Lingua Franca Nova English Dictionary

Lingua Franca Nova 

English 

Dictionary 

16 October 2012 

http://lfn.wikia.com/ 

http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/lfn/ 

http://purl.org/net/lfn/disionario/ 

1

Lingua Franca Nova (LFN) is an auxiliary constructed language created by Dr C George Boeree of 

Shippensburg University, Pennsylvania. 

This is a printable copy of the master dictionary held online at http://purl.org/net/lfn/disionario/. 

A printable English–LFN dictionary can be downloaded from the same location. 

Abbreviations 

ABBR = abbreviation 

ADJ = adjective 

ADV = adverb 

BR = British English 

COMP = compound word (verb + noun) 

CONJ = conjunction 

DET = determiner 

INTERJ = interjection 

N = noun 

NUM = numeral 

PL = plural 

PREF = prefix 

PRENOM = prenominal (used before a noun) 

PREP = preposition 

PREVERB = preverbal (used before a verb) 

PRON = pronoun 

SUF = suffix 

US = American English 

V = verb 

VI = intransitive verb 

VT = transitive verb 

Indicators such as (o-i) and (e-u) mark words in which two vowels do not form a diphthong in normal pronunciation. 

2

A N A (letter, musical note) 

A 

a PREP at, in, on (point in space or time); to (movement); 

toward, towards, in the direction of (direction); to 

(recipient) 

a INTERJ ah, aha (surprise, sudden realization, etc) 

-a SUF N [added to a noun ending in -o: female relative 

(tio, tia); fruit or nut (pero, pera)] 

abaco N abacus (device, architecture) 

abade N abbot; abaderia N abbey; abadesa N abbess 

abaia VT N bark (dog); squawk, crow, caw (bird); abaia 

un comanda V bark a command; abaieta V N yap 

abandona VT abandon, strand, maroon, forsake, desert 

(someone); relinquish, give up on, leave behind forever; 

time out (software); N abandonment; N timeout 

(software); abandona la scola V drop out of school; 

abandona militar V desert; N desertion; 

abandonada ADJ abandoned, deserted; abandonor N 

deserter; drop-out 

Abcazia N Abkhazia; abcaz ADJ Abkhaz 

abea N bee, honey bee (insect: genus Apis); abeon N 

bumblebee (insect: genus Bombus); abeor N beekeeper; 

aberia N beehive, apiary 

abeto N fir (tree: genus Abies) 

abita VT live in, inhabit, reside in, dwell in; settle (a 

home); N habitation, residency, dwelling (act); 

abitable ADJ habitable, inhabitable, livable; abitablia N 

habitability, inhabitability, livability; abitada ADJ 

inhabited, lived-in; N habitat, residence, abode, dwelling 

(place), accommodation; abitada de studiantes N hall 

of residence, student residence, dormitory; abital ADJ 

residential; abitor N inhabitant, resident; abitor de 

cava N cave-dweller, caveman, cavewoman; abitores N 

population, inhabitants, residents; cuantia de 

abitores N population (number); dona un abita a V 

house; el abita en la campania she lives in the 

countryside; el abita un caseta she lives in a cottage; 

nonabitable ADJ uninhabitable, unlivable; 

nonabitada ADJ uninhabited; nonabital ADJ 

nonresidential; nonabitante ADJ nonresidential; 

nonabitor N nonresident 

abitua VI grow accustomed, get used; get addicted (a = 

to); VT accustom, habituate; addict; N habit, habituation, 

convention; abitua sosial N social habit, social 

convention; abituada ADJ accustomed, used; 

abitual ADJ habitual, habitually; abituante ADJ habitforming, 

addictive; mal abitua N bad habit, vice; 

nonabituada ADJ unaccustomed, unused 

abjad N abjad (script) 

ablativa ADJ N ablative (grammar) 

-able SUF ADJ -able, -ible [added to a verb: capable or 

worthy of being -ed (lejable)] 

aboli VT abolish, do away with, get rid of, scrap, axe; N 

abolition, abolishment; INTERJ down with, no more; 

abolisme N abolitionism; aboliste N abolitionist 

aborta VI VT abort, terminate, cancel; N abortion, 

termination; aborta natural V miscarry; N miscarriage; 

abortada ADJ abortive; ADV abortively; abortiste N 

abortionist; antiabortiste ADJ N antiabortionist 

abracadabra! INTERJ abracadabra! hocus-pocus! 

abrasa VT embrace, hug; clamp; N embrace, hug; abrasa 

ursin N bear hug; abrasable ADJ embraceable, 

huggable; abrasador N clamp; abrasador fisada N vise 

(US), vice (Br); abrasante ADJ hugging; close-fitting, 

tight-fitting, skintight 

abri VI open, open up (movement); VT open; undo, 

unfasten; turn on (tap, power); N opening (act, 

aperture); aperture, orifice; abri la via (de) V pioneer; 

abribote (comp) N can opener, tin opener; 

abribotela (comp) N bottle opener; abrida ADJ open, 

opened; abrinte vias ADJ pioneering, groundbreaking; 

abrioio (comp) N eye-opener, revelation; abrivia 

(abrivía) (comp) N pioneer; de fonte abrida ADJ opensource 

(software); reabri V reopen 

abricoca N apricot (fruit); abricoco N apricot (tree: 

species Prunus armeniaca) 

abugida N abugida (script) 

abunda VI abound; N abundance, plenty; abundante ADJ 

abounding, abundant, plentiful; suprabunda V be 

overabundant, overflow (metaphorically); N 

overabundance; suprabundante ADJ excessive, 

overabundant 

acad ADJ N Akkadian 

academia N academy; academial ADJ academic; 

academin ADJ academic, irrelevant in practice; 

academiste N academic 

acantisita N New Zealand wren (bird: family 

Acanthisittidae) 

acanto N acanthus (plant: genus Acanthus) 

acaro N mite (arachnid: superorder Acariformes, 

Parasitiformes) 

acasia N acacia (tree: genus Acacia) 

acaso ADJ random, arbitrary, erratic, accidental, 

incidental; ADV randomly, arbitrarily, by chance, by 

accident, accidentally, incidentally; N chance, accident 

(but not mishap); acasi VI VT randomize; N 

randomization; acasia N randomness, arbitrariness; 

acasisme N opportunism; acasiste ADJ opportunistic; 

ADV opportunistically; N opportunist; bon acaso N 

piece of good luck, serendipity; nonacaso ADJ 

nonrandom, deterministic 

acc ABBR (= ance conoseda como) a.k.a. (also known as) 

Acea N Achaea; acean ADJ N Achaean 

acel DET that, those (demonstrative); PRON that, that one; 

aceles PRON PL those, those ones 

acemenan ADJ N Achaemenid 

aclama VT acclaim, cheer, cheer for; N acclamation, cheer, 

cheering; aclamor N cheerleader 

acne N acne 

acompania VT accompany, escort; N accompaniment, 

companionship, company (of person), concomitance; 

acompaniable ADJ companionable; ADV 

companionably; acompaniante ADJ accompanying, 

concomitant; ADV concomitantly; acompanior N 

3

companion, partner, escort; acompaniste N 

accompanist; nonacompaniada ADJ unaccompanied 

aconito N aconite, monkshood, wolfsbane (plant: genus 

Aconitum) 

acorda VT agree, consent to, concur about, accord about, 

be in agreement about; N agreement, accordance, 

consent, deal, concord, entente, covenant; term (of 

contract); chord (music); acorda con se testa V nod 

one's head; acorda de coesiste N modus vivendi, 

agreement to coexist; acorda de nonrevela N 

nondisclosure agreement; acorda formal N formal 

agreement, contract; acorda unida N unanimity; 

acordable ADJ compatible (software, hardware); 

acordada ADJ agreed, consensual; ADV consensually; 

acordante ADJ agreeing; compatible; desacorda V 

disagree, conflict, clash (color); N disagreement, 

discord, discordance, discordancy, dissonance, conflict; 

desacordante ADJ disagreeing, discordant, dissonant; 

ADV discordantly, dissonantly; en acorda unida ADJ 

unanimous; ADV unanimously; formal acordada ADJ 

formally agreed, contractual; ADV contractually 

acordion N accordion (instrument) 

acre N acre (measure) 

acrilica ADJ N acrylic 

acronim ADJ acronymic, acronymous; N acronym 

acrupi VI crouch (be crouching, crouch down), squat; VT 

cause to crouch; acrupi se V crouch down, squat; 

acrupi temosa V cower, cringe, shrink 

actinio N actinium (element) 

acua N water; acua de banio N bathwater; acua de 

calce N whitewash; acua de cloaca N sewage, waste 

water; acua de rosa N rose water; acua dulse N fresh 

water; acua mineral N mineral water; acua salosa N 

salt water; acual ADJ aquatic; acueria N aquarium; 

acuin ADJ watery, runny, thin, nonviscous; acuor N 

water carrier, water bearer; acuosa ADJ watery, 

aqueous; waterlogged, sodden, soggy; la Acuor N 

Aquarius (constellation); pinti con acua de calce V 

whitewash; su acua ADJ underwater; ADV underwater 

acuaduto N aqueduct 

acuamarin ADJ aquamarine (color); N aquamarine (gem, 

color) 

acuarela N watercolor (US), watercolour (Br) (paint); 

pinti con acuarela V paint in watercolors (US), paint in 

watercolours (Br); pitur de acuarela N watercolor (US), 

watercolour (painting) (Br) 

acuavit N aquavit, akvavit (Scandinavian drink) 

acuifer N aquifer (geology) 

acusa VT accuse, charge, impeach, indict; N accusation, 

legal charge, impeachment; acusada ADJ N accused; 

acusante ADJ accusing, accusatory; acusor N accuser; 

malacusa V libel, slander, defame, calumniate; N libel, 

slander, defamation, calumny, calumniation; 

malacusante ADJ libelous (US), libellous (Br), 

slanderous, calumnious; ADV slanderously; 

malacusor N libeler (US), libeller (Br), slanderer, 

calumniator 

acusativa ADJ N accusative (grammar) 

acustica N acoustics; acustical ADJ acoustic; 

4 

acusticiste N acoustician 

acuta ADJ acute (medical; but not accent, sharp) 

Adam N Adam 

adenoide N adenoid, pharyngeal tonsil; adenoidal ADJ 

adenoidal 

adere VI stick, adhere, cling; VT stick; N stickiness, 

adhesion, adhesiveness, adherence; aderente ADJ 

adhesive, sticky; N sticker, sticky label; aderor N 

adherent; aderosa ADJ clingy; autoaderente ADJ selfadhesive, 

self-sticking; nonaderente ADJ nonadhesive, 

nonstick 

adio INTERJ goodbye, farewell (when parting for a long 

time) 

adirije VT address (parcel); N address (including 

software); adirije de ueb N web address, URL 

adn ABBR (= asida desosiribonucleal) DNA 

adobe N adobe (clay) 

adolese VI be a teenager, pass through adolescence; N 

adolescence; adolesente ADJ teenage, teen; N teenager, 

adolescent 

adomen N abdomen; adomenal ADJ abdominal 

-ador SUF N -er [added to any root: machine or tool that 

performs the action of a verb (computador), produces or 

uses a noun (faxador), or applies the quality of an 

adjective (silentador)] 

adora VT adore, worship, revere; N adoration, worship, 

reverence, worshipfulness; adorable ADJ adorable; ADV 

adorably; adorablia N adorability; adorante ADJ 

adoring, worshipful, reverent; ADV adoringly, 

worshipfully, reverently; adoror N adorer, worshiper 

(US), worshipper (Br), devotee 

adormi VI fall asleep, go to sleep; VT send to sleep, put to 

sleep 

adota VT adopt, adoption; adotada ADJ adopted; N 

adoptee; adotante ADJ adopting; adotor N adopter; par 

adota ADJ adoptive; ADV by adoption; tempora 

adotada ADJ foster 

adron N hadron 

aduador N adductor (muscle) 

adula VT flatter, fawn over, grovel to, toady to, suck up to, 

adulate, coax, wheedle; N flattery, fawning, adulation, 

sycophancy; adulante ADJ flattering, fawning, 

adulatory, sycophantic, obsequious, deferential, 

fawning, ingratiating, unctuous, groveling (US), 

grovelling (Br), toadyish; adulor N flatterer, adulator, 

sycophant, obsequious 

adulte ADJ adult, grown-up; N adult, grown-up; adulti VI 

become adult, grow up, mature; VT make adult, cause to 

grow up, mature; adultia N adulthood 

adultera VT adulterate; commit adultery, fornicate, adulter 

(adulterate a marriage); N adultery, affair, fornication; 

adulteror N adulterer, fornicator 

aec ABBR (= ante la eda comun) BCE (before the 

common era), BC (before Christ) 

afasia N aphasia; afasica ADJ N aphasic 

afelio N aphelion 

afeta VT affect (have an effect on)

Afganistan N Afghanistan; afgani ADJ N Afghanistani, 

Afghani, Afghan 

afido N aphid (superfamily Aphidoidea) 

afin CONJ so that, in order that (indicating intended result) 

afirma VT affirm, state formally; N affirmation; 

afirmante ADJ affirming, affirmative; ADV 

affirmatively; reafirma V reaffirm 

afisa VT affix, attach; N affix (item added); attachment 

(including email); affixing, affixation (act) 

afoca VI drown, be drowning; VT (cause to) drown 

afonda VI sink, be sinking; VT (cause to) sink, scuttle 

Africa N Africa; Africa norde N Northern Africa; Africa 

sude N Southern Africa; Africa susaharan N 

Subsaharan Africa; african ADJ N African 

africans ADJ Afrikaans (language); ADJ N Afrikaner 

africante ADJ N affricate (consonant) 

afro ADJ N afro (hairstyle) 

afrodisica ADJ aphrodisiac, aphrodisiacal; N aphrodisiac 

agata N agate (mineral) 

agave N agave (plant: genus Agave) 

agila N eagle (bird: family Accipitridae); agila de mar N 

osprey, seahawk, fish eagle (bird: species Pandion 

haliaetus); agileta N eaglet; agilin ADJ aquiline; la 

Agila N Aquila (constellation) 

agnostica ADJ N agnostic; agnosticisme N agnosticism 

ago N needle; ageta N splinter, sliver, chip; ageti VI 

splinter, sliver, chip 

agopuntur N acupuncture 

agorafobia N agoraphobia; agorafobica ADJ agoraphobic; 

N agoraphobe 

agosto N August (month) 

agrega VI VT aggregate, combine, conglomerate; N 

aggregation, combination (action); aggregate, 

combination, conglomerate (result) 

agu ADJ sharp, pointed, pointy; (mind, sense) acute, keen; 

