

LANGANGEN, A., 2004c. Kalksjøer med kransalgevegetasjon i Norge. 3. Beskrivelse av sjøer i 

Nordland, Troms og Finmark. Blyttia 62: 198-211, fig. 32-65. 

LANGANGEN, A., 2007a. Brakkvanlokaliteter med kransalger i Norge. Blyttia 65: 12-16, fig. 1-10. 

LANGANGEN, A., 2007b. Charophytes <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Nordic counties. Saeculum ANS, Oslo. 102 pp., figs., 

distr. maps. [Key] [Red List] 

LANGANGEN, A., 2007c. Kransalger og deres forekomst i Norge; med korte beskrivelser av viktige 

norske lokaliter. (Charophytes and <strong>the</strong>ir occurrence in Norway). Saeculum ANS, Oslo. 76 pp., figs., 

distr. maps; + (1) + pp. 190-198, fig. 1-7 (Blyttia 61), + pp. 51-57, fig. 18-31 (Blyttia 62), + pp. 198- 

211, fig. 32-65 (Blyttia 62), +pp. 12-16, 10 figs. (Blyttia 65), + (1). [Key] 

LANGE, F.W., 1954. News reports. Brazil. Micropaleontology 8: 11-13. [Paleobotany] 

LANGE, J., 1856-1859. Haandbog i den Danske Flora. Ander omarbeidede udgave. [ed. 2]. C.A. 

Reitzels Forlag, Kjøbenhavn. LXVI + 764 pp. [Danish] [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 696-710: '7' Nitella, '12' Chara 

species, Tol. intricata (as Nitella), Tol. nidifica (as Nitella Stenhammariana), Lamp. papulosum (as 

Chara alopecuroides)] 

LANGE, J., 1864. Haandbog i den Danske Flora. ed. 3. C.A. Reitzels Forlag, Kjøbenhavn. CIV + 841 

pp. [Danish] [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 754, 775-791: '6' Nitella, '14' Chara species, Tol. intricata (as Nitella), Tol. 

nidifica (as Nitella Stenhammariana), Lamp. papulosum (as Chara alopecuroides)] 

LANGE, J., 1886. Bericht über seine botanische Erforschung der Kreise Danzig, Neustadt, Karthaus 

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2, 2: 1-82. Also (part 1-4): Hauniae. 399 pp., 2 pl. 

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der Brandenberg-Schichten bei Lasbeck (Eifel-Stufe, Rechts Rheinisches Schiefergebirge). Neues 

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LANGER, W., 1975. Die Kontaktmikroradiographie in der Mikropaläontologie. Dechniana 127: 215- 

219, 1 pl. 

LANGER, W., 1976. Neufunde von Sycidium G. Sandberger (nova class. Charophyta ?) aus dem 

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as for instance synonyms with C. vulgaris include C. fragilis but also C. scoparia; C. delicatula is a 

synonym with C. tenuissima; etc.] 

MÉRAT, V., 1812. Nouvelle flore des environs de Paris, suivant le système sexuel de Linnée, avec 

l'indication des vertus des plantes usitées en médicine, des détails sur leur emploi pharmaceutique, etc. 

Méquignon-Marvis, Paris. XXXVIII + 420 pp. [p. 352: Chara excluded] 

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l'indication des vertus des plantes usitées en médicine. ed. 4. Vol. 1. Méquignon-Marvis Père et Fils, 

Paris. VIII + 489 pp. [Chara pp. 478-479: C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, C. hispida, C. flexilis, C. 

capillacea, C. batrachosperma, C. syncarpa, C. gracilis] [<strong>the</strong> identity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se taxa is not clear, as for 

instance synonyms with C. vulgaris include C. fragilis but also C. scoparia; C. delicatula is a synonym 

with C. gracilis; etc.]

MÉRAT, V., 1836b. Nouvelle flore des environs de Paris suivant la méthode natturelle, avec 

l'indication des vertus des plantes usitées en médicine. ed. 5. Vol. 1. Société Belge de Librairie, etc., 

Bruxelles. VIII + 388 pp. [Chara pp. 378-379: C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, C. hispida, C. flexilis, C. 

capillacea, C. batrachosperma, C. syncarpa, C. gracilis] [<strong>the</strong> identity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se taxa is not clear, as for 

instance synonyms with C. vulgaris include C. fragilis but also C. scoparia; C. delicatula is a synonym 

with C. gracilis; etc.] 

MERCER, M.J. & MERCER, F.V., 1971. Studies on <strong>the</strong> comparative physiology <strong>of</strong> Chara corallina. 

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mucronata] 

MERIAUX, J.L., 1980. Irradiation de l'association a Carex curta Good. (= Carex canescens Merct.) at 

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NORDSTEDT, C.F.O., 1888b. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: E. ASKENASY - Algen. Forschungsreise S.M.S. 

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NORDSTEDT, C.F.O., 1889b. De Algis et Characeis 5.Ueber einige Characeen aus Spanien. Lunds 

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prolifera, Tol. glomerata, Nitellopsis obtusa, C. canescens, C. vulgaris, C. rudis, C. tomentosa, C. 

