THE NATIONAL WETLAND PLANT LIST: 2013 ... - Phytoneuron

Lichvar, R.W. 2013. The National Wetland Plant List: 2013 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron 2013-49: 1–241. Published 17 July 

2013. ISSN 2153 733X 

THE NATIONAL WETLAND PLANT LIST: 

2013 WETLAND RATINGS 

ROBERT W. LICHVAR 

U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center 

Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 

72 Lyme Road 

Hanover, New Hampshire 03755-1290 

ABSTRACT 

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers administers the National Wetland Plant List (NWPL) for 

the United States (U.S.) and its territories. Responsibility for the NWPL was transferred to the Corps 

from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 2006. The list had not been updated since 1988, and the 

Corps led an interagency effort to revise the list by 2012. As part of the authorization of the revised 

NWPL in 2012, new methods were adopted for annual updates to the scientific names and wetland 

ratings. This paper presents the first annual update of the 2012 list. The 2012 list contained 7,828 

species, and the 2013 update presented here contains 7,937 species. The increase of 109 species is 

due to nomenclature and taxonomic changes, species that were added by request, and new records 

from the literature and herbarium records. There was a change of 327 wetland ratings nationally 

during the 2013 update. 

Background 

Since the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) assumed administrative responsibilities for 

the National Wetland Plant List (NWPL) in 2006, the list has gone through an extensive updating 

process that culminated in its authorization for national use in May 2012 (Federal Register 2012, 

Lichvar 2012). The development of the 2012 list was a cooperative effort between four federal 

government agencies: the Corps, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA), the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The effort was 

managed by a National Panel consisting of representatives from the four agencies. The 2012 NWPL 

is the standard reference for wetland indicator status ratings of vascular plants in the United States 

and is used for many purposes, including wetland delineation, assessment, mitigation, and habitat 

restoration. The NWPL is available to all users through a web application (http://wetland_plants.usace. 

army.mil/). 

The 2012 update built on the legacy of the FWS’s 1988 (Reed 1988) and draft 1996 wetland 

plant lists. It integrated all current taxonomic views along with revised wetland ratings (Lichvar and 

Minkin 2008). Additionally, the 2012 revision included several changes to the management of the 

NWPL, along with revised definitions of wetland categories, new Corps geographic wetland regions, 

protocols for challenging wetland ratings, and procedures for annual revisions. 

The five wetland rating categories in the NWPL were developed in the 1980s by Reed 

(1988). Each plant species was assigned a rating representing the estimated probability, or frequency, 

with which it is thought to occur in wetlands, as opposed to non-wetlands, across its entire range. The 

1988 ratings were divided into categories based on quantitative ranges of frequency, but the 2012 

ratings were based on simpler qualitative definitions (Lichvar et al. 2012) (Table 1). Indicator status 

ratings are now assigned to each species based on a thorough review of the botanical literature and 

herbarium records, along with the best professional judgment of national and regional experts. 

Longer quantitative rating definitions are still used, but only for field testing of wetland ratings.

Lichvar: 2013 National Wetland Plant List 2 

Table 1. Short qualitative descriptions of the five wetland indicator status ratings used to determine if 

vegetation is hydrophytic during wetland delineations in the United States. 

Indicator status 

rating (abbreviation) Designation 

Qualitative Description 

(Lichvar et al. 2012) 

Obligate (OBL) Hydrophyte Almost always occur in wetlands 

Facultative Wetland 

(FACW) 

Hydrophyte Usually occur in wetlands, but may occur in nonwetlands 

Facultative (FAC) Hydrophyte Occur in wetlands and non-wetlands 

Facultative Upland 

(FACU) 

Nonhydrophyte Usually occur in non-wetlands, but may occur in 

wetlands 

Upland (UPL) Nonhydrophyte Almost never occur in wetlands 

Figure 1. Geographic regions for the 2012 NWPL, based on Corps regions.


As with previous versions of the wetland plant list, the 2012 NWPL supports wetland 

delineation efforts under Sec. 404 of the Clean Water Act and the Swampbuster provisions under the 

Farm Bill, and it is used in the National Wetland Inventory Program. To accomplish this more 

effectively, the Corps re-aligned the NWPL’s geographic regions to correspond to those of Federal 

wetland efforts, including the interagency wetland delineation manual and its regional wetland 

delineation supplements. The NWPL is now divided using the 10 regional Corps wetland delineation 

regions for the U.S. and its territories (Wakeley 2002) (Fig. 1). Included within four of these Corps 

regions are 17 subregions in which small numbers of wetland plants have wetland ratings that differ 

from the ratings for the same plants in the rest of the region (Appendices B–E). 

Annual Update Process 

As part of the 2012 NWPL update, representatives from each of the four Federal agencies 

responsible for the NWPL agreed on new protocols and procedures for managing the list. These 

procedures were described in the 2012 Federal Register announcement for updating the NWPL. 

Under the NWPL authorization, it is now possible to update and maintain the list annually so that the 

nomenclature and taxonomy do not become outdated and wetland ratings can be refined as new 

information is available. In particular, the annual NWPL updates will include additions or deletions 

to the list; modifications to wetland indicator statuses that were revised during the previous year; and 

updates of the nomenclature, taxonomy, and geographic distribution of species on the NWPL. 

The annual update of the list has two steps. First, the database is updated for nomenclature, 

taxonomy, and U.S. state/Canadian province and U.S. county-level phytogeography by Dr. John 

Kartesz of the Biota of North America (BONAP) (http://www.bonap.org). Second, input from the 

public, as well as from Federal and state agencies, is used to modify wetland ratings by processes of 

evaluation that are similar to those used during the 2012 update. These requests may include adding 

new species to the list. 

The annual update is released in three parts: 1) the NWPL web site is updated to reflect any 

modifications from the previous year, 2) a series of downloadable files for the Corps regions and 

states is made available via the web site, providing local lists of wetland species and their wetland 

indicator ratings, and 3) the national list is published and subdivided by Corps regions. This 

publication represents the third component of the 2013 update. 

The 2013 NWPL Update 

The 2012 NWPL contained 7,828 species of wetland plants. The 2013 NWPL increased by 

109 species, so it now includes 7,937 wetland plants for the United States and its territories. The 

increase in number was due to various factors, including changes in taxonomy, new literature reports, 

and newly suggested additions to the list. The final 2013 NWPL is listed in the appendices. 

Taxonomic changes made by BONAP since the 2012 list have both added to and subtracted 

from the NWPL. Species dropped from the list included taxonomic merges that reduced the list by 49 

species, two erroneously reported species not occurring in North America, and one invalid name 

(Table 2). The merged species, now treated as synonyms, were deleted from the list since they were 

combined with other taxa. Also, eight former wetland species were merged into four new species that 

were not previously recognized. These four new species were added to the list (Table 3). Prior 2012 

wetland indicator ratings were applied to these new names since all former names had the same 

wetland ratings. When taxa with different wetland ratings were merged into one (e.g., one former 

taxon was FAC and the other FACW), new wetland ratings were assessed by the Regional and/or 

National Panels. Of the four new species added to the list based on mergers, only Rhododendron 

columbianum (Piper) Harmaja and Zeltnera muehlenbergii (Griseb.) G. Mans. required reevaluation 

due to conflicts in prior wetland ratings.


In addition to the BONAP revisions, users requested that 112 wetland species be either 

reevaluated or added to the 2013 list. These requests were processed through standardized protocols. 

Each request was first evaluated by a Regional Panel (RP) consisting of one representative from each 

of the four agencies within the Corps regions where the species occurs. The RP reviewed the 

literature, interviewed other professional botanists, and used their personal field observations to 

assign wetland ratings. If the RP was in dispute about assigning a rating, the National Panel assigned 

the final wetland ratings. The species for which new or further review was requested are shown in 

Table 3 and are listed on the NWPL web site (http://wetland_plants.usace.army.mil/). 

The addition and reevaluation of 112 species resulted in 119 changes in wetland ratings at the 

national level. Twelve species that were already on the NWPL were reevaluated. Nine species were 

added in more than one Corps region. Seven others were determined to be UPL. Overall, these new 

additions, reevaluations, and nomenclature changes represent only a 1.2% change from the 2012 list. 

The resulting wetland ratings for the annual update are nearly evenly divided between the four 

wetland ratings categories in each of the 10 Corps wetland regions (Table 4). The exception is 

Hawaii, because the South Pacific Island subregion is dominated by FACU species. 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

Many people, agencies and organizations are involved in maintaining and improving the 

accuracy of the NWPL, and they are all thanked for their support and input. The bulk of the effort 

and thanks goes to the National and Regional Panel members across the country who dedicate 

significant time and energy responding to requests to evaluate endless lists of wetland plants. Many 

people in the public sector have made valuable suggestions and input about wetland species. 

Underlying these efforts is the work of several key people, who are thanked: John Kartesz at BONAP, 

who keeps the database updated, and Misako Nishino, who maintains the BONAP database; Rick 

Bates and John Guineau, who manage to keep millions of data points in the right places; and Jennifer 

Gillrich and Lindsey Lefebvre, who make it all happen. We thank the Wetland Regulatory Assistance 

Program of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for funding these efforts. 

REFERENCES 

Federal Register. 2012. Publication of the Final National Wetland Plant List. Federal Register, 

Vol. 77, No. 90, Wednesday, May 9, 2012. 

Kartesz, J.T. 2012. Floristic Synthesis of North America, Version 1.0. Biota of North America 

Program (BONAP). Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 

Lichvar, R.W. and P. Minkin. 2008. Concepts and procedures for updating the National Wetland 

Plant List. ERDC/CRREL TN-08-03. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development 

Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire. 

 

Lichvar, R.W. 2012. The National Wetland Plant List. ERDC/CRREL TR-12-11. U.S. Army 

Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering 

Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire. 

Lichvar, R.W., N.C. Melvin, M.L. Butterwick, and W.N. Kirchner. 2012. National Wetland Plant 

List indicator rating definitions. ERDC/CRREL TR-12-1. U.S. Army Engineer Research 

and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, 

New Hampshire. 

Reed, P.B., Jr. 1988. National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands. U.S. Fish and Wildlife 

Service, Washington, D.C. 

Wakeley, J.S. 2002. Developing a “regionalized” version of the Corps of Engineers Wetlands 

Delineation Manual: Issues and recommendations. ERDC/EL TR-02-20. U.S. Army 

Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, 

Mississippi.


Table 2. Scientific names or actual named taxa removed from the National Wetland Plant List during the 2013 

update. Actual named taxa marked with one asterisk were removed because they do not occur in North 

America in the wild, and the name with two asterisks was viewed to be invalid. The remaining names were 

removed due to taxonomic changes. 

Amsonia illustris 

Asclepias hirtella 

Azolla microphylla 

Azolla caroliniana 

Bartonia texana 

Cardamine regeliana* 

Carex albida 

Castilleja hyetophila 

Castilleja uliginosa 

Centaurium davyi 

Centaurium muehlenbergii 

Crassula saginoides 

Crataegus nitida 

Crataegus texana 

Cyperus filiculmis 

Cyrilla parvifolia 

Dodecatheon ellisiae 

Elymus violaceus 

Halesia tetraptera 

Isoetes macrospora** 

Juncus biflorus 

Ledum columbianum 

Ledum glandulosum 

Limnanthes gracilis 

Limnanthes striata 

Mertensia fusiformis 

Mimulus biolettii 

Monardella glauca 

Opuntia dillenii 

Oxypolis denticulata 

Oxypolis filiformis 

Oxypolis greenmanii 

Oxypolis rigidior 

Parnassia californica 

Platanthera convallariifolia 

Polyctenium williamsiae 

Ptilimnium ahlesii 

Ptilimnium nodosum 

Rhododendron oblongifolium 

Rubus vitifolius 

Rumex tomentellus 

Salix matsudana 

Sceptridium silaifolium 

Sedella congdonii 

Spartina X townsendii 

Sparganium erectum* 

Vaccinium virgatum 

Verbena carolina 

Verbena polystachya 

Verbena riparia 

Viola esculenta 

Viola triloba


Table 3. Taxonomic reevaluations and species newly added to the 2013 list. Species that were already on the 

2012 list and reevaluated are marked with one asterisk. Species that have undergone taxonomic changes are 

marked with two asterisks. The remaining species were proposed since the 2012 NWPL update. 

Abies procera Dipsacus laciniatus Persicaria longiseta 

Achillea ptarmica Epilobium parviflorum Petasites hybridus* 

Aconitum reclinatum Eschscholzia californica Platanthera aquilonis 

Aconitum uncinatum Filipendula ulmaria Platanthera brevifolia 

Actaea podocarpa Fragaria chiloensis Pogogyne clareana* 

Agalinis calycina Fraxinus anomala Polygonatum pubescens 

Agalinis skinneriana Galium mollugo Prunus avium 

Alliaria petiolata* Garrya elliptica Pulicaria paludosa* 

Amaranthus tuberculatus* Geranium robertianum Reynoutria X bohemica 

Ambrosia trifida* Glyceria laxa Rhododendron columbianum** 

Anaphalis margaritacea Harperella nodosa** Rhododendron macrophyllum 

Anthoxanthum hirtum Hedera helix Rhynchospora recognita 

Arbutus menziesii Hedera hibernica Ribes laxiflorum 

Aristida beyrichiana Helianthus strumosus Ribes lobbii 

Azolla cristata** Helianthus tuberosus Ribes sanguineum 

Baptisia australis Heracleum mantegazzianum Rubus caesius 

Betula murrayana Hypericum virgatum Rubus pensilvanicus 

Betula pendula Ilex aquifolium Rubus phoenicolasius 

Brachyelytrum erectum Ilex collina Sambucus nigra* 

Cardamine impatiens Ilex montana Sceptridium oneidense 

Cardamine pratensis Isoetes lacustris* Schinus molle 

Carex egglestonii Juncus anthelatus Sedum ternatum 

Carex radiata Linum intercursum Selaginella eclipse 

Carex retroflexa Ludwigia ravenii Senecio minimus 

Carex rosea Lycium torreyi Silphium integrifolium 

Castilleja septentrionalis Lycopodiella margueritae Sisyrinchium strictum* 

Centaurea jacea Lycopodiella subappressa Sphenopholis intermedia 

Centaurea X moncktonii Magnolia acuminata Sphenopholis nitida 

Cirsium palustre Mahonia nervosa Sporobolus wrightii 

Cirsium wrightii Medeola virginiana Symphoricarpos mollis 

Clematis vitalba Meehania cordata Toxicodendron diversilobum 

Clinopodium douglasii Mentha X rotundifolia Ulex europaeus 

Corylus avellana Milium effusum Ulmus glabra 

Cytisus scoparius Mimulus michiganensis* Valeriana uliginosa 

Daphne mezereum Monarda clinopodia Valerianella chenopodiifolia 

Deschampsia flexuosa Muhlenbergia glabrifloris Viburnum nudum* 

Diarrhena obovata Muhlenbergia tenuiflora Washingtonia robusta 

Dichanthelium leucothrix Paxistima myrsinites Xerophyllum tenax 

Perilla frutescens 

Zeltnera muehlenbergii**


Table 4. Each Corps wetland region and its number of species and percent of occurrence is provided for OBL 

through FACU. These numbers include subregion ratings as well. 

Region* Ratings OBL FACW FAC FACU Total 

AGCP number 1116 953 855 792 3,716 

percent 30.0 25.6 23.0 21.3 

AK number 262 253 298 224 1,037 

percent 25.3 24.4 28.7 21.6 

AW number 757 845 742 837 3,181 

percent 23.8 26.6 23.3 26.3 

CB number 296 293 344 269 1,202 

percent 24.6 24.4 28.6 22.4 

EMP number 916 703 612 772 3,003 

percent 30.5 23.4 20.4 25.7 

GP number 814 806 751 758 3,129 

percent 26.0 25.8 24.0 24.2 

HI number 139 154 450 675 1,418 

percent 9.8 10.9 31.7 47.6 

MW number 677 517 428 697 2,319 

percent 29.2 22.3 18.5 30.1 

NCNE number 766 534 441 735 2,476 

percent 30.9 21.6 17.8 29.7 

WMVC number 778 798 717 797 3,090 

percent 25.2 25.8 23.2 25.8 

National number 6,521 5,856 5,638 6,556 24,571 

percent 26.5 23.8 22.9 26.7 

* Acronyms for each Corps region are as follows: Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain 

(AGCP), Alaska (AK), Arid West (AW), Caribbean Islands (CB), Eastern Mountains 

and Piedmont (EMP), Great Plains (GP), Hawaii and South Pacific Islands (HI and SPI), 

Midwest (MW), and Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast (WMVC).


Appendix A. NWPL 2013 Ratings. Species Marked with an Asterisk Occur Only in the SPI Subregion. 

Species Authorship AGCP AK AW CB EMP GP HI MW NCNE WMVC Common Name 

Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. UPL FAC Musk Okra 

Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes UPL FACU FACU Pacific Silver Fir 

Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill. FAC FAC FACW FAC Balsam Fir 

Abies bifolia A. Murr. FACU FACU Rocky Mountain Alpine Fir 

Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. FACU FACU Fraser's Fir 

Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl. FACU FACU Grand Fir 

Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. UPL FACU FACU Subalpine Fir 

Abies procera Rehd. FACU Noble Fir 

Abildgaardia ovata (Burm. f.) Kral FACW FAC FAC* Flat-Spike Sedge 

Abrus precatorius L. UPL UPL FAC Rosary-Pea 

Abutilon auritum (Wallich ex Link) Sweet FACU Asian Indian-Mallow 

Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet UPL FAC Monkeybush 

Abutilon theophrasti Medik. FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU Velvetleaf 

Acacia confusa Merr. FACU Small Philippine Wattle 

Acaena exigua Gray OBL Liliwai 

Acalypha amentacea Roxb. FAC UPL FACU* Match-Me-If-You-Can 

Acalypha bisetosa Bertol. ex Spreng. FACW Streambank Copperleaf 

Acalypha gracilens Gray FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Slender Three-Seed-Mercury 

Acalypha poiretii Spreng. FACU UPL FACU UPL* Poiret's Copperleaf 

Acalypha rhomboidea Raf. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Three-Seed-Mercury 

Acalypha virginica L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Virginia Three-Seed-Mercury 

Acanthocereus tetragonus (L.) Humm. FAC UPL FACU UPL Triangle Cactus 

Acanthomintha ilicifolia (Gray) Gray FAC San Diego Thorn-Mint 

Acer circinatum Pursh FAC FAC FAC FAC Vine Maple 

Acer glabrum Torr. FACU FAC FAC FACU Rocky Mountain Maple 

Acer grandidentatum Nutt. FACU FAC FACU Canyon Maple 

Acer macrophyllum Pursh FAC FACU Big-Leaf Maple 

Acer negundo L. FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Ash-Leaf Maple 

Acer nigrum Michx. f. UPL FACU FACU FACU Black Maple 

Acer pensylvanicum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Striped Maple 

Acer platanoides L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Norway Maple 

Acer rubrum L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Red Maple 

Acer saccharinum L. FAC FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Silver Maple



Acer saccharum Marsh. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Sugar Maple 

Acer spicatum Lam. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Mountain Maple 

Achillea millefolium L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Common Yarrow 

Achillea ptarmica L. FACU Pearl Yarrow 

Achnatherum diegoense (Swallen) Barkworth FACW San Diego Rice Grass 

Achnatherum hymenoides (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) 

Barkworth 

UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Indian Rice Grass 

Achnatherum nelsonii (Scribn.) Barkworth FACU UPL UPL UPL Nelson's Rice Grass 

Achnatherum richardsonii (Link) Barkworth FACU UPL FACU UPL Richardson's Rice Grass 

Achyrachaena mollis Schauer FAC FAC Blow-Wives 

Achyranthes aspera L. UPL UPL UPL FAC Devil's-Horsewhip 

Achyranthes bidentata Blume FACU* Nui Xi 

Acisanthera quadrata Pers. OBL Camasey-de-Charco 

Acmella iodiscaea (A.H. Moore) R.K. Jansen OBL Maluco 

Acmella repens (Walt.) L.C. Rich. FACW FACW FACW FACW Opposite-Leaf Spotflower 

Acmispon americanus (Nutt.) Rydb. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Deerweed 

Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schlecht. FACU Hollowheart 

Acoelorrhaphe wrightii 

(Griseb. & H. Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex OBL 

Everglades Palm 

Becc. 

Aconitum columbianum Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Columbian Monkshood 

Aconitum delphiniifolium DC. FAC Larkspur-Leaf Monkshood 

Aconitum infectum Greene FACW OBL Arizona Monkshood 

Aconitum reclinatum Gray FAC Trailing White Monkshood 

Aconitum uncinatum L. FAC Southern Blue Monkshood 

Aconogonon alaskanum (Small) Soják FAC Alaska Fleeceflower 

Aconogonon phytolaccifolium (Meisn. ex Small) Small FAC FAC Alpine Fleeceflower 

Acorus americanus (Raf.) Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Several-Vein Sweetflag 

Acorus calamus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Single-Vein Sweetflag 

Acrostichum aureum L. OBL OBL OBL* Golden Leather Fern 

Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch. OBL OBL Inland Leather Fern 

Actaea laciniata (S. Wats.) J. Compton FACW Mt. Hood Bugbane 

Actaea pachypoda Ell. FACU UPL FACU UPL White Baneberry 

Actaea podocarpa DC. FACU Mountain Bugbane 

Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. UPL FAC FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Red Baneberry 

Actinostachys pennula (Sw.) Hook. FAC FAC Ray Fern 

Adenanthera pavonina L. UPL UPL FACU Red Beadtree



Adenophorus pinnatifidus Gaud. FACU Graceful Kihi Fern 

Adenostemma lavenia (L.) Kuntze FACW Common Medicine-Plant 

Adenostemma verbesina (L.) Schultz-Bip. FACW Tropical Medicine-Plant 

Adiantum aleuticum (Rupr.) Paris FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC Aleutian Maidenhair 

Adiantum capillus-veneris L. FACU FACW FACW FACU FACW FACU FACU FACW Southern Maidenhair 

Adiantum jordanii C. Muell. FAC FAC California Maidenhair 

Adiantum latifolium Lam. FAC Broad-Leaf Maidenhair 

Adiantum macrophyllum Sw. FACW Large-Leaf Maidenhair 

Adiantum obliquum Willd. FACU Oblique Maidenhair 

Adiantum pedatum L. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Northern Maidenhair 

Adiantum petiolatum Desv. FAC Stalked Maidenhair 

Adiantum pulverulentum L. FACU Glossy Maidenhair 

Adiantum raddianum K. Presl FAC Delta Maidenhair 

Adiantum tenerum Sw. FAC FACU FACU Brittle Maidenhair 

Adiantum tricholepis Fée FAC Fuzzy Maidenhair 

Adiantum wilsonii Hook. FAC Wilson's Maidenhair 

Adoxa moschatellina L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Muskroot 

Aegopodium podagraria L. FACW FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Bishop's Goutweed 

Aeschynomene americana L. FAC FAC Shyleaf 

Aeschynomene evenia C. Wright FAC Shrubby Joint-Vetch 

Aeschynomene gracilis Vogel FAC Puerto Rico Joint-Vetch 

Aeschynomene indica L. FACW UPL FACW FACW Indian Joint-Vetch 

Aeschynomene pratensis Small OBL Meadow Joint-Vetch 

Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw. OBL Sensitive Joint-Vetch 

Aeschynomene virginica (L.) B.S.P. FACW OBL Virginia Joint-Vetch 

Aesculus flava Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU Yellow Buckeye 

Aesculus glabra Willd. FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Ohio Buckeye 

Aesculus pavia L. FACU FAC FAC FAC Red Buckeye 

Aesculus sylvatica Bartr. FAC FAC Painted Buckeye 

Agalinis aphylla (Nutt.) Raf. FACW FACW Scale-Leaf False Foxglove 

Agalinis aspera (Dougl. ex Benth.) Britt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Tall False Foxglove 

Agalinis calycina Pennell OBL OBL Leoncita False Foxglove 

Agalinis divaricata (Chapman) Pennell FACU Pineland False Foxglove 

Agalinis fasciculata (Ell.) Raf. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Beach False Foxglove 

Agalinis filicaulis (Benth.) Pennell FAC Jackson False Foxglove 

Agalinis filifolia (Nutt.) Raf. FACU Seminole False Foxglove



Agalinis georgiana (C.L. Boynt.) Pennell FAC Georgia False Foxglove 

Agalinis harperi Pennell FAC Coastal-Plain False Foxglove 

Agalinis heterophylla (Nutt.) Small ex Britt. FACU FACU FAC FAC Prairie False Foxglove 

Agalinis linifolia (Nutt.) Britt. OBL FACW Flax-Leaf False Foxglove 

Agalinis maritima (Raf.) Raf. OBL FACW OBL FACW Saltmarsh False Foxglove 

Agalinis obtusifolia Raf. FAC FACU Ten-Lobe False Foxglove 

Agalinis oligophylla Pennell FAC FAC Ridge-Stem False Foxglove 

Agalinis paupercula (Gray) Britt. FACW FACW FAC OBL OBL Small-Flower False Foxglove 

Agalinis pulchella Pennell FACW St. Mark's False Foxglove 

Agalinis purpurea (L.) Pennell FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Purple False Foxglove 

Agalinis skinneriana (Wood) Britt. FACU Skinner's False Foxglove 

Agalinis tenella Pennell OBL FACW 

Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Raf. FACU FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Slender-Leaf False Foxglove 

Agarista populifolia (Lam.) Judd FACW OBL FACW Florida-Hobblebush 

Agastache nepetoides (L.) Kuntze FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Yellow Giant-Hyssop 

Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze FACU FACU Nettle-Leaf Giant-Hyssop 

Agave americana L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL American Century-Plant 

Agave sisalana Perrine UPL UPL UPL FACU Sisal-Hemp 

Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) King & H.E. Robins. FACU FACU FACU Crofton Weed 

Ageratina altissima (L.) King & H.E. Robins. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU White Snakeroot 

Ageratina jucunda (Greene) Clewell & Woot. FACU FACU Hammock Snakeroot 

Ageratina riparia (Regel) King & H.E. Robins. FACU Spreading Snakeroot 

Ageratum conyzoides L. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Tropical Whiteweed 

Ageratum houstonianum P. Mill. FACU FACU FACU Bluemink 

Aglaonema commutatum Schott FACU UPL FACU Philippine-Evergreen 

Agoseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene FAC FAC FACU Orange-Flower Goat-Chicory 

Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Pale Goat-Chicory 

Agoseris monticola Greene FAC UPL 

Agoseris parviflora (Nutt.) D. Dietr. FACU UPL UPL Small-Flower Goat-Chicory 

Agoseris X agrestis Osterhout (pro sp.) FAC UPL UPL 

Agoseris X elata (Nutt.) Greene FAC FAC 

Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACW Tall Hairy Grooveburr 

Agrimonia parviflora Ait. FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC Harvestlice 

Agrimonia rostellata Wallr. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Beaked Grooveburr 

Agrimonia striata Michx. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Woodland Grooveburr 

Agrostis canina L. FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL Velvet Bent



Agrostis capillaris L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC Colonial Bent 

Agrostis clavata Trin. OBL Clubbed Bent 

Agrostis elliottiana J.A. Schultes FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Elliott's Bent 

Agrostis exarata Trin. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW Spiked Bent 

Agrostis gigantea Roth FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Black Bent 

Agrostis hendersonii A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW Henderson's Bent 

Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FACW Winter Bent 

Agrostis idahoensis Nash FACW FACW FACW FACW Idaho Bent 

Agrostis mertensii Trin. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Northern Bent 

Agrostis microphylla Steud. FACW FACW Small-Leaf Bent 

Agrostis oregonensis Vasey FACW FAC Oregon Bent 

Agrostis pallens Trin. FACU UPL UPL Seashore Bent 

Agrostis pauzhetica Probatova FACU FACU Thermal Bent 

Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerman FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FACW Upland Bent 

Agrostis rossiae Vasey FAC UPL Ross' Bent 

Agrostis sandwicensis Hbd. FACU Hawaii Bent 

Agrostis scabra Willd. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Rough Bent 

Agrostis stolonifera L. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACU FACW FACW FAC Spreading Bent 

Agrostis vinealis Schreb. FAC Brown Bent 

Ailanthus altissima (P. Mill.) Swingle FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Tree-of-Heaven 

Aira caryophyllea L. FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Common Silver-Hair Grass 

Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. UPL UPL UPL FACU Woman's-Tongue 

Alchornea latifolia Sw. FACU Achiotillo 

Alectra fluminensis (Vell.) Stearn OBL Yerba-de-Hierro 

Aletris aurea Walt. FACW FACW FACW Golden Colicroot 

Aletris bracteata Northrop FACU Bracted Colicroot 

Aletris farinosa L. FAC FAC FAC FAC White Colicroot 

Aletris lutea Small FACW FACW Yellow Colicroot 

Aletris obovata Nash ex Small FAC Southern Colicroot 

Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. UPL UPL FACU Indian-Walnut 

Alhagi maurorum Medik. FAC FAC FAC Camelthorn 

Aliciella pinnatifida (Nutt. ex Gray) J.M. Porter FACU FAC FAC Sticky Cheat Gily-Flower 

Alisma gramineum Lej. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Narrow-Leaf Water-Plantain 

Alisma lanceolatum Withering OBL OBL Lance-Leaf Water-Plantain 

Alisma plantago-aquatica L. OBL OBL European Water-Plantain 

Alisma subcordatum Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Water-Plantain



Alisma triviale Pursh OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Water-Plantain 

Allenrolfea occidentalis (S. Wats.) Kuntze FACW FACW FACW Iodinebush 

Alliaria petiolata (Bieb.) Cavara & Grande FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Garlic-Mustard 

Allium bisceptrum S. Wats. FACU FAC Aspen Onion 

Allium canadense L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Meadow Garlic 

Allium cernuum Roth FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Nodding Onion 

Allium douglasii Hook. FAC FAC Douglas' Onion 

Allium geyeri S. Wats. FACU FACU FACU Geyer's Onion 

Allium hickmanii Eastw. FACU Hickman's Onion 

Allium hyalinum Curran FACU FAC Glassy Onion 

Allium lemmonii S. Wats. FACU FACU Claybank Onion 

Allium madidum S. Wats. OBL OBL Swamp Onion 

Allium schoenoprasum L. FACU FAC FACW FACU FACU FAC FACU FACW Wild Chives 

Allium tricoccum Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Ramp 

Allium validum S. Wats. OBL OBL Tall Swamp Onion 

Allium vineale L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Crow Garlic 

Allolepis texana (Vasey) Söderstrom & Decker FAC FAC Texas-Salt 

Allophyllum gilioides (Benth.) A.& V. Grant FAC FAC Dense False Gily-Flower 

Almutaster pauciflorus (Nutt.) A.& D. Löve FACW FACW FACW Marsh-Aster 

Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW European Alder 

Alnus incana (L.) Moench FACU FAC FACW FACU FACW FACW FACW FACW Speckled Alder 

Alnus maritima (Marsh.) Muhl. ex Nutt. OBL OBL OBL Seaside Alder 

Alnus oblongifolia Torr. FACW FACW FACW Arizona Alder 

Alnus rhombifolia Nutt. FACW FACW White Alder 

Alnus rubra Bong. FAC FACW FAC Red Alder 

Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Willd. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Brookside Alder 

Alnus viridis (Chaix) DC. FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW Sitka Alder 

Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) G. Don FACU Chinese Taro 

Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don FACW FACW FACW FAC Giant Taro 

Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Short-Awn Meadow-Foxtail 

Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir. FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC Creeping Meadow-Foxtail 

Alopecurus carolinianus Walt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Tufted Meadow-Foxtail 

Alopecurus geniculatus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Meadow-Foxtail 

Alopecurus magellanicus Lam. FACW FACW FACW FACW Alpine Meadow-Foxtail 

Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Slender Meadow-Foxtail 

Alopecurus pratensis L. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC Field Meadow-Foxtail



Alopecurus saccatus Vasey OBL FACW Pacific Meadow-Foxtail 

Alophia drummondii (Graham) R.C. Foster FACU FACU FACU Propeller-Flower 

Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum. UPL FACU Red-Ginger 

Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt & R.M. Sm. UPL FACU FACU Shellplant 

Alsophila amintae Conant FACW Forest Alsophila 

Alsophila brooksii (Maxon) R. Tryon FAC Brooks' Alsophila 

Alsophila bryophila R. Tryon FACW Helecho-Gigante-de-la-Sierra 

Alsophila portoricensis (Spreng. ex Kuhn) Conant FACW Puerto Rico Alsophila 

Alternanthera ficoidea (L.) Beauv. FACU FACU Sanguinaria 

Alternanthera maritima (Mart.) St.-Hil. FACW Seaside Joyweed 

Alternanthera paronychioides St.-Hil. OBL FAC OBL OBL Smooth Joyweed 

Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Alligator-Weed 

Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC. OBL FAC FACU FAC Sessile Joyweed 

Althaea officinalis L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Common Marsh-Mallow 

Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. FAC FAC UPL White Moneywort 

Alyxia stellata 

(J.R. & G. Forst.) Roemer & J.A. 

FACU 

Maile 

Schultes 

Amaranthus acanthochiton Sauer FACU FACU FACU Greenstripe 

Amaranthus albus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Tumbleweed 

Amaranthus arenicola I.M. Johnston FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC Sandhill Amaranth 

Amaranthus australis (Gray) Sauer OBL OBL OBL OBL Southern Amaranth 

Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats. FAC UPL FACW FAC FAC UPL FACU FACU FACW Mat Amaranth 

Amaranthus blitum L. FACU FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Purple Amaranth 

Amaranthus californicus (Moq.) S. Wats. FACW FACW FACW California Amaranth 

Amaranthus cannabinus (L.) Sauer OBL OBL OBL Tidal-Marsh Amaranth 

Amaranthus crassipes Schlecht. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Spreading Amaranth 

Amaranthus floridanus (S. Wats.) Sauer OBL Florida Amaranth 

Amaranthus graecizans L. FACU FACU FACU Italian-Spinach 

Amaranthus greggii S. Wats. FAC FAC Josiah Amaranth 

Amaranthus obcordatus (Gray) Standl. FACU FACU Trans-Pecos Amaranth 

Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Careless Weed 

Amaranthus pumilus Raf. FACW FACW FACW Seaside Amaranth 

Amaranthus retroflexus L. FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Red-Root 

Amaranthus spinosus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Spiny Amaranth 

Amaranthus tricolor L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Joseph's-Coat 

Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer FACW FACW FACW FAC OBL OBL OBL Rough-Fruit Amaranth



Amaranthus viridis L. FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC Slender Amaranth 

Amaranthus watsonii Standl. FACW Watson's Amaranth 

Amaranthus X texensis Henrickson FACW 

Amauropelta globulifera (Brack.) Holttum FACU Globular Hawaii Little-Shield 

Fern 

Amblyopappus pusillus Hook. & Arn. FACW Dwarf Coastweed 

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Annual Ragweed 

Ambrosia grayi (A. Nels.) Shinners FAC FAC Woolly-Leaf Burr-Ragweed 

Ambrosia monogyra 

(Torr. & Gray) Strother & B.G. 

Baldwin 

UPL FACW UPL Needle-Leaf Burrobush 

Ambrosia psilostachya DC. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU Perennial Ragweed 

Ambrosia pumila (Nutt.) Gray FACU Dwarf Burr-Ragweed 

Ambrosia trifida L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Great Ragweed 

Amelanchier alnifolia (Nutt.) Nutt. ex M. Roemer UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Saskatoon Service-Berry 

Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Downy Service-Berry 

Amelanchier bartramiana (Tausch) M. Roemer FAC FAC Oblong-Fruit Service-Berry 

Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik. FAC FAC FAC Canadian Service-Berry 

Amelanchier cusickii Fern. FACU FACU Cusick's Service-Berry 

Amelanchier intermedia Spach FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Intermediate Service-Berry 

Amelanchier nantucketensis Bickn. FACU FACU FACU Nantucket Service-Berry 

Amelanchier spicata (Lam.) K. Koch FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Running Service-Berry 

Amelanchier utahensis Koehne FACU FAC UPL Utah Service-Berry 

Amianthium muscitoxicum (Walt.) Gray FAC FAC FAC FAC Flypoison 

Ammannia auriculata Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Eared Redstem 

Ammannia baccifera L. FACW Monarch Redstem 

Ammannia coccinea Rottb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Valley Redstem 

Ammannia latifolia L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pink Redstem 

Ammannia robusta Heer & Regel OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Grand Redstem 

Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU European Beach Grass 

Ammophila breviligulata Fern. UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL American Beach Grass 

Ammoselinum butleri 

(Engelm. ex S. Wats.) Coult. & 

Rose 

FAC FAC FAC FAC Butler's Sand-Parsley 

Amorpha californica Nutt. FAC FACU California Indigo-Bush 

Amorpha fruticosa L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW False Indigo-Bush 

Amorpha georgiana Wilbur FACW FACW Georgia Indigo-Bush 

Amorpha herbacea Walt. FAC FAC Cluster-Spike Indigo-Bush



Amorpha nana Nutt. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Fragrant Indigo-Bush 

Amorpha nitens Boynt. FAC FAC FACW Shining Indigo-Bush 

Amorpha paniculata Torr. & Gray FACW FACW FACW Panicled Indigo-Bush 

Amorpha roemeriana Scheele FACU FACU Roemer's Indigo-Bush 

Ampelaster carolinianus (Walt.) Nesom OBL Climbing-Aster 

Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Koehne FAC UPL FACW FAC FACW FACW Peppervine 

Ampelopsis cordata Michx. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Heart-Leaf Peppervine 

Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU American Hog-Peanut 

Amphicarpum amphicarpon (Pursh) Nash FACW FACW FACW Blue Maiden-Cane 

Amphicarpum muehlenbergianum (J.A. Schultes) A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW Perennial Goober Grass 

Amphitecna latifolia (P. Mill.) A.H. Gentry FACU Black-Calabash 

Amsinckia spectabilis Fisch. & C.A. Mey. FACU FACU FACU FACU Woolly-Breeches 

Amsonia ludoviciana Vail FAC FAC Louisiana Bluestar 

Amsonia rigida Shuttlw. ex Small FACW Stiff Bluestar 

Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Eastern Bluestar 

Amyris elemifera L. FAC UPL Smooth Torchwood 

Anacardium occidentale L. FACU Cashewnut 

Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f. FACU Pearly-Everlasting 

Andira inermis (W. Wright) Kunth ex DC. FAC FAC Cabbagebark-Tree 

Andromeda polifolia L. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog-Rosemary 

Andropogon arctatus Chapman FAC Pinewoods Bluestem 

Andropogon bicornis L. FAC FAC Barbas-de-Indio 

Andropogon brachystachyus Chapman FAC Short-Spike Bluestem 

Andropogon capillipes Nash FAC FACU Chalky Bluestem 

Andropogon floridanus Scribn. FACU Florida Bluestem 

Andropogon gerardii Vitman FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Big Bluestem 

Andropogon glaucopsis Ell. FACW Coastal Bluestem 

Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B.S.P. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Bushy Bluestem 

Andropogon gracilis Spreng. FAC UPL Wiry Bluestem 

Andropogon gyrans Ashe FAC OBL FACU UPL Elliott's Bluestem 

Andropogon leucostachyus Kunth FAC Matojillo 

Andropogon longiberbis Hack. FAC Long-Beard Bluestem 

Andropogon mohrii (Hack.) Hack. ex Vasey FACW FACW Mohr's Bluestem 

Andropogon ternarius Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU Split-Beard Bluestem 

Andropogon virginicus L. FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Broom-Sedge 

Androsace chamaejasme Wulfen FACU FACU FACU FACU Sweet-Flower Rock-Jasmine



Androsace filiformis Retz. FACW FACW Slender-Stem Rock-Jasmine 

Androsace occidentalis Pursh FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Western Rock-Jasmine 

Androsace septentrionalis L. UPL FACU FACU FAC FACU Pygmy-Flower Rock-Jasmine 

Anemone canadensis L. FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Round-Leaf Thimbleweed 

Anemone hupehensis (hort. ex Lem.) Lem. ex Boynton FAC Japanese Thimbleweed 

Anemone narcissiflora L. FACU FAC FAC FAC Narcissus-Flower Thimbleweed 

Anemone oregana Gray FACU FACU Blue Windflower 

Anemone parviflora Michx. FACU FACW FACU FACW Small-Flower Thimbleweed 

Anemone piperi Britt. ex Rydb. FACU FACU Piper's Windflower 

Anemone quinquefolia L. FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU Nightcaps 

Anemone richardsonii Hook. FAC Yellow Thimbleweed 

Anemone virginiana L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Tall Thimbleweed 

Anemopsis californica (Nutt.) Hook. & Arn. OBL FACW OBL Yerba-Mansa 

Angadenia berteroi (A. DC.) Miers FACW Pineland-Golden-Trumpet 

Angelica ampla A. Nels. FACW FACW FACW Giant Angelica 

Angelica arguta Nutt. FACW FACW Lyall's Angelica 

Angelica atropurpurea L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Purple-Stem Angelica 

Angelica dawsonii S. Wats. FACW FACW Dawson's Angelica 

Angelica genuflexa Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Kneeling Angelica 

Angelica kingii (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose FACW FACW Basin Angelica 

Angelica lucida L. FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Seacoast Angelica 

Angelica pinnata S. Wats. FACW FACW FACW Small-Leaf Angelica 

Angiopteris evecta (J.R. Forst.) Hoffmann FAC Mule's-Foot Fern 

Aniba bracteata (Nees) Mez FAC Canelillo 

Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy FAC OBL Whitejacket 

Annona glabra L. OBL OBL Pond-Apple 

Annona muricata L. UPL UPL Soursop 

Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht. FAC FAC UPL UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC Crested Anoda 

Anoectochilus sandvicensis Lindl. FACW Hawaii Jeweled Orchid 

Antennaria alpina (L.) Gaertn. FACU FACU FACU Alpine Pussytoes 

Antennaria arcuata Cronq. FACW FACW Meadow Pussytoes 

Antennaria corymbosa E. Nels. FAC FAC Flat-Top Pussytoes 

Antennaria media Greene FAC FAC Rocky Mountain Pussytoes 

Antennaria neglecta Greene UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU Field Pussytoes 

Antennaria pulchella Greene FAC FAC Sierran Pussytoes 

Antennaria pulcherrima (Hook.) Greene FAC FACU FAC Showy Pussytoes



Antennaria umbrinella Rydb. FACU FACU FACU Brown-Bract Pussytoes 

Anthemis cotula L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Stinking Chamomile 

Anthenantia rufa (Nutt.) J.A. Schultes FACW FACU Purple Silkyscale 

Anthoxanthum arcticum Veldkamp FACW Arctic Sweet Vernal Grass 

Anthoxanthum hirtum (Schrank) Y. Schouten & Veldkamp FACW Northern Sweet Vernal Grass 

Anthoxanthum odoratum L. FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU Large Sweet Vernal Grass 

Anthurium dominicense Schott FAC Lengua-de-Vaca 

Anticlea elegans (Pursh) Rydb. FACU FACU FAC FACW FAC FACW FACU Mountain False Deathcamas 

Anticlea occidentalis (Gray) Zomlefer & Judd FACW FACW FAC Western False Deathcamas 

Anticlea vaginata Rydb. FAC FAC Sheathed False Deathcamas 

Anticlea virescens (Kunth) Rydb. FACU FAC FAC Green False Deathcamas 

Antidesma platyphyllum Mann FACU Ha'a 

Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn. FAC FAC UPL FAC FACU Queen's-Jewels 

Antirhea obtusifolia Urban FACW Quina-Roja 

Aphragmus eschscholtzianus Andrz. ex DC. FACW Aleutian-Cress 

Apiastrum angustifolium Nutt. UPL FACU Mock Parsley 

Apios americana Medik. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Groundnut 

Aplectrum hyemale (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Adam-and-Eve 

Apocynum androsaemifolium L. UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU Spreading Dogbane 

Apocynum cannabinum L. FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Indian-Hemp 

Aponogeton distachyos L. f. OBL OBL Cape-Pondweed 

Apteria aphylla (Nutt.) Barnh. ex Small FACW FAC Nodding-Nixie 

Aquilegia caerulea James FACU FAC Colorado Blue Columbine 

Aquilegia canadensis L. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Red Columbine 

Aquilegia chrysantha Gray FAC FACW FAC Golden Columbine 

Aquilegia eximia Van Houtte ex Planch. OBL OBL Van Houtte's Columbine 

Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC. FACU FAC FAC Crimson Columbine 

Aquilegia longissima Gray ex. S. Wats. FACW FACW Long-Spur Columbine 

Arabidopsis lyrata (L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Lyre-Leaf Thalecress 

Arabis alpina L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Alpine Eared Rockcress 

Arabis crucisetosa Constance & Rollins FAC FAC Cross-Hair Eared Rockcress 

Arabis eschscholtziana Andrz. FACU FACU FACU FACU Pacific-Coast Eared Rockcress 

Arabis pycnocarpa M. Hopkins FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Hairy Eared Rockcress 

Arachniodes insularis W.H. Wagner FACU Santa Cruz Island Holly Fern 

Aralia californica S. Wats. FACW FAC California Spikenard 

Aralia nudicaulis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Wild Sarsaparilla



Aralia racemosa L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC American Spikenard 

Aralia spinosa L. FAC FAC FACU FACW FAC Devil's-Walkingstick 

Arctagrostis latifolia (R. Br.) Griseb. FACW Broad-Leaf Arctic-Bent 

Arctanthemum arcticum (L.) Tzvelev FACW OBL Arctic Daisy 

Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Lesser Burrdock 

Arctophila fulva (Trin.) Rupr. ex Anderss. OBL Pendant Grass 

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Red Bearberry 

Arctous alpinus (L.) Niedenzu FACU FAC Black Torpedoberry 

Arctous ruber (Rehd. & Wilson) Nakai FAC FAC FAC Red Torpedoberry 

Ardisia crenata Sims FAC FACU Hen's-Eyes 

Ardisia elliptica Thunb. FAC UPL FACU Shoebutton 

Ardisia glauciflora Urban OBL Ausubon 

Ardisia luquillensis (Britt.) Alain FAC Mountain Marl-Berry 

Areca catechu L. FAC* 

Arenaria lanuginosa (Michx.) Rohrb. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Spreading Sandwort 

Arenaria paludicola B.L. Robins. OBL OBL Marsh Sandwort 

Arenaria serpyllifolia L. UPL FACU FAC FACU UPL FAC FAC FACU Thyme-Leaf Sandwort 

Arethusa bulbosa L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dragon's-Mouth 

Argusia gnaphalodes (L.) Heine FACU FACU Sea-Rosemary 

Argyroxiphium caliginis Forbes OBL Eke Silversword 

Argyroxiphium grayanum (Hbd.) O. Deg. OBL Maui Greensword 

Argyroxiphium kauense (Rock & Neal) O.& I. Deg. FACW Kau Silversword 

Arida arizonica (R.C. Jackson & R.R. Johnson) D. 

Morgan & R.L. Hartman 

FACU 

FACU Common Desert Tansy-Aster 

Arida carnosa (Gray) D. Morgan & R.L. Hartman OBL OBL Shrubby Alkali Desert Tansy- 

Aster 

Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Greendragon 

Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC Jack-in-the-Pulpit 

Aristea gerrardii Weim. FACU Gerrard's Aristea 

Aristida beyrichiana Trin. & Rupr. FAC Beyrich's Three-Awn 

Aristida dichotoma Michx. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Church-Mouse Three-Awn 

Aristida longespica Poir. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Red Three-Awn 

Aristida patula Chapman ex Nash FAC Tall Three-Awn 

Aristida purpurascens Poir. FACW FAC UPL FACU UPL Arrow-Feather Three-Awn 

Aristida rhizomophora Swallen FACW Florida Three-Awn 

Aristida simpliciflora Chapman FAC Southern Three-Awn



Aristida spiciformis Ell. FAC FACU FAC Bottlebrush Three-Awn 

Aristida stricta Michx. FAC FAC Pineland Three-Awn 

Aristolochia elegans Mast. UPL UPL FACU Elegant Dutchman's-Pipe 

Aristolochia trilobata L. FACW Bejuco-de-Santiago 

Arivela viscosa (L.) Raf. UPL FACU UPL Tickweed 

Armeria maritima (P. Mill.) Willd. FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Sea Thrift 

Arnica acaulis (Walt.) B.S.P. UPL FACU Common Leopardbane 

Arnica chamissonis Less. FACW FACW FACW FACW Leafy Leopardbane 

Arnica fulgens Pursh FACU UPL UPL Shining Leopardbane 

Arnica lanceolata Nutt. FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW Lance-Leaf Leopardbane 

Arnica latifolia Bong. FAC FAC FAC FAC Daffodil Leopardbane 

Arnica longifolia D.C. Eat. FACW FACW FACW Spear-Leaf Leopardbane 

Arnica mollis Hook. FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Cordilleran Leopardbane 

Arnica ovata Greene FACW FACW FACW FACW Sticky-Leaf Leopardbane 

Arnoglossum diversifolium (Torr. & Gray) H.E. Robins. FACW Variable-Leaf Indian-Plantain 

Arnoglossum ovatum (Walt.) H.E. Robins. FACW FAC FAC Egg-Leaf Indian-Plantain 

Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf. FACU FACW FAC FAC FAC Groove-Stem Indian-Plantain 

Arnoglossum sulcatum (Fern.) H.E. Robins. OBL Georgia Indian-Plantain 

Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Red Chokeberry 

Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell. FAC FAC OBL FACW FAC Black Chokeberry 

Aronia prunifolia (Marsh.) Rehd. FACW FACW FACW FACW Purple Chokeberry 

Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. ex J.& K. Presl FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Tall Oat Grass 

Artemisia annua L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Annual Wormwood 

Artemisia biennis Willd. FACU FAC FACW FACU FACU FACW FACW FACW Biennial Wormwood 

Artemisia cana Pursh FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Coaltown Sagebrush 

Artemisia douglasiana Bess. ex Hook. FAC FACW Douglas' Wormwood 

Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU White Sagebrush 

Artemisia norvegica Fries FACU FACU FACW FACU Boreal Sagebrush 

Artemisia papposa Blake & Cronq. FACU FACU Fuzzy Sagebrush 

Artemisia potentilloides Gray FAC FAC Five-Finger Chicken-Sage 

Artemisia stelleriana Bess. FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Oldwoman 

Artemisia suksdorfii Piper FACU FACU Coastal Wormwood 

Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. FACU FACU FACU Tilesius' Wormwood 

Artemisia vulgaris L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Common Wormwood 

Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino FAC FAC FACU FACU FACW FACW FAC Small Carp Grass 

Arthrocnemum subterminale (Parish) Standl. FACW OBL Parish's Glasswort



Arthrostemma ciliatum Pavón ex D. Don FAC Pinkfringe 

Arthrostylidium multispicatum Pilger FAC Woodland Climbing Bamboo 

Arthrostylidium sarmentosum Pilger FAC Forest Climbing Bamboo 

Aruncus dioicus (Walt.) Fern. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Bride's-Feathers 

Arundina graminifolia (D. Don) Hochr. FACU FACU Bamboo Orchid 

Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Muhl. FACW FACW FACW FACW Giant Cane 

Arundinaria tecta (Walt.) Muhl. FACW FACW FACW Switch Cane 

Arundo donax L. FAC FACW FAC FACU FAC FAC FACW FACW Giant-Reed 

Asarum canadense L. UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Canadian Wild Ginger 

Asarum caudatum Lindl. FAC FACU Long-Tail Wild Ginger 

Asarum lemmonii S. Wats. OBL OBL Lemmon's Wild Ginger 

Asclepias connivens Baldw. OBL Large-Flower Milkweed 

Asclepias curassavica L. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC UPL Bloodflower 

Asclepias exaltata L. UPL FACU FAC UPL UPL Poke Milkweed 

Asclepias fascicularis Dcne. FAC FAC Narrow-Leaf Milkweed 

Asclepias incarnata L. OBL OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Swamp Milkweed 

Asclepias lanceolata Walt. OBL OBL Few-Flower Milkweed 

Asclepias longifolia Michx. FAC FAC FAC UPL UPL Long-Leaf Milkweed 

Asclepias michauxii Dcne. FAC FAC Michaux's Milkweed 

Asclepias oenotheroides Cham. & Schlecht. FACU FACU FACU FACU Zizotes Milkweed 

Asclepias pedicellata Walt. FACW Savannah Milkweed 

Asclepias perennis Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Aquatic Milkweed 

Asclepias prostrata Blackwell FAC Prostrate Milkweed 

Asclepias pumila (Gray) Vail UPL UPL FACU UPL Low Milkweed 

Asclepias purpurascens L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Purple Milkweed 

Asclepias rubra L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Red Milkweed 

Asclepias speciosa Torr. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Showy Milkweed 

Asclepias subverticillata (Gray) Vail FACU FACU FACU UPL Horsetail Milkweed 

Asclepias syriaca L. UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU Common Milkweed 

Asclepias texana Heller FACU FACU Texas Milkweed 

Asclepias variegata L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Red-Ring Milkweed 

Asclepias verticillata L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Whorled Milkweed 

Asclepias viridula Chapman FACW Southern Milkweed 

Asemeia grandiflora (Walt.) Small OBL FAC FACU Violet Fringeless-Milkwort 

Asimina parviflora (Michx.) Dunal FACU UPL FAC Small-Flower Pawpaw 

Asimina pygmea (Bartr.) Dunal FACU Dwarf Pawpaw



Asimina reticulata Shuttlw. ex Chapman FACU Netted Pawpaw 

Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC Common Pawpaw 

Asparagus officinalis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Asparagus 

Asperugo procumbens L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL German-Madwort 

Asplenium abscissum Willd. FACW FACW FACW Cut-Leaf Spleenwort 

Asplenium acuminatum Hook. & Arn. FACU Taper-Tip Spleenwort 

Asplenium adiantum-nigrum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Black Spleenwort 

Asplenium aethiopicum (N.L. Burm.) Becherer FACU Mexican Spleenwort 

Asplenium auriculatum Sw. FAC Tree-Trunk Spleenwort 

Asplenium contiguum Kaulfuss FACU Forest Spleenwort 

Asplenium cristatum Lam. FAC FAC Parsley Spleenwort 

Asplenium dentatum L. FACW UPL Toothed Spleenwort 

Asplenium excisum K. Presl FACU One-Sided Spleenwort 

Asplenium formosum Willd. FACW Showy Spleenwort 

Asplenium heterochroum Kunze FAC UPL Bicolored Spleenwort 

Asplenium hobdyi W.H. Wagner FACU Hobdy's Spleenwort 

Asplenium horridum Kaulfuss FACU Lacy Spleenwort 

Asplenium insiticium Brack. UPL FACU Royal Spleenwort 

Asplenium juglandifolium Lam. FAC Walnut Spleenwort 

Asplenium laetum Sw. FACW Brown-Stem Spleenwort 

Asplenium lobulatum Mett. FACU Piipiilau Manamana 

Asplenium macraei Hook. & Grev. FACU Macrae's Spleenwort 

Asplenium normale D. Don FACU Rain-Forest Spleenwort 

Asplenium obtusifolium L. OBL Blunt-Leaf Spleenwort 

Asplenium ocoense C. Christens. FAC Rockledge Spleenwort 

Asplenium platyneuron (L.) B.S.P. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Ebony Spleenwort 

Asplenium polyodon G. Forst. FACU Birdnest Fern 

Asplenium pteropus Kaulfuss FACU West Indian Spleenwort 

Asplenium pumilum Sw. FAC UPL Dwarf Spleenwort 

Asplenium schizophyllum C. Christens. FACU Fringed Spleenwort 

Asplenium sphenotomum Hbd. FACU 

Asplenium trichomanes L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL UPL UPL FAC Maidenhair Spleenwort 

Asplenium unilaterale Lam. FACU Pamohe 

Asplenium uniseriale Raddi FAC Shiny-Stem Spleenwort 

Asplenium X flagrum W.H. Wagner & D.D. Palmer FACU 

Asplenium X kokeense W.H. Wagner FACU



Asplenium X sphenocookii W.H. Wagner FACU 

Asplenium X waikomoi W.H. Wagner & D.D. Palmer FACU 

Astelia menziesiana Sm. FACW Pua'akuhinia 

Astelia waialealae Wawra OBL Kauai Pa'iniu 

Astilbe biternata (Vent.) Britt. FACU Appalachian False Goat's-Beard 

Astragalus agrestis Dougl. ex G. Don FAC FACU FACW FACW FACW Cock's-Head 

Astragalus alpinus L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Alpine Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus americanus (Hook.) M.E. Jones FAC FAC FAC FAC American Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus argophyllus Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Silver-Leaf Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus bodinii Sheldon FAC FACW FAC FACW Bodin's Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus canadensis L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW Canadian Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus clevelandii Greene FAC FACW Cleveland's Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus diaphanus Dougl. ex Hook. FACU FACU Transparent Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus eucosmus B.L. Robins. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Elegant Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus hornii Gray FAC FAC Horn's Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus lemmonii Gray FACW FACW Lemmon's Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus lentiginosus Dougl. ex Hook. UPL FACU UPL Freckled Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus leptaleus Gray OBL OBL OBL Park Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus limnocharis Barneby OBL OBL Cedar-Breaks Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus neglectus (Torr. & Gray) Sheldon FACU UPL FACU FACU Cooper's Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus nutzotinensis Rouss. FAC Nutzotin Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus phoenix Barneby FACU Ash Meadows Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus polaris Benth. FAC Polar Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus pycnostachyus Gray OBL OBL Marsh Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus robbinsii (Oakes) Gray FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC Robbins' Milk-Vetch 

Astragalus tener Gray FACW FACW Alkali Milk-Vetch 

Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anders. UPL UPL FACU Chinese-Violet 

Athyrium americanum (Butters) Maxon FAC FAC FAC FAC American Alpine Lady Fern 

Athyrium angustum (Willd.) K. Presl FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Northern Lady Fern 

Athyrium asplenioides (Michx.) A.A. Eat. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Southern Lady Fern 

Athyrium cyclosorum Rupr. FAC FAC FAC FAC Western Lady Fern 

Athyrium microphyllum (J. Sm.) Alston FAC Akolea 

Atriplex alaskensis S. Wats. FACW Alaska Orache 

Atriplex amnicola P.G. Wilson FAC Swamp Saltbush 

Atriplex argentea Nutt. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Silverscale 

Atriplex bonnevillensis C.A. Hanson FACW FACW Bonneville Saltbush



Atriplex cordulata Jepson FAC FAC Heartscale 

Atriplex coronata S. Wats. FACW FACW Crown Saltbush 

Atriplex coulteri (Moq.) D. Dietr. FACU Coulter's Saltbush 

Atriplex depressa Jepson FAC FAC Rhomboid-Bract Saltbush 

Atriplex dioica Raf. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC UPL Saline Saltbush 

Atriplex fruticulosa Jepson FACW FACW Ball Saltbush 

Atriplex glabriuscula Edmondston FACU FACU FACU FACU Scotland Orache 

Atriplex gmelinii C.A. Mey. ex Bong. FACW FACW FACW Gmelin's Saltbush 

Atriplex griffithsii Standl. FACU Griffiths' Saltbush 

Atriplex hillmanii (M.E. Jones) Standley FACU FACU Hillman's Silverscale 

Atriplex hortensis L. FACW FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC Garden Orache 

Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) S. Wats. FAC FAC FAC Quailbush 

Atriplex leucophylla (Moq.) D. Dietr. FAC FAC Beach Saltbush 

Atriplex minuscula Standl. FACU FACU Lesser Saltbush 

Atriplex mucronata Raf. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Crested Saltbush 

Atriplex pacifica A. Nels. FACU Davidson's Saltbush 

Atriplex parishii S. Wats. FAC Brittlescale 

Atriplex parryi S. Wats. FAC FACW Parry's Saltbush 

Atriplex patula L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Halberd-Leaf Orache 

Atriplex persistens Stutz & Chu FACW FACW Sacramento Saltbush 

Atriplex phyllostegia (Torr. ex S. Wats.) S. Wats. FACW FACW Arrow Saltbush 

Atriplex polycarpa (Torr.) S. Wats. FACU FACU Cattle-Spinach 

Atriplex prostrata Bouchér ex DC. FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC FAC Hastate Orache 

Atriplex pusilla (Torr.) S. Wats. FAC FAC Smooth Saltbush 

Atriplex rosea L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Tumbling Orache 

Atriplex semibaccata R. Br. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW Australian Saltbush 

Atriplex serenana A. Nels. ex Abrams FAC FAC Bracted Saltbush 

Atriplex spinifera J.F. Macbr. FAC FAC Spinescale 

Atriplex suberecta I. Verd. FACU FACU FACU Peregrine Saltbush 

Atriplex torreyi (S. Wats.) S. Wats. FAC FAC Torrey's Saltbush 

Atriplex tridentata Kuntze FACW FACW FACW Basin Saltbush 

Atriplex truncata (Torr. ex S. Wats.) Gray FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Wedge-Leaf Orache 

Atriplex tularensis Coville FAC FAC Bakersfield Saltbush 

Atriplex vallicola Hoover FACW FACW Lost Hills Saltbush 

Atriplex watsonii A. Nels. FACW Watson's Saltbush 

Atriplex welshii C.A. Hanson FACU FACU Welsh's Saltbush



Avena sativa L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FAC UPL UPL UPL Oat 

Avicennia germinans (L.) L. OBL OBL OBL Black Mangrove 

Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. OBL OBL* Gray Mangrove 

Axonopus aureus Beauv. FAC Golden Carpet Grass 

Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauv. FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Broad-Leaf Carpet Grass 

Axonopus fissifolius (Raddi) Kuhlm. FACW FAC FACU FACW FAC FAC Narrow-Leaf Carpet Grass 

Axonopus furcatus (Flueggé) A.S. Hitchc. OBL FACW OBL Big Carpet Grass 

Azolla cristata Kaulfuss OBL OBL OBL Crested Mosquito Fern 

Azolla filiculoides Lam. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Large Mosquito Fern 

Azolla microphylla Kaulfuss OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Mexican Mosquito Fern 

Azolla pinnata R. Br. OBL Asian Mosquito Fern 

Baccharis angustifolia Michx. FACW Saltwater False Willow 

Baccharis dioica Vahl FACW UPL Broombush False Willow 

Baccharis glomeruliflora Pers. FACW Silverling 

Baccharis glutinosa Pers. FACW OBL Douglas' False Willow 

Baccharis halimifolia L. FAC FACW FAC FACW Groundseltree 

Baccharis neglecta Britt. FAC FAC FAC Roosevelt-Weed 

Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pavón) Pers. FACW FAC FACW FACW Mule's-Fat 

Baccharis salicina Torr. & Gray FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Great Plains False Willow 

Baccharis sarothroides Gray FACU FAC FACU Rosinbush 

Baccharis sergiloides Gray FACU FAC Squaw's False Willow 

Baccharis wrightii Gray FACU FACU FACU Wright's False Willow 

Bacopa caroliniana (Walt.) B.L. Robins. OBL OBL OBL Blue Water-Hyssop 

Bacopa egensis (Poepp.) Pennell OBL Brazilian Water-Hyssop 

Bacopa eisenii (Kellogg) Pennell OBL OBL Gila River Water-Hyssop 

Bacopa innominata (M. Gómez) Alain OBL OBL Tropical Water-Hyssop 

Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Herb-of-Grace 

Bacopa repens (Sw.) Wettst. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Creeping Water-Hyssop 

Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Disk Water-Hyssop 

Bacopa stricta (Schrad.) B.L. Robins. OBL Yerba-de-Culebra 

Balduina atropurpurea Harper FACW FACW Purple-Disk Honeycomb-Head 

Balduina uniflora Nutt. FACW FACW One-Flower Honeycomb-Head 

Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl. UPL FACU FACU FAC Feathery Bamboo 

Banara portoricensis Krug & Urban FACU Puerto Rico Palo-de-Ramon 

Baptisia alba (L.) Vent. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU White Wild Indigo 

Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. FACU Blue Wild Indigo



Baptisia megacarpa Chapman ex Torr. & Gray FAC FAC Apalachicola Wild Indigo 

Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb. FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW American Yellow-Rocket 

Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Garden Yellow-Rocket 

Barkleyanthus salicifolius (Kunth) H.E. Robins. & Brett. FAC FAC Barkley's-Ragwort 

Barleria cristata L. UPL UPL FACU Crested Philippine-Violet 

Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz UPL FACU* Sea Putat 

Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. FACW* Yu Rui 

Bartonia paniculata (Michx.) Muhl. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Twining Screwstem 

Bartonia verna (Michx.) Raf. ex Bart. OBL White Screwstem 

Bartonia virginica (L.) B.S.P. FACW FACW FACW FACW Yellow Screwstem 

Bassia hirsuta (L.) Aschers. OBL OBL OBL OBL Hairy Smotherweed 

Bassia hyssopifolia (Pallas) Kuntz FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Five-Horn Smotherweed 

Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott FACU FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC Mexican-Fireweed 

Batis maritima L. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL Turtleweed 

Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Slough Grass 

Beckwithia glacialis (L.) A.& D. Löve FACW Glacier Pink Buttercup 

Begonia cucullata Willd. FAC UPL FACU Clubbed Begonia 

Begonia decandra Pavón ex A. DC. FACW Native Begonia 

Begonia foliosa Kunth FACU Fuchsia Begonia 

Begonia hirtella Link UPL UPL FACU Brazilian Begonia 

Bejaria racemosa Vent. FAC Tarflower 

Bensoniella oregona (Abrams & Bacig.) Morton FAC Oregon Bensoniella 

Berberis thunbergii DC. UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Japanese Barberry 

Berberis vulgaris L. UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL European Barberry 

Berchemia scandens (Hill) K. Koch FAC FACW FAC FAC Alabama Supplejack 

Bergia texana (Hook.) Seub. ex Walp. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Texas Bergia 

Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Cut-Leaf-Water-Parsnip 

Besseya alpina (Gray) Rydb. FACW FACW FACW Alpine Coraldrops 

Besseya plantaginea (James) Rydb. FAC FACW FAC White River Coraldrops 

Betula alleghaniensis Britt. FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC Yellow Birch 

Betula cordifolia Regel FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Heart-Leaf Paper Birch 

Betula glandulosa Michx. FAC OBL OBL OBL OBL Resin Birch 

Betula lenta L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Sweet Birch 

Betula murrayana Barnes & Dancik FACW Murray's Birch 

Betula nana L. FAC Swamp Birch 

Betula neoalaskana Sarg. FACU Alaska Paper Birch



Betula nigra L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW River Birch 

Betula occidentalis Hook. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Water Birch 

Betula papyrifera Marsh. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Paper Birch 

Betula pendula Roth FACU FACU European Weeping Birch 

Betula populifolia Marsh. FAC FAC FAC FAC Gray Birch 

Betula pubescens Ehrh. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACU FACW FACW Downy Birch 

Betula pumila L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Birch 

Betula X purpusii Schneid. OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Betula X sandbergii Britt. OBL OBL OBL 

Bidens amplissima Greene FACW FACW Vancouver Island Beggarticks 

Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Bearded Beggarticks 

Bidens aurea (Ait.) Sherff OBL OBL Arizona Beggarticks 

Bidens beckii Torr. ex Spreng. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Beck's Water-Marigold 

Bidens bidentoides (Nutt.) Britt. FACW FACW FACW Delmarva Beggarticks 

Bidens bigelovii Gray FACW FACW FACW Bigelow's Beggarticks 

Bidens bipinnata L. FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Spanish-Needles 

Bidens campylotheca Schultz-Bip. FACU Viper Beggarticks 

Bidens cernua L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Nodding Burr-Marigold 

Bidens conjuncta Sherff FACW Bog Beggarticks 

Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Small Beggarticks 

Bidens eatonii Fern. OBL Eaton's Beggarticks 

Bidens forbesii Sherff FACU Coastal-Bluff Beggarticks 

Bidens frondosa L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Devil's-Pitchfork 

Bidens heterodoxa (Fern.) Fern. & St. John FACW Connecticut Beggarticks 

Bidens hyperborea Greene OBL Estuary Beggarticks 

Bidens laevis (L.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Smooth Beggarticks 

Bidens leptocephala Sherff FAC FACW FAC Few-Flower Beggarticks 

Bidens macrocarpa (Gray) Sherff FACU Large-Fruit Beggarticks 

Bidens mitis (Michx.) Sherff OBL OBL OBL Small-Fruit Beggarticks 

Bidens pilosa L. FAC FAC FACU FACW FACW FACU FACW FACW FACW Hairy Beggarticks 

Bidens tenuisecta Gray FAC FACW FACW FACW Slim-Lobe Beggarticks 

Bidens torta Sherff FACU Corkscrew Beggarticks 

Bidens trichosperma (Michx.) Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Crowned Beggarticks 

Bidens tripartita L. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW Three-Lobe Beggarticks 

Bidens valida Sherff FACU Mt. Kahili Beggarticks 

Bidens vulgata Greene OBL FACW FAC FAC FACW FAC OBL Tall Beggarticks



Bigelowia nudata (Michx.) DC. FACW FACW Pineland Rayless-Goldenrod 

Bigelowia nuttallii L.C. Anders. FACU FACU FACU Nuttall's Rayless-Goldenrod 

Bignonia capreolata L. FAC FAC FAC FACW Crossvine 

Bistorta bistortoides (Pursh) Small FACW OBL FACW American Bistort 

Bistorta officinalis Delarbre FACW Meadow Bistort 

Bistorta plumosa (Small) Greene FACU Plumed Bistort 

Bistorta vivipara (L.) Delarbre FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Serpent-Grass 

Bixa orellana L. UPL FACU Lipsticktree 

Blechnum appendiculatum Willd. FACU Palm Fern 

Blechnum divergens (Kunze) Mett. OBL Ravine Mid-Sorus Fern 

Blechnum lineatum (Sw.) C. Christens. FAC Rockbank Mid-Sorus Fern 

Blechnum occidentale L. FAC FACU FAC FACU Hammock Fern 

Blechnum orientale L. FACU* 

Blechnum polypodioides Raddi FACU Narrow-Leaf Mid-Sorus Fern 

Blechnum serrulatum L.C. Rich. FACW OBL Toothed Mid-Sorus Fern 

Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm. FAC FAC FAC Deer Fern 

Blennosperma bakeri Heiser OBL OBL Baker's Stickyseed 

Blennosperma nanum (Hook.) Blake FACW FACW Common Stickyseed 

Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Hairy Pagoda-Plant 

Bletia purpurea (Lam.) DC. FAC Pine-Pink 

Bloomeria clevelandii S. Wats. FACU San Diego Goldenstars 

Blumea sessiliflora Dcne. FACU Sessile-Leaf False Oxtongue 

Blutaparon vermiculare (L.) Mears FACW FACW FACW FAC Bayflower 

Blysmopsis rufa (Huds.) Oteng-Yeboah OBL Red-Bulrush 

Blyxa aubertii L.C. Rich. OBL Bambooplant 

Bobea brevipes Gray FACU Akupa 

Bobea elatior Gaud. FACU Ahakea Lau Nui 

Bocconia frutescens L. FAC UPL Parrotweed 

Boechera collinsii (Fern.) A.& D. Löve FACU UPL FACU 

Boechera dentata (Raf.) Al-Shehbaz & Zarucchi FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL Short's Rockcress 

Boechera divaricarpa (A. Nels.) A.& D. Löve FACU FACU FACU FACU 

Boechera goodrichii (Welsh) N. Holmgren FACU FACU Goodrich Rockcress 

Boechera grahamii (Lehm.) Windham & Al-Shehbaz FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Boivin's Rockcress 

Boechera lemmonii (S. Wats.) W.A. Weber UPL FACU UPL UPL Soldier Rockcress 

Boechera stricta (Graham) Al-Shehbaz FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Canadian Rockcress 

Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL Small-Spike False Nettle



Boehmeria grandis (Hook. & Arn.) Heller FAC Hawaii False Nettle 

Boerhavia erecta L. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU* UPL UPL Erect Spiderling 

Boerhavia repens L. FAC Anena 

Bolandra californica Gray FACW FACW Sierran False Coolwort 

Bolandra oregana S. Wats. FACW FACW Northern False Coolwort 

Bolbitis aliena (Sw.) Alston FAC Diamond Creeping Fern 

Bolbitis nicotianifolia (Sw.) Alston FACU Thin-Leaf Creeping Fern 

Bolbitis pergamentacea (Maxon) Ching FACU Woodland Creeping Fern 

Bolbitis portoricensis (Spreng.) Hennipman FACU Puerto Rico Creeping Fern 

Bolbitis quoyana (Gaud.) Ching FAC* 

Boltonia asteroides (L.) L'Hér. FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW OBL White Doll's Daisy 

Boltonia caroliniana (Walt.) Fern. FACW FACW Carolina Doll's Daisy 

Boltonia diffusa Ell. FAC FAC FACW FACW Small-Head Doll's Daisy 

Boltonia montana Townsend & Karaman-Castro FACW FACW Mountain Doll's Daisy 

Bontia daphnoides L. FACW FACW White Alling 

Borrichia arborescens (L.) DC. FACW FACW Tree Seaside-Tansy 

Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC. OBL FACW FACW Bushy Seaside-Tansy 

Borrichia X cubana Britt. & Blake (pro sp.) FACW 

Boschniakia rossica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Fedtsch. FACU Northern Groundcone 

Bothriochloa barbinodis (Lag.) Herter FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU Cane Beard Grass 

Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Australian Beard Grass 

Botrychium ascendens W.H. Wagner FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU Triangle-Lobe Moonwort 

Botrychium crenulatum W.H. Wagner FACW FACW Scalloped Moonwort 

Botrychium hesperium 

(Maxon & Clausen) W.H. Wagner & 

Lellinger 

FACU FACU UPL FACU Western Moonwort 

Botrychium lanceolatum (Gmel.) Angstr. FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Lance-Leaf Moonwort 

Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Common Moonwort 

Botrychium matricariifolium 

(A. Braun ex Dowell) A. Braun ex 

Koch 

UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Daisy-Leaf Moonwort 

Botrychium pinnatum St. John UPL FACU UPL Northeastern Moonwort 

Botrychium simplex E. Hitchc. FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Least Moonwort 

Botrypus virginianus (L.) Holub FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Rattlesnake Fern 

Bouteloua dactyloides (Nutt.) J.T. Columbus FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Buffalo Grass 

Bowlesia incana Ruiz & Pavón FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Hoary Bowlesia 

Boykinia aconitifolia Nutt. FACW FACW Allegheny Brookfoam 

Boykinia major Gray FACW FACW Mountain Brookfoam



Boykinia occidentalis Torr. & Gray FAC FAC Coastal Brookfoam 

Boykinia rotundifolia Parry FACW Round-Leaf Brookfoam 

Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb. ex Spreng.) Beauv. FACU Bearded Shorthusk 

Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Watershield 

Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL Chinese Mustard 

Brassica rapa L. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Rape 

Braya glabella Richards. FAC FAC FACW Smooth Northern-Rockcress 

Braya humilis (C.A. Mey.) B.L. Robins. FAC UPL UPL FACU UPL Alpine Northern-Rockcress 

Breynia disticha J.R. & G. Forst. FAC UPL FACU Snowbush 

Brickellia californica (Torr. & Gray) Gray FACU FACU FACU California Brickellbush 

Brickellia greenei Gray FACU FACU Mountain Brickellbush 

Brintonia discoidea (Ell.) Greene FACU FACU Rayless Mock Goldenrod 

Briza media L. FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Perennial Quaking Grass 

Briza minor L. FAC FAC FACW FAC FACU FACW FACW FAC Lesser Quaking Grass 

Brodiaea coronaria (Salisb.) Engl. FAC FACW Harvest Cluster-Lily 

Brodiaea elegans Hoover FACU FACU Elegant Cluster-Lily 

Brodiaea filifolia S. Wats. FAC Thread-Leaf Cluster-Lily 

Brodiaea orcuttii (Greene) Baker OBL Orcutt's Cluster-Lily 

Brodiaea pallida Hoover FACW FACW Chinese Camp Cluster-Lily 

Brodiaea rosea (Greene) Baker FAC FACW Indian Valley Cluster-Lily 

Bromidium tandilense (Kuntze) Rúgolo OBL Kennedy's Tropical Bent 

Bromus arvensis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Field Brome 

Bromus briziformis Fisch. & C.A. Mey. FACU FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Rattlesnake Brome 

Bromus ciliatus L. FACW FACU FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Fringed Brome 

Bromus hordeaceus L. UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Soft Brome 

Bromus inermis Leyss. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL FAC Smooth Brome 

Bromus kalmii Gray FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU Kalm's Brome 

Bromus latiglumis (Scribn. ex Shear) A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Early-Leaf Brome 

Bromus madritensis L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Compact Brome 

Bromus pubescens Spreng. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Hairy Woodland Brome 

Bromus richardsonii Link FACU FACU FACU FACU Richardson's Brome 

Bromus vulgaris (Hook.) Shear FACU UPL FACU Colombian Brome 

Broussaisia arguta Gaud. FAC Kanawao 

Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) L'Hér. ex Vent. FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Paper-Mulberry 

Browallia americana L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Jamaican-Forget-Me-Not 

Browallia eludens R.K. Van Devender & P.D. Jenkins FACW Bush-Violet



Brugmansia suaveolens 

(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Bercht. FACW FACW Angel's-Tears 

& K. Presl 

Bruguiera parviflora (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. ex Griffith OBL Small-Flower Oriental-Mangrove 

Bruguiera sexangula (Lour.) Poir. OBL Oriental-Mangrove 

Brunellia comocladiifolia Humb. & Bonpl. FACU West Indian-Sumac 

Brunfelsia lactea Krug & Urban FAC Vega-Blanca 

Brunfelsia portoricensis Krug & Urban FACW Puerto Rico-Raintree 

Brunnichia ovata (Walt.) Shinners FACW FACW FACW FACW American Buckwheatvine 

Buchenavia tetraphylla (Aubl.) Howard FACU Yellow-Sanders 

Buchnera americana L. FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC American Bluehearts 

Buchnera floridana Gandog. FAC FACU FAC Florida Bluehearts 

Buchnera longifolia Kunth OBL Elongated Bluehearts 

Bucida buceras L. FACW FACU Gregory-Wood 

Buddleja asiatica Lour. FACU Dogtail 

Buddleja davidii Franch. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Orange-Eye Butterfly-Bush 

Buddleja madagascariensis Lam. UPL UPL FACU Smokebush 

Bulbostylis antillana (Britt.) Fern. FAC Antilles Hair Sedge 

Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke FAC FACU FAC FACU Water-Grass 

Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) Kunth ex C.B. Clarke FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FAC Dense-Tuft Hair Sedge 

Bulbostylis ciliatifolia (Ell.) Fern. FAC FACU FAC Capillary Hair Sedge 

Bulbostylis funckii (Steud.) C.B. Clarke FACW FACW FACW Funck's Hair Sedge 

Bulbostylis juncoides (Vahl) Kükenth. ex Herter FACW FACW FACW Rush Hair Sedge 

Bulbostylis stenophylla (Ell.) C.B. Clarke FACU Sandy-Field Hair Sedge 

Bulbostylis warei (Torr.) C.B. Clarke FACU FACU Ware's Hair Sedge 

Burmannia biflora L. OBL OBL OBL Northern Bluethread 

Burmannia capitata (J.F. Gmel.) Mart. OBL FACW OBL OBL Southern Bluethread 

Burmannia flava Mart. OBL Fahkahatchee Bluethread 

Butomus umbellatus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Greater Flowering-Rush 

Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth FACU Nance 

Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Kunth FACU Doncella 

Cabomba caroliniana Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Carolina Fanwort 

Cabomba furcata J.A. & J.H. Schultes OBL Whorled-Leaf Fanwort 

Cabomba haynesii Wiersema OBL Opposite-Leaf Fanwort 

Cabomba palaeformis Fassett OBL Fish-Grass 

Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. FAC FACU FACU UPL Yellow Nicker 

Caesalpinia crista L. FAC UPL Fevernut



Caesalpinia decapetala (Roth) Alston FACU UPL Shoofly 

Cakile constricta Rodman FACU Gulf Coast Searocket 

Cakile edentula (Bigelow) Hook. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Searocket 

Cakile geniculata (B.L. Robins.) Millsp. FAC FAC Gulf Searocket 

Cakile lanceolata (Willd.) O.E. Schulz FAC UPL FACW Coastal Searocket 

Cakile maritima Scop. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU European Searocket 

Caladium bicolor (Ait.) Vent. FAC FACW Heart-of-Jesus 

Calamagrostis bolanderi Thurb. FACW FACW Bolander's Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis breweri Thurb. FACW FACW Short-Hair Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. OBL FAC FACW FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Bluejoint 

Calamagrostis coarctata (Torr.) Torr. ex Eat. OBL OBL OBL OBL Nuttall's Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis deschampsioides Trin. FACW Circumpolar Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis expansa (Munro ex Hbd.) A.S. Hitchc. FAC Maui Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis hillebrandii (Munro ex Hbd.) A.S. Hitchc. FACW Bog Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis lapponica (Wahlenb.) Hartman FAC Lapland Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis nutkaensis (J. Presl) J. Presl ex Steud. FAC FACW FACW Nootka Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis perplexa Scribn. FACW Wood Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis pickeringii Gray FACW FACW FACW Pickering's Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis scopulorum M.E. Jones FAC FAC FAC Ditch Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koel. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Slim-Stem Reed Grass 

Calamagrostis tweedyi (Scribn.) Scribn. ex Vasey FAC FAC Cascade Reed Grass 

Calamovilfa arcuata K.E. Rogers FACW FACW OBL Cumberland Sand-Reed 

Calamovilfa brevipilis (Torr.) Scribn. OBL OBL OBL Pine-Barren Sand-Reed 

Calamovilfa curtissii (Vasey) Scribn. FAC Florida Sand-Reed 

Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pavón) DC. FACU FACU FACU Fringed Redmaids 

Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames FACU* 

Calathea lutea (Aubl.) Schult. FACW Pampano 

Calibrachoa parviflora (Juss.) D'Arcy FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Seaside-Petunia 

Calla palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water-Dragon 

Callicarpa americana L. FACU FACU FACU FACU American Beauty-Berry 

Callicarpa ampla Schauer FAC Caparosa 

Callicarpa dichotoma (Lour.) K. Koch OBL OBL Chinese Beauty-Berry 

Callisia monandra (Sw.) J.A. & J.H. Schultes FACU Cojite-Morado 

Callisia repens (Jacq.) L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Creeping-Inchplant 

Callistopteris baldwinii (D.C. Eat.) Copeland FACU Baldwin's False Filmy Fern 

Callitriche fassettii Schotsman OBL OBL Fassett's Water-Starwort



Callitriche hermaphroditica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Autumn Water-Starwort 

Callitriche heterophylla Pursh OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Greater Water-Starwort 

Callitriche longipedunculata Morong OBL OBL Long-Stock Water-Starwort 

Callitriche marginata Torr. OBL OBL OBL Winged Water-Starwort 

Callitriche palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Vernal Water-Starwort 

Callitriche pedunculosa Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Nuttall's Water-Starwort 

Callitriche peploides Nutt. OBL OBL OBL Matted Water-Starwort 

Callitriche stagnalis Scop. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pond Water-Starwort 

Callitriche terrestris Raf. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Terrestrial Water-Starwort 

Callitriche trochlearis Fassett OBL OBL Effluent Water-Starwort 

Callitropsis nootkatensis (D. Don) Florin ex D.P.Little FAC FAC FAC Alaska-Cedar 

Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull FAC FAC FAC FAC Heather 

Calochortus excavatus Greene FACU FACU Inyo Mariposa-Lily 

Calochortus longebarbatus S. Wats. FAC FAC Long-Beard Mariposa-Lily 

Calochortus minimus Ownbey FAC FAC Sierran Mariposa-Lily 

Calochortus monanthus Ownbey FAC FAC Shasta River Mariposa-Lily 

Calochortus nudus S. Wats. FAC FAC Naked Mariposa-Lily 

Calochortus palmeri S. Wats. FACW FACW Palmer's Mariposa-Lily 

Calochortus striatus Parish FACW FACW Alkali Mariposa-Lily 

Calochortus uniflorus Hook. & Arn. FACW FACW Monterey Mariposa-Lily 

Calophyllum antillanum Britt. FACW FAC West Indian-Laurel 

Calophyllum inophyllum L. UPL UPL FAC Alexandrian-Laurel 

Calopogon barbatus (Walt.) Ames FACW FACW Bearded Grass-Pink 

Calopogon multiflorus Lindl. FACW Many-Flower Grass-Pink 

Calopogon pallidus Chapman OBL OBL Pale Grass-Pink 

Calopogon tuberosus (L.) B.S.P. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Tuberous Grass-Pink 

Calopogonium caeruleum (Benth.) Suav. FAC Jicama 

Calopogonium mucunoides Desv. FACU Calopo 

Caltha leptosepala DC. OBL OBL OBL OBL White Marsh-Marigold 

Caltha natans Pallas ex Georgi OBL OBL Floating Marsh-Marigold 

Caltha palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow Marsh-Marigold 

Calycanthus floridus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Sweetshrub 

Calycanthus occidentalis Hook. & Arn. FAC FAC Western Sweetshrub 

Calycocarpum lyonii (Pursh) Gray FACW FACW FACW FACW Cupseed 

Calydorea coelestina (Bartr.) Goldblatt & Henrich FACW Enchanting Violet-Lily 

Calypso bulbosa (L.) Oakes FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACU Fairy-Slipper Orchid



Calyptocarpus vialis Less. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Straggler Daisy 

Calyptranthes krugii Kiaersk. FACW Limoncillo 

Calyptranthes luquillensis Alain OBL Luquillo Forest Lidflower 

Calyptranthes portoricensis Britt. OBL Puerto Rico Lidflower 

Calyptranthes triflora Alain FACW Three-Blossom Lidflower 

Calyptridium roseum S. Wats. FACU FACU FACU 

Calyptronoma rivalis (O.F. Cook) Bailey OBL Puerto Rico Manac 

Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Hedge False Bindweed 

Camassia leichtlinii (Baker) S. Wats. FACW FACW Large Camas 

Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene FACW FACW Small Camas 

Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Atlantic Camas 

Camelina alyssum (P. Mill.) Thellung FACU FACU FACU Madwort False Flax 

Camelina microcarpa Andrz. ex DC. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU Little-Pod False Flax 

Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Gold-of-Pleasure 

Campanula aparinoides Pursh OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Bellflower 

Campanula californica (Kellogg) Heller OBL OBL Swamp Bellflower 

Campanula floridana S. Wats. ex Gray OBL Florida Bellflower 

Campanula lasiocarpa Cham. UPL FACU Alaska Bellflower 

Campanula parryi Gray FACU FAC FAC Parry's Bellflower 

Campanula robinsiae Small FACW Robins' Bellflower 

Campanula rotundifolia L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Bluebell-of-Scotland 

Campanula scouleri Hook. ex A. DC. UPL FACU UPL Pale Bellflower 

Campanula uniflora L. UPL FAC FAC Arctic Bellflower 

Campanula wilkinsiana Greene FACW FACW Wilkins' Bellflower 

Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC American-Bellflower 

Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU Trumpet-Creeper 

Campyloneurum costatum (Kunze) K. Presl FAC UPL Tailed Strap Fern 

Campyloneurum repens (Aubl.) K. Presl FACW Creeping Strap Fern 

Canadanthus modestus (Lindl.) Nesom FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FACW Canada-Aster 

Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & T. Thomson UPL FACU* Perfumetree 

Canavalia cathartica Thouars FACU Maunaloa 

Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC. FAC FAC FAC Bay-Bean 

Canna flaccida Salisb. OBL Bandanna-of-the-Everglades 

Canna glauca L. OBL OBL Brazilian Arrow-Wood 

Canna indica L. OBL FAC FACW FACU Indian-Shot 

Canna jaegeriana Urban FAC Caribbean Canna



Canna X generalis Bailey (pro sp.) FACU OBL OBL FACW 

Cantinoa mutabilis (A. Rich.) Harley & J.F.B. Pastore FAC FAC 

Caperonia castaneifolia (L.) St.-Hil. FACW Chestnut-Leaf False Croton 

Caperonia palustris (L.) St.-Hil. FACW OBL FACW Sacatrapo 

Capraria biflora L. FACW FAC FACW Goatweed 

Capraria mexicana Moric. ex Benth. FAC FAC Mexican Goatweed 

Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Shepherd's-Purse 

Cardamine angulata Hook. FACW FACW FACW Seaside Bittercress 

Cardamine angustata O.E. Schulz FAC FACU FAC FACU Slender Toothwort 

Cardamine bellidifolia L. FAC FAC FACW FAC Alpine Bittercress 

Cardamine blaisdellii Eastw. FACW 

Cardamine breweri S. Wats. FACW FACW FACW Sierran Bittercress 

Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb. ex Muhl.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bulbous Bittercress 

Cardamine clematitis Shuttlw. ex Gray OBL Small Mountain Bittercress 

Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Cut-Leaf Toothwort 

Cardamine constancei Detling FAC FAC Constance's Bittercress 

Cardamine cordifolia Gray FACW OBL FACW Large Mountain Bittercress 

Cardamine digitata Richards. FAC Richardson's Bittercress 

Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Wood UPL FACU FACU FACU Crinkleroot 

Cardamine douglassii Britt. OBL FACW FACW FACW Limestone Bittercress 

Cardamine flagellifera O.E. Schulz FACU Blue Ridge Bittercress 

Cardamine flexuosa With. FACU FACU FACU OBL FAC FACU FAC FAC Woodland Bittercress 

Cardamine hirsuta L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU Hairy Bittercress 

Cardamine impatiens L. FAC Narrow-Leaf Bittercress 

Cardamine longii Fern. OBL OBL OBL Long's Bittercress 

Cardamine macrocarpa Brandeg. FAC FACW Large-Seed Bittercress 

Cardamine micranthera Rollins OBL Streambank Bittercress 

Cardamine microphylla M.F. Adams FACW Little-Leaf Bittercress 

Cardamine nuttallii Greene FAC FACW Nuttall's Toothwort 

Cardamine occidentalis (S. Wats.) T.J. Howell FACW FACW FACW Big Western Bittercress 

Cardamine oligosperma Nutt. FAC FAC FAC Little Western Bittercress 

Cardamine pachystigma (S. Wats.) Rollins FAC FAC Serpentine Bittercress 

Cardamine parviflora L. FACU FACW FACU FACW FAC FAC FACW Sand Bittercress 

Cardamine penduliflora O.E. Schulz OBL Willamette Valley Bittercress 

Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Quaker Bittercress 

Cardamine purpurea Cham. & Schlecht. FACW Purple Bittercress



Cardamine rotundifolia Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL American Bittercress 

Cardamine umbellata Greene FACW FACW FACW Umbell's Bittercress 

Cardamine X anomala (Eames) K. Schum. (pro sp.) FACU FACU 

Cardamine X incisa (Eames) K. Schum. (pro sp.) FACU 

Cardiospermum halicacabum L. FAC UPL FACU FAC UPL FAC FAC Love-in-a-Puff 

Cardiospermum microcarpum Kunth FAC UPL Heartseed 

Carduus nutans L. UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Nodding Plumeless-Thistle 

Carex aboriginum M.E. Jones OBL OBL Indian Valley Sedge 

Carex abrupta Mackenzie FAC FAC Abrupt-Beak Sedge 

Carex abscondita Mackenzie FACW FAC FAC FACU FACU Thicket Sedge 

Carex acutiformis Ehrh. OBL OBL OBL Lesser Pond Sedge 

Carex adelostoma Krecz. OBL Circumpolar Sedge 

Carex alata Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Broad-Wing Sedge 

Carex albicans Willd. ex Spreng. FAC UPL FACU UPL UPL White-Tinge Sedge 

Carex albolutescens Schwein. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Green-White Sedge 

Carex albonigra Mackenzie FACU FACU FAC FACU Black-and-White-Scale Sedge 

Carex alligata Boott FACW Hawaii Sedge 

Carex alma Bailey OBL OBL OBL Sturdy Sedge 

Carex alopecoidea Tuckerman FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Fox-Tail Sedge 

Carex amphibola Steud. FACW FAC OBL FAC FAC Eastern Narrow-Leaf Sedge 

Carex amplifolia Boott OBL OBL Big-Leaf Sedge 

Carex angustata Boott FACW FACW Many-Fruit Sedge 

Carex annectens (Bickn.) Bickn. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Yellow-Fruit Sedge 

Carex anthoxanthea J.& K. Presl FACW OBL Grassy-Slope Arctic Sedge 

Carex aperta Boott FACW FACW OBL Columbian Sedge 

Carex aquatilis Wahlenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Leafy Tussock Sedge 

Carex arcta Boott OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Cluster Sedge 

Carex arctiformis Mackenzie OBL Polar Sedge 

Carex arkansana (Bailey) Bailey FACU FACU FACU FAC Arkansas Sedge 

Carex atherodes Spreng. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Wheat Sedge 

Carex athrostachya Olney FAC FACW FACW FACW Slender-Beak Sedge 

Carex atlantica Bailey FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW Prickly Bog Sedge 

Carex atratiformis Britt. FACW FACW Scabrous Black Sedge 

Carex atrofusca Schkuhr FACW Scorched Alpine Sedge 

Carex atrosquama Mackenzie FACW FACU FACU FAC Lesser Black-Scale Sedge 

Carex aurea Nutt. FACW OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Golden-Fruit Sedge



Carex austrina Mackenzie FACU FACU FACU FACU Southern Sedge 

Carex baileyi Britt. FACW OBL OBL Bailey's Sedge 

Carex barbarae Dewey FAC FAC Santa Barbara Sedge 

Carex barrattii Schwein. & Torr. OBL OBL OBL Barratt's Sedge 

Carex basiantha Steud. FACW FACW FACW Widow Sedge 

Carex bebbii Olney ex Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bebb's Sedge 

Carex bella Bailey FACU FAC FACU Southwestern Showy Sedge 

Carex bicknellii Britt. FAC FAC FACW FACU FAC Bicknell's Sedge 

Carex bicolor Bellardi ex All. OBL Two-Color Sedge 

Carex bigelowii Torr. ex Schwein. FAC FACW Bigelow's Sedge 

Carex billingsii (Knight) Kirschb. OBL OBL OBL OBL Billings' Sedge 

Carex blanda Dewey FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Eastern Woodland Sedge 

Carex bolanderi Olney FAC FACW FAC Bolander's Sedge 

Carex bonanzensis Britt. FACW Yukon Sedge 

Carex brevior (Dewey) Mackenzie OBL FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC Short-Beak Sedge 

Carex bromoides Schkuhr ex Willd. FACW FACW FACW FACW Brome-Like Sedge 

Carex brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. FAC FAC OBL FACW FAC FACW FACW OBL Brownish Sedge 

Carex bulbostylis Mackenzie FACW FACW FACW False Hair Sedge 

Carex bullata Schkuhr ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL Button Sedge 

Carex bushii Mackenzie FACW FACW OBL FAC FAC Bush's Sedge 

Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brown Bog Sedge 

Carex californica Bailey FACW FACW California Sedge 

Carex canescens L. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hoary Sedge 

Carex capillaris L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Hair-Like Sedge 

Carex capitata L. FAC FAC FACW FAC FACW Capitate Sedge 

Carex caroliniana Schwein. FACW FACU OBL FACW FAC Carolina Sedge 

Carex castanea Wahlenb. FACW FACW FACW Chestnut-Color Sedge 

Carex cephaloidea (Dewey) Dewey FAC FAC FACU FACU Thin-Leaf Sedge 

Carex cephalophora Muhl. ex Willd. FAC FACU OBL FACU FACU Oval-Leaf Sedge 

Carex chapmanii Steud. FACW FACW Chapman's Sedge 

Carex cherokeensis Schwein. FACW FACW FACW FACW Cherokee Sedge 

Carex chordorrhiza Ehrh. ex L. f. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rope-Root Sedge 

Carex collinsii Nutt. OBL OBL OBL Collins' Sedge 

Carex comosa Boott OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bearded Sedge 

Carex complanata Torr. & Hook. FAC FACU OBL FACU FACU Hirsute Sedge 

Carex concinna R. Br. FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Low Northern Sedge



Carex conjuncta Boott FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW Soft Fox Sedge 

Carex conoidea Schkuhr ex Willd. FACW FACW FACU FAC FACW FACW FAC Open-Field Sedge 

Carex corrugata Fern. FACW FACW FACW FACW Prune-Fruit Sedge 

Carex crawei Dewey OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Crawe's Sedge 

Carex crawfordii Fern. FAC FAC FAC FAC OBL FAC FACW FACW Crawford's Sedge 

Carex crebriflora Wieg. FACW FACW OBL Coastal-Plain Sedge 

Carex crinita Lam. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Fringed Sedge 

Carex cristatella Britt. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Crested Sedge 

Carex crus-corvi Shuttlw. ex Kunze OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Raven-Foot Sedge 

Carex cryptolepis Mackenzie OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northeastern Sedge 

Carex cumulata (Bailey) Fern. FACU FACU FACU FACU Clustered Sedge 

Carex cusickii Mackenzie ex Piper & Beattie OBL OBL Cusick's Sedge 

Carex davisii Schwein. & Torr. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Davis' Sedge 

Carex davyi Mackenzie FACW FACW Davy's Sedge 

Carex debilis Michx. FACW FAC OBL FACW FACW White-Edge Sedge 

Carex decomposita Muhl. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Cypress-Knee Sedge 

Carex densa (Bailey) Bailey OBL OBL Dense Sedge 

Carex deweyana Schwein. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Dewey's Sedge 

Carex diandra Schrank OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lesser Tussock Sedge 

Carex digitalis Willd. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Slender Woodland Sedge 

Carex disperma Dewey FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Soft-Leaf Sedge 

Carex divisa Huds. OBL Separated Sedge 

Carex divulsa Stokes FAC FAC FAC Grassland Sedge 

Carex douglasii Boott FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Douglas' Sedge 

Carex eburnea Boott FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Bristle-Leaf Sedge 

Carex echinata Murr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Star Sedge 

Carex egglestonii Mackenzie FACU Eggleston's Sedge 

Carex eleusinoides Turcz. ex C.A. Mey. FACW Goosegrass Sedge 

Carex elliottii Schwein. & Torr. OBL OBL Elliott's Sedge 

Carex elynoides Holm FAC FAC FAC Black-Root Sedge 

Carex emoryi Dewey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Emory's Sedge 

Carex enanderi Hultén OBL Alaska Sedge 

Carex exilis Dewey OBL OBL OBL OBL Coastal Sedge 

Carex exsiccata Bailey OBL OBL OBL Western Inflated Sedge 

Carex extensa Goodenough OBL OBL Long-Bract Sedge 

Carex festucacea Schkuhr ex Willd. FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Fescue Sedge



Carex feta Bailey FACW FACW Green-Sheath Sedge 

Carex fissa Mackenzie FACW FACW OBL FACW Hammock Sedge 

Carex fissuricola Mackenzie FACW OBL Cleft Sedge 

Carex flaccosperma Dewey FACW FAC FACW FACW Thin-Fruit Sedge 

Carex flava L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow-Green Sedge 

Carex foenea Willd. FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Bronze-Head Oval Sedge 

Carex folliculata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Long Sedge 

Carex formosa Dewey FAC FAC FAC FAC Handsome Sedge 

Carex fracta Mackenzie FAC FAC Fragile-Sheath Sedge 

Carex frankii Kunth OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Frank's Sedge 

Carex fuirenoides Gaud. FACW* 

Carex fuliginosa Schkuhr FAC FACU FACW FACU Short-Leaf Sedge 

Carex garberi Fern. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Elk Sedge 

Carex gigantea Rudge OBL OBL OBL Giant Sedge 

Carex glareosa Schkuhr ex Wahlenb. OBL Lesser Saltmarsh Sedge 

Carex glaucescens Ell. OBL OBL OBL Southern Waxy Sedge 

Carex glaucodea Tuckerman ex Olney FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC Blue Sedge 

Carex gmelinii Hook. & Arn. FAC Gmelin's Sedge 

Carex gracillima Schwein. FACU FACU FACW FACU FACU Graceful Sedge 

Carex granularis Muhl. ex Willd. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL Limestone-Meadow Sedge 

Carex gravida Bailey FACW FACW FACW FACW FACU FACU FACW Heavy Sedge 

Carex grayi Carey FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Gray's Sedge 

Carex grisea Wahlenb. FACW FACU FACW FAC FAC Inflated Narrow-Leaf Sedge 

Carex gynandra Schwein. FACW OBL FACW OBL Nodding Sedge 

Carex gynocrates Wormsk. ex Drej. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Bog Sedge 

Carex gynodynama Olney FAC FAC Olney's Hairy Sedge 

Carex hallii Olney FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Deer Sedge 

Carex harfordii Mackenzie OBL OBL Harford's Sedge 

Carex hassei Bailey FACW FACW Hasse's Sedge 

Carex haydeniana Olney FAC FACU FAC Hayden's Sedge 

Carex haydenii Dewey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Cloud Sedge 

Carex heleonastes L. f. OBL OBL Hudson Bay Sedge 

Carex hendersonii Bailey FAC FAC Henderson's Sedge 

Carex heteroneura W. Boott FAC FACW FAC Different-Nerve Sedge 

Carex hirtissima W. Boott OBL OBL Fuzzy Sedge 

Carex holostoma Drej. OBL Arctic Marsh Sedge



Carex hoodii Boott FACU FAC UPL FACU Hood's Sedge 

Carex hormathodes Fern. OBL OBL OBL Marsh Straw Sedge 

Carex hyalina Boott FACW FACW FACW Tissue Sedge 

Carex hyalinolepis Steud. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Shoreline Sedge 

Carex hystericina Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Porcupine Sedge 

Carex idahoa Bailey FACW FACW Idaho Sedge 

Carex illota Bailey FACW FACW FACW Small-Head Sedge 

Carex incurviformis Mackenzie FAC FAC FAC FAC Coastal-Sand Sedge 

Carex infirminervia Naczi FAC FAC FAC 

Carex integra Mackenzie OBL OBL Smooth-Beak Sedge 

Carex interior Bailey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Inland Sedge 

Carex interrupta Boeckl. OBL OBL Green-Fruit Sedge 

Carex intumescens Rudge FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL Greater Bladder Sedge 

Carex jonesii Bailey FACW FACW OBL Jones' Sedge 

Carex joorii Bailey OBL OBL OBL Cypress-Swamp Sedge 

Carex kauaiensis R.W. Krauss FAC Kauai Sedge 

Carex kelloggii W. Boott OBL OBL OBL OBL Kellogg's Sedge 

Carex klamathensis B.L. Wilson & L.P. Janeway OBL OBL Klamath Sedge 

Carex lachenalii Schkuhr OBL OBL OBL OBL Arctic Hare-Foot Sedge 

Carex lacustris Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lakebank Sedge 

Carex laeviconica Dewey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Smooth-Cone Sedge 

Carex laeviculmis Meinsh. FACW FACW FACW FACW Smooth-Stem Sedge 

Carex laevivaginata (Kükenth.) Mackenzie OBL OBL OBL OBL Smooth-Sheath Sedge 

Carex lapponica O.F. Lang OBL Lapland Sedge 

Carex lasiocarpa Ehrh. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Woolly-Fruit Sedge 

Carex laxa Wahlenb. OBL Weak Sedge 

Carex laxiflora Lam. FACU FACU UPL UPL Broad Loose-Flower Sedge 

Carex lemmonii W. Boott OBL OBL Lemmon's Sedge 

Carex lenticularis Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lakeshore Sedge 

Carex leporina L. FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FACW Oval Sedge 

Carex leporinella Mackenzie FACW FACW OBL Sierran Hare Sedge 

Carex leptalea Wahlenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bristly-Stalk Sedge 

Carex leptonervia (Fern.) Fern. FACW FACW FAC FAC FAC Nerveless Woodland Sedge 

Carex leptopoda Mackenzie FAC FAC Taper-Fruit Short-Scale Sedge 

Carex limosa L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Mud Sedge 

Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Livid Sedge



Carex loliacea L. OBL Rye-Grass Sedge 

Carex lonchocarpa Willd. OBL OBL Southern Long Sedge 

Carex longii Mackenzie OBL FACW UPL OBL OBL FAC OBL OBL OBL Long's Sedge 

Carex louisianica Bailey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Louisiana Sedge 

Carex lupuliformis Sartwell ex Dewey OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL False Hop Sedge 

Carex lupulina Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hop Sedge 

Carex lurida Wahlenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Shallow Sedge 

Carex luzulifolia W. Boott FACW FACW Little-Leaf Sedge 

Carex luzulina Olney OBL OBL Woodrush Sedge 

Carex lyngbyei Hornem. OBL OBL OBL Lyngbye's Sedge 

Carex mackenziei Krecz. OBL FACW Mackenzie's Sedge 

Carex macloviana d'Urv. FAC FACW FACW FACW Falkland Island Sedge 

Carex macrocephala Willd. ex Spreng. FAC FACU Big-Head Sedge 

Carex macrochaeta C.A. Mey. FACW FACW OBL Alaska Long-Awn Sedge 

Carex magellanica Lam. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Boreal-Bog Sedge 

Carex marina Dewey OBL Sea Sedge 

Carex mariposana Bailey ex Mackenzie FACW FACW Mariposa Sedge 

Carex maritima Gunn. FAC Seaside Sedge 

Carex mckittrickensis P.W. Ball FACW FACW Guadalupe Mountain Sedge 

Carex meadii Dewey FAC OBL FAC FAC FAC FAC OBL Mead's Sedge 

Carex media R. Br. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Montana Sedge 

Carex membranacea Hook. FACW Fragile-Seed Sedge 

Carex mendocinensis Olney FACW FACW Mendocino Sedge 

Carex mertensii Prescott ex Bong. FACW FAC FAC FAC Mertens' Sedge 

Carex meyenii Nees FACU Meyen's Sedge 

Carex michauxiana Boeckl. OBL OBL Michaux's Sedge 

Carex microchaeta Holm FAC Alpine-Tundra Sedge 

Carex microdonta Torr. & Hook. FACW FAC FACW OBL FAC Little-Tooth Sedge 

Carex microglochin Wahlenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW False Uncinia Sedge 

Carex micropoda C.A. Mey. FACW FAC FACU FACU Pyrenean Sedge 

Carex microptera Mackenzie FAC FAC FAC FACU Small-Wing Sedge 

Carex mitchelliana M.A. Curtis FACW OBL OBL Mitchell's Sedge 

Carex molesta Mackenzie ex Bright FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW Troublesome Sedge 

Carex montis-eeka Hbd. OBL Molokai Sedge 

Carex muricata L. FAC FAC FAC Muricate Sedge 

Carex muskingumensis Schwein. OBL OBL OBL OBL Muskingum Sedge



Carex nardina Fries FACU FACU FACU FACU Nard Sedge 

Carex nebrascensis Dewey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Nebraska Sedge 

Carex nelsonii Mackenzie FAC FAC FAC Nelson's Sedge 

Carex nervina Bailey FACW OBL Sierran Sedge 

Carex neurophora Mackenzie FACW FACW FACW Alpine Nerve Sedge 

Carex nigra (L.) Reichard FACW FACW Smooth Black Sedge 

Carex nigricans C.A. Mey. FACW FACW FACW FACW Black Alpine Sedge 

Carex nigromarginata Schwein. FACU UPL UPL UPL Black-Edge Sedge 

Carex normalis Mackenzie FACW FACU OBL FACW FACW Greater Straw Sedge 

Carex nova Bailey FAC FACW FAC New Sedge 

Carex novae-angliae Schwein. FACU FACU New England Sedge 

Carex nudata W. Boott FACW OBL Torrent Sedge 

Carex obispoensis Stacey FACW San Luis Obispo Sedge 

Carex obnupta Bailey OBL OBL Slough Sedge 

Carex oklahomensis Mackenzie OBL OBL FACW OBL Oklahoma Sedge 

Carex oligosperma Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL Few-Seed Sedge 

Carex opaca (F.J. Herm.) P. Rothr. & Reznicek FACW FACW FACW FACW 

Carex oxylepis Torr. & Hook. FACW FACW OBL FACW Sharp-Scale Sedge 

Carex ozarkana P. Rothr. & Reznicek OBL OBL OBL Ozark Sedge 

Carex pachystachya Cham. ex Steud. FAC FAC FAC FAC Thick-Head Sedge 

Carex paleacea Schreb. ex Wahlenb. OBL Chaffy Sedge 

Carex pallescens L. FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC FAC Pale Sedge 

Carex pansa Bailey FACU FAC Sand-Dune Sedge 

Carex parryana Dewey FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Parry's Sedge 

Carex pauciflora Lightf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Few-Flower Sedge 

Carex paysonis Clokey FACU FACU FACU FACU Payson's Sedge 

Carex pedunculata Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL FACU OBL Long-Stalk Sedge 

Carex pellita Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Woolly Sedge 

Carex pelocarpa F.J. Herm. FAC FACU FAC Dusky-Seed Sedge 

Carex pendula Huds. FACW FAC FAC Pendulous Sedge 

Carex petasata Dewey UPL FAC UPL UPL Liddon Sedge 

Carex phaeocephala Piper FAC FACU FACU UPL Mountain Hare Sedge 

Carex pigra Naczi FACW FACW Tar-Heel Sedge 

Carex pluriflora Hultén OBL OBL Several-Flower Sedge 

Carex podocarpa R. Br. FAC FAC FAC FAC Short-Stalk Sedge 

Carex polymorpha Muhl. FACU FACU FACU Variable Sedge



Carex praeceptorum Mackenzie OBL OBL OBL Teacher's Sedge 

Carex praegracilis W. Boott FACW FACW UPL FACW FACW FACW FACW Clustered Field Sedge 

Carex prairea Dewey ex Wood FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL Prairie Sedge 

Carex prasina Wahlenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL Drooping Sedge 

Carex praticola Rydb. FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FACW Northern Meadow Sedge 

Carex preslii Steud. FACU FACU FACU FACU Presl's Sedge 

Carex projecta Mackenzie FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Necklace Sedge 

Carex pseudocyperus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Cypress-Like Sedge 

Carex pumila Thunb. FACU FACU Dwarf Sedge 

Carex radiata (Wahlenb.) Small FAC FAC Eastern Star Sedge 

Carex ramenskii Komarov OBL Ramensk's Sedge 

Carex rariflora (Wahlenb.) Sm. OBL OBL Loose-Flower Alpine Sedge 

Carex raynoldsii Dewey FACU FACU FACU Raynolds' Sedge 

Carex recta Boott OBL Estuary Sedge 

Carex reniformis (Bailey) Small FACW FACW OBL Kidney-Shape Sedge 

Carex retroflexa Muhl. ex Willd. FACU Reflexed Sedge 

Carex retrorsa Schwein. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Retrorse Sedge 

Carex richardsonii R. Br. UPL UPL FAC UPL UPL FAC Richardson's Sedge 

Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. FACU Rosy Sedge 

Carex rostrata Stokes OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swollen Beaked Sedge 

Carex rotundata Wahlenb. OBL Pumpkin-Fruit Sedge 

Carex rupestris All. FACU FACU FACU FACU Curly Sedge 

Carex saliniformis Mackenzie FACW FACW Santa Cruz Sedge 

Carex sartwelliana Olney OBL OBL Yosemite Sedge 

Carex sartwellii Dewey FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL Sartwell's Sedge 

Carex saxatilis L. FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL Russet Sedge 

Carex scabrata Schwein. OBL OBL OBL OBL Eastern Rough Sedge 

Carex scabriuscula Mackenzie FACW FACW Cascade Sedge 

Carex schottii Dewey OBL OBL Schott's Sedge 

Carex schweinitzii Dewey ex Schwein. OBL OBL OBL Schweinitz's Sedge 

Carex scirpoidea Michx. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Canadian Single-Spike Sedge 

Carex scoparia Schkuhr ex Willd. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Pointed Broom Sedge 

Carex scopulorum Holm FACW FACW OBL Holm's Rocky Mountain Sedge 

Carex senta Boott OBL OBL Western Rough Sedge 

Carex seorsa Howe FACW FACW FACW FACW Weak Stellate Sedge 

Carex serratodens W. Boott FACW FACW Saw-Tooth Sedge



Carex sheldonii Mackenzie OBL OBL Sheldon's Sedge 

Carex shortiana Dewey FACW FAC FACW FACW Short's Sedge 

Carex siccata Dewey UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU Dry-Spike Sedge 

Carex simulata Mackenzie OBL OBL OBL Analogue Sedge 

Carex sparganioides Muhl. ex Willd. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Burr-Reed Sedge 

Carex spectabilis Dewey FACW FACW FACW FACW Northwestern Showy Sedge 

Carex specuicola J.T. Howell OBL OBL Navajo Sedge 

Carex spicata Huds. FAC FAC FACU FACU Prickly Sedge 

Carex spissa Bailey FAC FAC San Diego Sedge 

Carex sprengelii Dewey ex Spreng. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Long-Beak Sedge 

Carex squarrosa L. FACW FACW OBL OBL Squarrose Sedge 

Carex sterilis Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dioecious Sedge 

Carex stevenii (Holm) Kalela FAC FAC FAC Steven's Sedge 

Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Stalk-Grain Sedge 

Carex straminea Willd. ex Schkuhr OBL OBL OBL OBL Eastern Straw Sedge 

Carex striata Michx. OBL OBL OBL Walter's Sedge 

Carex stricta Lam. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Uptight Sedge 

Carex styloflexa Buckl. FACW FACW OBL FAC FAC Bent Sedge 

Carex stylosa C.A. Mey. FACW OBL Long-Style Sedge 

Carex subbracteata Mackenzie FACW FACW Small-Bract Sedge 

Carex suberecta (Olney) Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Prairie Straw Sedge 

Carex subfusca W. Boott FAC FACU FAC FAC Rusty Sedge 

Carex subnigricans Stacey FAC FAC Dark Mountain Sedge 

Carex subspathacea Wormsk. ex Hornem. OBL Hoppner's Sedge 

Carex superata Naczi, Reznicek, and B.A. Ford FAC FAC Limestone-Forest Sedge 

Carex swanii (Fern.) Mackenzie UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU Swan's Sedge 

Carex sychnocephala Carey FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Many-Head Sedge 

Carex sylvatica Huds. FACU FACU European Woodland Sedge 

Carex tenera Dewey FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW Quill Sedge 

Carex tenuiflora Wahlenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sparse-Flower Sedge 

Carex tetanica Schkuhr FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Rigid Sedge 

Carex tetrastachya Scheele FACW FACW FACW Britton's Sedge 

Carex thunbergii Steud. OBL Maui Sedge 

Carex thurberi Dewey FAC FAC Thurber's Sedge 

Carex tiogana 

D. Taylor & J. Mastrogiuseppe, sp. 

nov. ined. 

FACW 

FACW Mono Sedge



Carex torreyi Tuckerman FAC UPL FACU FACU FAC Torrey's Sedge 

Carex torta Boott ex Tuckerman OBL FACW OBL OBL Twisted Sedge 

Carex triangularis Boeckl. FACW FACW OBL OBL Eastern Fox Sedge 

Carex tribuloides Wahlenb. FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW Blunt Broom Sedge 

Carex trichocarpa Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hairy-Fruit Sedge 

Carex trisperma Dewey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Three-Seed Sedge 

Carex tuckermanii Dewey OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tuckerman's Sedge 

Carex tumulicola Mackenzie FACU FACU Foothill Sedge 

Carex turbinata Liebm. FACU FACU Turban Sedge 

Carex turgescens Torr. OBL OBL Pine-Barren Sedge 

Carex typhina Michx. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Cat-Tail Sedge 

Carex unilateralis Mackenzie FACW FACW One-Sided Sedge 

Carex ursina Dewey FACW Bear Sedge 

Carex utriculata Boott OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northwest Territory Sedge 

Carex vaginata Tausch OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sheathed Sedge 

Carex vallicola Dewey FAC FAC FAC Valley Sedge 

Carex venusta Dewey FACW OBL OBL Dark-Green Sedge 

Carex vernacula Bailey FAC FAC FAC Native Sedge 

Carex verrucosa Muhl. OBL OBL OBL Warty Sedge 

Carex vesicaria L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lesser Bladder Sedge 

Carex vexans F.J. Herm. FACW Florida Hammock Sedge 

Carex viridula Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Little Green Sedge 

Carex vulpinoidea Michx. FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL Common Fox Sedge 

Carex wahuensis C.A. Mey. FACU Oahu Sedge 

Carex wiegandii Mackenzie OBL OBL Wiegand's Sedge 

Carex willdenowii Schkuhr ex Willd. FACW UPL FACU UPL Willdenow's Sedge 

Carex williamsii Britt. FAC Williams' Sedge 

Carex woodii Dewey UPL UPL FAC FACU Pretty Sedge 

Carex X aestivaliformis Mackenzie FAC FAC FAC 

Carex X physocarpoides Lepage OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Carex X stenolepis Less. FAC 

Carex X subimpressa Clokey (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL 

Carica papaya L. UPL UPL FAC Papaya 

Carmona retusa (Vahl) Masamune UPL FACU Scorpion-Bush 

Carphephorus carnosus (Small) C.W. James FACW Pineland Chaffhead 

Carphephorus corymbosus (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray FACU Coastal-Plain Chaffhead



Carphephorus odoratissimus (Walter ex J.F. Gmel.) Herbert FACW FACW Carolina-Vanilla 

Carphephorus paniculatus (J.F. Gmel.) Herbert FACW FACW Hairy Chaffhead 

Carphephorus pseudoliatris Cass. OBL Bristle-Leaf Chaffhead 

Carphephorus tomentosus (Michx.) Torr. & Gray FACW FACW Woolly Chaffhead 

Carpinus caroliniana Walt. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC American Hornbeam 

Carpobrotus chilensis (Molina) N.E. Br. FACU FAC Baby Sun-Rose 

Cartrema americana (L.) Raf. FAC FAC Devilwood 

Carum carvi L. FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU Caraway 

Carya aquatica (Michx. f.) Nutt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Hickory 

Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Bitter-Nut Hickory 

Carya glabra (P. Mill.) Sweet FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Pignut Hickory 

Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch FACU FAC FACU FAC FACW FACW FAC Pecan 

Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Shell-Bark Hickory 

Carya myristiciformis (Michx. f.) Nutt. FACW FACW FACW FACW Nutmeg Hickory 

Carya ovalis (Wangenh.) Sarg. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Red Hickory 

Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Shag-Bark Hickory 

Carya X lecontei Little OBL OBL 

Casasia clusiifolia (Jacq.) Urban FAC Seven-Year-Apple 

Cascadia nuttallii (Small) A.M. Johnston OBL 

Casearia arborea (L.C. Rich.) Urban FAC Gia-Verde 

Casearia decandra Jacq. FAC Wild Honeytree 

Casearia guianensis (Aubl.) Urban FAC Guyanese Wild Coffee 

Casearia sylvestris Sw. FAC Crackopen 

Cassiope mertensiana (Bong.) G. Don UPL FACU FACU FACU Western Moss-Heather 

Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don FACU FACU FACU FACU White Arctic Mountain-Heather 

Cassipourea guianensis Aubl. FACU Goatwood 

Cassytha filiformis L. FAC UPL FACU Devil's-Gut 

Castilleja ambigua Hook. & Arn. FACW FACW Johnnynip 

Castilleja arvensis Cham. & Schlecht. FACU Field Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja campestris (Benth.) Chuang & Heckard FACW FACW Vernal-Pool Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja chrymactis Pennell FAC Panhandle Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC Scarlet Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja indivisa Engelm. FAC FAC FAC FAC Entire-Leaf Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja lemmonii Gray FACW FACW Lemmon's Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja lineata Greene FACW FACW FACW Marsh-Meadow Indian- 

Paintbrush



Castilleja miniata Dougl. ex Hook. FAC FACW FAC FACW Great Red Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja minor (Gray) Gray OBL OBL OBL Alkali Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja mogollonica Pennell FACW FACW Mogollon Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja occidentalis Torr. FAC FAC FAC Pale-Yellow Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja pallida (L.) Spreng. FAC Port Clarence Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja parviflora Bong. FACW FAC FAC Small-Flower Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja raupii Pennell FAC Raup's Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja rhexiifolia Rydb. FAC FAC FAC Rosy Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja salsuginosa N. Holmgren FAC Monte Neva Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja septentrionalis Lindl. FACU FAC FACU FACW Labrador Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja suksdorfii Gray FACW FACW Suksdorf's Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja tenuis (Heller) Chuang & Heckard FAC FAC FACU Hairy Indian-Paintbrush 

Castilleja unalaschcensis (Cham. & Schlecht.) Malte FAC Alaska Indian-Paintbrush 

Casuarina cunninghamiana Miq. FAC UPL UPL River She-Oak 

Casuarina equisetifolia L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Beach She-Oak 

Casuarina glauca Sieb. ex Spreng. FAC FACU Gray She-Oak 

Catabrosa aquatica (L.) Beauv. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Whorl Grass 

Catalpa bignonioides Walt. UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Southern Catalpa 

Catalpa speciosa Warder ex Engelm. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Northern Catalpa 

Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Madagascar-Periwinkle 

Cayaponia americana (Lam.) Cogn. FAC FACU American Melonleaf 

Cayaponia quinqueloba (Raf.) Shinners FAC FAC Five-Lobe-Cucumber 

Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin FAC Three-Leaf Bushkiller 

Cecropia schreberiana Miq. FAC Pumpwood 

Cedrela odorata L. UPL FACU Spanish-Cedar 

Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. FACU FACU UPL UPL Asian Bittersweet 

Celastrus scandens L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU American Bittersweet 

Celosia argentea L. FAC UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL Silver Cock's-Comb 

Celtis laevigata Willd. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW Sugar-Berry 

Celtis occidentalis L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU Common Hackberry 

Celtis reticulata Torr. UPL FAC UPL UPL UPL FACU Net-Leaf Hackberry 

Cenchrus americanus (L.) O. Morrone FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Pearl-Millet 

Cenchrus brownii Roemer & J.A. Schultes FACU UPL FACU Slim-Bristle Sandburr 

Cenchrus ciliaris L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Buffel Grass 

Cenchrus clandestinus (Hochst. ex Chiov.) O. Morrone FACU UPL FACU FACU Kikuyu Grass 

Cenchrus echinatus L. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL Southern Sandburr



Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fern. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Innocent-Weed 

Cenchrus myosuroides Kunth FAC FACU UPL FACU Big Sandburr 

Cenchrus polystachios (L.) O. Morrone FAC FAC UPL FACU Mission Grass 

Cenchrus purpureus (Schumacher) O. Morrone FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Elephant Grass 

Cenchrus tribuloides L. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Sand-Dune Sandburr 

Centaurea cyanus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Garden Cornflower 

Centaurea jacea L. FACU Brown-Ray Knapweed 

Centaurium erythraea Rafn FAC FAC FAC UPL FACU FAC FAC European Centaury 

Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Hayek ex Hand.-Maz. et al. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU Branched Centaury 

Centaurium tenuiflorum (Hoffmannsegg & Link) Fritsch FACW FACW FACW FACW Slender Centaury 

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban FAC Asiatic Spadeleaf 

Centella erecta (L. f.) Fern. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Stiff Spadeleaf 

Centratherum punctatum Cass. FACU FACU FACU Larkdaisy 

Centromadia fitchii (Gray) Greene FACU FACU Fitch's False Tarplant 

Centromadia parryi (Greene) Greene FACW FAC Parry's False Tarplant 

Centromadia pungens (Hook. & Arn.) Greene FAC UPL Pungent False Tarplant 

Centrosema pubescens Benth. UPL FAC Mexican Butterfly-Pea 

Cephalanthus occidentalis L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Buttonbush 

Cephalanthus salicifolius Humb. & Bonpl. OBL OBL Mexican Buttonbush 

Cerastium arvense L. FACU FAC FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Field Mouse-Ear Chickweed 

Cerastium axillare Correll FACU FAC FACU Trans-Pecos Mouse-Ear 

Chickweed 

Cerastium beeringianum Cham. & Schlecht. FAC FACU FAC FACU Bering Sea Mouse-Ear 

Chickweed 

Cerastium brachypodum (Engelm. ex Gray) B.L. Robins. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Short-Stalk Mouse-Ear 

Chickweed 

Cerastium fischerianum Ser. FACW Fischer's Mouse-Ear Chickweed 

Cerastium fontanum Baumg. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Mouse-Ear Chickweed 

Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Sticky Mouse-Ear Chickweed 

Cerastium nutans Raf. FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU Nodding Mouse-Ear Chickweed 

Cerastium regelii Ostenf. FACW Regel's Mouse-Ear Chickweed 

Ceratophyllum demersum L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Coon's-Tail 

Ceratophyllum echinatum Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Spineless Hornwort 

Ceratophyllum muricatum Cham. OBL OBL Prickly Hornwort 

Ceratopteris gaudichaudii Brongn. FACW* 

Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron. OBL Floating Antler Fern



Ceratopteris richardii Brongn. OBL OBL OBL Triangle Water Fern 

Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Watersprite 

Cerbera dilatata Markgr. FAC* 

Cercis canadensis L. UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Redbud 

Cestrum diurnum L. UPL UPL UPL FACU Day Flowering-Jassamine 

Cestrum laurifolium L'Hér. FACU Galan-Del-Monte 

Cestrum nocturnum L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Night Flowering-Jassamine 

Chaerophyllum procumbens (L.) Crantz FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC Spreading Chervil 

Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. FAC FAC FACW FAC FACU FACU UPL Hairy-Fruit Chervil 

Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene FACU Two-Leaf Sensitive-Pea 

Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Sleepingplant 

Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Partridge-Pea 

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murr.) Parl. FACU FACU FACU Port Orford-Cedar 

Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL Atlantic White-Cedar 

Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Leatherleaf 

Chamaelirium luteum (L.) Gray FACU FAC FACU FACU Fairywand 

Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Narrow-Leaf Fireweed 

Chamaenerion latifolium (L.) Sweet FAC FACW FACW Broad-Leaf Fireweed 

Chamissoa altissima (Jacq.) Kunth FACU False Chaff-Flower 

Chaptalia tomentosa Vent. FACW FACW Woolly Sunbonnets 

Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates FAC FAC FACU FACU FACW FACW Indian Wood-Oats 

Chasmanthium laxum (L.) Yates FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Slender Wood-Oats 

Chasmanthium nitidum (Baldw.) Yates FACW Shiny Wood-Oats 

Chasmanthium ornithorhynchum (Steud.) Yates FACW Bird-Bill Wood-Oats 

Chasmanthium sessiliflorum (Poir.) Yates FAC FAC FAC FAC Long-Leaf Wood-Oats 

Cheilocostus speciosus (Koenig) C.D. Specht FAC FAC Cane-Reed 

Cheirodendron dominii Krajina FACW Domin's-Club 

Cheirodendron fauriei Hochr. FAC Faurie's-Club 

Cheirodendron forbesii (Sherff) Lowry FAC Olapa 

Cheirodendron platyphyllum (Hook. & Arn.) Seem. FAC Lapalapa 

Cheirodendron trigynum (Gaud.) Heller FAC Olapalapa 

Chelidonium majus L. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU Greater Celandine 

Chelone cuthbertii Small OBL OBL Cuthbert's Turtlehead 

Chelone glabra L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL White Turtlehead 

Chelone lyonii Pursh FACW FACW FACW FACW Pink Turtlehead 

Chelone obliqua L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Red Turtlehead



Chenopodium album L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Lamb's-Quarters 

Chenopodium chenopodioides (L.) Aellen FACW FACW FACW FAC Low Goosefoot 

Chenopodium foliosum (Moench) Aschers. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Leafy Goosefoot 

Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Fremont's Goosefoot 

Chenopodium glaucum L. FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Oak-Leaf Goosefoot 

Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. ex S. Wats. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Narrow-Leaf Goosefoot 

Chenopodium macrospermum Hook. f. FACW FACW FACW Large-Seed Goosefoot 

Chenopodium murale L. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Nettle-Leaf Goosefoot 

Chenopodium rubrum L. FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Red Goosefoot 

Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet FACU FACU FACU FAC Desert-Willow 

Chiococca alba (L.) A.S. Hitchc. FAC UPL FACU West Indian Milkberry 

Chionanthus virginicus L. FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC White Fringetree 

Chionophila jamesii Benth. FACU FACU FACU Rocky Mountain Snowlover 

Chloracantha spinosa (Benth.) Nesom FACW FAC FACW FAC Mexican-Devilweed 

Chloris barbata Sw. FACU FACU FACU FACU Swollen Windmill Grass 

Chloris ciliata Sw. UPL FACU UPL UPL Fringed Windmill Grass 

Chloris gayana Kunth FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Rhodes Grass 

Chloris radiata (L.) Sw. UPL FACU FACU UPL Plush Grass 

Chloris virgata Sw. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Feather Windmill Grass 

Chloropyron maritimum (Benth.) Heller OBL OBL Saltmarsh Salt-Bird's-Beak 

Chloropyron molle (Gray) Heller OBL OBL Soft Salt-Bird's-Beak 

Chloropyron palmatum (Ferris) Tank & J.M. Egger OBL OBL Palm-Bract Salt-Bird's-Beak 

Chloropyron tecopense (Munz & Roos) Tank & J.M. Egger FACW FACW Tecopa Salt-Bird's-Beak 

Christella boydiae (D.C. Eat.) Holttum FAC Boyd's Waterfall Fern 

Christella cyatheoides (Kaulfuss) Holttum FACU Kikawaio 

Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy FACW UPL FAC FAC FAC Pai'i'iho 

Christella hispidula (Dcne.) Holttum FACW FAC FACU FAC Rough-Hairy Waterfall Fern 

Christella parasitica (L.) Levl. FAC Parasitic Waterfall Fern 

Christella X incesta 

(W.H. Wagner) Nakaike & 

Kawabata 

FACU 

Christella X palmeri 

(W.H. Wagner) Kartesz comb. nov. 

ined. 

Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & H.E. Robins. FAC FACU FAC FACU* Jack-in-the-Bush 

Chrysobalanus icaco L. FACW FAC Icaco Coco-Plum 

Chrysoma pauciflosculosa (Michx.) Greene FAC FAC Woody-Goldenrod 

Chrysophyllum argenteum Jacq. FACW Bastard-Redwood 

FACU



Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. FAC Golden False Beard Grass 

Chrysopogon pauciflorus (Chapman) Benth. ex Vasey FACU Florida False Beard Grass 

Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty FACW FAC FACW Khus-Khus 

Chrysopsis gossypina (Michx.) Ell. UPL FACU Cottony Golden-Aster 

Chrysopsis mariana (L.) Ell. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Maryland Golden-Aster 

Chrysosplenium americanum Schwein. ex Hook. OBL OBL OBL OBL American Golden-Saxifrage 

Chrysosplenium glechomifolium Nutt. OBL OBL Pacific Golden-Saxifrage 

Chrysosplenium iowense Rydb. OBL Alternate-Leaf Golden-Saxifrage 

Chrysosplenium tetrandrum (Lund ex Malmgr.) Th. Fries OBL OBL OBL Northern Golden-Saxifrage 

Chrysosplenium wrightii Franch. & Savigny FAC Wright's Golden-Saxifrage 

Chusquea abietifolia Griseb. FAC Climbing Bamboo 

Cibotium chamissoi Kaulfuss FAC Hapu'u 

Cibotium glaucum (Sm.) Hook. & Arn. FAC Hapu'u pulu 

Cibotium menziesii Hook. FACU Hapu'u'ii 

Cibotium nealiae O. Deg. FACU Neal's Man Fern 

Cibotium X heleniae D.D. Palmer FACU 

Cicendia quadrangularis (Lam.) Griseb. FAC FACW Oregon Timwort 

Cichorium intybus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Chicory 

Cicuta bulbifera L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bulblet-Bearing Water-Hemlock 

Cicuta douglasii (DC.) Coult. & Rose OBL OBL OBL OBL Western Water-Hemlock 

Cicuta maculata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Spotted Water-Hemlock 

Cicuta virosa L. OBL Mackenzie's Water-Hemlock 

Cinna arundinacea L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Sweet Wood-Reed 

Cinna bolanderi Scribn. FACW FACW Bolander's Wood-Reed 

Cinna latifolia (Trev. ex Goepp.) Griseb. FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Slender Wood-Reed 

Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Camphortree 

Cinnamomum elongatum (Vahl ex Nees) Kosterm. FACU Laurel-Avispillo 

Circaea alpina L. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Small Enchanter's-Nightshade 

Circaea canadensis (L.) Hill FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Broad-Leaf Enchanter's- 

Nightshade 

Cirsium andrewsii (Gray) Jepson FAC FAC Franciscan Thistle 

Cirsium arizonicum (Gray) Petrak FACU FAC FAC Arizona Thistle 

Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Canadian Thistle 

Cirsium crassicaule (Greene) Jepson OBL OBL Slough Thistle 

Cirsium discolor (Muhl. ex Willd.) Spreng. UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Field Thistle 

Cirsium douglasii DC. OBL OBL Douglas' Thistle



Cirsium drummondii Torr. & Gray FAC FAC Dwarf Thistle 

Cirsium edule Nutt. FAC FAC FAC Edible Thistle 

Cirsium flodmanii (Rydb.) Arthur FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC Flodman's Thistle 

Cirsium foliosum (Hook.) DC. FACU FAC FACU FAC Elk Thistle 

Cirsium fontinale (Greene) Jepson OBL OBL Fountain Thistle 

Cirsium horridulum Michx. FAC FACU FAC FACU Yellow Thistle 

Cirsium hydrophilum (Greene) Jepson OBL Suisun Thistle 

Cirsium lecontei Torr. & Gray FACW Le Conte's Thistle 

Cirsium mohavense (Greene) Petrak FACU FACU Mojave Thistle 

Cirsium muticum Michx. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL Swamp Thistle 

Cirsium nuttallii DC. FAC FAC Nuttall's Thistle 

Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop. FACW Marsh Thistle 

Cirsium parryi (Gray) Petrak FACW FACW FACW Parry's Thistle 

Cirsium scariosum Nutt. FAC FAC FAC Meadow Thistle 

Cirsium tracyi (Rydb.) Petrak FACU FACU FACU Tracy's Thistle 

Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Wavy-Leaf Thistle 

Cirsium vinaceum (Woot. & Standl.) Woot. & Standl. OBL OBL OBL Sacramento Mountain Thistle 

Cirsium virginianum (L.) Michx. FACW FACW Virginia Thistle 

Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Bull Thistle 

Cirsium wrightii Gray OBL Wright's Thistle 

Cissus erosa L.C. Rich. FACU Caro-de-Tres-Hojas 

Cissus quadrangularis L. FACU Winged Treebine 

Cissus trifoliata (L.) L. UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU FAC UPL Sorrelvine 

Cissus verticillata (L.) D.H. Nicols. & Jarvis FAC FAC Seasonvine 

Cistanthe ambigua (S. Wats.) Hershkovitz FAC FAC Desert Pussypaws 

Citharexylum caudatum L. FACW UPL Juniper-Berry 

Citharexylum spinosum L. FACU UPL FAC Spiny Fiddlewood 

Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsumura & Nakai UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Watermelon 

Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle (pro sp.) FACU UPL FACU* 

Citrus hystrix DC. FACU* 

Citrus macroptera Montrouz. FACU* 

Citrus medica L. FAC UPL UPL* Citron 

Citrus reticulata Blanco UPL UPL FACU* Tangerine 

Citrus X aurantium L. (pro sp.) FACU UPL FACU FACU* 

Citrus X limon (L.) Burm. f. (pro sp.) UPL UPL FACU* 

Citrus X sinensis (L.) Osbeck (pro sp.) UPL UPL FACU*



Cladium californicum (S. Wats.) O'Neill OBL OBL OBL California Saw-Grass 

Cladium mariscoides (Muhl.) Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Smooth Saw-Grass 

Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp Saw-Grass 

Clappia suaedifolia Gray FACW FACW Fleshy Clapdaisy 

Claytonia acutifolia Pallas ex Willd. FACU Grass-Leaf Springbeauty 

Claytonia arctica M.F. Adams FAC Arctic Springbeauty 

Claytonia caroliniana Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU Carolina Springbeauty 

Claytonia cordifolia S. Wats. FAC FAC Heart-Leaf Springbeauty 

Claytonia gypsophiloides Fisch. & C.A. Mey. FACU FACW Gypsum Springbeauty 

Claytonia lanceolata Pall. ex Pursh FAC FACW FAC Lance-Leaf Springbeauty 

Claytonia megarhiza (Gray) Parry ex S. Wats. FACU FACU FACU Alpine Springbeauty 

Claytonia multiscapa Rydb. FAC FAC FAC Many-Stem Springbeauty 

Claytonia nevadensis S. Wats. FAC FAC Sierran Springbeauty 

Claytonia palustris Swanson & Kelley FACW FACW Jonesville Springbeauty 

Claytonia parviflora Dougl. ex Hook. FACU FACU Streambank Springbeauty 

Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. FACW FAC FACW FACU FAC Miner's-Lettuce 

Claytonia sarmentosa C.A. Mey. FAC Alaska Springbeauty 

Claytonia sibirica L. FACW FAC FACW FAC Siberian Springbeauty 

Claytonia tuberosa Pallas ex Willd. FACW Tuberous Springbeauty 

Claytonia virginica L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Virginia Springbeauty 

Claytonia washingtoniana (Suksdorf) Suksdorf FACU FACU Washington Springbeauty 

Cleistesiopsis divaricata (L.) Pansarin & F. Barros FAC FAC Rosebud Orchid 

Clematis addisonii Britt. FACU Addison's Leather-Flower 

Clematis baldwinii Torr. & Gray FACW Pine-Hyacinth 

Clematis catesbyana Pursh FAC FAC FAC Satincurls 

Clematis crispa L. FACW FACW FAC OBL Swamp Leather-Flower 

Clematis glaucophylla Small FAC FAC White-Leaf Leather-Flower 

Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. FACW FAC FACW FACU FACU FAC Deciduous Traveler's-Joy 

Clematis pitcheri Torr. & Gray FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Bluebill 

Clematis terniflora DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL Sweet Autumn Virgin's-Bower 

Clematis virginiana L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Devil's-Darning-Needles 

Clematis vitalba L. FAC Evergreen Traveler's-Joy 

Cleomella angustifolia Torr. FAC FAC FAC Northern Stinkweed 

Cleomella brevipes S. Wats. FACW FACU Short-Stalk Stinkweed 

Cleomella longipes Torr. FACU FAC FACU Chiricahua Mountain Stinkweed 

Cleomella parviflora Gray FACW FACW Small-Flower Stinkweed



Cleomella plocasperma S. Wats. FACW FACW Alkali Stinkweed 

Clermontia arborescens (Mann) Hbd. FAC Oha Wai Nui 

Clermontia calophylla F. Wimmer FAC Lava Clermontia 

Clermontia clermontioides (Gaud.) Heller FACU Kauai Clermontia 

Clermontia drepanomorpha Rock FACW Kohala Mountain Clermontia 

Clermontia fauriei Levl. FAC Haha'aiakamanu 

Clermontia grandiflora Gaud. FACW Bog Clermontia 

Clermontia hawaiiensis (Hbd.) Rock FACU Oha Kepau 

Clermontia kakeana Meyen FAC Forest Clermontia 

Clermontia kohalae Rock FAC Waipio Valley Clermontia 

Clermontia micrantha (Hbd.) Rock FACW Maui Clermontia 

Clermontia oblongifolia Gaud. FAC Oahu Clermontia 

Clermontia pallida Hbd. FAC Wailai Pali Clermontia 

Clermontia parviflora Gaud. ex Gray FACU Small-Flower Clermontia 

Clermontia persicifolia Gaud. FACU Waioiani Clermontia 

Clermontia samuelii Forbes FAC Hana Clermontia 

Clermontia tuberculata Forbes FAC Haleakala Clermontia 

Clermontia waimeae Rock FAC Swamp-Forest Clermontia 

Clermontia X leptoclada Rock (pro sp.) FAC 

Clerodendrum aculeatum (L.) Schlecht. FACW Haggarbush 

Clerodendrum chinense (Osb.) Mabberley UPL UPL FAC Stickbush 

Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. FACU FACW Embrert 

Clethra alnifolia L. FACW FAC FACW FAC Coastal Sweet-Pepperbush 

Clibadium erosum (Sw.) DC. FACW Jackass-Breadnut 

Clidemia cymosa (Wendl. ex Spreng.) Alain FACW Camasey Tercipelo 

Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don FACW FACU Soapbush 

Clidemia strigillosa (Sw.) DC. FACW Strigose Tercipelo 

Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britt. ex Sarg. OBL OBL Buckwheat-Tree 

Clinopodium arkansanum (Nutt.) House FACW FAC FACU FAC FACW FACW FAC Limestone Wild Basil 

Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze OBL OBL Browne's Wild Basil 

Clinopodium douglasii (Benth.) Kuntze FACU Oregon-Tea 

Clintonia borealis (Ait.) Raf. FAC FAC FAC FAC Yellow Bluebead-Lily 

Clitoria falcata Lam. FAC Sickle Pigeonwings 

Clitoria laurifolia Poir. FACW Laurel-Leaf Pigeonwings 

Clitoria mariana L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Atlantic Pigeonwings 

Clitoria ternatea L. FACU UPL FACU UPL Asian Pigeonwings



Clusia clusioides (Griseb.) D'Arcy FAC Cupeillo 

Clusia gundlachii Stahl FAC Grundlach's-Attorney 

Clusia minor L. FACW Cupey-de-Monte 

Clusia rosea Jacq. FAC FACU FACU Scotch-Attorney 

Cnemidaria horrida (L.) K. Presl FAC Deepwoods Fern 

Cnidium cnidiifolium (Turcz.) Schischkin FAC Jakutsk Snow-Parsley 

Coccoloba pyrifolia Desf. FAC Uvera 

Coccoloba rugosa Desf. FAC Ortegon 

Coccoloba sintenisii Urban ex Lindau FACU Uvero-de-Monte 

Coccoloba swartzii Meisn. FAC Swartz's Pigeon-Plum 

Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L. FACU FACU FACU Seaside-Grape 

Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC Carolina Coralbead 

Cocculus orbiculatus (L.) DC. FACU Queen Coralbead 

Cochlearia groenlandica L. FACW FACW Danish Scurvy-Grass 

Cochlearia sessilifolia Rollins FACW Sessile-Leaf Scurvy-Grass 

Cocos nucifera L. UPL FACU FACU Coconut Palm 

Coeloglossum viride (L.) Hartman FAC FACW FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Long-Bract Frog Orchid 

Coelorachis cylindrica (Michx.) Nash FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Carolina Joint-Tail Grass 

Coelorachis rugosa (Nutt.) Nash OBL OBL FACW Wrinkled Joint-Tail Grass 

Coelorachis tessellata (Steud.) Nash FACW Lattice Joint-Tail Grass 

Coelorachis tuberculosa (Nash) Nash OBL Florida Joint-Tail Grass 

Coffea arabica L. UPL FACU Arabian Coffee 

Coffea liberica Bull ex Hiern. UPL FACU Liberian Coffee 

Coix lacryma-jobi L. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Job's-Tears 

Coleanthus subtilis (Tratt.) Seidel OBL OBL Moss Grass 

Coleataenia abscissa (Swallen) LeBlond FACW Cut-Throat Grass 

Coleataenia anceps (Michx.) Soreng FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW Beaked Cut-Throat Grass 

Coleataenia rigidula (Bosc ex Nees) LeBlond FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Red-Top Cut-Throat Grass 

Coleataenia stenodes (Griseb.) Soreng OBL Savannah Cut-Throat Grass 

Coleataenia tenera (Bey. ex Trin.) Soreng FACW OBL FACW FACW Southeastern Cut-Throat Grass 

Collinsia tinctoria Hartw. ex Benth. FACU FACU Tinctureplant 

Collinsia verna Nutt. FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Spring Blue-Eyed Mary 

Collinsonia canadensis L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Richweed 

Collomia linearis Nutt. UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Narrow-Leaf Mountain-Trumpet 

Collomia rawsoniana Greene FACU FACU Flaming Mountain-Trumpet 

Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL Coco-Yam



Colubrina asiatica (L.) Brongn. FACW FAC Asian Nakedwood 

Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Bastard-Toadflax 

Comarum palustre L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Purple Marshlocks 

Comastoma tenellum (Rottb.) Toyokuni FACW FACW FAC FACW Samiland-Gentian 

Commelina benghalensis L. FACU FACU UPL FACU Jio 

Commelina caroliniana Walt. FAC FAC FACU FACU Carolina Dayflower 

Commelina communis L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC Asiatic Dayflower 

Commelina diffusa Burm. f. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Climbing Dayflower 

Commelina erecta L. FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC UPL FACU White-Mouth Dayflower 

Commelina nigritana Benth. FACW African Dayflower 

Commelina rufipes Seubert FACU Cojite-Blanco 

Commelina virginica L. FACW FACU FACW FAC FACW FACW Virginia Dayflower 

Comocladia glabra (J.A. Schultes) Spreng. FAC Carrasco 

Condea americana (Poit.) Harley & J.F.B. Pastore FAC 

Coniogramme pilosa (Brack.) Hieron. FACU Loulu 

Conioselinum chinense (L.) B.S.P. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Chinese Hemlock-Parsley 

Conioselinum pacificum (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose FACW FAC FACW Pacific Hemlock-Parsley 

Conioselinum scopulorum (Gray) Coult. & Rose FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Hemlock- 

Parsley 

Conium maculatum L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Poison-Hemlock 

Conocarpus erectus L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Button Mangrove 

Conoclinium betonicifolium (P. Mill.) King & H.E. Robins. FACW FACW Betony-Leaf Mistflower 

Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Blue Mistflower 

Conoclinium dissectum Gray FACU FACW UPL Pinked Mistflower 

Conostegia rufescens Naud. FAC Rufous Snailwood 

Conradina verticillata Jennison FACW Cumberland Dixie Rosemary 

Convolvulus equitans Benth. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Texas Bindweed 

Cooperia chlorosolen Herbert FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU Evening Rain-Lily 

Coprosma elliptica W.R.B. Oliver FACW Bog Mirrorplant 

Coprosma ernodeoides Gray FACU Aiakanene 

Coprosma foliosa Gray FACU Forest Mirrorplant 

Coprosma granadensis (L. f.) Heads FACW Makole 

Coprosma kauensis (Gray) Heller FACU Koi 

Coprosma longifolia Gray FACU Oahu Mirrorplant 

Coprosma ochracea Oliver FAC Maui Mirrorplant 

Coprosma pubens Gray FAC Pubescent Mirrorplant



Coptidium lapponicum (L.) Gandog. OBL OBL OBL 

Coptidium pallasii (Schlecht.) Tzvelev OBL 

Coptis aspleniifolia Salisb. FAC FAC Fern-Leaf Goldthread 

Coptis laciniata Gray FAC FAC Oregon Goldthread 

Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Three-Leaf Goldthread 

Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf. UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Summer Coralroot 

Corallorhiza striata Lindl. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Hooded Coralroot 

Corallorhiza trifida Chatelain FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Yellow Coralroot 

Corallorhiza wisteriana Conrad UPL FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Spring Coralroot 

Corchorus aestuans L. FAC UPL FACU* Jute 

Corchorus siliquosus L. FAC FACU Slippery-Burr 

Cordia bellonis Urban FACW Serpentine Manjack 

Cordia borinquensis Urban FACW Muneco 

Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. UPL FACU Fragrant Manjack 

Cordia sebestena L. FAC UPL Large-Leaf Geigertree 

Cordia subcordata Lam. FACU Kou 

Cordia wagneriorum Howard FAC Luquillo Mountain Manjack 

Cordylanthus eremicus (Coville & Morton) Munz FACW FACW Desert Bird's-Beak 

Cordylanthus ramosus Nutt. ex Benth. FACU FACW FACW Bushy Bird's-Beak 

Cordyline fruticosa (L.) Chev. UPL FAC Tiplant 

Coreopsis falcata Boynt. FACW FACW Sickle Tickseed 

Coreopsis floridana E.B. Sm. OBL Florida Tickseed 

Coreopsis gladiata Walt. FACW FACW Coastal-Plain Tickseed 

Coreopsis integrifolia Poir. FACW Fringe-Leaf Tickseed 

Coreopsis lanceolata L. UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Lance-Leaf Tickseed 

Coreopsis leavenworthii Torr. & Gray FACW Leavenworth's Tickseed 

Coreopsis linifolia Nutt. FACW FACW Texas Tickseed 

Coreopsis nudata Nutt. OBL Georgia Tickseed 

Coreopsis pubescens Ell. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Star Tickseed 

Coreopsis rosea Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Pink Tickseed 

Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Golden Tickseed 

Coreopsis tripteris L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Tall Tickseed 

Corispermum americanum (Nutt.) Nutt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Bugseed 

Corispermum hyssopifolium L. FACU FACU FACU Hyssop-Leaf Bugseed 

Cornus alba L. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Red Osier 

Cornus alternifolia L. f. FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU Alternate-Leaf Dogwood



Cornus amomum P. Mill. FACW FACW FACW FACW Silky Dogwood 

Cornus asperifolia Michx. FACW FACW Tough-Leaf Dogwood 

Cornus canadensis L. FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Canadian Bunchberry 

Cornus drummondii C.A. Mey. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Rough-Leaf Dogwood 

Cornus florida L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Flowering Dogwood 

Cornus foemina P. Mill. FACW FACW FACW FACW Stiff Dogwood 

Cornus glabrata Benth. FACW FACW Smooth-Leaf Dogwood 

Cornus nuttallii Audubon ex Torr. & Gray FACU FACU Pacific Flowering Dogwood 

Cornus obliqua Raf. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Pale Dogwood 

Cornus racemosa Lam. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Gray Dogwood 

Cornus sessilis Torr. ex Dur. FAC FAC Black-Fruit Dogwood 

Cornus suecica L. FAC Dwarf Bog Bunchberry 

Cornutia obovata Urban FAC Nigua 

Cortaderia jubata (Lem. ex Carr.) Stapf UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU Uruguayan Pampas Grass 

Cortaderia selloana 

(J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Aschers. & 

Graebn. 

FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Selloa Pampus Grass 

Corydalis arctica Popov FAC Few-Flower Fumewort 

Corydalis caseana Gray FACW FACW FACW Sierran Fumewort 

Corydalis flavula (Raf.) DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Yellow Fumewort 

Corydalis scouleri Hook. FAC Scouler's Fumewort 

Corylus americana Marsh. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU American Hazelnut 

Corylus avellana L. FACU Common Filbert 

Corylus cornuta Marsh. FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU Beaked Hazelnut 

Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A. Johnson FACU UPL FACU Lemon-Scented Ghost-Gum 

Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. FAC FACW FACU FACW FAC FAC FACW Garden Cosmos 

Cosmos parviflorus (Jacq.) Pers. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU Southwestern Cosmos 

Costus guanaiensis Rusby FACW Cana-de-India 

Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. FACW Spiked Spiralflag 

Costus woodsonii Maas FACU Scarlet Spiral-Ginger 

Cotula australis (Sieber ex Spreng.) Hook. f. FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC Australian Water-Buttons 

Cotula coronopifolia L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Brassbuttons 

Cotula mexicana (DC.) Cabrera UPL FACU Mexican Brassbuttons 

Crambe maritima L. FAC Sea-Kale 

Cranichis muscosa Sw. UPL FACW Cypress-Knee Helmet Orchid 

Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore FAC FACU FACU Red-Flower Ragleaf 

Crassula aquatica (L.) Schoenl. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Pygmyweed



Crassula connata (Ruiz & Pavón) Berger FAC FAC OBL FAC Sand Pygmyweed 

Crassula solieri (C. Gay) Meigen OBL OBL FACU OBL Smooth-Seed Pygmyweed 

Crassula tillaea Lester-Garland FACU FAC Moss Pygmyweed 

Crataegus aestivalis (Walt.) Torr. & Gray OBL May Hawthorn 

Crataegus berberifolia Torr. & Gray FAC Barberry Hawthorn 

Crataegus brachyacantha Sarg. & Engelm. OBL OBL FACW Blueberry Hawthorn 

Crataegus crus-galli L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Cock-Spur Hawthorn 

Crataegus douglasii Lindl. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Black Hawthorn 

Crataegus erythropoda Ashe FAC FAC FACU Cerro Hawthorn 

Crataegus gaylussacia Heller UPL FAC FAC Suksdorf's Hawthorn 

Crataegus marshallii Egglest. FAC FAC FACW FACW Parsley Hawthorn 

Crataegus mollis Scheele FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Downy Hawthorn 

Crataegus monogyna Jacq. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC English Hawthorn 

Crataegus opaca Hook. & Arn. OBL OBL River-Flat Hawthorn 

Crataegus phaenopyrum (L. f.) Medik. FAC FAC FAC FAC Washington Hawthorn 

Crataegus pulcherrima Ashe FAC FAC Beautiful Hawthorn 

Crataegus rivularis Nutt. FAC FACW FACW River Hawthorn 

Crataegus saligna Greene FAC FACW Willow Hawthorn 

Crataegus spathulata Michx. FAC FAC FAC FACW Little-Hip Hawthorn 

Crataegus viridis L. FACW FACW FAC FACW OBL Green Hawthorn 

Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU Smooth Hawk's-Beard 

Crepis runcinata (James) Torr. & Gray FACU FAC FACW FACW FACU Fiddle-Leaf Hawk's-Beard 

Crescentia portoricensis Britt. FAC Higuero-de-Sierra 

Cressa nudicaulis Griseb. OBL OBL Naked-Stem Alkali-Weed 

Cressa truxillensis Kunth FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW Spreading Alkali-Weed 

Crinum americanum L. OBL Seven-Sisters 

Crinum asiaticum L. FACU UPL Poisonbulb 

Crinum zeylanicum (L.) L. FACU UPL Ceylon Swamp-Lily 

Crocosmia X crocosmiiflora (V. Lemoine) N.E. Br. FACW FACU UPL FACW FACW FACU FACW 

Croptilon divaricatum (Nutt.) Raf. UPL UPL FACU Slender Scratchdaisy 

Crossopetalum ilicifolium (Poir.) Kuntze FACW Christmas-Berry 

Crossopetalum rhacoma Crantz FACW UPL Maiden-Berry 

Crotalaria incana L. FACU FACU FACU UPL Shakeshake 

Crotalaria pallida Ait. FACU FACU FACU FAC Smooth Rattlebox 

Crotalaria retusa L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Rattleweed 

Crotalaria rotundifolia Walt. ex J.F. Gmel. FACU UPL UPL UPL Rabbitbells



Crotalaria spectabilis Roth FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU Showy Rattlebox 

Croton elliottii Chapman FACW FACW Elliott's Croton 

Croton lobatus L. UPL FACU Lobed Croton 

Croton poecilanthus Urban FACW Sabinon 

Crypsis alopecuroides (Piller & Mitterp.) Schrad. FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL Fox-Tail Prickle Grass 

Crypsis schoenoides (L.) Lam. FACU OBL FACU OBL FACU OBL FACW Swamp Prickle Grass 

Crypsis vaginiflora (Forssk.) Opiz OBL OBL African Prickle Grass 

Cryptantha crinita Greene FACU FACU Sacramento Cat's-Eye 

Cryptocoryne beckettii Thwaites ex Trimen. OBL OBL Beckett's Water-Trumpet 

Cryptocoryne walkeri Schott OBL Walker's Water-Trumpet 

Cryptogramma stelleri (Gmel.) Prantl FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Fragile Rockbrake 

Cryptostegia grandiflora (Roxb. ex R. Br.) R. Br. FACU FACW FACU Palay Rubbervine 

Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Canadian Honewort 

Ctenitis dissecta (G. Forst.) Copeland FACU* 

Ctenitis hirta (Sw.) Ching FAC Diamond-Leaf Lace Fern 

Ctenitis latifrons (Brack.) Copeland FACU Delicate Lace Fern 

Ctenitis nemorosa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Ching FAC Egg-Leaf Lace Fern 

Ctenitis subglandulosa (Hance) Ching FACU* 

Ctenitis submarginalis (Langsd. & Fisch.) Ching FACW Brown-Hair Lace Fern 

Ctenium aromaticum (Walt.) Wood FACW FACW Toothache Grass 

Ctenium floridanum (A.S. Hitchc.) A.S. Hitchc. FACW Florida Orange Grass 

Cucurbita okeechobeensis (Small) Bailey OBL Okeechobee Gourd 

Cuphea aspera Chapman FACW Tropical Waxweed 

Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr. FACW UPL FACW FACW FAC Colombian Waxweed 

Cuphea glutinosa Cham. & Schlecht. FACU FACU Sticky Waxweed 

Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth UPL FACW False Heather 

Cuphea micrantha Kunth OBL Tiny-Petal Waxweed 

Cuphea parsonsia (L.) R. Br. ex Steud. FACU Island Waxweed 

Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Blue Waxweed 

Curculigo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze UPL UPL FACU Palm-Grass 

Curculigo scorzonerifolia (Lam.) Baker FAC Gorgojo 

Curcuma longa L. UPL FACU Common Turmeric 

Cyanea aculeatiflora Rock FACU Haleakala Cyanea 

Cyanea acuminata (Gaud.) Hbd. FACU Honolulu Cyanea 

Cyanea calycina (Cham.) Lammers FACU O'ahu Cyanea 

Cyanea dolichopoda Lammers & Lorence FACU Long-Foot Cyanea



Cyanea eleeleensis (St. John) Lammers FACU Eleeleen Cyanea 

Cyanea fissa (Mann) Hbd. FAC Kauai Cyanea 

Cyanea floribunda F. Wimmer FAC Degener's Cyanea 

Cyanea habenata (St. John) Lammers FAC Stream-Bed Cyanea 

Cyanea hirtella (Mann) Hbd. FAC Rusty-Leaf Cyanea 

Cyanea horrida (Rock) O. Deg. & Hosaka FAC Prickly Cyanea 

Cyanea humboldtiana 

(Gaud.) Lammers, Givnish & 

Sytsma 

FAC 

Oahu Cyanea 

Cyanea kolekoleensis (St. John) Lammers FACU Kolekoleen Cyanea 

Cyanea koolauensis Lammers, Givnish & Sytsma FACU Palolo Valley Cyanea 

Cyanea kuhihewa Lammers FAC Limahuli Valley Cyanea 

Cyanea kunthiana (Gaud.) Hbd. FAC Kunth's Cyanea 

Cyanea lanceolata 

(Gaud.) Lammers, Givnish & 

FACU 

Lance-Leaf Cyanea 

Sytsma 

Cyanea macrostegia Hbd. FAC Purple Cyanea 

Cyanea mceldowneyi Rock FACU Mceldowney's Cyanea 

Cyanea pilosa Gray FAC Hairy Cyanea 

Cyanea purpurellifolia 

(Rock) Lammers, Givnish & 

Systma 

FAC 

Punaluu Mountain Cyanea 

Cyanea remyi Rock FAC Remy's Cyanea 

Cyanea scabra Hbd. FAC Harsh Cyanea 

Cyanea solanacea Hbd. FACU Popolo 

Cyanea solenocalyx Hbd. FACW Pua Kala 

Cyanea spathulata (Hbd.) Heller FACU Spoon-Leaf Cyanea 

Cyanea st.-johnii 

(Hosaka) Lammers, Givnish & 

Systma 

FAC 

St. John's Cyanea 

Cyanea tritomantha Gray FACU Aku 'Aku 

Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.E. Robins. FAC UPL FAC Little-Ironweed 

Cyathea andina (Karst.) Domin FACW Parrot-Feather Tree Fern 

Cyathea arborea (L.) Sm. FACU West Indian Tree Fern 

Cyathea armata (Sw.) Domin FACU Creeping Tree Fern 

Cyathea borinquena (Maxon) Domin FAC Bird-Wing Tree Fern 

Cyathea furfuracea Baker FACW Jamaican Tree Fern 

Cyathea pungens (Willd.) Domin FACW Spiny Tree Fern 

Cyathea tenera (J. Sm. ex Hook.) T. Moore FACU Helecho-Gigante 

Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume FACU Pastureweed 

Cybianthus sintenisii (Urban) G. Agostini OBL Puerto Rico Ridgerunner



Cyclachaena xanthiifolia (Nutt.) Fresen. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Carelessweed 

Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coult. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Winged-Pigweed 

Cyclopeltis semicordata (Sw.) J. Sm. FACU Limestone Fern 

Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schlechter FACW FACW Cranichis Green Ladies'-Tresses 

Cyclopogon elatus (Sw.) Schlechter UPL FAC Tall Green Ladies'-Tresses 

Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Itô FACW OBL FACW Neke 

Cyclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) Sprague ex Britt. & Wilson FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL Marsh-Parsley 

Cydista aequinoctialis (L.) Miers FACW FACW Guard Withe 

Cymophyllus fraserianus (Ker-Gawl.) Kartesz & Gandhi FAC Fraser's Sedge 

Cynanchum laeve (Michx.) Pers. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Honeyvine 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Bermuda Grass 

Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst UPL UPL UPL FACU Antelope Grass 

Cynoglossum officinale L. UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU Gypsy-Flower 

Cynometra ramiflora L. FAC* 

Cynophalla flexuosa (L.) J. Presl FACW UPL Falseteeth 

Cynosciadium digitatum DC. FACW FACW FACW FACW Finger-Dogshade 

Cynosurus cristatus L. UPL FACU UPL FACU FAC FAC FACU Crested Dog's-Tail Grass 

Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. ex Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Taper-Tip Flat Sedge 

Cyperus aggregatus (Willd.) Endl. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC Inflated-Scale Flat Sedge 

Cyperus alopecuroides Rottb. FACW Fox-Tail Flat Sedge 

Cyperus amabilis Vahl FACU Foothill Flat Sedge 

Cyperus articulatus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Jointed Flat Sedge 

Cyperus bipartitus Torr. FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW OBL Shining Flat Sedge 

Cyperus compressus L. FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW Poorland Flat Sedge 

Cyperus croceus Vahl FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC Baldwin's Flat Sedge 

Cyperus cuspidatus Kunth FACW FACW Coastal-Plain Flat Sedge 

Cyperus cyperinus (Retz.) Sur. FACU Old World Flat Sedge 

Cyperus cyperoides (L.) Kuntze FAC Pacific Island Flat Sedge 

Cyperus dentatus Torr. OBL FACW FACW OBL Toothed Flat Sedge 

Cyperus diandrus Torr. FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Umbrella Flat Sedge 

Cyperus difformis L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Variable Flat Sedge 

Cyperus digitatus Roxb. OBL OBL FACW Finger Flat Sedge 

Cyperus distans L. f. OBL OBL Mexican Flat Sedge 

Cyperus distinctus Steud. FACW Swamp Flat Sedge 

Cyperus drummondii Torr. & Gray OBL OBL Drummond's Sedge 

Cyperus echinatus (L.) Wood FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Globe Flat Sedge



Cyperus elegans L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Royal Flat Sedge 

Cyperus entrerianus Boeckl. FACW FACW FACW FACW Woodrush Flat Sedge 

Cyperus eragrostis Lam. FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Tall Flat Sedge 

Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Red-Root Flat Sedge 

Cyperus esculentus L. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Chufa 

Cyperus fendlerianus Boeckl. FAC FAC FAC Fendler's Flat Sedge 

Cyperus filicinus Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL Fern Flat Sedge 

Cyperus flavescens L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow Flat Sedge 

Cyperus flavicomus Michx. FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU White-Edge Flat Sedge 

Cyperus fuscus L. FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW Galingale 

Cyperus giganteus Vahl OBL OBL Giant Flat Sedge 

Cyperus gracilis R. Br. FAC FACU Slimjim Flat Sedge 

Cyperus granitophilus McVaugh FACW FACW Granite Flat Sedge 

Cyperus haspan L. OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW Sheathed Flat Sedge 

Cyperus hermaphroditus (Jacq.) Standl. FACU FAC FACU Hermaphrodite Flat Sedge 

Cyperus imbricatus Retz. OBL Shingle Flat Sedge 

Cyperus involucratus Rottb. OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW Alternate-Leaf Flat Sedge 

Cyperus iria L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Ricefield Flat Sedge 

Cyperus javanicus Houtt. FACW Javanese Flat Sedge 

Cyperus laevigatus L. FACW FACW FACW FAC OBL FACW Smooth Flat Sedge 

Cyperus lancastriensis Porter ex Gray FAC FAC FAC FAC Many-Flower Flat Sedge 

Cyperus lanceolatus Poir. FACW FACW Epiphytic Flat Sedge 

Cyperus lecontei Torr. ex Steud. FACW FACW Le Conte's Flat Sedge 

Cyperus ligularis L. FACW FAC Mangrove Flat Sedge 

Cyperus lupulinus (Spreng.) Marcks FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Great Plains Flat Sedge 

Cyperus meyenianus Kunth FACW Meyen's Flat Sedge 

Cyperus mutisii (Kunth) Griseb. FACU UPL FACU Mutis' Flat Sedge 

Cyperus nanus Willd. FACU Indian Flat Sedge 

Cyperus niger Ruiz & Pavón FACW FACW FACW FACW Black Flat Sedge 

Cyperus ochraceus Vahl FACW FACW FACW FACW Pond Flat Sedge 

Cyperus odoratus L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Rusty Flat Sedge 

Cyperus onerosus M.C. Johnston FACW FACW Plains Flat Sedge 

Cyperus owanii Boeckl. FAC Owan's Flat Sedge 

Cyperus oxylepis Nees ex Steud. FACW FACW Sharp-Scale Flat Sedge 

Cyperus papyrus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Papyrus Flat Sedge 

Cyperus parishii Britt. FACW FACW Parish's Flat Sedge



Cyperus phleoides (Nees ex Kunth) Hbd. FACU Molokai Flat Sedge 

Cyperus pilosus Vahl FACW FACW FACW Fuzzy Flat Sedge 

Cyperus planifolius L.C. Rich. FAC FACU Flat-Leaf Flat Sedge 

Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Many-Spike Flat Sedge 

Cyperus prolifer Lam. FACW OBL Miniature Flat Sedge 

Cyperus prolixus Kunth FAC Mosquito Flat Sedge 

Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Marsh Flat Sedge 

Cyperus pumilus L. FACW Low Flat Sedge 

Cyperus reflexus Vahl FAC FAC Bent-Awn Flat Sedge 

Cyperus refractus Engelm. ex Boeckl. FAC FACU FACU Reflexed Flat Sedge 

Cyperus retrofractus (L.) Torr. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Rough Flat Sedge 

Cyperus retrorsus Chapman FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Pine-Barren Flat Sedge 

Cyperus rockii Kükenth. FAC Kauai Flat Sedge 

Cyperus rotundus L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC Purple Flat Sedge 

Cyperus sandwicensis Kükenth. FACU Cliffs Flat Sedge 

Cyperus sanguinolentus Vahl FACW FACW Blood-Scale Flat Sedge 

Cyperus schweinitzii Torr. UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Sand Flat Sedge 

Cyperus serotinus Rottb. OBL OBL Tidal-Marsh Flat Sedge 

Cyperus seslerioides Kunth FAC FAC Texas Flat Sedge 

Cyperus setigerus Torr. & Hook. FAC FAC FAC FAC Lean Flat Sedge 

Cyperus sphacelatus Rottb. FAC FAC FAC Roadside Flat Sedge 

Cyperus squarrosus L. OBL OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Awned Flat Sedge 

Cyperus strigosus L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Straw-Color Flat Sedge 

Cyperus subtenuis (Kükenth.) M.T. Strong FACU 

Cyperus surinamensis Rottb. FACW FACW FACW FACW Tropical Flat Sedge 

Cyperus tetragonus Ell. FAC FACU FACU Four-Angle Flat Sedge 

Cyperus thyrsiflorus Jungh. FAC FAC Southern Flat Sedge 

Cyperus trachysanthos Hook. & Arn. FACW Sticky Flat Sedge 

Cyperus trinervis R. Br. FACW Australian Flat Sedge 

Cyperus unioloides R. Br. FACW OBL Uniola-Like Flat Sedge 

Cyperus virens Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Green Flat Sedge 

Cypripedium acaule Ait. FACU FACU FACW FACW FACW Pink Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. FACW FACW FACW Ram-Head Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium californicum Gray OBL OBL California Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Small White Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium fasciculatum Kellogg ex S. Wats. FACU FACU Clustered Lady's-Slipper



Cypripedium montanum Dougl. ex Lindl. FACU FACU FACU Mountain Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW Yellow Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium passerinum Richards. FAC FACW Sparrow-Egg Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium reginae Walt. FACW FACW FACW FACW Showy Lady's-Slipper 

Cypripedium X andrewsii A.M. Fuller FACW FACW FACW FACW 

Cypselea humifusa Turp. FACW FACW OBL FACW Panal 

Cyrilla racemiflora L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Little-Leaf Titi 

Cyrtandra confertiflora (Wawra) C.B. Clarke FACW Lava Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra cyaneoides Rock FACW Mapele 

Cyrtandra ferripilosa St. John FACU Red-Hair Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra filipes Hbd. FACU Gulch Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra gracilis Hbd. ex C.B. Clarke FACU Palolo Valley Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra grayana Hbd. FAC Pacific Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra grayi C.B. Clarke FAC Gray's Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra hashimotoi Rock FAC Maui Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra hawaiensis C.B. Clarke FAC Hawaii Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra heinrichii St. John FACW Heinrich's Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra kaulantha St. John & Storey FACU Waikane Valley Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra laxiflora Mann FACU Oahu Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra lessoniana Gaud. FAC Lesson's Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra longifolia (Wawra) Hbd. ex C.B. Clarke FAC Long-Leaf Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra lysiosepala (Gray) C.B. Clarke FACU Opposite-Leaf Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra macraei Gray FACU Upland Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra oenobarba Mann FACW Shaggy-Stem Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra paliku 

W.L. Wagner, K.R. Wood & D.H. 

Lorence 

FACW 

Cliffside Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra paludosa Gaud. FAC Kanawao-Ke'oke'o 

Cyrtandra platyphylla Gray FACU Ilihia 

Cyrtandra procera Hbd. FACW Bog Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra propinqua Forbes FACU Arrow-Leaf Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra sessilis St. John & Storey FACU Windy-Ridge Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra spathulata St. John FAC Spoon-Leaf Cyrtandra 

Cyrtandra viridiflora St. John & Storey FACW Green-Leaf Cyrtandra 

Cyrtorhyncha cymbalaria (Pursh) Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Alkali Buttercup 

Cyrtorhyncha ranunculina Nutt. FACU FAC FACU Tadpole Alkali Buttercup 

Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott OBL*



Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC Bulblet Bladder Fern 

Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Brittle Bladder Fern 

Cystopteris montana (Lam.) Bernh. ex Desv. FAC FAC FAC Mountain Bladder Fern 

Cystopteris protrusa (Weatherby) Blasdell FAC FAC FACW FACW FACU Lowland Bladder Fern 

Dactylis glomerata L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Orchard Grass 

Dactylorhiza aristata (Fisch. ex Lindl.) Soó FAC Keyflower 

Dalbergia brownei (Jacq.) Schinz FACW Browne's Indian-Rosewood 

Dalbergia candenatensis (Dennst.) Prain FAC* 

Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taubert FACW FACW Coinvine 

Dalbergia monetaria L. f. FAC Moneybush 

Dalea carnea (Michx.) Poir. FACW Whitetassels 

Dalea leporina (Ait.) Bullock UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Fox-Tail Prairie-Clover 

Damasonium californicum Torr. OBL OBL Fringed-Water-Plantain 

Danaea elliptica Sm. FACW Caribbean Dana Fern 

Danaea jenmanii Underwood FACW Puerto Rico Dana Fern 

Danaea nodosa (L.) Sm. FACW Nodeless Dana Fern 

Danaea urbanii Maxon OBL Forest Dana Fern 

Danthonia californica Boland. FACU FACU FACU FAC California Wild Oat Grass 

Danthonia compressa Austin FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Flattened Wild Oat Grass 

Danthonia decumbens (L.) DC. FAC FAC Common Heath Grass 

Danthonia epilis Scribn. OBL OBL Bog Wild Oat Grass 

Danthonia intermedia Vasey FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Timber Wild Oat Grass 

Danthonia sericea Nutt. FACU FACU FACU Silky Wild Oat Grass 

Daphne mezereum L. FACU Paradise-Plant 

Daphnopsis philippiana Krug & Urban FAC Emajagua-de-Sierra 

Darlingtonia californica Torr. OBL OBL Cobraplant 

Darmera peltata (Torr. ex Benth.) Voss OBL OBL Indian-Rhubarb 

Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Golden-Hardhack 

Dasistoma macrophylla (Nutt.) Raf. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Mullein-Foxglove 

Datisca glomerata (K. Presl) Baill. FACW FACW Durango-Root 

Datura wrightii Regel UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Sacred Thorn-Apple 

Daucus carota L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Queen Anne's-Lace 

Decodon verticillatus (L.) Ell. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp-Loosestrife 

Decumaria barbara L. FACW OBL OBL Woodvamp 

Deeringothamnus pulchellus Small FAC Royal False Pawpaw 

Deeringothamnus rugelii (B.L. Robins.) Small FACW Rugel's False Pawpaw



Deinandra fasciculata (DC.) Greene FACU FACU FACU Clustered Moonshine-Daisy 

Deinandra paniculata (Gray) A. Davids. & Moxley FACU San Diego Moonshine-Daisy 

Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. UPL UPL FACU Royal Poinciana 

Delosperma litorale (Kensit) L. Bolus FACU Delosperma 

Delphinium andesicola Ewan FACU FACU Chiricahua Mountain Larkspur 

Delphinium barbeyi (Huth) Huth FAC FAC FAC Subalpine Larkspur 

Delphinium californicum Torr. & Gray FACU FACU California Coast Larkspur 

Delphinium geraniifolium Rydb. FAC FAC FAC Clark Valley Larkspur 

Delphinium glaucescens Rydb. FACU FACU Electric Peak Larkspur 

Delphinium glaucum S. Wats. FACW FACW FACW FACW Tower Larkspur 

Delphinium hesperium Gray FAC FAC Foothill Larkspur 

Delphinium multiplex (Ewan) C.L. Hitchc. FAC FAC Kittitas Larkspur 

Delphinium nuttallianum Pritz. ex Walp. FAC FACU FAC Two-Lobe Larkspur 

Delphinium nuttallii Gray FACU FACU Upland Larkspur 

Delphinium polycladon Eastw. FACW FACW Mountain-Marsh Larkspur 

Delphinium recurvatum Greene FACU FACU Byron Larkspur 

Delphinium sapellonis Cockerell FAC FAC FAC Sapello Canyon Larkspur 

Delphinium scopulorum Gray FAC FAC FAC Rocky Mountain Larkspur 

Delphinium uliginosum Curran OBL OBL Swamp Larkspur 

Delphinium X burkei Greene (pro sp.) FACU FACU FACU 

Delphinium X occidentale (S. Wats.) S. Wats. (pro sp.) FACU UPL FACU 

Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth. FACU* 

Dendrolycopodium dendroideum (Michx.) A. Haines FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU Prickley Tree-Club-Moss 

Dendrolycopodium obscurum (L.) A. Haines FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Princess-Pine 

Dendropanax arboreus (L.) Dcne. & Planch. FACU Angelica-Tree 

Dendropanax laurifolius 

(E. March.) Dcne. & Planch. ex R.C. 

Schneid. 

FAC 

Palo-de-Vaca 

Dennstaedtia bipinnata (Cav.) Maxon OBL FAC Cuplet Fern 

Dennstaedtia punctilobula (Michx.) T. Moore UPL FACU UPL UPL Hay-Scented Fern 

Deparia acrostichoides (Sw.) M. Kato FAC FAC FAC FAC Silvery-Spleenwort 

Deparia cataracticola M. Kato FACW 

Deparia petersenii (Kunze) M. Kato FACW FACW FAC Petersen's-Spleenwort 

Deparia prolifera (Kaulfuss) Hook. & Grev. FAC 

Derris trifoliata Lour. FAC* 

Deschampsia brevifolia R. Br. OBL FACW FACW FACW Short-Leaf Hair Grass 

Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) Beauv. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Tufted Hair Grass



Deschampsia danthonioides (Trin.) Munro FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Annual Hair Grass 

Deschampsia elongata (Hook.) Munro FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW Slender Hair Grass 

Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. FACU Wavy Hair Grass 

Deschampsia nubigena Hbd. FAC Hawaii Alpine Hair Grass 

Descurainia incana (Bernh. ex Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Dorn UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU Mountain Tansy-Mustard 

Desmanthus illinoensis 

(Michx.) MacM. ex B.L. Robins. & 

Fern. 

FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Prairie Bundle-Flower 

Desmanthus pernambucanus (L.) Thellung FACU FACU Pigeon Bundle-Flower 

Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd. FACU FACU FACU FACU Wild Tantan 

Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC. FAC Zarzabacoa-Galana 

Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. FACW Zarzabacoa-Peluda 

Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU Showy Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC. FACU Asian Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium heterophyllum (Willd.) DC. FACU Variable-Leaf Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium incanum DC. FAC FACU FAC FACU Zarzabacoa-Comun 

Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Panicled-Leaf Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium sandwicense E. Mey. FACU Hawaii Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium scorpiurus (Sw.) Desv. FACU FAC FACU Scorpion Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium tenuifolium Torr. & Gray FACU FAC Slim-Leaf Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Dixie Tick-Trefoil 

Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. FACU FACU FAC Three-Flower Tick-Trefoil 

Diamorpha smallii Britt. ex Small FACW FACW Elf Orpine 

Dianella sandwicensis Hook. & Arn. FACU Uki'uki 

Dianthus armeria L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Deptford Pink 

Dianthus deltoides L. UPL FAC UPL UPL FACU UPL FAC Maiden Pink 

Diarrhena obovata (Gleason) Brandenburg FACU Hairy Beakgrain 

Dicentra formosa (Andrews) Walp. FACU FACU FACU Pacific Bleedinghearts 

Dichanthelium aciculare (Desv. ex Poir.) Gould & C.A. Clark FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Needle-Leaf Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Clark FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Tapered Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium boreale (Nash) Freckmann FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC Northern Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium clandestinum (L.) Gould FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Deer-Tongue Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium commutatum (J.A. Schultes) Gould FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Variable Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium consanguineum (Kunth) Gould & C.A. Clark FACU FACU FACU Blood Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium cynodon (Reichardt) C.A. Clark & Gould OBL Tussock Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Cypress Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium erectifolium (Nash) Gould & C.A. Clark OBL OBL Erect-Leaf Rosette Grass



Dichanthelium hillebrandianum (A.S. Hitchc.) C.A. Clark & Gould FACW Bog Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium hirstii (Swallen) Kartesz OBL Hirsts' Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium isachnoides (Munro ex Hbd.) C.A. Clark & Gould OBL Maui Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium koolauense (St. John & Hosaka) C.A. Clark & 

Gould 

OBL 

Koolau Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium latifolium (L.) Harville FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Broad-Leaf Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium laxiflorum (Lam.) Gould FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Open-Flower Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium leibergii (Vasey) Freckmann FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Leiberg's Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium leucothrix (Nash) Freckmann FACW Rough Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium oligosanthes (J.A. Schultes) Gould FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Heller's Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium ovale (Ell.) Gould & C.A. Clark FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Egg-Leaf Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium portoricense (Desv. ex Hamilton) B.F. Hansen & 

Wunderlin 

FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Hemlock Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium ravenelii (Scribn. & Merr.) Gould FACU FACU FAC FAC Ravenel's Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium scabriusculum (Ell.) Gould & C.A. Clark OBL OBL OBL OBL Woolly Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium scoparium (Lam.) Gould FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Broom Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Ell.) Gould FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Round-Seed Rosette Grass 

Dichanthelium strigosum (Muhl. ex Ell.) Freckmann FAC FACU FAC FACW Rough-Hair Rosette Grass 

Dichanthium aristatum (Poir.) C.E. Hubbard FACU UPL FACU FACU Angleton's Bluestem 

Dichelostemma capitatum (Benth.) Wood FACU FACU Bluedicks 

Dichondra carolinensis Michx. FAC FACW FAC Carolina Pony's-Foot 

Dichondra micrantha Urban FAC FACW FACW FACW FACU FACW Asian Pony's-Foot 

Dichondra recurvata Tharp & M.C. Johnston FAC FAC Oakwoods Pony's-Foot 

Dichondra sericea Sw. FACU Silver-Leaf Pony's-Foot 

Dicliptera brachiata (Pursh) Spreng. FACW FACW FACW FACW Branched Foldwing 

Dicliptera chinensis (L.) Juss. FAC Chinese Foldwing 

Dicliptera sexangularis (L.) Juss. FAC UPL FAC Six-Angle Foldwing 

Dicranopteris flexuosa (Schrad.) Underwood FAC FAC Drooping Forked Fern 

Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.) Underwood FACU False Stag-Horn Fern 

Dicranopteris pectinata (Willd.) Underwood FAC Comb Forked Fern 

Dicranopteris rubiginosa (Mett.) Maxon FAC Tropical Forked Fern 

Didiplis diandra (Nutt. ex DC.) Wood OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water-Purslane 

Didymoglossum petersii (Gray) Copeland FAC FAC Dwarf Filmy Fern 

Didymoplexis fimbriata Schlechter FAC* 

Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott UPL FACW FACU Dumb-Cane 

Dieteria bigelovii (Gray) D. Morgan & R.L. Hartman FACW FACW FACW Bigelow's False Tansy-Aster



Dieteria canescens (Pursh) Nutt. UPL UPL FAC FAC FAC Hoar False Tansy-Aster 

Digitalis purpurea L. UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU Purple Foxglove 

Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU Asian Crab Grass 

Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. FACU FACU UPL FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Southern Crab Grass 

Digitaria eriantha Steud. FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU Pangola Grass 

Digitaria horizontalis Willd. FACU UPL FAC Jamaican Crab Grass 

Digitaria insularis (L.) Mez ex Ekman FAC UPL FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU Sour Grass 

Digitaria ischaemum 

(Schreb. ex Schweig.) Schreb. ex 

Muhl. 

UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU Smooth Crab Grass 

Digitaria pauciflora A.S. Hitchc. FACW Two-Spike Crab Grass 

Digitaria radicosa (Presl) Miq. FAC Trailing Crab Grass 

Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Hairy Crab Grass 

Digitaria serotina (Walt.) Michx. FAC FAC Dwarf Crab Grass 

Digitaria setigera Roth FAC UPL FAC East Indian Crab Grass 

Digitaria violascens Link FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC FACU Violet Crab Grass 

Dilomilis montana (Sw.) Summerhayes FACW Parrot-Beak Orchid 

Dinebra nealleyi (Vasey) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow OBL FACW FACW FACW Nealley's Viper Grass 

Dinebra panicea (Retz.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Needle Viper Grass 

Dinebra panicoides (J. Presl) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow FACW UPL FACW FACW OBL Amazon Viper Grass 

Dinebra scabra (Nees) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow FACW OBL Rough Viper Grass 

Dinebra viscida (Scribn.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow FACU FACU FACW Sonoran Viper Grass 

Diodia serrulata (Beauv.) G. Taylor FACU Seaside Buttonweed 

Diodia teres Walt. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Poorjoe 

Diodia virginiana L. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW Virginia Buttonweed 

Dionaea muscipula Ellis FACW FACW Venus' Flytrap 

Dioscorea pentaphylla L. FACU Five-Leaf Yam 

Dioscorea villosa L. FACW UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC Wild Yam 

Diospyros blancoi A. DC. UPL Velvet-Apple 

Diospyros virginiana L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Common Persimmon 

Diphasiastrum alpinum (L.) Holub FACU FACU FAC Alpine Creeping-Cedar 

Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Trailing Creeping-Cedar 

Diphylleia cymosa Michx. FACU American Umbrella-Leaf 

Diplachne fusca 

(L.) Beauv.ex Roemer & J.A. 

Schultes 

FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Bearded Sprangletop 

Diplacus parviflorus Greene FACU Island Bush-Monkey-Flower 

Diplazium arnottii Brack. FACU Arnott's Twin-Sorus Fern



Diplazium centripetale (Baker) Maxon OBL Royal Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium cristatum (Desr.) Alston FACW Crested Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. FACW FACW Vegetable Fern 

Diplazium expansum Willd. OBL Great Fern 

Diplazium grandifolium (Sw.) Sw. FACW Large-Leaf Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium hymenodes (Mett.) A.& D. Löve FACW Peacock Fern 

Diplazium lherminieri Hieron. OBL L'herminier's Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium plantaginifolium (L.) Urban FAC Plantain-Leaf Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium pycnocarpon (Spreng.) Broun FAC FAC FACU FAC Glade Fern 

Diplazium riedelianum (Bong. ex Kunze) K. Presl FAC Riedel's Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium sandwichianum (K. Presl) Diels FAC Hawaii Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium striatum (L.) K. Presl OBL Striped Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium unilobum (Poir.) Hieron. FACU Single-Lobe Twin-Sorus Fern 

Diplazium woodwardioides (K. Presl) Morton FACU* 

Diplopterygium pinnatum (Kunze) Nakai FACU Scrambling Fern 

Dipsacus fullonum L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Fuller's Teasel 

Dipsacus laciniatus L. UPL FACU FACU Cut-Leaf Teasel 

Dirca occidentalis Gray FAC FAC Western Leatherwood 

Dirca palustris L. FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Eastern Leatherwood 

Distichlis littoralis (Engelm.) H.L. Bell & Columbus OBL OBL OBL Shore Grass 

Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene OBL FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Coastal Salt Grass 

Ditrysinia fruticosa (Bartr.) Govaerts & Frodin FAC FACW Gulf Sebastian-Bush 

Ditta myricoides Griseb. FACW Gale Jaboncillo 

Dodecatheon alpinum (Gray) Greene FACW FACW Alpine Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon conjugens Greene FACU FACU FACU Bonneville Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon dentatum Hook. FACW FACW White Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon frigidum Cham. & Schlecht. FACW Western Arctic Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon jeffreyi Van Houtte FACW FACW FACW Tall Mountain Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon meadia L. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Pride-of-Ohio 

Dodecatheon poeticum Henderson FAC FAC Poet's Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon pulchellum (Raf.) Merr. FACW FACW FACW FACW Dark-Throat Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon redolens (Hall) H.J. Thompson OBL OBL Scented Shootingstar 

Dodecatheon subalpinum Eastw. FACU FACU Sierran Shootingstar 

Dodonaea viscosa Jacq. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL Florida Hopbush 

Doellingeria sericocarpoides Small FACW FACW FACW Southern White-Top 

Doellingeria umbellata (P. Mill.) Nees FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW Parasol White-Top



Dopatrium junceum (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. OBL OBL OBL OBL Horsefly's-Eye 

Dovyalis hebecarpa (G. Gardn.) Warb. UPL FACU Ceylon-Gooseberry 

Downingia bacigalupii Weiler OBL OBL Bach's Calico-Flower 

Downingia bella Hoover OBL OBL Hoover's Calico-Flower 

Downingia bicornuta Gray OBL OBL Double-Horn Calico-Flower 

Downingia concolor Greene OBL OBL Maroon-Spot Calico-Flower 

Downingia cuspidata (Greene) Greene ex Jepson OBL OBL Toothed Calico-Flower 

Downingia elegans (Dougl. ex Lindl.) Torr. OBL OBL Elegant Calico-Flower 

Downingia insignis Greene OBL OBL Harlequin Calico-Flower 

Downingia laeta (Greene) Greene OBL OBL Great Basin Calico-Flower 

Downingia montana Greene OBL OBL Sierran Calico-Flower 

Downingia ornatissima Greene OBL OBL Folded Calico-Flower 

Downingia pulchella (Lindl.) Torr. OBL OBL Flat-Face Calico-Flower 

Downingia pusilla (G. Don) Torr. OBL OBL Dwarf Calico-Flower 

Downingia willamettensis M.E. Peck OBL OBL Willamette Calico-Flower 

Downingia yina Applegate OBL OBL Cascade Calico-Flower 

Draba albertina Greene FAC FAC FAC FAC Slender Whitlow-Grass 

Draba aurea Vahl ex Hornem. UPL FACU FAC FACU Golden Whitlow-Grass 

Draba helleriana Greene FAC FACU FAC Heller's Whitlow-Grass 

Draba lonchocarpa Rydb. UPL FACU UPL Lance-Pod Whitlow-Grass 

Draba paucifructa Clokey & C.L. Hitchc. FAC Charleston Mountain Whitlow- 

Grass 

Draba praealta Greene UPL FACU FACW Tall Whitlow-Grass 

Draba spectabilis Greene FACU FACU FACU Showy Whitlow-Grass 

Draba stenoloba Ledeb. FACU FACU FAC Alaska Whitlow-Grass 

Dracocephalum parviflorum Nutt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Dragonhead 

Dracontium asperum K. Koch FACW Guapa 

Dracopis amplexicaulis (Vahl) Cass. FAC FACW FAC FAC FACU FACU Clasping-Coneflower 

Drosera aliciae Raym.-Hamet OBL OBL Australian Sundew 

Drosera anglica Huds. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL English Sundew 

Drosera brevifolia Pursh OBL OBL OBL OBL Dwarf Sundew 

Drosera capensis L. OBL OBL Cape Sundew 

Drosera capillaris Poir. OBL OBL OBL OBL Pink Sundew 

Drosera filiformis Raf. OBL OBL OBL Thread-Leaf Sundew 

Drosera intermedia Hayne OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Spoon-Leaf Sundew 

Drosera linearis Goldie OBL OBL OBL Slender-Leaf Sundew



Drosera rotundifolia L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Round-Leaf Sundew 

Drosera tracyi Macfarlane OBL OBL OBL Tracy's Sundew 

Drosera X belezeana E.G. Camus OBL 

Drosera X hybrida Macfarlane (pro sp.) OBL OBL 

Drosera X obovata Mert. & Koch (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Dryas ajanensis Juz. UPL FAC Eight-Petal Mountain-Avens 

Dryas chamissonis Spreng. FACU White Mountain-Avens 

Dryas drummondii Richards. ex Hook. FACU FACU FACU Yellow Mountain-Avens 

Dryas incisa Juz. FACU Panarctic Mountain-Avens 

Dryas integrifolia Vahl FACU FACU White Mountain-Avens 

Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex J.A. Schultes FAC FAC FAC FAC Whitesnow 

Drymaria pachyphylla Woot. & Standl. FACU FACU FACU Thick-Leaf Drymary 

Drymocallis arguta (Pursh) Rydb. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Tall Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis arizonica Rydb. FAC FAC Arizona Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis campanulata (C.L. Hitchc.) Ertter FAC FAC John Day Valley Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis convallaria (Rydb.) Rydb. FACU FACU FACU FACU Cream Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis glabrata Rydb. FAC FAC Idaho Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis glandulosa (Lindl.) Rydb. FAC FAC FAC Sticky Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis hansenii (Greene) Rydb. FAC FAC Yosemite Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis lactea (Greene) Rydb. FAC FAC Sierran Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis micropetala Rydb. FAC FAC Little-Petal Woodbeauty 

Drymocallis pseudorupestris (Rydb.) Rydb. FAC FAC FAC 

Drymocallis rhomboidea (Rydb.) Rydb. FAC FAC Sticky Woodbeauty 

Dryopteris campyloptera Clarkson UPL UPL FACU Mountain Wood Fern 

Dryopteris carthusiana (Vill.) H.P. Fuchs FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC Spinulose Wood Fern 

Dryopteris celsa 

(Wm. Palmer) Knowlt., Palmer & 

Pollard ex Small 

FAC OBL OBL OBL OBL Log Fern 

Dryopteris clintoniana (D.C. Eat.) Dowell FACW FACW FACW FACW Clinton's Wood Fern 

Dryopteris crinalis (Hook. & Arn.) C. Christens. OBL Serpent Wood Fern 

Dryopteris cristata (L.) Gray OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Crested Wood Fern 

Dryopteris expansa (K. Presl) Fraser-Jenkins & Jermy FACU FACW FAC FAC FACW Spreading Wood Fern 

Dryopteris fuscoatra (Hbd.) W.J. Robins. FAC Crowned Wood Fern 

Dryopteris glabra (Brack.) Kuntze FAC Kilaw 

Dryopteris goldiana (Hook. ex Goldie) Gray FAC FAC FAC FAC Goldie's Wood Fern 

Dryopteris hawaiiensis (Hbd.) W.J. Robins. FACU Hawaii Wood Fern 

Dryopteris intermedia (Muhl. ex Willd.) Gray FACU FACU FAC FAC Evergreen Wood Fern



Dryopteris ludoviciana (Kunze) Small FACW FACW Southern Wood Fern 

Dryopteris marginalis (L.) Gray FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Marginal Wood Fern 

Dryopteris mauiensis C. Christens. FACU Maui Wood Fern 

Dryopteris sandwicensis (Hook. & Arn.) C. Christens. FACU Pacific Wood Fern 

Dryopteris subbipinnata W.H. Wagner & Hobdy FACU Ainahou Valley Wood Fern 

Dryopteris unidentata (Hook. & Arn.) C. Christens. FACU One-Tooth Wood Fern 

Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl. FACU Alpine Wood Fern 

Dryopteris X australis (Wherry) Small (pro sp.) FACW FACW 

Dryopteris X boottii (Tuckerman) Underwood (pro sp.) FACW FACW FACW FACW 

Dryopteris X mickelii J.H. Peck FAC FAC 

Dryopteris X triploidea Wherry FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC 

Dryopteris X uliginosa (A. Braun ex Dowell) Druce FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC 

Drypetes alba Poit. FACU Cafeillo 

Drypetes glauca Vahl FACW Varital 

Dubautia dolosa (O. Deg. & Sherff) G.D. Carr FAC Maui Dubautia 

Dubautia imbricata St. John & G.D. Carr FACW Bog Dubautia 

Dubautia knudsenii Hbd. FACU Forest Dubautia 

Dubautia laxa Hook. & Arn. FAC Na'ena'e Pua Melemele 

Dubautia paleata Gray FACW Na'ena'e Pua Kea 

Dubautia pauciflorula St. John & G.D. Carr FAC Wahiawa Bog Dubautia 

Dubautia plantaginea Gaud. FAC Plantain-Leaf Dubautia 

Dubautia raillardioides Hbd. FAC Na'ena'e 'Ula 

Dubautia reticulata (Sherff) Keck FACU Net-Vein Dubautia 

Dubautia scabra (DC.) Keck FACU Rough Dubautia 

Dubautia waialealae Rock OBL Waialeale Dubautia 

Dudleya variegata (S. Wats.) Moran FACU Variegated Live-Forever 

Dulichium arundinaceum (L.) Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Three-Way Sedge 

Dupontia fisheri R. Br. FACW Fisher's Tundra Grass 

Dypsis lutescens (H. Wendl.) Beentje & Dransf. FAC UPL Golden Butterfly Palm 

Dyschoriste angusta (Gray) Small FAC Pineland Snakeherb 

Dyschoriste humistrata (Michx.) Kuntze FACW Swamp Snakeherb 

Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC UPL FAC FACU FAC Mexican-Tea 

Dysphania botrys (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Jerusalem-Oak 

Echinochloa colona (L.) Link FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Jungle-Rice 

Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. FACW FACW OBL FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC FAC Large Barnyard Grass 

Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) J.A. Schultes OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW Gulf Cock's-Spur Grass



Echinochloa esculenta (A. Braun) H. Scholtz FAC UPL UPL UPL FACW UPL UPL Japanese Water Grass 

Echinochloa frumentacea Link UPL UPL UPL UPL FACW FAC FAC Japanese-Millet 

Echinochloa muricata (Beauv.) Fern. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Rough Barnyard Grass 

Echinochloa oryzicola (Vasinger) Vasinger FACW OBL Rice-Field Grass 

Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch OBL FAC OBL Early Water Grass 

Echinochloa paludigena Wieg. OBL Florida Cock's-Spur Grass 

Echinochloa picta (J. König) P.W. Michael FAC Showy Cock's-Spur Grass 

Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) A.S. Hitchc. OBL OBL FACW Creeping River Grass 

Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller OBL OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL Long-Awn Cock's-Spur Grass 

Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray FACW FACU FAC FAC FACW FACW FACU Wild Cucumber 

Echinodorus berteroi (Spreng.) Fassett OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Upright Burrhead 

Echinodorus bolivianus (Rusby) Holm-Niesen OBL Bolivian Burrhead 

Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. OBL OBL OBL OBL Creeping Burrhead 

Echinodorus floridanus Haynes & Burkhalter OBL Florida Burrhead 

Echinopepon wrightii (Gray) S. Wats. FAC FAC FAC Wild Balsam-Apple 

Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. FACW FAC OBL FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC False Daisy 

Egeria densa Planch. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brazilian-Waterweed 

Egletes viscosa (L.) Less. FACW FACW Erect Tropical Daisy 

Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth OBL OBL OBL Anchored Water-Hyacinth 

Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Water-Hyacinth 

Eichhornia diversifolia (Vahl) Urban OBL Variable-Leaf Water-Hyacinth 

Eichhornia paniculata (Spreng.) Solms OBL OBL Brazilian Water-Hyacinth 

Elaeagnus angustifolia L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Russian-Olive 

Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. ex Rydb. UPL FAC FAC UPL UPL UPL UPL FAC American Silver-Berry 

Elaeocarpus bifidus Hook. & Arn. FACU Kalia 

Elaphoglossum aemulum (Kaulfuss) Brack. FAC Creeping Tongue Fern 

Elaphoglossum alatum Gaud. FAC Tall Tongue Fern 

Elaphoglossum crassicaule Copeland FACU 

Elaphoglossum crassifolium (Gaud.) Anders. & Crosby FACU Royal Tongue Fern 

Elaphoglossum fauriei Copeland FACU 

Elaphoglossum paleaceum (Hook. & Grev.) Sledge FACU Ekaha 

Elaphoglossum parvisquamaeum Skottsberg FACU 

Elaphoglossum pellucidum Gaud. FACU Jeweled Tongue Fern 

Elaphoglossum wawrae (Luerss.) C. Christens. FAC Island Tongue Fern 

Elatine ambigua Wight OBL OBL Asian Waterwort 

Elatine americana (Pursh) Arn. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Waterwort



Elatine brachysperma Gray OBL OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL Short-Seed Waterwort 

Elatine californica Gray OBL OBL OBL California Waterwort 

Elatine chilensis Gray OBL OBL Chilean Waterwort 

Elatine heterandra Mason OBL OBL Mosquito Waterwort 

Elatine minima (Nutt.) Fisch. & C.A. Mey. OBL OBL OBL OBL Small Waterwort 

Elatine rubella Rydb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Red-Stem Waterwort 

Elatine triandra Schkuhr OBL Eurasian Waterwort 

Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Needle Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis acutangula (Roxb.) J.A. Schultes FAC Hollow-Stem Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis aestuum D.M. Hines ex A. A. Haines OBL OBL OBL Tidal Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis albida Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL White Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis atropurpurea (Retz.) J.& K. Presl FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Purple Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis baldwinii (Torr.) Chapman OBL OBL FACW Baldwin's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis bella (Piper) Svens. FACW FACW FACW Delicate Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis bifida S.G. Sm. FACW FACW FACW Glades Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis bolanderi Gray FACW FACW Bolander's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis cellulosa Torr. OBL OBL OBL Gulf Coast Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis compressa Sullivant FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Flat-Stem Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis confervoides (Poir.) Steud. OBL Algal-Bulrush 

Eleocharis cylindrica Buckl. OBL OBL OBL Cylinder Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis debilis Kunth OBL Sintenis' Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis diandra C. Wright FACW OBL Wright's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.) Trin. ex Hensch. OBL OBL* Chinese Water-Chestnut 

Eleocharis elegans (Kunth) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL Elegant Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis elliptica Kunth OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Elliptic Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis elongata Chapman OBL Slim Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis engelmannii Steud. FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Engelmann's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis equisetoides (Ell.) Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Horsetail-Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis fallax Weatherby OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Creeping Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis flavescens (Poir.) Urban OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL Capitate Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis halophila (Fern. & Brack.) Fern. & Brack. OBL OBL OBL Saltmarsh Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis intermedia J.A. Schultes FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL Intermediate Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis interstincta (Vahl) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL Knotted Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis kamtschatica (C.A. Mey.) Komarov FACW Kamchatka Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis lanceolata Fern. FACW FACW FACW FACW Dagger-Leaf Spike-Rush



Eleocharis mamillata (Lindb. f.) Lindb. f. OBL OBL Soft-Stem Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis melanocarpa Torr. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Black-Fruit Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis microcarpa Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Small-Fruit Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis minima Kunth OBL OBL Small Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis minutiflora Boeckl. FACU Pygmy-Flower Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis montana (Kunth) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Mountain Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis montevidensis Kunth FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Sand Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis mutata (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL Scallion-Grass 

Eleocharis nana Kunth OBL Hair-Like Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis nigrescens (Nees) Steud. FACW Black Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis nitida Fern. OBL OBL Quill Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Blunt Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis occulta S.G. Sm. FACW FACW FACW Limestone Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis ochrostachys Steud. OBL* 

Eleocharis olivacea Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bright-Green Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis pachycarpa Desv. OBL OBL Black-Sand Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis pachystyla (C. Wright) C.B. Clarke OBL False Junco 

Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis parishii Britt. FACW FACW FACW Parish's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis parvula 

(Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Link ex 

Bluff, Nees & Schauer 

OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Little-Head Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Square-Stem Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis quinqueflora (F.X. Hartmann) Schwarz OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Few-Flower Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis radicans (A. Dietr.) Kunth OBL OBL UPL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rooted Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis ravenelii Britt. OBL OBL Rio Grande Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis retroflexa (Poir.) Urban OBL OBL Coastal-Plain Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis reverchonii Svens. OBL OBL Reverchon's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis robbinsii Oakes OBL OBL OBL OBL Robbins' Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis rostellata (Torr.) Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Beaked Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis schaffneri Boeckl. OBL Schaffner's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis suksdorfiana Beauv. OBL OBL Suksdorf's Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) J.A. Schultes FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Slender Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis torticulmis S.G. Sm. OBL OBL Twist-Stem Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis tortilis (Link) J.A. Schultes FACW FACW FACW FACW Twisted Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis tricostata Torr. OBL OBL OBL Three-Angle Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis tuberculosa (Michx.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL OBL Cone-Cup Spike-Rush



Eleocharis vivipara Link OBL OBL OBL Viviparous Spike-Rush 

Eleocharis wolfii (Gray) Gray ex Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Wolf's Spike-Rush 

Elephantopus carolinianus Raeusch. FACU FACU FAC FAC Carolina Elephant's-Foot 

Elephantopus elatus Bertol. FACU FACU Tall Elephant's-Foot 

Elephantopus mollis Kunth FAC FACU Soft Elephant's-Foot 

Elephantopus nudatus Gray FAC FAC Smooth Elephant's-Foot 

Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Indian Goose Grass 

Eleutheranthera ruderalis (Sw.) Schultz-Bip. FAC Ogiera 

Elionurus tripsacoides Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. FACW UPL UPL Pan-American Balsamscale 

Elliottia pyroliflora (Bong.) S.W. Brim & P.F. Stevens FAC FAC Copperbush 

Ellisia nyctelea (L.) L. FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU Aunt Lucy 

Elodea bifoliata St. John OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Two-Leaf Waterweed 

Elodea canadensis Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Canadian Waterweed 

Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) St. John OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Western Waterweed 

Elodea schweinitzii (Planch.) Caspary OBL OBL Schweinitz's Waterweed 

Eltroplectris calcarata (Sw.) Garay & Sweet OBL FACU Long-Claw Orchid 

Elymus alaskanus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. Löve FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU Alaska Wild Rye 

Elymus canadensis L. FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Nodding Wild Rye 

Elymus caninus (L.) L. FAC Bearded Wild Rye 

Elymus curvatus Piper FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Awnless Wild Rye 

Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Western Bottle-Brush Grass 

Elymus glaucus Buckl. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Blue Wild Rye 

Elymus hystrix L. UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU Eastern Bottle-Brush Grass 

Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Streamside Wild Rye 

Elymus macrourus (Turcz. ex Steud.) Tzvelev FAC Thick-Spike Wild Rye 

Elymus repens (L.) Gould FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Creeping Wild Rye 

Elymus riparius Wieg. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW River-Bank Wild Rye 

Elymus sibiricus L. FAC Siberian Wild Rye 

Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Slender Wild Rye 

Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Hairy Wild Rye 

Elymus virginicus L. FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Virginia Wild Rye 

Elymus wawawaiensis J. Carlson & Barkworth FACU FACU FACU Wawawai Wild Rye 

Elymus wiegandii Fern. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Wiegand's Wild Rye 

Elytraria caroliniensis (J.F. Gmel.) Pers. FACW Carolina Scalystem 

Emilia fosbergii D.H. Nicols. UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU Florida Tassel-Flower 

Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. UPL UPL FACU UPL FAC UPL Lilac Tassel-Flower



Empetrum nigrum L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Black Crowberry 

Enchylaena tomentosa R. Br. UPL FAC UPL Ruby-Saltbush 

Endodeca serpentaria (L.) Raf. FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL Virginia-Snakeroot 

Enemion biternatum Raf. FACW FACU FAC FAC FAC UPL Eastern False Rue-Anemone 

Enhalus acoroides L.C. Rich. ex Steud. OBL* 

Entada phaseoloides (L.) Merr. FACU St. Thomas-Bean 

Entolasia marginata (R. Br.) Hughes FACU Bordered Panic 

Enydra fluctuans Lour. OBL Buffalo-Spinach 

Enydra sessilis (Sw.) DC. OBL Small-Ray Swampwort 

Epidendrum X obrienianum Rolfe FACU 

Epilobium anagallidifolium Lam. FAC FACU FAC FACW FACU Pimpernel Willowherb 

Epilobium arcticum Samuelsson FACW Arctic Willowherb 

Epilobium billardierianum Ser. FACU Aboriginal Willowherb 

Epilobium campestre (Jepson) Hoch & W.L. Wagner OBL FACW OBL Smooth Willowherb 

Epilobium ciliatum Raf. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Fringed Willowherb 

Epilobium clavatum Trel. FAC FACU FACU FACU Talus Willowherb 

Epilobium cleistogamum (Curran) Hoch & Raven OBL OBL Selfing Willowherb 

Epilobium coloratum Biehler OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Purple-Leaf Willowherb 

Epilobium davuricum Fisch. ex Hornem. FACW Dahurian Willowherb 

Epilobium densiflorum (Lindl.) Hoch & Raven FACW FACW Dense-Flower Willowherb 

Epilobium glaberrimum Barbey FACW FACW FACW Glaucous Willowherb 

Epilobium hallianum Hausskn. FACW FACW FACW Glandular Willowherb 

Epilobium hirsutum L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Codlins-and-Cream 

Epilobium hornemannii Reichenb. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Hornemann's Willowherb 

Epilobium howellii Hoch FACW FACW Yuba Pass Willowherb 

Epilobium lactiflorum Hausskn. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW White-Flower Willowherb 

Epilobium leptocarpum Hausskn. FACW FACW FACW FACW Slender-Fruit Willowherb 

Epilobium leptophyllum Raf. OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW Bog Willowherb 

Epilobium luteum Pursh FACW FACW FACW Yellow Willowherb 

Epilobium minutum Lindl. ex Lehm. FACU FACU Chaparral Willowherb 

Epilobium obcordatum Gray FACU FACU Rockfringe 

Epilobium oreganum Greene OBL OBL Grants Pass Willowherb 

Epilobium oregonense Hausskn. OBL FACW FACW Oregon Willowherb 

Epilobium pallidum (Eastw.) Hoch & Raven FAC FAC Large-Flower Willowherb 

Epilobium palustre L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Willowherb 

Epilobium parviflorum Schreb. OBL Small-Flower Hairy Willowherb



Epilobium saximontanum Hausskn. FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Willowherb 

Epilobium siskiyouense (Munz) Hoch & Raven FACW FACW Siskiyou Willowherb 

Epilobium strictum Muhl. ex Spreng. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Downy Willowherb 

Epilobium suffruticosum Nutt. FACU FACU FACU Shrubby Willowherb 

Epilobium torreyi (S. Wats.) Hoch & Raven FACW FACW Brook Willowherb 

Epilobium X treleaseanum Level. OBL 

Epipactis gigantea Dougl. ex Hook. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Giant Helleborine 

Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU Helleborine 

Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz FACW Marsh-Orchid 

Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. UPL FAC FAC Devil's Ivy 

Equisetum arvense L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Field Horsetail 

Equisetum fluviatile L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Horsetail 

Equisetum hyemale L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW Tall Scouring-Rush 

Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Smooth Scouring-Rush 

Equisetum palustre L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Marsh Horsetail 

Equisetum pratense Ehrh. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Meadow Horsetail 

Equisetum scirpoides Michx. FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Dwarf Scouring-Rush 

Equisetum sylvaticum L. FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Woodland Horsetail 

Equisetum telmateia Ehrh. FACW OBL FACW Giant Horsetail 

Equisetum variegatum 

Schleich. ex F. Weber & D.M.H. 

Mohr 

FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Variegated Scouring-Rush 

Equisetum X ferrissii Clute (pro sp.) FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW 

Equisetum X litorale Kühlewein ex Rupr. (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Equisetum X mackaii (Newm.) Brichan FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW 

Equisetum X nelsonii (A.A. Eat.) Schaffn. (pro sp.) FACW FAC OBL FAC FAC OBL 

Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. ex Nees FAC FACU FACU FAC Feather Love Grass 

Eragrostis atrovirens (Desf.) Trin. ex Steud. FAC Thalia Love Grass 

Eragrostis bahiensis Schrad. ex J.A. Schultes FAC Bahia Love Grass 

Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. ex Janchen FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Stink Grass 

Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Gopher-Tail Love Grass 

Eragrostis cumingii Steud. FACU FACU FAC Cuming's Love Grass 

Eragrostis elliottii S. Wats. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Elliot's Love Grass 

Eragrostis frankii C.A. Mey. ex Steud. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Sandbar Love Grass 

Eragrostis grandis Hbd. FAC Large Hawaii Love Grass 

Eragrostis hirsuta (Michx.) Nees FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Big-Top Love Grass 

Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Teal Love Grass



Eragrostis japonica (Thunb.) Trin. FAC OBL OBL Japanese Love Grass 

Eragrostis lugens Nees FAC FACU FAC FACU Mourning Love Grass 

Eragrostis lutescens Scribn. FACU FACU FACU Six-Weeks Love Grass 

Eragrostis mexicana (Hornem.) Link FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FAC FAC FAC Mexican Love Grass 

Eragrostis paupera Jedw. FACU Oahu Love Grass 

Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees ex Jedw. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Purple Love Grass 

Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Indian Love Grass 

Eragrostis prolifera (Sw.) Steud. FAC Dominican Love Grass 

Eragrostis refracta (Muhl.) Scribn. FACW FACW FACW Meadow Love Grass 

Eragrostis reptans (Michx.) Nees FAC OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Creeping Love Grass 

Eragrostis secundiflora J. Presl UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Red Love Grass 

Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Petticoat-Climber 

Eragrostis unioloides (Retz.) Nees ex Steud. FAC FACU Chinese Love Grass 

Eragrostis variabilis (Gaud.) Steud. FACU Kawelu 

Eremogone capillaris (Poir.) Fenzl UPL FACU FACU Slender Mountain Matted 

Sandwort 

Erica tetralix L. FACU FACU FACU Cross-Leaf Heath 

Erigeron acris L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Bitter Fleabane 

Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Daisy Fleabane 

Erigeron bellioides DC. UPL FAC Bellorita 

Erigeron bonariensis L. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FAC FACU Asthmaweed 

Erigeron canadensis L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Canadian Horseweed 

Erigeron coulteri Porter FACW FACW FACW Large Mountain Fleabane 

Erigeron elatior (Gray) Greene FAC FACW FAC Tall Fleabane 

Erigeron flagellaris Gray FACU FAC FAC FACU Trailing Fleabane 

Erigeron formosissimus Greene UPL FAC UPL Beautiful Fleabane 

Erigeron glabellus Nutt. UPL FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Streamside Fleabane 

Erigeron glacialis (Nutt.) A. Nels. FACW FAC FACW Glacier Fleabane 

Erigeron glaucus Ker-Gawl. FACU FACU Seaside Fleabane 

Erigeron howellii (Gray) Gray FACW Howell's Fleabane 

Erigeron humilis Graham FACW FACW FACW Arctic Alpine Fleabane 

Erigeron hyssopifolius Michx. FACW Hyssop-Leaf Fleabane 

Erigeron jamaicensis L. OBL Jamaican Fleabane 

Erigeron kachinensis Welsh & Moore OBL OBL Kachina Fleabane 

Erigeron karvinskianus DC. FAC FACU FAC Latin American Fleabane 

Erigeron lanatus Hook. FACU FACU Woolly Fleabane



Erigeron lonchophyllus Hook. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Short-Ray Fleabane 

Erigeron melanocephalus (A. Nels.) A. Nels. FAC FAC FAC Black-Head Fleabane 

Erigeron nivalis Nutt. FACU FAC FAC Scotter's Fleabane 

Erigeron peregrinus (Banks ex Pursh) Greene FACW FACW Subalpine Fleabane 

Erigeron philadelphicus L. FAC FACU FACU FAC FACW FAC FACU Philadelphia Fleabane 

Erigeron procumbens (Houst. ex P. Mill.) Nesom FAC FACW Corpus Christi Fleabane 

Erigeron pulchellus Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Robin's-Plantain 

Erigeron quercifolius Lam. FAC FACW Oak-Leaf Fleabane 

Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Prairie Fleabane 

Erigeron vernus (L.) Torr. & Gray OBL OBL Early White-Top Fleabane 

Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. UPL UPL UPL FACU Loquat 

Eriocaulon aquaticum (Hill) Druce OBL OBL OBL OBL Seven-Angle Pipewort 

Eriocaulon cinereum R. Br. OBL OBL OBL OBL Ashy Pipewort 

Eriocaulon compressum Lam. OBL OBL OBL Flattened Pipewort 

Eriocaulon decangulare L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Ten-Angle Pipewort 

Eriocaulon koernickianum van Heurck & Muell.-Arg. OBL OBL OBL OBL Gulf Pipewort 

Eriocaulon lineare Small OBL OBL Narrow Pipewort 

Eriocaulon microcephalum Kunth OBL OBL Small-Head Pipewort 

Eriocaulon nigrobracteatum Bridges & Orzell OBL Black-Bract Pipewort 

Eriocaulon parkeri B.L. Robins. OBL OBL OBL Estuary Pipewort 

Eriocaulon ravenelii Chapman OBL Ravenel's Pipewort 

Eriocaulon scariosum Sm. OBL Rough Pipewort 

Eriocaulon texense Koern. OBL OBL OBL Texas Pipewort 

Eriochloa acuminata (J. Presl) Kunth FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Taper-Tip Cup Grass 

Eriochloa aristata Vasey FACW FACW FACW Bearded Cup Grass 

Eriochloa contracta A.S. Hitchc. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Prairie Cup Grass 

Eriochloa fatmensis (Hochst. & Steud.) W.D. Clayton FAC FAC Tropical Cup Grass 

Eriochloa michauxii (Poir.) A.S. Hitchc. FACW Long-Leaf Cup Grass 

Eriochloa polystachya Kunth FACW FACW Carib Grass 

Eriochloa punctata (L.) Desv. ex Hamilton FACW FACW FACW FACW Louisiana Cup Grass 

Eriogonum ampullaceum J.T. Howell FACU FACU Mono Wild Buckwheat 

Eriogonum argophyllum Reveal FACW Sulphur Hot Springs Wild 

Buckwheat 

Eriogonum ovalifolium Nutt. FACU UPL FACU Cushion Wild Buckwheat 

Eriophorum angustifolium Honckeny OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tall Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum brachyantherum Trautv. & C.A. Mey. OBL Closed-Sheath Cotton-Grass



Eriophorum callitrix Cham. ex C.A. Mey. FACW FACW OBL Arctic Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum chamissonis C.A. Mey. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Chamisso's Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum crinigerum (Gray) Beetle OBL OBL Meadow's Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum gracile W.D.J. Koch OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Slender Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum komarovii V.N. Vassil OBL 

Eriophorum russeolum Fries ex Hartman FACW OBL OBL OBL Russet-Bristle Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum scheuchzeri Hoppe OBL OBL OBL White Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum tenellum Nutt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Few-Nerve Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum vaginatum L. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Tussock Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum virginicum L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tawny Cotton-Grass 

Eriophorum viridicarinatum (Engelm.) Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tassel Cotton-Grass 

Ernodea littoralis Sw. FAC UPL Coughbush 

Erodium botrys (Cav.) Bertol. FACU FACU FACU FACU Long-Beak Stork's-Bill 

Eryngium alismifolium Greene FACW FACW Modoc Eryngo 

Eryngium aquaticum L. OBL OBL OBL Rattlesnake-Master 

Eryngium aristulatum Jepson OBL OBL California Eryngo 

Eryngium armatum (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose FACW FACW Coastal Eryngo 

Eryngium aromaticum Baldw. FACW Fragrant Eryngo 

Eryngium articulatum Hook. OBL OBL Bee-Thistle 

Eryngium baldwinii Spreng. FACW Baldwin's Eryngo 

Eryngium campestre L. FAC FAC Field Eryngo 

Eryngium castrense Jepson OBL OBL Great Valley Eryngo 

Eryngium constancei Sheikh OBL OBL Loch Lomond Eryngo 

Eryngium foetidum L. FAC FAC UPL Spiritweed 

Eryngium heterophyllum Engelm. FACW FAC FACW Wright's Eryngo 

Eryngium hookeri Walp. FACW FACW Hooker's Eryngo 

Eryngium integrifolium Walt. FACW FACW FACW Blue-Flower Eryngo 

Eryngium jepsonii Coult. & Rose OBL Jepson's Eryngo 

Eryngium lemmonii Coult. & Rose FAC Chiricahua Mountain Eryngo 

Eryngium mathiasiae Sheikh OBL OBL Mathias' Eryngo 

Eryngium nasturtiifolium Juss. ex Delar. f. FACW FACW FACW Hierba-Del-Sapo 

Eryngium petiolatum Hook. OBL OBL Rush-Leaf Eryngo 

Eryngium phyteumae Delar. f. OBL Huachuca Mountain Eryngo 

Eryngium pinnatisectum Jepson OBL OBL Tuolumne Eryngo 

Eryngium prostratum Nutt. ex DC. FACW OBL FACW OBL Creeping Eryngo 

Eryngium racemosum Jepson OBL OBL Delta Eryngo



Eryngium sparganophyllum Hemsl. OBL OBL Arizona Eryngo 

Eryngium spinosepalum Mathias FACW FACW Spiny-Sepal Eryngo 

Eryngium vaseyi Coult. & Rose FACW FACW Coyote-Thistle 

Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC Button Eryngo 

Erysimum cheiranthoides L. UPL UPL FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Worm-Seed Wallflower 

Erythrina fusca Lour. FACW Bucayo 

Erythrina poeppigiana (Walp.) O.F. Cook FACU FACU Mountain-Immortelle 

Erythronium albidum Nutt. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Small White Fawn-Lily 

Erythronium grandiflorum Pursh FACU FACU Yellow Avalanche-Lily 

Erythronium revolutum Sm. FAC FAC Mahogany Fawn-Lily 

Erythronium rostratum W. Wolf FACU UPL FAC FACU Yellow Trout-Lily 

Erythronium umbilicatum Parks & Hardin FAC FAC Dimpled Trout-Lily 

Eubotrys racemosa (L.) Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Swamp Deciduous-Doghobble 

Eubotrys recurva (Buckl.) Britt. FACU FACU Red-Twig Deciduous-Doghobble 

Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnhardt FAC UPL FAC FAC River Red Gum 

Eucalyptus deglupta Blume UPL FACU Rainbow Gum 

Eucalyptus robusta Sm. UPL FACU FACU Swamp-Mahogany 

Eucalyptus rudis Endl. FACU Western Australian Flooded 

Gum 

Euchiton involucratus (G. Forst.) A. Anderb. FACW FACW Star-Cudweed 

Eugenia borinquensis Britt. FAC Guayabota-de-Sierra 

Eugenia eggersii Kiaersk. FACW Guasabara 

Eugenia haematocarpa Alain FAC Luquillo Mountain Stopper 

Eugenia reinwardtiana (Blume) DC. FACU Mountain Stopper 

Eugenia stahlii (Kiaersk.) Krug & Urban FAC Stahl's Stopper 

Eugenia stewardsonii Britt. FACU Stewardson's Stopper 

Eugenia uniflora L. UPL UPL FACU Surinam-Cherry 

Eulophia alta (L.) Fawcett & Rendle FACW FACW Wild Coco 

Eulophia graminea Lindl. FACU* Grass-Leaf Wild Coco 

Euonymus americanus L. FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC American Strawberry-Bush 

Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU Eastern Wahoo 

Euonymus obovatus Nutt. FACU FAC FAC FACU Running Strawberry-Bush 

Euonymus occidentalis Nutt. ex Torr. FACW FAC Western Wahoo 

Eupatorium anomalum Nash FACU FACU Florida Thoroughwort 

Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Dog-Fennel 

Eupatorium compositifolium Walt. FAC FAC FACU FAC Yankeeweed



Eupatorium leptophyllum DC. FACW False Fennel 

Eupatorium leucolepis (DC.) Torr. & Gray FACW FACW FACW Justiceweed 

Eupatorium mikanioides Chapman FACW Semaphore Thoroughwort 

Eupatorium mohrii Greene FACW FAC FAC Mohr's Thoroughwort 

Eupatorium perfoliatum L. FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Common Boneset 

Eupatorium pilosum Walt. FACW FACW FACW Rough Boneset 

Eupatorium resinosum Torr. ex DC. OBL OBL OBL Pine-Barren Thoroughwort 

Eupatorium rotundifolium L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Round-Leaf Thoroughwort 

Eupatorium semiserratum DC. FACW FACW FAC FACW Small-Flower Thoroughwort 

Eupatorium serotinum Michx. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Late-Flowering Thoroughwort 

Eupatorium X cordigerum (Fern.) Fern. FAC 

Euphorbia celastroides Boiss. FACU Ekoko 

Euphorbia clusiifolia Hook. & Arn. FACU Forest Sandmat 

Euphorbia commutata Engelm. ex Gray FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL Tinted Woodland Spurge 

Euphorbia curtisii Engelm. FAC FAC Curtis' Spurge 

Euphorbia cyathophora Murr. FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Fire-on-the-Mountain 

Euphorbia heterophylla L. FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Mexican-Fireplant 

Euphorbia hirta L. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Pill-Pod Sandmat 

Euphorbia hooveri L.C. Wheeler OBL OBL Hoover's Sandmat 

Euphorbia humistrata Engelm. ex Gray FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Spreading Sandmat 

Euphorbia hypericifolia L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Graceful Sandmat 

Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU Hyssop-Leaf Sandmat 

Euphorbia inundata Torr. ex Chapman FACW Florida Pineland Spurge 

Euphorbia maculata L. FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Spotted Sandmat 

Euphorbia marginata Pursh UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Snow-on-the-Mountain 

Euphorbia mesembrianthemifolia Jacq. FAC FAC Coastal-Beach Sandmat 

Euphorbia nutans Lag. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Eyebane 

Euphorbia polygonifolia L. FACU FACU UPL UPL Seaside Sandmat 

Euphorbia polyphylla Engelm. ex Holz. FACU Lesser Florida Spurge 

Euphorbia porteriana (Small) Oudejans FACW Porter's Sandmat 

Euphorbia prostrata Ait. FACU FACU FAC FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Prostrate Sandmat 

Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch UPL UPL FACU Poinsettia 

Euphorbia purpurea (Raf.) Fern. FACW FAC FAC Darlington's Glade Spurge 

Euphorbia remyi Gray ex Boiss. FACU Remy's Sandmat 

Euphorbia rockii Forbes FACU Koolau Range Sandmat 

Euphorbia serpens Kunth FAC FACU FAC FACW UPL UPL FACW FACW FAC Matted Sandmat



Euphorbia sparsiflora Heller FACW Wahiawa Bog Sandmat 

Euphorbia spathulata Lam. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Warty Spurge 

Euphorbia thymifolia L. FAC UPL FAC Gulf Sandmat 

Euphorbia tirucalli L. FACU FACU UPL FACU False Caper 

Euphrasia randii B.L. Robins. FACW Small Eyebright 

Euphrosyne acerosa (Nutt.) Panero FACU UPL FACU Copperweed 

Eurya sandwicensis Gray FACU Anini 

Eurybia compacta Nesom FACU FACU Savannah Wood-Aster 

Eurybia eryngiifolia (Torr. & Gray) Nesom FACW Prickly Grass-Leaf-Aster 

Eurybia hemispherica (Alexander) Nesom FACU FACU FAC FACU Prairie Wood-Aster 

Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Large-Leaf Wood-Aster 

Eurybia merita (A. Nels.) Nesom FACU FACU FACU Behring Wood-Aster 

Eurybia paludosa (Ait.) Nesom FACW FACW Southern Swamp Grass-Leaf- 

Aster 

Eurybia radula (Ait.) Nesom OBL OBL OBL Rough Wood-Aster 

Eurybia sibirica (L.) Nesom FAC FAC UPL Siberian Wood-Aster 

Eurybia spinulosa (Chapman) Nesom FACW Apalachicola Grass-Leaf-Aster 

Eustachys glauca Chapman FACW Saltmarsh Finger Grass 

Eustachys neglecta (Nash) Nash FACU FACU Four-Spike Finger Grass 

Eustachys petraea (Sw.) Desv. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Pinewoods Finger Grass 

Eustoma exaltatum (L.) Salisb. FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Catchfly Prairie-Gentian 

Euthamia caroliniana (L.) Greene ex Porter & Britt. FAC FAC FACW FAC Slender Goldentop 

Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC FAC Flat-Top Goldentop 

Euthamia gymnospermoides Greene FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW Texas Goldentop 

Euthamia leptocephala 

(Torr. & Gray) Greene ex Porter & FACW FACW FAC FACW Bushy Goldentop 

Britt. 

Euthamia occidentalis Nutt. FACW OBL FACW Western Goldentop 

Eutrema edwardsii R. Br. FAC OBL Edwards' Mock Wallflower 

Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.) E. Lamont FACW FACW FACW Coastal-Plain Trumpetweed 

Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E. Lamont FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Trumpetweed 

Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E. Lamont FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Spotted Trumpetweed 

Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E. Lamont FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Sweet-Scented Joe-Pye-Weed 

Evolvulus grisebachii Peter FAC UPL Grisebach's Dwarf-Morning- 

Glory 

Evolvulus sericeus Sw. FACW UPL UPL UPL UPL Silver Dwarf-Morning-Glory 

Excoecaria agallocha L. FAC*



Exocarpos luteolus Forbes FACU Leafy Ballart 

Exothea paniculata (Juss.) Radlk. FACU UPL Butterbough 

Extriplex californica (Moq.) E.H. Zacharias FAC FAC California Mock Saltbush 

Extriplex joaquiniana (A. Nels.) E.H. Zacharias FACU FACU San Joaquin Mock Saltbush 

Fadyenia hookeri (Sweet) Maxon OBL Dotted Fern 

Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Beech 

Falcataria moluccana (Miquel) Barneby & Grimes FACU Peacock's-Plume 

Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A. Löve FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Black-Bindweed 

Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC Corpse Black-Bindweed 

Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Climbing Black-Bindweed 

Fatoua villosa (Thunb.) Nakai FACU FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Hairy Crabweed 

Festuca altaica Trin. FAC FACU Rough Fescue 

Festuca californica Vasey FACU FACU California Fescue 

Festuca idahoensis Elmer FACU UPL FACU Bluebunch Fescue 

Festuca ovina L. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL Sheep Fescue 

Festuca paradoxa Desv. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Clustered Fescue 

Festuca rubra L. FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Red Fescue 

Festuca subulata Trin. FACU FACU UPL FACU Bearded Fescue 

Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) Alexeev FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Nodding Fescue 

Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Krajina UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU Hard Fescue 

Ficaria verna Huds. FAC FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW Eurasian-Buttercup 

Ficus aurea Nutt. FAC Florida Strangler Fig 

Ficus carica L. UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Common Fig 

Ficus citrifolia P. Mill. FACU FACU Wild Banyantree 

Ficus microcarpa L. f. UPL UPL FACU Chinese Banyan 

Ficus trigonata L. FACU Jaguey-Blanco 

Filipendula occidentalis (S. Wats.) T.J. Howell FACW Queen-of-the-Forest 

Filipendula rubra (Hill) B.L. Robins. OBL FACW OBL FACW Queen-of-the-Prairie 

Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim. FACW Queen-of-the-Meadow 

Fimbristylis aestivalis (Retz.) Vahl FACW Summer Fimbry 

Fimbristylis annua (All.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Annual Fimbry 

Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL Slender Fimbry 

Fimbristylis caroliniana (Lam.) Fern. OBL FACW FACW FACW Carolina Fimbry 

Fimbristylis castanea (Michx.) Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Fimbry 

Fimbristylis complanata (Retz.) Link FACW Puerto Rico Fimbry 

Fimbristylis cymosa R. Br. FAC FACW FACU Cymose Fimbry



Fimbristylis decipiens Kral FACW FACW FAC Southern Fimbry 

Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl OBL FACW OBL FACW FAC Forked Fimbry 

Fimbristylis ferruginea (L.) Vahl OBL OBL West Indian Fimbry 

Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Grass-Like Fimbry 

Fimbristylis perpusilla Harper ex Small & Britt. OBL OBL Harper's Fimbry 

Fimbristylis puberula (Michx.) Vahl OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW Hairy Fimbry 

Fimbristylis quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth FACW Five-Angle Fimbry 

Fimbristylis schoenoides (Retz.) Vahl FACW FACW Ditch Fimbry 

Fimbristylis thermalis S. Wats. OBL OBL Hot Springs Fimbry 

Fimbristylis tomentosa Vahl FACW FACW FACW Woolly Fimbry 

Fimbristylis umbellaris (L.) Vahl OBL* 

Fimbristylis vahlii (Lam.) Link OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL FACW Vahl's Fimbry 

Flagellaria indica L. FACU* 

Flaveria brownii A. Powell FACW FACW Brown's Yellowtops 

Flaveria campestris J.R. Johnston FACW FAC FAC FAC FACW Alkali Yellowtops 

Flaveria chlorifolia Gray FACW FACW FACW Clasping Yellowtops 

Flaveria floridana J.R. Johnston FACW Florida Yellowtops 

Flaveria linearis Lag. FACW Narrow-Leaf Yellowtops 

Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C. Mohr FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FACW FAC Clustered Yellowtops 

Fleischmannia incarnata (Walt.) King & H.E. Robins. FACU FAC FAC FAC Pink Slender-Thoroughwort 

Fleischmannia sonorae (Gray) King & H.E. Robins. FAC FAC Sonoran Slender-Thoroughwort 

Flemingia strobilifera (L.) Ait. f. UPL FACU Wild Hops 

Floerkea proserpinacoides Willd. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW False Mermaidweed 

Forestiera acuminata (Michx.) Poir. OBL OBL OBL OBL Eastern Swamp-Privet 

Forestiera ligustrina (Michx.) Poir. FAC FAC FAC Upland Swamp-Privet 

Forestiera pubescens Nutt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Stretchberry 

Forsteronia portoricensis Woods. FACU Leche-de-Perra 

Fothergilla gardenii L. FACW FACW Dwarf Witch-Alder 

Fragaria chiloensis (L.) P. Mill. FACU Beach Strawberry 

Fragaria vesca L. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Woodland Strawberry 

Fragaria virginiana Duchesne FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Virginia Strawberry 

Frangula alnus P. Mill. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC Glossy False Buckthorn 

Frangula betulifolia (Greene) V. Grub. FAC FACU FAC Birch-Leaf False Buckthorn 

Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC Carolina False Buckthorn 

Frangula obovata 

(Kearney & Peebles) Nesom & J.O. 