ADV sharply, acutely, keenly; agi VI become sharp; VT 

sharpen, hone; agia N sharpness, acuteness, acuity, 

keenness; desagi V blunt, dull; nonagia N bluntness, 

dullness; nonagu ADJ blunt, dull; ADV bluntly, dully 

aguti N agouti (mammal: genus Dasyprocta) 

ahimsa N ahimsa 

ai INTERJ oh dear, oh well, sigh, alas 

aiai N aye-aye (primate: species Daubentonia 

madagascariensis) 

aicido N aikido 

aida VT help, assist, aid, help out; serve (customer); N 

help, assistance, aid, succor (US), succour (Br); aida 

medical N medical assistance, health care; aida 

sosial N welfare; aidador N assistant, wizard 

(software); aidador personal N personal digital 

assistant, PDA, handheld computer; 

aidamemoria (comp) N reminder, memory aid, aidemémoire; 

aidante ADJ auxiliary; complicit; aidaoia N 

hearing aid; aidor N helper, assistant, aide, acolyte, 

accomplice; aidosa ADJ helpful; ADV helpfully; 

aidosia N helpfulness; autoaida N self-help 

aides N AIDS (disease) 

ailanto N ailanthus (tree: genus Ailanthus) 

aira N air; weather (informal); aria (music); airador N 

snorkel, breathing mask, aerator; airal ADJ aerial, in the 

air, of the air; airi VT air (a room), aerate; N aeration; 

airosa ADJ airy; sin aira ADJ airless; out of breath, 

breathless (from exertion) 

airaporto N airport 

airobio N aerobe; airobial ADJ aerobic; eserse airobial N 

aerobic exercise, aerobics; nonairobial ADJ anaerobic 

airolojia N aerology; airolojial ADJ aerological 

aironautica N aeronautics; aironautical ADJ aeronautical 

airosol N aerosol 

Aiti N Haiti; aitian ADJ N Haitian 

ajena VI kneel (be kneeling, kneel down), genuflect; VT 

(cause to) kneel; ajena se V kneel down 

ajenda N agenda, day planner, appointment book, diary 

ajente N agent, broker; ajente de cambia N stockbroker; 

ajente de imobila N real estate agent; ajente media N 

middleman; ajenteria N agency; ajenteria de aida N 

relief agency 

ajetivo N adjective; ajetival ADJ adjectival 

ajil ADJ agile, nimble, sprightly, lithe; ADV agilely, nimbly; 

ajilia N agility, nimbleness 

ajiografia N hagiography; ajiografiste N hagiographer 

ajita VT agitate, excite, upset, fluster, worry (person), 

trouble (person); ajitada ADJ agitated, excited, upset, 

restless 

ajunta VT add, append, annex; impart; N addition; 

ajuntable ADJ addable; N accessory; add-on, add-in, 

plug-in, extension module (software); ajuntada ADJ 

additional, in addition; N annex (US), annexe (Br), 

extension, appendix; en ajunta ADV in addition, 

besides, moreover; en ajunta a PREP in addition to, 

besides 

ajusta VI adjust, adapt; VT adjust, adapt, fit, tune, 

configure; tune up (music); N adaptation, adaption, 

adjustment; tune-up (music); setting, configuration 

(action, result); ajustable ADJ adaptable, adjustable, 

tunable, configurable, flexible; ADV adaptably, 

adjustably; ajustablia N adaptability, adjustability; 

ajustada ADJ adapted, adjusted, fitted, tuned, 

configured; ajustador N adjuster, adapter, tuner 

(device); ajustal ADJ adaptive; ajusteta V fine-tune; 

ajustisme N adaptationism; ajustiste N adaptationist; 

ajustor N adapter, adjuster, fitter, tuner (person); bon 

ajustada ADJ well-adjusted; in tune (music); 

desajusta V detune (music); mal ajusta N 

maladaptation, maladjustment; mal ajustada ADJ badly 

adjusted, maladapted, maladaptive, maladjusted, 

misconfigured; out of tune (music); N misfit; 

nonajustable ADJ nonadjustable, unadaptable, 

untunable, unconfigurable, inflexible; nonajustada ADJ 

unadapted, unadjusted, untuned; preajusta V preadjust, 

preset, pretune; preajustada ADJ preadjusted, preset, 

pretuned 

-al SUF ADJ [added to a noun: pertaining to (siensal)] 

ala ADV there; to there, thither; a ala ADV to there, thither; 

5

de ala ADV from there, thence 

ala N wing (bird, building, theatre); fly, flap (of material); 

aleta N winglet, flipper; aleta de coda N fluke (of 

whale); alor N winger (sports); wingman (aviation); 

con alas ADJ winged 

alarma VT alarm; N alarm, siren 

Albania N Albania (also Xciperia); albanian ADJ N 

Albanian 

albatros N albatross (bird: family Diomedeidae) 

albedo N albedo (astronomy) 

albino ADJ N albino 

album N album (photo, music) 

albumen N albumen, egg white 

alcalifil ADJ alkaliphilic; N alkaliphile; alcalifilia N 

alkaliphilia 

alcalin ADJ alkaline; N alkali; alcalini VI VT alkalize; N 

alkalization; alcalinia N alkalinity 

alcaloide N alkaloid 

alcalose N alkalosis 

alcan N alkane, paraffin 

alce N moose (mammal: species Alces alces) 

alcen N alkene 

alcimia N alchemy; alcimiste N alchemist 

alco N auk (bird: species Pinguinus impennis); razorbill 

(bird: species Alca torda); little auk, dovekie (bird: 

species Alle alle); alceta N auklet (bird: genus Aethia, 

genus Ptychoramphus) 

alcol N alcohol; con alcol ADJ alcoholic (drink, content); 

de alcol ADJ alcoholic (drink); sin alcol ADJ 

nonalcoholic 

alcolomania N alcoholism; alcolomanica ADJ N alcoholic 

(person) 

alcova N alcove, recess, nook, bay; alcova de arbores N 

bower; alcova de jardin N arbor (US), arbour (Br) 

alef N aleph (Hebrew letter) 

alega VT allege, claim; N allegation, claim; alegada ADJ 

alleged; ADV allegedly 

alegoria N allegory; alegorial ADJ allegorical 

aleluia INTERJ hallelujah, alleluia 

alemande N allemande (music, dance) 

alena N awl (tool) 

alerjen ADJ allergenic; N allergen 

alerjia N allergy; alerjica ADJ allergic; alerjiste N allergist 

alesandrian ADJ Alexandrian (literature, philosophy) 

aletera VI alliterate; N alliteration; aleterosa ADJ 

alliterative 

alfa N alpha (Greek letter) 

alfabeta N alphabet; alfabetal ADJ alphabetic, 

alphabetical; ADV alphabetically; alfabeti VT 

alphabetize, sort, put into alphabetical order; N 

alphabetization; alfabetisme N literacy; alfabetiste ADJ 

literate; N literate person; nonalfabetisme N illiteracy; 

nonalfabetiste ADJ illiterate; N illiterate person 

alfalfa N alfalfa (plant: species Medicago sativa) 

6 

alfanumeral ADJ alphanumeric 

alga DET some, several, a few, a little, a small amount of 

(unspecified quantity); any (questioning or negative); 

some (or other), (a) certain (unspecified identity); PRON 

PL some, several; ADV somewhat, fairly; a alga dia ADV 

one day, someday; a alga grado ADV somewhat, rather, 

fairly, quite, to some degree, to some extent; a alga 

loca ADV somewhere, in some place, anywhere, in any 

place; a alga parte ADV somewhere, in some area; alga 

cosa PRON something; anything (questioning or 

negative); en alga modo ADV somehow; tra alga 

tempo ADV for some time 

alga N alga; algal ADJ algal; algas N PL algae, seaweed 

algoritmo N algorithm; algoritmal ADJ algorithmic 

algun PRON (= alga person) someone, somebody; anyone, 

anybody (questioning or negative) 

alia VT ally; N alliance, league; alia se con VT ally oneself 

with, become allies with, join with; aliada N ally 

alias N alias (other name; also physics, software, 

telecommunications); aliasi V alias; N aliasing; 

desaliasi V antialias; N antialiasing 

alibi N alibi (claim that one was elsewhere) 

aliena VT alienate (legal, philosophical); N alienation 

(legal, philosophical, psychological); nonalienable ADJ 

inalienable 

aligator N alligator (reptile: genus Alligator) 

alinia VI align, be in alignment; VT align, line up; N 

alignment; alinia a destra V right-align, flush right; N 

right alignment, ragged left; alinia a sinistra V leftalign, 

flush left; N left alignment, ragged right; alinia 

plen V justify (typography); N (full) justification; alinia 

se V align oneself, get into alignment; malalinia V 

misalign; N misalignment 

alio N garlic (plant: species Allium sativum) 

aljebra N algebra; aljebral ADJ algebraic; ADV 

algebraically; aljebriste N algebraist 

Aljeria N Algeria (also Jazair); aljeri ADJ N Algerian 

alno N alder (tree: genus Alnus) 

alo INTERJ hello, hi, hey, yoo-hoo (greeting, catching 

attention) 

aloata N howler monkey (mammal: genus Alouatta) 

aloda N lark (bird: family Alaudidae) 

aloe N aloe (plant: genus Aloe) 

alora ADV then (at that time, next, therefore); INTERJ well, 

now then, right then, so; asta alora ADV until then; de 

alora ADV from then on, since then, any longer; la re 

alora N the then king 

alpaca N alpaca (mammal: species Vicugna pacos) 

alpe N alp; alpal ADJ alpine, Alpine; Alpes N PL Alps 

alta ADJ high (position, tone); upper, higher (part); tall 

(height); majestic, great (rank, status); N top, top half, 

upper part; a alta ADV upward, upwards, up; a alta 

de PREP up, to the top of; alta de bicini N bikini top; 

alti VI rise, soar; VT lift, raise, elevate; exalt; promote; 

altia N height, altitude, elevation; highness, majesty; 

INTERJ your highness; altia de ex N x-height 

(typography); altia de tono N pitch (of sound); la altas

e la basas N the highs and lows, the ups and downs, 

vicissitudes; plu alta ADJ higher, taller, upper; se altia N 

his highness, her highness; tu altia N your highness 

altar N altar; la Altar N Ara (constellation) 

altera VI VT alter, modify; N alteration, modification; 

accidental (music); alterante N modifier (grammar) 

alterna VI alternate, take turns; VT alternate; flip, toggle (a 

setting); N alternation; alternador N alternator; 

alternante ADJ alternating; N alternant 

alternativa ADJ alternative; N alternative, recourse; answer 

(to a rival concept) 

alto N alto (music) 

altruiste ADJ altruistic; ADV altruistically; N altruist; 

altruisme N altruism 

aluminio N aluminum (US), aluminium (Br) (element) 

alusina VT hallucinate; N hallucination, apparition, 

illusion, vision; alusina oiada N auditory hallucination; 

alusina videda N visual hallucination; alusinal ADJ 

hallucinatory, psychedelic; alusinalia N psychedelia 

alusinojen ADJ hallucinogenic; N hallucinogen 

aluvia N alluvium; aluvial ADJ alluvial 

alveolite N alveolitis 

alveolo N alveolus; tooth socket; alveolal ADJ N alveolar 

(consonant); posalveolal ADJ N postalveolar 

(consonant) 

am ABBR (= ante mediadia) a.m. 

ama VT love, cherish; N love, affection; ama uniladal N 

unrequited love; amable ADJ lovable, kind, nice, 

endearing, pleasant, likeable, affable; amablia N 

lovableness, kindness, niceness, affability; amada ADJ 

loved, beloved, cherished; N beloved, lover, loved one; 

amante ADJ loving, friendly, kind; amaperil (comp) N 

daredevil; amor N lover, girlfriend, boyfriend, 

paramour; amor de belia N esthete (US), aesthete (Br); 

amor de comeda N gourmand; amor de plaser N 

hedonist; amosa ADJ affectionate, amorous; amosia N 

affection, amorousness; bon amada ADJ well-loved; 

cade en ama V fall in love; comensa ama V fall in 

love; fa la ama V make love, have sex 

amaca N hammock; amaceta N deckchair 

amamelia N witch hazel (plant: genus Hamamelis) 

amanda N almond (nut); amando N almond (tree: species 

Prunus dulcis) 

amaranto N amaranth (plant: genus Amaranthus) 

amarga ADJ bitter (taste), bitter (emotionally), embittered; 

amargi VI grow bitter; VT embitter; amargia N 

bitterness 

amarina ADJ N Amhara (person), Amharic (language) 

amasa VT knead, work; amasador N kneading machine 

amato N hobby, serious pastime; amator N hobbyist, 

amateur 

ambar N amber (mineral); ambarin ADJ amber (color) 

ambasada N embassy, consulate; ambasador N 

ambassador 

ambidestrosa ADJ ambidextrous 

ambie VT surround; ambiente ADJ surrounding; N 

surroundings, environment, context; ambientisme N 

environmentalism; ambientiste N environmentalist 

ambigua ADJ ambiguous; N ambiguity (thing); ambigui VI 

become ambiguous; VT make ambiguous; ambiguia N 

ambiguity (quality); desambigui VI VT disambiguate; N 

disambiguation 

ambivale VI be ambivalent, have mixed feelings; N 

ambivalence; ambivalente ADJ ambivalent 

ambliopia N amblyopia, lazy eye; ambliopica ADJ 

amblyopic; N amblyope 

ambos DET both; PRON both; ADV both; ambos de 

nos both of us, we both, us both (but not nos ambos); 

ambos es coreta both are correct; ambos formas es 

coreta both forms are correct; ambos la maior e se 

sposa both the mayor and his wife 

ambulansia N ambulance 

amburger N hamburger, burger 

amen INTERJ amen, so be it, let it be 

America N America; America Norde N North America; 

America Sentral N Central America; America Sude N 

South America; american ADJ American 

amerisio N americium (element) 

ametista N amethyst 

amfetamina N amphetamine 

amfibio N amphibian; amfibin ADJ amphibious 

amfibraco N amphibrach 

amfiteatro N amphitheater (US), amphitheatre (Br) 

ami N friend, mate, pal, chum; ameta N dear; ami de 

cor N girlfriend, boyfriend; ami fema N female friend, 

girl friend; ami mas N male friend, boy friend; amia N 

friendship, amity; amin ADJ friendly; ADV in a friendly 

way; amini VI become friends, make friends; VT 

befriend; nonamin ADJ unfriendly, cold, aloof, distant, 

stand-offish, forbidding 

amidon N starch; amidon de mais N cornstarch (US), 

cornflour (Br); amidoni VT starch; amidonida ADJ 

starched 

amigdala N amygdala (anatomy) 

amil N amyl (chemistry) 

amina N amine (chemistry) 

aminoasida N amino acid (chemistry) 

amir N emir (ruler); amiria N emirate 

amira VT admire; N admiration; amirable ADJ admirable; 

amirante ADJ admiring; amiror N admirer 

amiral N admiral; amiralia N admiralty, admiralship; 

visamiral N vice admiral 

Amirias Arabi Unida N United Arab Emirates; amirati ADJ 

N Emirati 

amix ADJ N Amish 

amnesia N amnesia; amnesica ADJ N amnesiac, amnesic 

amnestia VT amnesty, grant an amnesty to; N amnesty 

amnio N amnion (biology); amnial ADJ amniotic 

amniosentese N amniocentesis (medical) 

amoc ADJ ADV amok; sindrom amoc N amok syndrome 

amonia N ammonia 

7

amonio N ammonium 

amorti VI be muffled; be amortized; VT muffle, deaden, 

dampen; amortize, absorb (cost); mute (music); N 

amortization; amortador N shock absorber 

amper N ampere, amp (measure) 

amputa VT amputate; N amputation; amputa la gama de 

un person V amputate a person's leg; amputada ADJ 

amputated; N amputated limb; amputee 

an ADV even (emphasizes what follows, often suggesting 

that it is unexpected); an con PREP despite, in spite of, 

regardless of, notwithstanding, even with, even in the 

face of; an con tota ADV despite everything, at least, if 

nothing else; an cuando CONJ even when, even while, 

even as; an no ADV not even; an nunca ADV never at 

all, not even once; an si CONJ even if, though, although, 

even though, despite the fact that, in spite of the fact 

that, notwithstanding that; an sin PREP despite the lack 

of, even without; an tal ADJ even such; ADV even thus, 

even so, nevertheless, nonetheless, however, anyway, 

anyhow, yet, still, be that as it may, despite that, having 

said that, all the same, at least, if nothing else 

(introducing a contrast) 

-an SUF ADJ N [added to certain nouns: pertaining to a 

region (suburban) or a period (victorian); added to a 

geographical name: ADJ pertaining to; N inhabitant and 

language (italian); also -es, -i, -ica, -sce] 

anabatiste ADJ N Anabaptist; anabatisme N Anabaptism 

anaboli VI VT anabolize; N anabolism; anabolal ADJ 

anabolic 

anacardia N cashew (nut); anacardio N cashew (tree: 

genus Anacardium) 

anacron ADJ anachronistic; ADV anachronistically; N 

anachronism 

anagram N anagram; anagramal ADJ anagrammatic; 

anagrami VI VT anagrammatize 

analise VT analyze (US), analyse (Br), dissect; N analysis, 

dissection; analisable ADJ analyzable (US), analysable 

(Br); analisal ADJ analytic, analytical; ADV analytically; 

analiseda ADJ analyzed (US), analysed (Br); N 

analysand, analytic patient; analisor N analyst 

analoja ADJ analogous, analog (US), analogue (Br); ADV 

analogously; N analog (US), analogue (Br), analogy; 

analojia N analogy (process of comparison), 

analogousness 

ananas N pineapple (plant, fruit: genus Ananas) 

anapesto N anapest (US), anapaest (Br); anapestal ADJ 

anapestic (US), anapaestic (Br) 

anarcia N anarchy; anarciosa ADJ anarchic; anarcisme N 

anarchism; anarciste N anarchist 

Anatolia N Anatolia; anatolian ADJ N Anatolian 

anatomia N anatomy; anatomial ADJ anatomical; ADV 

anatomically; anatomiste N anatomist 

anca N hip (anatomy) 

ance ADV also, as well, too, likewise; como ance CONJ as 

well as 

ancilostoma N hookworm (parasite: genus Ancylostoma) 

ancilostomiase N hookworm, ancylostomiasis (disease) 