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Kosciuszkowskich i niektorych innych miejscowosci, w dorzeczu srodkowej Warty. Roczniki 

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Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 41: 315-320, 4 figs. 

PIETSCH, W., 1973a. Beitrag zur Gliederung der Europaischen Zwergbinschengesellschaften (Isoëto- 

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N. capillaris, N. translucens, N. flexilis, Tol. prolifera (as Nitella)] 

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POLAK, B., 1938. De bedreigde plassen van Nieuwkoop en Noorden. De Levende Natuur 42: 281- 

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REICHENBACH, H.G.L., 1834. Dr. Joh. Christ. Mössler's Handbuch der Gewächskunde enthaltend 

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Herzogthümer Sachsen-Altenburg, Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha und Sachsen-Meiningen, die Fürstlich 

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Herzogthümer Sachsen-Altenburg, Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha und Sachsen-Meiningen, die Fürstlich 

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Anhalt-Kö<strong>the</strong>n, die Provinz Sachsen und die Preußische Lausitß. Nebst Schlüssel zum erleichterten 

Bestimmen der Gattungen nach Linnee's Sexualsystem und deutschem und lateinischem Register. 

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REINSCH, P., 1867. Die Algenflora des mittleren Theiles von Franken (des Keupergebietes mit den 

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diesen Gebiete entdeckten neuen Arten und drei neuen Gattungen. Wilh. Schmidt, Nürnberg. VIII + 

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Revta Arquit. Eng. 8: 33-57, 46. 

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applicationem ad selecriora planterum germaniae indigenarum usu medico et oeconomico insignium

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RICE, H.M.A., 1970. Some Devonian Charophytes from Western Canada. Geological Survey <strong>of</strong> 

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Flora Boreali-Americana. However vol. 3 Cryptogames <strong>of</strong> this flora was never published, <strong>the</strong> 

manuscript circulated among botanist's <strong>of</strong> that time. So this is <strong>the</strong> first valid publication <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> family 

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RICHARD, A., 1833. Nouveaux élémens de botanique et de physiologie végétale; sixième édition 

revue, corrigée et augmentée des caractères des familles naturelles du règne végétal; contenant outre 

les 166 figures qui ornent l'édition originale, plus de 500 sujets propres a faciliter l'étude des familles. 

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adstricta, conferta sive codex botanicus Linnaeanus textum Linnaeanum integrum ex omnibus 

systematis, generum, specierum plantarum editionubus, mantissis additamentis selectumque ex ceteris 

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RIVELINE, J. & CAVELIER, C., 1987. Les Charophytes du passage Eocène moyen - Eocène 

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Curtissii, Chara keukensis, Chara mexicana, Chara Nordh<strong>of</strong>fiae, Chara Macounii, and 31 o<strong>the</strong>r Chara 

species]. 

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ROCHEBRUNE, A. TRÉMEAU DE, see: DE ROCHEBRUNE, A. TRÉMEAU 

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Muskee Lake, Colorado. Ecoloy 36: 308-314. 

RÖSLER, O., 1978. The brazilian eogonduranic floral succession. Bol. IG Inst. Geociências, USP 9: 


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der Biologischen Wasseruntersuchung. Band 2. Biologische Gewässeruntersuchung. pp. 198-219, 7 

figs. (3 distribution maps). Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena. 545 pp., 104 figs. [water quality indicator 

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obtusa] 

VAN DE WEYER, K., 2001. Klassifikation der aquatischen Makrophyten der Flieβgewässer von 

Nordrhein-Westfalen gemäβ der Vorgaben der EU-Wasser-Rahmen-Richtlinie. Merkblätter Nr. 30. 

Landesumweltamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, Essen. 108 pp., 49 photographs, 2 maps. 

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Makrophyten der Fließgewässer in NRW gemäß de Vorgaben der EU-Wasser-Rahmen-Richtlinie. 

Merkblätter 39. Landesumweltamt Nordrhein-Westfalen, Essen. 60 pp., 21 figs., 2 maps. 

VAN DE WEYER, K., 2003b. Vegetationskundliche Leitbilder und Referenzabschnitte für die Ufer- 

und Auenvegetation des Rheins in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Merkblätter 40. Landesumweltamt 

Nordrhein-Westfalen, Essen. 75 pp., 66 figs. 

VAN DE WEYER, K., 2003c. Vegetationskundliche Erhebungen in Nassabgrabungen - Ergebnisse 

von Tauchuntersuchungen im Niederrheinischen Tiefland. Tuexenia 23: 307-314, 4 figs. [Nitellopsis 

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VAN DE WEYER, K., 2004. Die Vegetation des Wankuner Heidesees (Niederrhein, Nordrhein- 

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VAN DEN BERG, M., 2000. Ver van de oever, betere kansen voor kranswieren? Nieuwsbrief 

Kranswieren 8: 8-9. [Dutch] 

VAN DEN BERG, M.S., COOPS, H., NOORDHUIS, R., VAN SCHIE, J. & SIMONS, J., 1997. 

Macroinvertebrate communities in relation to submerged vegetation in two Chara dominated lakes. 