Sawyer 

FAC 

FAC



Frangula purshiana (DC.) Cooper FACU FACU FAC Cascara False Buckthorn 

Frangula sphaerosperma (Sw.) Kartesz & Gandhi FAC West Indian False Buckthorn 

Frankenia palmeri S. Wats. FACW Palmer's Sea-Heath 

Frankenia salina (Molina) I.M. Johnston FACW FAC FACW Alkali Sea-Heath 

Fraxinus americana L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU White Ash 

Fraxinus berlandieriana DC. FAC FAC Mexican Ash 

Fraxinus caroliniana P. Mill. OBL OBL Carolina Ash 

Fraxinus latifolia Benth. FACW FACW Oregon Ash 

Fraxinus nigra Marsh. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Black Ash 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Green Ash 

Fraxinus profunda (Bush) Bush ex Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Pumpkin Ash 

Fraxinus velutina Torr. FAC FAC FAC Velvet Ash 

Freycinetia arborea Gaud. FACU Ie'ie 

Freycinetia reineckei Warb. FAC* 

Fritillaria agrestis Greene FAC FAC Stinkbells 

Fritillaria camschatcensis (L.) Ker-Gawl. FAC FACW Kamchatka Missionbells 

Fuchsia magellanica Lam. FACU FACU FACU Hardy Fuchsia 

Fuirena breviseta (Coville) Coville OBL OBL OBL Saltmarsh Umbrella Sedge 

Fuirena longa Chapman OBL OBL Coastal-Plain Umbrella Sedge 

Fuirena pumila (Torr.) Spreng. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dwarf Umbrella Sedge 

Fuirena scirpoidea Michx. OBL OBL Southern Umbrella Sedge 

Fuirena simplex Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Western Umbrella Sedge 

Fuirena squarrosa Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hairy Umbrella Sedge 

Fuirena umbellata Rottb. OBL OBL* Yefen 

Funastrum angustifolium (Pers.) Liede & Meve FACW OBL Gulf Coast Twinevine 

Funastrum clausum (Jacq.) Schlechter FACW OBL FACU White Twinevine 

Funastrum cynanchoides (Dcne.) Schlechter FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Fringed Twinevine 

Funkiella confusa (Garay) Szlach., Rutk. & Mytnik FAC FAC Rimrock Ladies'-Braids 

Gahnia beecheyi Mann FACU Forest Saw Sedge 

Gahnia vitiensis Rendle FACW Fijian Saw Sedge 

Gaillardia flava Rydb. FACU FACU Yellow Blanket-Flower 

Gaillardia pulchella Foug. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL Firewheel 

Galactia elliottii Nutt. FACU Elliott's Milk-Pea 

Galactia mollis Michx. FAC FAC Soft Milk-Pea 

Galactia volubilis (L.) Britt. FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC Downy Milk-Pea 

Galax urceolata (Poir.) Brummitt FACU FACU FACU Beetleweed



Galeopsis tetrahit L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Brittle-Stem Hemp-Nettle 

Galinsoga parviflora Cav. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Gallant-Soldier 

Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz & Pavón FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Shaggy-Soldier 

Galium aparine L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Sticky-Willy 

Galium asprellum Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rough Bedstraw 

Galium boreale L. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU Northern Bedstraw 

Galium brevipes Fern. & Wieg. OBL OBL OBL Limestone-Swamp Bedstraw 

Galium circaezans Michx. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Licorice Bedstraw 

Galium concinnum Torr. & Gray UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU Shining Bedstraw 

Galium divaricatum Pourret ex Lam. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Lamarck's Bedstraw 

Galium labradoricum (Wieg.) Wieg. OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Bog Bedstraw 

Galium mexicanum Kunth FAC FAC FAC Mexican Bedstraw 

Galium microphyllum Gray FACU FAC FAC Bracted Bedstraw 

Galium mollugo L. FACU White Bedstraw 

Galium obtusum Bigelow FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Blunt-Leaf Bedstraw 

Galium palustre L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Marsh Bedstraw 

Galium parisiense L. FACU UPL FACU FACU Wall Bedstraw 

Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Stiff Marsh Bedstraw 

Galium trifidum L. OBL FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Three-Petal Bedstraw 

Galium triflorum Michx. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Fragrant Bedstraw 

Galium uncinulatum DC. FAC FAC FAC Bristly Bedstraw 

Galium uniflorum Michx. FACU FACU FACU One-Flower Bedstraw 

Gamochaeta pensylvanica (Willd.) Cabrera FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Pennsylvania Everlasting 

Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Spoon-Leaf Purple Everlasting 

Garcinia portoricensis (Urban) Alain FAC Palo-de-Cruz 

Gardenia taitensis DC. UPL Tahitian Gardenia 

Garnotia stricta Brongn. FAC Blue Lawn Grass 

Gastridium phleoides (Nees & Meyen) C.E. Hubbard FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Nit Grass 

Gaultheria hispidula (L.) Muhl. ex Bigelow FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Creeping-Snowberry 

Gaultheria humifusa (Graham) Rydb. FACW FACU FACW Alpine Spicy-Wintergreen 

Gaultheria ovatifolia Gray FAC FAC Western Teaberry 

Gaultheria procumbens L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Teaberry 

Gaultheria shallon Pursh FAC FACU FACU Salal 

Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch FACU FACU FACU FACU Black Huckleberry 

Gaylussacia bigeloviana (Fern.) Sorrie & Weakley OBL OBL OBL Northern Dwarf Huckleberry 

Gaylussacia dumosa (Andr.) Torr. & Gray FAC FAC FAC Southern Dwarf Huckleberry



Gaylussacia frondosa (L.) Torr. & Gray ex Torr. FAC FAC FAC Blue Huckleberry 

Gaylussacia mosieri Small FACW Woolly Huckleberry 

Gaylussacia nana (Gray) Small UPL FACU Confederate Huckleberry 

Gaylussacia orocola Small OBL Blue Ridge Huckleberry 

Gaylussacia tomentosa (Gray) Pursh ex Small FACU FACU Hairy-Twig Huckleberry 

Gayophytum humile Juss. FAC FAC Dwarf Groundsmoke 

Gayophytum racemosum Torr. & Gray FAC FAC Black-Foot Groundsmoke 

Gelsemium rankinii Small FACW Rankin's Trumpet-Flower 

Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) Ait. f. FAC FAC FACU Evening Trumpet-Flower 

Gentiana affinis Griseb. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Pleated Gentian 

Gentiana alba Muhl. ex Nutt. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Yellow Gentian 

Gentiana algida Pallas FAC FACW FACW FACW Whitish Gentian 

Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Closed Bottle Gentian 

Gentiana autumnalis L. FACW FACW Pine-Barren Gentian 

Gentiana calycosa Griseb. FACW FACW Rainier Pleated Gentian 

Gentiana catesbaei Walt. OBL OBL Elliott's Gentian 

Gentiana clausa Raf. FAC FACW FACW FACW Bottle Gentian 

Gentiana douglasiana Bong. FACW OBL OBL Swamp Gentian 

Gentiana fremontii Torr. FACW OBL FACW Moss Gentian 

Gentiana glauca Pallas FAC FAC FAC Pale Gentian 

Gentiana latidens (House) J. Pringle & Weakley FACW Balsam Mountain Gentian 

Gentiana linearis Froel. OBL OBL FACW Narrow-Leaf Gentian 

Gentiana newberryi Gray FACW FACW Alpine Gentian 

Gentiana parryi Engelm. FAC FACW FAC Parry's Gentian 

Gentiana pennelliana Fern. FACW Wiregrass Gentian 

Gentiana prostrata Haenke FACW FACW FACW Pygmy Gentian 

Gentiana rubricaulis Schwein. OBL OBL OBL Closed Gentian 

Gentiana saponaria L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Harvestbells 

Gentiana sceptrum Griseb. OBL OBL King's-Scepter Gentian 

Gentiana setigera Gray OBL OBL Mendocino Gentian 

Gentianella amarella (L.) Börner FACW FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Autumn Dwarf-Gentian 

Gentianella propinqua (Richards.) J. Gillett FACU FACW FACW Four-Part Dwarf-Gentian 

Gentianella quinquefolia (L.) Small FACW FAC FAC FAC Agueweed 

Gentianella wrightii (Gray) Holub OBL Wright's Dwarf-Gentian 

Gentianopsis barbellata (Engelm.) Iltis FACW FAC FACW Perennial Fringed-Gentian 

Gentianopsis crinita (Froel.) Ma FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Greater Fringed-Gentian



Gentianopsis detonsa (Rottb.) Ma FACW Windmill Fringed-Gentian 

Gentianopsis holopetala (Gray) Iltis OBL OBL Sierran Fringed-Gentian 

Gentianopsis simplex (Gray) Iltis FACW FACW One-Flower Fringed-Gentian 

Gentianopsis thermalis (Kuntze) Iltis FACW OBL FACW Rocky Mountain Fringed- 

Gentian 

Gentianopsis virgata (Raf.) Holub FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Lesser Fringed-Gentian 

Geocaulon lividum (Richards.) Fern. FACU FAC FAC FAC False Toadflax 

Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schlechter FAC* 

Geophila repens (L.) I.M. Johnston FAC Corrida-Yerba-de-Guava 

Geranium caespitosum James FAC FAC FAC Purple Cluster Crane's-Bill 

Geranium californicum G.N. & F.F. Jones FAC FAC California Crane's-Bill 

Geranium erianthum DC. FACU Woolly Crane's-Bill 

Geranium hanaense Medeiros & St. John OBL Maui Crane's-Bill 

Geranium hillebrandii Aedo & Muñoz-Garm. OBL Nohoanu 

Geranium kauaiense (Rock) St. John OBL Kauai Crane's-Bill 

Geranium maculatum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Spotted Crane's-Bill 

Geranium multiflorum Gray FAC Many-Flower Crane's-Bill 

Geranium richardsonii Fisch. & Trautv. FACU FAC FAC White Crane's-Bill 

Geranium robertianum L. FACU Lesser Herbrobert 

Geranium viscosissimum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. FAC FACU FACU Sticky Purple Crane's-Bill 

Gesneria cuneifolia (DC.) Fritsch FAC Yerba-Parrera 

Gesneria pauciflora Urban FACW Yerba-Maricao-de-Cueva 

Gesneria reticulata (Griseb.) Urban FACW Yerba-Neto-Hoja-de-Cueva 

Gesneria viridiflora (Dcne.) Kuntze FACU Grassflower 

Geum aleppicum Jacq. FACW FACU FAC FAC FACU FACW FAC FACW Yellow Avens 

Geum calthifolium Menzies ex Sm. FACW Caltha-Leaf Avens 

Geum canadense Jacq. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU White Avens 

Geum laciniatum Murr. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Rough Avens 

Geum macrophyllum Willd. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Large-Leaf Avens 

Geum peckii Pursh OBL Mountain Avens 

Geum pentapetalum (L.) Makino FACW Aleutian Avens 

Geum rivale L. FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Purple Avens 

Geum rossii (R. Br.) Ser. FACU FACU FACU FACU Ross' Avens 

Geum triflorum Pursh FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Old-Man's-Whiskers 

Geum vernum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Spring Avens 

Geum virginianum L. FACW FAC FACU FACU Cream Avens



Gibasis geniculata (Jacq.) Rohw. FAC Tahitian Bridalveil 

Ginoria rohrii (Vahl) Koehne FACW Bastard-Gregre 

Githopsis diffusa Gray FAC FACW San Gabriel Bluecup 

Githopsis specularioides Nutt. FACU FACU Common Bluecup 

Glandularia tampensis (Nash) Small FACW Tampa Mock Vervain 

Glechoma hederacea L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Groundivy 

Gleditsia aquatica Marsh. OBL OBL OBL OBL Water-Locust 

Gleditsia triacanthos L. FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC Honey-Locust 

Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq. UPL UPL FACU American Silvertop 

Gleichenia linearis (Burm. f.) C.B. Clarke FAC* 

Glinus lotoides L. FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL Lotus Sweetjuice 

Glinus radiatus (Ruiz & Pavón) Rohrb. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Spreading Sweetjuice 

Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp. FACU UPL Quickstick 

Glossostigma cleistanthum W.R. Barker OBL OBL OBL Mudmats 

Glyceria acutiflora Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL Creeping Manna Grass 

Glyceria arkansana Fern. FACW OBL OBL OBL Arkansas Manna Grass 

Glyceria borealis (Nash) Batchelder OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Small Floating Manna Grass 

Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rattlesnake Manna Grass 

Glyceria declinata Brébiss. FACW FACW OBL FACW Waxy Manna Grass 

Glyceria elata (Nash ex Rydb.) M.E. Jones OBL OBL FACW Tall Manna Grass 

Glyceria fluitans (L.) R. Br. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Manna Grass 

Glyceria grandis S. Wats. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Manna Grass 

Glyceria laxa (Scribn.) Scribn. FACW Limp Manna Grass 

Glyceria leptostachya Buckl. OBL OBL OBL Slender-Spike Manna Grass 

Glyceria maxima (Hartman) Holmb. OBL OBL OBL Reed Manna Grass 

Glyceria melicaria (Michx.) F.T. Hubbard OBL OBL OBL OBL Melic Manna Grass 

Glyceria nubigena W.A. Anderson OBL Great Smoky Mountain Manna 

Grass 

Glyceria obtusa (Muhl.) Trin. OBL OBL OBL Atlantic Manna Grass 

Glyceria pulchella (Nash) K. Schum. OBL Mackenzie Valley Manna Grass 

Glyceria septentrionalis A.S. Hitchc. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Floating Manna Grass 

Glyceria striata (Lam.) A.S. Hitchc. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Fowl Manna Grass 

Glyceria X occidentalis (Piper) J.C. Nels. OBL OBL 

Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh FACU FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC American Licorice 

Gnaphalium exilifolium A. Nels. FACW FAC FACW Slender Cudweed 

Gnaphalium palustre Nutt. FACW OBL OBL FACW Western Marsh Cudweed



Gnaphalium polycaulon Pers. FAC Many-Stem Cudweed 

Gnaphalium uliginosum L. FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Marsh Cudweed 

Gomidesia lindeniana Berg FACW Grand-Merisier 

Gomphrena globosa L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Common Globe-Amaranth 

Gonocalyx concolor Nevl. FACU Island Brittleleaf 

Gonocalyx portoricensis (Urban) A.C. Sm. OBL Puerto Rico Brittleleaf 

Gonocarpus chinensis (Lour.) Orchard FAC Chinese Raspwort 

Gonolobus stephanotrichus Griseb. FACW Anglepod 

Gonolobus suberosus (L.) R. Br. FACW FACW FACW FACW Angular-Fruit Anglepod 

Gonzalagunia hirsuta (Jacq.) K. Schum. FACU Mata-de-Mariposa 

Goodmania luteola (Parry) Reveal & Ertter FACW FACW Yellow Spinecape 

Goodyera oblongifolia Raf. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Green-Leaf Rattlesnake-Plantain 

Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. UPL FACU FAC FACU Downy Rattlesnake-Plantain 

Goodyera repens (L.) R. Br. UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Dwarf Rattlesnake-Plantain 

Goodyera tesselata Lodd. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Checkered Rattlesnake-Plantain 

Gordonia lasianthus (L.) Ellis FACW FACW Loblolly-Bay 

Gossypium barbadense L. FACU FACU Creole Cotton 

Gossypium hirsutum L. FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Upland Cotton 

Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urban FAC UPL Whiteroot 

Graphephorum melicoides (Michx.) Desv. FACW FACW 

Graphephorum wolfii (Vasey) Vasey ex Coult. FACU FACW FACU 

Gratiola amphiantha D. Estes & R.L. Small OBL OBL Little Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola aurea Pursh OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Golden Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola brevifolia Raf. FACW FACW FACW Sticky Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola ebracteata Benth. ex A. DC. OBL OBL OBL Bractless Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola flava Leavenworth FACW FAC Yellow Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola floridana Nutt. OBL OBL Florida Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola heterosepala Mason & Bacig. OBL OBL Boggs Lake Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola neglecta Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Clammy Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola quartermaniae D. Estes FAC FAC FAC FAC Quarterman's Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola ramosa Walt. FACW FACW Branched Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola virginiana L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Round-Fruit Hedge-Hyssop 

Gratiola viscidula Pennell OBL OBL OBL Short's Hedge-Hyssop 

Grevillea robusta A. Cunningham ex R. Br. UPL UPL FACU Silk-Oak 

Grindelia camporum Greene FACW FACU FACW Great Valley Gumweed 

Grindelia ciliata (Nutt.) Spreng. FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU Spanishgold



Grindelia fraxinipratensis Reveal & Beatley FACW FACW Ash Meadows Gumweed 

Grindelia hirsutula Hook. & Arn. FACW FACW Hairy Gumweed 

Grindelia integrifolia DC. FACW FACW Puget Sound Gumweed 

Grindelia nana Nutt. FACW FACW Idaho Gumweed 

Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Curly-Cup Gumweed 

Grindelia stricta DC. FACW FACW Oregon Gumweed 

Guapira discolor (Spreng.) Little FAC UPL Beeftree 

Guatteria blainii (Griseb.) Urban FACU Haya-Minga 

Guatteria caribaea Urban FAC Haya-Blanca 

Guettarda elliptica Sw. FACU UPL Hammock Velvetseed 

Guettarda scabra (L.) Vent. FAC UPL Wild Guave 

Guettarda valenzuelana A. Rich. FACU Cucubano-de-Monte 

Gundlachia corymbosa (Urban) Britt. ex Boldingh FAC Yambush 

Gunnera kauaiensis Rock FACW Ape'ape 

Gunnera petaloidea Gaud. FACW Haha 

Gymnocarpium dryopteris (L.) Newman UPL FACU FAC UPL FACU FAC FACU FAC Northern Oak Fern 

Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffmann) Newman FACU FACU FACU Limestone Oak Fern 

Gymnopogon brevifolius Trin. FACU FACU Short-Leaf Skeleton Grass 

Gymnopogon chapmanianus A.S. Hitchc. FACU Chapman's Skeleton Grass 

Gymnosiphon niveus (Griseb.) Urban FAC Puerto Rico Yellowseed 

Gymnosiphon sphaerocarpus Urban FAC Mountain Yellowseed 

Gymnosteris parvula Heller FAC FAC Small-Flower Starlet 

Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq. FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC Spiderwisp 

Gynerium sagittatum (Aubl.) Beauv. FACW Wild Cane 

Habenaria amalfitana Lehmann & Kränzlin FAC Slender False Rein Orchid 

Habenaria distans Griseb. FACW FAC Hammock False Rein Orchid 

Habenaria eustachya Reichenb. f. FAC Woodland False Rein Orchid 

Habenaria floribunda Lindl. FACW Long-Spur False Rein Orchid 

Habenaria monorrhiza (Sw.) Reichenb. f. FACW Tropical False Rein Orchid 

Habenaria quinqueseta (Michx.) Eat. FACW FACW Long-Horn False Rein Orchid 

Habenaria repens Nutt. OBL FACW OBL OBL Water-Spider False Rein Orchid 

Habranthus tubispathus (L'Hér.) Traub FACW FACW Rio Grande Copper-Lily 

Hackelia floribunda (Lehm.) I.M. Johnston FACU FACU FACU FACU Many-Flower Stickseed 

Hackelia micrantha (Eastw.) J.L. Gentry FACU FACU FACU Blue Stickseed 

Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M. Johnston FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Beggar's-Lice 

Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze FAC UPL FAC UPL FAC Pit-Scale Grass



Haenianthus salicifolius Griseb. FACW Palo-de-Hueso 

Hainardia cylindrica (Willd.) W. Greuter UPL FACW FACW Barb Grass 

Halenia deflexa (Sm.) Griseb. FAC FAC FAC FACW American Spurred-Gentian 

Halenia rothrockii Gray FAC FAC FAC Mt. Graham Spurred-Gentian 

Halesia carolina L. FACU FAC FACU FACU Carolina Silverbell 

Halesia diptera Ellis FAC FAC FAC Two-Wing Silverbell 

Halodule wrightii Aschers. OBL OBL OBL Shoalweed 

Halophila baillonis Aschers. ex Dickie OBL Florida Keys Sea-Grass 

Halophila decipiens Ostenf. OBL OBL OBL Caribbean Sea-Grass 

Halophila engelmannii Aschers. OBL OBL OBL Engelmann's Sea-Grass 

Halophila hawaiiana Doty & B.C. Stone OBL Hawaii Sea-Grass 

Halophila johnsonii Eiseman OBL Johnson's Sea-Grass 

Halophila minor (Zoll. ) den Hartog OBL* 

Haloragis erecta (Banks ex Murr.) Oken FAC Erect Seaberry 

Hamamelis ovalis S.W. Leonard FACU Mississippi Witch-Hazel 

Hamamelis vernalis Sarg. FACU FACU FAC FACW Ozark Witch-Hazel 

Hamamelis virginiana L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU American Witch-Hazel 

Hamelia axillaris Sw. FAC Balsamillo 

Hamelia patens Jacq. FACU FAC Scarletbush 

Hammarbya paludosa (L.) Kuntze OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Hapalorchis lineatus (Lindl.) Schlechter FACW Damsel Orchid 

Harperella fluviatilis Rose OBL OBL Gulf River Harperella 

Harperella nodosa Rose OBL OBL Pond Harperella 

Harperella vivipara Rose OBL OBL Atlantic River Harperella 

Harrimanella stelleriana (Pallas) Coville FACW FACU FACU Alaska Bell-Heather 

Harrisia aboriginum Small ex Britt. & Rose FACU Prickly Apple Cactus 

Harrisia simpsonii Small ex Britt. & Rose FACU Simpson's Apple Cactus 

Hartwrightia floridana Gray ex S. Wats. OBL Florida Hartwrightia 

Hastingsia alba (Dur.) S. Wats. OBL OBL White Rush-Lily 

Hastingsia bracteosa S. Wats. OBL Large-Flower Rush-Lily 

Hebeclinium macrophyllum (L.) DC. FACW Turma-de-Toro 

Hedera helix L. FACU English Ivy 

Hedychium coronarium Koenig OBL OBL FAC White Ginger-Lily 

Hedychium flavescens Carey ex Roscoe FAC Cream Ginger-Lily 

Hedychium gardnerianum Shepard ex Ker-Gawl. FACW Kahila Ginger-Lily 

Hedyosmum arborescens Sw. FACW Cigarbush



Hedysarum alpinum L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU Alpine Sweet-Vetch 

Heimia salicifolia (Kunth) Link FACW Shrubby-Yellowcrest 

Helanthium tenellum Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dwarf Burhead Pygmy 

Swordplant 

Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Yellowdicks 

Helenium arizonicum Blake FACW FACW Arizona Sneezeweed 

Helenium autumnale L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Fall Sneezeweed 

Helenium bigelovii Torr. & Gray FACW FACW Bigelow's Sneezeweed 

Helenium bolanderi Gray FACW FACW Coastal Sneezeweed 

Helenium brevifolium (Nutt.) Wood OBL OBL Short-Leaf Sneezeweed 

Helenium campestre Small FAC FAC Oldfield Sneezeweed 

Helenium drummondii H. Rock OBL FACW Fringed Sneezeweed 

Helenium flexuosum Raf. FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC Purple-Head Sneezeweed 

Helenium microcephalum DC. FACW FACW FACW FACW Small-Head Sneezeweed 

Helenium pinnatifidum (Schwein. ex Nutt.) Rydb. OBL OBL Southeastern Sneezeweed 

Helenium puberulum DC. FACW FACW Rosilla 

Helenium thurberi Gray OBL OBL Thurber's Sneezeweed 

Helenium vernale Walt. FACW Savannah Sneezeweed 

Helenium virginicum Blake OBL OBL OBL Virginia Sneezeweed 

Helianthella quinquenervis (Hook.) Gray FACU FACW FACU Nodding Dwarf-Sunflower 

Helianthus agrestis Pollard FACW Southeastern Sunflower 

Helianthus angustifolius L. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW Swamp Sunflower 

Helianthus annuus L. FAC FAC FACU UPL FAC FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Common Sunflower 

Helianthus bolanderi Gray FAC FAC Bolander's Sunflower 

Helianthus californicus DC. OBL OBL California Sunflower 

Helianthus carnosus Small FACW Lakeside Sunflower 

Helianthus ciliaris DC. FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL Texas-Blueweed 

Helianthus debilis Nutt. FAC UPL FAC UPL UPL Cucumber-Leaf Sunflower 

Helianthus decapetalus L. UPL FACU UPL FACU Thin-Leaf Sunflower 

Helianthus exilis Gray FACU FACU Serpentine Sunflower 

Helianthus floridanus Gray ex Chapman FACW Florida Sunflower 

Helianthus giganteus L. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW Giant Sunflower 

Helianthus grosseserratus Martens FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Saw-Tooth Sunflower 

Helianthus heterophyllus Nutt. OBL OBL Variable-Leaf Sunflower 

Helianthus longifolius Pursh FAC FAC Long-Leaf Sunflower 

Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Maximilian Sunflower



Helianthus microcephalus Torr. & Gray UPL UPL FACU FACU Small Woodland Sunflower 

Helianthus nuttallii Torr. & Gray FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Nuttall's Sunflower 

Helianthus occidentalis Riddell FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Few-Leaf Sunflower 

Helianthus paradoxus Heiser FACW FACW FACW Trans-Pecos Sunflower 

Helianthus radula (Pursh) Torr. & Gray FAC Rayless Sunflower 

Helianthus simulans E.E. Wats. FACW FACW FACW Muck Sunflower 

Helianthus strumosus L. FACU Pale-Leaf Woodland Sunflower 

Helianthus tuberosus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Jerusalem-Artichoke 

Helianthus verticillatus Small OBL OBL Whorled Sunflower 

Heliconia bihai (L.) L. FAC FACU Macaw-Flower 

Heliconia caribaea Lam. FACW Lobsterclaw 

Heliconia latispatha Benth. FACU FACU Expanded Lobsterclaw 

Heliconia metallica Planch. & Linden ex Hook. FACU Shining False-Bird-of-Paradise 

Heliconia psittacorum L. f. FAC Parakeet-Flower 

Heliconia stricta Huber FAC Dwarf Jamaican Heliconia 

Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Smooth Oxeye 

Heliotropium angiospermum Murr. FACU UPL UPL Scorpion's-Tail 

Heliotropium anomalum Hook. & Arn. FACU Polynesian Heliotrope 

Heliotropium curassavicum L. OBL FACU FACW OBL OBL FAC OBL OBL OBL Seaside Heliotrope 

Heliotropium glabriusculum (Torr.) Gray FACW FACW Green-Eye Heliotrope 

Heliotropium greggii Torr. FAC FACW FAC Fragrant Heliotrope 

Heliotropium indicum L. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW Indian Heliotrope 

Heliotropium lagoense (Warm.) Guerke FACW Antilles Heliotrope 

Heliotropium molle (Torr.) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Soft Heliotrope 

Heliotropium polyphyllum Lehm. FAC Pineland Heliotrope 

Heliotropium procumbens P. Mill. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Four-Spike Heliotrope 

Heliotropium supinum L. FACU FACU Dwarf Heliotrope 

Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FAC Akan Asante 

Helonias bullata L. OBL OBL OBL Swamp-Pink 

Helosciadium nodiflorum (L.) W.D.J. Koch OBL OBL Fool's-Watercress 

Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E. Hubbard FAC FACW FACW FACW UPL Limpo Grass 

Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU Orange Day-Lily 

Hemidictyum marginatum (L.) K. Presl OBL Half-Net Fern 

Hemieva ranunculifolia (Hook.) Raf. FAC FACW FAC Buttercup Hemieva 

Hemigraphis reptans (G. Forst.) T. Anders. ex Hemsl. UPL UPL FACU Redflame 

Hemiscola aculeata (L.) Raf. FAC FAC FAC



Henriettea fascicularis (Sw.) M. Gómez FAC Camasey-Peludo 

Henriettea macfadyenii (Triana) Alain FACW Macfadyen's Camasey 

Henriettea membranifolia (Cogn.) Alain FACW Thin-Leaf Camasey 

Henriettea squamulosum (Cogn.) Judd FACW Jusillo 

Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier FAC FAC Giant Hogweed 

Heracleum maximum Bartr. FAC FACU FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC American Cow-Parsnip 

Heracleum sphondylium L. UPL UPL UPL FAC Eltrot 

Heritiera littoralis Dry. ex Ait. FACW Looking-Glass Tree 

Hernandia sonora L. FAC UPL* Mago 

Hesperevax caulescens (Benth.) Gray OBL OBL Dwarf Pygmy-Cudweed 

Hesperevax sparsiflora (Gray) Greene FACU FACU Erect Pygmy-Cudweed 

Hesperis matronalis L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Mother-of-the-Evening 

Hesperochiron californicus (Benth.) S. Wats. FACU FACU California Monkey-Fiddle 

Hesperochiron pumilus (Dougl. ex Griseb.) Porter FAC FAC Dwarf Monkey-Fiddle 

Hesperomannia lydgatei Forbes FACU Kauai Island-Aster 

Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacM. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Grass-Leaf Mud-Plantain 

Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Blue Mud-Plantain 

Heteranthera mexicana S. Wats. OBL OBL Mexican Mud-Plantain 

Heteranthera reniformis Ruiz & Pavón OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Kidney-Leaf Mud-Plantain 

Heterocodon rariflorum Nutt. FACW FAC Western Pearlflower 

Heteropogon contortus 

(L.) Beauv. ex Roemer & J.A. UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL Twisted Tanglehead 

Schultes 

Heteropterys laurifolia (L.) A. Juss. FAC Dragon Withe 

Heterospathe elata Scheff. FAC* 

Heterotheca oregona (Nutt.) Shinners FACU FACU Oregon False Golden-Aster 

Heterotheca shevockii (Semple) Semple FACU FACU Shevock's False Golden-Aster 

Heuchera americana L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Alumroot 

Heuchera chlorantha Piper FACU FACU Tall Alumroot 

Heuchera richardsonii R. Br. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Richardson's Alumroot 

Heuchera rubescens Torr. UPL FACU UPL Pink Alumroot 

Hexalectris spicata (Walt.) Barnh. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Spiked Crested-Coralroot 

Hexastylis arifolia (Michx.) Small FAC FAC Little-Brown-Jug 

Hexastylis shuttleworthii (Britten & Baker) Small FACU FACU FACU Large-Flower Heartleaf 

Hexastylis speciosa Harper FACW FACW Harper's Heartleaf 

Hexastylis virginica (L.) Small UPL FACU FACU Virginia Heartleaf 

Hibiscus aculeatus Walt. FACW FACW Comfortroot



Hibiscus arnottianus Gray FACU Native White Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus bifurcatus Cav. FACW Fork-Leaf Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus coccineus Walt. OBL OBL Scarlet Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus dasycalyx Blake & Shiller OBL OBL Neches River Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus furcellatus Lam. FAC FACW FACW Linden-Leaf Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus grandiflorus Michx. OBL Swamp Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus kokio Hbd. ex Wawra FACU Native Red Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus laevis All. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Halberd-Leaf Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus moscheutos L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Crimson-Eyed Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus mutabilis L. FAC FACU Confederate-Rose 

Hibiscus schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook. f. FACU UPL Fringed Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus striatus Cav. OBL OBL Striped Rose-Mallow 

Hibiscus trilobus Aubl. OBL Three-Lobe Rose-Mallow 

Hieracium greenii Porter & Britt. FACU FACU FACU Green's Hawkweed 

Hieracium gronovii L. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Queendevil 

Hieracium triste Willd. ex Spreng. UPL FACU FACU Woolly Hawkweed 

Hillebrandia sandwicensis Oliver FAC Aka'aka'aka 

Hippeastrum striatum (Lam.) H.E. Moore FACU Striped Barbados-Lily 

Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don UPL FACU FACU Madamfate 

Hippocratea volubilis L. FACW FACW Medicine-Vine 

Hippomane mancinella L. FAC FACU Manchineel 

Hippuris montana Ledeb. OBL FACW FACW Mountain Mare's-Tail 

Hippuris tetraphylla L. f. OBL Four-Leaf Mare's-Tail 

Hippuris vulgaris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Mare's-Tail 

Hirtella rugosa Thuill. ex Pers. OBL Teta-de-Burra-Cinarron 

Hirtella triandra Sw. FACU Pigeon-Berry 

Hoffmannseggia glauca (Ortega) Eifert FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Waxy Rush-Pea 

Hohenbergia antillana Mez FAC Antilles Lacebark 

Hoita macrostachya (DC.) Rydb. OBL OBL Large Leather-Root 

Hoita orbicularis (Lindl.) Rydb. OBL OBL Round-Leaf Leather-Root 

Holcus lanatus L. FACU FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Common Velvet Grass 

Holcus mollis L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACW Creeping Velvet Grass 

Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim. FACU FACU Creambush 

Holozonia filipes (Hook. & Arn.) Greene FACU FACU Whitecrown 

Homalium racemosum Jacq. FACU White Cogwood 

Homolepis glutinosa (Sw.) F. Zuloaga & Soderstr. FACW Sticky-Panic Grass



Honckenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. FACU OBL FACU FACU Seaside Sandplant 

Hopia obtusa (Kunth) F. Zuloaga & O. Morrone FACW FACU FACW FAC FACW FACU Vine-Mesquite 

Hordeum arizonicum Covas FAC FAC Arizona Barley 

Hordeum brachyantherum Nevski FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC UPL FACW FACW FACW Meadow Barley 

Hordeum depressum (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Rydb. FACW FACW Dwarf Barley 

Hordeum intercedens Nevski FAC FAC Bob-Tail Barley 

Hordeum jubatum L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Fox-Tail Barley 

Hordeum marinum Huds. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Seaside Barley 

Hordeum murinum L. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FAC Wall Barley 

Hordeum pusillum Nutt. FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Little Barley 

Horkelia bolanderi Gray FAC FAC Border Honeydew 

Horkelia congesta Dougl. ex Hook. FACU FACU Sierran Honeydew 

Horkelia yadonii Ertter FACU Santa Lucia Honeydew 

Hornungia procumbens (L.) Hayek FAC FAC Ovalpurse 

Hosackia alamosana Rose OBL Sonoran Deer-Vetch 

Hosackia gracilis Benth. FACW FACW Harlequin Deer-Vetch 

Hosackia oblongifolia Benth. OBL OBL Streambank Deer-Vetch 

Hosackia pinnata (Hook.) Abrams FACW FACW Meadow Deer-Vetch 

Hosackia rosea Eastw. UPL FACU Rosy Deer-Vetch 

Hottonia inflata Ell. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Featherfoil 

Houstonia caerulea L. FAC FACU FAC FACU Quaker-Ladies 

Houstonia pusilla Schoepf FACU UPL FAC UPL FACU FACU Tiny Bluet 

Houstonia serpyllifolia Michx. FACW FAC Thyme-Leaf Bluet 

Houstonia wrightii Gray FACU FACU FACU Pygmy Bluet 

Houttuynia cordata Thunb. FAC FAC Chameleon 

Howellia aquatilis Gray OBL OBL Water Howellwort 

Humulus japonicus Sieb. & Zucc. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Japanese Hop 

Humulus lupulus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Hop 

Huperzia erosa Beitel & W.H. Wagner FAC Hawaii Fir-Moss 

Huperzia erubescens (Brack.) Holub FACW Oriental Fir-Moss 

Huperzia haleakalae (Brack.) Holub FACU FACU FAC FACU Pacific Fir-Moss 

Huperzia lucidula (Michx.) Trevisan FACW FACW UPL FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW Shining Fir-Moss 

Huperzia nutans (Brack.) Rothm. FACU Nodding Fir-Moss 

Huperzia porophila (Lloyd & Underwood) Holub UPL FACU FACU FACU Rock Fir-Moss 

Huperzia reflexa (Lam.) Trevisan FAC Antilles Fir-Moss 

Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Mart. & Schrank FACU FACU Fir-Moss



Huperzia serrata (Thunb. ex Murr.) Trevisan FACW Toothed Fir-Moss 

Huperzia subintegra (Hbd.) Beitel & W.H. Wagner FAC Kauai Fir-Moss 

Huperzia X carlquistii Beitel & W.H. Wagner FAC 

Huperzia X gillettii Beitel & W.H. Wagner FAC 

Huperzia X koolauensis (W.H. Wagner) Kartesz FAC 

Huperzia X medeirosii Beitel & W.H. Wagner OBL 

Huperzia X sulcinervia (Spring) Trevisan (pro sp.) FAC 

Hura crepitans L. FAC FAC Sandboxtree 

Hybanthus concolor (T.F. Forst.) Spreng. FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Green-Violet 

Hydrangea arborescens L. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Wild Hydrangea 

Hydrangea paniculata Sieb. FAC FAC FAC FAC Panicled Hydrangea 

Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL* OBL OBL Water-Thyme 

Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. OBL OBL OBL Common Frogbit 

Hydrocleys nymphoides (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Buch. OBL OBL Water-Poppy 

Hydrocotyle americana L. OBL OBL OBL OBL American Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle bonariensis Comm. ex Lam. FACW OBL FACW FACW Coastal Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle bowlesioides Mathias & Constance FAC FAC Large-Leaf Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle hirsuta Sw. FACU Yerba-de-Clavo 

Hydrocotyle prolifera Kellogg OBL OBL FAC OBL OBL OBL OBL Proliferous Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle pusilla A. Rich. OBL Tropical Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L. f. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Floating Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Lawn Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle umbellata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Many-Flower Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. OBL OBL FAC OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Whorled Marsh-Pennywort 

Hydrolea capsularis (L.) Druce OBL Prickly False Fiddleleaf 

Hydrolea corymbosa J. Macbr. ex Ell. OBL Skyflower 

Hydrolea ovata Nutt. ex Choisy OBL OBL OBL OBL Ovate False Fiddleleaf 

Hydrolea quadrivalvis Walt. OBL OBL Waterpod 

Hydrolea spinosa L. OBL OBL Spiny False Fiddleleaf 

Hydrolea uniflora Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL One-Flower False Fiddleleaf 

Hydrophyllum canadense L. FACW FACU FACW FAC Blunt-Leaf Waterleaf 

Hydrophyllum fendleri (Gray) Heller FAC FACW FAC Fendler's Waterleaf 

Hydrophyllum occidentale (S. Wats.) Gray FACW FACW Squaw-Lettuce 

Hydrophyllum tenuipes Heller FACW FAC Pacific Waterleaf 

Hydrophyllum virginianum L. FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Shawnee-Salad 

Hyeronima clusioides (Tul.) Griseb. FACU Cedro-Macho



Hygrophila corymbosa (Blume) Lindau OBL Starhorn 

Hygrophila difformis (L. f.) Blume OBL Water-Wisteria 

Hygrophila lacustris (Schlecht. & Cham.) Nees OBL FACW OBL Gulf Swampweed 

Hygrophila polysperma (Roxb.) T. Anders. OBL OBL Miramar-Weed 

Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees OBL OBL West Indian Marsh Grass 

Hymenaea courbaril L. FACU Stinkingtoe 

Hymenocallis choctawensis Traub OBL Choctaw Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis coronaria (Le Conte) Kunth OBL OBL Shoals Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis crassifolia Herbert OBL Coastal Carolina Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis latifolia (P. Mill.) M. Roemer OBL UPL Perfumed Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis liriosme (Raf.) Shinners OBL OBL OBL Spring Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. OBL Tropical Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis occidentalis (Le Conte) Kunth OBL OBL FACW OBL Carolina Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis palmeri S. Wats. OBL Alligator-Lily 

Hymenocallis puntagordensis Traub OBL Punta Gorden Spider-Lily 

Hymenocallis rotata (Ker-Gawl.) Herbert OBL Streambank Spider-Lily 

Hymenophyllum wrightii Bosch FAC Wright's Filmy Fern 

Hymenoxys hoopesii (Gray) Bierner FAC FAC FAC Owl's-Claws 

Hymenoxys texana (Coult. & Rose) Cockerell FACW FACW Prairiedawn 

Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf UPL UPL FAC Jaragua 

Hypericum adpressum Raf. ex W. Bart. OBL OBL OBL OBL Creeping St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum anagalloides Cham. & Schlecht. OBL OBL Tinker's-Penny 

Hypericum ascyron L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Great St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum boreale (Britt.) Bickn. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum brachyphyllum (Spach) Steud. FACW FACW Coastal-Plain St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum buckleyi M.A. Curtis FAC Blueridge St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum canadense L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Lesser Canadian St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum chapmanii P. Adams OBL Apalachicola St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum cistifolium Lam. FACW FACW FACW Round-Pod St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum crux-andreae (L.) Crantz FACW FACU FAC FACU St. Peter's-Wort 

Hypericum densiflorum Pursh FACW FACW FACW Bushy St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum denticulatum Walt. FACW FACW FACW Coppery St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum diosmoides Griseb. FACW Puerto Rico St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum drummondii (Grev. & Hook.) Torr. & Gray FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Nits-and-Lice 

Hypericum edisonianum (Small) P. Adams & Robson OBL Arcadian St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum ellipticum Hook. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pale St. John's-Wort



Hypericum exile P. Adams FACW Florida Sands St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum fasciculatum Lam. FACW FACW FACW Peel-Bark St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum fraseri (Spach) Steud. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Fraser's St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum galioides Lam. OBL OBL OBL Bedstraw St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum gentianoides (L.) B.S.P. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Orange-Grass 

Hypericum graveolens Buckl. FAC Mountain St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum gymnanthum Engelm. & Gray FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL Clasping-Leaf St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU St. Andrew's-Cross 

Hypericum kalmianum L. FACW FACW Kalm's St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum lissophloeus P. Adams OBL Smooth-Bark St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum majus (Gray) Britt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Greater Canadian St. John's- 

Wort 

Hypericum microsepalum (Torr. & Gray) Gray ex S. Wats. FAC Flatwoods St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum mitchellianum Rydb. FACU Blue Ridge St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum mutilum L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Dwarf St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum myrtifolium Lam. FACW Myrtle-Leaf St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum nitidum Lam. OBL OBL Carolina St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum nudiflorum Michx. ex Willd. FACW FACW FACW Early St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum parvulum Greene FAC Sierra Madre St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum perforatum L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FAC UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU Common St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum prolificum L. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Shrubby St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum punctatum Lam. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Spotted St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum scouleri Hook. FACW FACW Scouler's St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum setosum L. FACW OBL Hairy St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum sphaerocarpum Michx. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Round-Seed St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum tenuifolium Pursh FACU FACU Atlantic St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum tetrapetalum Lam. OBL Four-Petal St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum tubulosum Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lesser St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum virgatum Lam. FACU Sharp-Leaf St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum virginicum L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Virginia St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum walteri J.G. Gmel. OBL OBL OBL OBL Greater St. John's-Wort 

Hypericum X dissimulatum Bickn. FACW FACW FACW FACW 

Hypochaeris radicata L. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Hairy Cat's-Ear 

Hypoderris brownii J. Sm. OBL Hair-Vein Fern 

Hypogynium virgatum (Desv. ex Ham.) Dandy FACW West Indian-Bluestem 

Hypolepis hawaiiensis Brownsey FACU Dotted Bead Fern



Hypolepis nigrescens Hook. FACW Black Bead Fern 

Hypolepis repens (L.) K. Presl FACW FACW Bramble Fern 

Hypoxis curtissii Rose FACW FACW Curtiss' Yellow Star-Grass 

Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW Eastern Yellow Star-Grass 

Hypoxis juncea Sm. FACW Fringed Yellow Star-Grass 

Hypoxis rigida Chapman FACW FACW FACW Chapman's Yellow Star-Grass 

Hypoxis sessilis L. FAC FACU FAC Glossy-Seed Yellow Star-Grass 

Hypoxis wrightii (Baker) Brackett FACW FAC FAC FACW Bristle-Seed Yellow Star-Grass 

Hyptis alata (Raf.) Shinners OBL OBL OBL Clustered Bush-Mint 

Hyptis atrorubens Poit. FACW Marubio-Oscuro 

Hyptis capitata Jacq. FAC FAC False Ironwort 

Hyptis lantanifolia Poit. FAC Island Bush-Mint 

Ichnanthus nemorosus (Sw.) Doell FAC Creeping Bed Grass 

Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro ex Benth. FAC Caruzo 

Ilex amelanchier M.A. Curtis ex Chapman OBL OBL Sarvis Holly 

Ilex anomala Hook. & Arn. FACU Hawaii Holly 

Ilex aquifolium L. FACU English Holly 

Ilex cassine L. FACW UPL FACW FAC FACW Dahoon 

Ilex collina Alexander FACW Long-Stalk Holly 

Ilex cookii Britt. & Wilson FACW Te 

Ilex coriacea (Pursh) Chapman FACW FACW FACW Large Gallberry 

Ilex cuthbertii Small FACW FACW Cuthbert's Holly 

Ilex decidua Walt. FACW FACW FAC FACW Deciduous Holly 

Ilex glabra (L.) Gray FACW FAC FACW Inkberry 

Ilex laevigata (Pursh) Gray FACW OBL OBL Smooth Winterberry 

Ilex longipes Chapman ex Trel. FAC FAC FACW Georgia Holly 

Ilex macfadyenii (Walp.) Rehd. FACW Caribbean Holly 

Ilex montana Torr. & Gray ex Gray FACU Mountain Holly 

Ilex myrtifolia Walt. FACW FACW Myrtle Dahoon 

Ilex opaca Ait. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU American Holly 

Ilex sideroxyloides (Sw.) Griseb. FAC Gongolin 

Ilex sintenisii (Urban) Britt. OBL Sintenis' Holly 

Ilex urbaniana Loes. FAC Urban's Holly 

Ilex verticillata (L.) Gray FACW FACW FACW FACW Common Winterberry 

Ilex vomitoria Ait. FAC FAC FAC Yaupon 

Iliamna corei Sherff FAC Core's Wild Hollyhock



Iliamna grandiflora (Rydb.) Wiggins FACW FACW FACW Large-Flower Wild Hollyhock 

Iliamna remota Greene FAC FAC Kankakee-Mallow 

Iliamna rivularis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Greene FACW FAC Streambank Wild Hollyhock 

Illicium floridanum Ellis FACW FACW Florida Anisetree 

Illicium parviflorum Michx. ex Vent. OBL Yellow Anisetree 

Impatiens aurella Rydb. FACW FACW Pale-Yellow Touch-Me-Not 

Impatiens balsamina L. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL Garden-Balsam 

Impatiens capensis Meerb. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Spotted Touch-Me-Not 

Impatiens ecalcarata Blank. FACW FACW Spurless Touch-Me-Not 

Impatiens glandulifera Royle FACW FACW FAC FAC FACW Policeman's-Helmet 

Impatiens noli-tangere L. FACW FACW Western Touch-Me-Not 

Impatiens pallida Nutt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Pale Touch-Me-Not 

Impatiens sodenii Engl. & Warb. ex Engl. FACU Oliver's Touch-Me-Not 

Impatiens walleriana Hook. f. FACW FACU FACW FACU FACW FACW Buzzy-Lizzy 

Imperata brevifolia Vasey FAC FAC FAC FAC California Satintail 

Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. UPL FACU Cogon Grass 

Indigofera hendecaphylla Jacq. FACU FAC Trailing Indigo 

Indigofera lindheimeriana Scheele FAC FAC Lindheimer's Indigo 

Indigofera spicata Forssk. FACU Creeping Indigo 

Indigofera suffruticosa P. Mill. FACU FACU FAC UPL Anil-de-Pasto 

Inula helenium L. UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Elecampane 

Iodanthus pinnatifidus (Michx.) Steud. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Purple-Rocket 

Ipomoea alba L. FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Tropical White Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea amnicola Morong FACW FACW FACW Red-Center Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp-Cabbage 

Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL Ginger-Leaf Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Mile-a-Minute-Vine 

Ipomoea carnea Jacq. FACU UPL FACU Gloria-de-la-Manana 

Ipomoea coccinea L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Redstar 

Ipomoea cordatotriloba Dennst. FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU Tievine 

Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU Ivy-Leaf Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea hederifolia L. FACW FAC UPL UPL Scarlet-Creeper 

Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU Beach Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Ocean-Blue Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea lacunosa L. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Whitestar 

Ipomoea lindheimeri Gray UPL FACU UPL Lindheimer's Morning-Glory



Ipomoea littoralis Blume FACU White-Flower Beach Morning- 

Glory 

Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker-Gawl. FAC Obscure Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea ochracea (Lindl.) G. Don UPL FACU Fence Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Man-of-the-Earth 

Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Bay-Hops 

Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Common Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea quamoclit L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Cypress-Vine 

Ipomoea sagittata Poir. FACW FACW FACW Glade Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea setifera Poir. FACW Bejuco-de-Puerco 

Ipomoea triloba L. FAC FACU UPL FAC Littlebell 

Ipomoea violacea L. FACW FAC FAC Heavenly-Blue Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea wrightii Gray FACW FACW FACW FACW Wright's Morning-Glory 

Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. FAC UPL FAC Juba's-Bush 

Iresine rhizomatosa Standl. FACW FACW FACW FACW Juda's-Bush 

Iris brevicaulis Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Zigzag Iris 

Iris fulva Ker-Gawl. OBL OBL OBL OBL Copper Iris 

Iris giganticaerulea Small OBL Giant Blue Iris 

Iris hartwegii Baker FACU OBL Rainbow Iris 

Iris hexagona Walt. OBL Dixie Iris 

Iris hookeri Penny ex G. Don FACW 

Iris lacustris Nutt. FAC FAC Dwarf Lake Iris 

Iris longipetala Herbert FACW FACW Coast Iris 

Iris missouriensis Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Iris 

Iris prismatica Pursh ex Ker-Gawl. OBL OBL OBL Slender Blue Iris 

Iris pseudacorus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pale-Yellow Iris 

Iris savannarum Small OBL OBL Prairie Iris 

Iris setosa Pallas ex Link FAC Beach-Head Iris 

Iris tridentata Pursh OBL OBL Savannah Iris 

Iris versicolor L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Harlequin Blueflag 

Iris virginica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Virginia Blueflag 

Iris X flexicaulis Small OBL OBL 

Isachne angustifolia Nash OBL Yerba-de-Alambre 

Isachne distichophylla Munro ex Hbd. FAC Ridgetop Blood Grass 

Isachne pallens Hbd. FAC Kauai Blood Grass 

Ischaemum byrone (Trin.) A.S. Hitchc. FACU Hilo Muraina Grass



Ischaemum timorense Kunth FAC Stalk-Leaf Muraina Grass 

Isidrogalvia flava 

(McDaniel) Remizowa, D.D. 

Sokoloff, L.M. Campb., D.W. Stev. 

& Rudall 

OBL 

Harper's-Beauty 

Isocoma acradenia (Greene) Greene FACU FACU Alkali Jimmyweed 

Isocoma arguta Greene FACU Contra Costa Jimmyweed 

Isocoma menziesii (Hook. & Arn.) Nesom FAC FAC Variable Jimmyweed 

Isoetes acadiensis Kott OBL OBL OBL Acadian Quillwort 

Isoetes appalachiana D.F. Brunton & D.M. Britton OBL OBL OBL Appalachian Quillwort 

Isoetes bolanderi Engelm. OBL OBL OBL Bolander's Quillwort 

Isoetes boomii N. Luebke OBL Boom's Quillwort 

Isoetes butleri Engelm. OBL FACW OBL OBL Limestone Quillwort 

Isoetes echinospora Durieu OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Spiny-Spore Quillwort 

Isoetes engelmannii A. Braun OBL OBL OBL OBL Engelmann's Quillwort 

Isoetes flaccida Shuttlw. ex A. Braun OBL Southern Quillwort 

Isoetes flettii (A.A. Eat.) N.E. Pfeiffer OBL Flett's Quillwort 

Isoetes georgiana N. Luebke OBL Georgia Quillwort 

Isoetes hawaiiensis W.C. Taylor & W.H. Wagner OBL Hawaii Quillwort 

Isoetes howellii Engelm. OBL OBL Howell's Quillwort 

Isoetes hyemalis D.F. Brunton OBL OBL Evergreen Quillwort 

Isoetes junciformis D.F. Brunton & D.M. Britton OBL Rush Quillwort 

Isoetes lacustris L. OBL OBL OBL Western Lake Quillwort 

Isoetes lithophila N.E. Pfeiffer OBL Rock Quillwort 

Isoetes louisianensis Thieret OBL Louisiana Quillwort 

Isoetes maritima Underwood OBL OBL Maritime Quillwort 

Isoetes mattaponica L.J. Musselman OBL Mattaponi Quillwort 

Isoetes melanopoda Gay & Durieu ex Durieu OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Black-Foot Quillwort 

Isoetes melanospora Engelm. OBL OBL Black-Spore Quillwort 

Isoetes microvela D.F. Brunton OBL Thin-Wall Quillwort 

Isoetes minima A.A. Eat. FACW OBL Midget Quillwort 

Isoetes nuttallii A. Braun ex Engelm. OBL OBL Nuttall's Quillwort 

Isoetes occidentalis Henderson OBL OBL Western Quillwort 

Isoetes orcuttii A.A. Eat. OBL OBL Orcutt's Quillwort 

Isoetes piedmontana (N.E. Pfeiffer) C.F. Reed OBL OBL OBL Piedmont Quillwort 

Isoetes prototypus D.M. Britt. OBL Spike Quillwort 

Isoetes riparia Engelm. ex A. Braun OBL OBL OBL Shore Quillwort



Isoetes saccharata Engelm. OBL OBL Sugary Quillwort 

Isoetes tegetiformans Rury OBL OBL Merlin's-Grass 

Isoetes tennesseensis N. Luebke & Budke OBL Tennessee Quillwort 

Isoetes tuckermanii A. Braun OBL OBL Tuckerman's Quillwort 

Isoetes valida (Engelm.) Clute OBL OBL OBL True Quillwort 

Isoetes virginica N.E. Pfeiffer OBL Virginia Quillwort 

Isoetes X altonharvillii L.J. Musselman & R.D. Bray OBL 

Isoetes X brittonii Brunton & W.C. Taylor OBL OBL 

Isoetes X bruntonii D.A. Knepper & L.J. Musselman OBL OBL 

Isoetes X dodgei A.A. Eat. (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL 

Isoetes X eatonii Dodge (pro sp.) OBL OBL 

Isoetes X fairbrothersii J.D. Montgomery & W.C. Taylor OBL 

Isoetes X foveolata A.A. Eat. ex Dodge (pro sp.) OBL 

Isoetes X harveyi A.A. Eat. (pro sp.) OBL OBL 

Isoetes X herb-wagneri W.C. Taylor OBL 

Isoetes X hickeyi W.C. Taylor & N. Luebke OBL 

Isoetes X pseudotruncata D.M. Britton & D.F. Brunton OBL 

Isoetes X truncata (A.A. Eat.) Clute (pro sp.) OBL 

Isolepis carinata Hook. & Arn. ex Torr. FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW OBL Keeled Lateral-Bulrush 

Isolepis cernua (Vahl) Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL OBL Low Lateral-Bulrush 

Isolepis prolifera R. Br. OBL Proliferous Lateral-Bulrush 

Isolepis pseudosetacea (Daveau) Gandog. OBL OBL OBL OBL Gulf Coast Lateral-Bulrush 

Isolepis setacea (L.) R. Br. OBL FACW OBL FACW Bristle-Leaf Lateral-Bulrush 

Isotrema tomentosum (Sims) Huber FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Woolly Pipevine 

Isotria medeoloides (Pursh) Raf. FACU FACU FACU FACU Green Five-Leaf Orchid 

Isotria verticillata Raf. FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Purple Five-Leaf Orchid 

Itea virginica L. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Virginia Sweetspire 

Iva annua L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Annual Marsh-Elder 

Iva axillaris Pursh FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Deer-Root 

Iva frutescens L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Jesuit's-Bark 

Iva hayesiana Gray FACW San Diego Marsh-Elder 

Iva imbricata Walt. FACW FACW Seacoast Marsh-Elder 

Iva microcephala Nutt. FACW FACW Small-Head Marsh-Elder 

Ivesia kingii S. Wats. FAC FAC King's Mousetail 

Ivesia lycopodioides Gray FAC FAC Clubmoss Mousetail 

Ivesia pickeringii Torr. ex Gray OBL OBL Silky Mousetail



Ivesia pityocharis Ertter FACW FACW Pine Nut Mountain Mousetail 

Ivesia sericoleuca (Rydb.) Rydb. FAC FAC Plumas Mousetail 

Ixora ferrea (Jacq.) Benth. FAC Palo-de-Hierro 

Jaborosa integrifolia Lam. FAC Springblossom 

Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU Stinking Willie 

Jacquemontia ovalifolia (Vahl ex West) Hallier f. FACW UPL Oval-Leaf Clustervine 

Jacquemontia pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don FAC UPL UPL Sky-Blue Clustervine 

Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. FACU UPL FACU FAC UPL UPL Hairy Clustervine 

Jacquinia keyensis Mez FAC Joewood 

Jamesia americana Torr. & Gray FACU FACU FACU Five-Petal Cliffbush 

Jamesianthus alabamensis Blake & Sherff OBL OBL Alabama Warbonnet 

Jatropha curcas L. UPL UPL FACU Barbados-Nut 

Jatropha gossypiifolia L. UPL UPL FAC Bellyache-Bush 

Jaumea carnosa (Less.) Gray OBL OBL Marsh Jaumea 

Jensia yosemitana (Parry ex Gray) B.G. Baldwin FACU FACU Yosemite Annual-Tarweed 

Juglans californica S. Wats. FAC Southern California Walnut 

Juglans cinerea L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU White Walnut 

Juglans hindsii (Jepson) Jepson ex R.E. Sm. FAC FAC Northern California Walnut 

Juglans major (Torr.) Heller FAC FAC FACW Arizona Walnut 

Juglans microcarpa Berl. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Little Walnut 

Juglans nigra L. UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Black Walnut 

Juncus abortivus Chapman OBL OBL Pine-Barren Rush 

Juncus acuminatus Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Knotty-Leaf Rush 

Juncus acutus L. FACW FACW Spiny Rush 

Juncus albescens (Lange) Fern. FACW OBL OBL OBL Northern White Rush 

Juncus alpinoarticulatus Chaix OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Green Rush 

Juncus anthelatus (Wieg.) R.E. Brooks FACW FACW Kentucky Rush 

Juncus arcticus Willd. OBL Arctic Rush 

Juncus articulatus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Joint-Leaf Rush 

Juncus balticus Willd. OBL OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Baltic Rush 

Juncus biglumis L. OBL OBL OBL Two-Flower Rush 

Juncus bolanderi Engelm. OBL OBL Bolander's Rush 

Juncus brachycarpus Engelm. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW White-Root Rush 

Juncus brachycephalus (Engelm.) Buch. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Small-Head Rush 

Juncus brachyphyllus Wieg. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Short-Leaf Rush 

Juncus brevicaudatus (Engelm.) Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Narrow-Panicle Rush



Juncus breweri Engelm. FACW FACW Brewer's Rush 

Juncus bryoides F.J. Herm. OBL OBL Moss Dwarf Rush 

Juncus bufonius L. FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Toad Rush 

Juncus bulbosus L. OBL Bulbous Rush 

Juncus caesariensis Coville OBL OBL OBL New Jersey Rush 

Juncus canadensis J. Gay ex Laharpe OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Canadian Rush 

Juncus capillaris F.J. Herm. FACW FACW Hairy-Stem Dwarf Rush 

Juncus capitatus Weigel FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Leafy-Bract Dwarf Rush 

Juncus castaneus Sm. FACW FACW OBL FACW Chestnut Rush 

Juncus chlorocephalus Engelm. FACW FACW Green-Head Rush 

Juncus compressus Jacq. OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL Round-Fruit Rush 

Juncus confusus Coville FAC FACW FAC Colorado Rush 

Juncus cooperi Engelm. FACW FACW Cooper's Rush 

Juncus coriaceus Mackenzie FACW FACW OBL FACW Leathery Rush 

Juncus covillei Piper FACW FACW Coville's Rush 

Juncus debilis Gray OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL Weak Rush 

Juncus dichotomus Ell. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Forked Rush 

Juncus diffusissimus Buckl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Slim-Pod Rush 

Juncus digitatus C. Witham & P. Zika OBL OBL Finger Rush 

Juncus drummondii E. Mey. FACW FACW FACW FACW Drummond's Rush 

Juncus dubius Engelm. FACW FACW Mariposa Rush 

Juncus dudleyi Wieg. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Dudley's Rush 

Juncus duranii Ewan OBL Duran's Rush 

Juncus effusus L. OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW Lamp Rush 

Juncus elliottii Chapman OBL FACW Elliott's Rush 

Juncus ensifolius Wikstr. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Dagger-Leaf Rush 

Juncus falcatus E. Mey. FACW FACW FACW Sickle-Leaf Rush 

Juncus filiformis L. FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Thread Rush 

Juncus filipendulus Buckl. FAC FAC FAC Ring-Seed Rush 

Juncus gerardii Loisel. OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Saltmarsh Rush 

Juncus greenei Oakes & Tuckerman FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Greene's Rush 

Juncus gymnocarpus Coville OBL OBL OBL Pennsylvania Rush 

Juncus hallii Engelm. FAC FAC Hall's Rush 

Juncus hemiendytus F.J. Herm. OBL FACW Herman's Dwarf Rush 

Juncus inflexus L. FACW FACW FACW FACW European Blue Rush 

Juncus interior Wieg. FACU FAC FACU FACW FAC FAC FAC Inland Rush



Juncus kelloggii Engelm. FACW FACW Kellogg's Dwarf Rush 

Juncus leiospermus F.J. Herm. OBL OBL Red Bluff Dwarf Rush 

Juncus lescurii Boland. FACW FACW Salt Rush 

Juncus longii Fern. OBL OBL Long's Rush 

Juncus longistylis Torr. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Long-Style Rush 

Juncus luciensis Ertter OBL OBL Santa Lucia Dwarf Rush 

Juncus macrandrus Coville OBL OBL Long-Anther Rush 

Juncus macrophyllus Coville FACW FACW Long-Leaf Rush 

Juncus marginatus Rostk. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Bog Rush 

Juncus megacephalus M.A. Curtis OBL OBL OBL Big-Head Rush 

Juncus mertensianus Bong. OBL OBL OBL OBL Mertens' Rush 

Juncus mexicanus Willd. ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes FACW FACW FACW Mexican Rush 

Juncus militaris Bigelow OBL OBL OBL OBL Bayonet Rush 

Juncus nevadensis S. Wats. FACW FACW FACW Sierran Rush 

Juncus nodatus Coville OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Stout Rush 

Juncus nodosus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Knotted Rush 

Juncus occidentalis (Coville) Wieg. FACW FACW Western Rush 

Juncus orthophyllus Coville FACW FACW Straight-Leaf Rush 

Juncus oxymeris Engelm. FACW FACW Pointed Rush 

Juncus parryi Engelm. FAC FAC Parry's Rush 

Juncus patens E. Mey. FACW FACW Spreading Rush 

Juncus pelocarpus E. Mey. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brown-Fruit Rush 

Juncus phaeocephalus Engelm. FACW FACW FACW Brown-Head Rush 

Juncus planifolius R. Br. FACW FACW New Zealand Rush 

Juncus polyanthemos Buch. OBL Many-Flower Rush 

Juncus polycephalos Michx. OBL OBL OBL Many-Head Rush 

Juncus pylaei Laharpe OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Rush 

Juncus regelii Buch. FACW FACW Regel's Rush 

Juncus repens Michx. OBL OBL OBL Lesser Creeping Rush 

Juncus roemerianus Scheele OBL OBL OBL Roemer's Rush 

Juncus rugulosus Engelm. OBL OBL Wrinkled Rush 

Juncus saximontanus A. Nels. FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Rush 

Juncus scirpoides Lam. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Needle-Pod Rush 

Juncus secundus Beauv. ex Poir. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Lopsided Rush 

Juncus squarrosus L. FACW Mosquito Rush 

Juncus stygius L. OBL OBL OBL Moor Rush



Juncus subcaudatus (Engelm.) Coville & Blake FAC OBL OBL OBL Woodland Rush 

Juncus subnodulosus Schrank OBL Blunt-Flower Rush 

Juncus subtilis E. Mey. OBL Greater Creeping Rush 

Juncus supiniformis Engelm. OBL OBL OBL Hairy-Leaf Rush 

Juncus tenuis Willd. FAC FACW FACW OBL FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Lesser Poverty Rush 

Juncus texanus (Engelm.) Coville OBL OBL Texas Rush 

Juncus textilis Buch. FACW OBL Basket Rush 

Juncus tiehmii Ertter FACW FACW Nevada Rush 

Juncus torreyi Coville FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Torrey's Rush 

Juncus trifidus L. FACU FACU Highland Rush 

Juncus triformis Engelm. FACW FACW Yosemite Dwarf Rush 

Juncus triglumis L. FACW FACW FACW Three-Flower Rush 

Juncus trigonocarpus Steud. OBL OBL OBL Red-Pod Rush 

Juncus uncialis Greene OBL FACW Inch-High Rush 

Juncus validus Coville FACW FACW FACW FACW Round-Head Rush 

Juncus vaseyi Engelm. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Vasey's Rush 

Juncus X oronensis Fern. (pro sp.) FACW 

Juncus xiphioides E. Mey. OBL OBL Iris-Leaf Rush 

Juniperus communis L. FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL Common Juniper 

Juniperus deppeana Steud. FACU FACU FACU Alligator Juniper 

Juniperus horizontalis Moench UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Creeping Juniper 

Juniperus virginiana L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Eastern Red-Cedar 

Justicia americana (L.) Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Water-Willow 

Justicia comata (L.) Lam. OBL Marsh Water-Willow 

Justicia cooleyi Monachino & Leonard FACW Cooley's Water-Willow 

Justicia crassifolia (Chapman) Chapman ex Small OBL Thick-Leaf Water-Willow 

Justicia lanceolata (Chapman) Small OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Justicia martinsoniana Howard OBL Puerto Rico Water-Willow 

Justicia ovata (Walt.) Lindau OBL OBL Loose-Flower Water-Willow 

Kadua affinis DC. FAC Variable Island-Bluet 

Kadua axillaris 

(Wawra) W.L. Wagner & D.H. 

Lorence 

Kadua centranthoides Hook. & Arn. FAC Forest Island-Bluet 

Kadua cordata Cham. & Schlecht. FAC Kopa 

Kadua elatior 

(Mann) W.L. Wagner & D.H. 

Lorence 

FACW 

Uiwi 

FAC 

Manono



Kadua foggiana 

(Fosberg) W.L. Wagner & D.H. 

Lorence 

FACU 

Kauai 

Kadua formosa Hbd. FACW Maui 

Kadua fosbergii 

(W.L. Wagner & D.H. Lorence) W.L. 

Wagner & D.H. Lorence 

FAC 

Fosberg's Island-Bluet 

Kadua littoralis Hbd. FACW Seacliff Island-Bluet 

Kadua tryblium 

(Herbst & W.L. Wagner) W.L. 

FACU 

Kalalau Valley Island-Bluet 

Wagner & D.H. Lorence 

Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. FACU FACU UPL Cathedral-Bells 

Kalmia angustifolia L. FAC FAC FAC Sheep-Laurel 

Kalmia buxifolia (Berg.) Gift & K.A. Kron FACU FACU FACU Sand-Myrtle 

Kalmia carolina Small FACW FAC Carolina-Laurel 

Kalmia cuneata Michx. FACW FACW Whitewicky 

Kalmia hirsuta Walt. FACW Hairy-Laurel 

Kalmia latifolia L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Mountain-Laurel 

Kalmia microphylla (Hook.) Heller OBL OBL OBL Alpine-Laurel 

Kalmia polifolia Wangenh. OBL OBL OBL Bog-Laurel 

Keysseria erici (Forbes) Cabrera OBL Alakai Swamp Island Daisy 

Keysseria helenae (Forbes & Lydgate) Cabrera OBL Mt. Waialeale Island Daisy 

Keysseria maviensis (Mann) Cabrera OBL Howaiaulu Island Daisy 

Kickxia elatine (L.) Dumort. FACU UPL FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Sharp-Leaf Cancerwort 

Kobresia myosuroides (Vill.) Fiori FACU FACU FAC FAC Pacific Bog Sedge 

Kobresia sibirica (Turcz. ex Ledeb.) Boeckl. FACW FAC FAC Siberian Bog Sedge 

Kobresia simpliciuscula (Wahlenb.) Mackenzie FACW FACW FACW Simple Bog Sedge 

Koenigia islandica L. OBL OBL OBL Island-Purslane 

Kosteletzkya depressa (L.) O.J. Blanchard, Fryxell & Bates FAC FAC White Fen-Rose 

Kosteletzkya pentacarpos (L.) Ledeb. OBL OBL OBL OBL Virginia Fen-Rose 

Krigia biflora (Walt.) Blake FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Two-Flower Dwarf-Dandelion 

Krigia caespitosa (Raf.) Chambers FAC FAC FAC FACU Weedy Dwarf-Dandelion 

Krigia dandelion (L.) Nutt. FACU FAC FACU FACU Potato Dwarf-Dandelion 

Krigia virginica (L.) Willd. FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL Virginia Dwarf-Dandelion 

Kumlienia cooleyae (Vasey & Rose) Greene FAC FACW Cooley's False Buttercup 

Kumlienia hystricula (Gray) Greene OBL OBL Waterfall False Buttercup 

Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Korean-Clover 

Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl. FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Japanese-Clover 

Kunzea ericoides (A. Rich.) J. Thompson FACU New Zealand-Teatree



Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW Short-Leaf Spike Sedge 

Kyllinga gracillima Miq. FACU FACU FACW FACW Pasture Spike Sedge 

Kyllinga hyalina (Vahl) T. Koyama FAC Peduncled Spike Sedge 

Kyllinga nemoralis 

(J.R. & G. Forst.) Dandy ex 

Hutchinson & Dalziel 

UPL FAC White-Head Spike Sedge 

Kyllinga odorata Vahl FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Fragrant Spike Sedge 

Kyllinga pumila Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Low Spike Sedge 

Kyllinga tibialis Ledeb. FAC Peruvian Spike Sedge 

Labordia cyrtandrae (Baill.) St. John FACU Koolau Range Labordia 

Labordia degeneri Sherff FACU Degener's Labordia 

Labordia fagraeoidea Gaud. FACW Summit Labordia 

Labordia hedyosmifolia Baill. FAC Bog Labordia 

Labordia hirtella Mann FAC Mountain Labordia 

Labordia hosakana 

(Sherff) W.L. Wagner, Herbst & 

Sohmer 

FACW 

Ridgetop Labordia 

Labordia lydgatei Forbes FAC Wahiawa Mountain Labordia 

Labordia pumila (Hbd.) Skottsberg FACW Kauai Labordia 

Labordia sessilis Gray FACU Thin-Fruit Labordia 

Labordia tinifolia Gray FACU Pale-Flower Labordia 

Labordia venosa Sherff FAC Maui Labordia 

Labordia waialealae Wawra FACW Kamakahala Lau Li'i 

Labordia waiolani Wawra FACU Few-Flower Labordia 

Lachnagrostis filiformis (G. Forst.) Trin. FACU FACW FACU FACU FAC FACW Common Blown Grass 

Lachnanthes caroliniana (Lam.) Dandy OBL OBL OBL Carolina Redroot 

Lachnocaulon anceps (Walt.) Morong FACW OBL OBL White-Head Bogbutton 

Lachnocaulon beyrichianum Sporleder ex Koern. OBL Southern Bogbutton 

Lachnocaulon digynum Koern. FACW Pineland Bogbutton 

Lachnocaulon engleri Ruhl. FACW Engler's Bogbutton 

Lachnocaulon minus (Chapman) Small OBL OBL Small's Bogbutton 

Lackeya multiflora 

(Torr. & Gray) Fortunato, L.P. 

Queiroz & G.P. Lewis 

FAC FAC FACU 

Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fern. FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Wild Blue Lettuce 

Lactuca canadensis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Canadian Blue Lettuce 

Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Woodland Lettuce 

Lactuca graminifolia Michx. UPL FAC UPL FAC UPL UPL FAC Grass-Leaf Lettuce 

Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.) Riddell FAC FAC UPL FACU FACU UPL FAC Louisiana Lettuce



Lactuca saligna L. FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Willow-Leaf Lettuce 

Lactuca serriola L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU Prickly Lettuce 

Lactuca tatarica (L.) C.A. Mey. FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC Russian Blue Lettuce 

Laennecia coulteri (Gray) Nesom FACW FAC FACW FAC Coulter's Woolwort 

Lagenocarpus guianensis Lindl. & Nees OBL Burr Sedge 

Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. f. OBL OBL FACW White Mangrove 

Lamarckia aurea (L.) Moench FACU UPL FACU Golden-Top Grass 

Landoltia punctata 

(G.F.W. Mey.) D.H. Les & D.J. 