8 

ancor N anchor; ancori VT anchor; cade la ancor V drop 

anchor; leva la ancor V weigh anchor 

ancora ADV still (continuing), (negative) yet, even (more); 

ancora no ADV still not, not yet; ma ancora ADV but 

still, and yet, nevertheless, however 

Andora N Andorra; andoran ADJ N Andorran 

Andromeda N Andromeda (constellation, mythology) 

anela VT long for, yearn for, pine for, crave, deeply desire; 

anela de casa N homesickness, longing for home; 

anela de pais N homesickness (when abroad) 

anelido N annelid (worm: phylum Annelida) 

anelo ADJ ring-shaped, annular; N ring, loop (of material), 

link (of chain), circuit (of track), torus, closed curve; 

ring, kroužek (diacritic); aneleta N washer; picot; anelo 

de onca N eye (fastener) 

anemia N anemia (US), anaemia (Br); anemica ADJ 

anemic (US), anaemic (Br) 

anemone N anemone (plant: genus Anemone); anemone 

de mar N sea anemone (coelenterate: order Actiniaria) 

anestese VT anesthetize (US), anaesthetize (Br); N 

anesthetization (US), anaesthetization (Br); anestesia N 

anesthesia (US), anaesthesia (Br); anestesiste N 

anesthetist (US), anaesthetist (Br) 

aneto N dill (plant: species Anethum graveolens) 

aneurisme N aneurysm 

angila N eel (fish: order Anguilliformes) 

Angila N Anguilla; angilan ADJ N Anguillian 

anglican ADJ N Anglican (religion); anglicanisme N 

Anglicanism 

anglosason ADJ N Anglo-Saxon, Old English 

Angola N Angola; angolan ADJ N Angolan 

angulo ADJ angular; N angle, corner; angulo reta N right 

angle 

angusa VI agonize, be in anguish; VT distress, appal (US), 

appall (Br); N agony, anguish, anxiety, dismay, 

consternation, distress, stress (mental); angusada ADJ 

distressed, anxious, agonized; angusante ADJ anxious 

anima VI animate, come to life; VT animate, bring to life; 

N animation (act, film); cartoon; animada ADJ animated, 

animate; N animated character, cartoon character; 

animor N animator, cartoonist; nonanimada ADJ 

inanimate 

animal N animal; animal amada N pet; animal de casa N 

pet; animal de pelux N stuffed toy, plush toy, soft toy, 

cuddly toy; animales nosiva N PL vermin; animali VI 

VT zoomorphize; N zoomorphism 

anime N animé, anime (Japanese animation) 

animiste ADJ N animist; animisme N animism 

aninga N darter, snakebird (sea bird: species Anhinga 

anhinga) 

anio N year; anial ADJ annual, yearly; anio de lus N light 

year (distance); anio estendeda N leap year 

anion N anion (chemistry) 

anis N anise, aniseed (plant: species Pimpinella anisum); 

seme de anis N aniseed (seed) 

aniversario N anniversary, birthday, jubilee; aniversario

sento N 100th anniversary, centenary, centennial; 

aniversario sento sincodes N 150th anniversary, 

sesquicentennial 

anjel N angel; anjel gardante N guardian angel; 

anjelin ADJ angelic 

anjelica N angelica (plant) 

anjina N angina; anjina de peto N angina pectoris 

anjioma N angioma (tumor) 

anjiopatia N angiopathy (medical) 

anjioplastia N angioplasty (medical) 

anjiosperma N angiosperm (plant) 

ano N anus (anatomy); anal ADJ anal 

anodo N anode 

anomal ADJ anomalous; N anomaly (thing); anomalia N 

anomalousness, anomaly (quality) 

anomalur N flying squirrel, anomalure (mammal: family 

Anomaluridae) 

anona N annona (plant: genus Annona) 

anonim ADJ anonymous; anonimia N anonymity 

anorac N anorak (coat) 

anorexia N anorexia; anorexica ADJ N anorexic 

anosia N anoxia; anosica ADJ anoxic 

anota VT annotate; N annotation; anotor N annotator 

ansia N anxiety, worry, unease, nervousness, 

apprehension; ansiosa ADJ anxious, worried, nervous, 

apprehensive 

anstrom N angstrom (measure) 

antartica ADJ Antarctic; Antartica N Antarctica, Antarctic 

ante PREP (time) before, earlier than, prior to, ahead of, 

ago; (space) in front of; a ante ADJ front, fore, forward, 

ahead; ADV beforehand, formerly, previously (time); in 

front, ahead, forward, forwards, forth (space); PREP in 

front of, to the front of (movement); ante cuando CONJ 

before; ante multe tempo ADV a long time ago; ante 

un tempo longa ADV a long time ago; ante tota ADV 

above all; de ante ADV from ahead, from in front; PREP 

from ahead of, from in front of (movement) 

antena N antenna (anatomy); antenna, aerial 

(telecommunications) 

anterior ADJ anterior, rostral (anatomy) 

anti- PREF ADJ N anti- [opposed to (antisosial); attacking 

(antiavion, antifungo); the opposite of (antieroe, 

antiproton)] 

antica ADJ ancient, antique; eda antica N antiquity, 

ancient times; anticia N antiquity (quality); anticin ADJ 

quaint, old-fashioned, dated, archaic, antiquated; N 

archaism, dated expression 

anticalia N antique (object); anticalior N antique seller, 

antiquarian 

anticorpo N antibody 

Antigua N Antigua; Antigua e Barbuda N Antigua and 

Barbuda; antiguan ADJ N Antiguan 

antijen ADJ antigenic; N antigen 

Antiles N Antilles; antilean ADJ Antillean; Antiles 

Nederlandes N Netherlands Antilles 

antilocapra N pronghorn antelope (mammal: genus 

Antilocapra) 

antilope N antelope (mammal: genus Alcelaphinae, genus 

Antilopinae, genus Hippotraginae, genus Reduncinae, 

genus Cephalophinae) 

antimonio N antimony (element) 

antipatia N antipathy, aversion, emotional dislike; 

antipatiosa ADJ antipathetic, averse 

antipoda ADJ antipodean; N antipode 

antolojia N anthology; antoloji VT anthologize; N 

anthologization; antolojiste N anthologist 

antonim ADJ antonymous, opposite (in meaning); N 

antonym, opposite; antonimia N antonymy 

antoserotal N hornwort (plant: genus Anthoceros) 

antrasita N anthracite 

antrax N anthrax (disease) 

antro N antrum (anatomy) 

antropolojia N anthropology; antropolojial ADJ 

anthropological; antropolojiste N anthropologist 

antropometria N anthropometry; antropometrial ADJ 

anthropometric 

anunsia VT announce, advertise, publicize; N 

announcement, advertisement, advert, ad, publicity; 

anunsia de mori N obituary; anunsieta N classified 

advertisement, small ad, want ad; anunsior N 

announcer, crier; bon anunsia N good press, good 

publicity 

anxo N ancho (spice) 

anxoa N anchovy (fish: family Engraulidae) 

aora ADV now, currently, at present, at this time; right 

now, immediately, at once; aora e alora ADV now and 

then, now and again, from time to time, on occasion, 

occasionally; asta aora ADV until now, to date, yet, up 

to this point; de aora ADV from now on, henceforth; no 

aora ADV not now; per aora ADV for now, for the 

moment, for the time being 

aorta N aorta 

aortite N aortitis 

aoto N night monkey, owl monkey (mammal: genus 

Aotus) 

aparato N device, gadget, piece of apparatus; aparateta N 

widget, gizmo; control (in computer interface); 

thingummy, thingamajig, thingamabob, whatsit, 

wossname, whatchamacallit, doodad, doobry, 

doohickey; aparato dental N brace (for teeth); 

aparatos N PL apparatus, equipment, hardware 

apare VI appear, become visible, show up, turn up, 

surface; VT cause to appear, manifest; N appearance; 

apare lenta V fade in; N fade-in; desapare V disappear, 

vanish; dispel; desapare lenta V fade out; N fade-out; 

reapare V reappear, resurface; N reappearance 

apartait N apartheid 

aparte N apartment, flat; unit (of building) 

apatia N apathy; apatiosa ADJ apathetic 

apatxe ADJ N Apache 

apela VT appeal (for, against) 

9

apena ADV hardly, scarcely, barely, just, by a small 

amount, with difficulty 

apendis N appendix (anatomy, publishing) 

apendisectomia N appendectomy 

apendisite N appendicitis 

apesta VI stink, reek, pong, niff; N stink, stench; 

apestosa ADJ stinky 

apetito N appetite 

apico N apex, tip, peak; heyday, prime, zenith; apical ADJ 

apical 

aplasia N aplasia (medical); aplasica ADJ aplasic 

aplaudi VT applaud, clap (a performance); N applause, 

clapping 

aplica VT apply (paint, make-up, butter, plaster, heat, etc); 

N application (of some substance); aplica se mente a V 

apply one's mind to; aplicable ADJ applicable, relevant, 

appropriate 

aploide ADJ N haploid (genetics) 

apnea N apnea (US), apnoea (Br) (medical); apnica ADJ 

apneic 

apocalise N apocalypse, catastrophe; revelation 

(religious); apocalisal ADJ apocalyptic 

apocrifa ADJ apocryphal; apocrifas N PL apocrypha 

apoia VI lean, tilt (position, movement); VT (cause to) lean, 

tilt; bank (aircraft); italicize (typography); apoiada ADJ 

tilted, leaning; italic (typography) 

apojeo N apogee (astronomy, metaphorical) 

apone VT put on (garment, jewelry, saddle, etc); 

desapone V remove, take off (garment, etc) 

apoptose N apoptosis (physiology) 

aposa VT appose, juxtapose, collocate; N apposition, 

juxtaposition, collocation; aposada N adposition (part 

of speech) 

aposta VT N bet, wager, gamble; aposta contra V bet 

against, wager against; aposta per V bet on, wager on 

(in favor of); apostada N stake, stakes (gambling); 

aposta sento euros ce un cosa va aveni V bet a 

hundred euros that something will happen; aposteria N 

betting parlor (US), betting shop (Br) 

apostol N apostle; apostolal ADJ apostolic 

aprende VT learn; aprendor N learner, pupil, apprentice, 

trainee; desaprende V unlearn 

april N April (month) 

aproba VT approve, approve of; confirm (action on 

computer); N approval, confirmation; desaproba V 

disapprove, deprecate 

apside N apse (architecture); apsis (astronomy) 

arabesca ADJ N arabesque (art, music, dance) 

Arabia N Arabia; arabi ADJ N Arab, Arabic, Arabian 

Arabia Saudi N Saudi Arabia; saudi ADJ N Saudi, Saudi 

Arabian 

aracide N peanut (plant, seed, pod: species Arachis 

hypogaea) 

aracnido N arachnid (class: Arachnida) 

aracnofobia N arachnophobia; aracnofobica ADJ 

10 

arachnophobic; N arachnophobe 

aracnoide N arachnoid (membrane) 

arado N plow (US), plough (Br); aradi VT plow (US), 

plough (Br), till 

Aragon N Aragon; aragones ADJ N Aragonese 

Aram N Aram; arami ADJ N Aramaic, Aramean, Aramaean 

aramo N limpkin (bird: species Aramus guarauna) 

aranca VT wrench, jerk, yank, snatch, wrest, tug, heave; N 

jerk, yank, tug, twist 

arania N spider (arachnid: order Araneae); aranin ADJ 

spidery, arachnoid 

arbitra VT arbitrate on, mediate on; N arbitration, 

mediation; arbitror N referee, umpire, official 

arbor N tree; arbor de pan N breadfruit (tree: genus 

Artocarpus altilis); arboreria N arboretum; arboreta N 

bush, shrub 

arcanjel N archangel 

arcenemi N archenemy, nemesis 

arceolojia N archeology (US), archaeology (Br); 

arceolojial ADJ archeological (US), archaeological (Br); 

arceolojiste N archeologist (US), archaeologist (Br) 

arcetipo N archetype 

arcibispo N archbishop; arcibispia N archbishopric, 

archdiocese 

arcipelago N archipelago 

arciteta N architecture; arcitetal ADJ architectural; 

arcitetor N architect 

arcitrava N architrave (architecture) 

arcivo N record (of information), register, log; file, folder, 

document wallet (for papers); folder, directory 

(software); arcivador N file cabinet, filing cabinet; filer 

(software); arciveria N archive, depository, record 

office, repository, registry; arcivi VT archive, log, 

chronicle; arciviste N archivist; arcivos anial N annals 

arco N arc (geometry, electrical, narrative); arch 

(architecture); bow (weapon, music); arci VI VT arch 

(back, roof); arco de pede N arch (of foot); arco de 

porte N doorway; arco de sielo N rainbow; arcor N 

archer; la Arcor N Sagittarius (constellation) 

arde VI burn, sear, blaze; VT burn; arde de ereses N autoda-fé; 

ardeda ADJ burned, burnt, charred; ardente ADJ 

burning; ardent, passionate 

ardosia N slate (mineral) 

are N are (measure) 

area N area, region; areal ADJ regional 

arem N harem 

aremon N brush finch (bird: genus Arremon, genus 

Atlapetes, etc) 

arena N sand; arena movente N quicksand; arenosa ADJ 

sandy, sand-covered 

arenga VT harangue, rant at; N rant, tirade, diatribe 

arenge N herring (fish: genus Clupea); arenge fumida N 

smoked herring, kipper 

areola N halo; areola (anatomy) 

aresta VT arrest, seize, apprehend; N arrest; aresta

acaso N arbitrary arrest; aresta nonlegal N illegal 

arrest 

argon N argon (element) 

ariete N battering ram 

aristocrata ADJ aristocratic; N aristocrat; aristocratia N 

aristocracy 

aritmetica N arithmetic; aritmetical ADJ arithmetic, 

arithmetical 

aritmia N arrhythmia (medical); aritmica ADJ arrhythmic 

ariva VI arrive; N arrival; arivor N arrival (person); 

ariveria N arrivals hall 

arjentifer ADJ argentiferous (geology) 

Arjentina N Argentina; arjentina ADJ N Argentinian 

arjento ADJ silver (color); N silver (color, metal, element); 

arjenti VT silver, silver-plate; arjentida ADJ silverplated; 

arjentin ADJ silvery; de arjento ADJ silver, 

(made) of silver 

arjila N clay; arjilosa ADJ clayey 

arma N weapon; armas N arms, armaments; armeria N 

armory (US), armoury (Br), arsenal; armor N armorer 

(US), armourer (Br); con armas ADJ armed; porta 

armas V bear arms; sin armas ADJ unarmed 

armada N army, legion, armada, host 

armadilo N armadillo (mammal: order Cingulata, family 

Dasypodidae) 

armario N cupboard, cabinet; armario de libros N 

bookcase; armario de mur N wall cabinet; armario de 

vestes N wardrobe; armarior N cabinetmaker; construi 

de armarios N cabinetmaking 

Armenia N Armenia (also Haiastan); armenian ADJ N 

Armenian 

arminian ADJ N Arminian (religion); arminianisme N 

Arminianism 

armonia N harmony (music, metaphorical); armoni VI VT 

harmonize; armonial ADJ harmonic; N harmonic 

(frequency); armoniosa ADJ harmonious, compatible; 

nonarmoniosa ADJ inharmonious, incompatible, 

incongruous 

armonica N harmonica, mouth organ (instrument) 

armur N (suit of) armor (US), armour (Br); armur de 

gama N greave; armur de peto N breastplate 

arnes N harness, sling; arnesi VT harness 

arpa N harp (instrument); arpiste N harpist 

arpia N harpy, harridan, hag, gorgon, crone (unpleasant 

old woman) 

arpon N harpoon; arponi VT harpoon 

arsenico N arsenic (element) 

arte N art; artal ADJ artistic; arte de governa N 

statesmanship, statecraft; arte inferior N kitsch; artes 

bela N PL fine arts, beaux arts; artes de presenta N PL 

performing arts; artes vidable N PL visual arts; 

artin ADJ arty, artsy; artiste ADJ artistic; N artist; 

artosa ADJ artful, artistic 

arteria N artery; arteria carotide N carotid artery; 

arterial ADJ arterial 

arteriografia N arteriography 

arteriol N arteriole (anatomy) 

artesian ADJ artesian (well) 

artica ADJ Arctic; Artica N Arctic 

article N article (document), essay; record (in database), 

row (of data table); article de nase N birth certificate; 

article de novas N news item 

article N article, determiner (grammar); article de 

cuantia N partitive article; article de defini N definite 

article; article de nondefini N indefinite article 

artifisia N artifice, artificiality; artifisial ADJ artificial, 

synthetic, man-made 

artileria N artillery; artileriste N artillerist, artilleryman 

artisan N artisan, craftsman, craftswoman; artisania N 

craft, craftsmanship 

artrite N arthritis (medical); artritica ADJ arthritic 

artropodo N arthropod (phylum) 

artrose N arthrosis, osteoarthritis (medical) 