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VAN DEN BERG, M.S., COOPS, H., SIMONS, J. & DE KEIZER, A., 1998. Competition between 

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VAN DEN BERG, M.S., COOPS, H., SIMONS, J. & PILON, J., 2002. A comparative study <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> use 

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VAN DEN BERG, M.S., DOEF, R.W., ZANT, F.M, & COOPS, H., 1997. Kranswieren, helder water 

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VAN DEN BERG, M.S., SCHEFFER, M. & COOPS, H., 1998. The role <strong>of</strong> characean algae in <strong>the</strong> 

management <strong>of</strong> eutrophic shallow lakes. Journal <strong>of</strong> Phycology 34: 750-756. 

VAN DEN BERG, M.S., SCHEFFER, M., VAN NES, E.H. & COOPS, H., 1999. Dynamics and 

stability <strong>of</strong> Chara sp. and Potamogeton pectinatus in a shallow lake changing in eutrophication level. 

Hydrobiologia 409: 335-342. 

VAN DEN BERGHEN, C., 1964. La végétation des rives du lac de Hourtin (Gironde, France). 

Bulletin du Jardin Botanique Ëtat Bruxelles 34: 243-267. [C. fragifera]. 

VAN DEN BERGHEN, C., 1968. Notes sur la végétation du sud-ouest de la France. IV. La végétation 

de la rive orientale de l'étang de Lacanau (Gironde, France). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de 

Belgique 38: 255-276, 3 figs. [C. fragifera & N. batrachosperma in Scirpo-Lobelietum].

VAN DEN BOSCH, R.B., 1846. Enumeratio plantarum Zeelandiae Belgicae, indigenarum quarta. 

Algae. Nederlands Kruidkundig Archief 1: 84-104. [C. fragilis, C. vulgaris, C. hispida]. 

VAN DEN BOSCH, R.B., 1847. Bijdrage tot de algologische flora van Nederland. Nederlandsch 

Kruidkundig Archief 1: 280-291. [Dutch] [Tol. intricata (as N. polysperma), C. aspera, C. vulgaris (as 

C. polysperma), C. fragilis, N. syncarpa] 

VAN DEN BOSCH, R.B., 1851a. Verslag van de 4 e algemeene bijeenkomst van de Vereeniging voor 

de Nederlandsche Flora. Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief 2: 87. [Dutch] [N. flexilis, N. mucronata, 

Tol. nidifica (as Nitella), C. aculeolata] 

VAN DEN BOSCH, R.B., 1851b. Tweede bijdrage tot de algologische flora van Nederland. 

Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief 2: 202-227. [Dutch] [N. translucens, N. flexilis, N. mucronata (as 

N. exilis), C. vulgaris, C. stricta (specimen is C. contraria), C. canescens (as crinita)] 

VAN DEN BOSCH, R.B., 1853. Lichenes, Byssaceae et Algae. In: F. Dozy & J.H. Molkenboer (red.) 

- Prodromus Florae Batavae. Vol. II, pars 2. J. Hazenberg, Leiden. pp. I-VIII & 117-301. [Chareae pp. 

186-189, 8 Chara, 6 Nitella species]. 

VAN DEN DOOL, E. & BRUINSMA, H.J.P., 1991. Enige vondsten van Callitriche obtusangula Le 

Gall (Stomphoekig sterrekroos), vooral in Oost- en Zuid-Nederland. (Some records <strong>of</strong> Callitriche 

obtusangula Le Gall, mainly in E. and S.Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands). Gorteria 17: 153-159. [Dutch, english summary] 

[N. mucronata, N. flexilis]. 

VAN DEN HOEK, C. & JAHNS, H.M., 1978. Algen. Einführung in die Phykologie. Georg Thieme 

Verlag, Stuttgart. X + 481 pp., 136 figs. [Charophyceae pp. 410-421, fig. 133-136: C. vulgaris, C. 

globularis, N. gracilis, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

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Cambridge. 

VAN DEN HOEK, C., 1959. Caribbean fresh- and brackish water Chlorophyta. Blumea 9: 590-625. 

[<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 618-622, C. hydropitys, C. zeylanica, C. hornemanii]. 

VAN DEN HOEK, C., 1960. <strong>Group</strong>ements d'algues des étangs saumâtres méditerranéens de la côte 

française. Vie et Milieu 11: 390-412. [C. baltica, Lamp. papulosum]. 

VAN DEN HOEK, C., 1967. De systematiek van algen. Wolters, Groningen. 28 pp. [Dutch]. 

VAN DER GOES, J.P.C. (ed.), 1987. Wilde planten in Noord-Holland. Een onderzoek door de 

Provincie Noord-Holland. Provinciale Waterstaat Noord-Holland, Haarlem. 176 pp., figs., distribution 

maps. [dutch] 

VAN DER TRAPPEN, J.E., 1839. Herbarium Vivum <strong>of</strong> verzameling van gedroogde voorbeelden van 

nuttige gewassen, vooral van dezulke, die in Nederland inlandsch zijn <strong>of</strong> geteeld worden, en wier 

kennis voor landbouw, handel en fabrijken belangrijk is, met derzelver beschrijving. Eerste deel. 