Crawford 

OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dotted Duckmeat 

Lantana camara L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Hedgeflower 

Lantana urticoides Hayek FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU West Indian Shrub-Verbena 

Laplacea portoricensis (Krug & Urban) Dyer FACW Nino-de-Cota 

Laportea canadensis (L.) Weddell FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Canadian Wood-Nettle 

Laportea interrupta (L.) Chew FACU Hawaii Wood-Nettle 

Lapsana communis L. FAC UPL FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Nipplewort 

Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW American Larch 

Larix occidentalis Nutt. FACU FACU Western Larch 

Lasianthus lanceolatus (Griseb.) M. Gómez OBL Mata-de-Peo 

Lasthenia burkei (Greene) Greene OBL OBL Burke's Goldfields 

Lasthenia californica DC. ex Lindl. FACU UPL UPL California Goldfields 

Lasthenia chrysantha (Greene ex Gray) Greene FAC FAC Alkali-Sink Goldfields 

Lasthenia conjugens Greene FACW FACW Contra Costa Goldfields 

Lasthenia ferrisiae Ornduff OBL OBL Ferris' Goldfields 

Lasthenia fremontii (Torr. ex Gray) Greene OBL OBL Fremont's Goldfields 

Lasthenia glaberrima DC. OBL OBL Smooth Goldfields 

Lasthenia glabrata Lindl. FACW FACW Yellow-Ray Goldfields 

Lasthenia minor (DC.) Ornduff FACW UPL FACW Coastal Goldfields 

Lasthenia platycarpha (Gray) Greene FACW FACW Alkali Goldfields 

Lastreopsis effusa (Sw.) Tindale FACU False Shield Fern 

Lathyrus hirsutus L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Singletary Vetchling 

Lathyrus japonicus Willd. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Sea Vetchling 

Lathyrus jepsonii Greene OBL OBL Delta Vetchling 

Lathyrus lanszwertii Kellogg UPL FACU UPL Nevada Vetchling 

Lathyrus palustris L. OBL OBL OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Marsh Vetchling 

Lathyrus pratensis L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Meadow Vetchling 

Lathyrus pusillus Ell. FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC Tiny Vetchling



Lathyrus sphaericus Retz. FACU FAC Grass Vetchling 

Lathyrus venosus Muhl. ex Willd. FAC FACU FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Veiny Vetchling 

Layia chrysanthemoides (DC.) Gray FACW FACW Smooth Tidytips 

Layia heterotricha (DC.) Hook. & Arn. FAC FAC Pale-Yellow Tidytips 

Layia munzii Keck FACW FACW Munz's Tidytips 

Leandra krugiana (Cogn.) Judd & Skean FAC Pointed-Tip Angle-Flower 

Leavenworthia aurea Torr. FACU FACU FACU Golden Gladecress 

Leavenworthia texana Mahler FACU Texas Golden Gladecress 

Leavenworthia torulosa Gray OBL Necklace Gladecress 

Leavenworthia uniflora (Michx.) Britt. FAC FAC FACU Michaux's Gladecress 

Lechea torreyi Leggett ex Britt. FACU FACU Sandhill Pinweed 

Leersia hexandra Sw. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Southern Cut Grass 

Leersia lenticularis Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Catchfly Grass 

Leersia monandra Sw. FACW UPL FACW Bunch Cut Grass 

Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rice Cut Grass 

Leersia virginica Willd. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW White Grass 

Legenere limosa (Greene) McVaugh OBL OBL False Venus'-Looking-Glass 

Leitneria floridana Chapman OBL Corkwood 

Lemna aequinoctialis Welw. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lesser Duckweed 

Lemna gibba L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Inflated Duckweed 

Lemna minor L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Duckweed 

Lemna minuta Kunth OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Least Duckweed 

Lemna obscura (Austin) Daubs OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Little Duckweed 

Lemna perpusilla Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Minute Duckweed 

Lemna trisulca L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Ivy-Leaf Duckweed 

Lemna turionifera Landolt OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Turion Duckweed 

Lemna valdiviana Phil. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pale Duckweed 

Leonotis nepetifolia (L.) R. Br. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Christmas-Candlestick 

Leontodon saxatilis Lam. UPL FACU FACU FAC UPL UPL FACU Lesser Hawkbit 

Lepianthes peltata (L.) Raf. FAC FACU Monkey's-Hand 

Lepidaploa borinquensis (Urban) H. Rob. FAC Puerto Rico Longshoot 

Lepidaploa sericea (L.C. Rich.) H. Rob. FAC Longshoot 

Lepidium acutidens (Gray) T.J. Howell FAC FACW 

Lepidium appelianum Al-Shehbaz FAC UPL FAC FAC UPL UPL FACU Globe-Pod Pepperwort 

Lepidium davisii Rollins FACW FACW Davis' Pepperwort 

Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. FACU FACU UPL FAC FAC UPL FAC FACU FACU Miner's Pepperwort



Lepidium dictyotum Gray FAC FACW Alkali Pepperwort 

Lepidium flavum Torr. UPL FAC Yellow Pepperwort 

Lepidium latifolium L. FAC FACW FACW FACU FAC Broad-Leaf Pepperwort 

Lepidium latipes Hook. FACW OBL San Diego Pepperwort 

Lepidium nitidum Nutt. FAC FAC Shining Pepperwort 

Lepidium oxycarpum Torr. & Gray OBL OBL Forked Pepperwort 

Lepidium perfoliatum L. FACU UPL FACU UPL FAC FAC FACU FACU Clasping Pepperwort 

Lepidium thurberi Woot. FACU UPL UPL Thurber's Pepperwort 

Lepidium virginicum L. UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Poorman's-Pepperwort 

Lepidospartum squamatum (Gray) Gray FACU FACU California Scalebroom 

Lepisorus thunbergianus (Kaulfuss) Ching FACU Weeping Fern 

Leptarrhena pyrolifolia (D. Don) R. Br. ex Ser. FACW FACW FACW Pearleaf 

Leptecophylla tameiameiae (Cham. & Schlecht.) C.M.Weiller FAC Pukiawe 

Leptochloa crinita (Lag.) P.M. Peterson & N. Snow FACU FACU FACU FAC UPL False Rhodes Grass 

Leptochloa digitata (R. Br.) Domin OBL Cane Sprangletop 

Leptochloa virgata (L.) Beauv. FAC FACW FAC FAC Tropical Sprangletop 

Leptosiphon bicolor Nutt. UPL FACU True Babystars 

Leptosiphon nuttallii (Gray) J.M. Porter & L.A. Johnson FACU FAC FACU Nuttall's Perennial Gily-Flower 

Leptospermum morrisonii J. Thompson FAC Large-Leaf Yellow Teatree 

Leptospermum scoparium J.R. & G. Forst. FAC Broom Teatree 

Lepturus repens (G. Forst.) R. Br. FACU Pacific Island Thintail 

Lepuropetalon spathulatum Ell. FACW FACW FACW Petiteplant 

Lespedeza angustifolia (Pursh) Ell. FAC FAC FAC Narrow-Leaf Bush-Clover 

Lespedeza capitata Michx. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Round-Head Bush-Clover 

Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G. Don FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL Chinese Bush-Clover 

Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL White Leadtree 

Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Ox-Eye Daisy 

Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt. OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Narrow-Leaf Paleseed 

Leucothoe axillaris (Lam.) D. Don FACW FACW Coastal Doghobble 

Leucothoe davisiae Torr. ex Gray FACW FACW Sierran Doghobble 

Leucothoe fontanesiana (Steud.) Sleumer FACW FACW FACW Highland Doghobble 

Lewisia brachycalyx Engelm. ex Gray FACU FACU Short-Sepal Bitter-Root 

Lewisia cantelovii J.T. Howell OBL OBL Cantelow's Bitter-Root 

Lewisia pygmaea (Gray) B.L. Robins. FACU FACU FACU Alpine Bitter-Root 

Leymus arenarius (L.) Hochst. FACU FACU European Lyme Grass 

Leymus cinereus (Scribn. & Merr.) A. Löve FAC UPL UPL FAC Great Basin Lyme Grass



Leymus condensatus (J. Presl) A. Löve FACU FACU Giant Lyme Grass 

Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilger FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU American Lyme Grass 

Leymus triticoides (Buckl.) Pilger FAC FAC UPL FAC Beardless Lyme Grass 

Liatris acidota Engelm. & Gray FACW FAC Sharp Gayfeather 

Liatris garberi Gray FACW Garber's Gayfeather 

Liatris gracilis Pursh FACU FACU Slender Gayfeather 

Liatris lancifolia (Greene) Kittell FAC FAC FACW FAC Lance-Leaf Gayfeather 

Liatris ligulistylis (A. Nels.) K. Schum. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Strap-Style Gayfeather 

Liatris pycnostachya Michx. FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Cat-Tail Gayfeather 

Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd. UPL FACU UPL UPL Devil's-Bite 

Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. FAC FAC FAC FAC Dense Gayfeather 

Ligusticum canadense (L.) Britt. FAC FAC FAC Canadian Wild Lovage 

Ligusticum canbyi (Coult. & Rose) Coult. & Rose FAC FAC Canby's Wild Lovage 

Ligusticum grayi Coult. & Rose FAC FAC Sheep Wild Lovage 

Ligusticum porteri Coult. & Rose FACU FAC FACU Porter's Wild Lovage 

Ligusticum scoticum L. FAC FAC Scot's Lovage 

Ligusticum tenuifolium S. Wats. FACW FAC FACW Slender-Leaf Wild Lovage 

Ligusticum verticillatum (Hook.) Coult. & Rose ex Rose FACW FACW Idaho Wild Lovage 

Ligustrum japonicum Thunb. FAC FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Japanese Privet 

Ligustrum sinense Lour. FAC UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Chinese Privet 

Ligustrum vulgare L. UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU European Privet 

Lilaeopsis carolinensis Coult. & Rose OBL OBL Carolina Grasswort 

Lilaeopsis chinensis (L.) Kuntze OBL OBL OBL Eastern Grasswort 

Lilaeopsis masonii Mathias & Constance OBL Mason's Grasswort 

Lilaeopsis occidentalis Coult. & Rose OBL OBL OBL Western Grasswort 

Lilaeopsis schaffneriana (Schlecht.) Coult. & Rose OBL Schaffner's Grasswort 

Lilium bolanderi S. Wats. FACW FACW Thimble Lily 

Lilium canadense L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Canadian Lily 

Lilium catesbaei Walt. FACW FACW Southern Red Lily 

Lilium grayi S. Wats. FACU Gray's Lily 

Lilium kelleyanum J.G. Lemmon OBL OBL Kelley's Lily 

Lilium kelloggii Purdy FAC Kellogg's Tiger Lily 

Lilium maritimum Kellogg FACW FACW Coastal Lily 

Lilium michauxii Poir. FAC FAC Carolina Lily 

Lilium michiganense Farw. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Michigan Lily 

Lilium occidentale Purdy FACW Eureka Lily



Lilium pardalinum Kellogg FACW FACW Leopard Lily 

Lilium parryi S. Wats. OBL Lemon Lily 

Lilium parvum Kellogg OBL OBL Sierran Tiger Lily 

Lilium philadelphicum L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Wood Lily 

Lilium pyrophilum Skinner & Sorrie OBL OBL Sandhills Lily 

Lilium superbum L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Turk's-Cap Lily 

Limnanthes alba Hartw. ex Benth. FACW FACW White Meadowfoam 

Limnanthes bakeri J.T. Howell OBL OBL Baker's Meadowfoam 

Limnanthes douglasii R. Br. OBL OBL Douglas' Meadowfoam 

Limnanthes floccosa T.J. Howell OBL OBL Woolly Meadowfoam 

Limnanthes montana Jepson OBL OBL Mountain Meadowfoam 

Limnanthes pumila T.J. Howell OBL OBL 

Limnanthes vinculans Ornduff OBL OBL Cunningham Marsh 

Meadowfoam 

Limnobium laevigatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Heine OBL West Indian Spongeplant 

Limnobium spongia (Bosc) L.C. Rich. ex Steud. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Spongeplant 

Limnophila chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. OBL Rice Paddy Herb 

Limnophila fragrans Seem. OBL* 

Limnophila indica (L.) Druce OBL OBL* Indian Marshweed 

Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume OBL OBL OBL* Asian Marshweed 

Limnophila X ludoviciana Thieret OBL OBL OBL 

Limnosciadium pinnatum (DC.) Mathias & Constance FACW FACW FACW FACW Tansy Dogshade 

Limnosciadium pumilum 

(Engelm. & Gray) Mathias & OBL FACW Prairie Dogshade 

Constance 

Limonium brassicifolium (Webb & Berth.) Kuntze FAC Tree Sea-Lavender 

Limonium californicum (Boiss.) Heller FACW OBL Marsh-Rosemary 

Limonium carolinianum (Walt.) Britt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Carolina Sea-Lavender 

Limonium limbatum Small FACW FACW FACW Trans-Pecos Sea-Lavender 

Limonium ramosissimum (Poir.) Maire FACW Algerian Sea-Lavender 

Limonium sinuatum (L.) P. Mill. FACW FACW FACW Wavy-Leaf Sea-Lavender 

Limosella acaulis Sessé & Moc. OBL OBL OBL Owyhee Mudwort 

Limosella aquatica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Awl-Leaf Mudwort 

Limosella australis R. Br. OBL OBL OBL OBL Welsh Mudwort 

Limosella pubiflora Pennell OBL Chiricahua Mountain Mudwort 

Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Northern Spicebush 

Lindera melissifolia (Walt.) Blume FACW OBL Southern Spicebush



Lindera subcoriacea B.E. Wofford OBL OBL Bog Spicebush 

Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston FACW FACW Sparrow False Pimpernel 

Lindernia crustacea (L.) F. Muell. FACU FAC FACU FACW Malaysian False Pimpernel 

Lindernia diffusa (L.) Wettst. FACW Spreading False Pimpernel 

Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow-Seed False Pimpernel 

Lindernia grandiflora Nutt. OBL Savannah False Pimpernel 

Lindernia monticola Muhl. ex Nutt. OBL OBL Piedmont False Pimpernel 

Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Borb. FACW FACW FACW Prostrate False Pimpernel 

Lindsaea ensifolia Sw. FACU Graceful Necklace Fern 

Lindsaea portoricensis Desv. FACW Puerto Rico Necklace Fern 

Lindsaea repens (Bory) Thwaites FAC Creeping Necklace Fern 

Lindsaea stricta (Sw.) Dry. ex Sm. FACW Small-Stalk Necklace Fern 

Linnaea borealis L. FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU American Twinflower 

Linum arenicola (Small) Winkl. OBL Sand Flax 

Linum carteri Small FACW Carter's Flax 

Linum floridanum (Planch.) Trel. FAC FAC FAC Florida Yellow Flax 

Linum intercursum Bickn. FACU Sandplain Flax 

Linum medium (Planch.) Britt. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Stiff Yellow Flax 

Linum striatum Walt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Ridged Yellow Flax 

Linum virginianum L. FAC FACU FAC FAC Woodland Flax 

Linum westii Rogers OBL West's Flax 

Liparis guamensis Ames FACU* 

Liparis hawaiensis Mann FAC Hawaii Wide-Lip Orchid 

Liparis liliifolia (L.) L.C. Rich. ex Ker-Gawl. FACU FACU FACU FACU Brown Wide-Lip Orchid 

Liparis loeselii (L.) L.C. Rich. FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Yellow Wide-Lip Orchid 

Liparis nervosa (Thunb. ex Murray) Lindl. OBL FACW Pantropical Wide-Lip Orchid 

Lipocarpha aristulata (Coville) G. Tucker FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Awned Halfchaff Sedge 

Lipocarpha drummondii (Nees) G. Tucker OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Drummond's Halfchaff Sedge 

Lipocarpha maculata (Michx.) Torr. FACW OBL OBL American Halfchaff Sedge 

Lipocarpha micrantha (Vahl) G. Tucker FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL Small-Flower Halfchaff Sedge 

Lipocarpha occidentalis (Gray) G. Tucker FACW FACW Western Halfchaff Sedge 

Lipochaeta remyi Gray FACU Annual Nehe 

Lipochaeta succulenta (Hook. & Arn.) DC. FAC Seaside Nehe 

Lippia alba (P. Mill.) N.E. Br. ex Britt. & Wilson FAC FAC FAC Bushy Mat-Grass 

Liquidambar styraciflua L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC Sweet-Gum 

Liriodendron tulipifera L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Tuliptree



Lisianthus laxiflorus Urban FACW Campanilla-Amarilla 

Lithachne pauciflora (Sw.) Beauv. FACU Diente-de-Perro 

Lithophila muscoides Sw. FAC Talustuft 

Litsea aestivalis (L.) Fern. OBL OBL Pondspice 

Littorella americana Fern. OBL OBL American Shoreweed 

Livistona chinensis (Jacq.) R. Br. ex Mart. FACU UPL FACU Chinese Fountain Palm 

Lloydia serotina (L.) Reichenb. FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Alp-Lily 

Lobelia amoena Michx. OBL OBL Southern Lobelia 

Lobelia anatina F. Wimmer FACW FACW FACW Apache Lobelia 

Lobelia appendiculata A. DC. FAC FAC FAC FAC Pale Lobelia 

Lobelia berlandieri A. DC. FAC FAC FAC Berlandier's Lobelia 

Lobelia boykinii Torr. & Gray ex A. DC. OBL OBL Boykin's Lobelia 

Lobelia brevifolia Nutt. ex A. DC. FAC FAC Short-Leaf Lobelia 

Lobelia canbyi Gray OBL OBL Canby's Lobelia 

Lobelia cardinalis L. FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Cardinal-Flower 

Lobelia cliffortiana L. FAC Cardenala-Azul 

Lobelia dortmanna L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Lobelia 

Lobelia dunbarii Rock FAC Waihanau Lobelia 

Lobelia elongata Small OBL OBL Long-Leaf Lobelia 

Lobelia feayana Gray FACW Bay Lobelia 

Lobelia fenestralis Cav. FACU FAC Fringe-Leaf Lobelia 

Lobelia flaccidifolia Small OBL OBL FACW Fold-Ear Lobelia 

Lobelia floridana Chapman OBL Florida Lobelia 

Lobelia gattingeri Gray FAC Gattinger's Lobelia 

Lobelia gaudichaudii A. DC. FACW Koolau Range Lobelia 

Lobelia glandulosa Walt. OBL OBL Glade Lobelia 

Lobelia gloria-montis Rock OBL Bog Lobelia 

Lobelia grayana F. Wimmer FACU Haleakala Lobelia 

Lobelia hillebrandii Rock FACU Maui Lobelia 

Lobelia homophylla F. Wimmer FAC Pineland Lobelia 

Lobelia hypoleuca Hbd. FAC Kuhi'aikamo'owahie 

Lobelia inflata L. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Indian-Tobacco 

Lobelia kalmii L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brook Lobelia 

Lobelia kauaensis (Gray) Heller OBL Lava Lobelia 

Lobelia koolauensis (Hosaka & Fosberg) Lammers FACW 

Lobelia nuttallii J.A. Schultes FACW FACW FACW Nuttall's Lobelia



Lobelia oahuensis Rock FACW Oahu Lobelia 

Lobelia paludosa Nutt. OBL White Lobelia 

Lobelia portoricensis (Vatke) Urban OBL Tibey-Tupa 

Lobelia puberula Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Downy Lobelia 

Lobelia robusta Graham FACW Robust Lobelia 

Lobelia rotundifolia Juss. ex A. DC. OBL Cerro-de-Punta 

Lobelia siphilitica L. OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL Great Blue Lobelia 

Lobelia spicata Lam. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Pale-Spike Lobelia 

Lobelia villosa (Rock) St. John & Hosaka FACW Alakai Swamp Lobelia 

Loiseleuria procumbens (L.) Desv. FACU FACW FACW FACW Alpine-Azalea 

Lolium perenne L. FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Perennial Rye Grass 

Lomagramma guianensis (Aubl.) Ching FACW Guiana Fern 

Lomariopsis amydrophlebia (Slosson ex Maxon) Holttum OBL Royal Fringed Fern 

Lomariopsis kunzeana (K. Presl ex Underwood) Holttum FAC UPL Holly-Leaf Fringed Fern 

Lomatium bicolor (S. Wats.) Coult. & Rose FACU UPL FACU Wasatch Desert-Parsley 

Lomatium bradshawii 

(Rose ex Mathias) Mathias & 

FACW Bradshaw's Desert-Parsley 

Constance 

Lomatium caruifolium (Hook. & Arn.) Coult. & Rose FACW FACW Alkali Desert-Parsley 

Lomatium cookii J.S. Kagan OBL FACW Agate Desert-Parsley 

Lomatium nudicaule (Pursh) Coult. & Rose UPL FACU Indian-Consumption-Plant 

Lomatogonium rotatum (L.) Fries ex Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh-Felwort 

Lonchitis hirsuta L. OBL Tomato Fern 

Lonchocarpus heptaphyllus (Poir.) DC. FAC Savonette 

Lonchocarpus sericeus (Poir.) Kunth ex DC. FACW Geno-Geno 

Lonicera canadensis Bartr. ex Marsh. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Fly-Honeysuckle 

Lonicera cauriana Fern. FAC FAC Sweet-Berry Honeysuckle 

Lonicera conjugialis Kellogg FAC FAC Purple-Flower Honeysuckle 

Lonicera dioica L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Limber Honeysuckle 

Lonicera hirsuta Eat. FAC FAC FAC FAC Hairy Honeysuckle 

Lonicera hispidula (Lindl.) Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray FACU FACU Pink Honeysuckle 

Lonicera involucrata (Richards.) Banks ex Spreng. FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Four-Line Honeysuckle 

Lonicera japonica Thunb. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU UPL FACU FACU FAC Japanese Honeysuckle 

Lonicera morrowii Gray FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Morrow's Honeysuckle 

Lonicera oblongifolia (Goldie) Hook. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp Fly-Honeysuckle 

Lonicera sempervirens L. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Trumpet Honeysuckle 

Lonicera tatarica L. FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Twinsisters



Lonicera utahensis S. Wats. FAC FACU FAC Rocky Mountain Honeysuckle 

Lonicera villosa (Michx.) J.A. Schultes FACW FACW FACW FACW Mountain Fly-Honeysuckle 

Lonicera X bella Zabel UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU 

Lophiola aurea Ker-Gawl. OBL Goldencrest 

Lophosoria quadripinnata (Gmel.) C. Christens. FACW Diamond-Leaf Fern 

Lorandersonia linifolia 

(Greene) Urbatsch, R.P. Roberts & 

Neubig 

FAC FAC Spear-Leaf False Geesewood 

Lotus corniculatus L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Garden Bird's-Foot-Trefoil 

Lotus tenuis Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Narrow-Leaf Bird's-Foot-Trefoil 

Lotus uliginosus Schkuhr FACU FACU FACU FAC Large Bird's-Foot-Trefoil 

Lucya tetrandra (L.) K. Schum. FAC False Bluet 

Ludwigia alata Ell. OBL Winged Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia alternifolia L. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Seedbox 

Ludwigia arcuata Walt. OBL OBL Pond Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia bonariensis (M. Micheli) Hara OBL Carolina Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia brevipes 

(B.H. Long ex Britt., A. Braun & 

Small) Eames 

OBL OBL Long Beach Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia curtissii Chapman OBL Curtiss' Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia decurrens Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Wing-Leaf Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia erecta (L.) Hara OBL OBL Yerba-de-Jicotea 

Ludwigia glandulosa Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Cylindric-Fruit Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia grandiflora (M. Micheli) Greuter & Burdet OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Large-Flower Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia hirtella Raf. FACW OBL OBL Spindleroot 

Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell FACW* 

Ludwigia lanceolata Ell. OBL Lance-Leaf Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Angle-Stem Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia linearis Walt. OBL OBL OBL Narrow-Leaf Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia linifolia Poir. OBL Southeastern Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia maritima Harper FACW FACW Seaside Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia microcarpa Michx. OBL OBL Small-Fruit Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven OBL OBL OBL OBL Mexican Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) Raven OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Floating Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia peruviana (L.) Hara OBL OBL OBL OBL Peruvian Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia pilosa Walt. OBL OBL OBL Hairy Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia polycarpa Short & Peter OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Many-Fruit Primrose-Willow



Ludwigia ravenii Peng OBL Raven's Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia repens J.R. Forst. OBL OBL UPL OBL OBL OBL OBL Creeping Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia spathulata Torr. & Gray OBL OBL Spoon Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia sphaerocarpa Ell. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Globe-Fruit Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia suffruticosa Walt. OBL OBL Shrubby Primrose-Willow 

Ludwigia virgata Michx. OBL OBL Savannah Primrose-Willow 

Luetkea pectinata (Pursh) Kuntze UPL FACU FACU Partridgefoot 

Lumnitzera littorea Voigt OBL* 

Lunania ekmanii Urban FACW Mendrina 

Lupinus arcticus S. Wats. FACU FACU FACU Arctic Lupine 

Lupinus covillei Greene FACU FACU Shaggy Lupine 

Lupinus hybridus Lem. FACW Hybrid Lupine 

Lupinus kingii S. Wats. UPL FAC UPL King's Lupine 

Lupinus latifolius Lindl. ex J.G. Agardh FACW FAC FAC Broad-Leaf Lupine 

Lupinus nootkatensis Donn ex Sims FACU Nootka Lupine 

Lupinus padre-crowleyi C.P. Sm. FACU FACU Father Crowley's Lupine 

Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Blue-Pod Lupine 

Lupinus prunophilus M.E. Jones FACU FACU FACU Hairy Big-Leaf Lupine 

Lupinus rivularis Dougl. ex Lindl. FACU FAC River-Bank Lupine 

Luziola bahiensis (Steud.) A.S. Hitchc. OBL Brazilian Water Grass 

Luziola fluitans (Michx.) Terrell & H. Robins. OBL OBL OBL Southern Water Grass 

Luziola peruviana Juss. ex J.F. Gmel. FACW Peruvian Water Grass 

Luzula acuminata Raf. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Hairy Wood-Rush 

Luzula arcuata (Wahlenb.) Sw. FACU UPL UPL Curved Wood-Rush 

Luzula bulbosa (Wood) Smyth & Smyth FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Bulbous Wood-Rush 

Luzula campestris (L.) DC. FAC FAC Field Wood-Rush 

Luzula comosa E. Mey. FAC FAC FAC FAC Pacific Wood-Rush 

Luzula confusa Lindeberg FAC FAC Northern Wood-Rush 

Luzula congesta (Thuill.) Lej. FAC Heath Wood-Rush 

Luzula echinata (Small) F.J. Herm. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Hedgehog Wood-Rush 

Luzula groenlandica Böcher FACW Greenland Wood-Rush 

Luzula hawaiiensis Buch. FACU Hawaii Wood-Rush 

Luzula multiflora (Ehrh.) Lej. FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Common Wood-Rush 

Luzula nivalis (Laestad.) Beurling FAC Arctic Wood-Rush 

Luzula pallidula J. Kirschner FAC Pale European Wood-Rush 

Luzula parviflora (Ehrh.) Desv. FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC Small-Flower Wood-Rush



Luzula rufescens Fisch. ex E. Mey. FACW Rufous Wood-Rush 

Luzula spicata (L.) DC. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Spiked Wood-Rush 

Luzula subcapitata (Rydb.) Harrington OBL OBL OBL Colorado Wood-Rush 

Luzula subcongesta (S. Wats.) Jepson FACW FACW Donner Wood-Rush 

Luzula wahlenbergii Rupr. OBL Wahlenberg's Wood-Rush 

Lycium carolinianum Walt. FACW FACW Carolina Desert-Thorn 

Lycium sandwicense Gray FACU Hawaii Desert-Thorn 

Lycium torreyi Gray FAC Squawthorn 

Lycopodiella alopecuroides (L.) Cranfill OBL FACW OBL FACW Fox-Tail Club-Moss 

Lycopodiella appressa (Chapman) Cranfill OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW Southern Appressed Club-Moss 

Lycopodiella inundata (L.) Holub OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Bog Club-Moss 

Lycopodiella margueritae J.G. Bruce, W.H. Wagner, & Beitel FACW Prostrate Club-Moss 

Lycopodiella prostrata (Harper) Cranfill OBL OBL OBL Feather-Stem Club-Moss 

Lycopodiella subappressa J.G. Bruce, W.H. Wagner, & Beitel FACW Northern Appressed Club-Moss 

Lycopodiella X copelandii (Eig.) Cranfill FACW FACW FACW 

Lycopodium clavatum L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Running Ground-Pine 

Lycopodium lagopus 

(Laestad. ex Hartm.) Zinserl. ex 

Kuzen 

FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Single-Cone Ground-Pine 

Lycopodium venustulum Gaud. FACU Hair-Tip Ground-Pine 

Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Bart. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Cut-Leaf Water-Horehound 

Lycopus amplectens Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL Clasping Water-Horehound 

Lycopus asper Greene OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rough Water-Horehound 

Lycopus cokeri Ahles ex Sorrie OBL OBL Carolina Water-Horehound 

Lycopus europaeus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Gypsywort 

Lycopus rubellus Moench OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Taper-Leaf Water-Horehound 

Lycopus uniflorus Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Water-Horehound 

Lycopus virginicus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Virginia Water-Horehound 

Lycopus X sherardii Steele (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Lygodium japonicum (Thunb. ex Murr.) Sw. FAC UPL FAC FACW FACU FAC Japanese Climbing Fern 

Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. FACW Old World Climbing Fern 

Lygodium palmatum (Bernh.) Sw. FACW FACW FACW FACW American Climbing Fern 

Lyonia ferruginea (Walt.) Nutt. FACU Rusty Staggerbush 

Lyonia fruticosa (Michx.) G.S. Torr. FACW Coastal-Plain Staggerbush 

Lyonia ligustrina (L.) DC. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Maleberry 

Lyonia lucida (Lam.) K. Koch FACW FACW Shinyleaf 

Lyonia mariana (L.) D. Don FAC FAC FAC FAC Piedmont Staggerbush



Lysichiton americanus Hultén & St. John OBL OBL OBL Yellow-Skunk-Cabbage 

Lysiloma watsonii Rose FACU Little-Leaf False Tamarind 

Lysimachia arvensis (L.) U. Manns & A. Anderb. FACU FAC UPL UPL FACW FACU FACU FACU FAC Scarlet Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia asperulifolia Poir. OBL OBL Rough-Leaf Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia ciliata L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Fringed Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia daphnoides (Gray) Hbd. OBL Lehua Makanoe 

Lysimachia filifolia Forbes FAC Narrow-Leaf Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia forbesii Rock FACU Castle Trail Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia fraseri Duby FAC FAC Fraser's Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia glutinosa Rock FACU Kokee Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia hillebrandii Hook. f. ex Gray FAC Puahekili 

Lysimachia hybrida Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lowland Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia iniki Marr FAC Wailua River Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia lanceolata Walt. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Lance-Leaf Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia loomisii Torr. OBL OBL Loomis' Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia maritima (L.) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Sea-Milkwort 

Lysimachia mauritiana Lam. FAC Spoon-Leaf Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia minima (L.) U. Manns & A. Anderb. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACU FACW Chaffweed 

Lysimachia nummularia L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Creeping-Jenny 

Lysimachia ovoidea St. John FACU Wainiha Valley Island- 

Loosestrife 

Lysimachia pendens Marr FACW Broad-Leaf Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia pumila Poepp. ex R. Knuth FACW Florida Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia punctata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Large Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia quadriflora Sims OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL Four-Flower Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia quadrifolia L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Whorled Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia radicans Hook. OBL OBL FACW OBL Trailing Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia remyi Hbd. FACW Rockface Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia terrestris (L.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swampcandles 

Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tufted Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia venosa (Wawra) St. John OBL Veiny Island-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia vulgaris L. FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Garden Yellow-Loosestrife 

Lysimachia X producta (Gray) Fern. (pro sp.) FAC FAC FAC FAC 

Lythrum alatum Pursh OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Wing-Angle Loosestrife 

Lythrum californicum Torr. & Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL California Loosestrife 

Lythrum curtissii Fern. OBL Curtiss' Loosestrife



Lythrum flagellare Shuttlw. ex Chapman OBL Florida Loosestrife 

Lythrum hyssopifolium L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hyssop Loosestrife 

Lythrum lineare L. OBL OBL OBL Saltmarsh Loosestrife 

Lythrum maritimum Kunth FAC Pukamole 

Lythrum ovalifolium Koehne FACW Low Loosestrife 

Lythrum portula (L.) D.A. Webb OBL OBL OBL Spatula-Leaf Loosestrife 

Lythrum salicaria L. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Purple Loosestrife 

Lythrum tribracteatum Salzm. ex Spreng. OBL OBL Three-Bract Loosestrife 

Macaranga mappa (L.) Muell.-Arg. FAC Pengua 

Macaranga thompsonii Merr. FACU* 

Macbridea alba Chapman FACW White Birds-in-a-Nest 

Macbridea caroliniana (Walt.) Blake OBL OBL Carolina Birds-in-a-Nest 

Machaerina angustifolia (Gaud.) T. Koyama FAC Polynesian Twig-Rush 

Machaerina mariscoides (Gaud.) J. Kern FAC Tropical Twig-Rush 

Machaerina restioides (Sw.) Vahl OBL Forest Twig-Rush 

Machaerium lunatum (L. f.) Ducke OBL Palo-de-Hoz 

Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid. FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Osage-Orange 

Macranthera flammea (Bartr.) Pennell OBL OBL Flameflower 

Macroptilium atropurpureum (Moc. & Sessé ex DC.) Urban FACU FACU UPL FACU FAC Purple Bush-Bean 

Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urban FACU FACU FACU Wild Bush-Bean 

Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaud.) Ching FACW FACU OBL FACU FACU False Maiden Fern 

Madia glomerata Hook. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Mountain Tarplant 

Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. FACU Cucumber-Tree 

Magnolia ashei Weatherby FACU Ashe's Magnolia 

Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre FACU Joy Perfume Tree 

Magnolia fraseri Walt. FACU FACU Fraser's Magnolia 

Magnolia grandiflora L. FAC UPL FACU FAC Southern Magnolia 

Magnolia portoricensis Bello FACU Puerto Rico Magnolia 

Magnolia splendens Urban FACW Laurel Magnolia 

Magnolia tripetala (L.) L. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Umbrella Magnolia 

Magnolia virginiana L. FACW FACW OBL FACW Sweet-Bay 

Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Holly-Leaf Oregon-Grape 

Mahonia nervosa (Pursh) Nutt. FACU Cascade Oregon-Grape 

Maianthemum canadense Desf. FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU False Lily-of-the-Valley 

Maianthemum dilatatum (Wood) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. FAC FAC FAC Two-Leaf False Solomon's-Seal 

Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Feathery False Solomon's-Seal



Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link FACU FAC FACU FACW FACU FAC FAC FAC Starry False Solomon's-Seal 

Maianthemum trifolium (L.) Sloboda OBL OBL OBL OBL Three-Leaf False Solomon's- 

Seal 

Malachra alceifolia Jacq. FAC FAC Yellow Leafbract 

Malachra capitata (L.) L. UPL FACU FACU Malva-de-Caballo 

Malachra fasciata Jacq. UPL FACU Roadside Leafbract 

Malacothamnus abbottii (Eastw.) Kearney FACW Monterey Bush-Mallow 

Malacothamnus davidsonii (B.L. Robins.) Greene FACU FACU Sand Bush-Mallow 

Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW White Adder's-Mouth Orchid 

Malaxis spicata Sw. OBL FACW Florida Adder's-Mouth Orchid 

Malaxis unifolia Michx. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Green Adder's-Mouth Orchid 

Malephora crocea (Jacq.) Schwant. FACU Coppery-Mesemb 

Malus fusca (Raf.) Schneid. FACW FAC FACW Oregon Crabapple 

Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Three-Lobe False Mallow 

Malvaviscus arboreus Dill. ex Cav. FAC FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Wax-Mallow 

Malvaviscus penduliflorus DC. FAC UPL FAC FACU Mazapan 

Malvella leprosa (Ortega) Krapov. FACU FAC FACU Alkali-Mallow 

Mammea americana L. FAC Mammee-Apple 

Mangifera indica L. UPL UPL FACU Mango 

Manilkara bidentata (A. DC.) Chev. FAC Bulletwood 

Manilkara jaimiqui (C. Wright) Dubard FAC UPL Wild Dilly 

Marattia douglasii (K. Presl) Baker FACU Hawaii Potato Fern 

Marcgravia rectiflora Triana & Planch. FACU Bejuco-de-Lira 

Marcgravia sintenisii Urban OBL Shingleplant 

Margaritaria nobilis L. f. FACU Bastard Hogberry 

Marlierea sintenisii Kiaersk. OBL Beruquillo 

Marrubium vulgare L. FACU FAC FACU UPL FACU UPL FAC FACU FACU White Horehound 

Marshallia caespitosa Nutt. ex DC. FACU FACU FAC UPL Puffballs 

Marshallia graminifolia (Walt.) Small OBL OBL OBL Grass-Leaf Barbara's-Buttons 

Marshallia grandiflora Beadle & F.E. Boynt. FAC Monongahela Barbara's-Buttons 

Marshallia mohrii Beadle & F.E. Boynt. FACW FACW Mohr's Barbara's-Buttons 

Marshallia ramosa Beadle & F.E. Boynt. FACU FACU Southern Barbara's-Buttons 

Marshallia trinervia (Walt.) Trel. FACU FACU Broad-Leaf Barbara's-Buttons 

Marsilea ancylopoda A. Braun OBL Blunt-Spine Water-Clover 

Marsilea crenata K. Presl OBL False Pepperwort 

Marsilea hirsuta R. Br. FACW Bristly Water-Clover



Marsilea macropoda Engelm. ex A. Braun OBL OBL Big-Foot Water-Clover 

Marsilea minuta L. OBL OBL Dwarf Water-Clover 

Marsilea mollis B.L. Robins. & Fern. OBL OBL Chihuahuan Water-Clover 

Marsilea mutica Mett. OBL OBL Australian Water-Clover 

Marsilea oligospora Goodding OBL OBL OBL Pacific Water-Clover 

Marsilea polycarpa Hook. & Grev. OBL Guayanan Water-Clover 

Marsilea quadrifolia L. OBL OBL OBL OBL European Water-Clover 

Marsilea vestita Hook. & Grev. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hairy Water-Clover 

Marsilea villosa Kaulfuss OBL Villous Water-Clover 

Matelea sintenisii (Schlechter) Woods. FACU Sintenis' Milkvine 

Matricaria discoidea DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Pineapple-Weed 

Matricaria occidentalis Greene FACW FACW Valley Mayweed 

Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW Ostrich Fern 

Mayaca fluviatilis Aubl. OBL OBL OBL Stream Bog-Moss 

Maytenus phyllanthoides Benth. FAC FAC Florida Mayten 

Maytenus thompsonii (Merr.) Fosberg FACU* 

Mazus pumilus (Burm. f.) Steenis FAC FACW FACU FAC UPL UPL UPL FACW Japanese Mazus 

Mecardonia acuminata (Walt.) Small FACW OBL FACW OBL Axil-Flower 

Mecardonia procumbens (P. Mill.) Small OBL FACW FACW FACW Baby-Jump-Up 

Mecodium recurvum (Gaud.) Copeland FACW Ohi'a ku 

Meconella oregana Nutt. FAC FAC White Fairy-Poppy 

Mecranium latifolium (Cogn.) Skean FACW Camasey-Almendre 

Medeola virginiana L. FACU Indian Cucumber-Root 

Medicago lupulina L. UPL FAC FAC FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Black Medick 

Medicago polymorpha L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Toothed Medick 

Medicago sativa L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Alfalfa 

Medicago truncatula Gaertn. FACU Barrel Medick 

Medinilla venosa (Blume) Blume FACU Holdtight 

Meehania cordata (Nutt.) Britt. FACU Meehan's-Mint 

Megalastrum subincisa (Willd.) A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran FACW Jag-Leaf Jungle Fern 

Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K. Simon & S.W.L. Jacobs FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Guinea Grass 

Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake FAC FACW FAC Punktree 

Melampodium perfoliatum (Cav.) Kunth FAC Perfoliate Blackfoot 

Melampyrum lineare Desr. FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC American Cow-Wheat 

Melanolepis multiglandulosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Rchb. & Zoll. FAC* 

Melanthera nivea (L.) Small FACU FACU FACU FACU Snow Squarestem



Melastoma candidum D. Don FAC Indian-Rhododendron 

Melastoma malabathricum L. FACU FACU Malabar Melastome 

Melia azedarach L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU China-Berry 

Melica bulbosa Geyer ex Porter & Coult. FACU FACU Onion Grass 

Melica spectabilis Scribn. FAC FAC Showy Melic Grass 

Melicope anisata (Mann) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACU Mokihana 

Melicope christophersenii (St. John) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACU Waianae Range Melicope 

Melicope clusiifolia (Gray) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FAC Kukaemoa 

Melicope cruciata (Heller) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FAC Pilo 'Ula 

Melicope degeneri 

(B.C. Stone) T.G. Hartley & B.C. 

Stone 

FACU 

Kokee Stream Melicope 

Melicope feddei (Levl.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACW Hiiaka 

Melicope kavaiensis (Mann) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACW Kauai Melicope 

Melicope lydgatei (Hbd.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FAC Lydgate's Melicope 

Melicope oahuensis (Levl.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACU Oahu Melicope 

Melicope orbicularis (Hbd.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACU Honokahua Melicope 

Melicope paniculata (St. John) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACW Lihue Melicope 

Melicope pseudoanisata (Rock) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FAC Kohala Summit Melicope 

Melicope puberula (St. John) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACU Hairy Melicope 

Melicope quadrangularis 

(St. John & Hume) T.G. Hartley & 

FAC 

Four-Angle Melicope 

B.C. Stone 

Melicope rotundifolia (Gray) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACU Round-Leaf Melicope 

Melicope sessilis (Levl.) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FACU Maui Melicope 

Melicope volcanica (Gray) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FAC Volcanic Melicope 

Melicope waialealae (Wawra) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone OBL Alani Wai 

Melicope wawraeana (Rock) T.G. Hartley & B.C. Stone FAC Monoa Melicope 

Melilotus indicus (L.) All. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Indian Sweet-Clover 

Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Yellow Sweet-Clover 

Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Creeping Molasses Grass 

Meliosma herbertii Rolfe FAC Aguacatillo 

Meliosma obtusifolia (Bello) Krug & Urban FAC Cacaillo 

Melissa officinalis L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Lemonbalm 

Melochia corchorifolia L. FAC FAC FACU Chocolate-Weed 

Melochia pyramidata L. FAC FAC FACU FAC Pyramid-Flower 

Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell FAC FACW Bretonica-Peluda 

Melochia villosissima (K. Presl) Merr. FACU*



Melothria pendula L. FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Guadeloupe-Cucumber 

Menispermum canadense L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC Canadian Moonseed 

Mentha aquatica L. OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Water Mint 

Mentha arvensis L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW American Wild Mint 

Mentha pulegium L. OBL OBL OBL FAC OBL Pennyroyal 

Mentha spicata L. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACU FACW FACW FACW Spearmint 

Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACU FAC FAC FACW Apple Mint 

Mentha X gracilis Sole (pro sp.) FAC FACW OBL OBL OBL 

Mentha X piperita L. (pro sp.) FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW 

Mentha X rotundifolia (L.) Huds. (pro sp.) FACU 

Mentha X villosa Huds. (pro sp.) OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL FAC OBL 

Mentzelia leucophylla Brandeg. FAC Ash Meadows Blazingstar 

Menyanthes trifoliata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Buck-Bean 

Menziesia ferruginea Sm. FACU FACU FACU Fool's-Huckleberry 

Menziesia pilosa (Michx. ex Lam.) Juss. ex Pers. FACU FAC Minniebush 

Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f. FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Noyau-Vine 

Merrilliodendron megacarpum (Hemsl.) Sleumer FAC* 

Mertensia bella Piper FACW FACW Oregon Bluebells 

Mertensia ciliata (James ex Torr.) G. Don FACW FACW FACW Tall Fringe Bluebells 

Mertensia eastwoodiae J.F. Macbr. FACU Eastwood's Bluebells 

Mertensia franciscana Heller OBL FACW FACW Franciscan Bluebells 

Mertensia maritima (L.) S.F. Gray FAC FACW Oysterleaf 

Mertensia oblongifolia (Nutt.) G. Don FAC FAC FAC Languid-Lady 

Mertensia paniculata (Ait.) G. Don FACU FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Tall Bluebells 

Mertensia virginica (L.) Pers. ex Link FAC FACW FACW FAC Virginia Bluebells 

Mertensia viridis (A. Nels.) A. Nels. FACU UPL FACU Green Bluebells 

Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L. f. FAC FAC Heart-Leaf Iceplant 

Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. FAC FACU FAC Crystalline Iceplant 

Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum L. FAC FAC Slender-Leaf Iceplant 

Mesosphaerum pectinatum (L.) Kuntz UPL FAC UPL 

Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntz FACU UPL Pignut 

Metopium toxiferum (L.) Krug & Urban FAC FACU Florida Poisontree 

Metrosideros macropus Hook. & Arn. FAC Ohi'a Lehua 

Metrosideros polymorpha Gaud. FAC Ohi'a 

Metrosideros rugosa Gray FACW Lehua Papa 

Metrosideros tremuloides (Heller) P. Knuth FAC Lehua 'Ahihi



Metrosideros waialealae (Rock) Rock FACW Kauai Bottlebrush 

Miconia affinis DC. FACW Saquiyac 

Miconia calvescens DC. UPL FAC Devil's-Scourge 

Miconia foveolata Cogn. OBL Puerto Rico Johnny-Berry 

Miconia impetiolaris (Sw.) D. Don ex DC. FACU Camasey-de-Costilla 

Miconia laevigata (L.) D. Don FACU Smooth Johnny-Berry 

Miconia mirabilis (Aubl.) L.O. Williams FACU Camasey-Cuatrocanales 

Miconia pachyphylla Cogn. OBL Camasey-Racimoso 

Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC. FAC Granadillo-Bobo 

Miconia pycnoneura Urban OBL Ridge Johnny-Berry 

Miconia racemosa (Aubl.) DC. FACW Camasey-Felpa 

Miconia rubiginosa (Bonpl.) DC. FAC Peralejo 

Miconia serrulata (DC.) Naud. FACU Jau-Jau 

Miconia sintenisii Cogn. FACW Mountain Johnny-Berry 

Miconia subcorymbosa Britt. FACW Forest Johnny-Berry 

Miconia tetrandra (Sw.) D. Don FAC Rajador 

Miconia tetrastoma Naud. FACW Graceful Johnny-Berry 

Miconia thomasiana DC. FACW Camasey-Tomaso 

Micranthemum glomeratum (Chapman) Shinners OBL Manatee Mudflower 

Micranthemum micranthemoides (Nutt.) Wettst. OBL OBL OBL Nuttall's Mudflower 

Micranthemum umbrosum (J.F. Gmel.) Blake OBL OBL OBL OBL Shade Mudflower 

Micranthes aprica (Greene) Small FACW FAC Sierran Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes californica (Greene) Small FACW FACW California Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes careyana (Gray) Small FAC Golden-Eye Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes caroliniana (Gray) Small FACW Carolina Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes ferruginea (Graham) Brouillet & Gornall FAC FAC OBL FAC Russet-Hair Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes foliolosa (R. Br.) Gornall FACW OBL OBL Leafy-Stem Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes hieraciifolia (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Haw. FAC Stiff-Stem Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes howellii (Greene) Small FAC FAC Howell's Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes integrifolia (Hook.) Small FACW FACW Columbian Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes lyallii (Engl.) Small FACW FACW OBL FACW Red-Stem Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes marshallii (Greene) Small OBL FACW Hupa Valley Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes micranthidifolia (Haw.) Small OBL OBL Lettuce-Leaf Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes nelsoniana (D. Don) Small FAC FAC FAC Heart-Leaf Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes nidifica (Greene) Small FACW FAC FACW Peak Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes nudicaulis (D. Don) Gornall & H. Ohba FACW Naked-Stem Pseudosaxifrage



Micranthes occidentalis (S. Wats.) Small UPL FAC FAC FAC Mountain Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes odontoloma (Piper) Heller FACW FACW FACW Streambank Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes oregana (T.J. Howell) Small OBL OBL FACW Bog Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes palmeri (Bush) Bush FAC FAC FACU Palmer's Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes pensylvanica (L.) Haw. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL Eastern Swamp 

Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes petiolaris (Raf.) Bush FACU Michaux's Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes porsildiana 

(Calder & Savile) Elven & D.F. 

Murray 

FAC FAC Porsild's Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes rhomboidea (Greene) Small FACW FAC FAC Diamond-Leaf Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes texana (Buckl.) Small FAC FAC FACW FAC Texas Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes tolmiei (Torr. & Gray) Brouillet & Gornall FACU FAC FAC Tolmie's Alpine Pseudosaxifrage 

Micranthes virginiensis (Michx.) Small FAC FAC FACU FACU Early Pseudosaxifrage 

Microchilus hirtellus (Sw.) D. Dietr. FAC Cuban False Helmet Orchid 

Microchilus plantagineus (L.) D. Dietr. FAC Caribbean False Helmet Orchid 

Microlaena stipoides (Labill.) R. Br. FAC Weeping Grass 

Microlepia speluncae (L.) T. Moore FACU Limp-Leaf Fern 

Microlepia strigosa (Thunb.) K. Presl FACU Palapalai 

Microlepia X adulteriana W.H. Wagner FACU 

Micropholis garciniifolia Pierre OBL Caimitillo-Verde 

Micropholis guyanensis (A. DC.) Pierre FACW Wild Balata 

Micropolypodium nimbatum (Jenman) A.R. Sm. OBL West Indian Dwarf-Polypody 

Micropus californicus Fisch. & C.A. Mey. FACU FACU Slender Cottonseed 

Microseris borealis (Bong.) Schultz-Bip. OBL OBL OBL Northern Silverpuffs 

Microseris douglasii (DC.) Schultz-Bip. FACU UPL UPL Douglas' Silverpuffs 

Microseris laciniata (Hook.) Schultz-Bip. FACU FACU Cut-Leaf Silverpuffs 

Microsorum spectrum (Kaulfuss) Copeland FACU Triploid Fern 

Microstachys corniculata (Vahl) Griseb. UPL FAC Hato-Tejas 

Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Japanese Stilt Grass 

Microsteris gracilis (Hook.) Greene UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU Annual-Phlox 

Microtea debilis Sw. FAC Weak Jumby-Pepper 

Mikania batatifolia DC. OBL 

Mikania congesta DC. FACW Guaco 

Mikania cordifolia (L. f.) Willd. FACW FAC Florida Keys Hempvine 

Mikania odoratissima Urban FAC Fragrant Hempvine 

Mikania porosa Urban FAC Puerto Rico Hempvine



Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. FACW FACW FACW FAC* OBL OBL Climbing Hempvine 

Mikania stevensiana Britt. FAC Maricao River Hempvine 

Milium effusum L. FACU FACU American Millet Grass 

Mimetanthe pilosa (Benth.) Greene FACW FACW False Monkey-Flower 

Mimosa casta L. FACW Graceful Mimosa 

Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright FAC FAC Giant False Sensitive-Plant 

Mimosa malacophylla Gray FACW FACW Soft-Leaf Mimosa 

Mimosa pellita Kunth ex Willd. FAC FAC Lollipop Mimosa 

Mimosa pudica L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Shameplant 

Mimosa strigillosa Torr. & Gray FAC FAC Powderpuff 

Mimulus alatus Ait. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sharp-Wing Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus alsinoides Dougl. ex Benth. OBL OBL Wing-Stem Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus angustatus (Gray) Gray OBL OBL Purple-Lip Pansy Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus bicolor Hartw. ex Benth. FACU FACU Yellow-and-White Monkey- 

Flower 

Mimulus breviflorus Piper FACW FACW Short-Flower Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus breweri (Greene) Coville FACU FACU Brewer's Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus cardinalis Dougl. ex Benth. FACW FACW Scarlet Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus congdonii B.L. Robins. FAC FAC Congdon's Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus dentatus Nutt. ex Benth. OBL OBL Coastal Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus dentilobus B.L. Robins. & Fern. OBL OBL Tooth-Petal Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus douglasii (Benth.) Gray FACW FACW Brownies 

Mimulus eastwoodiae Rydb. OBL OBL Eastwood's Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus exiguus Gray FACU San Bernardino Mountain 

Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus filicaulis S. Wats. FACW FACW Slender-Stem Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus floribundus Lindl. OBL OBL OBL OBL Purple-Stem Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus glabratus Kunth OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Round-Leaf Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus glaucescens Greene OBL OBL Shield-Bract Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus guttatus DC. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Seep Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus inconspicuus Gray FACU FACU Small-Flower Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus laciniatus Gray FAC FAC Cut-Leaf Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus latidens (Gray) Greene OBL OBL Broad-Tooth Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus lewisii Pursh FACW FACW FACW Great Purple Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus michiganensis (Pennell) Posto & Prather OBL Michigan Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus moschatus Dougl. ex Lindl. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Muskflower



Mimulus nanus Hook. & Arn. FACU FACU Dwarf Purple Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus nudatus Curran ex Greene OBL OBL Bare Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus parishii Greene FACU FACU Parish's Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus primuloides Benth. FACW OBL Yellow Creeping Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus pulchellus (E. Drew ex Greene) A.L. Grant FACW FACW Yellow-Lip Pansy Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus purpureus A.L. Grant FACU Little Purple Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus pygmaeus A.L. Grant OBL OBL Egg Lake Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus ringens L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Allegheny Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus rubellus Gray FAC FACW FAC Little Red-Stem Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus suksdorfii Gray FACU FACW FACU Miniature Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus tilingii Regel OBL OBL OBL OBL Subalpine Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus tricolor Hartw. ex Lindl. OBL OBL Tricolor Monkey-Flower 

Mimulus washingtonensis Gandog. OBL OBL Washington Monkey-Flower 

Minuartia californica (Gray) Mattf. FACU FACU California Stitchwort 

Minuartia glabra (Michx.) Mattf. FACW UPL UPL UPL Appalachian Stitchwort 

Minuartia godfreyi (Shinners) McNeill FACW FACW Godfrey's Stitchwort 

Minuartia muscorum (Fassett) Rabeler FACU FACU FACU FACU Dixie Stitchwort 

Minuartia obtusiloba (Rydb.) House FACU FACU FACU FACU Alpine Stitchwort 

Minuartia patula (Michx.) Mattf. FAC UPL FAC FACU UPL Pitcher's Stitchwort 

Minuartia rubella (Wahlenb.) Hiern. FAC FACU FAC UPL FACU Boreal Stitchwort 

Minuartia stricta (Sw.) Hiern. FAC FAC FAC FAC Bog Stitchwort 

Minuartia uniflora (Walt.) Mattf. FACW FACW One-Flower Stitchwort 

Mirabilis jalapa L. FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Marvel-of-Peru 

Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacM. FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU Heart-Leaf Four-O'clock 

Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. UPL FACW FACU FACU UPL UPL FACW Chinese Silver Grass 

Mitchella repens L. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Partridge-Berry 

Mitella diphylla L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Two-Leaf Bishop's-Cap 

Mitella nuda L. FAC FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Bare-Stem Bishop's-Cap 

Mitella stauropetala Piper FAC FAC FAC Side-Flower Bishop's-Cap 

Mitellastra caulescens (Nutt.) T.J. Howell FAC FAC Mock Millerwort 

Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Tropical Girdlepod 

Mitreola angustifolia (Torr. & Gray) J. Nelson FAC Narrow-Leaf Hornpod 

Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & Gray FACW OBL FACW FACW Lax Hornpod 

Mitreola sessilifolia (J.F. Gmel.) G. Don FACW FACW FACW Swamp Hornpod 

Modiola caroliniana (L.) G. Don FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Carolina Bristle-Mallow 

Moehringia lateriflora (L.) Fenzl FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Blunt-Leaf Grove-Sandwort



Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench FACU FACU FACU Purple Moor Grass 

Mollugo cerviana (L.) Ser. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC Thread-Stem Carpetweed 

Mollugo verticillata L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Green Carpetweed 

Momordica charantia L. UPL FAC UPL FAC FACU Balsam-Pear 

Monarda clinopodia L. FACU FACU White Bergamot 

Monarda didyma L. FAC FAC UPL FACU FAC Scarlet Beebalm 

Monarda fistulosa L. FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU Oswego-Tea 

Monarda punctata L. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Spotted Beebalm 

Monardella australis Abrams FACU Southern Mountainbalm 

Monardella linoides Gray FACU FACU Flax-Leaf Mountainbalm 

Monardella odoratissima Benth. FACU UPL UPL Alpine Mountainbalm 

Monardella viminea Greene FACU Willowy Mountainbalm 

Moneses uniflora (L.) Gray FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU Single-Delight 

Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) K. Presl ex Kunth OBL OBL OBL Heart-Shape False Pickerelweed 

Monolepis nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) Greene FACU FAC FAC UPL FAC UPL UPL FAC Nuttall's Poverty-Weed 

Monolopia congdonii (Gray) B.G. Baldwin FACU FACU San Joaquin Woollythread 

Monotropa uniflora L. FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU One-Flower Indian-Pipe 

Montia bostockii (Porsild) Welsh FACW Bostock's Candy-Flower 

Montia chamissoi (Ledeb. ex Spreng.) Greene OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Chamisso's Candy-Flower 

Montia dichotoma (Nutt.) T.J. Howell FAC FAC Dwarf Candy-Flower 

Montia fontana L. OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW Fountain Candy-Flower 

Montia howellii S. Wats. FACW FAC Howell's Candy-Flower 

Montia linearis (Dougl. ex Hook.) Greene FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Linear-Leaf Candy-Flower 

Montia parvifolia (Moc. ex DC.) Greene FACW FACW FACW FAC Little-Leaf Candy-Flower 

Morella californica (Cham.) Wilbur FACW FACW Pacific Bayberry 

Morella caroliniensis (P. Mill.) Small FACW FAC FAC Evergreen Bayberry 

Morella cerifera (L.) Small FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Southern Bayberry 

Morella holdridgeana (Lundell) Kartesz FAC Palo-de-Cera 

Morella inodora (Bartr.) Small OBL Odorless Bayberry 

Morella pensylvanica (Mirbel) Kartesz FAC FAC FAC FAC Northern Bayberry 

Morinda citrifolia L. UPL FACU FACU Painkiller 

Moringa oleifera Lam. FACU UPL Horseradish-Tree 

Morus alba L. FACU FACU UPL FACU UPL FAC FACU FACU White Mulberry 

Morus microphylla Buckl. FACU UPL FACU Texas Mulberry 

Morus rubra L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Red Mulberry 

Mosla dianthera (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Maxim. FACU FACU Miniature-Beefsteakplant



Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC. FACU Sea-Bean 

Mucuna urens (L.) Medik. FAC Oxeye-Bean 

Muhlenbergia andina (Nutt.) A.S. Hitchc. FAC FAC FAC Fox-Tail Muhly 

Muhlenbergia asperifolia (Nees & Meyen ex Trin.) Parodi FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Alkali Muhly 

Muhlenbergia californica Vasey FACW California Muhly 

Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. FAC OBL FACU FACU FACU FACU Hair-Awn Muhly 

Muhlenbergia eludens C.G. Reeder UPL FAC UPL Gravel-Bar Muhly 

Muhlenbergia expansa (Poir.) Trin. FACW FACW FACW Spreading Muhly 

Muhlenbergia filiformis (Thurb. ex S. Wats.) Rydb. FACW FACW FACW Pullup Muhly 

Muhlenbergia frondosa (Poir.) Fern. FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Wire-Stem Muhly 

Muhlenbergia glabrifloris Scribn. FACU Smooth Muhly 

Muhlenbergia glomerata (Willd.) Trin. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Spiked Muhly 

Muhlenbergia lindheimeri A.S. Hitchc. FACW Lindheimer's Muhly 

Muhlenbergia mexicana (L.) Trin. FAC FAC FACW FACW UPL FACW FACW FAC Mexican Muhly 

Muhlenbergia minutissima (Steud.) Swallen FAC FAC FAC Least Muhly 

Muhlenbergia montana (Nutt.) A.S. Hitchc. UPL FACU UPL Mountain Muhly 

Muhlenbergia pectinata C.O. Goodding OBL Comb-Top Muhly 

Muhlenbergia racemosa (Michx.) B.S.P. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACU FACW Green Muhly 

Muhlenbergia ramulosa (Kunth) Swallen FACU FACU FACU Ponderosa Muhly 

Muhlenbergia reverchonii Vasey & Scribn. FAC FAC FAC Seep Muhly 

Muhlenbergia richardsonis (Trin.) Rydb. FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC Matted Muhly 

Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. FAC FACU UPL Deer Grass 

Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmel. FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Nimblewill 

Muhlenbergia sericea (Michx.) P.M. Peterson OBL FAC FACU Slender Muhly 

Muhlenbergia sylvatica (Torr.) Torr. ex Gray FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Woodland Muhly 

Muhlenbergia tenuiflora (Willd.) B.S.P. FACU Slim-Flower Muhly 

Muhlenbergia torreyana (J.A. Schultes) A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW New Jersey Muhly 

Muhlenbergia uniflora (Muhl.) Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Muhly 

Muhlenbergia utilis (Torr.) A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW FACW FACW Aparejo Grass 

Muhlenbergia wrightii Vasey ex Coult. FACU FACU FACU FACU Wright's Muhly 

Muntingia calabura L. UPL UPL FACU FACU Strawberry-Tree 

Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Maz. OBL OBL OBL Wart-Removing-Herb 

Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan FAC FACW FAC FACW FACU FACW Naked-Stem Dewflower 

Murdannia spirata (L.) Bruckner FAC Asiatic Dewflower 

Musa acuminata Colla FACW Edible Banana 

Musa troglodytarum L. FACU Fe'i Banana



Musa X paradisiaca L. (pro sp.) UPL FAC FACU 

Myoporum laetum G. Forst. FACU UPL Ngaio-Tree 

Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC FACU FACU Rough Forget-Me-Not 

Myosotis asiatica 

(Vesterg.) Schischkin & 

Sergievskaja 

FAC FAC FAC FAC Asian Forget-Me-Not 

Myosotis discolor Pers. FAC FACW UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FAC Yellow Scorpion-Grass 

Myosotis laxa Lehm. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bay Forget-Me-Not 

Myosotis macrosperma Engelm. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Large-Seed Forget-Me-Not 

Myosotis scorpioides L. OBL FAC FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW True Forget-Me-Not 

Myosotis sylvatica Ehrh. ex Hoffmann UPL FAC UPL FACW UPL UPL FAC Woodland Forget-Me-Not 

Myosotis verna Nutt. FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Spring Forget-Me-Not 

Myosoton aquaticum (L.) Moench FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC Giant-Chickweed 

Myosurus apetalus C. Gay OBL FACW OBL Bristly Mousetail 

Myosurus cupulatus S. Wats. FAC FAC Arizona Mousetail 

Myosurus minimus L. FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FAC OBL Tiny Mousetail 

Myosurus sessilis S. Wats. FACW FACW Vernal-Pool Mousetail 

Myrcia citrifolia (Aubl.) Urban FACU Red Rodwood 

Myrcia deflexa (Poir.) DC. FACU Cieneguillo 

Myrcia fallax (L.C. Rich.) DC. FACW Curame 

Myrcia leptoclada DC. FAC Guayabacon 

Myrcia margarettae (Alain) Alain OBL Margarett's Rodwood 

Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC. FAC Punchberry 

Myrica gale L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sweetgale 

Myrica hartwegii S. Wats. FAC FAC Sierran-Bayberry 

Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC. OBL Alternate-Flower Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Parrot's-Feather 

Myriophyllum farwellii Morong OBL OBL OBL OBL Farwell's Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Two-Leaf Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum hippuroides Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL Western Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum humile (Raf.) Morong OBL OBL OBL OBL Low Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum laxum Shuttlw. ex Chapman OBL OBL Loose Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walt.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Cut-Leaf Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum quitense Kunth OBL OBL Andean Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum sibiricum Komarov OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Siberian Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum spicatum L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Eurasian Water-Milfoil 

Myriophyllum tenellum Bigelow OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Slender Water-Milfoil



Myriophyllum verticillatum L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Whorled Water-Milfoil 

Myrsine coriacea 

(Sw.) R. Br. ex Roemer & J.A. 

Schultes 

FACU 

Leathery Colicwood 

Myrsine cubana A. DC. FAC FAC Guianese Colicwood 

Myrsine degeneri Hosaka FAC Summit Colicwood 

Myrsine denticulata (Wawra) Hosaka FACW Bog Colicwood 

Myrsine emarginata (Rock) Hosaka FAC Mountain Colicwood 

Myrsine fernseei (Mez) Hosaka FACW Streambank Colicwood 

Myrsine fosbergii Hosaka FAC Koolau Range Colicwood 

Myrsine helleri (O.& I. Deg.) St. John FACW Wahiawa Bog Colicwood 

Myrsine juddii Hosaka FACW Cloudswept Colicwood 

Myrsine kauaiensis Hbd. FAC Kauai Colicwood 

Myrsine lessertiana A. DC. FACU Kolea Lau Nui 

Myrsine linearifolia Hosaka FACU Narrow-Leaf Colicwood 

Myrsine petiolata Hosaka FAC Swamp Colicwood 

Myrsine punctata (Levl.) Wilbur FACW Dotted Colicwood 

Myrsine sandwicensis A. DC. FAC Kokea Lau Li'i 

Myrsine vaccinioides W.L. Wagner, Herbst & Sohmer FACW Violet Lake Colicwood 

Myrsine wawraea (Mez) Hosaka FACW Mt. Kahili Colicwood 

Nabalus albus (L.) Hook. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU White Rattlesnake-Root 

Nabalus altissimus (L.) Hook. UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU Tall Rattlesnake-Root 

Nabalus autumnalis (Walt.) Weakley FAC FAC Slender Rattlesnake-Root 

Nabalus crepidineus (Michx.) DC. UPL FACU FAC FAC Nodding Rattlesnake-Root 

Nabalus racemosus (Michx.) DC. FACW FACU FACW FACU FACW FACW FAC Purple Rattlesnake-Root 

Najas filifolia Haynes OBL Needle-Leaf Waternymph 

Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. & Schmidt OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Wavy Waternymph 

Najas gracillima (A. Braun ex Engelm.) Magnus OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Slender Waternymph 

Najas graminea Delile OBL OBL Ricefield Waternymph 

Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Guadalupe Waternymph 

Najas marina L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Holly-Leaf Waternymph 

Najas minor All. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brittle Waternymph 

Najas wrightiana A. Braun OBL Wright's Waternymph 

Nama jamaicense L. UPL UPL FACW Jamaican-Weed 

Nama stenocarpum Gray FACW FACW FACW Mud Fiddleleaf 

Nama torynophyllum Greenm. FACW FACW Matted Fiddleleaf



Nanozostera japonica (Aschers. & Graebn.) P. Toml. & U. 

OBL Dwarf-Eel-Grass 

Posl. 

Napaea dioica L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Glade-Mallow 

Narthecium americanum Ker-Gawl. FACW FACW Yellow Asphodel 

Narthecium californicum Baker OBL OBL California Bog Asphodel 

Narthecium montanum (Small) Grey FACW Mountain Asphodel 

Nasturtium gambelii (S. Wats.) O.E. Schulz OBL Gambel's Watercress 

Nasturtium microphyllum Boenn. ex Reichenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL One-Row Watercress 

Nasturtium officinale Ait. f. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Watercress 

Navarretia breweri (Gray) Greene FAC FAC FAC Yellow Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia capillaris (Kellogg) Kuntze FAC FAC Miniature Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia cotulifolia (Benth.) Hook. & Arn. OBL OBL Cotula-Leaf Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia eriocephala Mason FAC FAC Hoary Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia fossalis Moran OBL Vernal-Pool Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia heterandra Mason OBL OBL Tehama Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia intertexta (Benth.) Hook. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Needle-Leaf Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia jepsonii V. Bailey ex Jepson FACW FACW Jepson's Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia leucocephala Benth. OBL OBL OBL OBL White-Flower Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia mellita Greene FAC FAC Honey-Scented Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia myersii Allen & Day OBL OBL Myers' Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia nigelliformis Greene FACW FACW Adobe Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia peninsularis Greene FAC FAC Baja Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia prostrata (Gray) Greene OBL Prostrate Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia saximontana S.C. Spencer FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Pincushion- 

Plant 

Navarretia squarrosa (Eschsch.) Hook. & Arn. FACU FACU FACU FACU Skunkweed 

Navarretia subuligera Greene FACU FACU Awl-Leaf Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia tagetina Greene FACW FAC Marigold Pincushion-Plant 

Navarretia willamettensis S.C. Spencer FACW Willamette Valley Phlox 

Nectandra hihua (Ruiz & Pavón) Rohwer FACW Shinglewood 

Nectandra membranacea (Sw.) Griseb. FAC Sweetwood 

Nectandra patens (Sw.) Griseb. FAC Capberry 

Nectandra turbacensis (Kunth) Nees FACU Laurel-Amarillo 

Nelsonia canescens (Lam.) Spreng. FACW Blue Pussyleaf 

Nelumbo lutea Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Lotus 

Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. OBL OBL OBL OBL Sacred Lotus



Nemastylis floridana Small OBL Fall-Flowering Pleatleaf 

Nemopanthus mucronatus (L.) Loes. OBL OBL OBL OBL Catberry 

Nemophila aphylla (L.) Brummitt FACW FACW FAC FACW Small-Flower Baby-Blue-Eyes 

Nemophila pedunculata Dougl. ex Benth. FAC FAC Meadow Baby-Blue-Eyes 

Neoholmgrenia andina (Nutt.) W.L. Wagner & Hoch UPL FACU UPL 

Neokochia americana (S. Wats.) Chu & Sanderson FAC FAC FACU Green-Molly 

Neokochia californica (S. Wats.) Chu & Sanderson FACW FACW California-Molly 

Neolaugeria resinosa (Vahl) Nicolson FACU Aquilon 

Neorudolphia volubilis (Willd.) Britt. FAC Bejuco-de-Alambre 

Neostapfia colusana (Burtt-Davy) Burtt-Davy OBL OBL Colusa Grass 

Neottia auriculata (Wieg.) Szlach. FACW Auricled Twayblade 

Neottia banksiana (Lindl.) Rchb.f. FACU FACU OBL FACU Northwestern Twayblade 

Neottia bifolia (Raf.) Baumbach FACW FACW FACW FACW Southern Twayblade 

Neottia borealis (Morong) Szlach. FACU FACW FACW Northern Twayblade 

Neottia convallarioides (Sw.) Rich FACU FAC FACW FACW FAC Broad-Lip Twayblade 

Neottia cordata (L.) Rich FACW FACU FACW FACW FACU FACW FACW FAC Heart-Leaf Twayblade 

Neottia smallii (Wieg.) Szlach. FACW FACW Kidney-Leaf Twayblade 

Nepeta cataria L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Catnip 

Nephrolepis brownii (Desv.) Hovenkamp & Miyam. FAC FACU FAC Asian Sword Fern 

Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) K. Presl FAC UPL FAC Narrow Sword Fern 

Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Boston Sword Fern 

Nephrolepis falcata (Cav.) C. Christens. FACU FACU UPL Fish-Tail Sword Fern 

Nephrolepis hirsutula (G. Forst.) K. Presl FAC Scaly Sword Fern 

Nephrolepis rivularis (Vahl) Mett. ex Krug FACW Streamside Sword Fern 

Nephrolepis X copelandii W.H. Wagner FACU 

Nephrolepis X medlerae W.H. Wagner FACU 

Nephrophyllidium crista-galli (Menzies ex Hook.) Gilg OBL OBL Deer-Cabbage 

Nepsera aquatica (Aubl.) Naud. FACW Altea 

Neptunia lutea (Leavenworth) Benth. FACU FACU FACU FACU Yellow Puff 

Neptunia microcarpa Rose FAC Little-Fruit Puff 

Neptunia oleracea Lour. OBL Garden Puff 

Neptunia plena (L.) Benth. FACW FACW FACW Water-Dead-and-Awake 

Neptunia pubescens Benth. FAC FAC Tropical Puff 

Nervilia aragoana Gaud. FACU* 

Nervilia jacksoniae Rinehart & Fosberg FACU* 

Nervilia platychila Schlechter FAC*



Nesaea longipes Gray FACW FACW FACW Stalkflower 

Neurolaena lobata (L.) Cass. FAC FACU Sepi 

Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex A.S. Hitchc. FAC Silk-Reed 

Nicotiana attenuata Torr. ex S. Wats. FACU FAC FACU Coyote Tobacco 

Nicotiana glauca Graham FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC Tree Tobacco 

Nicotiana obtusifolia Mertens & Galeotti FACU FACU FACU FACU Desert Tobacco 

Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viviani FAC FAC Tex-Mex Tobacco 

Nicotiana quadrivalvis Pursh FACU FACU FACU Indian Tobacco 

Nicotiana repanda Willd. ex Lehm. FAC FAC FAC Fiddle-Leaf Tobacco 

Nicotiana tabacum L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Cultivated Tobacco 

Nitrophila mohavensis Munz & Roos FACW FACW Amargosa Niterwort 

Nitrophila occidentalis (Moq.) S. Wats. FACW FACW Boraxweed 

Nolina atopocarpa Bartlett FAC Florida Bear-Grass 

Nomaphila stricta (Vahl) Nees OBL Stiff Bear-Grass 

Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck UPL UPL FACU Cochineal Nopal Cactus 

Nothocestrum longifolium Gray FACU Long-Leaf Aiea 

Nothoperanema rubiginosum (Brack.) A.R. Sm. & D.D. Palmer FAC Serpent Frilly Fern 

Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Crowpoison 

Nuphar advena (Ait.) Ait. f. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow Pond-Lily 

Nuphar microphylla (Pers.) Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Nuphar polysepala Engelm. OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Nuphar sagittifolia (Walt.) Pursh OBL OBL 

Nuphar variegata Dur. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Nuphar X rubrodisca Morong OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Nymphaea alba L. OBL OBL European White Water-Lily 

Nymphaea amazonum Mart. & Zucc. OBL Amazon Water-Lily 

Nymphaea ampla (Salisb.) DC. OBL OBL OBL Dot-Leaf Water-Lily 

Nymphaea caerulea Savigny OBL Blue-Lotus 

Nymphaea capensis Thunb. OBL OBL Cape Blue Water-Lily 

Nymphaea conardii Wiersema OBL Round-Leaf Water-Lily 

Nymphaea elegans Hook. OBL OBL Tropical Royal-Blue Water-Lily 

Nymphaea jamesoniana Planch. OBL OBL James' Water-Lily 

Nymphaea leibergii Morong OBL OBL OBL Dwarf Water-Lily 

Nymphaea lotus L. OBL OBL White Egyptian-Lotus 

Nymphaea mexicana Zucc. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Banana Water-Lily 

Nymphaea odorata Ait. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American White Water-Lily



Nymphaea rudgeana G.F.W. Mey. OBL Rudge's Water-Lily 

Nymphaea tetragona Georgi OBL OBL Pygmy Water-Lily 

Nymphaea X daubenyana W.T. Baxter ex Daubeny OBL OBL 

Nymphaea X marliacea Marliac OBL 

Nymphaea X thiona Ward OBL OBL OBL 

Nymphoides aquatica (J.F. Gmel.) Kuntze OBL OBL OBL Big Floatingheart 

Nymphoides cordata (Ell.) Fern. OBL OBL OBL Little Floatingheart 

Nymphoides cristata (Roxb.) Kuntze OBL Crested Flatingheart 

Nymphoides humboldtiana (Kunth) Kuntze OBL 

Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze OBL OBL Water-Snowflake 

Nymphoides peltata (Gmel.) Kuntze OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow Floatingheart 

Nypa fruticans Wurmb OBL* 

Nyssa aquatica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Tupelo 

Nyssa biflora Walt. OBL FACW OBL OBL Swamp Tupelo 

Nyssa ogeche Bartr. ex Marsh. OBL Ogeechee Tupelo 

Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Black Tupelo 

Ochrosia mariannensis A. DC. FACU* 

Ochrosia oppositifolia (Lam.) K. Schum. FACU* 

Ocimum basilicum L. FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Sweet Basil 

Oclemena acuminata (Michx.) Greene UPL FACU FACU Whorled Nodding-Aster 

Oclemena nemoralis (Ait.) Greene FACW FACW OBL Bog Nodding-Aster 

Oclemena reticulata (Pursh) Nesom FAC Pine-Barren Nodding-Aster 

Oclemena X blakei (Porter) Nesom FACW FACW FACW 

Ocotea floribunda (Sw.) Mez FAC Laurel-Espada 

Ocotea foeniculacea Mez FACW Palo-Santo 

Ocotea moschata (Pavón ex Meisn.) Mez FACW Nemoca 

Ocotea nemodaphne Mez FACW Laurel-Sassafras 

Ocotea portoricensis Mez FACW Laurel-de-Paloma 

Ocotea spathulata Mez FACW Nemoca-Cimarrona 

Ocotea wrightii (Meisn.) Mez FACW Wright's Laurel-Canelon 

Odontonema nitidum (Jacq.) Kuntze FACW Shrubby Toothedthread 

Odontonema tubiforme (Bertol.) Kuntze UPL FACU Firespike 

Odontosoria chinensis (L.) J. Sm. FAC Chinese Parsley Fern 

Odontosoria clavata L. UPL FACW Club-Shape Parsley Fern 

Odontosoria scandens (Desv.) C. Christens. FACW Border Parsley Fern



Oemleria cerasiformis 

(Torr. & Gray ex Hook. & Arn.) 