Aruba N Aruba; aruban ADJ N Aruban 

as N ace (cards) 

Asam N Assam; asames ADJ N Assamese 

asana N asana (yoga posture) 

asaro N wild ginger (plant: genus Asarum) 

asasina VT assassinate, murder; N assassination, murder; 

asasinor N assassin, murderer 

asbesto N asbestos 

asbestose N asbestosis 

asconde VI hide, be in hiding, lurk; VT hide, conceal, 

efface, tuck away; ascondeda ADJ hidden, concealed, 

latent, lurking, tucked away 

ase N axle, shaft (arrow, machinery, hair); axis; asal ADJ 

axial; ase x N x-axis; ase y N y-axis 

asecura VT insure; N insurance; asecura mutua N mutual 

insurance; contrata de asecura N insurance policy; 

paia de asecura N insurance premium 

asede VT access; N access; asedable ADJ accessible; 

nonasedable ADJ inaccessible 

aseja VT besiege; N siege 

aselera VI VT accelerate, speed up; N acceleration; 

aselerador N accelerator (including pedal); aselerador 

de particulas N particle accelerator 

asembla VI assemble, gather, come together; VT assemble, 

amass, bring together, put together; N gathering, gettogether, 

rally, jamboree; (political) assembly; 

asemblador N assembler (software); asembleria N 

assembly rooms, assembly hall, meeting hall; 

desasembla V disassemble, dismantle 

asende VT ascend, rise, climb, go up; N ascent; 

asendador N elevator, lift; asendente ADJ ascending, 

rising, upward; N ancestor, forebear, forefather; PREP up, 

to the top of 

asente ADJ absent, missing; asenti VI become absent, 

depart; VT make absent; asenti se V excuse oneself; 

asentia N absence 

asentor N accentor (bird: family Prunellidae) 

asentua VT emphasize, accentuate, stress; N emphasis, 

11

accent, stress; asentuada ADJ emphatic, stressed; 

asentuante ADJ emphatic; desasentua V deemphasize; 

nonasentuada ADJ unstressed, atonic 

aser N steel 

asera N maple fruit, maple key; asero N maple (tree: 

genus Acer) 

aseso N abscess (medical); aseseta N boil, furuncle 

aseta VT accept, condone; grant (a point in an argument); 

N acceptance; asetable ADJ acceptable, passable, 

reasonable, valid; asetablia N acceptability; asetante 

ce CONJ granted that; asetador N outlet, socket 

(electrical); nonasetable ADJ unacceptable, invalid; N 

no-no; pos aseta ce CONJ granted that 

asetato N acetate (chemistry) 

asetica ADJ acetic (chemistry) 

asetilcolina N acetylcholine (biochemistry) 

asfalto N asphalt, tarmac, asphalt concrete (bituminous 

mixture for surfacing roads) 

asi ADV here; to here, hither; asi e ala ADV here and there, 

in various places, dotted about; de asi ADV from here, 

away, away from here, hence; de asi a ala ADV back 

and forth, to and fro 

Asia N Asia; Asia este N Far East; Asia sude-ueste N 

Near East, Middle East; asian ADJ N Asian, Asiatic 

asiamania N orientalism; asiamanica ADJ N orientalist 

asida ADJ acid, acidic, sour, tart; ADV acidly, sourly, tartly; 

N acid; asida desosiribonucleal N deoxyribonucleic 

acid, DNA; asida fosforica N phosphoric acid; asida 

latica N lactic acid; asida nitrica N nitric acid; asida 

nucleal N nucleic acid; asida ribonucleal N ribonucleic 

acid, RNA; asida sulfurica N sulfuric acid (US), 

sulphuric acid (Br); asidi VI sour, turn sour; VT acidify, 

make sour; N acidification; asidia N acidity, sourness, 

tartness 

asida-dulse ADJ sweet-and-sour (sauce) 

asidente N accident (mishap involving damage to life or 

property) 

asidofil ADJ acidophilic; N acidophile; asidofilia N 

acidophilia 

asidua ADJ assiduous, diligent, hard-working; asiduia N 

assiduousness, diligence, hard work 

asilido N robber fly (insect: family Asilidae) 

asimina N pawpaw (tree, fruit: genus Asimina) 

asinia VT assign, allocate, allot, appoint (tasks, resources); 

N assignment, allocation, allotment, appointment; 

asinia roles a la juores assign roles to the players 

asino N donkey, ass (mammal: subgenus Asinus); 

asinor N donkey driver, donkey rider 

asinto N absinthe (drink) 

asion N stock, share; asioneria N stock market, stock 

exchange; asionor N stockholder, shareholder 

Asiria N Assyria 

asma N asthma; asmica ADJ N asthmatic 

asoluta ADJ absolute; ADV absolutely; asolutisme N 

absolutism; asolutiste N absolutist 

ason N axon 

12 

asorbe VT absorb, assimilate; N absorption, assimilation; 

reasorbe V reabsorb; N reabsorption 

asosia VI associate; VT associate, partner; N association, 

partnership, consortium; asosia carital N charitable 

organization, registered charity; asosior N associate, 

partner, colleague; desasosia V disassociate, dissociate 

asparago N asparagus (plant, vegetable: species 

Asparagus officinalis) 

aspartato N aspartate (chemistry) 

aspeta VI (copula) look (have a certain appearance), 

appear; N aspect, appearance; aspeta continuante N 

continuous aspect (grammar); aspeta nonperfeta N 

imperfect aspect (grammar); aspeta perfeta N perfect 

aspect (grammar); el aspeta como un capra he looks 

like a goat; tu capeles aspeta bela your hair looks nice 

aspira VT aspire to, dream of; aspirate (phonetics); N 

aspiration, dream, ambition; aspirada ADJ aspired; 

aspirated; N aspirate (phonetics); aspirante ADJ 

aspiring, ambitious; aspiror N candidate, applicant, 

nominee 

aspirina N aspirin 

asta PREP (space) next to, beside, by; (motion) up to, 

down to, as far as; (time) until, till; asta cuando CONJ 

until, till; asta la ora INTERJ bye, see you, goodbye; 

asta plu tarda INTERJ see you later; asta reuni INTERJ 

bye, see you, goodbye; asta revide INTERJ bye, see you, 

goodbye; la un asta la otra ADV next to each other, side 

by side 

astato N astatine (element) 

asteni VI abstain, refrain, desist, eschew, forbear; N 

abstinence, abstention, forbearance; celibacy; asteni de 

vota N abstention from voting; asteninte ADJ abstinent, 

chaste, celibate 

astenia N asthenia (medical); astenica ADJ asthenic 

asteroide N asteroid (astronomy) 

astigmata ADJ astigmatic (medical); astigmatia N 

astigmatism 

astral ADJ astral (paranormal) 

astrata ADJ abstract; N abstraction (thing); astratia N 

abstractness, abstraction (quality) 

astrinje VT cause to contract, be astringent (anatomy); 

astrinjente ADJ astringent (including metaphorical) 

astrofisica N astrophysics; astrofisiciste N astrophysicist 

astrolabio N astrolabe (device) 

astrolojia N astrology; astrolojial ADJ astrological; 

astrolojiste N astrologer, astrologist 

astronomia N astronomy; astronomial ADJ astronomical; 

ADV astronomically; astronomiste N astronomer 

astruzo N ostrich (bird: species Struthio camelus) 

Asturias N Asturias; asturian ADJ N Asturian 

astuta ADJ astute, clever, witty, cunning, savvy, shrewd; 

astuta de rede ADJ internet-savvy; astuta de ueb ADJ 

web-savvy; es plu astuta ca V outwit; tecnical 

astuta ADJ tech-savvy 

asurda ADJ absurd, nonsensical, ludicrous, preposterous; 

N absurdity (thing), nonsense; asurdia N absurdity 

(quality), ludicrousness, preposterousness

asusta VT frighten, scare, terrify, horrify; N fright, scare; 

asustante ADJ frightening, terrifying, terrible, horrible, 

awful, dreadful, grotesque, atrocious; ADV terribly, 

horribly, awfully; asustavia (comp) N scarecrow 

ata VI act (take action, perform as actor); N action, act 

(document, part of play), deed; ator N actor, performer; 

ator fema N female actor, actress; ator mas N male 

actor; interata VI interact; N interaction; interatante ADJ 

interactive 

ataca VT attack, assault, charge, storm, besiege, raid, 

aggress; N attack, assault, aggression, onslaught; 

paroxysm, seizure, fit (medical, laughter); ataca de 

aira N air raid; ataca de cor N heart attack; ataca par 

suiside V N suicide attack; ataca serebral N stroke, 

transient ischemic attack; atacable ADJ vulnerable, 

open to attack; atacada ADJ attacked, besieged, under 

attack; atacante ADJ attacking, aggressive; atacor N 

attacker, besieger; forward (sports); atacosa ADJ 

aggressive 

atalanta N red admiral (butterfly: species Vanessa 

atalanta) 

ataxia N ataxia (medical); ataxica ADJ ataxic 

ateiste /ate-iste/ N atheist; ateisme /ate-isme/ N atheism 

atende VT pay attention to, attend to, heed, keep an eye 

on, mind, look after, take care of (but not care for); 

serve (master); N attention; atendente ADJ attentive, 

alert, attendant, heedful; careful, rigorous; atendor N 

attendant, caretaker; squire; atendor de bebe N 

babysitter; atendosa ADJ fastidious, meticulous; 

nonatendente ADJ careless, negligent, imprudent, 

heedless 

ateni VT reach, attain, achieve, accomplish; N attainment, 

achievement, accomplishment 

atenta VT attempt, try, endeavor (US), endeavour (Br), 

essay; N attempt; atenta colpa V try to hit, take a swing 

at; atenta criminal N criminal attempt; atenta e era N 

trial and error 

atera VI land (aircraft), make landfall, arrive at port; VT 

(cause to) land; N landing 

atesta VT attest, witness, testify, vouch; N testimony, 

evidence, testament; atesta falsa V commit perjury, 

perjure; N perjury; atesta final N last will and 

testament; atesta nova N new testament; atesta vea N 

old testament; atesta vival N living will; atestor N 

testator; witness, eyewitness (to crime, event); sin 

atesta ADJ intestate 

atica ADJ N Attic (Greek) 

atico N attic, garret, loft; atico lusosa N penthouse 

ativa ADJ active; N asset (accounting); active (grammar); 

ativi VI activate; VT activate, trigger, precipitate; N 

activation; ativia N activity, bustle; ativia volcanal N 

volcanic activity, volcanism; ativisme N activism; 

ativiste N activist; desativi V deactivate; N deactivation; 

nonativa ADJ inactive, languorous, quiescent; 

nonativia N inactivity, languor, quiescence; reativi V 

reactivate; N reactivation; reativia N reactivity; 

retroativa ADJ retroactive 

atlantica ADJ Atlantic; Mar Atlantica N Atlantic 

atleta N athlete; atletal ADJ athletic; atletisme N athletic 

activity, sports, athletics (US); atletisme lejera N 

athletics (Br), track-and-field athletics; atletisme 

pesosa N weightlifting and wrestling 

atmosfera N atmosphere; atmosferal ADJ atmospheric 

atol N atoll 

atom N atom; atomal ADJ atomic; suatomal ADJ 

subatomic 

atonia N atony (medical); atonica ADJ atonic 

atrae VT attract, entice; N attraction, enticement; atrae per 

turistes N tourist attraction, sight; atraente ADJ 

attracting; atraosa ADJ attractive, pretty, cute 

atribui VT attribute, credit; N attribution; atribui un cualia 

a algun attribute a quality to someone, credit someone 

with a quality; atribuida ADJ attributed, credited; N 

attribute, quality 

atricorno N scrub-bird (bird: genus Atrichornis) 

atrio N atrium, hall, lobby, foyer, vestibule 

atrofia VI VT atrophy, wither; N atrophy, atrophying, 

withering; atrofica ADJ atrophic 

aturdi VT stun, daze, bewilder, stupefy, knock out; N 

knockout 

au INTERJ ow, ouch (pain) 

Auad N Awadh; auadi ADJ N Awadhi 

audio ADJ N audio 

aulacode N cane rat (mammal: genus Thryonomys) 

aumenta VI VT augment, increase, supplement, boost; 

appreciate (in value); tighten (rules); N increase, surge, 

augmentation, supplement, boost; aumenta con V 

increase by (an addition); aumental ADJ supplementary 

aurora N aurora 

Australia N Australia; australian ADJ N Australian 

australopiteco N australopithecus (fossil primate) 

Austria N Austria (also Osteraic); austrian ADJ N Austrian 

auto N automobile, auto, car; auto de xoca N bumper car, 

dodgem; auto esplorante N scout car (military) 

auto- PREF auto-, self- [adds the idea of automation 

(autopilote) or of relation to oneself (autodestrui)] 

autocaravan N motor home, recreational vehicle, RV, 

campervan 

autocrata ADJ autocratic, dictatorial, sovereign; N 

autocrat, dictator; autocratia N autocracy, dictatorship, 

sovereignty 

automanica N car enthusiast, automobilist 

automata N automat, automaton; automata de discos N 

jukebox; automati VT automate; N automation; 

automatida ADJ automated, automatic 

autono N autumn, fall; autonal ADJ autumnal 

autonom ADJ autonomous, independent; ADV 

independently; autonomia N autonomy, independence, 

sovereignty 

autopsia N autopsy, postmortem 

autor N author, writer, creator; autor teatral N playwright 

autoria N authority, mandate (power to command), 

jurisdiction; autori VT authorize, empower, give 

authority to; N authorization; autoriosa ADJ 

13

authoritative; plenipotentiary; N authority (authoritative 

person) 

autoritar ADJ N authoritarian (personality); 

autoritarisme N authoritarianism (political); 

autoritariste ADJ N authoritarian (political) 

autostopa VI hitchhike; N hitchhiking; autostopor N 

hitchhiker 

autotrof ADJ autotrophic; N autotroph; autotrofia N 

autotrophia 

autovia /autovía/ N motorway, highway, carriageway 

auuu INTERJ howl (wolf) 

ava N grandmother; avo N grandfather; duava N greatgrandmother; 

duavo N great-grandfather; treava N 

great-great-grandmother; treavo N great-greatgrandfather 

avalanxa V N avalanche 

avansa VI advance, go forward; VT advance; forward (e.g. 