Nederlandsche Maatschappij ter bevordering van Nijverheid, Haarlem; V t . Loosjes, Haarlem. XVI + 

747 pp. [Dutch] [Chara pp. 480-481] 

VAN DER TRAPPEN, J.E., 1852. Bijdrage tot de kennis aan Neêrlands Flora. A. Kloos, 's- 

Gravenhage. [Dutch] [<strong>Characeae</strong> p.13, C. polysperma, C. aspera, C. foetida]. 

VAN DER VALK, A.G. & DAVIS, C.B., 1979. A reconstruction <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> recent vegetational history <strong>of</strong> 

a prairie marsh, Eagle lake, Iowa, from its seed bank. Aquatic Botany 6: 29-51. 

VAN DER WERFF, A., 1941. Over de verschillende organismen welke voor het waterleidingbedrijf 

van beteekenis zijn. Water 25: 153-157. [Dutch] 

VAN DER WERFF, A., 1955. De algen <strong>of</strong> wieren in het aquarium. In: H.C.D. de Wit - 

Aquariumplanten I. Hollandia, Baarn. 125 pp. [Dutch] 

VAN DER WERFF, A., 1965. Kranswieren. Het Aquarium 35: 273-276. [Dutch] 

VAN DER WIJK, R., 1935. Op de plassen in de kop van Overijssel. Natura 34: 301-304. [Dutch] 

VAN DER WINDEN, J., POOT, M., VAN DEN BERG, M.S., BOUDEWIJN, T. & DIRKSEN, S., 

1997. Kranswieren: voedsel voor grote aantallen watervogels. (Stoneworts: food for large numbers <strong>of</strong> 

waterbirds in Lake Veluwemeer). De Levende Natuur 98: 34-41. [Dutch, english summary] 

VAN DIJK, J. & WESTHOFF, V., 1941. Overzicht der plantengemeenschappen in Nederland. N.J.N. 

Sociologengroep. 90 pp. [Dutch] [p. 28: C. delicatula in Isoeteto-Lobelietum] 

VAN DIJK, J. & WESTHOFF, V., 1955. De plantengroei der natuurgebieden in Noordwest- 

Overijssel. Natuur en Landschap 9: 3-27, 15 figs., 1 map. [Dutch] [p. 6: Nitellopsis obtusa as Tolypella 

prolifera]. 

VAN DIJK, J. & WESTHOFF,V., 1960. De veranderingen in de vegetatie van het Choorven van 1948 

tot en met 1955. In: J. van Dijk, F. de Graaf, W. Graafland, A.A. de Groot, J. Heimans, J.T. Koster, 

A.P.C. de Vos, H.F. de Vries, A. van der Werff & V. Westh<strong>of</strong>f. - Hydrobiologie van de Oisterwijkse 

vennen. pp. 13-24. Publicatie No. 5 van de Hydrobiologische Vereniging, Amsterdam. 90 pp., 2 maps, 

35 figs., 3 pl. [Dutch] [N. translucens, C. fragilis].

VAN DONK, E., SLIM, F.J. & GRIMM, M.P., 1988. Herstel van de recreatieplas 'Zwemlust' door 

toepassing van actief biologisch beheer: eerste resultaten. H2O 13: 338-343. 

VAN EEDEN, F.W., 1874. Lijst der planten die in de Nederlandsche duinstreken gevonden zijn. 

Nederlands Kruidkundig Archief, ser. 2, 1: 360-451. [Dutch] [Chara p. 433: C. fragilis, C. vulgaris, C. 

aculeolata, C. hispida, C. canescens (as crinita)] 

VAN HALL, H.C., 1825. Flora Belgii Septentrionalis, sive index plantarum indigenarum etc. Vol. I, 

pars 2. J.C. Sepp en Zoon, Amsterdam. [<strong>Characeae</strong> p. 635, 638-641: C. vulgaris, C. hispida]. 

VAN HALL, H.C., 1840. Flora Belgii Septentrionalis ...etc., vol. 2 see: MIQUEL, F.A.G. 1840. 

VAN HALL, H.C., 1857. Toegepaste kruidkunde. Handleiding tot aanwijzing van het gebruik, dat de 

mensch maakt van voorwerpen uit het planten rijk. J.B. Wolters, Groningen. 214 pp. [Dutch] 

[<strong>Characeae</strong> p. 174] 

VAN HEERDEN, A. & KERKHOF, D., 1996. Pilularia globulifera L. (Pilvaren) in Zuid-Holland. 

Gorteria 22: 100-103. 

VAN HOVEN, F.J.J. SLINGSBY, 1879. Flora van 's-Hertogenbosch <strong>of</strong> naamlijst van de planten etc. 

2e druk. H. Suringar, Leeuwarden. [Dutch] [<strong>Characeae</strong> p.170: C. vulgaris, N. flexilis, N. translucens]. 