Landon 

FACU 

FACU Oso-Berry 

Oenanthe aquatica (L.) Poir. OBL OBL OBL OBL Fine-Leaf Water-Dropwort 

Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC. OBL OBL OBL Water-Celery 

Oenanthe sarmentosa K. Presl ex DC. OBL OBL OBL OBL Pacific Water-Dropwort 

Oenothera biennis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU King's-Cureall 

Oenothera canescens Torr. & Frém. FAC FAC Spotted Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera coloradensis (Rydb.) W.L. Wagner & Hoch FACW FAC FACW 

Oenothera curtiflora W.L. Wagner & Hoch UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU Velvetweed 

Oenothera elata Kunth FACW FACW FACU FACW FACW Hooker's Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera flava (A. Nels.) Garrett FAC FACW FAC Long-Tube Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera fruticosa L. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU Narrow-Leaf Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera gaura W.L. Wagner & Hoch FACU FACU FACU FACU Biennial Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera jamesii Torr. & Gray FACW FACW Trumpet Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera kunthiana (Spach) Munz FACU FACU FACU UPL Kunth's Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera laciniata Hill FACU FAC FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FAC Cut-Leaf Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera longissima Rydb. OBL OBL Long-Stem Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera organensis Munz OBL Organ Mountain Evening- 

Primrose 

Oenothera parviflora L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Northern Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera perennis L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Small Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera pilosella Raf. FACU FAC FAC FAC Meadow Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera rhombipetala Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Greater Four-Point Evening- 

Primrose 

Oenothera rosea L'Hér. ex Ait. FACW FACW FACW FACW Rose Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera tetraptera Cav. FAC FAC Four-Wing Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera texensis Raven & Parnell FACW Texas Evening-Primrose 

Oenothera villosa Thunb. FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Hairy Evening-Primrose 

Oldenlandia boscii (DC.) Chapman FACW FACW FACW OBL Bosc's Mille-Graines 

Oldenlandia corymbosa L. FAC FAC FAC FACU Flat-Top Mille-Graines 

Oldenlandia uniflora L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Clustered Mille-Graines 

Oldenlandiopsis callitrichoides (Griseb.) Terrell & W.H. Lewis FACW FACW FACU Creeping-Bluet 

Oleandra articulata (Sw.) K. Presl FACW Oleander Fern 

Olfersia cervina (L.) Kunze FAC Woodland Island Fern 

Olsynium douglasii (A. Dietr.) Bickn. FACU FACU Grasswidow 

Olyra latifolia L. FACU Carrycillo



Oncidium ensatum Lindl. FACW Florida Dancing-Lady Orchid 

Oncosiphon piluliferum (L. f.) Källersjö FACU FACU Stinknet 

Onoclea sensibilis L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Sensitive Fern 

Ophioglossum californicum Prantl FAC FAC FAC California Adder's-Tongue 

Ophioglossum crotalophoroides Walt. FAC FAC FAC UPL Bulbous Adder's-Tongue 

Ophioglossum engelmannii Prantl FACU FACW FACU FACU FACU Limestone Adder's-Tongue 

Ophioglossum nudicaule L. f. FAC FAC FAC Least Adder's-Tongue 

Ophioglossum petiolatum Hook. FAC FAC FACU Long-Stem Adder's-Tongue 

Ophioglossum pusillum Raf. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Northern Adder's-Tongue 

Ophioglossum reticulatum L. OBL Netted Adder's-Tongue 

Ophioglossum vulgatum L. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Southern Adder's-Tongue 

Oplismenus compositus (L.) Beauv. UPL FACU Running Mountain Grass 

Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) Beauv. FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Long-Leaf Basket Grass 

Oplopanax horridus (Small) Miq. FACU FAC FACW FAC Devil's-Club 

Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. UPL UPL UPL FACU Erect Prickly-Pear 

Orbexilum pedunculatum (P. Mill.) Rydb. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Sampson's-Snakeroot 

Orbexilum simplex (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Rydb. FAC FAC FAC FAC Single-Stem Leather-Root 

Orbexilum virgatum (Nutt.) Rydb. FACU Pineland Leather-Root 

Orcuttia californica Vasey OBL California Orcutt Grass 

Orcuttia inaequalis Hoover OBL OBL San Joaquin Valley Orcutt Grass 

Orcuttia pilosa Hoover OBL OBL Hairy Orcutt Grass 

Orcuttia tenuis A.S. Hitchc. OBL OBL Slender Orcutt Grass 

Orcuttia viscida (Hoover) J. Reeder OBL Sacramento Orcutt Grass 

Oreobolus furcatus Mann FACW Hawaii Island Sedge 

Oreostemma alpigenum (Torr. & Gray) Greene FAC FAC Tundra Mountaincrown 

Oreostemma elatum (Greene) Greene FACW FACW Plumas Mountaincrown 

Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. FACU False Sea-Onion 

Ornithogalum umbellatum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Sleepydick 

Orobanche riparia Collins FACW FACW River Broom-Rape 

Orobanche uniflora L. FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU Naked Broom-Rape 

Orogenia fusiformis S. Wats. FACW FACW California Indian-Potato 

Orontium aquaticum L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Goldenclub 

Orthilia secunda (L.) House FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Sidebells 

Orthocarpus bracteosus Benth. FACW FAC FACW FACW Rosy Owl-Clover 

Orthocarpus luteus Nutt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Golden-Tongue Owl-Clover 

Oryza latifolia Desv. OBL Broad-Leaf Rice



Oryza rufipogon Griffiths FACW Brown-Beard Rice 

Oryza sativa L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL* OBL OBL Cultivated Rice 

Osmorhiza berteroi DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Mountain Sweet-Cicely 

Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) C.B. Clarke FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Hairy Sweet-Cicely 

Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Aniseroot 

Osmorhiza purpurea (Coult. & Rose) Suksdorf FACU FAC FAC FAC Purple Sweet-Cicely 

Osmunda claytoniana L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Interrupted Fern 

Osmunda spectabilis Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Royal Fern 

Osmunda X ruggii R. Tryon FACW FACW 

Osmundastrum cinnamomeum (L.) K. Presl FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Cinnamon Fern 

Ostrya knowltonii Sarg. FAC FAC FAC Knowlton's Hop-Hornbeam 

Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Hop-Hornbeam 

Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. OBL OBL OBL OBL Duck-Lettuce 

Ouratea striata (v. Tiegh.) Urban FACW Guanabanilla 

Oxalis corniculata L. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Creeping Yellow Wood-Sorrel 

Oxalis dillenii Jacq. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Slender Yellow Wood-Sorrel 

Oxalis montana Raf. FAC FACU FACU Sleeping-Beauty 

Oxalis oregana Nutt. FACU FACU Redwood-Sorrel 

Oxalis stricta L. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Upright Yellow Wood-Sorrel 

Oxalis trilliifolia Hook. FAC FAC Trillium-Leaf Wood-Sorrel 

Oxandra lanceolata (Sw.) Baill. FAC Black-Lancewood 

Oxandra laurifolia (Sw.) A. Rich. FAC Haya 

Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Lye OBL OBL Cuban-Bulrush 

Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC. FACU UPL FACU FACU Sourwood 

Oxygraphis glacialis (Fisch.) Bunge FACW Kamchatka-Buttercup 

Oxypolis fendleri (Gray) Heller FACW FACW FACW Fendler's Cowbane 

Oxypolis occidentalis Coult. & Rose OBL OBL Western Cowbane 

Oxypolis rigidior (L.) Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Stiff Cowbane 

Oxypolis ternata (Nutt.) Heller OBL FACW Piedmont Cowbane 

Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill FACU FACU FAC FACW FACU Mountain-Sorrel 

Oxyspora paniculata (D. Don) DC. FACU Bristletips 

Oxytropis deflexa (Pallas) DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU Pendant-Pod Locoweed 

Oxytropis lambertii Pursh FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Stemless Locoweed 

Oxytropis oreophila Gray FACU FACU Mountain Locoweed 

Oxytropis parryi Gray FACU FACU FACU Parry's Locoweed 

Oxytropis splendens Dougl. ex Hook. UPL FAC FACU FACU FAC Whorled Locoweed



Ozomelis diversifolia (Greene) Rydb. FAC FAC Angle-Leaf Mitrewort 

Ozomelis trifida (Graham) Rydb. FAC FAC FAC FAC Pacific Mitrewort 

Packera anonyma (Wood) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACU UPL UPL UPL Small's Groundsel 

Packera aurea (L.) A.& D. Löve FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Golden Groundsel 

Packera bernardina (Greene) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACU San Bernardino Groundsel 

Packera bolanderi (Gray) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FAC FACU Bolander's Groundsel 

Packera clevelandii (Greene) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACW FACW Cleveland's Groundsel 

Packera crocata (Rydb.) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FAC FAC FAC Saffron Groundsel 

Packera debilis (Nutt.) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACW FACW FACW Weak-Stem Groundsel 

Packera dimorphophylla (Greene) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACU FACU FAC Two-Leaf Groundsel 

Packera glabella (Poir.) C. Jeffrey OBL OBL FACW FACW FACW Cress-Leaf Groundsel 

Packera hartiana (Heller) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACW FACW FACW Hart's Groundsel 

Packera heterophylla (Fisch.) E. Wiebe UPL FACU FACU FACU Dwarf Arctic Groundsel 

Packera indecora (Greene) A.& D. Löve FACU FACW FACW FACW FACW Rayless Mountain Groundsel 

Packera macounii (Greene) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACU FACU Siskiyou Mountain Groundsel 

Packera obovata (Muhl. ex Willd.) W.A. Weber & A. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Round-Leaf Groundsel 

Löve 

Packera pauciflora (Pursh) A.& D. Löve FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC Rayless Alpine Groundsel 

Packera paupercula (Michx.) A.& D. Löve FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW Balsam Groundsel 

Packera plattensis (Nutt.) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Prairie Groundsel 

Packera pseudaurea (Rydb.) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Streambank Groundsel 

Packera schweinitziana (Nutt.) W.A. Weber & A. Löve FACW FACW Schweinitz's Groundsel 

Packera spellenbergii (T.M. Barkl.) C. Jeffrey UPL FACU FACU Carrizo Creek Groundsel 

Packera streptanthifolia (Greene) W.A. Weber & A. Löve UPL FACU UPL FACU Rocky Mountain Groundsel 

Packera subnuda (DC.) D.K. Trock & T.M. Barkl. FAC FACW OBL FACW Buek's Groundsel 

Packera tampicana (DC.) C. Jeffrey FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Great Plains Groundsel 

Packera tomentosa (Michx.) C. Jeffrey FACU FACU FACU Woolly Groundsel 

Paederia foetida L. FACU FACU UPL Chinese Fevervine 

Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Franco & Vasc. FACW FACU FAC Monkey's Paw 

Palicourea alpina (Sw.) DC. FACU Tafetan 

Palicourea crocea (Sw.) J.A. Schultes FAC Red Cappel 

Palicourea guianensis Aubl. FACU Showy Cappel 

Palisota bracteosa C.B. Clarke FACU Loko Toawombi 

Palmerella debilis Gray FACW Blue Lobelia 

Pancratium maritimum L. FACU Sea-Daffodil 

Pandanus dubius Spreng. FACU*



Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Zucc. FACW FAC Tahitian Screw-Pine 

Panicum amarum Ell. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Bitter Panic Grass 

Panicum bergii Arech. FACW FACW Berg's Panic Grass 

Panicum bisulcatum Thunb. FACW FACW Japanese Panic Grass 

Panicum brachyanthum Steud. FAC FAC FACU FAC Prairie Panic Grass 

Panicum capillare L. FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Common Panic Grass 

Panicum coloratum L. FACW FACW FAC Blue Panic Grass 

Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. FACW FACW OBL FACW FAC FACU FACW FACW FACW Fall Panic Grass 

Panicum diffusum Sw. FAC FAC FAC West Indian Panic Grass 

Panicum elephantipes Nees OBL Elephant Panic Grass 

Panicum flexile (Gattinger) Scribn. FAC FAC FACU FACW FACW FACW FAC Wiry Panic Grass 

Panicum gattingeri Nash FAC FAC FAC FAC Gattinger's Panic Grass 

Panicum ghiesbreghtii Fourn. FACW FACW FACW Ghiesbreght's Panic Grass 

Panicum hallii Vasey FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Hall's Panic Grass 

Panicum hemitomon J.A. Schultes OBL FACW OBL Maiden-Cane 

Panicum hillmanii Chase FACU FACU FAC FACU Hillman's Panic Grass 

Panicum lacustre A.S. Hitchc. & Ekman FACW Lake Panic Grass 

Panicum lineale St. John FACU Kauai Panic Grass 

Panicum longivaginatum St. John FAC Long-Sheath Panic Grass 

Panicum paludosum Roxb. OBL OBL Marsh Panic Grass 

Panicum parvifolium Lam. OBL Small-Flower Panic Grass 

Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin. FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC Philadelphia Panic Grass 

Panicum repens L. FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC Torpedo Grass 

Panicum schiffneri Hack. FAC Schiffner's Panic Grass 

Panicum stevensianum A.S. Hitchc. & Chase FACW Stevens' Panic Grass 

Panicum trichanthum Nees FACU Thicket Panic Grass 

Panicum verrucosum Muhl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Warty Panic Grass 

Panicum virgatum L. FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW Wand Panic Grass 

Papaver macounii Greene FACU Macoun's Poppy 

Papaver walpolei Porsild FACU Walpole's Poppy 

Pappophorum pappiferum (Lam.) Kuntze FACU Limestone Pappus Grass 

Paraderris elliptica (Wallich) Adema FACU Tubaroot 

Parapholis incurva (L.) C.E. Hubbard FAC FAC OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Curved Sickle Grass 

Parapholis strigosa (Dumort.) C.E. Hubbard OBL OBL European Sickle Grass 

Parathelypteris nevadensis (Baker) Holttum FAC FAC 

Parathelypteris noveboracensis (L.) Ching FAC FAC FAC FAC New York Fern



Parathelypteris simulata (Davenport) Holttum OBL FACW FACW FACW Bog Fern 

Parathesis crenulata (Vent.) Hook. f. FACW Scratchthroat 

Parentucellia viscosa (L.) Caruel FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC Yellow Glandweed 

Parietaria floridana Nutt. FAC FAC FACU FACU Florida Pellitory 

Parietaria hespera Hinton FACU FACU FACU Rillita Pellitory 

Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Pennsylvania Pellitory 

Parietaria praetermissa Hinton FACU FAC Clustered Pellitory 

Parkinsonia aculeata L. FAC FAC FAC FACW UPL FACU Mexican Palo-Verde 

Parnassia asarifolia Vent. OBL OBL OBL Kidney-Leaf Grass-of-Parnassus 

Parnassia caroliniana Michx. OBL OBL Carolina Grass-of-Parnassus 

Parnassia cirrata Piper OBL OBL San Bernardino Grass-of- 

Parnassus 

Parnassia fimbriata Koenig FACW OBL OBL OBL Fringed Grass-of-Parnassus 

Parnassia glauca Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Fen Grass-of-Parnassus 

Parnassia grandifolia DC. OBL OBL OBL Large-Leaf Grass-of-Parnassus 

Parnassia kotzebuei Cham. ex Spreng. FACW OBL OBL OBL Kotzebue's Grass-of-Parnassus 

Parnassia palustris L. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Grass-of-Parnassus 

Parnassia parviflora DC. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Small-Flower Grass-of- 

Parnassus 

Paronychia ahartii Ertter FAC FACU Ahart's Nailwort 

Parthenium hysterophorus L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC UPL Santa Maria Feverfew 

Parthenocissus inserta (Kerner) Fritsch FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Thicket-Creeper 

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Virginia-Creeper 

Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Löve FACU UPL FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Western-Wheat Grass 

Paspalidium geminatum (Forssk.) Stapf OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Egyptian Water Crown Grass 

Paspalum acuminatum Raddi OBL OBL OBL Brook Crown Grass 

Paspalum bifidum (Bertol.) Nash FACW FACW FAC FACW Pitchfork Crown Grass 

Paspalum blodgettii Chapman FAC UPL Blodgett's Crown Grass 

Paspalum boscianum Flueggé FACW UPL FACW FACW Bull Crown Grass 

Paspalum caespitosum Flueggé FAC UPL Blue Crown Grass 

Paspalum conjugatum Berg. FAC FAC FAC FAC Sour Crown Grass 

Paspalum decumbens Sw. FAC Decumbent Crown Grass 

Paspalum densum Poir. OBL Dense Crown Grass 

Paspalum denticulatum Trin. OBL OBL Pull-and-Be-Damned 

Paspalum dilatatum Poir. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC Golden Crown Grass 

Paspalum dissectum (L.) L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Mudbank Crown Grass



Paspalum distichum L. OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Jointed Crown Grass 

Paspalum fasciculatum Willd. ex Flueggé FACW Mexican Crown Grass 

Paspalum fimbriatum Kunth FAC FAC FAC Panama Crown Grass 

Paspalum floridanum Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW Florida Crown Grass 

Paspalum hartwegianum Fourn. FACW FACW Hartweg's Crown Grass 

Paspalum laeve Michx. FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Field Crown Grass 

Paspalum millegrana Schrad. FACW Paja-Brava 

Paspalum modestum Mez OBL Water Crown Grass 

Paspalum monostachyum Vasey FACW FACW Gulf Dune Crown Grass 

Paspalum notatum Flueggé FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC UPL Bahia Grass 

Paspalum orbiculatum Poir. OBL Circular Crown Grass 

Paspalum paniculatum L. FAC FAC UPL Arrocillo 

Paspalum plicatulum Michx. FAC FAC FAC FAC Brown-Seed Crown Grass 

Paspalum praecox Walt. OBL FACW FACW OBL Early Crown Grass 

Paspalum pubiflorum Rupr. ex Fourn. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Hairy-Seed Crown Grass 

Paspalum racemosum Lam. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Peruvian Crown Grass 

Paspalum repens Berg. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Horse-Tail Crown Grass 

Paspalum scrobiculatum L. FACW FACW FAC Indian Crown Grass 

Paspalum secans A.S. Hitchc. & Chase FACW Slender Ditch Crown Grass 

Paspalum setaceum Michx. FAC UPL FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU UPL Slender Crown Grass 

Paspalum urvillei Steud. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Vasey's Grass 

Paspalum vaginatum Sw. OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW Seashore Crown Grass 

Paspalum virgatum L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Talquezal 

Passiflora arizonica (Killip) D.H. Goldman FAC Arizona Passion-Flower 

Passiflora edulis Sims FACU FACU FACU Purple Granadilla 

Passiflora foetida L. FAC FACU FAC FACU Scarlet-Fruit Passion-Flower 

Passiflora laurifolia L. UPL FACU Golden Bell-Apple 

Passiflora rubra L. FACU Dutchman's-Laudanum 

Passiflora serratodigitata L. FACU Tagua-Tagua 

Passiflora suberosa L. UPL UPL UPL FAC Corky-Stem Passion-Flower 

Passiflora subpeltata Ortega FACU White Passion-Flower 

Passiflora tulae Urban FACU Mountain-Love-in-the-Mist 

Paullinia pinnata L. FAC Bread-and-Cheese 

Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. ex Steud. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Princesstree 

Pavonia corymbosa (Sw.) Willd. FAC Tight-Flower Swamp-Mallow 

Pavonia fruticosa (P. Mill.) Fawcett & Rendle FAC Anamu



Pavonia paludicola D.H. Nicols. ex Fryxell OBL OBL Swampbush 

Pavonia paniculata Cav. FACW Loose-Flower Swamp-Mallow 

Paxistima myrsinites (Pursh) Raf. FACU Oregon Boxleaf 

Pecluma ptilodon (Kunze) M.G. Price FACW UPL Palm-Leaf Rockcap Fern 

Pectiantia breweri (Gray) Rydb. FAC FAC FAC 

Pectiantia ovalis (Greene) Rydb. OBL FACW 

Pectiantia pentandra (Hook.) Rydb. FACW FACW FAC FAC 

Pedicularis albolabiata (Hultén) Kozh. FACW Sudetic Lousewort 

Pedicularis attollens Gray OBL OBL Little Elephant's-Head 

Pedicularis canadensis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Canadian Lousewort 

Pedicularis capitata M.F. Adams FACU Capitate Lousewort 

Pedicularis chamissonis Stev. OBL Chamisso's Lousewort 

Pedicularis contorta Benth. FACU FACU FACU White Coil-Beak Lousewort 

Pedicularis crenulata Benth. FACW FACW FACW Purple-Flower Lousewort 

Pedicularis fluviatilis Heller FAC FACU FAC Marsh Lousewort 

Pedicularis furbishiae S. Wats. FACW St. Johns River Lousewort 

Pedicularis groenlandica Retz. FACW OBL OBL OBL Bull Elephant's-Head 

Pedicularis interior (Hultén) Molau & D.F. Murray FACW Purple-Rattle 

Pedicularis labradorica Wirsing FACW Labrador Lousewort 

Pedicularis lanata Cham. & Schlecht. FAC Woolly Lousewort 

Pedicularis lanceolata Michx. FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Swamp Lousewort 

Pedicularis langsdorfii Fisch. ex Stev. FACW Langsdorf's Lousewort 

Pedicularis lapponica L. FAC Lapland Lousewort 

Pedicularis pacifica (Hultén) Kozh. FACW Pacific Lousewort 

Pedicularis parryi Gray FACU FAC FACU Parry's Lousewort 

Pedicularis parviflora Sm. ex Rees FACW Small-Flower Lousewort 

Pedicularis procera Gray FACU FAC FACU Giant Lousewort 

Pedicularis scopulorum (Gray) Gray FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Lousewort 

Pedicularis verticillata L. FAC Whorled Lousewort 

Pelexia adnata (Sw.) Spreng. FACW FACU Hachuela 

Pellaea ternifolia (Cav.) Link FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Trans-Pecos Cliffbrake 

Peltandra sagittifolia (Michx.) Morong OBL OBL White Arrow-Arum 

Peltandra virginica (L.) Schott OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Green Arrow-Arum 

Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K. Heyne FAC UPL UPL Yellow-Poinciana 

Pemphis acidula J.R. & G. Forst. FAC* 

Penstemon alluviorum Pennell FACW FACW FACW Lowland Beardtongue



Penstemon attenuatus Dougl. ex Lindl. FACU FACU FACU Sulphur Beardtongue 

Penstemon australis Small FACU FACU Eustis Lake Beardtongue 

Penstemon baccharifolius Hook. FACU FACU Baccharis-Leaf Beardtongue 

Penstemon calycosus Small FACU UPL FACU FACU Long-Sepal Beardtongue 

Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC Foxglove Beardtongue 

Penstemon globosus (Piper) Pennell & Keck FAC FAC Globe Beardtongue 

Penstemon gracilis Nutt. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Lilac Beardtongue 

Penstemon heterodoxus Gray FACU FACU Sierran Beardtongue 

Penstemon laevigatus Ait. FAC FACU FACU FACU Eastern Smooth Beardtongue 

Penstemon laxiflorus Pennell FAC FAC FAC FACU Nodding Beardtongue 

Penstemon lyallii (Gray) Gray FACU FACU FACU Lyall's Beardtongue 

Penstemon pallidus Small FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL Pale Beardtongue 

Penstemon procerus Dougl. ex Graham UPL FAC UPL FAC Pincushion Beardtongue 

Penstemon pseudoputus (Crosswhite) N. Holmgren FACU FACU Kaibab Plateau Beardtongue 

Penstemon rydbergii A. Nels. FACU FAC FACU Meadow Beardtongue 

Penstemon serrulatus Menzies ex Sm. FACW FACU FACU Cascade Beardtongue 

Penstemon tenuis Small FACW FACW Sharp-Sepal Beardtongue 

Penstemon virgatus Gray FACU FACU FACU Upright Blue Beardtongue 

Penstemon whippleanus Gray FACU FACU FACU Dark Beardtongue 

Pentachaeta fragilis Brandeg. FAC FAC Fragile Pygmy Daisy 

Pentalinon luteum (L.) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin OBL FACU Hammock Viper's-Tail 

Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers UPL UPL FACU Egyptian Starcluster 

Penthorum sedoides L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Ditch-Stonecrop 

Pentodon pentandrus (K. Schum.) Vatke OBL OBL Hale's Pentodon 

Peperomia alata Ruiz & Pavón FACW FACU Winged Peperomia 

Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth FACU Arid-Land Peperomia 

Peperomia cookiana C. DC. FACU Weak-Stem Peperomia 

Peperomia distachya (L.) A. Dietr. FACW Montane Peperomia 

Peperomia eekana C. DC. FACW Mt. Eke Peperomia 

Peperomia ellipticibacca C. DC. FAC Koolau Range Peperomia 

Peperomia expallescens C. DC. FACU Swamp Peperomia 

Peperomia glabella (Sw.) A. Dietr. FACW FACU Cypress Peperomia 

Peperomia globulanthera C. DC. FAC Puu Kuhui 

Peperomia hesperomannii Wawra FACW Single-Nerve Peperomia 

Peperomia hirtipetiola C. DC. FACU Forest Peperomia 

Peperomia kipahuluensis St. John & C. Lamoureux FACU Royal Peperomia



Peperomia kokeana Yuncker FACU Napali-Kona Peperomia 

Peperomia latifolia Miq. FACU Hawaii Peperomia 

Peperomia ligustrina Hbd. FAC Waihee Valley Peperomia 

Peperomia macraeana C. DC. FACU Pinni-Nerve Peperomia 

Peperomia mariannensis C. DC. FAC* 

Peperomia membranacea Hook. & Arn. FAC Woodland Peperomia 

Peperomia obovatilimba C. DC. FACU Graceful Peperomia 

Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth UPL FACU UPL FACU Man-To-Man 

Peperomia remyi C. DC. FACU Valley Peperomia 

Peperomia robustior Urban FACW Grand Peperomia 

Peperomia rockii C. DC. FACU Kahuaha Forest Peperomia 

Peperomia sandwicensis Miq. FAC Single-Spike Peperomia 

Peperomia sintenisii C. DC. FACU Sintenis' Peperomia 

Peperomia tetraphylla (G. Forst.) Hook. & Arn. FACW FACU Acorn Peperomia 

Peperomia urocarpa Fisch. & C.A. Mey. FACW Brazilian Peperomia 

Peperomia yabucoana Urban & C. DC. FACW Viper Peperomia 

Perideridia californica (Torr.) A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. FACW FACW California Yampah 

Perideridia gairdneri (Hook. & Arn.) Mathias FAC FACU FAC Common Yampah 

Perideridia howellii (Coult. & Rose) Mathias FACW FACW Howell's Yampah 

Perideridia parishii 

(Coult. & Rose) A. Nels. & J.F. 

Macbr. 

FAC FAC Parish's Yampah 

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. FAC Beefsteakplant 

Peristylus holochila (Hbd.) N.Hallé FACW Hawaii Bog Orchid 

Peritoma jonesii (J.F. Macbr.) Iltis FACU FACU Jones' Beeplant 

Peritoma lutea (Hook.) Raf. FACU FACU FACU Yellow Beeplant 

Peritoma multicaulis (DC.) Iltis FACW FACW FACW Playa Beeplant 

Peritoma serrulata (Pursh) DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Rocky Mountain Beeplant 

Perrottetia sandwicensis Gray FACU Olomea 

Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. FACW FACW FACW Red Bay 

Persea krugii Mez FACW Canela 

Persea palustris (Raf.) Sarg. FACW FACW Swamp Bay 

Persea urbaniana Mez FACW Aquacatillo 

Persicaria acuminata (Kunth) M. Gómez OBL Taper-Tip Smartweed 

Persicaria amphibia (L.) S.F. Gray p.p. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water Smartweed 

Persicaria arifolia (L.) Haralds. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Halberd-Leaf Tearthumb 

Persicaria bicornis (Raf.) Nieuwl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Pink Knotweed



Persicaria capitata (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) Gross. FACU FACU FACU FACU Pink-Head Smartweed 

Persicaria careyi (Olney) Greene FACW FACW FACW FACW Carey's Smartweed 

Persicaria glabra (Willd.) M. Gómez OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Smooth Smartweed 

Persicaria hirsuta (Walt.) Small OBL OBL Hairy Smartweed 

Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Mild Water-Pepper 

Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp Smartweed 

Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) S.F. Gray FACW FAC FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Dock-Leaf Smartweed 

Persicaria longiseta (Bruijn) Kitagawa FAC FAC Bristly Lady's-Thumb 

Persicaria maculosa S.F. Gray FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW OBL* FACW FAC FACW Spotted Lady's-Thumb 

Persicaria meisneriana (Cham. & Schlecht.) M. Gómez OBL Branched Tearthumb 

Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz OBL OBL OBL Pygmy Smartweed 

Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach FAC FACW FACU FACW UPL UPL FAC Kiss-Me-Over-the-Garden-Gate 

Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M. Gómez FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Pinkweed 

Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross FAC FAC FAC Asiatic Tearthumb 

Persicaria posumbu (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) H. Gross FACW FACU UPL Oriental Lady's-Thumb 

Persicaria punctata (Ell.) Small OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dotted Smartweed 

Persicaria robustior (Small) Bickn. OBL UPL OBL OBL OBL Stout Smartweed 

Persicaria sagittata (L.) Gross. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Arrow-Leaf Tearthumb 

Persicaria segeta (Kunth) Small OBL Field Smartweed 

Persicaria setacea (Baldw.) Small OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Smartweed 

Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaertn. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Jumpseed 

Persicaria wallichii Greuter & Burdet FAC FAC Garden Smartweed 

Petasites frigidus (L.) Fries FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Arctic Sweet-Colt's-Foot 

Petasites hybridus (L.) P.G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb. UPL UPL FACW FAC Pestilence-Wort 

Phacelia amabilis Constance FACU FACU Saline Valley Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia covillei S. Wats. FACW FACW Buttercup Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia distans Benth. OBL UPL OBL Distant Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia heterophylla Pursh FACU FAC FACU Variable-Leaf Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia inundata J.T. Howell FACW FACW Playa Yellow Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia inyoensis (J.F. Macbr.) J.T. Howell FAC FAC Inyo Yellow Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia laxa Small FAC FAC Coastal Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia lemmonii Gray FACU FACU Lemmon's Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia orogenes Brand FACU FACU Mountain Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia parishii Gray FACU FACU Parish's Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia procera Gray FAC FAC Tall Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia ramosissima Dougl. ex Lehm. FACU FACU Branched Scorpion-Weed



Phacelia ranunculacea (Nutt.) Constance FACW FACW FACW Ocean-Blue Scorpion-Weed 

Phacelia tetramera J.T. Howell FAC FAC Four-Part Yellow Scorpion-Weed 

Phaius tancarvilleae (Banks ex L'Hér.) Blume FACU UPL FACU Nun's-Hood Orchid 

Phalacroseris bolanderi Gray OBL OBL Bolander's Mock Dandelion 

Phalaris angusta Nees ex Trin. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Timothy Canary Grass 

Phalaris aquatica L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU Harding Grass 

Phalaris arundinacea L. OBL OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Reed Canary Grass 

Phalaris brachystachys Link FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Short-Spike Canary Grass 

Phalaris californica Hook. & Arn. FAC FAC California Canary Grass 

Phalaris canariensis L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Common Canary Grass 

Phalaris caroliniana Walt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW May Grass 

Phalaris lemmonii Vasey FACW FACW Lemmon's Canary Grass 

Phalaris paradoxa L. FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC Mediterranean Canary Grass 

Phanopyrum gymnocarpon (Ell.) Nash OBL OBL OBL OBL Savannah-Panic Grass 

Pharus lappulaceus Aubl. FAC FAC Cape Francais Stalk Grass 

Pharus latifolius L. FAC Broad Stalk Grass 

Phegopteris connectilis (Michx.) Watt FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Narrow Beech Fern 

Phegopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Fée FACU FAC FACU FACU Broad Beech Fern 

Philodendron consanguineum Schott FACW Rascagarganta 

Philodendron giganteum Schott FAC Giant Philodendron 

Philodendron hederaceum (Jacq.) Schott UPL FACW FACU Vilevine 

Philodendron lingulatum (L.) K. Koch FACU Treelover 

Philodendron pinnatifidum (Jacq.) Schott FACU Comb-Leaf Philodendron 

Phippsia algida (Soland.) R. Br. OBL OBL OBL Ice Grass 

Phleum alpinum L. FACU FAC FAC FACW FAC Mountain Timothy 

Phleum pratense L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Common Timothy 

Phlox carolina L. FACU FACU FACU FACW Thick-Leaf Phlox 

Phlox divaricata L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Wild Blue Phlox 

Phlox floridana Benth. FACU Florida Phlox 

Phlox glaberrima L. FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Smooth Phlox 

Phlox idahonis Wherry FACW FACW Clearwater Phlox 

Phlox kelseyi Britt. FACW FAC FACW Marsh Phlox 

Phlox maculata L. FAC FACW FACW FACW Wild Sweetwilliam 

Phlox paniculata L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Fall Phlox 

Phlox pilosa L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Downy Phlox 

Phormium tenax J.R. & G. Forst. FAC New Zealand-Flax



Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Common Reed 

Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin. ex Steud. OBL* Tropical Reed 

Phryma leptostachya L. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FAC American Lopseed 

Phyla cuneifolia (Torr.) Greene FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Wedgeleaf 

Phyla fruticosa (P. Mill.) Kennedy FAC FAC FAC FAC Diamond-Leaf Frogfruit 

Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Northern Frogfruit 

Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC FACW FAC Turkey-Tangle 

Phyla stoechadifolia (L.) Small FACW OBL Southern Frogfruit 

Phyllanthus amarus Schumacher & Thonn. FAC UPL FAC FACU* Carry-Me-Seed 

Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Carolina Leaf-Flower 

Phyllanthus debilis Klein ex Willd. UPL FAC Niruri 

Phyllanthus evanescens Brandeg. FACW FACW Bird-Seed Leaf-Flower 

Phyllanthus liebmannianus Muell.-Arg. FACW Liebmann's Leaf-Flower 

Phyllanthus stipulatus (Raf.) G.L. Webster FACW Stipulate Leaf-Flower 

Phyllanthus urinaria L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Chamber-Bitter 

Phyllodoce aleutica (Spreng.) Heller FACU Aleutian Mountain-Heath 

Phyllodoce breweri (Gray) Heller FAC FAC Red Mountain-Heath 

Phyllodoce empetriformis (Sm.) D. Don FACU FACU FACU FACU Pink Mountain-Heath 

Phyllodoce glanduliflora (Hook.) Coville UPL FACU FACU FACU Yellow Mountain-Heath 

Phyllospadix scouleri Hook. OBL OBL OBL Scouler's Surf-Grass 

Phyllospadix torreyi S. Wats. OBL OBL Torrey's Surf-Grass 

Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Munro FACU FACU Black Bamboo 

Phyllostegia bracteata Sherff FACU Bracted Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia brevidens Gray FAC Mauna Kea Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia electra Forbes FACU Nehe Kuhiwa 

Phyllostegia glabra (Gaud.) Benth. FACU Ulihi Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia grandiflora (Gaud.) Benth. FAC Kapana 

Phyllostegia hirsuta Benth. FACU Molokai Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia hispida Hbd. FACU Hispid Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia kahiliensis St. John FAC Kahili Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia lantanoides Sherff FAC Oahu Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia macrophylla (Gaud.) Benth. FACU Large-Leaf Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia mannii Sherff FACU Mann's Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia renovans W.L. Wagner FACU Red-Leaf Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia stachyoides Gray FACU Maui Phyllostegia 

Phyllostegia warshaueri St. John FACU Laupahoehoe Phyllostegia



Phyllostegia wawrana Sherff FACU Fuzzy-Stem Phyllostegia 

Phymatosorus grossus (Langsd. & Fischer) Brownlie UPL UPL FACU Musk Fern 

Physalis angulata L. FACU UPL FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC UPL Cut-Leaf Ground-Cherry 

Physalis minima L. FACU FACU Pygmy Ground-Cherry 

Physalis peruviana L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Peruvian Ground-Cherry 

Physalis philadelphica Lam. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FAC Mexican Ground-Cherry 

Physalis pubescens L. UPL FACU FAC FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU Husk-Tomato 

Physaria gracilis (Hook.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz FACW FACW UPL FACW UPL UPL Spreading Bladderpod 

Physaria pallida (Torr. & Gray) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz FAC White Bladderpod 

Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze FAC FACW FACW Pacific Ninebark 

Physocarpus monogynus (Torr.) Coult. UPL FACU UPL Mountain Ninebark 

Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. FAC FACU FACW FACU FACW FACW FACU Atlantic Ninebark 

Physostegia angustifolia Fern. FACW FACW FACW FAC Narrow-Leaf False Dragonhead 

Physostegia correllii (Lundell) Shinners OBL OBL Correll's False Dragonhead 

Physostegia digitalis Small FAC FACW Finger False Dragonhead 

Physostegia godfreyi Cantino OBL Godfrey's False Dragonhead 

Physostegia intermedia (Nutt.) Engelm. & Gray FACW FACW OBL FACW Slender False Dragonhead 

Physostegia ledinghamii (Boivin) Cantino OBL Ledingham's False Dragonhead 

Physostegia leptophylla Small OBL Slender-Leaf False Dragonhead 

Physostegia longisepala Cantino FACW Long-Sepal False Dragonhead 

Physostegia parviflora Nutt. ex Gray FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Western False Dragonhead 

Physostegia pulchella Lundell FACW FACW Showy False Dragonhead 

Physostegia purpurea (Walt.) Blake FACW FACW Eastern False Dragonhead 

Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Obedient-Plant 

Phytolacca americana L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Pokeweed 

Phytolacca icosandra L. FACU FAC FAC Tropical Pokeweed 

Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Bouché FACW Venezuelan Pokeweed 

Phytolacca sandwicensis Endl. FACU Hawaii Pokeweed 

Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. FACU FAC FAC Engelmann's Spruce 

Picea glauca (Moench) Voss FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC White Spruce 

Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Black Spruce 

Picea pungens Engelm. FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC Blue Spruce 

Picea rubens Sarg. FACU FACU FACU Red Spruce 

Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. FACU FAC FAC Sitka Spruce 

Picea X lutzii Little FACU 

Pieris phillyreifolia (Hook.) DC. FACW Climbing Fetterbush



Pilea fontana (Lunell) Rydb. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW Lesser Clearweed 

Pilea herniarioides (Sw.) Lindl. OBL OBL Caribbean Clearweed 

Pilea inaequalis (Juss. ex Poir.) Weddell FACW West Indian Clearweed 

Pilea krugii Urban FACW Krug's Clearweed 

Pilea leptophylla Urban FAC Puerto Rico Clearweed 

Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Rockweed 

Pilea multicaulis Urban OBL Liquillo Mountain Clearweed 

Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Weddell FAC FAC Creeping-Charlie 

Pilea parietaria (L.) Blume OBL Verdolaguilla 

Pilea peploides (Gaud.) Hook. & Arn. FACW Pacific Island Clearweed 

Pilea pumila (L.) Gray FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW Canadian Clearweed 

Pilea semidentata (Juss. ex Poir.) Weddell FAC Cliffside Clearweed 

Pilea yunquensis (Urban) Britt. & Wilson OBL Mountain Clearweed 

Pilularia americana A. Braun OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Pillwort 

Pinckneya bracteata (Bartr.) Raf. OBL Fevertree 

Pinguicula caerulea Walt. OBL OBL Blue-Flower Butterwort 

Pinguicula ionantha Godfrey OBL Violet Butterwort 

Pinguicula lutea Walt. OBL FACW Yellow Butterwort 

Pinguicula macroceras Link OBL OBL OBL OBL California Butterwort 

Pinguicula planifolia Chapman OBL Chapman's Butterwort 

Pinguicula primuliflora Wood & Godfrey OBL OBL Southern Butterwort 

Pinguicula pumila Michx. OBL OBL OBL Small Butterwort 

Pinguicula villosa L. OBL Hairy Butterwort 

Pinguicula vulgaris L. OBL OBL OBL Common Butterwort 

Pinus banksiana Lamb. FACU FACU FACU FACU Jack Pine 

Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. FAC FAC FACU FAC Lodgepole Pine 

Pinus elliottii Engelm. FACW FACW FACW FAC FACU Slash Pine 

Pinus glabra Walt. FACW FACW Spruce Pine 

Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don FACU FACU Western White Pine 

Pinus palustris P. Mill. FAC FAC FAC Long-Leaf Pine 

Pinus ponderosa P.& C. Lawson FACU UPL FACU Ponderosa Pine 

Pinus resinosa Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Red Pine 

Pinus rigida P. Mill. FACU FACU FACU FACU Pitch Pine 

Pinus serotina Michx. FACW OBL OBL Pond Pine 

Pinus strobus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern White Pine 

Pinus taeda L. FAC FAC FAC UPL UPL Loblolly Pine



Piper aduncum L. FACW FACW UPL Spiked Pepper 

Piper betle L. FAC Betel Pepper 

Piper blattarum Spreng. FACU Moth Pepper 

Piper dilatatum L.C. Rich. FACW Higuillo 

Piper guahamense C. DC. FAC* 

Piper hispidum Sw. FACW Jamaican Pepper 

Piper jacquemontianum Kunth FACW Caracas Pepper 

Piper methysticum G. Forst. FAC Kava 

Piper swartzianum (Miq.) C. DC. OBL Spanish-Elder 

Piperia dilatata (Pursh) Szlach. & Rutk. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Scentbottle 

Piperia unalascensis (Spreng.) Rydb. FAC FACU FACU UPL FACU Alaska Rein Orchid 

Piptochaetium avenaceum (L.) Parodi UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU Black-Seed Spear Grass 

Pipturus albidus (Hook. & Arn.) Gray FAC Waimea 

Pipturus argenteus (G. Forst.) Weddell FAC* 

Pipturus forbesii Krajina FAC Forbes' Pipturus 

Pipturus kauaiensis Heller FACU Kauai Pipturus 

Pipturus ruber Heller FACU Red Pipturus 

Piriqueta cistoides (L.) Griseb. FAC FAC FAC Pitted Stripeseed 

Pisonia brunoniana Endl. FACU Australasian Catchbirdtree 

Pisonia grandis R. Br. FACU Grand Catchbirdtree 

Pisonia rotundata Griseb. FAC Smooth Catchbirdtree 

Pisonia sandwicensis Hbd. FACU Aulu 

Pisonia umbellifera (J.R. & G. Forst.) Seem. FACU Umbrella Catchbirdtree 

Pisonia wagneriana Fosberg FACU Kauai Catchbirdtree 

Pistia stratiotes L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water-Lettuce 

Pitcairnia angustifolia Ait. FAC Pina-Cortadora 

Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. UPL FACU UPL FAC Monkeypod 

Pittosporum confertiflorum Gray FACU Ho'awa 

Pittosporum gayanum Rock FAC Waialeale Cheesewood 

Pittosporum glabrum Hook. & Arn. FACU Koolau Range Cheesewood 

Pittosporum pentandrum (Blanco) Merr. FACU FACU Taiwanese Cheesewood 

Pityopsis graminifolia (Michx.) Nutt. UPL UPL FACU UPL Narrow-Leaf Silk-Grass 

Pityopsis oligantha (Chapman ex Torr. & Gray) Small FACW FAC Coastal-Plain Silk-Grass 

Pityrogramma austroamericana Domin UPL FACU Leather-Leaf Gold-Back Fern 

Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link UPL UPL FAC Dixie Silver-Back Fern 

Pityrogramma ebenea (L.) Proctor FAC Mountain Silver-Back Fern



Pityrogramma sulphurea (Sw.) Maxon FACU Jamaican Gold-Back Fern 

Pityrogramma trifoliata (L.) R. Tryon FAC FACW Three-Leaf Gold-Back Fern 

Plagiobothrys acanthocarpus (Piper) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Adobe Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys austiniae (Greene) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Austin's Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys bracteatus (T.J. Howell) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Bracted Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys chorisianus (Cham.) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Artist's Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys distantiflorus (Piper) I.M. Johnston ex M.E. Peck OBL OBL California Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys figuratus (Piper) I.M. Johnston ex M.E. Peck OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Fragrant Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys glaber (Gray) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Hairless Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys glyptocarpus (Piper) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Sculptured Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys greenei (Gray) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Greene's Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys hirtus (Greene) I.M. Johnston OBL Rough Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys hispidulus (Greene) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Harsh Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys humistratus (Greene) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Dwarf Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys hystriculus (Piper) I.M. Johnston FACW Bearded Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys leptocladus (Greene) I.M. Johnston OBL FACW FACW Alkali Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys lithocaryus (Greene ex Gray) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Mayacamas Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys mollis (Gray) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Soft Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys nothofulvus (Gray) Gray FAC FAC Rusty Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys orientalis (L.) I.M. Johnston FACW Oriental Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys parishii I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Parish's Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys reticulatus (Piper) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Netted Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys salsus (Brandeg.) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Salty Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys scouleri (Hook. & Arn.) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Meadow Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys stipitatus (Greene) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW Stalked Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys strictus (Greene) I.M. Johnston OBL Calistoga Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys tenellus (Nutt. ex Hook.) Gray FACU FAC Pacific Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys tener (Greene) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Slender Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys trachycarpus (Gray) I.M. Johnston FACW FACW FACW Rough-Fruit Popcorn-Flower 

Plagiobothrys undulatus (Piper) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Wavy-Stem Popcorn-Flower 

Planera aquatica J.F. Gmel. OBL OBL OBL OBL Planertree 

Planodes virginicum (L.) Greene FACU FAC UPL FAC FACU FACU FAC Virginia Winged Rockcress 

Plantago arenaria Waldst. & Kit. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Sand Plantain 

Plantago australis Lam. FACW FAC FACW Mexican Plantain 

Plantago bigelovii Gray OBL OBL Annual Coastal Plantain 

Plantago cordata Lam. OBL OBL OBL OBL Heart-Leaf Plantain



Plantago coronopus L. UPL FACW UPL FAC FACU FACW Buck-Horn Plantain 

Plantago elongata Pursh FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Prairie Plantain 

Plantago eriopoda Torr. FACU FACW FAC FAC FAC FACW Red-Woolly Plantain 

Plantago firma Kunze ex Walp. FACW FACW Chilean Plantain 

Plantago heterophylla Nutt. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Slender Plantain 

Plantago lanceolata L. FACU FACU FAC FACW UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU English Plantain 

Plantago macrocarpa Cham. & Schlecht. FACW OBL Alaska Plantain 

Plantago major L. FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC Great Plantain 

Plantago maritima L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Goosetongue 

Plantago ovata Forssk. FACU FAC FACU Blond Plantain 

Plantago pachyphylla Gray FACW Maui Plantain 

Plantago princeps Cham. & Schlecht. FAC Ale 

Plantago pusilla Nutt. FACU UPL FAC FACU FACU Dwarf Plantain 

Plantago rhodosperma Dcne. UPL FAC UPL FACU FACU UPL Red-Seed Plantain 

Plantago rugelii Dcne. FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU Black-Seed Plantain 

Plantago sparsiflora Michx. FACW Pineland Plantain 

Plantago subnuda Pilger FACW FACW Tall Coastal Plantain 

Plantago virginica L. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Pale-Seed Plantain 

Platanthera aquilonis Sheviak OBL FACW Bog Orchid 

Platanthera blephariglottis (Willd.) Lindl. OBL OBL OBL OBL White Fringed Orchid 

Platanthera brevifolia (Greene) Kranzlin FAC Short-Leaf Fringed Orchid 

Platanthera chapmanii (Small) Luer FACW Chapman's Fringed Orchid 

Platanthera chorisiana (Cham.) Reichenb. OBL OBL Choriso Bog Orchid 

Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Yellow Fringed Orchid 

Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Green Woodland Orchid 

Platanthera conspicua (Nash) P.M. Brown FACW FACW 

Platanthera cristata (Michx.) Lindl. OBL FACW OBL FACW Crested Yellow Orchid 

Platanthera fissa (R. Br.) Lindl. FACW FACW FACW FACW Pride-of-the-Peak 

Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Pale-Green Orchid 

Platanthera grandiflora (Bigelow) Lindl. FACW FACW FACW Greater Purple Fringed Orchid 

Platanthera hookeri (Torr. ex Gray) Lindl. FAC FAC FAC FAC Hooker's Orchid 

Platanthera huronensis (Nutt.) Lindl. OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL Lake Huron Green Orchid 

Platanthera integra (Nutt.) Gray ex Beck OBL OBL Yellow Fringeless Orchid 

Platanthera integrilabia (Correll) Luer OBL OBL White Fringeless Orchid 

Platanthera lacera (Michx.) G. Don FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Green Fringed Orchid 

Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindl. OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW Prairie White Fringed Orchid



Platanthera limosa Lindl. OBL OBL OBL Thurber's Bog Orchid 

Platanthera macrophylla (Goldie) P.M. Brown FACW FAC Greater Round-Leaf Orchid 

Platanthera nivea (Nutt.) Luer FACW FACW FACW Snowy Orchid 

Platanthera obtusata (Banks ex Pursh) Lindl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Blunt-Leaf Orchid 

Platanthera orbiculata (Pursh) Lindl. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Lesser Round-Leaf Orchid 

Platanthera psycodes (L.) Lindl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Lesser Purple Fringed Orchid 

Platanthera rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Lindl. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Round-Leaf Orchid 

Platanthera sparsiflora (S. Wats.) Schlechter FACW FACW FACW Canyon Bog Orchid 

Platanthera stricta Lindl. FACW FACW FACW FACW Slender Bog Orchid 

Platanthera tescamnis Sheviak & Jennings OBL OBL OBL Intermountain Bog Orchid 

Platanthera tipuloides (L.) Lindl. FACW Aleutian Bog Orchid 

Platanthera X andrewsii (M. White) Luer OBL OBL OBL 

Platanthera X apalachicola P.M. Brown & S. Stewart FACW 

Platanthera X lassenii Schrenk FACW FACW 

Platanthera X osceola P.M. Brown & S. Stewart FACW 

Platanus occidentalis L. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW American Sycamore 

Platanus racemosa Nutt. FAC FACW California Sycamore 

Platanus wrightii S. Wats. FACW FACW Arizona Sycamore 

Platydesma remyi 

(Sherff) O.& I. Deg., Sherff & B.C. 

Stone 

FACU 

Hawaii Pilo Kea 

Platydesma spathulata (Gray) B.C. Stone FAC Maui Pilo Kea 

Platythelys latifolia (L.) Garay & Ormerod FACW Jug Orchid 

Plectritis ciliosa (Greene) Jepson FACU FACU Long-Spur Seablush 

Plectritis congesta (Lindl.) DC. FACU FACU Short-Spur Seablush 

Plectritis macrocera Torr. & Gray FACU FACU White Seablush 

Pleea tenuifolia Michx. OBL Rush-Featherling 

Pleomele fernaldii St. John FAC Lanai Hala Pepe 

Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU Resurrection Fern 

Pleuropogon californicus (Nees) Benth. ex Vasey OBL OBL California False Semaphore 

Grass 

Pleuropogon hooverianus (L. Benson) J.T. Howell FACW FACW North Coast False Semaphore 

Grass 

Pleuropogon oregonus Chase OBL OBL Oregon False Semaphore Grass 

Pleuropogon refractus (Gray) Benth. ex Vasey OBL OBL Nodding False Semaphore 

Grass 

Pluchea baccharis (P. Mill.) Pruski FACW FACW Rosy Camphorweed 

Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Plowman's-Wort



Pluchea carolinensis (Jacq.) G. Don FACW FACW FAC Cure-For-All 

Pluchea foetida (L.) DC. OBL OBL FACW Stinking Camphorweed 

Pluchea indica (L.) Less. FAC Indian Camphorweed 

Pluchea longifolia Nash OBL Long-Leaf Camphorweed 

Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Sweetscent 

Pluchea sagittalis (Lam.) Cabrera OBL Wing-Stem Camphorweed 

Pluchea sericea (Nutt.) Coville FACW FAC FACW Arrow-Weed 

Plumbago auriculata Lam. UPL UPL UPL FACU Cape Leadwort 

Plumbago zeylanica L. UPL FAC UPL FAC FACU Wild Leadwort 

Pneumatopteris hudsoniana (Brack.) Holttum FACU Hudson's Air Fern 

Pneumatopteris sandwicensis (Brack.) Holttum FAC Hawaii Air Fern 

Poa abbreviata R. Br. FACU FACU FAC FACU Northern Blue Grass 

Poa alpina L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Alpine Blue Grass 

Poa alsodes Gray UPL FACW FACW FAC Grove Blue Grass 

Poa annua L. FACU FAC FACU OBL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Annual Blue Grass 

Poa arctica R. Br. FAC FACU FACW FACU Arctic Blue Grass 

Poa arida Vasey FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL Prairie Blue Grass 

Poa arnowiae Soreng FACU FACU Arnow's Blue Grass 

Poa atropurpurea Scribn. FACW San Bernardino Blue Grass 

Poa autumnalis Muhl. ex Ell. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Autumn Blue Grass 

Poa chapmaniana Scribn. FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU Chapman's Blue Grass 

Poa compressa L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Flat-Stem Blue Grass 

Poa douglasii Nees FACU FACU Seashore Blue Grass 

Poa eminens J. Presl FAC Large-Flower Blue Grass 

Poa interior Rydb. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Inland Blue Grass 

Poa leibergii Scribn. FACU FACU Leiberg's Blue Grass 

Poa leptocoma Trin. FAC FACW OBL FACW Marsh Blue Grass 

Poa macrantha Vasey UPL UPL FACU Sand-Dune Blue Grass 

Poa macrocalyx Trautv. & C.A. Mey. FAC Large-Glume Blue Grass 

Poa mannii Munro ex Hbd. FAC Olokele Gulch Blue Grass 

Poa marcida A.S. Hitchc. FACW Withered Blue Grass 

Poa napensis Beetle OBL Napa Blue Grass 

Poa nemoralis L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Forest Blue Grass 

Poa nervosa (Hook.) Vasey FACU Hooker's Blue Grass 

Poa paludigena Fern. & Wieg. FACW FACW OBL OBL Bog Blue Grass 

Poa palustris L. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Fowl Blue Grass



Poa pratensis L. FACU FACU FAC OBL FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC Kentucky Blue Grass 

Poa pseudoabbreviata Rosh. FAC Polar Blue Grass 

Poa reflexa Vasey & Scribn. FAC OBL OBL Nodding Blue Grass 

Poa sandvicensis (Reichart) A.S. Hitchc. FAC Hawaii Blue Grass 

Poa secunda J. Presl FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Curly Blue Grass 

Poa siphonoglossa Hack. FAC Kauai Blue Grass 

Poa stebbinsii Soreng FACU FACU Subalpine Blue Grass 

Poa stenantha Trin. FAC FACU FAC FACU Narrow-Flower Blue Grass 

Poa sylvestris Gray FACW FACW FAC FAC FAC Woodland Blue Grass 

Poa trivialis L. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Rough-Stalk Blue Grass 

Poa unilateralis Scribn. FACU FACU San Francisco Blue Grass 

Podagrostis aequivalvis (Trin.) Scribn. & Merr. OBL OBL Arctic False Bent 

Podagrostis humilis (Vasey) Björkman FACW FACW FACW FACW Alpine False Bent 

Podocarpus coriaceus L.C. Rich. FAC Yucca Plum-Pine 

Podophyllum peltatum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU May-Apple 

Podostemum ceratophyllum Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL Horn-Leaf Riverweed 

Pogogyne abramsii J.T. Howell OBL San Diego Mesa-Mint 

Pogogyne clareana J.T. Howell FACW Santa Lucia Mesa-Mint 

Pogogyne douglasii Benth. OBL OBL Douglas' Mesa-Mint 

Pogogyne floribunda Jokerst OBL OBL Profuse-Flower Mesa-Mint 

Pogogyne nudiuscula Gray OBL Otay Mesa-Mint 

Pogogyne serpylloides (Torr.) Gray FACW FACW Thyme-Leaf Mesa-Mint 

Pogogyne ziziphoroides Benth. OBL OBL Sacramento Mesa-Mint 

Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker-Gawl. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Snake-Mouth Orchid 

Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU Red-Whisker Clammyweed 

Polemonium acutiflorum Willd. ex Roemer & J.A. Schultes FAC Tall Jacob's-Ladder 

Polemonium caeruleum L. FACW FACW Charity 

Polemonium foliosissimum Gray FAC FAC FACU Towering Jacob's-Ladder 

Polemonium micranthum Benth. FACU FACU FACU FACU Annual Jacob's-Ladder 

Polemonium occidentale Greene FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Western Jacob's-Ladder 

Polemonium pauciflorum S. Wats. FACW Few-Flower Jacob's-Ladder 

Polemonium reptans L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Greek-Valerian 

Polemonium vanbruntiae Britt. FACW FACW FACW Bog Jacob's-Ladder 

Polyctenium fremontii (S. Wats.) Greene FAC FAC Desert Combleaf 

Polygala ambigua Nutt. FACU FACU FACU FACU Alternate Milkwort 

Polygala balduinii Nutt. OBL Baldwin's Milkwort



Polygala brevifolia Nutt. FACW OBL Little-Leaf Milkwort 

Polygala chapmanii Torr. & Gray OBL Chapman's Milkwort 

Polygala crenata C.W. James FACW Scalloped Milkwort 

Polygala cruciata L. OBL OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW Drumheads 

Polygala cymosa Walt. OBL OBL Tall Pine-Barren Milkwort 

Polygala hookeri Torr. & Gray FACW Hooker's Milkwort 

Polygala incarnata L. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Procession-Flower 

Polygala longicaulis Kunth FAC FAC Long-Stem Milkwort 

Polygala lutea L. FACW FACW FACW Orange Milkwort 

Polygala mariana P. Mill. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Maryland Milkwort 

Polygala nana (Michx.) DC. FACW FAC Candyroot 

Polygala nuttallii Torr. & Gray FACW FAC FAC Nuttall's Milkwort 

Polygala paniculata L. FACU FACU Orosne 

Polygala polygama Walt. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Racemed Milkwort 

Polygala ramosa Ell. OBL FACW OBL Low Pine-Barren Milkwort 

Polygala rugelii Shuttlw. ex Chapman FACW Yellow Milkwort 

Polygala sanguinea L. FAC FAC FACW FACU FACU FAC Purple Milkwort 

Polygala senega L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Seneca-Snakeroot 

Polygala setacea Michx. FACW Coastal-Plain Milkwort 

Polygala smallii R.R. Sm. & Ward FACU Tiny Milkwort 

Polygala tenella Willd. FACW FACW Swamp Milkwort 

Polygala verticillata L. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Whorled Milkwort 

Polygaloides paucifolia (Willd.) J.R. Abbott FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Gaywings 

Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU King Solomon's-Seal 

Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh FACU Hairy Solomon's-Seal 

Polygonum achoreum Blake FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Leathery Knotweed 

Polygonum argyrocoleon Steud. ex Kunze OBL FAC OBL FAC FAC Silver-Sheath Knotweed 

Polygonum austiniae Greene FACU FACU FACU Mrs. Austin's Knotweed 

Polygonum aviculare L. FAC FAC FACW UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC Yard Knotweed 

Polygonum douglasii Greene FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Douglas' Knotweed 

Polygonum engelmannii Greene FACU FACU FACU Engelmann's Knotweed 

Polygonum erectum L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Erect Knotweed 

Polygonum fowleri B.L. Robins. FAC FACW FACW FACW Fowler's Knotweed 

Polygonum glaucum Nutt. FACU FACU FACU Seaside Knotweed 

Polygonum kelloggii Greene FACW FACW FACW Kellogg's Knotweed 

Polygonum majus (Meisn.) Piper FACU FACU Wiry Knotweed



Polygonum marinense Mert. & Raven OBL OBL Marin Knotweed 

Polygonum minimum S. Wats. FACU FACU FAC FACU Zigzag Knotweed 

Polygonum parryi Greene FAC FAC Parry's Knotweed 

Polygonum patulum Bieb. UPL FACW UPL UPL FACW Bellard's Knotweed 

Polygonum polygaloides Wallich ex Meisn. FACW FACW White-Margin Knotweed 

Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. FACU FACU FAC FAC FACW FACU FAC FAC Yellow-Flower Knotweed 

Polygonum sawatchense Small FACU FACU FACU Sawatch Knotweed 

Polygonum spergulariiforme Meisn. ex Small FACU FACU FACU Fall Knotweed 

Polygonum striatulum B.L. Robins. FACW FACW FACW Striped Knotweed 

Polypodium pellucidum Kaulfuss FACU Dotted Polypody 

Polypogon australis Brongn. FACW FACW Chilean Rabbit's-Foot Grass 

Polypogon elongatus Kunth OBL OBL OBL Streambank Rabbit's-Foot Grass 

Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud. FACU FACW Hill Rabbit's-Foot Grass 

Polypogon interruptus Kunth OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Ditch Rabbit's-Foot Grass 

Polypogon maritimus Willd. OBL OBL FACW OBL Maritime Rabbit's-Foot Grass 

Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Annual Rabbit's-Foot Grass 

Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr. OBL FACW FACU OBL FAC FACW FACW Beardless Rabbit's-Foot Grass 

Polypremum procumbens L. FACU FACU FAC UPL UPL UPL Juniper-Leaf 

Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Christmas Fern 

Polystichum lonchitis (L.) Roth UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU Northern Holly Fern 

Polystichum munitum (Kaulfuss) K. Presl FACU FACU FACU FACU Pineland Sword Fern 

Pontederia cordata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pickerelweed 

Ponthieva racemosa (Walt.) C. Mohr FACW FAC OBL Hairy Shadow-Witch 

Populus angustifolia James FACW FACW FACW Narrow-Leaf Cottonwood 

Populus balsamifera L. FACW FACU FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Balsam Poplar 

Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Eastern Cottonwood 

Populus grandidentata Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Big-Tooth Aspen 

Populus heterophylla L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp Cottonwood 

Populus tremula L. FACU FAC European Aspen 

Populus tremuloides Michx. FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Quaking Aspen 

Populus X acuminata Rydb. (pro sp.) FAC FAC FAC 

Populus X hinckleyana Correll (pro sp.) FAC FAC FACU 

Porterella carnosula (Hook. & Arn.) Torr. OBL OBL Porterplant 

Portulaca grandiflora Hook. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL Rose-Moss 

Portulaca halimoides L. FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW Silk-Cotton Purslane 

Portulaca oleracea L. FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Little-Hogweed



Portulaca pilosa L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Kiss-Me-Quick 

Portulaca sclerocarpa Gray FACU Ihi Makole 

Portulaca umbraticola Kunth FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Wing-Pod Purslane 

Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile OBL Mediterranean Tapeweed 

Potamogeton alpinus Balbis OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Reddish Pondweed 

Potamogeton amplifolius Tuckerman OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Large-Leaf Pondweed 

Potamogeton berchtoldii Fieber OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Little Aguja Pondweed 

Potamogeton bicupulatus Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL Snail-Seed Pondweed 

Potamogeton clystocarpus Fern. OBL Little Aguja Pondweed 

Potamogeton confervoides Reichenb. OBL OBL OBL OBL Tuckerman's Pondweed 

Potamogeton crispus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Curly Pondweed 

Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Waterthread 

Potamogeton epihydrus Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Ribbon-Leaf Pondweed 

Potamogeton floridanus Small OBL Florida Pondweed 

Potamogeton foliosus Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Leafy Pondweed 

Potamogeton friesii Rupr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Flat-Stalk Pondweed 

Potamogeton gramineus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Grassy Pondweed 

Potamogeton hillii Morong OBL OBL Hill's Pondweed 

Potamogeton illinoensis Morong OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Illinois Pondweed 

Potamogeton marianensis Cham. & Schlecht. OBL* 

Potamogeton natans L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Broad-Leaf Pondweed 

Potamogeton nodosus Poir. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Long-Leaf Pondweed 

Potamogeton oakesianus J.W. Robbins OBL OBL OBL OBL Oakes' Pondweed 

Potamogeton obtusifolius Mert. & Koch OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Blunt-Leaf Pondweed 

Potamogeton ogdenii Hellquist & Hilton OBL Ogden's Pondweed 

Potamogeton perfoliatus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Clasping-Leaf Pondweed 

Potamogeton praelongus Wulfen OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL White-Stem Pondweed 

Potamogeton pulcher Tuckerman OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Spotted Pondweed 

Potamogeton pusillus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Small Pondweed 

Potamogeton richardsonii (Benn.) Rydb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Red-Head Pondweed 

Potamogeton robbinsii Oakes OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Fern Pondweed 

Potamogeton spirillus Tuckerman OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Spiral Pondweed 

Potamogeton strictifolius Benn. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Straight-Leaf Pondweed 

Potamogeton subsibiricus Hagstr. OBL Yenisei River Pondweed 

Potamogeton tennesseensis Fern. OBL OBL OBL Tennessee Pondweed 

Potamogeton tricarinatus F. Muell. & Benn. OBL Floating Pondweed



Potamogeton vaseyi J.W. Robbins OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Vasey's Pondweed 

Potamogeton X argutulus Hagstr. OBL OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X faxonii Morong (pro sp.) OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X griffithii Benn. (pro sp.) OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X hagstroemii Benn. (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X haynesii Hellquist & Crow OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X mysticus Morong (pro sp.) OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X nericus Hagstr. OBL 

Potamogeton X nitens G.H. Weber (pro sp.) OBL 

Potamogeton X prussicus Hagstr. OBL 

Potamogeton X rectifolius Benn. OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X scoliophyllus Hagstr. OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X spathuliformis (J.W. Robbins) Morong (pro sp.) OBL OBL 

Potamogeton X subsessilis Hagstr. OBL 

Potamogeton zosteriformis Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Flat-Stem Pondweed 

Potentilla anserina L. OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW FACW FACW OBL Silverweed 

Potentilla argentea L. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Silver-Leaf Cinquefoil 

Potentilla basaltica Tiehm & Ertter FACW FACW Soldier Meadows Cinquefoil 

Potentilla biennis Greene FACW FACW FACW Biennial Cinquefoil 

Potentilla breweri S. Wats. FAC FAC Brewer's Cinquefoil 

Potentilla bruceae Rydb. FAC FAC Bruce's Cinquefoil 

Potentilla drummondii Lehm. UPL FAC FAC Drummond's Cinquefoil 

Potentilla flabellifolia Hook. ex Torr. & Gray FACW FAC Fringe-Leaf Cinquefoil 

Potentilla glaucophylla Lehm. FACW FACU FACW FACU Mountain-Meadow Cinquefoil 

Potentilla gracilis Dougl. ex Hook. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Graceful Cinquefoil 

Potentilla hickmanii Eastw. FACW FACW Hickman's Cinquefoil 

Potentilla indica (Andr.) T. Wolf FACU UPL FACU FAC FACU FACU UPL Indian-Strawberry 

Potentilla millefolia Rydb. FACW FACW Cut-Leaf Cinquefoil 

Potentilla multijuga Lehm. OBL Ballona Cinquefoil 

Potentilla newberryi Gray OBL OBL Newberry's Cinquefoil 

Potentilla norvegica L. FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC Norwegian Cinquefoil 

Potentilla pensylvanica L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Pennsylvania Cinquefoil 

Potentilla plattensis Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Platte River Cinquefoil 

Potentilla pulcherrima Lehm. FAC FAC FAC FAC Soft Cinquefoil 

Potentilla rivalis Nutt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Brook Cinquefoil 

Potentilla rubricaulis Lehm. FACU FACU FACU FACU Rocky Mountain Cinquefoil



Potentilla simplex Michx. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Oldfield Cinquefoil 

Potentilla supina L. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Bushy Cinquefoil 

Potentilla thurberi Gray FACW FACW FACW Scarlet Cinquefoil 

Potentilla X nana Willd. ex Schlecht. FAC FAC FAC FAC 

Poterium sanguisorba L. FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC UPL 

Pouteria multiflora (A. DC.) Eyma FACU Bullytree 

Pouteria obovata (R. Br.) Baehni FACU* 

Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.) Benn. FAC Graceful Pouzolz's-Bush 

Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl. UPL FAC Small Prescott Orchid 

Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindl. FACW Mountain Prescott Orchid 

Prestoea acuminata (Willd.) H.E. Moore FACW Sierran Palm 

Primula alcalina Cholewa & D. Henderson OBL OBL Blue-Dome Primrose 

Primula angustifolia Torr. FACU FAC FACU Alpine Primrose 

Primula capillaris N.& A. Holmgren FACW Ruby Mountain Primrose 

Primula cuneifolia Ledeb. OBL Pixie-Eyes 

Primula cusickiana (Gray) Gray FAC FAC Wallowa Primrose 

Primula egaliksensis Wormsk. ex Hornem. FACW OBL FACW OBL Greenland Primrose 

Primula incana M.E. Jones FACW OBL FACW OBL Silvery Primrose 

Primula laurentiana Fern. FAC Bird-Eye Primrose 

Primula mistassinica Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW Lake Mistassini Primrose 

Primula nutans Georgi FACW Sleepy Primrose 

Primula parryi Gray FAC FAC FAC Brook Primrose 

Primula rusbyi Greene FAC FAC FAC Rusby's Primrose 

Primula suffrutescens Gray FAC FAC Sierran Primrose 

Primula tschuktschorum Kjellm. FACW Chukchi Primrose 

Pristimera caribaea (Urban) A.C. Sm. FAC Bejuco-Prieto 

Pritchardia affinis Becc. FACU Hawaii Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia arecina Becc. FAC Maui Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia beccariana Rock FAC Kilauea Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia flynnii D.H. Lorence & Gemmill FACU Flynn's Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia forbesiana Rock FAC Mt. Eke Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia hardyi Rock FAC Makaleha Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia hillebrandii (Kuntze) Becc. FAC Lo'ulu Lelo 

Pritchardia kaalae Rock FACU Waianae Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia lanaiensis Becc. & Rock FACU Lanai Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia lanigera Becc. FAC Lo'ulu



Pritchardia limahuliensis St. John FAC Limahuli Valley Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia lowreyana Rock FACU Molokai Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia martii (Gaud.) H. Wendl. FAC Koolau Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia minor Becc. FAC Alakai Swamp Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia munroi Rock FACU Kamalo Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia remota Becc. FACU Nihoa Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia viscosa Rock FAC Sticky-Bud Lo'ulu 

Pritchardia waialealeana R.W. Read FAC Poleline Lo'ulu 

Proboscidea louisiana (P. Mill.) Thellung FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU Ram's-Horn 

Procris pedunculata (J.R. & G. Forst.) Weddell FACU Shrubby-Nettle 

Prosartes trachycarpa S. Wats. FACU UPL UPL FACU Rough-Fruit Fairybells 

Proserpinaca intermedia Mackenzie OBL OBL OBL Intermediate Mermaidweed 

Proserpinaca palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Mermaidweed 

Proserpinaca pectinata Lam. OBL OBL OBL OBL Comb-Leaf Mermaidweed 

Prosopis glandulosa Torr. UPL UPL FAC UPL FACU UPL UPL Honey Mesquite 

Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. UPL FACU Mesquite 

Prosopis pallida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kunth FAC FACU Kiawe 

Prosopis pubescens Benth. FAC FAC FAC American Screw-Bean 

Prosopis velutina Woot. FACU FACU FACU Velvet Mesquite 

Prunella vulgaris L. FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Common Selfheal 

Prunus americana Marsh. UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU American Plum 

Prunus avium (L.) L. FACU Sweet Cherry 

Prunus caroliniana Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Carolina Laurel Cherry 

Prunus emarginata (Dougl.) D. Dietr. FACU FAC FACU Bitter Cherry 

Prunus nigra Ait. UPL FACU FACU FACU Canadian Plum 

Prunus occidentalis Sw. FAC Western Cherry-Laurel 

Prunus padus L. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL European Bird Cherry 

Prunus pensylvanica L. f. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Fire Cherry 

Prunus serotina Ehrh. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Black Cherry 

Prunus virginiana L. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Choke Cherry 

Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski UPL UPL FACU FAC FAC Russian-Wild Rye 

Psathyrotes annua (Nutt.) Gray FACU UPL Mealy Turtleback 

Pseudelephantopus spicatus (Juss. ex Aubl.) C.F. Baker FACU UPL FAC Dog's-Tongue 

Pseuderanthemum variabile (R. Br.) Radlk. FAC UPL FACU Night-and-Afternoon 

Pseudognaphalium canescens (DC.) A. Anderb. FACU UPL FACU Wright's Rabbit-Tobacco 

Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum (L.) Hilliard & Burtt FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW Jersey Rabbit-Tobacco



Pseudognaphalium stramineum (Kunth) A. Anderb. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Cotton-Batting-Plant 

Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Holub OBL OBL FACW FACW FACW Carolina False Clubmoss 

Pseudophegopteris keraudreniana (Gaud.) Holttum FACU False Beech Fern 

Pseudophoenix sargentii H. Wendl. ex Sarg. FACU UPL Florida Cherry Palm 

Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Douglas-Fir 

Psidium cattleianum Sabine FACU FACU UPL FACU Purple Strawberry Guava 

Psidium guajava L. FAC UPL UPL FACU Guava 

Psidium sintenisii (Kiaersk.) Alain FAC Sintenis' Guava 

Psilactis asteroides Gray FACW FACW FACW New Mexico Bare-Ray-Aster 

Psilocarphus brevissimus Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Dwarf Woollyheads 

Psilocarphus chilensis Gray FACW FACW Chilean Woollyheads 

Psilocarphus elatior (Gray) Gray FACW FACW Tall Woollyheads 

Psilocarphus oregonus Nutt. OBL OBL Oregon Woollyheads 

Psilocarphus tenellus Nutt. OBL OBL Slender Woollyheads 

Psilochilus macrophyllus (Lindl.) Ames FACW Ragged-Lip Orchid 

Psilotum complanatum Sw. FAC Flat Fork Fern 

Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv. FAC FACW UPL FACU FACW FACU Whisk Fern 

Psilotum X intermedium W.H. Wagner FACU 

Psorothamnus arborescens (Torr. ex Gray) Barneby FACU FACU Mojave Smokebush 

Psychotria berteriana DC. FAC Cachimbo-Cumun 

Psychotria brachiata Sw. FAC Palo-de-Cachimbo 

Psychotria domingensis Jacq. FAC Cheakyberry 

Psychotria fauriei (Levl.) Fosberg FAC Koolau Range Wild Coffee 

Psychotria grandiflora Mann FACU Large-Flower Wild Coffee 

Psychotria grandis Sw. FAC Cachimbo-Grande 

Psychotria hathewayi Fosberg FACU Waianae Range Wild Coffee 

Psychotria hawaiiensis (Gray) Fosberg FACU Kopiko 'Ula 

Psychotria hexandra Mann FACU Woodland Wild Coffee 

Psychotria honbroniana Hook. f. FACU* 

Psychotria kaduana (Cham. & Schlecht.) Fosberg FACU Kopiko Kea 

Psychotria mariniana (Cham. & Schlecht.) Fosberg FACU Forest Wild Coffee 

Psychotria mauiensis Fosberg FACU Opiko 

Psychotria nervosa Sw. FAC FAC Seminole Balsamo 

Psychotria rotensis Kaneh. FACU* 

Psychotria tenuifolia Sw. FACW FACU Short-Leaf Wild Coffee 

Psychotria uliginosa Sw. FACW Tres-Cabezas



Ptelea trifoliata L. FACU UPL FAC FAC FACU FACU UPL Common Hoptree 

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Northern Bracken Fern 

Pteris altissima Poir. OBL Tall Brake 

Pteris arborea L. FACW Tree Brake 

Pteris biaurita L. FACW Thin-Leaf Brake 

Pteris excelsa Gaud. FACU Waimakanui 

Pteris grandifolia L. OBL OBL Elephant-Leaf Brake 

Pteris hillebrandii Copeland FACU Hillebrand's Brake 

Pteris irregularis Kaulfuss FACU Zigzag Brake 

Pteris longifolia L. UPL FACU Long-Leaf Brake 

Pteris lydgatei (Baker) Christ FACW Lidgate's Brake 

Pteris plumula Desv. FAC FACW Striped Brake 

Pteris pungens Willd. OBL Sharp Brake 

Pteris tripartita Sw. FACW UPL FACU* Giant Brake 

Pteris vittata L. FAC FACW UPL FAC FAC FACU Ladder Brake 

Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq. OBL Dragon's-Blood-Tree 

Pterocaulon pycnostachyum (Michx.) Ell. FACU FACU Dense-Spike Blackroot 

Pterocaulon virgatum (L.) DC. FAC FAC FAC Wand Blackroot 

Pterolepis glomerata (Rottb.) Miq. UPL FAC False Meadow-Beauty 

Ptilagrostis kingii (Boland.) Barkworth FACU FACU Sierran False Needle Grass 

Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL Herbwilliam 

Ptilimnium costatum (Ell.) Raf. FACW FACW OBL OBL Ribbed Mock Bishopweed 

Ptilimnium nuttallii (DC.) Britt. FAC FACW FACW FACW Laceflower 

Puccinellia andersonii Swallen OBL Anderson's Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia angustata (R. Br.) Rand & Redf. FACW Northern Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia arctica (Hook.) Fern. & Weatherby FAC Arctic Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl. OBL FACW OBL FACW OBL FACW FACW Spreading Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia fasciculata (Torr.) Bickn. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Saltmarsh Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia hauptiana (Trin. ex Krecz.) Kitagawa FACW Amphi-Beringian Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia howellii J.I. Davis OBL OBL Howell's Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia hultenii Swallen OBL Port Hobron Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia kamtschatica Holmb. OBL Alaska Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia lemmonii (Vasey) Scribn. FACW FAC Lemmon's Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia lucida Fern. & Weatherby OBL Shining Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia maritima (Huds.) Parl. OBL OBL OBL OBL Seaside Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia nutkaensis (J. Presl) Fern. & Weatherby OBL OBL FACW FACW OBL Nootka Alkali Grass



Puccinellia nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Nuttall's Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia parishii A.S. Hitchc. OBL OBL Parish's Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia phryganodes (Trin.) Scribn. & Merr. OBL Creeping Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia pumila (Vasey) A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW FACW Dwarf Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia simplex Scribn. FACW FACW California Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia tenella (Lange) Holmb. ex Porsild OBL FACW Tundra Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia vaginata (Lange) Fern. & Weatherby FACW Arctic Tussock Alkali Grass 

Puccinellia wrightii (Scribn. & Merr.) Tzvelev OBL Wright's Alkali Grass 

Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. FACU UPL UPL FAC UPL UPL UPL Kudzu 

Pulicaria paludosa Link FAC Spanish False Fleabane 

Pycnanthemum albescens Torr. & Gray FAC UPL FAC UPL White-Leaf Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum flexuosum (Walt.) B.S.P. FACW FACW Appalachian Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum floridanum E. Grant & Epling FAC Florida Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum muticum (Michx.) Pers. FAC FACW UPL FAC FAC Clustered Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum nudum Nutt. FACW Coastal-Plain Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum setosum Nutt. FACU FACU Awned Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad. FACW FACW FAC FAC FAC Narrow-Leaf Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. UPL FAC FACW UPL FACU Whorled Mountain-Mint 

Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jackson ex B.L. 

Robins. & Fern. 

FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Virginia Mountain-Mint 

Pyrola americana Sweet FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU American Wintergreen 

Pyrola asarifolia Michx. FACU FAC FACU FACW FACW FACU Pink Wintergreen 

Pyrola chlorantha Sw. UPL FACU FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Green-Flower Wintergreen 

Pyrola elliptica Nutt. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Shinleaf 

Pyrola grandiflora Radius FAC Arctic Wintergreen 

Pyrola minor L. FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU Snowline Wintergreen 

Pyrrocoma hirta (Gray) Greene FAC UPL Tacky Goldenweed 

Pyrrocoma lanceolata (Hook.) Greene FAC FACU FAC Lance-Leaf Goldenweed 

Pyrrocoma racemosa (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray FAC FAC Clustered Goldenweed 

Pyrrocoma uniflora (Hook.) Greene FACW FAC FACW Plantain Goldenweed 

Pyrularia pubera Michx. FACU UPL UPL Buffalo-Nut 

Pyxidanthera barbulata Michx. FAC FACU FACU Flowering Pixie-Moss 

Quadrella jamaicensis (Jacq.) J. Presl FAC UPL Jamaican Capertree 

Quararibea turbinata (Sw.) Poir. FAC Swizzlestick-Tree 

Quercus alba L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Northern White Oak 

Quercus bicolor Willd. FACW FACW FACW FACW Swamp White Oak



Quercus falcata Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Southern Red Oak 

Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook. UPL FACU Oregon White Oak 

Quercus hemisphaerica Bartr. ex Willd. FACU FACU FACW Darlington's Oak 

Quercus imbricaria Michx. FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Shingle Oak 

Quercus laurifolia Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW Laurel Oak 

Quercus lobata Née FACU FACU Valley Oak 

Quercus lyrata Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Overcup Oak 

Quercus macrocarpa Michx. FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Burr Oak 

Quercus michauxii Nutt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Swamp Chestnut Oak 

Quercus minima (Sarg.) Small FAC FAC Dwarf Live Oak 

Quercus montana Willd. UPL UPL FACU UPL Chestnut Oak 

Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. UPL FAC UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU Chinkapin Oak 

Quercus nigra L. FAC FAC FAC FACW Water Oak 

Quercus oglethorpensis Duncan FAC FAC Oglethorpe Oak 

Quercus pagoda Raf. FACW FACW FAC FACW Cherry-Bark Oak 

Quercus palustris Muenchh. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW Pin Oak 

Quercus phellos L. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Willow Oak 

Quercus prinoides Willd. UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU Dwarf Chinkapin Oak 

Quercus rubra L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Northern Red Oak 

Quercus shumardii Buckl. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW Shumard's Oak 

Quercus similis Ashe FACW FACW Bottom-Land Post Oak 

Quercus stellata Wangenh. UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU Post Oak 

Quercus texana Buckl. FACW OBL FACW OBL Texas Red Oak 

Quercus virginiana P. Mill. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Live Oak 

Quercus X beadlei Trel. ex Palmer FACW FACW UPL 

Quercus X macnabiana Sudworth FACU FACU FACU 

Quincula lobata (Torr.) Raf. UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU Chinese-Lantern 

Quisqualis indica L. FACU UPL Rangoon Creeper 

Raillardella pringlei Greene OBL OBL Showy Raillardella 

Raillardella scaposa (Gray) Gray FACU FACU Green-Leaf Raillardella 

Rajania cordata L. FAC Himber 

Randia aculeata L. FAC UPL White Indigo-Berry 

Ranunculus abortivus L. FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW Kidney-Leaf Buttercup 

Ranunculus acriformis Gray FACW FACW FACW Sharp-Leaf Buttercup 

Ranunculus acris L. FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Tall Buttercup 

Ranunculus adoneus Gray FACW FACW FACW Alpine Buttercup



Ranunculus aestivalis (L. Benson) Van Buren & Harper FACW FACW Fall Buttercup 

Ranunculus alismifolius Geyer ex Benth. FACW OBL FACW Water-Plantain Buttercup 

Ranunculus allegheniensis Britt. FACU FAC FAC FAC Allegheny Mountain Buttercup 

Ranunculus ambigens S. Wats. OBL OBL OBL OBL Water-Plantain Spearwort 

Ranunculus aquatilis L. OBL OBL OBL OBL White Water-Crowfoot 

Ranunculus arcticus Richards. FAC FAC OBL FAC Northern Buttercup 

Ranunculus arvensis L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC UPL Hungerweed 

Ranunculus bonariensis Poir. OBL OBL Carter's Buttercup 

Ranunculus bulbosus L. FAC FACW UPL FAC FAC FACW FAC St. Anthony's-Turnip 

Ranunculus californicus Benth. FACU FAC California Buttercup 

Ranunculus canus Benth. FAC FAC Sacramento Valley Buttercup 

Ranunculus cardiophyllus Hook. FACW FACW FACW Heart-Leaf Buttercup 

Ranunculus confervoides (Fries) Fries OBL Panarctic Water-Crowfoot 

Ranunculus eschscholtzii Schlecht. FACW FAC FACW FACW Spruce-Fir Buttercup 

Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Early Buttercup 

Ranunculus flabellaris Raf. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Greater Yellow Water Buttercup 

Ranunculus flammula L. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Greater Creeping Spearwort 

Ranunculus glaberrimus Hook. FAC FAC FACU Sagebrush Buttercup 

Ranunculus gmelinii DC. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Lesser Yellow Water Buttercup 

Ranunculus gormanii Greene FACW FACW Gorman's Buttercup 

Ranunculus grayi Britt. FACW FAC FAC Arctic Buttercup 

Ranunculus harveyi (Gray) Britt. FACU FACU FACU FACU Harvey's Buttercup 

Ranunculus hederaceus L. OBL OBL Ivy Water-Crowfoot 

Ranunculus hispidus Michx. FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC Bristly Buttercup 

Ranunculus hydrocharoides Gray OBL OBL OBL Frog-Bit Buttercup 

Ranunculus hyperboreus Rottb. OBL OBL OBL OBL Far-Northern Buttercup 

Ranunculus inamoenus Greene FACW FACW FACW Graceful Buttercup 

Ranunculus jovis A. Nels. FAC FACU FAC Hillside Buttercup 

Ranunculus laxicaulis (Torr. & Gray) Darby OBL OBL OBL OBL Mississippi Buttercup 

Ranunculus lobbii (Hiern.) Gray OBL OBL Lobb's Water-Crowfoot 

Ranunculus longirostris Godr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Long-Beak Water-Crowfoot 

Ranunculus macauleyi Gray FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Buttercup 

Ranunculus macounii Britt. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Macoun's Buttercup 

Ranunculus macranthus Scheele FACW FACW Large Buttercup 

Ranunculus mauiensis Gray FACW Maui Buttercup 

Ranunculus micranthus Nutt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Rock Buttercup



Ranunculus muricatus L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACU FACW Spiny-Fruit Buttercup 

Ranunculus nivalis L. FACW Snow Buttercup 

Ranunculus occidentalis Nutt. FACW FAC FACW Western Buttercup 

Ranunculus oreogenes Greene FACU FACU Oregon Buttercup 

Ranunculus orthorhynchus Hook. FACW FACW FACW FACW Straight-Beak Buttercup 

Ranunculus parviflorus L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Small-Flower Buttercup 

Ranunculus pensylvanicus L. f. OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Pennsylvania Buttercup 

Ranunculus platensis Spreng. FAC FAC Prairie Buttercup 

Ranunculus plebeius R. Br. ex DC. FAC Common Australian Buttercup 

Ranunculus populago Greene OBL FACW Mountain Buttercup 

Ranunculus pusillus Poir. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Low Spearwort 

Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb. FACW FACW FACW FAC Dwarf Buttercup 

Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. FACW FACU FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC Blisterwort 

Ranunculus repens L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Creeping Buttercup 

Ranunculus sabinei R. Br. FACW Sardinian Buttercup 

Ranunculus sardous Crantz FAC FACW UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC Hairy Buttercup 

Ranunculus sceleratus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Cursed Buttercup 

Ranunculus subrigidus W. Drew OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Short-Beak Water-Crowfoot 

Ranunculus sulphureus Soland. ex C.J. Phipps FACW Sulphur Buttercup 

Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Thread-Leaf Water-Crowfoot 

Ranunculus trilobus Desf. FACW FACU FACU Three-Lobe Buttercup 

Ranunculus uncinatus D. Don ex G. Don FAC FAC FACW FAC Woodland Buttercup 

Rayjacksonia phyllocephala (DC.) R.L. Hartman & M.A. Lane FACU FAC Camphor Daisy 

Reimarochloa oligostachya (Munro ex Benth.) A.S. Hitchc. OBL Florida Reimar Grass 

Remirea maritima Aubl. FACU UPL Beachstar 

Renealmia alpinia (Rottb.) Maas OBL Jenjibre-de-Jardin 

Renealmia aromatica (Aubl.) Griseb. FACU Bijao 

Renealmia jamaicensis (Gaertn.) Horan. OBL Narciso-Colorado 

Reynoutria japonica Houtt. UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Japanese-Knotweed 

Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Giant-Knotweed 

Reynoutria X bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková FACU 

Rhabdadenia biflora (Jacq.) Muell.-Arg. FACW OBL Mangrovevine 

Rhamnus alnifolia L'Hér. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Alder-Leaf Buckthorn 

Rhamnus cathartica L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC UPL European Buckthorn 

Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW Lance-Leaf Buckthorn



Rhapidophyllum hystrix 

(Pursh) H. Wendl. & Drude ex FACW FACW Needle Palm 

Drude 

Rhexia alifanus Walt. FACW FACW Savannah Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia aristosa Britt. OBL OBL Awn-Petal Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia cubensis Griseb. FACW FACW FACW West Indian Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia lutea Walt. FACW FACW FACW Yellow Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia mariana L. FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL Maryland Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia nashii Small FACW OBL Maid Marian 

Rhexia nuttallii C.W. James FACW Nuttall's Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia parviflora Chapman OBL White Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia petiolata Walt. FACW OBL Fringed Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia salicifolia Kral & Bostick OBL Panhandle Meadow-Beauty 

Rhexia virginica L. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Handsome-Harry 

Rhexia X brevibracteata D. Snyder FACW 

Rhinanthus minor L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU Little Yellow-Rattle 

Rhinotropis cornuta (Kellogg) J.R. Abbott FACW FACW Sierran Desert-Milkwort 

Rhizophora apiculata Blume OBL* 

Rhizophora mangle L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Red Mangrove 

Rhizophora mucronata Lam. OBL* 

Rhodiola integrifolia Raf. FAC FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Entire-Leaf Rosewort 

Rhodiola rhodantha (Gray) Jacobsen FACW FAC FACW Queen's-Crown 

Rhodiola rosea L. FACU FACU FACU King's-Crown 

Rhododendron albiflorum Hook. FACU FACW FACU Cascade Azalea 

Rhododendron arborescens (Pursh) Torr. FACW FAC FAC Smooth Azalea 

Rhododendron atlanticum (Ashe) Rehd. FAC FAC Dwarf Azalea 

Rhododendron austrinum (Small) Rehd. FAC FAC Orange Azalea 

Rhododendron canadense (L.) Torr. FACW FACW FACW Rhodora 

Rhododendron canescens (Michx.) Sweet FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Mountain Azalea 

Rhododendron catawbiense Michx. FACU FACU FACU Catawba Rosebay 

Rhododendron chapmanii Gray FACW Chapman's Rhododendron 

Rhododendron columbianum (Piper) Harmaja FACW OBL Western Labrador-Tea 

Rhododendron groenlandicum (Oeder) K.A. Kron & Judd FAC OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Rusty Labrador-Tea 

Rhododendron lapponicum (L.) Wahlenb. FAC FACW FACW Lapland Rhododendron 

Rhododendron macrophyllum D. Don ex G. Don FACU California Rhododendron 

Rhododendron maximum L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Great-Laurel 

Rhododendron occidentale (Torr. & Gray ex Torr.) Gray FAC FAC Western Azalea



Rhododendron periclymenoides (Michx.) Shinners FAC FAC FAC FAC Pink Azalea 

Rhododendron prinophyllum (Small) Millais FAC FAC FAC FAC Early Azalea 

Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja FACW Marsh Labrador-Tea 

Rhododendron vaseyi Gray FACU FACW Pink-Shell Azalea 

Rhododendron viscosum (L.) Torr. OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW Clammy Azalea 

Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk. FAC FACU Rose-Myrtle 

Rhus aromatica Ait. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Fragrant Sumac 

Rhus copallinum L. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Winged Sumac 

Rhus sandwicensis Gray FACU Neneleau 

Rhus taitensis Guill. FACU Taition Sumac 

Rhynchosia phaseoloides (Sw.) DC. FACU Crab's-Eye 

Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL White Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora baldwinii Gray FACW Baldwin's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora brachychaeta C. Wright FACW OBL West Indian Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora caduca Ell. OBL OBL OBL FACW Angle-Stem Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora californica Gale OBL OBL California Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora capillacea Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Needle Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora capitellata (Michx.) Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brownish Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora careyana Fern. OBL OBL Broad-Fruit Horned Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora cephalantha Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL Bunched Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora chalarocephala Fern. & Gale OBL OBL OBL OBL Loose-Head Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora chapmanii M.A. Curtis OBL OBL Chapman's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora chinensis Nees & Meyen FACW Spiked Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora ciliaris (Michx.) C. Mohr OBL OBL Fringed Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora colorata (L.) H. Pfeiffer FACW FACW FACW FACW Narrow-Leaf Whitetop 

Rhynchospora compressa Carey ex Chapman OBL Flat-Fruit Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora corniculata (Lam.) Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL Short-Bristle Horned Beak 

Sedge 

Rhynchospora corymbosa (L.) Britt. FACW OBL* Matamat 

Rhynchospora crinipes Gale OBL OBL Mosquito Bead Sedge 

Rhynchospora curtissii Britt. OBL OBL Curtiss' Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora debilis Gale OBL OBL Savannah Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora decurrens Chapman OBL OBL Swamp-Forest Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora depressirostris M.T. Strong OBL FACW Quill Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora divergens Chapman ex M.A. Curtis OBL OBL OBL OBL Spreading Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora domingensis Urban FACW Long-Leaf Beak Sedge



Rhynchospora elliottii A. Dietr. FACW FACW Elliott's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora eximia (Nees) Boeckl. OBL Florida Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora fascicularis (Michx.) Vahl FACW FACW OBL OBL Fascicled Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora fernaldii Gale FAC Fernald's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora filifolia Gray FACW FAC FAC Thread-Leaf Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora filiformis Vahl FACW Bird Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora floridensis (Britt.) H. Pfeiffer FACW Florida Whitetop 

Rhynchospora fusca (L.) Ait. f. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brown Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora galeana Naczi, W.M. Knapp & G. Moore OBL OBL OBL Short-Bristle Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora gigantea Link OBL Giant Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora globularis (Chapman) Small FACW OBL FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW Globe Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora glomerata (L.) Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Clustered Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora gracilenta Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL Slender Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora grayi Kunth UPL FAC FAC Gray's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora harperi Small OBL OBL Harper's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora harveyi W. Boott FACW FAC FAC FAC Harvey's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora holoschoenoides (L.C. Rich.) Herter OBL Fly Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora indianolensis Small FACW FACW Indianola Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora inexpansa (Michx.) Vahl FACW FACW FACW Nodding Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora inundata (Oakes) Fern. OBL OBL OBL Narrow-Fruit Horned Beak 

Sedge 

Rhynchospora knieskernii Carey OBL Knieskern's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora latifolia (Baldw. ex Ell.) Thomas FACW OBL Sand-Swamp Whitetop 

Rhynchospora leptocarpa (Chapman ex Britt.) Small OBL OBL OBL Slender-Fruit Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora lindeniana Griseb. OBL Bahama Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora macra (C.B. Clarke ex Britt.) Small OBL OBL OBL Large Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora macrostachya Torr. ex Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tall Horned Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora marisculus Nees ex Lindley & Nees FACW Caribbean Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora megaplumosa Bridges & Orzell FACW Manatee Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora microcarpa Baldw. ex Gray OBL FACW FACW FACW Southern Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora microcephala (Britt.) Britt. FACW FACW Small-Head Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora miliacea (Lam.) Gray OBL OBL OBL Millet Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora mixta Britt. OBL OBL OBL Mingled Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora nitens (Vahl) Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Short-Beak Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora nivea Boeckl. FACW FACW FACW Showy Whitetop 

Rhynchospora odorata C. Wright ex Griseb. OBL OBL Fragrant Beak Sedge



Rhynchospora oligantha Gray OBL OBL OBL Feather-Bristle Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora pallida M.A. Curtis OBL OBL OBL Pale Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora perplexa Britt. OBL FACW OBL Pineland Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora pineticola C.B. Clarke FAC Pine-Barren Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora pleiantha (Kükenth.) Gale OBL OBL Coastal Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora plumosa Ell. FACW OBL FACW FACW Plumed Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora punctata Ell. OBL Dotted Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora pusilla Chapman ex M.A. Curtis FACW OBL FACW FACW Fairy Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora racemosa C. Wright ex Sauvalle FACU Racemed Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora radicans (Schlecht. & Cham.) H. Pfeifer FAC FACW Tropical Whitetop 

Rhynchospora rariflora (Michx.) Ell. OBL OBL OBL OBL Few-Flower Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora recognita (Gale) Kral FACW Coarse Globe Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora rubra Domin OBL* 

Rhynchospora rugosa (Vahl) Gale FAC FACW Claybank Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora scirpoides (Torr.) Griseb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Long-Beak Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora solitaria Harper OBL One-Spike Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora stenophylla Chapman OBL FACW OBL Coastal-Plain Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora tenerrima Nees ex Spreng. FACW Soldier Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora torreyana Gray OBL FACW FACW Torrey's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora tracyi Britt. OBL Tracy's Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora velutina (Kunth) Boeckl. OBL Red Beak Sedge 

Rhynchospora wrightiana Boeckl. OBL FACW OBL Wright's Beak Sedge 

Rhytidophyllum auriculatum Hook. FACU Tibey-Amarillo 

Ribes acerifolium T.J. Howell FACU FACU Maple-Leaf Currant 

Ribes americanum P. Mill. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Wild Black Currant 

Ribes aureum Pursh FAC FAC FACW FACU FAC FACU FAC Golden Currant 

Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook. FAC FAC FAC California Black Currant 

Ribes cynosbati L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU Eastern Prickly Gooseberry 

Ribes divaricatum Dougl. FAC FAC Coastal Black Gooseberry 

Ribes echinellum (Coville) Rehd. FAC FAC Miccosukee Gooseberry 

Ribes glandulosum Grauer FACU FACW OBL FACW FACW Skunk Currant 

Ribes hirtellum Michx. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Hairy-Stem Gooseberry 

Ribes hudsonianum Richards. FAC FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Northern Black Currant 

Ribes inerme Rydb. FAC FACW FAC White-Stem Gooseberry 

Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Bristly Black Gooseberry 

Ribes laxiflorum Pursh FACU Trailing Black Currant



Ribes lobbii Gray FACU Oregon Gooseberry 

Ribes nevadense Kellogg FAC FAC Sierran Currant 

Ribes oxyacanthoides L. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACW Canadian Gooseberry 

Ribes sanguineum Pursh FACU Blood Currant 

Ribes thacherianum (Jepson) Munz FACU Santa Cruz Gooseberry 

Ribes triste Pallas OBL FAC OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL FAC Swamp Red Currant 

Ribes viscosissimum Pursh FAC FACU FAC Sticky Currant 

Ribes wolfii Rothrock FAC FAC FAC Winaha Currant 

Ricinus communis L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Castor-Bean 

Rivina humilis L. UPL FAC UPL UPL FAC UPL FAC FAC Rougeplant 

Robinia pseudoacacia L. UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Black Locust 

Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill. FACW Wild Sugar-Apple 

Romanzoffia californica Greene FAC FAC California Mistmaiden 

Romanzoffia sitchensis Bong. FACW FACW FACW FACW Sitka Mistmaiden 

Rondeletia portoricensis Krug & Urban FAC Juan Tomas 

Rorippa amphibia (L.) Bess. FACW Great Yellowcress 

Rorippa aquatica (Eat.) Palmer & Steyermark OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lakecress 

Rorippa austriaca (Crantz) Bess. FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC FAC Austrian Yellowcress 

Rorippa barbareifolia (DC.) Kitagawa FAC Hoary Yellowcress 

Rorippa calycina (Engelm.) Rydb. FACW OBL FACW Persistent-Sepal Yellowcress 

Rorippa columbiae 

(Suksdorf ex S. Wats.) Suksdorf ex 

OBL OBL Columbian Yellowcress 

T.J. Howell 

Rorippa curvipes Greene FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Blunt-Leaf Yellowcress 

Rorippa curvisiliqua (Hook.) Bess. ex Britt. FACW OBL OBL OBL Curve-Pod Yellowcress 

Rorippa dubia (Pers.) Hara FAC FACW 

Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Variable-Leaf Yellowcress 

Rorippa microtitis (B.L. Robins.) Rollins FACW FACW Chihuahuan Yellowcress 

Rorippa palustris (L.) Bess. OBL FAC OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Yellowcress 

Rorippa portoricensis (Spreng.) Stehlé OBL Puerto Rico Yellowcress 

Rorippa ramosa Rollins FACW FACW Durango Yellowcress 

Rorippa sarmentosa (G. Forst. ex DC.) J.F. Macbr. FACW Longrunner 

Rorippa sessiliflora (Nutt.) A.S. Hitchc. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Stalkless Yellowcress 

Rorippa sinuata (Nutt.) A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Spreading Yellowcress 

Rorippa sphaerocarpa (Gray) Britt. FACW OBL FAC Round-Fruit Yellowcress 

Rorippa subumbellata Rollins OBL OBL Lake Tahoe Yellowcress 

Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Bess. OBL FAC OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL Creeping Yellowcress



Rorippa tenerrima Greene FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Modoc Yellowcress 

Rorippa teres (Michx.) R. Stuckey OBL FACW FACW OBL Southern Marsh Yellowcress 

Rorippa X prostrata 

(Bergeret) Schinz & Thellung (pro 

sp.) 

FAC FAC FAC FAC 

Rosa acicularis Lindl. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Prickly Rose 

Rosa arkansana Porter FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Prairie Rose 

Rosa blanda Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Smooth Rose 

Rosa bracteata J.C. Wendl. UPL UPL FACU Chickasaw Rose 

Rosa californica Cham. & Schlecht. FAC FAC California Rose 

Rosa carolina L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Carolina Rose 

Rosa gymnocarpa Nutt. UPL FACU UPL FACU Bald-Hip Rose 

Rosa micrantha Borrer ex Sm. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Small-Flower Sweetbrier 

Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Rambler Rose 

Rosa nitida Willd. FACW FACW Shining Rose 

Rosa nutkana K. Presl FACU FACU FACU FAC Nootka Rose 

Rosa palustris Marsh. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp Rose 

Rosa pisocarpa Gray FAC FAC Clustered Rose 

Rosa rubiginosa L. UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACW Sweetbrier 

Rosa rugosa Thunb. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Rugosa Rose 

Rosa setigera Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Climbing Rose 

Rosa virginiana P. Mill. FAC FAC FAC FAC Virginia Rose 

Rosa woodsii Lindl. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Woods' Rose 

Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne OBL OBL OBL OBL Indian Toothcup 

Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lowland Toothcup 

Rotala rotundifolia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Koehne OBL OBL Round-Leaf Toothcup 

Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W.D. Clayton FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Itch Grass 

Rourea surinamensis Miq. FAC Juan Caliente 

Rousselia humilis (Sw.) Urban FAC Shineseed 

Roystonea borinquena O.F. Cook FAC Puerto Rico Royal Palm 

Roystonea elata (Bartr.) F. Harper FACW FAC FACU Florida Royal Palm 

Rubus allegheniensis Porter UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FAC Allegheny Blackberry 

Rubus alumnus Bailey FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Oldfield Blackberry 

Rubus apogaeus Bailey UPL FACU Falling Dewberry 

Rubus arcticus L. FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC Northern Blackberry 

Rubus argutus Link FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU Saw-Tooth Blackberry 

Rubus arizonensis Focke FACU FACU FACU Arizona Dewberry



Rubus armeniacus Focke UPL FACU UPL FAC UPL UPL UPL FACU Himalayan Blackberry 

Rubus arvensis Bailey FAC FAC FAC Field Blackberry 

Rubus baileyanus Britt. FACU FACU FACU FACU Bailey's Dewberry 

Rubus bartonianus M.E. Peck FACW FACW Barton's Raspberry 

Rubus bushii Bailey FACW FACW FACU FACW Bush's Blackberry 

Rubus caesius L. FACU European Dewberry 

Rubus chamaemorus L. FACW FACW Cloudberry 

Rubus cuneifolius Pursh FACU UPL UPL Sand Blackberry 

Rubus dalibarda L. FACW FAC FAC Robin-Run-Away 

Rubus flagellaris Willd. UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Whiplash Dewberry 

Rubus florulentus Focke FAC Big Blackberry 

Rubus hawaiensis Gray FAC Hawaii Blackberry 

Rubus hispidus L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Bristly Dewberry 

Rubus hypolasius Fern. OBL Pineland Dewberry 

Rubus idaeus L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Red Raspberry 

Rubus laciniatus Willd. UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU Cut-Leaf Blackberry 

Rubus lasiococcus Gray FACU FACU Hairy-Fruit Smooth Dewberry 

Rubus leucodermis Dougl. ex Torr. & Gray FAC FACU FAC FACU White-Stem Raspberry 

Rubus longii Fern. FAC FAC Long's Blackberry 

Rubus macraei Gray FACU Akala 

Rubus missouricus Bailey FACU FACU FACU Missouri Dewberry 

Rubus multiformis Blanch. FAC FAC Variable Blackberry 

Rubus oklahomus Bailey FAC FAC FAC FACU Oklahoma Blackberry 

Rubus paganus Bailey FAC St. Lawrence Dewberry 

Rubus parviflorus Nutt. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Western Thimble-Berry 

Rubus pedatus Sm. FAC FACU FACU Strawberry-Leaf Raspberry 

Rubus pensilvanicus Poir. FAC FAC FAC UPL FACU Pennsylvania Blackberry 

Rubus pergratus Blanch. FACU FACU FACU FACU Upland Blackberry 

Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim. FACU Wine Raspberry 

Rubus plexus Fern. OBL Tangled Dewberry 

Rubus plus Bailey FAC Hairy-Leaf Dewberry 

Rubus probabilis Bailey FAC Tree Blackberry 

Rubus pubescens Raf. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Dwarf Red Raspberry 

Rubus rosifolius Sm. FAC FACU West Indian Raspberry 

Rubus schoolcraftianus Bailey FAC Schoolcraft's Dewberry 

Rubus semisetosus Blanch. FAC FAC FAC FAC Swamp Blackberry



Rubus setosus Bigelow FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Setose Blackberry 

Rubus sons Bailey FAC New Orleans Dewberry 

Rubus spectabilis Pursh FACU FAC FACW FAC Salmon Raspberry 

Rubus spectatus Bailey OBL OBL Sphagnum Blackberry 

Rubus stipulatus Bailey FAC FAC Big Horseshoe Lake Dewberry 

Rubus suus Bailey FAC FAC FACU Branched Blackberry 

Rubus tardatus Blanch. FAC Wet-Thicket Dewberry 

Rubus trivialis Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Southern Dewberry 

Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schlecht. FAC FACU California Dewberry 

Rubus uvidus Bailey FAC FAC Kalamazoo Dewberry 

Rubus vigilis Bailey FACW FACW Missouri Blackberry 

Rubus wheeleri (Bailey) Bailey FACW FAC FAC Wheeler's Blackberry 

Rudbeckia alpicola Piper FACW OBL Showy Coneflower 

Rudbeckia auriculata (Perdue) Kral FACW FACW Eared Coneflower 

Rudbeckia californica Gray FACW FACU California Coneflower 

Rudbeckia fulgida Ait. FAC FAC FAC OBL OBL Orange Coneflower 

Rudbeckia glaucescens Eastw. FACW FACU Waxy Coneflower 

Rudbeckia graminifolia (Torr. & Gray) C.L. Boynt. & Beadle FACW Grass-Leaf Coneflower 

Rudbeckia hirta L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Black-Eyed-Susan 

Rudbeckia klamathensis P. Cox & Urbatsch FACW FACW Klamath Coneflower 

Rudbeckia laciniata L. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Green-Head Coneflower 

Rudbeckia maxima Nutt. FAC FAC FACW FAC Great Coneflower 

Rudbeckia missouriensis Engelm. ex C.L. Boynt. & Beadle UPL UPL UPL FACU Missouri Orange Coneflower 

Rudbeckia mohrii Gray OBL Mohr's Coneflower 

Rudbeckia montana Gray FACW FACW Montane Coneflower 

Rudbeckia nitida Nutt. FACW Shiny Coneflower 

Rudbeckia occidentalis Nutt. FAC FAC Western Coneflower 

Rudbeckia subtomentosa Pursh FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU Sweet Coneflower 

Rudbeckia triloba L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Brown-Eyed-Susan 

Ruellia blechum L. FACW FACU FAC Yerba-de-Papagayo 

Ruellia caroliniensis (J.F. Gmel.) Steud. FACU FACU FAC FAC Carolina Wild Petunia 

Ruellia coccinea (L.) Vahl FACW Yerba-Maravilla 

Ruellia humilis Nutt. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Fringe-Leaf Wild Petunia 

Ruellia malacosperma Greenm. FACU FACW Soft-Seed Wild Petunia 

Ruellia noctiflora (Nees) Gray FACW FACW Night-Flowering Wild Petunia 

Ruellia prostrata Poir. FAC Prostrate Wild Petunia



Ruellia simplex C. Wright FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Linear-Leaf Wild Petunia 

Ruellia strepens L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Limestone Wild Petunia 

Ruellia tuberosa L. FACU Minnieroot 

Rumex acetosa L. FACU FAC FAC FACU UPL UPL FAC Garden Sorrel 

Rumex acetosella L. FACU FAC FACU UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Sheep Sorrel 

Rumex altissimus Wood FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Pale Dock 

Rumex arcticus Trautv. FAC Arctic Dock 

Rumex britannica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Greater Water Dock 

Rumex californicus Rech. f. FACW FACW FACW California Willow Dock 

Rumex chrysocarpus Moris FACW FACW Amamastla 

Rumex conglomeratus Murr. FACW FACW FAC FACW FACU FACW FACW FACW Sharp Dock 

Rumex crassus Rech. f. FACW FACW Fleshy Willow Dock 

Rumex crispus L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Curly Dock 

Rumex densiflorus Osterhout FACW FACW FACW Dense-Flower Dock 

Rumex dentatus L. FACW FACU FACU FACU FACU OBL Toothed Dock 

Rumex floridanus Meisn. FACW Florida Dock 

Rumex fueginus Phil. OBL FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Tierra del Fuego Dock 

Rumex giganteus Ait. FACU Pawale 

Rumex hastatulus Baldw. FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Heart-Wing Sorrel 

Rumex kerneri Borbás FACW Kerner's Dock 

Rumex lacustris Greene OBL OBL Lake Willow Dock 

Rumex longifolius DC. FAC FAC FAC FAC Door-Yard Dock 

Rumex mexicanus Meisn. FAC Mexican Dock 

Rumex obovatus Danser OBL Tropical Dock 

Rumex obtusifolius L. FACW FACW FAC FACU FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC Bitter Dock 

Rumex occidentalis S. Wats. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Western Dock 

Rumex pallidus Bigelow FACW Seaside Dock 

Rumex paraguayensis Parodi FACW Paraguayan Dock 

Rumex paucifolius Nutt. FAC FAC FAC Alpine Sheep Sorrel 

Rumex persicarioides L. FACW FACW Coastal Dock 

Rumex pseudoxyria (Tolm.) Khokhrjakov FAC 

Rumex pulcher L. FACW FAC FACW FACW UPL UPL FAC Fiddle Dock 

Rumex salicifolius Weinm. FACW FACW Willow Dock 

Rumex spiralis Small FACW FAC FACW Winged Dock 

Rumex stenophyllus Ledeb. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Narrow-Leaf Dock 

Rumex thyrsiflorus Fingerhuth FAC Narrow-Leaf Sorrel



Rumex transitorius Rech. f. FACW FACW FACW Pacific Willow Dock 

Rumex triangulivalvis (Danser) Rech. f. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC Triangular-Valved Dock 

Rumex venosus Pursh FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC UPL FACU Veiny Dock 

Rumex verticillatus L. FACW FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW Swamp Dock 

Rumex violascens Rech. f. FACW FACW Violet Dock 

Ruppia cirrhosa (Petag.) Grande OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Spiral Ditch-Grass 

Ruppia didyma Sw. ex Wikstr. OBL Yerba-de-Zanja 

Ruppia maritima L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Beaked Ditch-Grass 

Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers. FACW FACW FACW Dwarf Palmetto 

Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes FAC FACW Cabbage Palmetto 

Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Rose-Pink 

Sabatia arenicola Greenm. FACW FACW Sand Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia bartramii Wilbur OBL Bartram's Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia brachiata Ell. FAC FACU Narrow-Leaf Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia brevifolia Raf. FACW Short-Leaf Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia calycina (Lam.) Heller OBL OBL Coastal Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia campanulata (L.) Torr. FACW FACW FACW FACW Slender Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia campestris Nutt. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Texas-Star 

Sabatia difformis (L.) Druce OBL OBL Lance-Leaf Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia dodecandra (L.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL Marsh Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia gentianoides Ell. OBL OBL FACW Pinewoods Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia grandiflora (Gray) Small FACW Large-Flower Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia kennedyana Fern. OBL OBL Plymouth Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia macrophylla Hook. FACW FACW Large-Leaf Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia quadrangula Wilbur FACW FAC Four-Angle Rose-Gentian 

Sabatia stellaris Pursh OBL FACW FACW Rose-of-Plymouth 

Sabicea villosa Willd. ex Roemer & J.A. Schultes FAC Woolly Woodvine 

Saccharum alopecuroides (L.) Nutt. FAC FAC FACW FACU FACU Silver Plume Grass 

Saccharum baldwinii Spreng. OBL OBL FACW OBL Narrow Plume Grass 

Saccharum brevibarbe (Michx.) Pers. FACW OBL UPL OBL Short-Beard Plume Grass 

Saccharum giganteum (Walt.) Pers. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Giant Plume Grass 

Saccharum officinarum L. FACU FACU UPL FACU* Sugar-Cane 

Saccharum ravennae (L.) L. FAC FAC UPL UPL FACW UPL FAC Ranenna Grass 

Saccharum spontaneum L. FAC FAC FAC Wild Sugar-Cane 

Sacciolepis indica (L.) Chase FAC FACW FAC Glenwood Grass 

Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Cupscale



Saccoloma domingense (Spreng.) C. Christens. OBL Caribbean Soral-Pouch Fern 

Saccoloma inaequale (Kunze) Mett. OBL Forest Soral-Pouch Fern 

Sacoila lanceolata (Aubl.) Garay FAC FAC Scarlet Beak Lady Orchid 

Sadleria cyatheoides Kaulfuss FACU Amaumau 

Sadleria pallida Hook. & Arn. FAC Ama'u 

Sadleria souleyetiana (Gaud.) T. Moore FACU Long-Leaf Plume Fern 

Sadleria squarrosa (Gaud.) T. Moore FACW Forest Plume Fern 

Sadleria unisora (Baker) W.J. Robins. FACW Single-Sorus Plume Fern 

Sadleria wagneriana D.D. Palmer & T. Flynn FACW Wagner's Plume Fern 

Sageretia minutiflora (Michx.) C. Mohr FAC Small-Flower Mock Buckthorn 

Sagina apetala Ard. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Annual Pearlwort 

Sagina decumbens (Ell.) Torr. & Gray FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Trailing Pearlwort 

Sagina maxima Gray FACW FAC FACU FAC Sticky-Stem Pearlwort 

Sagina nivalis (Lindbl.) Fries FAC FACW FACW Snow Pearlwort 

Sagina nodosa (L.) Fenzl FACU Knotted Pearlwort 

Sagina procumbens L. FACW FAC FAC FACW UPL FACW FAC FAC Bird-Eye Pearlwort 

Sagina saginoides (L.) Karst. FAC FACW FACW FACW Alpine Pearlwort 

Sagittaria ambigua J.G. Sm. OBL OBL OBL OBL Kansas Arrowhead 

Sagittaria australis (J.G. Sm.) Small OBL OBL OBL OBL Long-Beak Arrowhead 

Sagittaria brevirostra Mackenzie & Bush OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Short-Beak Arrowhead 

Sagittaria calycina Engelm. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hooded Arrowhead 

Sagittaria chapmanii (J.G. Sm.) C. Mohr OBL OBL Chapman's Arrowhead 

Sagittaria cristata Engelm. OBL OBL OBL Crested Arrowhead 

Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Arum-Leaf Arrowhead 

Sagittaria demersa J.G. Sm. OBL OBL Chihuahuan Arrowhead 

Sagittaria engelmanniana J.G. Sm. OBL OBL OBL Engelmann's Arrowhead 

Sagittaria fasciculata E.O. Beal OBL Bunched Arrowhead 

Sagittaria filiformis J.G. Sm. OBL OBL OBL Narrow-Leaf Arrowhead 

Sagittaria graminea Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Grass-Leaf Arrowhead 

Sagittaria guayanensis Kunth OBL Guayanese Arrowhead 

Sagittaria intermedia Micheli OBL Intermediate Arrowhead 

Sagittaria isoetiformis J.G. Sm. OBL OBL Quillwort Arrowhead 

Sagittaria kurziana Glück OBL OBL* Springtape 

Sagittaria lancifolia L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Bull-Tongue Arrowhead 

Sagittaria latifolia Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Duck-Potato 

Sagittaria longiloba Engelm. ex J.G. Sm. OBL OBL OBL OBL Long-Barb Arrowhead



Sagittaria macrocarpa J.G. Sm. OBL OBL 

Sagittaria montevidensis Cham. & Schlecht. OBL Giant Arrowhead 

Sagittaria papillosa Buch. OBL OBL OBL Nipple-Bract Arrowhead 

Sagittaria platyphylla (Engelm.) J.G. Sm. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Delta Arrowhead 

Sagittaria rigida Pursh OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sessile-Fruit Arrowhead 

Sagittaria sanfordii Greene OBL OBL Valley Arrowhead 

Sagittaria secundifolia Kral OBL OBL Little River Arrowhead 

Sagittaria spathulata (J.G. Sm.) Buch. OBL OBL OBL Spoon-Shape Arrowhead 

Sagittaria subulata (L.) Buch. OBL OBL OBL Awl-Leaf Arrowhead 

Sagittaria teres S. Wats. OBL OBL OBL Slender Arrowhead 

Sagittaria weatherbiana Fern. OBL OBL 

Sagraea domingensis DC. FACW Woodland Hogwood 

Sagraea umbrosa (Sw.) DC. FACW White Hogwood 

Salicornia bigelovii Torr. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dwarf Saltwort 

Salicornia depressa Standl. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Woody Saltwort 

Salicornia maritima Wolff & Jefferies OBL Sea Saltwort 

Salicornia rubra A. Nels. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Red Saltwort 

Salix alaxensis (Anderss.) Coville FAC Felt-Leaf Willow 

Salix alba L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW White Willow 

Salix amygdaloides Anderss. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Peach-Leaf Willow 

Salix arbusculoides Anderss. FACW Little-Tree Willow 

Salix arctica Pallas FACU FAC FAC Arctic Willow 

Salix arctophila Cockerell ex Heller OBL FACW Northern Willow 

Salix argyrocarpa Anderss. FACU Labrador Willow 

Salix arizonica Dorn OBL OBL FACW Arizona Willow 

Salix athabascensis Raup OBL Athabasca Willow 

Salix atrocinerea Brot. FACW FACW Smooth-Twig Gray Willow 

Salix babylonica L. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW Chinese Willow 

Salix barclayi Anderss. FAC FACW OBL FACW Barclay's Willow 

Salix barrattiana Hook. FACW FACW FACW Barratt's Willow 

Salix bebbiana Sarg. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Gray Willow 

Salix bonplandiana Kunth FACW FACW Red Willow 

Salix boothii Dorn OBL FACW FACW Booth's Willow 

Salix brachycarpa Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Short-Fruit Willow 

Salix breweri Bebb FAC FAC Brewer's Willow 

Salix candida Flueggé ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sage Willow



Salix caprea L. OBL OBL FACW FAC Goat Willow 

Salix caroliniana Michx. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL Carolina Willow 

Salix cascadensis Cockerell FACU FACU Cascade Willow 

Salix chamissonis Anderss. FACW Chamisso's Willow 

Salix cinerea L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Large Gray Willow 

Salix columbiana (Dorn) Argus FACW FACW 

Salix commutata Bebb FAC OBL OBL Under-Green Willow 

Salix cordata Michx. FAC FAC Heart-Leaf Willow 

Salix daphnoides Vill. FAC Violet Willow 

Salix delnortensis Schneid. FAC FACW Del Norte Willow 

Salix discolor Muhl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Pussy Willow 

Salix drummondiana Barratt ex Hook. FACW FACW FACW Drummond's Willow 

Salix eastwoodiae Cockerell ex Heller FACW FACW Sierran Willow 

Salix elaeagnos Scop. FACW Elaeagnus Willow 

Salix eriocephala Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Missouri Willow 

Salix exigua Nutt. FACW FACW FACW Narrow-Leaf Willow 

Salix exilifolia Dorn FACW FACW FAC FACW Yew-Leaf Willow 

Salix famelica (Ball) Argus FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW 

Salix farriae Ball OBL OBL OBL Farr's Willow 

Salix floridana Chapman FACW Florida Willow 

Salix fuscescens Anderss. FACW Alaska Bog Willow 

Salix geyeriana Anderss. OBL OBL FACW Geyer's Willow 

Salix glauca L. FAC FACW FACW FACW Gray-Leaf Willow 

Salix gooddingii Ball FACW FACW FACW Goodding's Black Willow 

Salix hastata L. FAC Halberd Willow 

Salix hookeriana Barratt ex Hook. FACW FACW FACW Coastal Willow 

Salix humilis Marsh. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Prairie Willow 

Salix interior Rowlee OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Sandbar Willow 

Salix irrorata Anderss. FACW FACW FACW Dewy-Stem Willow 

Salix jepsonii Schneid. OBL OBL Jepson's Willow 

Salix laevigata Bebb FACW FACW Polished Willow 

Salix lasiandra Benth. FACW FACW FACW FACW Pacific Willow 

Salix lasiolepis Benth. FACW FACW FACW Arroyo Willow 

Salix lemmonii Bebb FACW FACW Lemmon's Willow 

Salix ligulifolia (Ball) Ball ex Schneid. FACW FACW FAC Strap-Leaf Willow 

Salix lucida Muhl. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Shining Willow



Salix lutea Nutt. OBL FACW OBL Yellow Willow 

Salix maccalliana Rowlee FACW OBL OBL OBL FACW Mccalla's Willow 

Salix melanopsis Nutt. OBL FACW OBL Dusky Willow 

Salix monochroma Ball FACW FACW One-Color Willow 

Salix monticola Bebb OBL OBL OBL Park Willow 

Salix myricoides Muhl. FACW FACW FACW FACW Bayberry Willow 

Salix myrtillifolia Anderss. FACW FACW FACW Blueberry Willow 

Salix nigra Marsh. OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL Black Willow 

Salix nivalis Hook. FACW FACW Snow Willow 

Salix orestera Schneid. FACW FACW Gray-Leaf Sierran Willow 

Salix ovalifolia Trautv. FAC Arctic Seashore Willow 

Salix pedicellaris Pursh OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Willow 

Salix pellita (Anderss.) Bebb FACW FACW Satiny Willow 

Salix petiolaris Sm. FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL Meadow Willow 

Salix phlebophylla Anderss. FACU Skeleton-Leaf Willow 

Salix planifolia Pursh FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tea-Leaf Willow 

Salix polaris Wahlenb. FACW Polar Willow 

Salix prolixa Anderss. FACW OBL FACW OBL Mackenzie's Willow 

Salix pseudomonticola Ball FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW False Mountain Willow 

Salix pulchra Cham. FACW Diamond-Leaf Willow 

Salix purpurea L. FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL Purple Willow 

Salix pyrifolia Anderss. OBL FACW FACW Balsam Willow 

Salix reticulata L. FAC FAC FAC Net-Vein Willow 

Salix richardsonii Hook. FACW Richardson's Willow 

Salix rotundifolia Trautv. FAC FACW FACW Round-Leaf Willow 

Salix scouleriana Barratt ex Hook. FAC FAC FACU FAC Scouler's Willow 

Salix sericea Marsh. OBL OBL OBL OBL Silky Willow 

Salix serissima (Bailey) Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Autumn Willow 

Salix sessilifolia Nutt. FACW Sessile-Leaf Willow 

Salix setchelliana Ball FAC Setchell's Willow 

Salix sitchensis Sanson ex Bong. FAC FACW FACW FACW Sitka Willow 

Salix sphenophylla Skvort. FAC Wedge-Leaf Willow 

Salix thurberi Rowlee FAC FAC FAC 

Salix tracyi Ball FACW Tracy's Willow 

Salix tweedyi (Bebb ex Rose) Ball FACW FACW Tweedy's Willow 

Salix vestita Pursh FAC FAC Rock Willow



Salix viminalis L. FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Basket Willow 

Salix wolfii Bebb OBL FACW OBL Idaho Willow 

Salix X fragilis L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC 

Salix X pendulina Wenderoth FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC 

Salix X sepulcralis Simonkai FACW FACW FACW UPL FACW FACW FACW FACW 

Salsola kali L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Russian-Thistle 

Salsola soda L. FACW FACW Opposite-Leaf Russian-Thistle 

Salsola tragus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Prickly Russian-Thistle 

Salvia lycioides Gray FACU FACU UPL Canyon Sage 

Salvia lyrata L. FACU FACU FAC FACW FACW Lyre-Leaf Sage 

Salvia occidentalis Sw. FAC FACU FACU West Indian Sage 

Salvia pentstemonoides Kunth & Bouché FACW Big Red Sage 

Salvinia auriculata Aubl. OBL Eared Water-Moss 

Salvinia minima Baker OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Water-Spangles 

Salvinia molesta Mitchell OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Kariba-Weed 

Salvinia natans (L.) All. OBL OBL Floating Water-Moss 

Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. FACU UPL Raintree 

Sambucus nigra L. FACW FAC UPL FAC FAC FACU FACW FACW FACU Black Elder 

Sambucus racemosa L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Red Elder 

Samolus ebracteatus Kunth OBL FACW FACW FACW Limewater Brookweed 

Samolus parviflorus Raf. OBL OBL FACU OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Samolus vagans Greene OBL Chiricahua Mountain 

Brookweed 

Samolus valerandi L. OBL OBL Seaside Brookweed 

Sanguinaria canadensis L. UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Bloodroot 

Sanguisorba canadensis L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Canadian Burnet 

Sanguisorba menziesii Rydb. FAC OBL Small-Head Burnet 

Sanguisorba officinalis L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Great Burnet 

Sanicula canadensis L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Canadian Black-Snakeroot 

Sanicula kauaiensis St. John FACW Kauai Black-Snakeroot 

Sanicula marilandica L. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Maryland Black-Snakeroot 

Sanicula maritima Kellogg ex S. Wats. FACW Adobe Black-Snakeroot 

Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M. Pryer & L.R. Phillippe FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Clustered Black-Snakeroot 

Sanicula purpurea St. John & Hosaka FACW Purple-Flower Black-Snakeroot 

Santalum freycinetianum Gaud. FACU Forest Sandalwood 

Santalum involutum St. John FACU Involute Sandalwood



Santalum pyrularium Gray FACU iliahi 

Sapindus saponaria L. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU Wing-Leaf Soapberry 

Sapium laurocerasus Desf. FACU Milktree 

Saponaria officinalis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Bouncing-Bett 

Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook.) Torr. FAC FAC FACU Greasewood 

Sarcocornia ambigua (Michx.) M.A.Alonso & M.B.Crespo OBL OBL OBL Chickenclaws 

Sarcocornia pacifica (Standl.) A.J. Scott OBL OBL Pacific Swampfire 

Sarcocornia utahensis (Tidestrom) A.J. Scott OBL FACW OBL Utah Swampfire 

Sarracenia alabamensis F.W. & R.B. Case OBL OBL Alabama Cranebrake 

Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia alata Wood OBL OBL Yellow-Trumpets 

Sarracenia flava L. OBL OBL Yellow Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia jonesii Wherry OBL Mountain Sweet Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia leucophylla Raf. OBL White-Top Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia minor Walt. OBL Hooded Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia oreophila (Kearney) Wherry OBL OBL Green Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia psittacina Michx. OBL Parrot Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia purpurea L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Purple Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia rosea Naczi, F.W. & R.B. Case OBL Rosy Pitcherplant 

Sarracenia rubra Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Sweet Pitcherplant 

Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Sassafras 

Saururus cernuus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lizard's-Tail 

Saussurea americana D.C. Eat. FACW FACW FACW American Saw-Wort 

Saussurea angustifolia (L.) DC. FAC Narrow-Leaf Saw-Wort 

Saussurea nuda Ledeb. FAC Dwarf Saw-Wort 

Sauvagesia erecta L. FACW UPL Creole-Tea 

Saxifraga adscendens L. UPL FACW FACW FACW Wedge-Leaf Saxifrage 

Saxifraga aizoides L. FACW FACW Yellow Mountain Saxifrage 

Saxifraga austromontana Wieg. FACU FACU FACU Matted Saxifrage 

Saxifraga caespitosa L. FAC FAC FACU FAC Tufted Alpine Saxifrage 

Saxifraga cernua L. FACW FACW FACU FACW FACW Nodding Saxifrage 

Saxifraga cherlerioides D. Don FACU 

Saxifraga chrysantha Gray FACU FACU FACU Golden Saxifrage 

Saxifraga funstonii (Small) Fedde FACU Funston's Saxifrage 

Saxifraga hirculus L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Yellow Marsh Saxifrage 

Saxifraga hyperborea R. Br. FACU Pygmy Saxifrage



Saxifraga mertensiana Bong. FACW FACW OBL FACW Woodland Saxifrage 

Saxifraga oppositifolia L. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Purple Mountain Saxifrage 

Saxifraga paniculata P. Mill. FAC White Mountain Saxifrage 

Saxifraga radiata Small FACW Siberian Saxifrage 

Saxifraga rivularis L. OBL FACW FACW FACW Alpine-Brook Saxifrage 

Saxifraga tricuspidata Rottb. FACU UPL Prickly Saxifrage 

Saxifraga vespertina (Small) Fedde FACU FACU Yellow-Dot Saxifrage 

Scaevola chamissoniana Gaud. FAC Half-Flower Kuahiwi 

Scaevola gaudichaudiana Cham. FACU Mountain Half-Flower 

Scaevola glabra Hook. & Arn. FACW Ohe Half-Flower 

Scaevola mollis Hook. & Arn. FAC Purple Half-Flower 

Scaevola plumieri (L.) Vahl FACU UPL FAC Gullfeed 

Scaevola procera Hbd. FACU Forest Half-Flower 

Scaevola sericea Vahl FACU FACU Half-Flower 

Sceptridium biternatum (Sav.) Lyon FAC FAC FAC FAC Sparse-Lobe Grape Fern 

Sceptridium dissectum (Spreng.) Lyon FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Cut-Leaf Grape Fern 

Sceptridium jenmanii (Underwood) Lyon FAC UPL FAC Dixie Grape Fern 

Sceptridium multifidum (Gmel.) Nishida ex Tagawa FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Leathery Grape Fern 

Sceptridium oneidense (Gilbert) Holub FAC Blunt-Lobe Grape Fern 

Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort. FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Tall False Rye Grass 

Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) Beauv. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Meadow False Rye Grass 

Schefflera gleasonii (Britt. & Wilson) Alain FAC Yuquilla 

Schefflera morototonii 

(Aubl.) Maguire, Steyermark & 

FAC 

Matchwood 

Frodin 

Schenkia spicata (L.) G.Mans. FACW FACW Mediterranean Schenkia 

Scheuchzeria palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rannoch-Rush 

Schiedea jacobii 

W.L. Wagner, S.G. Weller & A.C. 

Medeiros 

FACU 

Jacobi's Schiedea 

Schiedea lychnoides Hbd. FAC Kuawawaenohu 

Schiedea obovata (Sherff) W.L. Wagner & S.G. Weller FACU Waianae Range Schiedea 

Schiedea trinervis (Mann) Pax & Hoffmann FACW Mountain Schiedea 

Schiedea viscosa Mann FACW Climbing Schiedea 

Schinus molle L. FACU Peruvian Peppertree 

Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi FAC FAC FACW FAC FACU Brazilian Peppertree 

Schizachne purpurascens (Torr.) Swallen FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL False Melic Grass 

Schizachyrium littorale (Nash) Bickn. FAC FACU FACW FACW FACW FACW Dune False Bluestem



Schizachyrium maritimum (Chapman) Nash FAC Gulf False Bluestem 

Schizachyrium rhizomatum (Swallen) Gould FACW Florida False Bluestem 

Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Little False Bluestem 

Schizaea dichotoma (L.) Sm. FACU* 

Schizaea fluminensis Miers ex Sturm OBL Caribbean Curly-Grass Fern 

Schizaea poeppigiana Sturm FACU Epiphytic Curly-Grass Fern 

Schizaea pusilla Pursh OBL OBL Little Curly-Grass Fern 

Schizaea robusta Baker OBL Robust Curly-Grass Fern 

Schizostachyum glaucifolium (Rupr.) Munro FAC Polynesian-'ohe 

Schlegelia brachyantha Griseb. FACW Higuerito-de-Sierra 

Schoenolirion albiflorum (Raf.) R.R. Gates OBL White Sunnybell 

Schoenolirion croceum (Michx.) Wood OBL OBL OBL Yellow Sunnybell 

Schoenolirion wrightii Sherman OBL OBL FACW Texas Sunnybell 

Schoenoplectus acutus (Muhl. ex Bigelow) A.& D. Löve OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hard-Stem Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Schinz & R. Keller OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Chairmaker's Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Palla OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL California Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus deltarum (Schuyler) Soják FACW FACW OBL OBL Delta Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus erectus (Poir.) Palla ex Raynal OBL OBL Sharp-Scale Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus etuberculatus (Steud.) Soják OBL OBL OBL Canby's Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus fluviatilis (Torr.) M.T. Strong OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL River Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus glaucus (Lam.) Kartesz OBL OBL OBL Tuberous Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus hallii (Gray) S.G. Sm. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hall's Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus heterochaetus (Chase) Soják OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pale Great Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus juncoides (Roxb.) Palla OBL Rock's Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Saltmarsh Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus mucronatus (L.) Palla OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus novae-angliae (Britt.) M.T. Strong OBL OBL OBL New England Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Three-Square 

Schoenoplectus purshianus (Fern.) M.T. Strong OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Weak-Stalk Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus robustus (Pursh) M.T. Strong OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Seaside Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus saximontanus (Fern.) Raynal OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rocky Mountain Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus smithii (Gray) Soják OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Smith's Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus subterminalis (Torr.) Soják OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swaying Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus subulatus (Vahl) Lye OBL* 

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Palla OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Soft-Stem Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus torreyi (Olney) Palla OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Torrey's Club-Rush



Schoenoplectus triqueter (L.) Palla OBL Streambank Club-Rush 

Schoenoplectus X steinmetzii (Fern.) S.G. Sm. OBL 

Schoenus apogon Roemer & J.A. Schultes OBL Tufted Bog-Rush 

Schoenus nigricans L. OBL OBL OBL OBL Black Bog-Rush 

Schradera exotica (J.F. Gmel.) Standl. FACU Yellowshrub 

Schultesia heterophylla Miq. OBL Caribbean Wingcup 

Schwalbea americana L. FAC FACU FACU Chaffseed 

Scilla luciliae (Boiss.) Speta FACU FAC FAC FAC Boissier's Glory-of-the-Snow 

Scirpoides holoschoenus (L.) Soják OBL OBL Round-Head Club-Rush 

Scirpus ancistrochaetus Schuyler OBL OBL Barbed-Bristle Bulrush 

Scirpus atrocinctus Fern. FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Black-Girdle Bulrush 

Scirpus atrovirens Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Dark-Green Bulrush 

Scirpus congdonii Britt. FACW FACW Congdon's Bulrush 

Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Cottongrass Bulrush 

Scirpus diffusus Schuyler FACW OBL Umbrella Bulrush 

Scirpus divaricatus Ell. OBL OBL OBL Spreading Bulrush 

Scirpus expansus Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL Woodland Bulrush 

Scirpus flaccidifolius (Fern.) Schuyler OBL OBL Reclining Bulrush 

Scirpus georgianus Harper OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Georgia Bulrush 

Scirpus hattorianus Makino OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Mosquito Bulrush 

Scirpus longii Fern. OBL OBL OBL Long's Bulrush 

Scirpus microcarpus J.& K. Presl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Red-Tinge Bulrush 

Scirpus nevadensis S. Wats. OBL OBL OBL Nevada Bulrush 

Scirpus pallidus (Britt.) Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pale Bulrush 

Scirpus pedicellatus Fern. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Stalked Bulrush 

Scirpus pendulus Muhl. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Rufous Bulrush 

Scirpus polyphyllus Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL Leafy Bulrush 

Scirpus X peckii Britt. (pro sp.) OBL 

Scleranthus annuus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Annual Knawel 

Scleria baldwinii (Torr.) Steud. FACW Baldwin's Nut-Rush 

Scleria brittonii Core ex Small FACW UPL OBL Britton's Nut-Rush 

Scleria canescens Boeckl. FAC Puerto Rico Nut-Rush 

Scleria caricina Benth. FAC* 

Scleria ciliata Michx. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Fringed Nut-Rush 

Scleria distans Poir. OBL FACW OBL River-Swamp Nut-Rush 

Scleria eggersiana Boeckl. OBL Eggers' Nut-Rush



Scleria georgiana Core FACW FACW FACW FACW Slender-Fruit Nut-Rush 

Scleria hirtella Sw. OBL 

Scleria lacustris C. Wright FACW Deep-Root Nut-Rush 

Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. FACW UPL FAC* Florida Keys Nut-Rush 

Scleria melaleuca Reichenb. ex Schlecht. & Cham. FACW Cortadora-Blanca 

Scleria microcarpa Nees ex Kunth OBL Tropical Nut-Rush 

Scleria minor W. Stone FACW FACW FACW Slender Nut-Rush 

Scleria mucronata Poir. FACW Cuban Nut-Rush 

Scleria muehlenbergii Steud. OBL OBL FAC OBL FAC FACW Muehlenberg's Nut-Rush 

Scleria novae-hollandiae Boeckl. FAC* 

Scleria oligantha Michx. FAC FACU FAC FACU Little-Head Nut-Rush 

Scleria pauciflora Muhl. ex Willd. FAC FACW FACU FACW FACU FACU Few-Flower Nut-Rush 

Scleria polycarpa Boeckl. FAC* 

Scleria reticularis Michx. FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL Netted Nut-Rush 

Scleria rugosa R. Br. FAC* 

Scleria scindens Nees ex Kunth FACW Hairy Nut-Rush 

Scleria secans (L.) Urban FACW Razor-Grass 

Scleria testacea Nees FAC Hawaii Nut-Rush 

Scleria triglomerata Michx. FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Whip Nut-Rush 

Scleria verticillata Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Low Nut-Rush 

Sclerolepis uniflora (Walt.) B.S.P. OBL OBL OBL Pink Bogbutton 

Sclerolinon digynum (Gray) Rogers FACW FAC Northwestern Yellow-Flax 

Scolochloa festucacea (Willd.) Link OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common River Grass 

Scoparia dulcis L. FAC FAC FACU Licorice-Weed 

Scorzoneroides autumnalis (L.) Moench FAC UPL FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC August-Flower 

Scrophularia atrata Pennell FACU Black-Flower Figwort 

Scrophularia californica Cham. & Schlecht. FAC UPL FAC California Figwort 

Scrophularia lanceolata Pursh FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC Lance-Leaf Figwort 

Scrophularia marilandica L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Carpenter's-Square 

Scrophularia minutiflora Pennell OBL Little-Flower Figwort 

Scutellaria arenicola Small FAC Florida Scrub Skullcap 

Scutellaria bolanderi Gray FACW FACW Sierran Skullcap 

Scutellaria cardiophylla Engelm. & Gray FAC FAC FAC Gulf Skullcap 

Scutellaria floridana Chapman OBL Florida Skullcap 

Scutellaria galericulata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hooded Skullcap 

Scutellaria integrifolia L. FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Helmet-Flower



Scutellaria lateriflora L. OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL OBL FACW Mad Dog Skullcap 

Scutellaria nervosa Pursh FAC FAC FAC FAC Veiny Skullcap 

Scutellaria ocmulgee Small FACW FACW Ocmulgee Skullcap 

Scutellaria ovata Hill UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Heart-Leaf Skullcap 

Scutellaria parvula Michx. FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU Small Skullcap 

Scutellaria racemosa Pers. FACW OBL FACW South American Skullcap 

Scutellaria siphocampyloides Vatke FACU FACU Gray-Leaf Skullcap 

Scutellaria thieretii Shinners FACW FACW Thieret's Skullcap 

Scutellaria X churchilliana Fern. (pro sp.) FACW 

Securidaca virgata Sw. FAC Wand Jaboncillo 

Sedella leiocarpa H.K. Sharsmith FAC FAC Lake County Mock Stonecrop 

Sedella pumila (Benth.) Britt. & Rose FAC FAC Sierran Mock Stonecrop 

Sedum pulchellum Michx. UPL FACU FACU FACU Widow's-Cross 

Sedum pusillum Michx. FAC FAC Granite Stonecrop 

Sedum ternatum Michx. FACU Woodland Stonecrop 

Selaginella apoda (L.) Spring FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Meadow Spike-Moss 

Selaginella arbuscula (Kaulfuss) Spring FAC Dwarf Spike-Moss 

Selaginella armata Baker OBL Armored Spike-Moss 

Selaginella cordifolia (Desv. ex Poir.) Spring OBL Heart-Leaf Spike-Moss 

Selaginella deflexa Brack. OBL Deflexed Spike-Moss 

Selaginella eclipes Buck FACW Hidden Spike-Moss 

Selaginella kraussiana (Kunze) A. Braun FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Krauss' Spike-Moss 

Selaginella laxifolia Baker FACW Limp-Leaf Spike-Moss 

Selaginella ludoviciana (A. Braun) A. Braun FACW Gulf Spike-Moss 

Selaginella ovifolia Baker OBL Oval-Leaf Spike-Moss 

Selaginella selaginoides (L.) Beauv. ex Mart. & Schrank FACU FACW FACW FACW Northern Spike-Moss 

Selaginella stellata Spring FACU Starry Spike-Moss 

Selaginella substipitata Spring OBL Stalked Spike-Moss 

Selaginella tenella (Beauv.) Spring OBL Delicate Spike-Moss 

Selaginella umbrosa Lem. ex Hieron. FACU Red Spike-Moss 

Selaginella uncinata (Desv. ex Poir.) Spring OBL Blue Spike-Moss 

Selaginella willdenowii (Desv. ex Poir.) Baker FAC FACU Willdenow's Spike-Moss 

Selenia dissecta Torr. & Gray FACW FACW FACW Texas Selenia 

Selenia grandis R.F. Martin FACW FACW Large Selenia 

Selenia jonesii Cory FACW FACW Jones' Selenia 

Senecio amplectens Gray FACW FACW FACU Showy Alpine Ragwort



Senecio clarkianus Gray FACW FACW Clark's Ragwort 

Senecio cliffordii Atwood & Welsh UPL FACU Clifford's Ragwort 

Senecio crassulus Gray FACU OBL FACU Thick-Leaf Ragwort 

Senecio eremophilus Richards. UPL FACU FAC OBL FACU Desert Ragwort 

Senecio hieraciifolius L. FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU American Burnweed 

Senecio hydrophiloides Rydb. FACW FACW Stout Meadow Ragwort 

Senecio hydrophilus Nutt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Alkali-Marsh Ragwort 

Senecio integerrimus Nutt. FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU Lamb-Tongue Ragwort 

Senecio lugens Richards. FAC FAC FACW FAC Small Black-Tip Ragwort 

Senecio madagascariensis Poir. FACU Madagascar Ragwort 

Senecio minimus Poir. FACU Coastal Burnweed 

Senecio pseudoarnica Less. FACU Seaside Ragwort 

Senecio scorzonella Greene FAC FAC Sierran Ragwort 

Senecio serra Hook. FACU FACW FACU Tall Ragwort 

Senecio sphaerocephalus Greene FACW FAC FACW Mountain-Marsh Ragwort 

Senecio suaveolens (L.) Elliott FACW FACW FACW FACW False Indian-Plantain 

Senecio sylvaticus L. UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU Woodland Ragwort 

Senecio triangularis Hook. FACW FACW OBL FACW Arrow-Leaf Ragwort 

Senecio valerianifolius Link ex Spreng. FAC FAC Tropical Burnweed 

Senecio vulgaris L. UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Old-Man-in-the-Spring 

Senegalia greggii (Gray) Britt. & Rose FACU UPL FACU Long-Flower Catclaw 

Senna alata (L.) Roxb. FACU FACW FACU Emperor's-Candlesticks 

Senna bicapsularis (L.) Roxb. FAC Christmasbush 

Senna hebecarpa (Fern.) Irwin & Barneby FAC FAC FACW FACW American Wild Sensitive-Plant 

Senna hirsuta (L.) Irwin & Barneby FACU FAC FACU Woolly Wild Sensitive-Plant 

Senna marilandica (L.) Link FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW Maryland Wild Sensitive-Plant 

Senna mexicana (Jacq.) Irwin & Barneby FAC Mexican Wild Sensitive-Plant 

Senna nitida (L.C. Rich.) Irwin & Barneby FACW Hediondilla 

Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin & Barneby FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Coffeeweed 

Senna occidentalis (L.) Link FAC UPL UPL UPL FAC FACU UPL Septicweed 

Senna pendula 

(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Irwin & 

Barneby 

FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU Valamuerto 

Senna septentrionalis (Viviani) Irwin & Barneby UPL FACU Hedionda-Macho 

Senna surattensis (Burm. f.) Irwin & Barneby FAC UPL UPL Glossy-Shower 

Senna X floribunda (Cav.) Irwin & Barneby FACU 

Serenoa repens (Bartr.) Small FACU FACU Saw-Palmetto



Serpocaulon loriceum (L.) A.R. Sm. OBL 

Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. FAC* 

Sesbania drummondii (Rydb.) Cory FACW FACW FACW Poison-Bean 

Sesbania emerus (Aubl.) Urban FAC OBL Danglepod 

Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Poir. FACU UPL Vegetable-Hummingbird 

Sesbania herbacea (P. Mill.) McVaugh FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Peatree 

Sesbania punicea (Cav.) Benth. FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW Purple River-Hemp 

Sesbania sericea (Willd.) Link FAC FACW Papagayo 

Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. FACW FACU Egyptian River-Hemp 

Sesbania vesicaria (Jacq.) Ell. FAC FAC FAC OBL Bagpod 

Sesuvium maritimum (Walt.) B.S.P. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Slender Sea-Purslane 

Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Shoreline Sea-Purslane 

Sesuvium trianthemoides Correll OBL OBL Texas Sea-Purslane 

Sesuvium verrucosum Raf. FACW FACW FACW FACW Verrucose Sea-Purslane 

Setaria adhaerens (Forssk.) Chiov. UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Adherent Bristle Grass 

Setaria faberi Herrm. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Japanese Bristle Grass 

Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Italian Bristle Grass 

Setaria macrosperma (Scribn. & Merr.) K. Schum. FAC Coral Bristle Grass 

Setaria magna Griseb. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Giant Bristle Grass 

Setaria palmifolia (Koenig) Stapf FAC FAC Palm Grass 

Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Marsh Bristle Grass 

Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes FAC FAC UPL FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Yellow Bristle Grass 

Setaria sphacelata 

(Schumacher) Moss ex Stapf & 

C.E. Hubbard 

FAC OBL FAC FAC OBL African Bristle Grass 

Setaria verticillata (L.) Beauv. FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU Rough Bristle Grass 

Setaria verticilliformis Dumort. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Foreward-Barb Bristle Grass 

Setaria X ambigua (Guss.) Guss. FAC FAC FACU 

Seymeria cassioides (J.F. Gmel.) Blake FAC FAC Yaupon Black-Senna 

Shepherdia argentea (Pursh) Nutt. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Silver Buffalo-Berry 

Shepherdia canadensis (L.) Nutt. FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Russet Buffalo-Berry 

Shinnersia rivularis (Gray) King & H.E. Robins. OBL Rio Grande Shinner's Aster 

Shortia galacifolia Torr. & Gray FACU Oconee-Bells 

Sibbaldia procumbens L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Creeping-Glow-Wort 

Sibbaldia tridentata (Ait.) Paule & Soják FACU FACU FACU FACU Shrubby-Fivefingers 

Sicyos angulatus L. FACW FACU FACW FACW FACW One-Seed Burr-Cucumber 

Sida acuta Burm. f. UPL UPL UPL FAC Common-Wireweed



Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby UPL FAC FACU FACU Virginia Fanpetals 

Sida rhombifolia L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU Cuban-Jute 

Sida spinosa L. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL Prickly Fanpetals 

Sidalcea calycosa M.E. Jones OBL OBL Annual Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea campestris Greene FACU Meadow Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea candida Gray FACW FAC FACW White Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea covillei Greene FACU FACU Owens Valley Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea cusickii Piper FACW FACW Cusick's Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea hendersonii S. Wats. UPL FACW Henderson's Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea hirsuta Gray ex Benth. OBL OBL Hairy Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea malviflora (DC.) Gray ex Benth. FACW FACW Dwarf Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea nelsoniana Piper FAC Nelson's Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea neomexicana Gray FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea oregana (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray FACW FACW FACW Oregon Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea pedata Gray OBL Mountain Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea ranunculacea Greene OBL OBL Marsh Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea reptans Greene OBL OBL Sierran Checkerbloom 

Sidalcea stipularis J.T. Howell & True OBL OBL Scadden Flat Checkerbloom 

Sideroxylon celastrinum (Kunth) T.D. Pennington FAC FAC Saffron-Plum 

Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACW FACU Gum Bully 

Sideroxylon lycioides L. FAC FACW FACW Buckthorn Bully 

Sideroxylon reclinatum Michx. FAC Florida Bully 

Silene acaulis (L.) Jacq. UPL UPL FAC UPL UPL Cushion-Pink 

Silene flos-cuculi (L.) Clairv. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACW Ragged-Robin 

Silene hitchguirei Bocquet OBL UPL Mountain Catchfly 

Silene menziesii Hook. FAC FAC UPL FAC White Catchfly 

Silene nivea (Nutt.) Muhl. ex Otth FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW Snowy Catchfly 

Silene uralensis (Rupr.) Bocquet UPL FACW FAC Apetalous Catchfly 

Silphium integrifolium Michx. FAC Entire-Leaf Rosinweed 

Silphium perfoliatum L. FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW Cup-Plant 

Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. FACU FACU FAC FAC Prairie Rosinweed 

Sinapis alba L. FAC OBL White-Mustard 

Siphoneugena densiflora Berg OBL Hoja-Menuda 

Sisymbrium altissimum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Tall Hedge-Mustard 

Sisyrinchium acre Mann FACU Hawaii Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium albidum Raf. FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU White Blue-Eyed-Grass



Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Mill. FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC Narrow-Leaf Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium atlanticum Bickn. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Eastern Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium bellum S. Wats. FACW FACW California Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium biforme Bickn. FAC FAC Wiry Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium californicum (Ker-Gawl.) Dry. FACW FACW Golden Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium capillare Bickn. FACW FACW Needle Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium cernuum (Bickn.) Kearney FAC Nodding Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium demissum Greene OBL OBL OBL Stiff Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium elmeri Greene OBL OBL Elmer's Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium funereum Bickn. FACW FACW Funeral Mountain Blue-Eyed- 

Grass 

Sisyrinchium fuscatum Bickn. UPL FACU FACU Coastal-Plain Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium halophilum Greene FACW FACW Nevada Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium hitchcockii D. Henderson FAC Hitchcock's Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium idahoense Bickn. FACW OBL FACW Idaho Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium littorale Greene FACW FACW Alaska Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium longipes (Bickn.) Kearney & Peebles FACW FACW Timberland Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium minus Engelm. & Gray FACU FACU FACU FACU Dwarf Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium montanum Greene FACW FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Strict Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium mucronatum Michx. FACW FAC FAC FACW FAC Needle-Tip Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium nashii Bickn. FAC FAC Nash's Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium rosulatum Bickn. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Annual Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium sagittiferum Bickn. FAC FACW Spear-Bract Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium sarmentosum Suksdorf ex Greene OBL OBL Mountain Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium septentrionale Bickn. FACW FAC FACW Northern Blue-Eyed-Grass 

Sisyrinchium strictum Bickn. FAC FAC 

Sium suave Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Hemlock Water-Parsnip 

Sloanea berteriana Choisy ex DC. FAC Bullwood 

Smilax auriculata Walt. FACU FACU Ear-Leaf Greenbrier 

Smilax bona-nox L. FAC FACU FACU FACU Fringed Greenbrier 

Smilax coriacea Spreng. FAC FAC Everglades Greenbrier 

Smilax glauca Walt. FAC FACU UPL FACU FACU Sawbrier 

Smilax herbacea L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Smooth Carrion-Flower 

Smilax hispida Muhl. ex Torr. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Chinaroot 

Smilax jamesii G. Wallace FACW FACW English Peak Greenbrier 

Smilax laurifolia L. FACW OBL OBL Laurel-Leaf Greenbrier



Smilax melastomifolia Sm. FACU Hawaii Greenbrier 

Smilax pseudochina L. FAC FAC FAC Bamboovine 

Smilax pulverulenta Michx. FAC FACU FACU FACU Downy Carrion-Flower 

Smilax pumila Walt. UPL UPL FAC Sarsparilla-Vine 

Smilax rotundifolia L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Horsebrier 

Smilax smallii Morong FACU FACU FACU Lance-Leaf Greenbrier 

Smilax walteri Pursh OBL OBL Coral Greenbrier 

Solandra grandiflora Sw. FACU UPL FACU* Showy Chalicevine 

Solanum americanum P. Mill. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Black Nightshade 

Solanum bahamense L. FAC UPL Bahama Nightshade 

Solanum campechiense L. FACU OBL FACU Red-Berry Nightshade 

Solanum capsicoides All. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Cockroach-Berry 

Solanum carolinense L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Carolina Horse-Nettle 

Solanum donianum Walp. FAC UPL Mullein Nightshade 

Solanum douglasii Dunal FACU FAC FAC FAC Green-Spot Nightshade 

Solanum dulcamara L. FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Climbing Nightshade 

Solanum erianthum D. Don FAC UPL FAC Potato-Tree 

Solanum jamaicense P. Mill. FACU FAC Jamaican Nightshade 

Solanum mammosum L. FACW Nipplefruit 

Solanum nigrum L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU European Black Nightshade 

Solanum nudum Kunth ex Dunal OBL Forest Nightshade 

Solanum pseudogracile Heiser FACU Glowing Nightshade 

Solanum ptychanthum Dunal FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Black Nightshade 

Solanum rugosum Dunal FACU Tabacon-Aspero 

Solanum torvum Sw. FACU FACU FAC Turkey-Berry 

Solanum woodburyi Howard OBL Woodbury's Nightshade 

Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd FACU FACU FACU Painted-Nettle 

Solidago altissima L. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Tall Goldenrod 

Solidago arguta Ait. UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU Atlantic Goldenrod 

Solidago caesia L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Wreath Goldenrod 

Solidago canadensis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Canadian Goldenrod 

Solidago confinis Gray OBL FACW Southern Goldenrod 

Solidago curtisii Torr. & Gray FACU FACU Curtis' Goldenrod 

Solidago elongata Nutt. FACU FACU Cascade Canada Goldenrod 

Solidago fistulosa P. Mill. FAC FACW Pine-Barren Goldenrod 

Solidago flexicaulis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Zigzag Goldenrod



Solidago gigantea Ait. FACW FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Late Goldenrod 

Solidago glomerata Michx. FAC Clustered Goldenrod 

Solidago gracillima Torr. & Gray OBL OBL Virginia Goldenrod 

Solidago houghtonii Torr. & Gray OBL Houghton's Goldenrod 

Solidago latissimifolia P. Mill. OBL OBL OBL Elliott's Goldenrod 

Solidago leavenworthii Torr. & Gray FAC FAC Leavenworth's Goldenrod 

Solidago lepida DC. FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC Western Canada Goldenrod 

Solidago multiradiata Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU Rocky Mountain Goldenrod 

Solidago ohioensis Riddell OBL OBL OBL Ohio Goldenrod 

Solidago patula Muhl. ex Willd. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Round-Leaf Goldenrod 

Solidago puberula Nutt. FACU FACU FACU Downy Goldenrod 

Solidago riddellii Frank OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Riddell's Goldenrod 

Solidago rigida L. FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Hard-Leaf Flat-Top-Goldenrod 

Solidago rugosa P. Mill. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Wrinkle-Leaf Goldenrod 

Solidago sempervirens L. FACW UPL FACW FACW FACW FACW Seaside Goldenrod 

Solidago simplex Kunth FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Mt. Albert Goldenrod 

Solidago spathulata DC. FACU FACU Coast Goldenrod 

Solidago spectabilis (D.C. Eat.) Gray FACW FACW Nevada Goldenrod 

Solidago stricta Ait. OBL FACW Wand Goldenrod 

Solidago uliginosa Nutt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Goldenrod 

Solidago verna M.A. Curtis ex Torr. & Gray OBL OBL Spring-Flowering Goldenrod 

Solidago X asperula Desf. (pro sp.) OBL 

Soliva sessilis Ruiz & Pavón FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL FAC Lawn Burrweed 

Sonchus arvensis L. UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Field Sow-Thistle 

Sonchus asper (L.) Hill FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Spiny-Leaf Sow-Thistle 

Sonchus oleraceus L. FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Common Sow-Thistle 

Sophora tomentosa L. FAC FACU UPL UPL* Yellow Necklacepod 

Sophronanthe hispida Benth. ex Lindl. FAC Rough False Hedge-Nettle 

Sophronanthe pilosa (Michx.) Small FACW FACU FACW Shaggy False Hedge-Nettle 

Sorbus americana Marsh. FACU FACU FAC FAC American Mountain-Ash 

Sorbus decora (Sarg.) Schneid. FAC UPL FACU Northern Mountain-Ash 

Sorbus scopulina Greene FACU FACU FACU FACU Cascade Mountain-Ash 

Sorbus sitchensis M. Roemer FACU FAC FAC FAC Sitka Mountain-Ash 

Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Yellow Indian Grass 

Sorghastrum secundum (Ell.) Nash FACU FACU Lopsided Indian Grass 

Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU Broom-Corn



Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Johnson Grass 

Sparganium americanum Nutt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Burr-Reed 

Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Branched Burr-Reed 

Sparganium angustifolium Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Narrow-Leaf Burr-Reed 

Sparganium emersum Rehmann OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL European Burr-Reed 

Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex Gray OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Broad-Fruit Burr-Reed 

Sparganium fluctuans (Engelm. ex Morong) B.L. Robins. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Floating Burr-Reed 

Sparganium glomeratum (Beurling ex Laestad.) L. Neum. OBL OBL OBL Clustered Burr-Reed 

Sparganium hyperboreum Beurling ex Laestad. OBL Northern Burr-Reed 

Sparganium natans L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Arctic Burr-Reed 

Spartina alterniflora Loisel. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Saltwater Cord Grass 

Spartina bakeri Merr. FACW Bunch Cord Grass 

Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Roth OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Big Cord Grass 

Spartina densiflora Brongn. OBL OBL OBL OBL Dense-Flower Cord Grass 

Spartina foliosa Trin. OBL OBL California Cord Grass 

Spartina gracilis Trin. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Alkali Cord Grass 

Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl. FACW OBL FACU FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Salt-Meadow Cord Grass 

Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link OBL OBL OBL FACW FACW FACW OBL Freshwater Cord Grass 

Spartina spartinae (Trin.) Merr. ex A.S. Hitchc. OBL FAC Gulf Cord Grass 

Spartina X caespitosa A.A. Eat. (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL 

Spathodea campanulata Beauv. FACU FACU FACU African-Tuliptree 

Spathoglottis carolinensis Schlechter FACU* 

Spathoglottis micronesiaca Schlechter FACU* 

Spathoglottis plicata Blume UPL UPL FACU Philippine Ground Orchid 

Spergularia atrosperma R.P. Rossb. FACW FACU Black-Seed Sandspurry 

Spergularia bocconi (Scheele) Graebn. FACW FAC Boccone's Sandspurry 

Spergularia canadensis (Pers.) G. Don FACW FACW OBL FACW Canadian Sandspurry 

Spergularia diandra (Guss.) Held. FACW FACW Alkali Sandspurry 

Spergularia echinosperma Celak. OBL OBL FACU Bristle-Seed Sandspurry 

Spergularia macrotheca 

(Hornem. ex Cham. & Schlecht.) 

Heynh. 

FAC FAC Sticky Sandspurry 

Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. OBL OBL OBL OBL FAC OBL FACW OBL Saltmarsh Sandspurry 

Spergularia media (L.) K. Presl ex Griseb. FACW FACW FACW FACU FACU FACU FAC Satin-Flower 

Spergularia platensis (Camb.) Fenzl FACW OBL FACW La Plata Sandspurry 

Spergularia rubra (L.) J.& K. Presl UPL FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Ruby Sandspurry 

Spermacoce exilis (L.O. Williams) C. Adams UPL FACU Pacific False Buttonweed



Spermacoce glabra Michx. FACW FACW FACW FACW Smooth False Buttonweed 

Spermacoce ovalifolia (Mart. & Gal.) Hemsl. FACU Oval-Leaf False Buttonweed 

Spermacoce prostrata Aubl. FACW FACU FAC Prostrate False Buttonweed 

Spermacoce remota Lam. UPL UPL FAC Woodland False Buttonweed 

Spermacoce sintenisii (Urban) Alain FAC West Indian False Buttonweed 

Spermacoce tenuior L. FACU FACU FACW Slender False Buttonweed 

Spermolepis divaricata (Walt.) Raf. ex Ser. FAC FACW FACU FACW FACU FACW Rough-Fruit Scaleseed 

Spermolepis echinata (Nutt. ex DC.) Heller FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Bristly-Fruit Scaleseed 

Sphaerophysa salsula (Pallas) DC. FACU FACU UPL Red Bladder-Vetch 

Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski FAC FACU FAC Bay Biscayne Creeping-Oxeye 

Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. FACW OBL OBL OBL Chickenspike 

Sphenopholis filiformis (Chapman) Scribn. FACU UPL Long-Leaf Wedgescale 

Sphenopholis intermedia (Rydb.) Rydb. FAC FAC Slender Wedgescale 

Sphenopholis nitida (Biehler) Scribn. FAC Shiny Wedgescale 

Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. FAC FAC FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC FAC Prairie Wedgescale 

Sphenopholis pensylvanica (L.) A.S. Hitchc. OBL OBL OBL OBL Swamp Wedgescale 

Sphenopholis X pallens (Biehler) Scribn. (pro sp.) FACW FAC FAC FAC 

Sphenosciadium capitellatum Gray FACW FACW Swamp Whiteheads 

Spigelia loganioides (Torr. & Gray ex Endl. & Fenzl) A. 

DC. 