email); N advance, incursion, surge; avansa grande N 

breakthrough; avansa min ca V lag behind; avansa 

rapida V fast-forward; avansada ADJ advanced 

avar ADJ miserly, avaricious, greedy, stingy, mean (Br); N 

miser; avaria N greed, miserliness, avarice 

avatar N avatar 

ave VT have, own; there is, there are, there exists; ave asi 

alga ideas here are some ideas; ave un metre de 

longia V be a meter long; ave un problem there is a 

problem; no ave V do not have, lack, be without; there 

is not, there are not 

avena N oat, oats (plant, seed: genus Avena) 

aveni VI happen, occur, take place; N happening, 

occurrence, event, incident; outbreak; avenis de la 

ora N PL current events, latest news; avenis nova N PL 

news, current events; per la aveni ADV in case, just in 

case 

aventura VI adventure; N adventure; aventurante ADJ 

adventurous (person); aventuror N adventurer; 

aventurosa ADJ adventurous (activity) 

averbo N adverb; averbal ADJ adverbial; averbo de 

demanda N interrogative adverb; averbo 

suordinante N relative adverb 

averti VT warn (of danger); N warning 

avesta N avesta (Zoroastrian scriptures) 

avia N bird; avia cantante N warbler, songbird; avia 

cultivada N fowl; avia de mar N seabird; avia de 

paradiso N bird of paradise (family Paradisaeidae); 

avia tentante N decoy; avia xasante N bird of prey; 

avias cultivada N PL poultry; avias de cultiveria N PL 

poultry, farm birds; avieria N aviary; avieta N chick, 

fledgling 

avion N airplane (US), aeroplane (Br), aircraft; 

antiavion ADJ antiaircraft; avion de mar N seaplane, 

hydroplane; avion liscante N glider; avion sin pilote N 

drone; avioneria N aircraft hangar; avioni VT ship (by 

air); N aviation; avionor N aviator 

avisa VT advise, caution, warn (give cautionary advice), 

admonish; N advice, warning, notice, admonition; avisa 

vidable N visual alert; aviseta N hint, tip; avisor N 

adviser 

14 

avocado N avocado (tree, fruit: species Persea 

americana) 

avoseta N avocet (wading bird: genus Recurvirostra) 

axa N axe; axeta N hatchet; axeta de carnor N cleaver, 

butcher's knife; axi VT chop, hack; axi a picos V mince; 

axida a picos ADJ minced, finely chopped 

axi INTERJ atishoo (sneeze) 

axila N armpit, underarm; axilal ADJ axillary, underarm 

axiom N axiom, convention (science); axiomal ADJ 

axiomatic 

axocan ADJ Ashokan 

axu INTERJ achoo (sneeze) 

Axum N Aksum 

azalea N azalea (plant: genus Rhododendron, subgenus 

Pentanthera and Tsutsuji) 

Azerbaijan N Azerbaijan; azerbaijani ADJ N Azerbaijani 

azimuta N azimuth (astronomy) 

azor N goshawk (bird: genus Accipiter) 

azospermia N azoospermia (medical) 

azotemia N azotemia (medical) 

azul ADJ N light blue, azure (color); azul verdin N 

greenish blue, greeny blue; verdin azul ADJ greenishblue, 

greeny-blue 

B 

B /be/ N B (letter, musical note) 

ba INTERJ bah, nonsense, who cares 

babababel INTERJ blah blah blah 

babau N bogeyman, boogeyman, bogles, bogey, bugaboo, 

bugbear 

babca N babka 

babela VT babble, gab, gabble, mutter, gibber, witter, talk 

nonsense; N gibberish, gobbledygook, bafflegab, jargon, 

patter; babelosa ADJ gibberish, jargon-filled 

Babilonia N Babylonia 

babuin N baboon (primate) 

baca N berry (fruit) 

baclava N baklava 

Bactria N Bactria 

badaui ADJ N Bedouin 

badminton N badminton; badmintonor N badminton 

player 

bagaje N baggage, luggage 

bahai ADJ N Baha'i; bahaisme N Baha'i, Baha'ism 

Bahamas N PL Bahamas; bahaman ADJ N Bahamian 

(person) 

baia N bay (of sea); baieta N cove, inlet 

Baiern N Bavaria; baieres ADJ N Bavarian (person) 

baioneta N bayonet

ait N byte; cilobait N kilobyte; gigabait N gigabyte; 

megabait N megabyte; terabait N terabyte 

bal N ball; bal de canon N cannonball; bal de neva N 

snowball; bal de pasta N dumpling, gnocco; bales de 

pasta N PL gnocchi; baleta N bullet; marble (toy); 

balon N balloon; (speech) bubble; balon de aira 

calda N hot-air balloon; balon de avisa N warning 

balloon (software) 

balaclava N balaclava (knitted hood) 

balada N ballad; baladador N personal stereo, walkman; 

baladador dijital N MP3 player, digital audio player 

balalaica N balalaika (string instrument) 

balansa N see-saw, (pair of) scales (for weighing); 

balansi VT see-saw, balance, swing up and down; la 

Balansa N Libra (constellation) 

balasto N ballast 

balbuta VT N stutter, stammer, splutter, sputter 

balcon N balcony; balcon media N mezzanine (floor, 

balcony) 

baldacin N canopy, baldaquin, tabernacle 

balde N bucket, pail; baldon N dustbin, rubbish bin, litter 

bin, trash can, garbage can; baldoni VT bin, throw away, 

chuck out, toss, toss out 

balena N whale (mammal: order Cetacea); balenor N 

whaler; la Balena N Cetus (constellation) 

balenotera N rorqual (whale: family Balaenopteridae) 

balesta N crossbow 

baletia N ballet; baletiste N ballet dancer, ballerina 

Balgaria N Bulgaria; balgarsce ADJ N Bulgarian (person, 

language) 

balia VI yawn; N yawn 

balo N dance (event); balo formal N ball; balo vivosa N 

lively dance (event), hop, bop, hoedown, hootenanny, 

shindig, corroboree 

Balotxistan N Balochistan, Baluchistan 

balsa N raft; balsi VT raft (transport by raft) 

balsam N balm, balsam; balsami VT embalm 

baltica ADJ Baltic 

bambola VI wobble, totter, be unsteady; stagger, reel, 

walk unsteadily; flounder 

bambu N bamboo (plant, stem: subfamily Bambusoideae, 

tribe Bambuseae) 

banana N banana (plant, fruit: genus Musa) 

banca N bench (seat), pew; banca de la acusada N dock 

(in court); banca de la atestor N witness stand (US), 

witness box (Br); banca de la juria N jury-box 

bancarota ADJ bankrupt, insolvent; bancaroti VI go 

bankrupt; VT (make) bankrupt 

banceta VI banquet, feast; N banquet, feast 

banco N bank (for money); bancador de datos N 

database program; banco de datos N database, data 

bank; banco de oios N eye bank; bancor N banker 

bancsia N banksia (plant: genus Banksia) 

banda N band, tape, strip, strap; track (of mix); banda de 

lenio N strip of wood, lath; banda de oios N blindfold; 

banda de sona N soundtrack (of mix); banda de taie N 

waistband; banda de testa N headband; banda 

elastica N elastic band, rubber band; banda medical N 

bandage; bandeta N band-aid, sticking plaster; 

bandi VT tape (apply tape to), tape up; strap; bandi la 

oios V blindfold 

bande N band, ensemble (music); bande marxante N 

marching band 

bandera N flag, banner; bandereta N pennant 

bandicute N bandicoot (mammal: family Peramelidae) 

bandito N bandit, outlaw, highwayman, brigand; 

banditia N banditage, brigandage 

bandolera N bandolier 

bandura N bandura (string instrument) 

Bangladex N Bangladesh; bangla ADJ N Bengali, Bangla 

(person, language) 

banio N bathtub, bath; bani VT bathe; N bath, bathing; 

bani de spuma N foam bath, bubble bath (foamy 

water); bani su sol V sunbathe; banieria N spa, bath 

(communal); banieria mineral N mineral bath, spa; 

banieria termal N thermal bath, spa; baninte ADJ 

bathing; banio de vortis N whirlpool bath, hot tub, 

jacuzzi, spa; banior N bather 

banjo N banjo 

banlam ADJ N Min Nan, Ban-Lam (language) 

bantu ADJ N Bantu 

banxi N banshee 

baobab N baobab (tree: genus Adansonia) 

bar N bar, pub; bariste N bartender, barman, barmaid 

bara N bar, rod, rail; slash (punctuation); bara de 

confeto N candy bar (US), confectionery bar (Br); bara 

de dentes N rack (of rack and pinion); bara de 

molas N splinter bar; bara de musli N granola bar, 

muesli bar; bara de rola N scrollbar (software); bara de 

tira N tow bar, tow hitch; bara de titulo N title bar 

(software); bara de utiles N toolbar (software); bara de 

xocolada N chocolate bar; bara inclinada N (forward) 

slash, oblique stroke, solidus (punctuation); bara 

natural N health bar (food); bara reversada N 

backslash (punctuation); bara traversante N crossbar; 

bara vertical N vertical slash, bar, pipe symbol 

(punctuation); bareta N bolt (door); barrette (US), 

hairslide (Br); bari VT bar, block off; cross out, strike 

through; desbari V unbar, unblock 

Barain N Bahrain; baraini ADJ N Bahraini 

Barat N India (also India); barati ADJ N Indian (person, 

language) 

barata ADJ cheap, inexpensive; N bargain (cheap item); 

baratia N cheapness 

baratamanica N cheapskate 

barba N beard; barbeta N goatee; barbi VT add a beard to; 

barbida ADJ bearded 

Barbados N Barbados; barbadian ADJ N Barbadian 


barbar ADJ N barbarian, barbaric; barbaria N barbarism 

barbecu N barbecue 

Barbuda N Barbuda; barbudan ADJ N Barbudan 

15

arco N boat; barceria N marina; barceta N dinghy; 

barco de faro N lightvessel, lightship; barco teatral N 

showboat; barcon N ship; barcon blindada N 

battleship, armored ship (US), armoured ship (Br); 

barcon de carga N cargo ship, freighter; barcon de 

gera N warship; barcon de vapor N steamship; barcon 

prima N flagship; barcon ruinada N shipwreck; barcon 

spasial N spaceship, spacecraft; barconeria N shipyard; 

barconi VT ship (transport by ship); sur barco ADJ ADV 

on board 

barde N bard 

baril N barrel, cask 

bario N barium (element) 

barion N baryon 

baritono N baritone (music) 

baroca ADJ baroque 

baron N baron, lord; baronesa N baroness; baronia N 

barony 

basa ADJ low (position); lower (part); short (height); 

shallow (depth); deep (tone); low, mean, unkind, base; N 

bottom, bottom half, lower part; a basa ADV downward, 

downwards, down; a basa de PREP down; basa de 

catran ADJ low in tar, low-tar (regarding cigarettes); 

basi VI lower; VT lower, reduce in height; debase; basi 

se V lower oneself, abase oneself, belittle oneself; 

basia N lowness; meanness; plu basa ADJ lower, 

deeper, shorter 

bascetbal N basketball 

base N base (center of operations, chemistry, linguistic, 

baseball) 

basebal N baseball 

basil N basil (plant: species Ocimum basilicum) 

basilica N basilica 

basilisco N basilisk (mythology, reptile: genus Basiliscus) 

basin N basin (geography) 

baso N bass (music); basiste N bassist, bass player 

basofil N basophil 

bason N bassoon 

basta VI be ample, be more than enough, more than 

suffice; bastante ADJ ample, more than enough, more 

than sufficient; ADV amply, enough, sufficiently 

bastardo N bastard (illegitimate child; insult) 

basto N stick, cane; basteta N stick, twig, small branch; 

basteta de dentes N toothpick; basto curva N crook, 

staff, crosier, crozier; basto de mesura N measuring 

stick, measuring rod; basto de olio N dipstick; basto 

de zucar N candy cane; baston N bat, club; skittle, pin 

(bowling); de bastetas ADJ wicker 

batalia VT battle, combat, fight; N battle, fighting, combat; 

batalia per V campaign for (a cause); batalior N 

fighter; campaigner 

batalion N battalion 

bate VT beat, thrash, batter, pummel (hit repeatedly); 

slam; flap; whip (into a froth); batador N beater, whisk; 

batador eletrical N beater; batador engranada N crank 

beater, eggbeater; bateovo (comp) N eggbeater; 

bateporte (comp) N door knocker; bateta V knock, rap, 

16 

tap (at door); flutter (wings); bateta de cor N heartbeat 

bateria N bacterium; baterial ADJ bacterial; baterias N PL 

bacteria 

bateriolojia N bacteriology; bateriolojial ADJ 

bacteriological; bateriolojiste N bacteriologist 

baterioterapia N bacteriotherapy 

baterivor ADJ bacterivorous; N bacterivore 

batisfera N bathysphere 

batiste ADJ N Baptist; batisme N Baptist religion 

batiza VT baptize, christen; N baptism, christening 

bava VI dribble, trickle, drool; N dribble, drool (saliva) 

bazar N bazaar 

be N name of letter B 

bearnes ADJ Béarnaise 

bebe ADJ N baby, infant; bebe de la buma N baby 

boomer; bebeta N newborn, neonate; bebia N 

babyhood, infancy 

bebop N bebop 

becasia N woodcock (wading bird: genus Scolopax) 

becerel N becquerel (measure) 

beco N beak, bill, snout; mouthpiece (music); nib (pen); 

spout (pitcher); beco de Bunsen N Bunsen burner; 

becobarcin (comp) N boat-billed heron (bird: species 

Cochlearius cochlearius); becocrusada (comp) N 

crossbill (bird: genus Loxia); becoibisin (comp) /becoibisin/ 

N ibisbill (wading bird: species Ibidorhyncha 

struthersii); becosapatin (comp) N shoebill (bird: 

species Balaeniceps rex); becosisorin (comp) N 

skimmer (wading bird: family Rynchopidae genus 

Rynchops); becospatulin (comp) N spoonbill (bird: 

genus Platalea); becospesa (comp) N grosbeak (bird: 

various thick-billed genera of subfamily Carduelinae) 

bedel N beadle 

begonia N begonia (plant: genus Begonia) 

bela ADJ beautiful, lovely, pretty, stunning, gorgeous, 

elegant, handsome; ADV beautifully, prettily; beleria N 

beauty salon, beauty shop, beauty parlor (US), beauty 

parlour (Br); beleta N pretty thing, pretty one; beli VI 

become beautiful; VT beautify, make beautiful, 

embellish; N beautification; belia N beauty, loveliness, 

prettiness; estrema bela ADJ exquisite, extremely 

beautiful; multe bela ADJ very beautiful, gorgeous, 

ravishing 

beladona N belladonna, deadly nightshade (plant: species 

Atropa belladona) 

Belau N Palau; belau ADJ N Palauan 

belga ADJ N Belgic (of the Belgae, a Celtic tribe) 

Beliz N Belize; belizan ADJ N Belizian 

Beljia N Belgium; beljes ADJ N Belgian (person) 

beltain N beltane (pagan holiday) 

beluga N beluga, white whale (whale: species 

Delphinapterus leucas) 

bemol ADJ N flat (music) 

ben N item for sale; commodity; beneria N warehouse, 

storehouse, repository; benes N PL goods, wares, 

merchandise, commodities; benes de arjento N PL

silverware; benes de coce N PL cookware; benes de 

cose N PL notions (US), haberdashery (Br); benes de 

cosina N PL kitchenware; benes dorada N PL giltware; 

benes furada N PL stolen goods, booty, loot; benes 

nonlegal N PL illegal goods, contraband 

benedictin ADJ N Benedictine 

benefica VI benefit, gain advantage; VT benefit, give 

advantage to, favour; N benefit, sake; beneficada N 

beneficiary; beneficante ADJ beneficial; beneficor N 

benefactor; es beneficada par V benefit from, enjoy 

(the use of) 

Benin N Benin; benines ADJ N Beninese, Beninois 

(person) 

berber ADJ N Berber 

berberis N barberry, berberis (plant: genus Berberis) 

bercelio N berkelium (element) 

bereta N beret 

berilio N beryllium (element) 