VAN HOVEN, F.J.J., 1847. Opgave van eenige planten in de omstreken van 's-Hertogenbosch 

verzameld. Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief 1: 273-279. [Dutch] [C. fragilis (spec. in herbarium at 

Leiden is N. flexilis)] 

VAN HOVEN, F.J.J., 1848. Flora van 's-Hertogenbosch <strong>of</strong> naamlijst van de planten etc. A.F.G. de 

Pinéda, Heusden. [Dutch] [<strong>Characeae</strong> pp. 32-33: C. fragilis, C. vulgaris, N. flexilis, N. translucens]. 

VAN HOVEN, F.J.J., 1851. Verslag van de 3 e algemeene bijeenkomst van de Vereeniging voor de 

Nederlandsche Flora. Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief 2: 72. [Dutch] [N. translucens (spec. in 

herbarium at Leiden is Tol. prolifera)] 

VAN KRUININGEN, H., 1980. Het ontstaan van de seksualiteit verbeeld in prenten. Mart. Spruijt, 

Amsterdam. 48 pp., 18 pl. [Dutch] [Chara pp. 31-32, pl. 10]. 

VAN LEERDAM, A., BOOTSMA, M.C. & STAM, S.M.E., 1993. De ecologie van het Groot 

boomglanswier [Tolypella prolifera (Ziz ex A.Braun) Leonhardi], een zeldzame cultuurvolger. 

Gorteria 19: 105-114, 3 figs. (2 maps, 3 distribution maps). [Dutch, english summary] [C. vulgaris, C. 

globularis, Tol. prolifera] 

VAN LOOKEREN CAMPAGNE, R.N., 1957. Light-dependent chloride absorption in Vallisneria 

leaves. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 6: 543-582. [N. clavata] 

VAN NES, E.H., SCHEFFER, M., VAN DEN BERG, M.S. & COOPS, H., 2002. Dominance <strong>of</strong> 

charophytes in eutrophic shallow lakes - when should we expect it to be an alternative stable state. 

Aquatic Botany 72: 275-296. 

VAN NIEUKERKEN, E.J. & VAN DER VELDE, G., 1973. Een hydrobiologische inventarisatie van 

sloten in het Oude Land van Strijen en de St. Anthoniepolder (Hoekse Waard). De Levende Natuur 76: 

273-279, 3 figs. (1 map). [Dutch, english summary] [C. vulgaris, Tol. intricata]. 

VAN OOSTROOM, S.J., 1939. Some notes on a collection <strong>of</strong> aquatic phanerogames from <strong>the</strong> 

Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands West Indian islands, and from Venzuela and Colombia. Recueil des Traveaux botaniques 

neerlandais 36: 705-708. [C. zeylanica] 

VAN RAAM, J.C. & GONZALEZ-HENRIQUEZ, N., 1995. Note on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> (Charophyta) <strong>of</strong> 

<strong>the</strong> Canary Islands. Botánica Macaronésica 21: 29-36, fig. 1-4. [C. vulgaris, C. globularis, C. 

connivens, N. hyalina] 

VAN RAAM, J.C. & MAIER, E.X., 1989. Nederlandse kranswieren. 1. Sterkranswier [Nitellopsis 

obtusa (Desv.) J.Groves]. (Stoneworts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands 1. Nitellopsis obtusa (Desv.) J. Groves). 

Gorteria 15: 108-118, 4 figs. (3 distribution maps). [Dutch, english summary] [C. globularis, C. 

contraria, C. major, C. aspera, N. hyalina, N. flexilis, N. mucronata, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

VAN RAAM, J.C. & MAIER, E.X., 1990. Nederlandse Kranswieren. 2. Boomglanswieren - Groot 

boomglanswier [Tolypella prolifera (Ziz ex A.Braun) Leonhardi (Stoneworts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands 2 

Tolypella prolifera (Ziz ex A. Braun) Leonhardi). Gorteria 16: 39-47, 3 figs. (3 distribution maps). 

[Dutch, english summary] [C. vulgaris, Tol. prolifera] 

VAN RAAM, J.C. & MAIER, E.X., 1992a. Nederlandse Kranswieren. 3. Vertakt boomglanswier 

[Tolypella intricata (Trentepohl ex Roth) Leonhardi] (Stoneworts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands 3. Tolypella 

intricata (Trentepohl ex Roth) Leonhardi). Gorteria 18: 33-39, 2 figs. (1 distribution map). [Dutch, 

english summary] [C. vulgaris, Tol. intricata] 

VAN RAAM, J.C. & MAIER, E.X., 1992b. Overzicht van de Nederlandse kranswieren. Gorteria 18: 

111-116. [Dutch, english summary] [9 Chara, 7 Nitella, 3 Tolypella species, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

VAN RAAM, J.C. & MAIER, E.X., 1993. Nederlandse Kranswieren 4. Doorschijnend glanswier 

[Nitella translucens (Pers.)Agardh]. (Stoneworts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands 4. Nitella translucens

(Per.)Agardh). Gorteria 19: 88-94, 2 figs. (1 distribution map). [Dutch, english summary] [C. 

globularis, N. flexilis, N. capillaris, N. translucens] 