FACW 

Florida Pinkroot 

Spinulum annotinum (L.) A. Haines FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Interrupted Club-Moss 

Spiraea alba Du Roi FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW White Meadowsweet 

Spiraea betulifolia Pallas FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Shiny-Leaf Meadowsweet 

Spiraea douglasii Hook. UPL FACW FACW UPL UPL FACW Douglas' Meadowsweet 

Spiraea japonica L. f. FACU FACU UPL UPL Japanese Meadowsweet 

Spiraea latifolia (Ait.) Borkh. FACW FACW FACW FACW Broad-Leaf Meadowsweet 

Spiraea salicifolia L. FACW FACW OBL Willow-Leaf Meadowsweet 

Spiraea stevenii (Schneid.) Rydb. FACU Steven's Meadowsweet 

Spiraea tomentosa L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Steeplebush 

Spiraea virginiana Britt. FACW FACU Virginia Meadowsweet 

Spiraea X hitchcockii Hess & Stoynoff FAC FAC 

Spiranthes brevilabris Lindl. FACW FAC Texas Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes cernua (L.) L.C. Rich. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW White Nodding Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes delitescens Sheviak OBL Madrean Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes diluvialis Sheviak FACW FACW FACW Diluvim Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes eatonii Ames ex P.M. Brown FACU FACU Eaton's Ladies'-Tresses



Spiranthes floridana (Wherry) Cory FACW FAC Florida Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes infernalis Sheviak FACW Ash Meadows Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Northern Slender Ladies'- 

Tresses 

Spiranthes laciniata (Small) Ames FACW OBL OBL OBL Lace-Lip Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes longilabris Lindl. FACW OBL Giant-Spiral Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes lucida (H.H. Eat.) Ames FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Shining Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes magnicamporum Sheviak FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU FAC Great Plains Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes odorata (Nutt.) Lindl. OBL OBL OBL Marsh Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes ovalis Lindl. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC October Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes porrifolia Lindl. FACW FACW Western Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes praecox (Walt.) S. Wats. FACW OBL FACW OBL Green-Vein Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW Hooded Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes torta (Thunb.) Garay & Sweet FACU FAC Southern Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes tuberosa Raf. FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL Little Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC Spring Ladies'-Tresses 

Spiranthes X folsomii P.M. Brown FAC 

Spiranthes X itchetuckneensis P.M. Brown FAC 

Spiranthes X meridionalis P.M. Brown FAC 

Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Common Duckmeat 

Sporobolus airoides (Torr.) Torr. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Alkali-Sacaton 

Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU Sand Dropseed 

Sporobolus curtissii Small ex Kearney FACU Pineland Dropseed 

Sporobolus diandrus (Retz.) Beauv. UPL UPL UPL FACU Tussock Dropseed 

Sporobolus domingensis (Trin.) Kunth FACU FAC FACU Coral Dropseed 

Sporobolus flexuosus (Thurb. ex Vasey) Rydb. FAC FACU FAC UPL Mesa Dropseed 

Sporobolus floridanus Chapman FACW FAC Florida Dropseed 

Sporobolus giganteus Nash UPL FACU UPL UPL Giant Dropseed 

Sporobolus heterolepis (Gray) Gray UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU Prairie Dropseed 

Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Smut Grass 

Sporobolus neglectus Nash UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL Small Dropseed 

Sporobolus pinetorum Weakley & P.M. Peterson FACW FACW Carolina Dropseed 

Sporobolus pyramidatus (Lam.) A.S. Hitchc. FAC FACU FACW UPL FAC FACU UPL UPL FACU Target Dropseed 

Sporobolus teretifolius Harper FACW FACW Wire-Leaf Dropseed 

Sporobolus texanus Vasey FACW FAC FAC FAC Texas Dropseed 

Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth FACW FACW FACW FAC Seashore Dropseed



Sporobolus wrightii Munro ex Scribn. FAC Wright's Dropseed 

Stachydeoma graveolens (Chapman ex Gray) Small FACW Mock Pennyroyal 

Stachys ajugoides Benth. OBL OBL Bugle Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys albens Gray OBL OBL White-Stem Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys aspera Michx. FAC FACW FACW FACW Gritty Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys chamissonis Benth. FACW OBL FACW Coastal Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys clingmanii Small UPL FAC FACU Clingman's Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys coccinea Ortega FAC FAC Scarlet Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys cordata Riddell FAC FAC FAC FAC Heart-Leaf Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys crenata Raf. FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC Mouse's-Ear 

Stachys eplingii J. Nelson FAC FAC Epling's Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys floridana Shuttlw. ex Benth. FAC FAC FAC FAC Florida Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys hyssopifolia Michx. OBL FACW FACW FACW Hyssop-Leaf Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys latidens Small ex Britt. FAC FAC Broad-Tooth Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys mexicana Benth. UPL FACW FACW Mexican Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys palustris L. OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Woundwort 

Stachys pilosa Nutt. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Hairy Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys pycnantha Benth. FACW FACW Short-Spike Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys rigida Nutt. ex Benth. FACW FACW Rough Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys stricta Greene OBL OBL Sonoma Hedge-Nettle 

Stachys tenuifolia Willd. FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW Smooth Hedge-Nettle 

Stachytarpheta australis Moldenke FAC Branched Porterweed 

Stachytarpheta cayennensis (L.C. Rich.) Vahl FACU FACU FAC Cayenne Porterweed 

Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl FACU FACU FACU Blueflower 

Stahlia monosperma (Tul.) Urban FACW Cobana-Negra 

Staphylea trifolia L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC American Bladdernut 

Steinchisma hians (Ell.) Nash OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Gaping Grass 

Steinchisma laxum (Sw.) F. Zuloaga FACW FACW Lax Gaping Grass 

Stellaria alsine Grimm OBL OBL OBL OBL FAC Bog Chickweed 

Stellaria antillana Urban OBL West Indian Starwort 

Stellaria borealis Bigelow FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW Boreal Starwort 

Stellaria calycantha (Ledeb.) Bong. FACW FACW FACW FACW Northern Bog Starwort 

Stellaria crassifolia Ehrh. FACW FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Fleshy Starwort 

Stellaria crispa Cham. & Schlecht. FAC FAC FACW FAC Ruffled Starwort 

Stellaria cuspidata Willd. ex Schlecht. FAC FAC FAC FAC Mexican Starwort 

Stellaria fontinalis (Short & Peter) B.L. Robins. FACW American Water Starwort



Stellaria graminea L. FAC FAC FACU FACU UPL UPL FACU Grass-Leaf Starwort 

Stellaria humifusa Rottb. OBL OBL OBL OBL Saltmarsh Starwort 

Stellaria littoralis Torr. OBL OBL Beach Starwort 

Stellaria longifolia Muhl. ex Willd. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Long-Leaf Starwort 

Stellaria longipes Goldie FAC FACW OBL OBL FACU FACW Long-Stalk Starwort 

Stellaria media (L.) Vill. FACU UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Chickweed 

Stellaria obtusa Engelm. FACW FACW FACW Rocky Mountain Starwort 

Stellaria palustris Ehrh. ex Hoffmann FAC FAC European Water Starwort 

Stellaria umbellata Turcz. ex Kar. & Kir. FACW FACW FACW FACW Umbrella Starwort 

Stemodia durantifolia (L.) Sw. FACW OBL FACW OBL White-Woolly Twintip 

Stemodia maritima L. FACW Seaside Twintip 

Stenandrium dulce (Cav.) Nees OBL FACW Sweet Shaggytuft 

Stenandrium tuberosum (L.) Urban FACW Mata-Espiritista 

Stenanthium densum (Desr.) Zomlefer & Judd FACW OBL FACW Osceola's-Plume 

Stenanthium gramineum (Ker-Gawl.) Morong FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Eastern Featherbells 

Stenanthium leimanthoides (Gray) Zomlefer & Judd FACW OBL FACW OBL Pine-Barren Featherbells 

Stenogyne calaminthoides Gray FAC Bog Stenogyne 

Stenogyne calycosa Sherff FACU Maui Stenogyne 

Stenogyne cranwelliae Sherff FACW Kohala Mountain Stenogyne 

Stenogyne kamehamehae Wawra FAC Forest Stenogyne 

Stenogyne kealiae Wawra FAC Keal's Stenogyne 

Stenogyne macrantha Benth. FACU Hawaii Stenogyne 

Stenogyne oxygona O. Deg. & Sherff FACU Jeweled Stenogyne 

Stenogyne purpurea Mann FAC Purple Stenogyne 

Stenogyne rotundifolia Gray FAC Pua'ainaka 

Stenogyne sessilis Benth. FACU Fuzzy-Flower Stenogyne 

Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC St. Augustine Grass 

Sticherus bifidus (Willd.) Ching OBL Mexican Umbrella Fern 

Sticherus brevipubis (Christ) A.R. Sm. FACU Clothed Umbrella Fern 

Sticherus owhyensis (Hook.) Ching FACU Hawaii Umbrella Fern 

Stictocardia tiliifolia (Desr.) Hallier f. FACU FACW FACU Spottedheart 

Stigmaphyllon bannisterioides (L.) C. Anderson FACW Egg-Leaf Amazon-Vine 

Stillingia aquatica Chapman OBL Water Toothleaf 

Stokesia laevis (Hill) Greene FAC FAC Stokes'-Aster 

Streblus pendulinus (Endl.) F. Muell. FACU Hawaii Roughbush 

Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC. FACU FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Clasping Twistedstalk



Streptopus lanceolatus (Ait.) Reveal FACU FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC Lance-Leaf Twistedstalk 

Streptopus streptopoides (Ledeb.) Frye & Rigg FAC FACW Small Twistedstalk 

Strophostyles helvola (L.) Ell. FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC Trailing Fuzzy-Bean 

Strophostyles umbellata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Britt. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Pink Fuzzy-Bean 

Struchium sparganophorum (L.) Kuntze OBL Yerba-de-Faja 

Strumpfia maritima Jacq. OBL UPL Pride-of-Big-Pine 

Stuckenia filiformis (Pers.) Börner OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Slender-Leaf False Pondweed 

Stuckenia pectinata (L.) Böerner OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sago False Pondweed 

Stuckenia striata (Ruiz & Pavón) Holub OBL OBL OBL OBL Striped False Pondweed 

Stuckenia vaginata (Turcz.) Holub OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sheathed False Pondweed 

Stylisma aquatica (Walt.) Raf. FACW FACW FACW Water Dawnflower 

Stylisma pickeringii (Torr. ex M.A. Curtis) Gray FAC FAC FAC UPL Pickering's Dawnflower 

Stylogyne lateriflora (Sw.) Mez OBL Quiebrahacha 

Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. UPL UPL Brazilian Pencil-Flower 

Styrax americanus Lam. FACW OBL FACW OBL OBL American Snowbell 

Styrax grandifolius Ait. FACU FACU FAC UPL Big-Leaf Snowbell 

Styrax platanifolius Engelm. FAC FAC Sycamore-Leaf Snowbell 

Styrax portoricensis Krug & Urban FAC Palo-de-Jazmin 

Suaeda calceoliformis (Hook.) Moq. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Paiuteweed 

Suaeda californica S. Wats. FACW FACW Broom Seepweed 

Suaeda conferta (Small) I.M. Johnston OBL OBL Beach Seepweed 

Suaeda esteroa Ferren & Whitmore FACW Seablite 

Suaeda linearis (Ell.) Moq. OBL OBL OBL OBL Annual Seepweed 

Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort. OBL FAC OBL OBL FACW Herbaceous Seepweed 

Suaeda mexicana (Standl.) Standl. FACW Mexican Seepweed 

Suaeda nigra (Raf.) J.F. Macbr. OBL FACW OBL OBL Shrubby Seepweed 

Suaeda occidentalis (S. Wats.) S. Wats. FACW FACW FACW Western Seepweed 

Suaeda taxifolia (Standl.) Standl. FACW Needle-Leaf Seepweed 

Subularia aquatica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Water-Awlwort 

Suckleya suckleyana (Torr.) Rydb. FACW FACW FACW Poison Suckleya 

Suksdorfia violacea Gray FAC FAC Violet Mock Brookfoam 

Sullivantia hapemanii (Coult. & Fisher) Coult. FACW FACW OBL Hapeman's Coolwort 

Suriana maritima L. FAC FACU Bay-Cedar 

Swertia perennis L. FACW FACW FAC FACW Felwort 

Swietenia macrophylla King FACU FACU Honduras Mahogany 

Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. UPL UPL FACU West Indian Mahogany



Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Common Snowberry 

Symphoricarpos mollis Nutt. FACU Creeping Snowberry 

Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. FAC UPL UPL UPL FACU FAC Western Snowberry 

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Coral-Berry 

Symphyotrichum adnatum (Nutt.) Nesom FACW Scale-Leaf American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum ascendens (Lindl.) Nesom FAC FACU FACU Western American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum bahamense (Britt.) Nesom OBL OBL Island American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum boreale (Torr. & Gray) A.& D. Löve OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Boreal American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum bracteolatum (Nutt.) Nesom FAC FAC FAC Bracted American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum chapmanii (Torr. & Gray) Semple & L. Brouillet OBL Savannah American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum chilense (Nees) Nesom FAC FAC Pacific American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum ciliatum (Ledeb.) Nesom FACU FACW FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW Alkali American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum defoliatum (Parish) Nesom OBL OBL San Bernardino American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum divaricatum (Nutt.) Nesom OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL Lawn American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum dumosum (L.) Nesom FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Rice Button American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum elliottii (Torr. & Gray) Nesom OBL OBL Marsh American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) Nesom UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC White Heath American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum eulae (Shinners) Nesom FAC FAC Eula's American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum expansum (Poepp. ex Spreng.) Nesom OBL OBL FACW OBL OBL FAC OBL OBL Desert American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum falcatum (Lindl.) Nesom FAC FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Rough White Prairie American- 

Aster 

Symphyotrichum foliaceum (Lindl. ex DC.) Nesom UPL UPL UPL FACU Alpine Leafy-Head American- 

Aster 

Symphyotrichum frondosum (Nutt.) Nesom FACW FACW FACW FACW Leafy American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum kralii Nesom FAC FAC Simmonds' American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) A.& D. Löve UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Smooth Blue American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) Nesom FACW OBL FACW FACW FAC FACW OBL White Panicled American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum lateriflorum (L.) A.& D. Löve FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC Farewell-Summer 

Symphyotrichum lentum (Greene) Nesom OBL Suisun Marsh American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) Nesom FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW New England American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum novi-belgii (L.) Nesom OBL FACW FACW New Belgium American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum ontarionis (Wieg.) Nesom FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Ontario American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom FACW FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU UPL White Oldfield American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum porteri (Gray) Nesom FACU FACU FACU Smooth White American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum praealtum (Poir.) Nesom FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Willow-Leaf American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum prenanthoides (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nesom FAC FAC FAC FAC Crooked-Stem American-Aster



Symphyotrichum priceae (Britt.) Nesom FACU Price's American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum puniceum (L.) A.& D. Löve OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Purple-Stem American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum racemosum (Ell.) Nesom FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Fragile-Stem American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum robynsianum (Rouss.) L. Brouillet & Labrecque FACW FACW FACW Robyns' American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum spathulatum (Lindl.) Nesom FAC FAC FAC Mountain American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum squamatum (Spreng.) Nesom OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Symphyotrichum subspicatum (Nees) Nesom FAC FACW FAC FACW Leafy-Bract American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) Nesom OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL FACW Seaside American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum tenuifolium (L.) Nesom OBL OBL OBL Perennial Saltmarsh American- 

Aster 

Symphyotrichum tradescantii (L.) Nesom FACW FACW Tradescant's American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum walteri (Alexander) Nesom FAC FAC Walter's American-Aster 

Symphyotrichum yukonense (Cronq.) Nesom FACW Yukon American-Aster 

Symphysia racemosa (Vahl) Stearn FACW Leather-Leaf Eelvine 

Symphytum asperum Lepechin UPL FACW UPL UPL UPL FACW Prickly Comfrey 

Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Skunk-Cabbage 

Symplocos tinctoria (L.) L'Hér. FAC FAC FAC FAC Horsesugar 

Synandra hispidula (Michx.) Britt. FACU FAC FAC Guyandotte-Beauty 

Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. FAC UPL FAC Nodeweed 

Syngonanthus flavidulus (Michx.) Ruhl. FACW FACW Yellow-Hatpins 

Synthyris ranunculina Pennell OBL Charleston Mountain Kitten's- 

Tail 

Syringodium filiforme Kuetz. OBL OBL OBL Manatee-Grass 

Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels UPL FAC Jambolan-Plum 

Syzygium grande (Wight) Wight ex Walp. UPL FACU Sea-Apple 

Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston FACU FAC FAC Malabar-Plum 

Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & Perry UPL FACU Malaysian-Apple 

Syzygium sandwicense (Gray) Niedenzu FACU Ohi'a Ha 

Tabebuia rigida Urban FAC Roble-de-Sierra 

Tabebuia schumanniana Urban FACW Roble-Colorado 

Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze FAC Batflower 

Tagetes lucida Cav. FACU Mexican Tarragon 

Talipariti tiliaceum (L.) Fryxell FACU FACW FAC Hawaii Sea-Hibiscus 

Tamarix aphylla (L.) Karst. FACW FAC UPL FACW FACU FACW Athel Tamarisk 

Tamarix chinensis Lour. FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC Five-Stamen Tamarisk 

Tamarix gallica L. FACW FACW UPL FACW FACW French Tamarisk



Tamarix parviflora DC. FACW FAC FACW UPL FACW UPL UPL FACW Small-Flower Tamarisk 

Tanacetum vulgare L. UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU Common Tansy 

Taraxacum californicum Munz & Johnston FACW California Dandelion 

Taraxacum ceratophorum (Ledeb.) DC. UPL UPL UPL FACU Horned Dandelion 

Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Common Dandelion 

Taraxia breviflora (Torr. & Gray) Nutt. ex Small FAC FACU FAC Nested Goldeneggs 

Taraxia subacaulis Rydb. FACW FACW FACW Spreading Goldeneggs 

Taraxia tanacetifolia (Torr. & Gray) Piper FACU FACU Tansy-Leaf Goldeneggs 

Tarenaya hassleriana (Chod.) Iltis FACU FAC FACU FAC FACU Pinkqueen 

Tarenaya spinosa (Jacq.) Raf. FACU FAC Spiny Pinkqueen 

Tarenna sambucina (G. Forst.) Dur. FACU* 

Tauschia tenuissima 

(Geyer ex Hook.) Mathias & 

Constance 

FACW 

FACW Leiberg's Umbrella-Wort 

Tauschia texana Gray FACW FACW Texas Umbrella-Wort 

Taxodium ascendens Brongn. OBL OBL Pond-Cypress 

Taxodium distichum (L.) L.C. Rich. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Southern Bald-Cypress 

Taxus brevifolia Nutt. FACU FACU FACU Pacific Yew 

Taxus canadensis Marsh. FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU American Yew 

Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL Yellow Trumpetbush 

Tectaria coriandrifolia (Sw.) Underwood OBL Hattie Bauer's Halberd Fern 

Tectaria crenata Cav. FACU* 

Tectaria fimbriata (Willd.) Proctor & Lourteig OBL UPL Fringed Halberd Fern 

Tectaria heracleifolia (Willd.) Underwood FACW UPL FACW Broad Halberd Fern 

Tectaria incisa Cav. FACW FACW UPL Incised Halberd Fern 

Tectaria plantaginea (Jacq.) Maxon OBL Plantain-Leaf Halberd Fern 

Tectaria trifoliata (L.) Cav. FAC Three-Leaf Halberd Fern 

Tectaria X amesiana A.A. Eat. (pro sp.) OBL 

Tectona grandis L. f. UPL UPL Teak 

Teliostachya alopecuroidea (Vahl) Nees FACU Pata-de-Gallina 

Tellima grandiflora (Pursh) Dougl. ex Lindl. FACU FACU FACU Fragrant Fringecup 

Tephroseris atropurpurea (Ledeb.) Holub FAC Dark-Purple Squaw-Weed 

Tephroseris frigida (Richards.) Holub FAC Arctic Squaw-Weed 

Tephroseris palustris (L.) Reichenb. FACW FACW FACW FACW Clustered Marsh Squaw-Weed 

Tephrosia hispidula (Michx.) Pers. FACU FACU Sprawling Hoary-Pea 

Terminalia catappa L. UPL FACU FAC Tropical-Almond 

Ternstroemia albopunctata Griseb. FAC Teta-Prieta



Ternstroemia heptasepala Krug & Urban OBL Saintedwood 

Ternstroemia luquillensis Krug & Urban OBL Palo-Colorado 

Ternstroemia peduncularis DC. FACW Copey-Vera 

Ternstroemia stahlii Krug & Urban FACU Mamey-de-Cura 

Ternstroemia subsessilis (Britt.) Kobuski FAC El Yunque-Colorado 

Tetragastris balsamifera (Sw.) Oken FACU Masa 

Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa (Hbd.) Sherff FACU Koolau 'Ohe 

Tetraplasandra hawaiensis Gray FACU Hawaii 'Ohe 

Tetraplasandra kavaiensis (Mann) Sherff FACU Ohe'ohe 

Tetraplasandra oahuensis (Gray) H.A.T. Harms FACU Ohe Mauka 

Tetraplasandra waialealae Rock FAC Mt. Waialeale 'Ohe 

Tetraplasandra waimeae Wawra FAC Ohe Kiko 'Ola 

Tetrazygia bicolor (P. Mill.) Cogn. FAC FACU Florida Clover-Ash 

Tetrazygia biflora (Cogn.) Urban FAC Puerto Rico Clover-Ash 

Tetrazygia crotonifolia (Desr.) DC. FACU Hillside Clover-Ash 

Tetrazygia urbanii Cogn. FAC Cenizo 

Teucrium canadense L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC American Germander 

Teucrium chamaedrys L. FACU FACU Wall Germander 

Teucrium cubense Jacq. UPL FACW FAC FACW Small Coastal Germander 

Thalassia testudinum Banks & Soland. ex Koenig OBL OBL OBL Turtle-Grass 

Thalia dealbata Fraser ex Roscoe OBL OBL OBL OBL Powdery Alligator-Flag 

Thalia geniculata L. OBL OBL OBL Bent Alligator-Flag 

Thalictrum alpinum L. FAC FACW FACW FACW Alpine Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum clavatum DC. FACW FACW Mountain Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum cooleyi Ahles FACW Cooley's Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum coriaceum (Britt.) Small FACU FACU Maid-of-the-Mist 

Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Avé-Lall. FAC FACW FACW FAC FACW FACW FACW Purple Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum debile Buckl. FAC FAC Southern Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum dioicum L. FAC FAC FACW FACU FACU FACW Early Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum fendleri Engelm. ex Gray FAC FAC FAC Fendler's Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum macrostylum Small & Heller FACW FACW Small-Leaf Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum mirabile Small OBL FAC Little Mountain Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum occidentale Gray FACU FACU FACU Western Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum pubescens Pursh FACW FACW FAC FACW King-of-the-Meadow 

Thalictrum revolutum DC. FAC FACU UPL FACW FAC FAC FACW Waxy-Leaf Meadow-Rue 

Thalictrum sparsiflorum Turcz. ex Fisch. & C.A. Mey. FACU FAC FAC Few-Flower Meadow-Rue



Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames & Boivin FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Rue-Anemone 

Thalictrum venulosum Trel. FACU FAC FAC FACW FAC Veiny-Leaf Meadow-Rue 

Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt. UPL FACU FAC FACU UPL Hairy-Joint Meadow-Parsnip 

Thelypodium brachycarpum Torr. UPL FACU Short-Pod Thelypody 

Thelypodium crispum Greene ex Payson FACU FACU Crisped Thelypody 

Thelypodium integrifolium (Nutt.) Endl. FACW FACW FACW Entire-Leaf Thelypody 

Thelypodium sagittatum 

(Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Endl. ex 

Walp. 

FACW FACU FACW Arrowhead Thelypody 

Thelypodium stenopetalum S. Wats. FAC Slender-Petal Thelypody 

Thelypteris angustifolia (Willd.) Proctor OBL Broad-Leaf Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris balbisii (Spreng.) Ching FAC Balbis' Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris decussata (L.) Proctor FACW Glandular Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris deltoidea (Sw.) Proctor FAC Deltoid Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris germaniana (Fée) Proctor FACW German's Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris gretheri (W.H. Wagner) Stone FACU* 

Thelypteris kunthii (Desv.) Morton FACW FAC FACW FAC Kunth's Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris linkiana (K. Presl) R. Tryon FAC Link's Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris maemonensis (W.H. Wagner & Grether) Stone FAC* 

Thelypteris namaphila Proctor FACW Maricao Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris opposita (Vahl) Ching FACW Opposite-Leaf Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris opulenta (Kaulfuss) Fosberg FACW FACW* Jeweled Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris ovata R. St. John UPL FACW UPL FACW Ovate Marsh Fern 

Thelypteris palustris Schott OBL FACW OBL OBL FACW OBL Eastern Marsh Fern 

Thelypteris patens (Sw.) Small ex R. St. John FACU FAC Grid-Scale Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris piedrensis (C. Christens.) Morton FACU Cuban Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris poiteana (Bory) Proctor FAC Dark-Green Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris puberula (Baker) Morton FACW OBL Showy Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris resinifera (Desv.) Proctor FACW FACW Resinous Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris reticulata (L.) Proctor FACW FACW Lattice-Vein Fern 

Thelypteris rheophyta Proctor OBL Rio Inabon Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris rudis (Kunze) Proctor FAC Red Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris sancta (L.) Ching FAC FAC Caribbean Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris sclerophylla (Poepp. ex Spreng.) Morton UPL FACU Stiff Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris serrata (Cav.) Alston FACW OBL Toothed Lattice-Vein Fern 

Thelypteris subpubescens (Blume) K. Iwats. FACU* 

Thelypteris unita (L.) Morton FACU*



Thelypteris wailele T. Flynn FACW Waioli Valley Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris warburgii (Kuhn & Christ) Stone FAC* 

Thermopsis divaricarpa A. Nels. FAC FAC FAC Spread-Fruit Golden-Banner 

Thermopsis montana Nutt. FAC FAC Montane Golden-Banner 

Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt. ex Pursh) Nutt. ex Richards. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Prairie Golden-Banner 

Thespesia populnea (L.) Soland. ex Correa FAC FAC FAC Portia-Tree 

Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Luckynut 

Thinopyrum pycnanthum (Godr.) Barkworth FACW FACW FACW FACW Tick Quack Grass 

Thlaspi arvense L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL UPL Field Pennycress 

Thrinax radiata Lodd. ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes FAC Florida Thatch Palm 

Thuja occidentalis L. UPL FACW FACW FACW FACW Eastern Arborvitae 

Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don FAC FAC UPL FAC Western Arborvitae 

Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Black-Eyed-Susan-Vine 

Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anders. FAC UPL Bush Clockvine 

Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb. UPL UPL FACU Bengal-Trumpet 

Thyrsanthella difformis (Walt.) Pichon FACW FACW FACW FACW Climbing-Dogbane 

Tiarella cordifolia L. FAC FAC FACU FACU Heart-Leaf Foamflower 

Tiarella trifoliata L. FAC FAC FAC Three-Leaf Foamflower 

Tibouchina herbacea (DC.) Cogn. FAC Herbaceous Glorytree 

Tiedemannia canbyi 

(Coult. & Rose) Feist & S.R. 

Downie 

OBL 

OBL 

Tiedemannia filiformis (Walt.) Feist & S.R. Downie OBL FACW FACW 

Tilia americana L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU American Basswood 

Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L. FAC UPL UPL UPL UPL Spanish-Moss 

Tipularia discolor (Pursh) Nutt. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Crippled-Cranefly 

Tiquilia nuttallii (Hook.) A. Richards. UPL FACU UPL Rosette Crinklemat 

Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) Gray FACU FACU UPL Tree-Marigold 

Tithonia thurberi Gray FACW Arizona Sunflower-Weed 

Tofieldia coccinea Richards. FAC Purple Featherling 

Tofieldia glabra Nutt. FACW FACW White Featherling 

Tofieldia pusilla (Michx.) Pers. FAC FACW FACW Scotch Featherling 

Tolmiea menziesii (Pursh) Torr. & Gray FACW FACW FAC Piggyback-Plant 

Torenia asiatica L. FACW Wishbone-Flower 

Torenia glabra Osbeck FACW Ola'a-Beauty 

Torralbasia cuneifolia (C. Wright) Krug & Urban FAC Boje 

Torreyochloa erecta (A.S. Hitchc.) Church OBL OBL Spiked False Manna Grass



Torreyochloa pallida (Torr.) Church OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Pale False Manna Grass 

Touchardia latifolia Gaud. FACW Olona 

Tournefortia argentea L. f. FACU Velvet-Leaf Soldierbush 

Tournefortia filiflora Griseb. FACU Cold-Withe 

Tournefortia maculata Jacq. FAC Bejuco-de-Masa 

Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & Gray) Greene FAC Pacific Poison-Oak 

Toxicodendron pubescens P. Mill. FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Poison-Oak 

Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC Eastern Poison Ivy 

Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small ex Rydb.) Greene FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Western Poison Ivy 

Toxicodendron vernix (L.) Kuntze OBL OBL OBL OBL Poison-Sumac 

Toxicoscordion fontanum (Eastw.) Zomlefer & Judd OBL OBL 

Toxicoscordion micranthum (Eastw.) Heller OBL OBL Small-Flower Poison Camas 

Toxicoscordion venenosum (S. Wats.) Rydb. FACU FAC FAC FACU Meadow Poison Camas 

Tradescantia bracteata Small FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC Long-Bract Spiderwort 

Tradescantia edwardsiana Tharp FAC FAC Plateau Spiderwort 

Tradescantia fluminensis Vell. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Small-Leaf Wandering-Jew 

Tradescantia occidentalis (Britt.) Smyth UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACW Prairie Spiderwort 

Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. FAC FACW FAC FACU FACU FACU Bluejacket 

Tradescantia spathacea Sw. UPL UPL FACU Boat-Lily 

Tradescantia virginiana L. FAC FAC FACU UPL UPL Virginia Spiderwort 

Tradescantia wrightii Rose & Bush FACW FACW FACW Wright's Spiderwort 

Tradescantia zebrina hort. ex Bosse UPL FACU UPL FAC Inchplant 

Transberingia bursifolia (DC.) Al-Shehbaz & O'Kane FACU UPL FACU UPL False Fissurewort 

Trapa natans L. OBL OBL OBL Water-Chestnut 

Trautvetteria caroliniensis (Walt.) Vail FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC Carolina Tassel-Rue 

Trema micrantha (L.) Blume FAC FACU Jamaican Nettletree 

Trema orientalis (L.) Blume FACU FACU Gunpowder-Tree 

Trematolobelia grandifolia (Rock) O. Deg. FAC Large-Flower False Lobelia 

Trematolobelia kauaiensis (Rock) Skottsberg FAC Kauai False Lobelia 

Trematolobelia macrostachys (Hook. & Arn.) Zahlbr. FAC Koli'i 

Trematolobelia singularis St. John FACW Lava-Slope False Lobelia 

Trematolobelia wimmeri O.& I. Deg. FAC Kohala Mountain False Lobelia 

Trepocarpus aethusae Nutt. ex DC. FACW FACW FACW OBL Whitenymph 

Triadica sebifera (L.) Small FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Chinese Tallowtree 

Triantha glutinosa (Michx.) Baker FACW OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sticky False Asphodel 

Triantha occidentalis (S. Wats.) Gates UPL UPL UPL FACW Western False Asphodel



Triantha racemosa (Walt.) Small OBL OBL Coastal False Asphodel 

Trianthema portulacastrum L. FACW FAC FAC UPL FACW FAC FACW FAC Desert Horse-Purslane 

Tribulus cistoides L. FACU UPL UPL Jamaican Feverplant 

Trichilia pallida Sw. FACU Gaita 

Trichocoronis wrightii (Torr. & Gray) Gray FACW FACW FACW FACW Limestone Bugheal 

Trichomanes brevipes (K. Presl) Baker FACU* 

Trichomanes holopterum Kunze OBL UPL Entire-Wing Bristle Fern 

Trichomanes javanicum Blume FACU* 

Trichomanes membranaceum L. OBL Scale-Edge Bristle Fern 

Trichomanes rigidum Sw. OBL Stiff Bristle Fern 

Trichomanes robustum Fourn. FACW Robust Bristle Fern 

Trichophorum alpinum (L.) Pers. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Alpine Leafless-Bulrush 

Trichophorum caespitosum (L.) Hartman OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Tufted Leafless-Bulrush 

Trichophorum clementis (M.E. Jones) S.G. Sm. FAC FAC Yosemite Leafless-Bulrush 

Trichophorum clintonii (Gray) S.G. Sm. OBL FACU FACU Clinton's Leafless-Bulrush 

Trichophorum pumilum (Vahl) Schinz & Thellung OBL FACW OBL FACW Rolland's Leafless-Bulrush 

Trichostema austromontanum F.H. Lewis OBL OBL San Jacinto Bluecurls 

Trichostema dichotomum L. UPL UPL FAC UPL UPL Forked Bluecurls 

Trichostema lanceolatum Benth. FACU FACU Vinegar-Weed 

Trichostema micranthum Gray FAC Small-Flower Bluecurls 

Trichostigma octandrum (L.) H. Walt. FACU FACU Hoopvine 

Tridax procumbens L. FACU FACU FACU FAC Coatbuttons 

Tridens albescens (Vasey) Woot. & Standl. FAC FACU FAC FACU White Fluff Grass 

Tridens ambiguus (Ell.) J.A. Schultes FACW FACW FAC Pine-Barren Fluff Grass 

Tridens flavus (L.) A.S. Hitchc. FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Tall Redtop 

Tridens muticus (Torr.) Nash FACW FAC FAC UPL FAC FAC Awnless Fluff Grass 

Tridens strictus (Nutt.) Nash FACW FACW FAC FACU FACU Long-Spike Fluff Grass 

Trientalis borealis Raf. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Maystar 

Trientalis europaea L. FACU FAC FAC Arctic Starflower 

Trientalis latifolia Hook. FAC FACW Western Starflower 

Trifolium albopurpureum Torr. & Gray FACU FACU Rancheria Clover 

Trifolium amabile Kunth OBL Aztec Clover 

Trifolium amoenum Greene FACW FACW Showy Indian Clover 

Trifolium barbigerum Torr. FACW FACW Bearded Clover 

Trifolium beckwithii Brewer ex S. Wats. FAC FAC FAC Plumas Clover 

Trifolium bolanderi Gray OBL OBL Parasol Clover



Trifolium cyathiferum Lindl. UPL FAC FAC Bowl Clover 

Trifolium dasyphyllum Torr. & Gray UPL FACU UPL Uinta Clover 

Trifolium depauperatum Desv. FAC UPL UPL FAC Balloon Sack Clover 

Trifolium douglasii House FACW FACW Douglas' Clover 

Trifolium dubium Sibthorp FACU UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU Suckling Clover 

Trifolium eriocephalum Nutt. FAC FAC Woolly-Head Clover 

Trifolium fragiferum L. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Strawberry-Head Clover 

Trifolium fucatum Lindl. FACU UPL UPL FACU Sour Clover 

Trifolium grayi Loja. FACW FACW Gray's Clover 

Trifolium haydenii Porter FACU UPL Hayden's Clover 

Trifolium howellii S. Wats. FACW FACW Canyon Clover 

Trifolium hybridum L. FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FAC Alsike Clover 

Trifolium hydrophilum Greene FAC FAC Saline Clover 

Trifolium kingii S. Wats. FAC FAC King's Clover 

Trifolium longipes Nutt. FACW FACW FAC Long-Stalk Clover 

Trifolium macrocephalum (Pursh) Poir. FACU FACU Large-Head Clover 

Trifolium microcephalum Pursh UPL FAC FAC Small-Head Clover 

Trifolium monanthum Gray FAC FAC Mountain Carpet Clover 

Trifolium mucronatum Willd. ex Spreng. FACW FACW FACW Cusp Clover 

Trifolium nanum Torr. UPL FACW UPL Tundra Clover 

Trifolium neurophyllum Greene FACW FACW FACW White Mountain Clover 

Trifolium obtusiflorum Hook. f. FAC FAC Clammy Clover 

Trifolium parryi Gray FAC FAC FAC Parry's Clover 

Trifolium pinetorum Greene FACW FACW FACW Pinewoods Clover 

Trifolium polyodon Greene FACW Pacific Grove Clover 

Trifolium pratense L. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Red Clover 

Trifolium productum Greene FAC FAC Shasta Clover 

Trifolium repens L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC White Clover 

Trifolium resupinatum L. FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Reversed Clover 

Trifolium variegatum Nutt. FAC FAC FAC White-Tip Clover 

Trifolium willdenowii Spreng. FACW FACU Springbank Clover 

Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm. FAC FACW FACW FACW Cow Clover 

Triglochin concinna Burtt-Davy OBL OBL Slender Arrow-Grass 

Triglochin gaspensis Lieth & D. Löve OBL Gaspe Peninsula Arrow-Grass 

Triglochin maritima L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Seaside Arrow-Grass 

Triglochin palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh Arrow-Grass



Triglochin scilloides (Poir.) Mering & Kadereit OBL OBL Flowering-Quillwort 

Triglochin striata Ruiz & Pavón OBL OBL OBL Three-Rib Arrow-Grass 

Trillium albidum J.D. Freeman FACU FACU Giant White Trillium 

Trillium cernuum L. FACW FACW FAC FAC FAC Whip-Poor-Will-Flower 

Trillium erectum L. FAC FACU UPL FACU Stinking-Benjamin 

Trillium flexipes Raf. FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Nodding Trillium 

Trillium ovatum Pursh FACU FACU Western Trillium 

Trillium pusillum Michx. FACW FACW Dwarf Trillium 

Trillium recurvatum Beck FACU UPL FACU FACU Bloody-Butcher 

Trillium sessile L. UPL UPL FACU FACU Toadshade 

Trillium texanum Buckl. FACU FAC Texas Trillium 

Trillium undulatum Willd. FACU FACU Painted Trillium 

Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. FACU FACU FAC FAC FAC FACU UPL Clasping-Leaf Venus'-Looking- 

Glass 

Triosteum angustifolium L. UPL FAC FAC FAC FAC Yellow-Fruit Horse-Gentian 

Triphasia trifolia (Burm. f.) P. Wilson FAC UPL FAC* Limeberry 

Triphora surinamensis (Lindl.) Britt. FAC Hernando County Noddingcaps 

Triphora trianthophoros (Sw.) Rydb. FACW UPL FACU FACU FACU Threebirds 

Tripleurospermum maritimum (L.) W.D.J. Koch FAC FAC FACU UPL FAC FAC FAC FACU False Mayweed 

Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC FAC Eastern Mock Grama 

Trisetum cernuum Trin. FACU FACU FACU Tall False Oat 

Trisetum orthochaetum A.S. Hitchc. FACW FACW Bitterroot False Oat 

Trisetum sibiricum Rupr. FAC Siberian False Oat 

Trisetum spicatum (L.) Richter FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC UPL Narrow False Oat 

Triteleia hyacinthina (Lindl.) Greene FAC FAC Fool's-Onion 

Triteleia ixioides (Ait. f.) Greene FAC FAC Prettyface 

Triteleia peduncularis Lindl. FACW FACW Long-Ray Triplet-Lily 

Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. UPL UPL FAC Diamond Burrbark 

Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq. FACU FAC UPL Sacramento Burrbark 

Trollius laxus Salisb. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Globeflower 

Tropaeolum majus L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL Garden-Nasturtium 

Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. FACU FACU FACU FACU Eastern Hemlock 

Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. FAC FACU FACU Western Hemlock 

Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr. FAC FACU FACU Mountain Hemlock 

Tuctoria greenei (Vasey) J. Reeder OBL OBL Awnless Spiral Grass 

Tuctoria mucronata (Crampton) J. Reeder OBL Prickly Spiral Grass



Turnera ulmifolia L. UPL FAC UPL Ram-Goat-Dash-Along 

Turpinia occidentalis (Sw.) G. Don FAC Muttonwood 

Tussilago farfara L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Colt's-Foot 

Typha angustifolia L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Narrow-Leaf Cat-Tail 

Typha domingensis Pers. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Southern Cat-Tail 

Typha latifolia L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Broad-Leaf Cat-Tail 

Typha X glauca Godr. (pro sp.) OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL 

Ulex europaeus L. FACU Common Gorse 

Ulmus alata Michx. FACU FACU FACU FACU Winged Elm 

Ulmus americana L. FAC FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC American Elm 

Ulmus crassifolia Nutt. FAC FAC FAC FAC Cedar Elm 

Ulmus glabra Huds. FACU Wych Elm 

Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Chinese Elm 

Ulmus pumila L. FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL Siberian Elm 

Ulmus rubra Muhl. FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Slippery Elm 

Ulmus serotina Sarg. UPL FAC FAC September Elm 

Ulmus thomasii Sarg. FAC FACU FACU FAC FAC Rock Elm 

Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt. FAC FAC California-Laurel 

Uncinia uncinata (L. f.) Kükenth. FAC Hawaii Birdcatching Sedge 

Uniola paniculata L. FACU FACU FACU Sea-Oats 

Urena lobata L. FAC FACU FACU Caesarweed 

Urera baccifera (L.) Gaud. FACW Scratchbush 

Urera caracasana (Jacq.) Gaud. ex Griseb. FACW Flameberry 

Urera chlorocarpa Urban FACW Ortiga 

Urera glabra (Hook. & Arn.) Weddell FAC Hopue 

Urochloa arrecta (Hack. ex T. Dur. & Schinz) O. 

Morrone & F. Zuloaga 

UPL FACW African Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa distachya (L.) T. Q. Nguyen UPL FAC UPL Tropical Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa fusca (Sw.) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin FACU UPL UPL FACU FAC UPL Brown-Top Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) T.Q. Nguyen FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Para Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa panicoides Beauv. FACU FACU FACU Panic Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa plantaginea (Link) R. Webster FAC UPL FAC FACU UPL Plantain Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa platyphylla (Munro ex Wright) R. Webster FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Broad-Leaf Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa ramosa (L.) Nguyen FACU FACU FACU Dixie Liverseed Grass 

Urochloa reptans (L.) Stapf UPL UPL UPL UPL FAC Sprawling Liverseed Grass 

Urtica chamaedryoides Pursh FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Heart-Leaf Nettle



Urtica dioica L. FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC FACW FAC FAC Stinging Nettle 

Utricularia amethystina Salzm. ex St.-Hil. & Girard OBL Florida Purple Bladderwort 

Utricularia bifida L. FACW* 

Utricularia caerulea L. FAC* 

Utricularia cornuta Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Horned Bladderwort 

Utricularia floridana Nash OBL OBL Florida Yellow Bladderwort 

Utricularia foliosa L. OBL OBL Leafy Bladderwort 

Utricularia geminiscapa Benj. OBL OBL OBL OBL Hidden-Fruit Bladderwort 

Utricularia gibba L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Humped Bladderwort 

Utricularia inflata Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Swollen Bladderwort 

Utricularia intermedia Hayne OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Flat-Leaf Bladderwort 

Utricularia juncea Vahl OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Southern Bladderwort 

Utricularia macrorhiza Le Conte OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Greater Bladderwort 

Utricularia minor L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Lesser Bladderwort 

Utricularia ochroleuca R.W. Hartman OBL OBL OBL OBL Dwarf Bladderwort 

Utricularia olivacea C. Wright ex Griseb. OBL OBL Piedmont Bladderwort 

Utricularia purpurea Walt. OBL OBL OBL OBL Eastern Purple Bladderwort 

Utricularia pusilla Vahl OBL Tiny Bladderwort 

Utricularia radiata Small OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Little Floating Bladderwort 

Utricularia resupinata B.D. Greene ex Bigelow OBL OBL OBL OBL Lavender Bladderwort 

Utricularia simulans Pilger OBL Fringed Bladderwort 

Utricularia striata Le Conte ex Torr. OBL OBL OBL Striped Bladderwort 

Utricularia stygia Thor OBL Arctic Bladderwort 

Utricularia subulata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Zigzag Bladderwort 

Uvularia floridana Chapman FACW Florida Bellwort 

Uvularia perfoliata L. FACU FACU FACU FACU Perfoliate Bellwort 

Uvularia puberula Michx. FAC FACU FACU Mountain Bellwort 

Uvularia sessilifolia L. FAC FAC FACU FACU FACU Sessile-Leaf Bellwort 

Vaccaria hispanica (P. Mill.) Rauschert FAC FAC FACU FAC UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Cowcockle 

Vaccinium alaskaense T.J. Howell FAC FAC FAC Alaska Blueberry 

Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Late Lowbush Blueberry 

Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. FACU FACU FACU FACU Tree Sparkle-Berry 

Vaccinium caesariense Mackenzie OBL OBL OBL New Jersey Blueberry 

Vaccinium caespitosum Michx. FACW FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Dwarf Blueberry 

Vaccinium calycinum Sm. FAC Ohelo Kau La'au 

Vaccinium corymbosum L. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Highbush Blueberry



Vaccinium crassifolium Andr. FAC FAC Creeping Blueberry 

Vaccinium darrowii Camp FACU Darrow's Blueberry 

Vaccinium dentatum Sm. FACU Ohelo 

Vaccinium elliottii Chapman FACW FACW FACW Elliott's Blueberry 

Vaccinium erythrocarpum Michx. FAC Southern Mountain-Cranberry 

Vaccinium formosum Andr. FAC OBL Southern Blueberry 

Vaccinium fuscatum Ait. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW Black Blueberry 

Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Large Cranberry 

Vaccinium membranaceum Dougl. ex Torr. FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Square-Twig Blueberry 

Vaccinium myrsinites Lam. FACU FACU Shiny Blueberry 

Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx. FAC FACU FACW FACW FACW FACW FACU Velvet-Leaf Blueberry 

Vaccinium myrtillus L. FACU UPL UPL Whortle-Berry 

Vaccinium ovalifolium Sm. FAC UPL FACU UPL Oval-Leaf Blueberry 

Vaccinium ovatum Pursh UPL FACU Evergreen Blueberry 

Vaccinium oxycoccos L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Small Cranberry 

Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. FACU FAC FACU Red Blueberry 

Vaccinium reticulatum Sm. FAC Ohelo 'Ai 

Vaccinium scoparium Leib. ex Coville FACU FACU FACU Grouseberry 

Vaccinium simulatum Small FACU FACU Upland Highbush Blueberry 

Vaccinium stamineum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Deerberry 

Vaccinium tenellum Ait. FACU UPL Small Black Blueberry 

Vaccinium uliginosum L. FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW Alpine Blueberry 

Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. FAC FAC FAC FAC Northern Mountain-Cranberry 

Vaccinium X marianum S. Wats. (pro sp.) OBL FAC 

Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU Mealy False Acacia 

Vachellia macracantha 

(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Seigler 

& Ebinger 

UPL FAC Porknut 

Vahlodea atropurpurea (Wahlenb.) Fries ex Hartman FACW FACW FACW FACW Arctic-Hair Grass 

Valeriana acutiloba Rydb. FACU FAC FACU Cordilleran Valerian 

Valeriana capitata Pallas ex Link FAC Clustered Valerian 

Valeriana dioica L. FACW FACW FACW FACW Marsh Valerian 

Valeriana edulis Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray FAC FAC FACW FACW FAC Tobacco-Root 

Valeriana occidentalis Heller FAC FAC FAC Small-Flower Valerian 

Valeriana pauciflora Michx. FAC FACW FACW FACW Large-Flower Valerian 

Valeriana scandens L. FAC FAC Florida Valerian 

Valeriana scouleri Rydb. FACW FAC FAC Scouler's Valerian



Valeriana sitchensis Bong. FAC FAC FAC Sitka Valerian 

Valeriana texana Steyermark OBL OBL OBL Guadalupe Valerian 

Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. & Gray) Rydb. OBL Mountain Valerian 

Valerianella amarella (Lindheimer ex Engelm.) Krok FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Hairy Cornsalad 

Valerianella florifera Shinners FAC FAC Texas Cornsalad 

Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. FAC FAC FACW FAC FAC Beaked Cornsalad 

Valerianella stenocarpa (Engelm. ex Gray) Krok FACW FACW Narrow-Cell Cornsalad 

Valerianella texana Dyal FAC Edwards Plateau Cornsalad 

Valerianella umbilicata (Sullivant) Wood FAC FAC FACW FACW Navel Cornsalad 

Vallisneria americana Michx. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American Eel-Grass 

Vandenboschia boschiana (Sturm) Ebihara & K. Iwats. OBL FACW FACW Appalachian Fern 

Vandenboschia cyrtotheca (Hbd.) Copeland FACW Elegant Kauai Fern 

Vandenboschia davallioides (Gaud.) Copeland FACW Kilau 

Vandenboschia draytonianum (Brack.) Copeland FACW Hawaii Kauai Fern 

Vandenboschia tubiflora F.S. Wagner FACW Kauai Fern 

Vanilla barbellata Reichenb. f. FACW UPL Wormvine Orchid 

Veratrum californicum Dur. FACW OBL FAC California False Hellebore 

Veratrum fimbriatum Gray FACW OBL Fringed False Hellebore 

Veratrum latifolium (Desr.) Zomlefer FACU FACU FACU Slender Bunchflower 

Veratrum virginicum (L.) Ait. f. OBL FACW FACW FACW FACW Virginia Bunchflower 

Veratrum viride Ait. FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FAC American False Hellebore 

Verbascum blattaria L. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU FACU UPL White Moth Mullein 

Verbascum thapsus L. FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Great Mullein 

Verbena bonariensis L. FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW UPL FACU FACU FACW Purple-Top Vervain 

Verbena bracteata Cav. ex Lag. & Rodr. FACU FAC UPL FACU FACU FACU FAC Carpet Vervain 

Verbena californica Moldenke FACW FACW Red Hills Vervain 

Verbena hastata L. FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FAC Simpler's-Joy 

Verbena lasiostachys Link FAC FAC FAC Western Vervain 

Verbena litoralis Kunth FACU Seashore Vervain 

Verbena macdougalii Heller FACU FAC UPL New Mexico Vervain 

Verbena officinalis L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Herb-of-the-Cross 

Verbena runyonii Moldenke FACW FACW Rio Grande Vervain 

Verbena scabra Vahl FACW OBL FAC FACW OBL OBL Sandpaper Vervain 

Verbena urticifolia L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU White Vervain 

Verbena X engelmannii Moldenke FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC 

Verbena X rydbergii Moldenke FACW FACW FACW FACW



Verbesina alata L. FAC Capitaneja 

Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Britt. ex Kearney FAC FAC FAC FACW FACW Wingstem 

Verbesina chapmanii J.R. Coleman FACW Chapman's Crownbeard 

Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Gray FAC FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Golden Crownbeard 

Verbesina heterophylla (Chapman) Gray FACW Diverse-Leaf Crownbeard 

Verbesina occidentalis (L.) Walt. FACU FACU FACU Yellow Crownbeard 

Verbesina virginica L. FACU UPL FACU FACU White Crownbeard 

Verbesina walteri Shinners FAC FAC Carolina Crownbeard 

Vernicia montana Lour. FACU Candlenut Tree 

Vernonia angustifolia Michx. FACU FACU Tall Ironweed 

Vernonia arkansana DC. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Arkansas Ironweed 

Vernonia baldwinii Torr. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL FACW Western Ironweed 

Vernonia blodgettii Small FACW Florida Ironweed 

Vernonia fasciculata Michx. FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW FACW Prairie Ironweed 

Vernonia gigantea (Walt.) Trel. ex Branner & Coville FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Giant Ironweed 

Vernonia lettermannii Engelm. ex Gray FACW FACW OBL Narrow-Leaf Ironweed 

Vernonia marginata (Torr.) Raf. FACU FAC FACU Plains Ironweed 

Vernonia missurica Raf. FAC FACW FACU FACW FAC FAC FACW Missouri Ironweed 

Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Michx. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC New York Ironweed 

Vernonia texana (Gray) Small FACU FACU FACU FACU Texas Ironweed 

Veronica americana Schwein. ex Benth. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL American-Brooklime 

Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Blue Water Speedwell 

Veronica arvensis L. UPL FACU FACU UPL FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Corn Speedwell 

Veronica beccabunga L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL European Speedwell 

Veronica chamaedrys L. UPL UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL UPL Germander Speedwell 

Veronica cusickii Gray FAC FAC Cusick's Speedwell 

Veronica cymbalaria Bodard FAC Glandular Speedwell 

Veronica officinalis L. FACU FAC UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU UPL Common Gypsyweed 

Veronica peregrina L. FAC FACW OBL FAC FAC FACW UPL FACW FAC OBL Neckweed 

Veronica plebia R. Br. FACW Island Speedwell 

Veronica prostrata L. FAC Prostrate Speedwell 

Veronica scutellata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Grass-Leaf Speedwell 

Veronica serpyllifolia L. FAC OBL FAC FAC OBL FAC FACW FAC FAC Thyme-Leaf Speedwell 

Veronica wormskjoldii Roemer & J.A. Schultes FAC FACW FAC FAC FACW American Alpine Speedwell 

Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. FACW FACU FAC FAC FAC Culver's-Root 

Viburnum acerifolium L. FACU UPL UPL UPL UPL Maple-Leaf Arrow-Wood



Viburnum dentatum L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Southern Arrow-Wood 

Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. FACU FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Squashberry 

Viburnum lantanoides Michx. FAC FACU FACU Hobblebush 

Viburnum lentago L. FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FACU Nanny-Berry 

Viburnum nudum L. FACW OBL FACW FACW FACW Possumhaw 

Viburnum obovatum Walt. FACW FACW Small-Leaf Arrow-Wood 

Viburnum opulus L. FACW FACW FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Highbush-Cranberry 

Viburnum prunifolium L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Smooth Blackhaw 

Viburnum recognitum Fern. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Smooth Arrow-Wood 

Viburnum rufidulum Raf. UPL FACU UPL FACU FACU Rusty Blackhaw 

Vicia acutifolia Ell. FACW Four-Leaf Vetch 

Vicia americana Muhl. ex Willd. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC American Purple Vetch 

Vicia caroliniana Walt. FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL Carolina Vetch 

Vicia floridana S. Wats. FACW Florida Vetch 

Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. FACU UPL FACU UPL UPL UPL Louisiana Vetch 

Vicia minutiflora F.G. Dietr. FAC FAC UPL UPL Pygmy-Flower Vetch 

Vicia nigricans Hook. & Arn. UPL FACU FACU Black Vetch 

Vicia ocalensis Godfrey & Kral OBL Ocala Vetch 

Vicia sativa L. FACU UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU UPL Garden Vetch 

Vigna adenantha 

(G.F.W. Mey.) Marechal, 

Mascherpa & Stanier 

FACU FACU FAC Wild Pea 

Vigna longifolia (Benth.) Verdc. OBL Long-Leaf Cow-Pea 

Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. FACW FAC FACW FACW FAC Wild Cow-Pea 

Vigna marina (Burm. f.) Merr. UPL FAC Notched Cow-Pea 

Viola adunca Sm. FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FAC Hook-Spur Violet 

Viola affinis Le Conte FACW FACW FACW FACW Sand Violet 

Viola bicolor Pursh FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Field Pansy 

Viola biflora L. FACW FAC FACW Arctic Yellow Violet 

Viola blanda Willd. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Sweet White Violet 

Viola brittoniana Pollard FAC FAC FAC Northern Coastal Violet 

Viola canadensis L. FAC FAC FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Canadian White Violet 

Viola chamissoniana Gingins FACU Olopu 

Viola cucullata Ait. OBL FACW OBL OBL Marsh Blue Violet 

Viola glabella Nutt. FACW FAC FACW Pioneer Violet 

Viola hallii Gray FAC FAC Oregon Violet 

Viola hastata Michx. FACU UPL UPL UPL Halberd-Leaf Yellow Violet



Viola helenae Forbes & Lydgate FACW Wahiawa Stream Violet 

Viola hirsutula Brainerd FACU FACU FACU FACU Southern Woodland Violet 

Viola kauaensis Gray OBL Pohe Hiwa 

Viola labradorica Schrank FAC FAC FAC FACW FAC Alpine Violet 

Viola lanceolata L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog White Violet 

Viola langloisii Greene FACW FACW Langlois' Violet 

Viola langsdorfii Fisch. ex Gingins FACW FACW FACW Aleutian Violet 

Viola macloskeyi Lloyd FACW OBL FACW FACW OBL OBL OBL Smooth White Violet 

Viola maviensis Mann FACW Hawaii Bog Violet 

Viola missouriensis Greene FAC FACW FACU FACW FACW FAC FACW Missouri Violet 

Viola nephrophylla Greene FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Northern Bog Violet 

Viola novae-angliae House FAC OBL OBL New England Blue Violet 

Viola oahuensis Forbes FAC Oahu Violet 

Viola palmata L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Three-Lobe Violet 

Viola palustris L. FACW FACW FACW FACW OBL Alpine-Marsh Violet 

Viola pedata L. FACU FACU UPL UPL UPL Bird-Foot Violet 

Viola pedatifida G. Don FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU UPL Crow-Foot Violet 

Viola primulifolia L. FACW FAC FAC FACW FACW Primroseleaf Violet 

Viola pubescens Ait. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Downy Yellow Violet 

Viola renifolia Gray FAC FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Kidney-Leaf White Violet 

Viola rostrata Pursh FACU FACU FACU FACU Long-Spur Violet 

Viola rotundifolia Michx. FAC FAC FAC FAC Round-Leaf Yellow Violet 

Viola sagittata Ait. FACW FAC FAC FAC FAC Arrow-Leaf Violet 

Viola septemloba Le Conte FAC FACW FACW Southern Coastal Violet 

Viola septentrionalis Greene FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Northern Woodland Violet 

Viola sororia Willd. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Hooded Blue Violet 

Viola striata Ait. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW Striped Cream Violet 

Viola subsinuata Greene FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Early Blue Violet 

Viola villosa Walt. FACU FACU FACU FACU Carolina Violet 

Viola wailenalenae (Rock) Skottsberg FACW Alakai Swamp Violet 

Viola walteri House FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU Prostrate Blue Violet 

Viola X bernardii Greene (Greene) FACU FACU UPL FACU FACU 

Viola X dissita House FAC FAC 

Viola X melissifolia Greene FAC 

Viola X napae House FAC FAC FAC FAC 

Viola X porteriana Pollard (pro sp.) FACW FACW FACW FACW



Viola X viarum Pollard FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU 

Vitex divaricata Sw. FACU Higuerillo 

Vitex negundo L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU* UPL Five-Leaf Chastetree 

Vitex parviflora Juss. UPL UPL Small-Flower Chastetree 

Vitex trifolia L. UPL UPL UPL Three-Leaf Chastetree 

Vitis aestivalis Michx. FACU FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU Summer Grape 

Vitis arizonica Engelm. FACU FACU FACU Canyon Grape 

Vitis californica Benth. FACU FACU California Grape 

Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Engelm. ex Millard FAC FACW FAC FACW FACW Gray-Bark Grape 

Vitis girdiana Munson FAC FAC Valley Grape 

Vitis labrusca L. FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Fox Grape 

Vitis palmata Vahl FACW FACW FACW OBL OBL Catbird Grape 

Vitis riparia Michx. FACW FAC FACW FAC FACW FAC FACU River-Bank Grape 

Vitis rotundifolia Michx. FAC FAC FAC Muscadine 

Vitis rupestris Scheele UPL FACU FACU FACU FACU FAC Rock Grape 

Vitis shuttleworthii House FAC Calloose Grape 

Vitis vulpina L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Frost Grape 

Vitis X labruscana Bailey FACU FACU FACU 

Vitis X novae-angliae Fern. (pro sp.) FACW FAC 

Voyria aphylla (Jacq.) Pers. FAC Leafless Ghostplant 

Voyria tenella Hook. FAC Puerto Rico Ghostplant 

Vulpia bromoides (L.) S.F. Gray UPL FAC UPL FACW FAC FACU UPL UPL FACU Brome Six-Weeks Grass 

Vulpia myuros (L.) K.C. Gmel. FACU UPL FACU UPL FAC FACU FACU FACU FACU Rat-Tail Six-Weeks Grass 

Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU FACU UPL Eight-Flower Six-Weeks Grass 

Wallenia lamarckiana (A. DC.) Mez FAC Jacanillo 

Wallenia yunquensis (Urban) Mez FAC El Yunque Jacanillo 

Waltheria indica L. UPL UPL UPL UPL FACU Basora-Prieta 

Washingtonia filifera (L. Linden) H. Wendl. FACW UPL FACU FACW California Fan Palm 

Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl. FACW Washington Fan Palm 

Wedelia fruticosa Jacq. UPL FAC Coastal-Plain Creeping-Oxeye 

Weinmannia pinnata L. OBL Bastard-Briziletto 

Wikstroemia bicornuta Hbd. FAC Alpine False Ohelo 

Wikstroemia forbesii Skottsberg FACU Molokai False Ohelo 

Wikstroemia oahuensis (Gray) Rock FAC Oahu False Ohelo 

Wikstroemia villosa Hbd. FACU Hairy False Ohelo 

Wilhelmsia physodes (Fisch. ex Ser.) McNeill FAC Arctic-Flower



Wislizenia refracta Engelm. FACU FACW FACU Spectacle-Fruit 

Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir. FACW FACW FACW FACW FACW American Wisteria 

Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex C.F.H. Wimmer OBL Spotless Watermeal 

Wolffia borealis 

(Engelm. ex Hegelm.) Landolt ex 

Landolt & Wildi 

OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Watermeal 

Wolffia brasiliensis Weddell OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Brazilian Watermeal 

Wolffia columbiana Karst. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Columbian Watermeal 

Wolffia globosa (Roxb.) den Hartog & Plas OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Asian Watermeal 

Wolffiella gladiata (Hegelm.) Hegelm. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Sword Bogmat 

Wolffiella lingulata (Hegelm.) Hegelm. OBL OBL OBL OBL Tongue-Shape Bogmat 

Wolffiella oblonga (Phil.) Hegelm. OBL OBL OBL OBL Saber Bogmat 

Wolffiella welwitschii (Hegelm.) Monod OBL Pond Bogmat 

Woodwardia areolata (L.) T. Moore OBL FACW OBL OBL OBL Netted Chain Fern 

Woodwardia fimbriata Sm. FACW FACW Giant Chain Fern 

Woodwardia radicans (L.) J. Sm. OBL OBL Rooting Chain Fern 

Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Virginia Chain Fern 

Wullschlaegelia aphylla (Sw.) Reichenb. f. OBL Leafless Orchid 

Wyethia amplexicaulis (Nutt.) Nutt. FAC FACU Northern Mule's-Ears 

Wyethia angustifolia (DC.) Nutt. FACU FACU California-Compassplant 

Wyethia helianthoides Nutt. FACW FACW White-Ray Mule's-Ears 

X Elyhordeum macounii (Vasey) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey UPL FACU FACU FAC FAC FACU FACU 

X Lindsaeosoria flynnii W.H. Wagner FACU 

Xanthisma spinulosum (Pursh) D. Morgan & R.L. Hartman FACU UPL UPL FACU FACU Lacy Sleepy Daisy 

Xanthium spinosum L. FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU FACU Spiny Cockleburr 

Xanthium strumarium L. FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FAC FAC FAC Rough Cockleburr 

Xanthocephalum 

gymnospermoides 

(Gray) Benth. & Hook. f. FAC San Pedro Matchweed 

Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marsh. FACW FACW FACW FACW Shrub Yellowroot 

Xanthosoma roseum Schott FAC Rosy Malanga 

Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott FACW FACW FACU Arrow-Leaf Elephant's-Ear 

Xerophyllum tenax (Pursh) Nutt. FACU Western Turkeybeard 

Ximenia americana L. FACU UPL Tallow-Wood 

Xiphidium caeruleum Aubl. FACW Cola-de-Paloma 

Xylosma crenata (St. John) St. John FAC Saw-Tooth Logwood 

Xylosma schwaneckeana (Krug & Urban) Urban FAC Redstick 

Xyris ambigua Bey. ex Kunth OBL OBL OBL Coastal-Plain Yellow-Eyed-Grass



Xyris baldwiniana J.A. Schultes OBL OBL OBL Baldwin's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris brevifolia Michx. OBL OBL Short-Leaf Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris caroliniana Walt. FACW FACW Carolina Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris chapmanii Bridges & Orzell OBL Chapman's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris complanata R. Br. FACW Hawaii Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris difformis Chapman OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Bog Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris drummondii Malme OBL Drummond's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris elliottii Chapman OBL FACW OBL Elliott's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris fimbriata Ell. OBL OBL Fringed Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris flabelliformis Chapman OBL OBL Savannah Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris floridana (Kral) Bridges & Orzell OBL Florida Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris isoetifolia Kral OBL Quillwort Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris jupicai L.C. Rich. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Richard's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris laxifolia Mart. OBL OBL OBL Lax-Leaf Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris longisepala Kral OBL Kral's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris louisianica Bridges & Orzell OBL Louisiana Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris montana Ries OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris platylepis Chapman OBL OBL FACW Tall Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris scabrifolia Harper OBL OBL OBL Harper's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris serotina Chapman OBL Acid-Swamp Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris smalliana Nash OBL OBL OBL Small's Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris stricta Chapman OBL Pineland Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris tennesseensis Kral OBL OBL Tennessee Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Xyris torta Sm. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Slender Yellow-Eyed-Grass 

Yabea microcarpa (Hook. & Arn.) K.-Pol. FACU FACU False Hedge-Parsley 

Yeatesia viridiflora (Nees) Small FACW FACW FACW Yellow Bractspike 

Youngia japonica (L.) DC. FACU FACU FAC FACU FACU FACU Oriental False Hawk's-Beard 

Yucca aloifolia L. UPL UPL FACU UPL Aloe Yucca 

Yucca gloriosa L. FAC UPL UPL FAC Moundlily Yucca 

Zannichellia palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Horned-Pondweed 

Zantedeschia aethiopica (L.) Spreng. OBL OBL FAC OBL Calla-Lily 

Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill. FAC FACU UPL FACU FACU Toothachetree 

Zanthoxylum clava-herculis L. FAC FAC FACU Hercules'-Club 

Zanthoxylum fagara (L.) Sarg. FACU FAC Limestone Prickly-Ash 

Zanthoxylum oahuense Hbd. FACU Oahu Prickly-Ash 

Zeltnera beyrichii (Torr. & Gray ex Torr.) G.Mans. FACU FACU FACU FACU Quinineweed



Zeltnera calycosa (Buckl.) G.Mans. FACW FACW FACW FACW Buckley's Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera exaltata (Griseb.) G.Mans. FACW FACW FACW Desert Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera glandulifera (Correll) G.Mans. FACU FACU Sticky Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera muehlenbergii (Griseb.) G.Mans. FAC FACW Monterey Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera namophila 

(Reveal, Broome & Beatley) 

G.Mans. 

FACW 

Spring-Loving Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera nudicaulis (Engelm.) G.Mans. FACW FACW FACW Santa Catalina Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera quitensis (Kunth) G.Mans. FACU Britton's Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera trichantha (Griseb.) G.Mans. FAC FAC Alkali Mountain-Pink 

Zeltnera X nevadensis (Broome) G.Mans. FACW FACW 

Zenobia pulverulenta (Bartr. ex Willd.) Pollard OBL FACW Honeycup 

Zephyranthes atamasca (L.) Herbert FACW FACW Atamasco-Lily 

Zephyranthes pulchella J.G. Sm. FACW FACW Showy Zephyr-Lily 

Zephyranthes refugiensis F.B. Jones FACW FACW Refugio Zephyr-Lily 

Zephyranthes simpsonii Chapman FAC FAC Red-Margin Zephyr-Lily 

Zephyranthes treatiae S. Wats. FACW Pineland Zephyr-Lily 

Zeuxine fritzii Schlechter FACU* 

Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schlechter FAC FACU FAC UPL Soldier's Orchid 

Zigadenus glaberrimus Michx. FACW OBL Sandbog Deathcamas 

Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. UPL FACW FAC Shampoo Ginger 

Zizania aquatica L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Indian Wild Rice 

Zizania latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz. ex Stapf OBL Manchurian Wild Rice 

Zizania palustris L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Northern Wild Rice 

Zizania texana A.S. Hitchc. OBL Texas Wild Rice 

Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) Doell & Aschers. OBL OBL OBL OBL Marsh-Millet 

Zizia aptera (Gray) Fern. FAC FAC FAC FAC FACU FACU FAC Heart-Leaf Alexanders 

Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC FAC Golden Alexanders 

Zizia trifoliata (Michx.) Fern. FAC FACU Meadow Alexanders 

Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. FACU UPL UPL Indian Jujube 

Zostera marina L. OBL OBL OBL OBL OBL Seawrack 

Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. UPL FACU UPL UPL FACU Manila Temple Grass 

Zoysia pacifica (Gouds.) M. Hotta & S. Kuroki UPL UPL FAC Pacific Temple Grass

Appendix B. NWPL Ratings for Subregions in the Alaska Region. 

Lichvar: 2013 National Wetland Plant List 232


Species Authorship Subregion Rating Common Name 

Salix arctica Pallas Arctic Coastal Plain FAC Arctic Willow 

Betula papyrifera Marsh. Cook Inlet Lowlands FAC Paper Birch 

Andromeda polifolia L. Copper River Basin OBL Bog-Rosemary 

Carex canescens L. Copper River Basin FAC Hoary Sedge 

Rubus arcticus L. Copper River Basin FACU Northern Blackberry 

Viola palustris Ledeb. Interior FAC Dwarf Marsh Violet 

Rubus arcticus L. Interior Alaska Highlands FACU Northern Blackberry 

Viola palustris Ledeb. Interior Alaska Highlands FAC Dwarf Marsh Violet 

Andromeda polifolia L. Interior Alaska Lowlands OBL Bog-Rosemary 

Betula papyrifera Marsh. Interior Alaska Lowlands FAC Paper Birch 

Carex canescens L. Interior Alaska Lowlands FAC Hoary Sedge 

Rubus arcticus L. Interior Alaska Lowlands FACU Northern Blackberry 

Viola palustris Ledeb. Interior Alaska Lowlands FAC Dwarf Marsh Violet 

Andromeda polifolia L. Interior Alaska Mountains OBL Bog-Rosemary 

Carex canescens L. Interior Alaska Mountains FAC Hoary Sedge 

Rubus arcticus L. Interior Alaska Mountains FACU Northern Blackberry 

Viola palustris Ledeb. Interior Alaska Mountains FAC Dwarf Marsh Violet 

Andromeda polifolia L. Interior Brooks Range Mountains OBL Bog-Rosemary 

Carex canescens L. Interior Brooks Range Mountains FAC Hoary Sedge 

Rubus arcticus L. Interior Brooks Range Mountains FACU Northern Blackberry 

Viola palustris Ledeb. Interior Brooks Range Mountains FAC Dwarf Marsh Violet 

Arctous ruber (Rehd. & Wilson) Fern. Northern Brooks Range Mountains FACW Red Manzanita 

Arctous ruber (Rehd. & Wilson) Fern. Northern Seward Peninsula–Selawik Lowlands FACW Red Manzanita 

Salix arctica Pallas Northern Seward Peninsula–Selawik Lowlands FAC Arctic Willow 

Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja Pebble, Donlin, Aniak FAC Marsh Laborador-Tea 

Salix pulchra Cham. Pebble, Donlin, Aniak FAC Diamond-Leaf Willow 

Viola palustris Ledeb. Pebble, Donlin, Aniak FAC Dwarf Marsh Violet 

Arctous ruber (Rehd. & Wilson) Fern. Seward Peninsula Highlands FACW Red Manzanita 

Salix arctica Pallas Seward Peninsula Highlands FAC Arctic Willow 

Andromeda polifolia L. Upper Kobuk and Koyukuk Hills and Valleys OBL Bog-Rosemary 

Carex canescens L. Upper Kobuk and Koyukuk Hills and Valleys FAC Hoary Sedge 

Arctous ruber (Rehd. & Wilson) Fern. Western Brooks Range Mountains, Foothills and Valleys FACW Red Manzanita 

Salix arctica Pallas Western Brooks Range Mountains, Foothills and Valleys FAC Arctic Willow 

Salix pulchra Cham. Western Brooks Range Mountains, Foothills and Valleys FAC Diamond-Leaf Willow


Appendix C. NWPL Ratings for the Western Gulf Coast Subregion of the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain Region. 

Species Authorship Rating Common Name 

Aralia spinosa L. FACU Devil's-Walkingstick 

Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal FACU Common Pawpaw 

Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch FACU Bitter-Nut Hickory 

Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don FAC Shell-Bark Hickory 

Cornus florida L. UPL Flowering dogwood 

Diodia virginiana L. FAC Virginia Buttonweed 

Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) Ait. f. FACU Evening Trumpet-Flower 

Paspalum denticulatum Trin. FACW Pull-and-Be-Damned 

Quercus michauxii Nutt. FAC Swamp Chestnut Oak 

Rudbeckia maxima Nutt. FACW Great Coneflower 

Sambucus nigra L. FAC Black Elder 

Urochloa reptans (L.) Stapf FACU Sprawling Liverseed Grass 

Viburnum dentatum L. FACU Southern Arrow-Wood


Appendix D. NWPL Ratings for the South Pacific Islands Subregion of the Hawaii Region. The South Pacific Islands Subregion 

includes the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Territory of Guam, and the Territory of American Samoa.



Abildgaardia ovata (Burm. f.) Kral FAC Flat-Spike Sedge 

Abrus precatorius L. UPL Rosary-Pea 

Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet FACU Monkeybush 

Acalypha amentacea Roxb. FACU Match-Me-If-You-Can 

Acalypha poiretii Spreng. UPL Poiret's Copperleaf 

Achyranthes aspera L. FACU Devil's-Horsewhip 

Achyranthes bidentata Blume FACU Nui Xi 

Acrostichum aureum L. OBL Golden Leather Fern 

Agave americana L. FACU American Century-Plant 

Annona muricata L. FACU Soursop 

Areca catechu L. FAC 

Arundina graminifolia (D. Don) Hochr. UPL Bamboo Orchid 

Asplenium polyodon G. Forst. UPL Birdnest Fern 

Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. OBL Gray Mangrove 

Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz FACU Sea Putat 

Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. FACW Yu Rui 

Blechnum orientale L. FACU 

Boerhavia erecta L. FACU Erect Spiderling 

Boerhavia repens L. FACU Anena 

Bolbitis quoyana (Gaud.) Ching FAC 

Calanthe triplicata (Willem.) Ames FACU 

Calophyllum inophyllum L. FACU Alexandrian-Laurel 

Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & T. Thomson FACU Perfumetree 

Carex frankii Kunth Frank's Sedge 

Carex fuirenoides Gaud. FACW 

Carica papaya L. FACU Papaya 

Casuarina equisetifolia L. FAC Beach She-Oak 

Centrosema pubescens Benth. FACU Mexican Butterfly-Pea 

Ceratopteris gaudichaudii Brongn. FACW 

Cerbera dilatata Markgr. FAC 

Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & H.E. Robins. FACU Jack-in-the-Bush 

Cissus quadrangularis L. UPL Winged Treebine 

Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle (pro sp.) FACU 

Citrus hystrix DC. FACU 

Citrus macroptera Montrouz. FACU 

Citrus medica L. UPL Citron



Citrus reticulata Blanco FACU Tangerine 

Citrus X aurantium L. (pro sp.) FACU 

Citrus X limon (L.) Burm. f. (pro sp.) FACU 

Citrus X sinensis (L.) Osbeck (pro sp.) FACU 

Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. FAC Embrert 

Clitoria ternatea L. FACU Asian Pigeonwings 

Commelina benghalensis L. FAC Jio 

Corchorus aestuans L. FACU Jute 

Ctenitis dissecta (G. Forst.) Copeland FACU 

Ctenitis subglandulosa (Hance) Ching FACU 

Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth FACU False Heather 

Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.E. Robins. FACU Little-Ironweed 

Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Itô OBL Neke 

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. FAC Bermuda Grass 

Cynometra ramiflora L. FAC 

Cyperus involucratus Rottb. OBL Alternate-Leaf Flat Sedge 

Cyperus meyenianus Kunth Meyen's Flat Sedge 

Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott OBL 

Dalbergia candenatensis (Dennst.) Prain FAC 

Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth. FACU 

Derris trifoliata Lour. FAC 

Didymoplexis fimbriata Schlechter FAC 

Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott FAC Dumb-Cane 

Digitaria bicornis (Lam.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes FAC Asian Crab Grass 

Diospyros blancoi A. DC. FACU Velvet-Apple 

Diplazium woodwardioides (K. Presl) Morton FACU 

Eleocharis dulcis (Burm.) Trin. ex Hensch. OBL Chinese Water-Chestnut 

Eleocharis ochrostachys Steud. OBL 

Enhalus acoroides L.C. Rich. ex Steud. OBL 

Eulophia graminea Lindl. FACU Grass-Leaf Wild Coco 

Excoecaria agallocha L. FAC 

Fimbristylis cymosa R. Br. FAC Cymose Fimbry 

Fimbristylis littoralis Gaud. FACW Grass-Like Fimbry 

Fimbristylis umbellaris (L.) Vahl OBL 

Flagellaria indica L. FACU 

Flemingia strobilifera (L.) Ait. f. FAC Wild Hops



Freycinetia reineckei Warb. FAC 

Fuirena umbellata Rottb. OBL Yefen 

Gardenia taitensis DC. FACU Tahitian Gardenia 

Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schlechter FAC 

Gleichenia linearis (Burm. f.) C.B. Clarke FAC 

Halophila minor (Zoll. ) den Hartog OBL 

Heliotropium procumbens P. Mill. FAC Four-Spike Heliotrope 

Hernandia sonora L. UPL Mago 

Heterospathe elata Scheff. FAC 

Hydrilla verticillata (L. f.) Royle OBL Water-Thyme 

Ipomoea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. FAC Ocean-Blue Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea littoralis Blume FAC White-Flower Beach Morning-Glory 

Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. FACU Bay-Hops 

Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. FACU Cathedral-Bells 

Limnophila fragrans Seem. OBL 

Limnophila indica (L.) Druce OBL Indian Marshweed 

Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume OBL Asian Marshweed 

Lindsaea repens (Bory) Thwaites FACU Creeping Necklace Fern 

Liparis guamensis Ames FACU 

Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell FACW 

Lumnitzera littorea Voigt OBL 

Macaranga thompsonii Merr. FACU 

Malvaviscus arboreus Dill. ex Cav. FACU Wax-Mallow 

Maytenus thompsonii (Merr.) Fosberg FACU 

Melanolepis multiglandulosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Rchb. & Zoll. FAC 

Melastoma malabathricum L. FAC Malabar Melastome 

Melochia villosissima (K. Presl) Merr. FACU 

Merrilliodendron megacarpum (Hemsl.) Sleumer FAC 

Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. FAC Climbing Hempvine 

Nervilia aragoana Gaud. FACU 

Nervilia jacksoniae Rinehart & Fosberg FACU 

Nervilia platychila Schlechter FAC 

Nypa fruticans Wurmb OBL 

Ochrosia mariannensis A. DC. FACU 

Ochrosia oppositifolia (Lam.) K. Schum. FACU 

Oryza sativa L. OBL Cultivated Rice



Pandanus dubius Spreng. FACU 

Paspalum distichum L. FAC Jointed Crown Grass 

Paspalum paniculatum L. FAC Arrocillo 

Passiflora foetida L. FAC Scarlet-Fruit Passion-Flower 

Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K. Heyne FACU Yellow-Poinciana 

Pemphis acidula J.R. & G. Forst. FAC 

Peperomia mariannensis C. DC. FAC 

Persicaria maculosa S.F. Gray OBL Spotted Lady's-Thumb 

Phragmites karka (Retz.) Trin. ex Steud. OBL Tropical Reed 

Phyllanthus amarus Schumacher & Thonn. FACU Carry-Me-Seed 

Physalis angulata L. FAC Cut-Leaf Ground-Cherry 

Piper guahamense C. DC. FAC 

Pipturus argenteus (G. Forst.) Weddell FAC 

Potamogeton marianensis Cham. & Schlecht. OBL 

Pouteria obovata (R. Br.) Baehni FACU 

Psychotria honbroniana Hook. f. FACU 

Psychotria rotensis Kaneh. FACU 

Pteris tripartita Sw. FACU Giant Brake 

Pteris vittata L. FAC Ladder Brake 

Rhizophora apiculata Blume OBL 

Rhizophora mucronata Lam. OBL 

Rhus taitensis Guill. FAC Taition Sumac 

Rhynchospora corymbosa (L.) Britt. OBL Matamat 

Rhynchospora rubra Domin OBL 

Saccharum officinarum L. FACU Sugar-Cane 

Sagittaria kurziana Glück OBL Springtape 

Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. FAC Raintree 

Schizaea dichotoma (L.) Sm. FACU 

Schoenoplectus subulatus (Vahl) Lye OBL 

Scleria caricina Benth. FAC 

Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. FAC Florida Keys Nut-Rush 

Scleria novae-hollandiae Boeckl. FAC 

Scleria polycarpa Boeckl. FAC 

Scleria rugosa R. Br. FAC 

Senna alata (L.) Roxb. FAC Emperor's-Candlesticks 

Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. FAC



Solandra grandiflora Sw. FACU Showy Chalicevine 

Sophora tomentosa L. UPL Yellow Necklacepod 

Spathodea campanulata Beauv. FAC African-Tuliptree 

Spathoglottis carolinensis Schlechter FACU 

Spathoglottis micronesiaca Schlechter FACU 

Spermacoce ovalifolia (Mart. & Gal.) Hemsl. FAC Oval-Leaf False Buttonweed 

Stachytarpheta australis Moldenke FACU Branched Porterweed 

Stachytarpheta cayennensis (L.C. Rich.) Vahl FACU Cayenne Porterweed 

Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. FAC Brazilian Pencil-Flower 

Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. UPL West Indian Mahogany 

Tarenna sambucina (G. Forst.) Dur. FACU 

Tectaria crenata Cav. FACU 

Tectona grandis L. f. FACU Teak 

Terminalia catappa L. FACU Tropical-Almond 

Thelypteris gretheri (W.H. Wagner) Stone FACU 

Thelypteris maemonensis (W.H. Wagner & Grether) Stone FAC 

Thelypteris opulenta (Kaulfuss) Fosberg FACW Jeweled Maiden Fern 

Thelypteris subpubescens (Blume) K. Iwats. FACU 

Thelypteris unita (L.) Morton FACU 

Thelypteris warburgii (Kuhn & Christ) Stone FAC 

Thespesia populnea (L.) Soland. ex Correa FACU Portia-Tree 

Trichomanes brevipes (K. Presl) Baker FACU 

Trichomanes javanicum Blume FACU 

Tridax procumbens L. FACU Coatbuttons 

Triphasia trifolia (Burm. f.) P. Wilson FAC Limeberry 

Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) T.Q. Nguyen FAC Para Liverseed Grass 

Utricularia bifida L. FACW 

Utricularia caerulea L. FAC 

Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. FACU Mealy False Acacia 

Vigna adenantha (G.F.W. Mey.) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stanier FACU Wild Pea 

Vitex negundo L. FACU Five-Leaf Chastetree 

Vitex parviflora Juss. FACU Small-Flower Chastetree 

Vitex trifolia L. FACU Three-Leaf Chastetree 

Zeuxine fritzii Schlechter FACU


Appendix E. NWPL Ratings for the Northcentral Great Lakes Subregion of the Northcentral and Northeast Region. 


Populus tremuloides Michx. FAC Quaking Aspen 

Rubus idaeus L. FAC Common Red Raspberry

THE NATIONAL WETLAND PLANT LIST: 2013 ... - Phytoneuron

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