Bermuda N Bermuda; bermudan ADJ N Bermudan 

(person) 

besa VT kiss; N kiss; beseta V peck, lightly kiss; N peck, 

light kiss 

bestia N beast (non-human animal); bestia imajinal N 

imaginary beast; bestial ADJ bestial (pertaining to nonhuman 

animals); bestias N PL beasts, livestock 

beta N beet, beetroot (plant, vegetable: species Beta 

vulgaris) 

beta N beta (Greek letter); a beta ADV in beta; varia de 

beta N beta version 

beton N concrete 

betul N birch (tree: genus Bertula) 

bevi VT drink; bevable ADJ drinkable; beveria N drinking 

establishment (e.g. pub, cafe); bevida N drink, 

beverage; bevida de alcol N alcoholic drink; bevida 

sin alcol N nonalcoholic drink 

Biblia N Bible; biblial ADJ biblical 

bibliofil N bibliophile; bibliofilia N bibliophilia 

bibliografia N bibliography; bibliografial ADJ 

bibliographical; bibliografiste N bibliographer 

biblioteca N library; bibliotecor N librarian 

bicameral ADJ bicameral 

bicini N bikini 

bide N bidet 

biela N connecting rod 

Bielarus N Belarus; bielarusce ADJ N Belarusian 

bies N bias (of fabric) 

bifasal ADJ biphasic 

bigamia N bigamy; bigamiste ADJ bigamous; N bigamist 

bilabial ADJ N bilabial (consonant) 

biladal ADJ bilateral, two-sided 

bilbi N bilby (mammal: species Macrotis lagotis) 

bile N bile, gall; bilal ADJ bilious, biliary 

bileta N ticket, coupon, voucher, bill (paper money), note, 

banknote; bileta de rasca N scratchcard; bileta de 

rasca e gania N scratchcard (for instant lottery); bileta 

de un dirije N one-way ticket; bileta de vade e 

reveni N round-trip ticket, return ticket; biletor N ticket 

collector 

biliardo N billiards, pool, snooker; biliardo american N 

pool; biliardo engles N snooker; biliardo franses N 

carom billiards; biliardor billiards player 

bilingual ADJ bilingual 

bilion DET (a) billion; ADJ billionth (ordinal); bilioni VI VT 

split into a billion parts; N billionth (fraction) 

binaria ADJ binary 

binoculo N (pair of) binoculars; binoculal ADJ binocular 

binomio N binomial; binomial ADJ binomial 

biocimica N biochemistry; biocimical ADJ biochemical 

biocombustable N biofuel 

biodegrada VI biodegrade; N biodegradation; 

biodegradante ADJ biodegradable 

biodiversa ADJ biodiverse; biodiversia N biodiversity 

biofil ADJ biophilic; N biophile; biofilia N biophilia 

biofisica N biophysics 

biografia N biography; autobiografia N autobiography, 

memoires; autobiografial ADJ autobiographical, 

autobiographic; biografial ADJ biographical, biographic; 

biografiste N biographer 

biojenera N biogenesis 

biolojia N biology; biolojial ADJ biological; biolojiste N 

biologist 

biomasa N biomass 

biomecanica N biomechanics 

biometria N biometrics; biometrial ADJ biometric, 

biometrical 

bionica N bionics 

biopsia N biopsy 

bioritmo N biorhythm 

biosfera N biosphere 

biosintese N biosynthesis 

biotecnolojia N biotechnology 

bipedal ADJ bipedal; N biped 

biplana N biplane 

bipolal ADJ bipolar 

bir N beer; bir forte N stout; bireria N brewery; biror N 

brewer 

biscoto N cookie (US), biscuit (Br), cracker 

bisel N bevel; biseli VT bevel, chamfer 

bisepe N biceps 

bisesal ADJ bisexual; bisesalia N bisexuality 

bisicle N bicycle; bisicle de motor N motorized bicycle, 

moped; bisicle de reclina N recumbent bicycle 

bismuto N bismuth (element) 

bison N bison (mammal: genus Bison) 

bispo N bishop (including chess); bispal ADJ episcopal; 

bispia N bishopric, diocese 

bistro N bistro 

17

isturi N scalpel 

bitio N bit, binary digit 

bitume N bitumen, asphalt (viscous pitch) 

bivaca VI bivouac; N bivouac encampment 

bivalvo N bivalve 

bizantian ADJ Byzantine 

bizara ADJ bizarre, outlandish 

blanca ADJ N white (color); blanca de ovo N egg white; 

blanceta N whitefly (insect: superfamily Aleyrodoidea); 

blanci VI whiten; VT whiten, bleach; blancinte ADJ 

whitening; N bleach, whitener 

blanda ADJ bland, mild, weak (food, medicine); insipid 

blasfema VI swear, curse, blaspheme; N sacrilege, 

profanation, blasphemy; blasfemal ADJ sacrilegious, 

profane, blasphemous 

blinda VT armor-plate (US), armour-plate (Br); 

blindada ADJ armored (US), armoured (Br), armourplated 

(US), armor-plated (Br) 

blini N (singular) blintz, blini 

bloco N block (chunk, slab, obstacle, political alliance, 

buildings between streets); bloci VT block, obstruct; 

bloco de desinias N sketch pad; bloco de paper N pad 

of paper 

blog N blog, web log; blogi VT blog; blogor N blogger, 

blog author 

blogosfera N blogosphere 

blonde ADJ blonde, blond, fair-haired, fair; N blonde; 

blanca blonde ADJ N platinum blonde; blondia N 

blondness; roja blonde ADJ N strawberry blonde 

blu ADJ N dark blue, navy (color); blu de sielo ADJ N sky 

blue; bluin ADJ bluish, blueish; blus N PL blues (music) 

blueta N cornflower, bluet (plant: genus Centaurea) 

boa N boa (snake, scarf) 

bobin N spool, reel, bobbin; bobini VT spool, wind; 

rebobini V wind back, rewind 

bobo ADJ silly, goofy, corny; N booby, gannet (bird: genus 

Sula, genus Morus); bobia N silliness, tomfoolery 

boca N mouth (anatomy, river); boca de venti N vent; 

boca plen N mouthful; bocal ADJ oral, buccal, of the 

mouth; boceta N nozzle, showerhead 

boctxoi N bok choy 

Bod N Tibet (also Tibet); bod ADJ N Tibetan (person, 

language) 

bodi N bodysuit, body, teddy, leotard; bodi de bebe N 

onesie (US), babygro (Br); bodi de nada N one-piece 

swimsuit; bodi de sporte N leotard; bodi longa N 

bodystocking, unitard 

bodisatva N bodhisattva 

bodjpuri ADJ N Bhojpuri (language) 

Boemia N Bohemia 

bogi N bogie (wheel system) 

bohrio N bohrium (element) 

boia N buoy 

boia ADJ N Boiian (of the Boii, a Celtic tribe) 

boicota VT boycott; N boycott 

18 

bol N basin, bowl; bol de salada N salad bowl 

bola VI bubble, effervesce; N bubble; bolante ADJ 

bubbling, effervescent 

bolero N bolero 

boli VI boil, seethe; VT (cause to) boil; boli lenta V 

simmer; bolinte ADJ boiling 

bolide N bolide (meteor) 

boling N bowling (ten-pin) 

Bolivia N Bolivia; bolivian ADJ N Bolivian 

bolo N lawn bowling, bowls, bocce, pétanque 

bolsa N handbag, pouch, purse (US), pocketbook; 

bolseta N wallet, purse (Br); bolson N rucksack, 

backpack, knapsack; bolsonor N backpacker 

bolxevic ADJ N bolshevik 

boma N boom (spar on a boat) 

bomba N bomb; bomba de idrojen N hydrogen bomb, Hbomb; 

bomba programida N time bomb; bombador N 

bomber (aircraft); bombeta N mine (bomb); 

bombetador N minelayer; bombi VT bomb; bombor N 

bomber (person), bombadier; desbombetor N deminer; 

planta bombetas V mine, plant mines 

bombarda VT bombard; N bombardment, bombing 

bombisila N waxwing (bird: genus Bombycilla) 

bon ADJ good, nice; valid; ADV well, nicely; INTERJ well; 

good, OK, okay; autoboni N self-improvement; boni VI 

become good, improve; VT improve, revamp, 

ameliorate; N improvement; bonia N goodness; 

bonida ADJ improved; fa la plu bon cual on pote V do 

one's best; la plu bon ADJ best; ma bon INTERJ oh well 

(resigned acceptance); multe bon ADJ very good, 

excellent, primo, top-notch; plu bon ADJ better, 

preferable; ADV preferably, rather 

bon- PREF good-, well- [added to a verb: perform the 

action in a good, often specialized, way (bonodori; 

bondise)] 

bondi VI bound, bounce; rebondi V rebound, bounce back 

bongo N bongo (drum) 

bongo N bongo (antelope: species Tragelaphus eurycerus) 

bonsai N bonsai 

boraja N borage (plant: genus Borago) 

borda N edge, border, brink, verge; brim (hat); borda de 

paseria N curb (US), kerb (Br); borda fronte N peak 

(cap); bordi VT border 

bordel N brothel; bordelor N brothelkeeper, madam 

bordo ADJ N maroon (color) 

boro N boron (element) 

borxt N borshch 

bosanova N bossa nova (dance) 

bosce N copse, grove, small wood, orchard; bosce de 

frutas N orchard; bosceta N thicket, bushes; subosce N 

undergrowth, scrub, brushwood (low-growing 

vegetation) 

Bosnia N Bosnia; bosansce ADJ N Bosnian (person, 

language); Bosnia e Hersegovina N Bosnia and 

Herzegovina

oson N boson 

bota N boot (footwear); bota de cauxo N rubber boot, 

wellington, welly, gumboot 

botanica N botany; botanical ADJ botanical; 

botaniciste N botanist 

bote N can, tin (container); boteria N cannery; boti VT 

can, tin (preserve in a can); botida ADJ canned, tinned 

boteca N shop, store, boutique, commercial unit; boteca 

completa N one-stop shop; boteca de cose N fabric 

store (US), haberdasher's (Br); boteca de departes N 

department store; boteca de utiles N tool shop, 

hardware store, ironmonger's; boteca descontante N 

discount store; botecor N shopkeeper 

botela N bottle; botela de acua N water bottle, canteen; 

boteleta N phial, vial; boteli VT bottle 

boton N button, knob; boton de presa N snap fastener, 

press stud, popper; botoni VT button; desbotoni V 

unbutton 

Botsuana N Botswana; tsuana ADJ N Botswanan 

(person), Tswana (language) 

bove N ox, cow, bull, bovine (mammal: genus Bos); 

boval ADJ bovine; bove fema N cow; bove mas N bull; 

boves N PL cattle; boveta N calf; bovor N cowherd, 

cowboy; la Bove N Taurus (constellation) 

boxe VT box (sport); N boxing (sport); boxe de pede V 

kickbox; N kickboxing; boxor N boxer (sport); boxor 

de pede N kickboxer 

bradipo N sloth (mammal: family Megalonychidae and 

family Bradypodidae) 

brancia N gill 

brandi VT brandish, flourish, wave (an object); brandi per 

colpa V swing at 

brasa N ember 

brasaleta N bracelet 

brasero N brazier 

Brasil N Brazil; brasilera ADJ N Brazilian (person) 

braso N arm; braseta N bracket, parenthesis 

(punctuation); braseta angulo N angle bracket 

(punctuation); braseta curva N round bracket, 

parenthesis; braseta reta N square bracket 

(punctuation); braseta risada N curly bracket, brace 

(punctuation); braseti VT bracket; brasetida ADJ 

bracketed; ADV in brackets; N parenthesis, parenthetical 

phrase; braso alta N upper arm; braso basa N forearm; 

en brasetas ADJ in brackets, parenthetical; ADV in 

brackets, parenthetically, by the way 

brava ADJ decent, worthy, gallant; INTERJ bravo 

brecdansa VI breakdance; N breakdance, breakdancing 

Bres N Brittany; bresonica ADJ N Breton (person, 

language) 

bretela N suspender (US), brace (Br) (for trousers; usually 

pluralized); shoulder strap (one of pair); breteleta N 

spaghetti strap, noodle strap 

breviario N breviary 

bricabrac N junk, odds and ends, bric-a-brac; 

bricabraceria N junk shop, charity shop 

brice N brick; brice de beton N concrete block, cement 

block; brice de sene N cinder block, breeze block, 

besser block; brici VT brick, brick up 

bricola VI do odd jobs; N DIY, do-it-yourself; bricoleta VI 

putter about (US), potter about (Br) 

brida N bridle; bridi VT bridle; desbridi V unbridle 

brigada N brigade; brigador N brigadier 

brij N bridge (game) 

brilia VI shine, glitter, sparkle, scintillate, gleam, glint; VT 

cause to shine, polish; N brilliance, splendor (US), 

splendour (Br); sparkle, glare, dazzle; brilia de mente N 

brainwave, brainstorm; briliamobila (comp) N furniture 

polish; briliante ADJ shining, shiny, bright, brilliant, 

splendid; briliasapato (comp) N shoe polish; brilieta N 

sheen, glow, luster (US), lustre (Br); cuantia de brilia N 

brightness; magnitude (astronomy) 

brinca VI N hop, skip, gambol, caper, flit; 

brincacorda (comp) N skipping (game); 

brincacuadro (comp) N hopscotch; 

brincadorso (comp) N leapfrog 

brinda VT N toast (raise glasses) 

briox N brioche 

Britan N Britain, Britannia; brites ADJ British (person, 

language); N Briton, Brit 

Britania N Britannia (goddess) 

broca N drill bit 

brocol N broccoli (plant, vegetable: species Brassica 

oleracea) 

brode VT embroider; N embroidery 

broma VI joke, jest, tease; N joke, gag, tease; broma de 

parolas N pun, play on words; bromor N joker, jester, 

comedian; bromosa ADJ jocular, facetious 

bromelia N bromeliad (plant: family Bromeliaceae) 

bromo N bromine (element) 

bronciol N bronchiole 

broncite N bronchitis 

bronco N bronchus; broncal ADJ bronchial 

bronze N bronze; tan, suntan; bronzi VI VT tan 

brosa N brush, paintbrush; brosa de dentes N toothbrush; 

brosi VT brush; groom (dog, cat, horse) 

broto N bud (knob-like growth); broti VI bud 

brox N brooch 

brun ADJ N brown (color); brunette; brun pal N light 

brown, beige (color); brun rojin N reddish brown, 

auburn; bruni VI turn brown; VT bruise; N bruise; 

brunin ADJ brownish; pal brun ADJ light brown, beige 

(color) 

Brune N Brunei; brune ADJ N Bruneian (person) 

bruta ADJ rough (marble, estimate), coarse, untreated, 

uncut (gem), unrefined (sugar), unfinished, crude, gross 

(national product, income, profit, tax, tonnage); 

uncouth, brutish, boorish; N brute, boor, lout, ruffian 

bu N owl (bird: order Strigiformes) 

bubon N bubo, swollen lymph node; bubonal ADJ 

bubonic 

buce N bouquet, nosegay 

19

uco N hole, gap, breach; buco de clave N keyhole; buco 

de cloaca N manhole; buco de verme N wormhole; 

buco negra N black hole 

buda N buddha; budisme N Buddhism; budiste N 

Buddhist 

budlia N buddleia 

bufalo N water buffalo (mammal: genus Bubalus) 

bufe N buffet 

bufon N clown, buffoon, jester; joker, wildcard (including 

software); catch-all 

bugainvilea N bougainvillea (plant: genus Bougainvillea) 

bugi N boogie, boogie-woogie 

buiabes N bouillabaisse 

bujia N spark plug 

bula N blister 

bulbo N bulb (light); bulb (of plant) 

bulbul N bulbul (bird: family Pycnonotidae) 

bulimia N bulimia; bulimica ADJ N bulimic 

bulion N bouillon, broth, stock (for making soup) 

bulon N bolt (including nut); buloni VT bolt (join with 

bolts) 

bulto N bulge, bump, lump, protuberance; bultosa ADJ 

bumpy, lumpy 

buma VI N boom (increase explosively); buma de 

bebes N baby boom; buma economial N economic 

boom; Buma Grande N Big Bang (astronomy) 

bumerang N boomerang 

buncer N bunker (military) 

bur N butter; bur de aracide N peanut butter; buri VT 

butter 

burca N burka 

Burcina Faso N Burkina Faso; burcinabe ADJ N 

Burkinabé (person) 

bure N bourrée, bourée (music, dance) 

burges ADJ bourgeois, middle-class; burgesia N 

bourgeoisie, middle class 

Burgonia N Burgundy; burgonia N burgundy (wine); 

burgonin ADJ burgundy (color) 

burgunda ADJ N Burgundian (Germanic tribe) 

buril N burr, burin, dental tool, engraving tool 

burino N thick-knee, stone-curlew, dikkops (wading bird: 

family Burhinidae) 

burito N burrito 

burla VT taunt, tease, mock, jeer; N taunt, mockery, 

ridicule 

Burma N Burma, Myanmar (also Miama); burman ADJ 

Burmese (person, language) 

buro N desk (with drawers), bureau (furniture) 

burocrata ADJ bureaucratic; N bureaucrat; burocratia N 

bureaucracy 

bursa N bursa (anatomy) 

bursite N bursitis 

Burundi N Burundi; burundes ADJ N Burundian (person) 