VAN RAAM, J.C. & MAIER, E.X., 1995. Nederlandse Kranswieren 5. Klein glanswier [Nitella 

hyalina (DC.)Agardh] (Stoneworts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands 5. Nitella hyalina (DC.)Agardh). Gorteria 21: 

101-106, 3 figs. (1 distribution map). [Dutch, english summary] [C. aspera, C. globularis, N. flexilis, 

N. hyalina, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 1986. Grondwater - Verhaal van een verloedering. De Wijde Blik 1986 (4): 15-21, 

2 figs. [Dutch] [Nitellopsis obtusa, N. hyalina] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 1994. Kranswieren in Gooi en Vechtstreek. De Wijde Blik 1994 (4): 125-128, 2 

figs. [Dutch] [C. vulgaris, C. globularis, C. major, C. canescens, N. flexilis, N. hyalina, N. translucens, 

Nitellopsis obtusa, Tol. prolifera, Tol. intricata] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 1995. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Tasmania. Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 110. Cramer, 

Stuttgart. 50 pp., 30 fig. (1 map, 29 distribution maps). [Key] [Nitella haagenii n. spec., Nitella 

monopodiata n. spec.; 9 Chara, 17 Nitella species, Lamp. macropogon, Tol. glomerata] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 1998a. Handboek Kranswieren. Chara boek, Hilversum. 229 pp., 38 (7 maps, 5 

distribution maps) + 122 figs., 27 pl., 41 distribution maps. [Dutch] [Key] [Red List] [13 Chara, 10 

Nitella, 4 Tolypella species, Lamp. papulosum, Lychn. barbatus, Nitellopsis obtusa] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 1998b. De ontwikkeling van de kranswiervegetaties in de Loosdrechtse plassen. 

De Wijde Blik 98/3: 65, fig. 1-4. [Dutch] [Nitellopsis obtusa, C. aspera, N. hyalina, N. mucronata] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 1999. Nieuw in Nederland. Nieuwsbrief Kranswieren 6: 3, 1 fig. [Dutch] [C. 

globularis var. barbata, N. flexilis var. crassa] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 2000a. De kranswieren in het "Nationaal Herbarium Nederland". Nieuwsbrief 

Kranswieren 7: 2-3. [Dutch] [8 Chara, 3 Nitella, 8 Tolypella, 3 Lamprothamnium species, Nitellopsis 

sarcularis, Lychn. barbatus] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 2000b. Pre-Linneaanse namen van kranswieren. Nieuwsbrief Kranswieren 8: 9-11, 

1 fig. [Dutch] 

VAN RAAM, J.C., 2000c. Het Nitelletum translucentis. Nieuwsbrief Kranswieren 8: 11-12. [Dutch] 

[N. translucens, N. mucronata, N. flexilis, N. syncarpa,C. aspera, C. globularis, C. fragifera in 

Nitelletum translucentis and Littorellion communities] 

VAN RAVELINGEN, F., 1618. "R. Dodonaeus" Cruydt-Boeck etc. (vertaald en bewerkt door F. van 

Ravelingen). Leyden. [p. 99: Chara vulgaris foetida] 

VAN ROYEN, A., 1740. Flora Leydensis prodromus, exhibens Plantas quae in Horto Academico 

Lugdunum-Batavorum aluntur. Samuel Luchtmans, Lugduni-Batavorum. [p. 214 C. hispida, p. 533 C. 

vulgaris]. 

VAN TOOREN, B.F., BOUMAN, A., SPRUYT, T.J.M. & DE WIJS, W.J.R., 1994. Het Naardermeer 

op weg naar het jaar 2000. De Levende Natuur 95: 75-80. [Dutch] 

VAN TWEEL, M. & VAN TWEEL, L., 2000. Flora and fauna van het Sloveense karstlandschap. 

Natura 97: 131-136, 9 figs., seperate spreadsheet table. [Dutch, english summary] [C. contorta (error 

for C. contraria), C. vulgaris, C. aspera, N. opaca] 

VAN WACHENDORFF, E.J., 1747. Horti Ultraiectini Index. Nicolaum van Vught, Traiecti ad 

Rhenum. [Chara p. 365: C. vulgaris, C. tomentosa, C. hispida, C. flexilis]. 

VAN WIRDUM, G., DEN HELD, A.J. & SCHMITZ, M., 1992. Terrestrializing fen vegetation in 

former turbaries in <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands. In: J.T.A. Verhoeven (ed.) - Fens and bogs in <strong>the</strong> Ne<strong>the</strong>rlands: 

vegetation, history, nutrient dynamics and conservation. pp. 323-360, 16 figs., 5 photo's. Kluwer 

Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. [Nitellopsis obtusa] 

VAN WIRDUM, G., 1991. Vegetation and hydrology <strong>of</strong> floating rich-fens. Thesis Universiteit van 

Amsterdam. 