20 

bus N bus (vehicle) 

busino N whelk (mollusc: primarily family Buccinidae) 

busola N compass (for finding north); la Busola N Pyxis 

(constellation) 

bustier N bustier 

busto N bust (sculpture) 

bustrofedon ADJ N boustrophedon 

Butan N Bhutan (also Druciul); butan ADJ N Bhutanese, 

Bhutanse 

butano N butane 

bux N box tree, boxwood (tree: genus Buxus) 

buzuci N bouzouki (string instrument) 

bzzz INTERJ buzz (bee) 

C 

C /ce/ N C (letter, musical note) 

ca PREP CONJ (comparison) than 

caa-caa INTERJ caw, crow (crow) 

cabal N cabal 

cabana N cabin, hut, shed, cabana; cabana bruta N shack, 

hovel 

cabare N cabaret 

cabestro N halter 

cabuci N kabuki 

caca N crap, poop, poo (informal: dung, worthless 

rubbish); caci VT crap (informal: defecate) 

cacara VI N cackle; cacareta V N chuckle 

cacatu N cockatoo (bird: family Cacatuidae) 

cacau N cocoa, cacao 

caci N khaki, persimmon (tree, fruit: genus Diospyros) 

cacto N cactus (plant, family Cactaceae) 

cada DET each, every, any; PRON each; a cada caso ADV 

in any case, whatever, yet, nonetheless, nevertheless; a 

cada loca ADV everywhere; wherever; a cada 

matina ADV every morning; a cada ora ADV always, at 

all times; whenever; a cada parte ADV everywhere, 

throughout; a cada ves ADV every time, always; at any 

time; a un ves en cada poca de anios ADV once every 

few years; cada cosa PRON everything; whatever 

cade VI fall, fall down, tip over, topple, collapse; crash 

(aircraft); VT fell, knock over; drop; omit; N fall, 

collapse; cade a jenos V fall to one's knees, kneel 

down; cade a tera V fall to earth; crash (aircraft); fa ce 

(un cosa) cade V fell, knock over; lasa ce (un cosa) 

cade V drop; omit 

cadena N chain (including of shops, hotels); range (of 

mountains); string (of characters); cadena de 

construi N assembly line; cadena de verbos N verb 

chain (e.g. pote vide, permete el entra); cadena 

vacua N empty string, null string (software); cadeni VT 

chain

cadmio N cadmium (element) 

caduca ADJ deciduous 

cadun PRON everyone, everybody; anyone, anybody 

cafe N coffee (plant, seeds, drink: species Coffea 

arabica); cafe con lete N coffee with milk, white 

coffee; cafe con lete calda N coffee with hot milk, café 

au lait; cafe pronto N instant coffee; caferia N cafe, 

coffee shop, canteen 

cafia N keffiyeh, kaffiyeh 

cafina N caffeine; cafini VT caffeinate; N caffeination; 

descafini V decaffeinate; N decaffeination 

caftan N kaftan 

caiman N cayman (reptile: genus Caiman) 

caje N cage; caje de coneo N rabbit hutch 

cala N (ship's) hold 

Calalitnunat N Greenland (also Gronland); calalit ADJ 

Greenlandic; N Greenlander 

calamar N squid (cephalopod: order Teuthida) 

calaza N chalaza (part of egg) 

calcario N limestone 

calce N lime; calci VI calcify; N calcification 

calcolitica ADJ N Chalcolithic 

calcula VT calculate, reckon, work out; N calculation, 

reckoning; calculador N calculator; malcalcula V 

miscalculate 

calculo N pebble; counter (game piece), calculus 

(mathematics); stone (medical); calculos N PL pebbles, 

gravel 

calda ADJ hot; caldador N heater, furnace; caldi VI heat, 

warm; N heating, warming; caldi global N global 

warming; caldia N heat, warmth; ja caldida ADJ 

preheated; vera calda ADJ fervent 

caldera N kettle, boiler; calderon N cauldron 

Caledonia Nova N New Caledonia; caledonian ADJ N 

Caledonian 

calendario N calendar 

calia VI VT curdle; caliada ADJ curdled; N curd; 

caliante ADJ curdling; N curdling agent 

calibre N calibre 

calico N calico 

calidoscopio N kaleidoscope; calidoscopial ADJ 

kaleidoscopic 

calidris N stint, sandpiper (wading bird: family 

Scolopacidae) 

califa N caliph; caliphate 

californio N californium (element) 

caligrafia N calligraphy, artistic writing 

calimba N kalimba (African instrument) 

calio N rennet 

calipso ADJ N calypso (music) 

calix N chalice, calyx; Calix Santa N Holy Grail 

calma ADJ calm, still, tranquil, sedate, quiescent; calmi VI 

calm, settle, subside; VT calm, becalm, settle, soothe, 

reassure, tranquilize (US), tranquillize (Br); calmia N 

calm, calmness, stillness, quiescence; calminte ADJ 

calming, tranquilizing (US), tranquillizing (Br); 

calmitose N cough syrup; medisin calminte N 

tranquilizer (US), tranquillizer (Br) 

calo N callus, callous, corn; calosa ADJ callous, 

insensitive, cruel, hardened 

caloria N calorie 

calsa N stocking; calsas N PL hosiery, hose; calseta N 

sock, short stocking; calsetas N PL hose; calson N 

(pair of) tights, pantyhose; calson sin pedes N (pair of) 

leggings 

calsio N calcium (element) 

caluna N heather (plant, genus Calluna) 

calva ADJ bald, hairless; calvi VI become bald, go bald; VT 

make bald; calvia N baldness; calvinte ADJ balding 

calviniste ADJ N Calvinist; calvinisme N Calvinism 

camaleon N chameleon (lizard: family Chamaeleonidae); 

la Camaleon N Chamaeleon (constellation) 

cambia VI change, transform; VT change, transform, 

amend, convert; replace (A a B = A with B); cash (a 

check), cash in; N change, transformation, amendment; 

calda cambiable ADJ hot-swappable; cambia calda V 

hot-swap; cambia de clima N climate change; cambia 

la grandia V resize; cambiable ADJ changeable; 

cambion N upheaval, sea change; intercambia VT 

exchange, interchange, swap, trade, transact, share; N 

exchange, interchange, swap, trade, transaction; par 

intercambia per PREP in return for; par 

intercambia ADV in return 

cambrian ADJ N cambrian 

camel N camel (mammal: genus Camelus); camelor N 

camel driver, camel rider, cameleer 

camelia N camellia (plant: genus Camellia) 

cameo N cameo (jewellery); cameo appearance (by actor) 

camera N camera; chamber, room; camera compata N 

compact camera; camera de aira N inner tube (of 

tire/tyre); camera de ueb N webcam; camera pronto N 

instant camera; camera vijilante N CCTV camera; 

cameror N chambermaid, valet 

camerada N comrade, companion, compatriot; camerada 

de aparte N flatmate, roommate; camerada de sala N 

roommate; camerada de selula N cellmate, cubemate; 

cameradia N comradeship 

Camerun N Cameroon; camerunes ADJ N Cameroonian 

camfor N camphor 

camion N truck, lorry; camioneta N pickup, van; 

camioni VT ship (transport by truck); camionor N 

trucker, truck driver, lorry driver 

camisa N shirt, blouse; camisa de juta N hairshirt, cilice; 

camisa de note N nightgown, nightdress; camisa de 

nuca N halterneck (top), haltertop; camisa de polo N 

polo shirt; camisa de sera N dress shirt; camisa T N Tshirt, 

tee-shirt; camiseta N undershirt, camisole; T-shirt, 

tee-shirt; camiseta corta N crop top, belly shirt, halfshirt; 

camiseta de atleta N tank top (US), vest (Br), 

singlet, sleeveless T-shirt, sleeveless tee-shirt, muscle 

shirt; camiseta gainin N tube top (US), boob tube (Br); 

camison N tunic, smock, smock-frock; camison 

21

lanca N alb; camison de restrinje N straitjacket 

camofla VT camouflage; N camouflage 

camomila N camomile 

campa VI camp, encamp, bivouac; N camping; camp, 

bivouac, temporary shelter; campa de consentra N 

concentration camp; campa de labora N slave labor 

camp (US), slave labour camp (Br); campa de mata N 

death camp; campa de prisoni N prison camp; 

camperia N campsite 

campana N bell, chime; campaneria N bell tower, 

campanile; campaneta N handbell, doorbell 

campania N countryside, rural area; campanial ADJ rural, 

rustic, country, bucolic; ADV rurally, rustically; 

campanian N rural person, country dweller, peasant; 

campanian feudal N serf 

campania VI N campaign (political, military, advertising); 

campanior N campaigner 

campanula N bluebell, bellflower, harebell (plant: genus 

Campanula) 

campefaje N cuckoo shrike (bird: family Campephagidae) 

campidanes ADJ N Campidanese 

campion N champion, winner; sucampion N runner-up 

campo N field (grass; knowledge); pitch, course (for 

sport); campo bancal N banking sector; campo de 

avion N airfield, aerodrome; campo de batalia N 

battlefield, battleground; campo de bombetas N 

minefield (including metaphorical); campo de 

criceta N cricket pitch; campo de futbal N football 

pitch, soccer pitch; campo de gera N battlefield; 

campo de golf N golf course; campo de jua N playing 

field; campo de ris N paddy, rice field; campo de 

sporte N sports field; campo de vide N field of vision; 

campo privata N private sector; en la campo de 

oia ADV within earshot; en la campo de vide ADV in 

the field of vision, within eyeshot; sucampo N subfield 

(knowledge) 

Camputxa N Cambodia; camputxa ADJ N Cambodian 

camusa N chamois (mammal: species Rupicapra 

rupicapra) 

can N dog (mammal: species Canis familiaris); can de 

pastor N sheepdog; can de pastor deutx N German 

shepherd dog, Alsatian; can de prado N prairie dog 

(mammal: genus Cynomys); caneria N kennel, 

doghouse; caneta N puppy, pup, doggie; la Can 

Grande N Canis Major (constellation); la Can Peti N 

Canis Minor (constellation); la Canes de Xasa N PL 

Canes Venatici (constellation) 

cana N reed, cane (tall grasses of order Poales); rod 

(fishing); cana de zucar N sugarcane (plant genus 

Saccharum) 

canaba N hemp, cannabis, marijuana (plant, material: 

species Cannabis sativa) 

Canada N Canada; canadian ADJ N Canadian 

canada ADJ N Kannada (language) 

canal N canal, channel, ditch, duct; canaleta N gutter (of 

street, roof) 

Canan N Canaan; cananes ADJ N Canaanite (person, 

language) 

22 

canape N canapé 

canario N canary (bird: genus Crithagra, genus Serinus) 

candela N candle; candela (measure) 

candelabro N candelabra, chandelier 

canela N cinnamon (spice, plant: genus Cinnamomum) 

cangaru N kangaroo (mammal: genus Macropus) 

canibal N cannibal; canibalisme N cannibalism 

canion N canyon, gorge, ravine, chasm; gap (to be 

bridged metaphorically) 

canji N kanji 

canoa N canoe; canoisme /cano-isme/ N canoeing; 

canoiste /cano-iste/ N canoeist; vade par canoa V 

canoe 

canon N cannon; canonor N cannoneer, cannonier, 

artilleryman 

cansela VT cancel, revoke, abrogate, erase; N cancellation, 

abrogation, erasure; cansela se enscrive V 

unsubscribe; canselador N canceller (US), canceler 

(Br) (device) 

canselor N chancellor 

canser N cancer; canserosa ADJ cancerous, malignant; 

noncanserosa ADJ noncancerous, benign 

canta VT sing; N song; canta de cuna N lullaby; canta 

lenta V N chant; canta sincrona N mime, lip-sync; 

cantada N cantata, song (score and lyrics); cantor N 

singer; songbird, warbler (bird: various families of 

order Passeriformes); cantor fondal N backing singer; 

cantor sincrona N playback singer, lip-syncher 

cantilever N cantilever 

canto N street corner (general area); canton N canton 

caodaiste /caoda-iste/ ADJ N Caodaist; 

caodaisme /caodaisme/ N Caodaism 

caos N chaos, tumult; caososa ADJ chaotic 

capa N cape, cloak; capeta N hood (of garment); hood 

(US), bonnet (Br) (of vehicle); capeta de motor N hood 

(US), bonnet (Br) (of vehicle); capi VT cape, cloak 

capa N kappa (Greek letter) 

capara N caper (plant: species Capparis spinosa) 

capas ADJ able, capable, adept, efficient, skilled, 

competent, professional; ave la capasia V be qualified; 

capas de susede ADJ capable of success, viable; 

capasi VI become capable; VT enable; capasia N talent, 

skill, knack, ability, capacity, power, faculty (power); 

performance (measurement); capasia eletrical N 

capacitance; descapasi V disable, impair; 

descapasia N disability, handicap; descapasida ADJ 

disabled, handicapped, impaired, crippled; N disabled 

person, handicapped person; noncapas ADJ unable, 

incapable, powerless; noncapasia N inability; 

recapasi V reenable, rehabilitate; N rehabilitation 

capel N hair (head, single strand); capeleria N 

barbershop, hair salon; capeles N PL hairs, hair 

(collectively); capeles erisin N PL spiked hair 

(hairstyle); capeles irocuoi N PL mohawk (US), 

mohican (Br) (hairstyle); capeles lisa N PL straight 

hair; capeles militar N PL military haircut, buzz cut, 

crew cut; capeles rastafari N PL dreadlocks (hairstyle);

capeles risada N PL curly hair; capeleta N hair (face or 

body, single); capeletas N PL hair (face or body, 

collectively); capeletas de jena N PL sideburns, 

sideboards; capeletosa ADJ hairy (face and/or body); 

capelor N hairdresser, barber; capelosa ADJ hairy 

(head); la Capeles de Berenise N PL Coma Berenices 


capibara N capybara (mammal: species Hydrochoerus 

hydrochaeris) 

capilar ADJ N capillary 

capital ADJ N capital (city, economics); capital riscosa N 

venture capital; capitali VT capitalize; capitalisme N 

capitalism; capitaliste N capitalist 

capital N capital (architecture) 

capitan N captain, leader 

capitol N chapter (of book) 

capo N headland, cape, promontory; Capo Verde N Cape 

Verde; capoverdean ADJ N Cape Verdean 

caporal N corporal (military) 

capra N goat (mammal: genus Capra); capreta N kid 

(young goat); la Capra N Capricorn (constellation) 

capri VI rear up; do a wheelie, pull a wheelie; N wheelie 

caprifolia N honeysuckle (plant: genus Lonicera) 

caprimuljo N goatsucker, nightjar (bird: family 

Caprimulgidae) 

capris N caprice, whim; caprisia N capriciousness, 

whimsy; caprisosa ADJ capricious, whimsical 

capsula N capsule 

capuxin N capuchin (primate: genus Cebus) 

capuxino N cappuccino 

car CONJ because 

cara ADJ dear, beloved, cherished, darling, cute; 

expensive, costly; N dear, beloved, darling; cari VI 

endear oneself; VT endear 

caracal N caracal (mammal: species Caracal caracal) 

caracol N snail (mollusc with coiled shell: class 

Gastropoda); at sign () 

caradrio N plover (wading bird: subfamily Charadriinae) 

carafa N jug, pitcher, carafe; carafon N large container 

with spout; carafon de acua N watering can; carafon 

de gasolina N gasoline can, gas can 

caramel N caramel; caramel dur N toffee; carameli VI VT 

caramelize 

caraoce N karaoke 

carate N karate; carator N karateka, practitioner of karate 

carater N character (nature, fiction, mythology), 

personality 

carato N karat 

caravan N caravan (travelers in desert, towed vehicle); 

trailer, camper 

carboidrato /carbo-idrato/ N carbohydrate 

carbon N coal; carbon bitumosa N bituminous coal; 

carbon de lenio N charcoal 

carboniferosa ADJ N carboniferous 

carbono N carbon (element); carboni VI carbonize, char 

carbura VT carburate; N carburation; carburador N 

carburettor; carburante ADJ carburating; N fuel (for 

engine) 