VAN ZINDEREN BAKKER, E.M. & WERGER, M.J.A., 1974. Environment, vegetation and 

phytogeography <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> high-altitude bogs <strong>of</strong> Lesotho. Vegetatio 29: 37-49, 4 figs. [N. sp. in 

Crassuletum natantis] 

VAN ZINDEREN BAKKER, E.M., 1942. Het Naardermeer. Een geologische, historische en 

botanische Landschapsbeschrijving van Nederlands oudst natuurmonument. Allert de Lange, 

Amsterdam. 255 pp. 22 figs., 3 maps, 31 pl. [Dutch] [C. vulgaris, Nitellopsis obtusa]. 

VANDAMME, H., 1850. Flore de l'arrondissement d'Hazebrouck (département du Nord). J.-B. 

Baillière, Paris. VIII + 267 pp. [Chara p. 151: C. vulgaris, C. hispida, C. tomentosa] 

VANDEN BERGHEN, C., 1967. Notes sur la végétation du sud-ouest de la France. V – Les 

peuplements de Scirpus americanus Pers. dans le département des Landes. Bulletin du Jardin 

Botanique de Belgique 37: 335-355, 6 figs. [C. connivens, C. tomentosa, C. fragifera]

VANSELOW, K.H. & HANSEN, U.-P., 1989. Rapid effect <strong>of</strong> light on <strong>the</strong> K + channel in <strong>the</strong> 

plasmalemma <strong>of</strong> Nitella. Journal <strong>of</strong> Membrane Biology 110: 175-187. 

VASCONCELOS, A.B., 1923. The algae <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> genus Chara and mosquito larvae. American Journal 

<strong>of</strong> Public Health 13: 543-546. 

VASCONCELOS, J.C., 19 . A larvicidal aquatic plant. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> American Medical Association 

81: [C. foetida]. 

VASCONCELOS, J.C., 1956. Algas macroscópicas dos arrozais Portugueses. (Macroscopic algae in 

Portuguese rice fields). Comissão Reguladora do Comérico de ARROZ (C.R.C.A.), Lisboa. 73 pp., 

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WALLENTINUS, J., 1967. Algstudier i Östersjön. Fältbiologen 3/67: 3-7, 4 figs. [Swedish] [C. 

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C. vulgaris (also as funicularis), C. virgata (as diffusa annulata), C. tomentosa, C. hispida, C. canescens 

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Nitella anomala n. spec., Nitella procera n. spec., Nitella atrovirens n. spec., Chara. Hornemannii n. spec., 

Chara Wikströmii n. spec., Chara coarctata n. spec., Chara sphagnoïdes n. spec., Chara crispa n. spec., 

Chara Liljebladii n. spec., Chara acicularis n. spec., Chara Agardhiana n. spec., Chara annulata n. spec.; 40 

Nitella, 2 Nitellopsis (as Nitella), 7 Tolypella (as Nitella), 2 Lamprothamnium (as Chara), 2 Lychnothamnus 

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Lamprothamnium (as Chara), 2 Lychnothamnus (as Chara), 62 Chara species] 

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WANG SHUI, HUANG RENJIN, WANG ZHEN, LIN XIAODONG, ZHANG ZERUN & XU 

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WOOD, R.D. & MUENSCHER, W.C., 1956. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> State <strong>of</strong> New York. Cornell 

University Agricultural Experiment Station, Memoir 338, 77 pp., 18 pl. (22 distribution maps). [Key] 

[8 Nitella, 3 Tolypella, 10 Chara species] 

WOOD, R.D. & PALMATIER, E.A., 1954. Macroscopic algae from <strong>the</strong> coastal ponds <strong>of</strong> Rhode 

Island. American Journal <strong>of</strong> Botany 41: 135-142, 1 map. [C. aspera, C. braunii, C. canescens, C. 

evoluta, C. globularis, C. hornemannii, C. zeylanica, N. flexilis, N. tenuissima] 

WOOD, R.D. & WILLIAMS, M.B., 1967. Australian <strong>Characeae</strong> which survived <strong>the</strong> Armidale fire. 

Muelleria 1: 175-196. [17 Chara, 25 Nitella species, Lamp. macropogon, Tol. glomerata]. 

WOOD, R.D., 1947. <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Put-in-Bay region <strong>of</strong> Lake Erie (Ohio). Ohio Journal <strong>of</strong> Science 

47: 240-258, 4 pl. [Key] [N. subglomerata, N. gracilis, N. tenuissima, N. megacarpa, Tol. intertexta, C. 

braunii, C. schweinitzii, C. contraria, C. vulgaris, C. macounii, C. fragilis, C. keukensis, C. haitensis, 

C. compacta]

WOOD, R.D., 1948a. On Raffinesque's names for <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical 

Club 75: 282-285. [C. contraria, N. capitellata, N. acuminata, N. flexilis, N. praelonga, N. morongii, C. 

fetidissima, C. patens, Acinaria, Leiacina] 

WOOD, R.D., 1948b. Proposed dates for T.F. Allen's exsiccatae (<strong>Characeae</strong>). Farlowia 3: 327-329. [N. 

flexilis, N. bastinii, N. blankenshipii, N. formosa, C. hydropitys, C. gymnopitys, N. capitulifera, N. 

expansa, N. gracillima, N. laxa, N. multipartita, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. rigida, N. saito-iana, N. 

tanakiana] 

WOOD, R.D., 1948c. A review <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> genus Nitella (<strong>Characeae</strong>) <strong>of</strong> North America. Farlowia 3: 331- 

398, 2 pl. [Key] [36 Nitella species] 

WOOD, R.D., 1949a. Monographic studies on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> I. Emandation <strong>of</strong> Nitella Morongii. 

Rhodora 51: 13-18, pl. 119. [N. morongii, N. maxceana, N. gracilis, N. batrachosperma, N. 

translucens] 

WOOD, R.D., 1949b. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Woods Hole region, Massachusetts. Biological Bulletin 

96: 179-203, 4 pl. [Key] [N. flexilis, N. megacarpa, N. morongii, N. transilis, C. braunii, C. canescens, 

C. delicatula, C. aspera] 

WOOD, R.D., 1950a. Braun's "Fragmente" and <strong>the</strong> nomenclature <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

Torrey Botanical Club 77: 35-37. [N. acuminata, C. gymnopus] 

WOOD, R.D., 1950b. Braun's "Fragmente" and <strong>the</strong> nomenclature <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong> -II. Nitella 

mucronata. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 77: 181-186. [N. mucronata] 

WOOD, R.D., 1950c. Stability and zonation <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. Ecology 31: 642-647, 4 figs. 

WOOD, R.D., 1952a. The <strong>Characeae</strong>, 1951. The Botanical Review 18: 317-353. [118 Chara, 4 

Lamprothamnium, 153 Nitella, 3 Nitellopsis, 13 Tolypella species, Lychn. barbatus]. 

WOOD, R.D., 1954. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Lake Mattamuskeet, North Carolina. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Elisha 

Mitchell Scientific Society 70: 60-74, pl. 7-9. [Key] [N. acuminata, N. tenuissima, N. hyalina, N. 

microcarpa, C. zeylanica] 

WOOD, R.D., 1955. <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: Exploration hydrobiologique du Lac Tanganika (1946-47). 

Résultats Scientifiques vol. 4. pp. 5-13, pl. I-III. Institute royal des sciences naturelle de Belgique. [N. 

mucronata, C. zeylanica, C. brachypus] 

WOOD, R.D., 1958a. Some <strong>Characeae</strong> from Arnhem Land. In: R.L. Specht & C.P. Mountford (ed.) - 

Records <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> American-Australian scientific expedition to Arnhem Land. Vol. 3. Botany and plant 

ecology. p. 137. Melbourne University press, Carlton, Victoria. XIII + 522 pp., figs., pl., maps. [C. 

australis, C. fibrosa, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. sonderi]. 

WOOD, R.D., 1959a. Gametangial constants <strong>of</strong> extant Charophyta for use in micropaleobotany. 

Journal <strong>of</strong> Paleontology 33: 186-194. [Paleobotany] 

WOOD, R.D., 1960. Linnean types for <strong>Characeae</strong>. Transactions <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> American Microscopical 

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flexilis] 

WOOD, R.D., 1962a. New combinations and taxa in <strong>the</strong> revision <strong>of</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. Taxon 11: 7-25. [Nitella 

stephensia n. spec., Nitella imahorii new name for Tol. gracilis, 19 Chara, 3 Lamprothamnium, 2 

Nitellopsis, 49 Nitella, 2 Tolypella species, Lychn. barbatus] 

WOOD, R.D., 1962b. Preliminary report on <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Australia and <strong>the</strong> South Pacific. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> 

<strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 89: 250-253. [Lychn. barbatus, Tol. glomerata, Lamp. macropogon] 

WOOD, R.D., 1963. <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Samoa. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 90: 225-229. 

WOOD, R.D., 1964. A synopsis <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 91: 35-46. [Key] 

[19 Chara, 3 Nitellopsis, 53 Nitella, 2 Tolypella species, Lychn. barbatus]. 

WOOD, R.D., 1965a. The <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Fiji. Pacific Science 19: 12-30, 5 figs. [Key] [C. australis (as 

corallina), C. fibrosa, N. acuminata, N. furcata, N. pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata] 

WOOD, R.D., 1965b. Monograph <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Characeae</strong>. In: R.D. Wood & K. Imahori - A revision <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 

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WOOD, R.D., 1965c. <strong>Characeae</strong> in Tonga. Bulletin <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Torrey Botanical Club 92: 465-467. [N. 

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WOOD, R.D., 1966. <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> New Caledonia. Revue Algologique 8: 10-42, 1 fig. (map), 8 pl. 

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pseud<strong>of</strong>labellata, N. hyalina, N. axillaris (as translucens)] 

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WOOD, R.D., 1972. <strong>Characeae</strong> <strong>of</strong> Australia. Nova Hedwigia 22: 1-120, 3 figs., 17 pl. [Key] [10 

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WOOD, R.D., 1976. Key to <strong>the</strong> Charophytes <strong>of</strong> South Africa. Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Limnological Society <strong>of</strong> 

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WOOD, R.D., 1977. <strong>Characeae</strong>: new forms and a change in status. Journal <strong>of</strong> South African Botany 

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