cardamom N cardamom (spice, plant: genus Amomum, 

genus Elettaria) 

cardeta N European goldfinch (bird: species Carduelis 

carduelis) 

cardial ADJ cardiac 

cardinal ADJ cardinal; N cardinal (church, bird: genus 

Cardinalis) 

cardiografia N cardiography 

cardiolojia N cardiology 

cardiomiopatia N cardiomyopathy 

cardiopatia N cardiopathy 

cardiotonica ADJ cardiotonic 

cardiotosica ADJ cardiotoxic 

cardiovascular ADJ cardiovascular 

cardo N thistle (plant: tribe Cynareae) 

caren ADJ N Karen (language) 

carera N career, calling, occupation, job, profession, 

vocation; careror N career man, career woman 

caresa VT caress, stroke, fondle, pet 

carga VT load, stow, ship; upload; charge (electrically); 

burden, afflict, subject; N burden, cargo, freight, 

shipment; upload; charge (including electric); carga de 

labora N workload; cargosa ADJ burdensome; 

descarga V unload, discharge; download; N download; 

descarga la vason V flush the toilet; plen cargada ADJ 

fully loaded, fully charged; recarga V recharge; 

supracarga V overload 

cari N curry 

caribe ADJ N Carib (language) 

caribean ADJ Caribbean; Mar Caribean N Caribbean Sea 

carilion N carillon 

cariofilo N carnation (plant: species Dianthus 

caryophyllus) 

carisma N charisma; carismal ADJ charismatic (religion); 

carismosa ADJ charismatic 

carita N alms, almsgiving, charity; carital ADJ charitable, 

charity; N charitable person, charitable organization, 

charity 

carma N karma 

carmesi ADJ N crimson (color) 

carnaval N carnival, festival, fiesta 

carne N meat, flesh; carne de avia N fowl, poultry (meat); 

carne de bove N beef; carne de boveta N veal; carne 

de gal N chicken (meat); carne de ovea N mutton; 

carne de oveta N lamb (meat); carne de porco N ham, 

pork; carne de servo N venison; carne de xasa N 

game (meat); carne fumida N smoked meat, cured 

meat; carne moleda N ground meat; carne pico 

axida N minced meat; carne salosa N salted meat, 

cured meat; carne secida N dried meat, cured meat, 

jerky; carneria N butcher's shop; carnor N butcher; 

carnor de avia N poulterer; carnosa ADJ fleshy, meaty, 

beefy 

23

carnivor ADJ carnivorous; N carnivore 

caro N cart, carriage, wagon, trolley; carriage (of 

typewriter); careta N wheelbarrow; careta de bebe N 

stroller, buggy, pushchair; careta de compra N 

shopping cart, shopping trolley; caro de bebe N baby 

carriage, pram; caro de carnaval N carnival float; caro 

de leva N lift truck, fork-lift truck, sideloader, stacker 

truck; caro de parada N parade float; caron N chariot; 

caronor N charioteer; la Caronor N Auriga 


caron N caron, háček, haček (diacritic) 

caronia N carrion 

carota N carrot (plant, root: species Daucus carota) 

carotide ADJ carotid 

carpa N carp (fish: subfamily Cyprininae) 

carpenta VT carpenter; N carpentry; carpentor N 

carpenter, joiner, woodworker (making light objects 

such as furniture and doors); carpentor de teto N 

joiner (building roofs) 

carpo N carpus; carpal ADJ carpal 

carta N card; a la carta ADV à la carte (menu); carta 

blanca N carte blanche; carta de credito N credit card; 

carta de identia N identity card, ID card; carta de 

memoria N memory card; carta de notas N message 

board, bulletin board, noticeboard; carta de oras N 

timetable; carta de telefon N phone card; carta de 

Valentin N valentine; carta madral N motherboard (of 

computer); carta postal N postcard; carton N 

cardboard, posterboard; placard; carton ondin N 

corrugated cardboard 

Cartago N Carthage 

cartamo N safflower (plant, species Carthamus tinctorius) 

cartilaje N cartilage, gristle; cartilajosa ADJ cartilaginous, 

gristly 

cartun N cartoon (not animated); banda de cartunes N 

comic strip, cartoon strip; cartunes N PL comics; 

cartuniste N cartoonist 

cartusia N charterhouse, Carthusian monastery; 

cartusian ADJ N Carthusian 

cartux N cartouche; cartridge; casing, shell (ammunition) 

caruncula N caruncle, wattle, dewlap 

carusel N carousel (including conveyor belt), merry-goround, 

roundabout 

carvi N caraway (plant, species Carum carvi) 

casa N house, home, household; a casa ADV at home; 

homeward, homewards, home; a casa de PREP at the 

house of, in the house of; casa campanian N country 

house, villa; caseta N cottage; cason N mansion; 

descasi VT evict; en casa ADV indoors; sin casa ADJ 

ADV homeless 

casca N skin, hull, peel (of fruit), rind (of fruit), pod (of 

seed), shell (of egg); descasci VT peel (fruit, egg), shell 

(nut); sorti de casca V hatch 

cascade VI cascade; N cascade, waterfall; cascades N 

cascades, waterfalls, falls 

caserna N barracks 

caserol N saucepan, pan 

24 

casia N cassia (tree: genus Cassia) 

casino N casino 

Casiopea N Cassiopeia (constellation, mythology) 

caso N case, instance, situation, circumstance, scenario; 

legal case, cause; caso de ama N love affair; en caso 

ce CONJ in case; en caso de PREP in case of; es un 

caso de N it's a case of, it's to do with, it's a matter of, 

it's a question of; la caso la plu bon N best-case 

scenario; la caso la plu mal N worst-case scenario 

caspa N dandruff 

casta N caste 

castania N chestnut (nut, tree: genus Castanea) 

castel N castle; castel de salta N bouncy castle 

castelian ADJ N Castellano, Castilian (language) 

castor N beaver (mammal: genus Castor) 

castra VT castrate 

casual ADJ casual 

casuari N cassowary (bird: genus Casuarius) 

casula N chasuble 

cat N qat, khat 

cataboli VI catabolize; N catabolism 

catacana N katakana 

catal N katal (measure) 

catalesia N catalepsy; catalesica ADJ cataleptic 

catalogo N catalog (US), catalogue (Br), index; 

catalogi VT catalog (US), catalogue (Br), index 

Catalunia N Catalonia; catalan ADJ N Catalan (language) 

catana N katana (Japanese sword) 

Catar N Qatar; catari ADJ N Qatari 

catarata N cataract 

cataro N cold (nasopharyngitis), catarrh; ave cataro V 

have a cold 

catecisme N catechism 

catedral N cathedral 

categoria N category, class; categori VT categorize, 

classify; N categorization, classification 

cateter N catheter; cateteri VT catheterize; N 

catheterization 

cation N cation 

catodo N cathode 

catolica ADJ N catholic; catolicisme N Catholicism 

catran N tar; catrani VT tar 

catura VT capture, catch, apprehend; caturada ADJ 

captured, captive; caturamosca (comp) N flycatcher, 

chat (bird: family Muscicapidae; also other birds); 

caturamus (comp) N mousetrap; caturor N captor; per 

catura ADJ wanted (criminal) 

cauboi N cowboy (North American) 

cauri N cowrie (shell, mollusc: family Cypraeidae) 

causa VT cause; N cause, grounds; causal ADJ causal; 

causalia N causality; par causa ce CONJ because; par 

causa de PREP because of, due to, owing to 

cauta ADJ cautious, careful, prudent, conservative;

cautia N caution, carefulness, prudence, discretion; 

libre su cautia ADJ free on bail; libri su cautia V 

release on bail; noncauta ADJ impulsive, foolhardy, 

rash; noncautia N impulsiveness, temerity 

cauteri VT cauterize; N cauterization; cauterador N 

cautery (medical instrument) 

cauxo N rubber; cauxi VT rubberize; N rubberization 

cava N cave, grotto; caveta N cavity, hollow, pit, socket 

(joint); caveta nasal N nasal cavity; cavon N cavern; 

cavor N caver, potholer, spelunker 

cava N kava (plant: species Piper methysticum) 

cavalo N horse (species Equus caballus); knight (chess); 

cavaleta N foal; easel, trestle, sawhorse; cavalo de 

mar N seahorse (fish: genus Hippocampus); cavalo de 

potia N horsepower; cavalo osilante N rocking horse; 

cavalo peti N pony; cavalor N horse rider, horseman, 

horsewoman; knight, cavalryman; jack, knave (cards); 

knight (tarot cards); cavalores N PL cavalry; 

cavaloria N chivalry; la Cavaleta N Equuleus 


cavia N cavy, guinea pig (mammal: subfamily Caviinae, 

especially genus Cavia) 

caviar N caviar 

cavil N peg, dowel 

caxa N box; case, housing; caxa de arena N sandbox 

(US), sandpit (Br); caxa de carton N cardboard box; 

caxa de come N lunch box; caxa de conversa N dialog 

box (software); caxa de junta N miter box (US), mitre 

box (Br); caxa de pan N breadbox (US), bread bin (Br); 

caxa de Pandora N Pandora's box; caxa de posta N 

mailbox, postbox; caxa rejistrante N cash register; 

caxa secur N safe; caxeta N drawer; cassette; caxeta 

audio N audio cassette; caxeta video N video cassette; 

caxi VT box, encase; embed, nest; caxon N crate; caxon 

funeral N coffin; caxor N cashier, clerk, purser, bursar 

caxalote N sperm whale (whale: species Physeter 

macrocephalus) 

caxer ADJ kosher, kasher 

caxmir N cashmere 

Caxmir N Kashmir 

caxofa N artichoke (plant: species Cynara cardunculus) 

Cazacstan N Kazakhstan; cazac ADJ N Kazakh, 

Kazakhstani (person, language) 

cd ABBR CD, compact disc 

ce DET PRON (interrogative) what; INTERJ what, huh, eh 

(confusion); ce animal what animal, what type of 

animal, which type of animal (compare cual); ce de 

enferno INTERJ what the hell; ce de mundo INTERJ 

what on earth; ce es la ora what is the time 

ce CONJ (general subordinator) that 

ce N name of letter C 

cela VI VT chelate; N chelation; celada ADJ chelate; N 

chelate complex; celante ADJ chelating; N chelante, 

chelating agent 

celaterapia N chelation, chelation therapy 

celi N ceilidh 

celtiberian ADJ N Celtiberian 

celtica ADJ Celtic; N Celtic (language), Celt (person) 

celvin N kelvin (measure) 

Cenia N Kenya; cenian ADJ N Kenyan 

ceratin N keratin 

ceratinosite N keratocyte 

Cerneu N Cornwall; cerneuica ADJ Cornish (person, 

language) 

cerubin N cherub 

cesadia N quesadilla 

ceso N cheese; ceso de testa N head cheese (US), brawn 

(Br) 

ceton N ketone 

cetsal N quetzal (bird: genus Pharomachrus, genus 

Euptilotis, money) 

cetxap N ketchup 

cetxua ADJ N Quechua (language) 

cexa VI complain, whine, kvetch, whinge, gripe, rant; N 

complaint, rant; cexor N complainer, whiner, whinger, 

grouch; cexosa ADJ whiny, whingey, grouchy, 

querulous 

ci PRON (interrogative, relative) who, whom 

ci N chi (Greek letter) 

cidonia N quince 

cile N chyle 

cilia N keel; la Cilia N Carina (constellation) 

cilo- PREF kilo- [× 1000] 

cilovate-ora N kilowatt-hour 

cilt N kilt 

cimera N chimera 

cimica N chemistry; cimical ADJ chemical; N chemical; 

cimiciste N chemist 

cimo N chyme 

cimono N kimono 

cimoterapia N chemotherapy 

cimotrof N chemotroph; cimotrofia ADJ chemotrophic; N 

chemotrophia 

Cimri N Wales; cimrica ADJ N Welsh (person, language) 

cionis N sheathbill (wading bird: genus Chionis) 

ciosco N kiosk, stand, booth; ciosco de polisia N police 

box; ciosco de telefon N telephone booth (US), 

telephone box (Br) 

cipa N kipa, kippah, yarmulke, zucchetto, skull cap, 

taqiyah, topi, kufi, beanie 

Cipros N Cyprus; ciprica ADJ N Cypriote 

Cirgistan N Kyrgyzstan; cirgiz ADJ N Kyrgyz, Kyrgyzstani 


Ciribati N Kiribati; ciribati ADJ N Kiribati 

cirilica ADJ N Cyrillic (alphabet) 

ciromansia N chiromancy 

cirotero N bat (mammal: order Chiroptera) 

cisa ADV possibly, maybe, perhaps 

citina N chitin; citinosa ADJ chitinous 

ciui N kiwi (bird: genus Apteryx); kiwifruit, Chinese 

25

gooseberry (fruit, plant: species Actinidia deliciosa) 

cix N quiche 

clace VI VT N clatter; tap dance; clacor N tap dancer 

claceta N clapperboard 

clado N clade 

clama VT call, summon, invoke; N call, summons, 

invocation; clama a servi militar V N draft, call to 

military service; clama de nomes N roll call; es 

clamada V be called, be named 

clan N clan 

clar ADJ clear, unblocked, unstained; transparent, seethrough; 

plain (to see, to understand), explicit; ADV 

clearly, explicitly; clari VI become clear; VT clarify; N 

clarification; claria N clarity, transparency; es clar be 

clear, stand out clearly 

clarineta N clarinet; clarinetiste N clarinetist (US), 

clarinettist (Br) 

claroscur N chiaroscuro 

clarvide VT be clairvoyant, see the future; N clairvoyance; 

clarvidente ADJ N clairvoyant 

clase N class; clase alta N upper class; clase basa N 

lower class; clase de turiste N tourist class, economy 

class; clase media N middle class; clasi VT classify; N 

classification; clasisme N classism; clasiste ADJ 

snobbish, class-conscious; N snob; suclase N subclass; 

supraclase N superclass 

clasica ADJ classic, classical; N classic; clasicisme N 

classicism 

claustrofobia N claustrophobia 

clave N key; wrench (US), spanner (Br); password; clave 

alta N treble clef; clave basa N bass clef; clave de 

Allen N Allen wrench; clave de musica N clef; clave 

engles N monkey wrench; clavi VT lock; clavor N 

locksmith, keymaker; desclavi V unlock 

clavesimbal N harpsichord 

clavicordio N clavichord 

clavicula N clavicle, collarbone 

claxon N klaxon, horn, hooter; claxoni VT honk, hoot, 

sound one's horn 

clematis N clematis (plant: genus Clematis) 

cleptocrata N cleptocrat 

cleptomania N kleptomania; cleptomanica ADJ N 

kleptomaniac 

clica VI VT N click (including mouse, item on screen); 

rattle; chatter (teeth); clica destra V right-click; N right 

click; clica duple V double-click; N double click; clica 

media V middle-click; N middle click; clica simple V 

single-click; N single click; clica sinistra V left-click; N 

left click; clica truple V triple-click; N triple click; 

clicador N rattle (toy, device) 

cliceta N ratchet 

cliente N client, customer; clientes N PL clientele 

clima N climate, weather; climal ADJ climatic 

climatolojia N climatology 

clinica N clinic; clinical ADJ clinical 

clip N clip (audio, video); clip (fastener), paper clip; de 

26 

clip ADJ clip-on 

clitico N clitic (linguistics) 

clitoris N clitoris; clitorisal ADJ clitoral 

clixe N cliché 

clo N nail (spike); cloador N nail gun; cloi VT nail 

cloaca N drain, sewer; cloaca 

clone VT clone; N cloning (act); clone (product of cloning) 

clorantasea N chloranthaceae (plant: family 

Chloranthaceae) 

cloro N chlorine (element); clori VT chlorinate; N 

chlorination 

cloroplasto N chloroplast 

clox N cloche (hat) 

club N club (organization); clubor N club member 

clui VI VT close, shut; turn off (tap, power); N closure; 

cluador N shutter (camera); clui la boca shut up 

(impolite); cluida ADJ closed; shut 

clusa N lock (waterway); clusa de aira N airlock 

cmer ADJ N Khmer (person, language) 

coabita VI cohabit; N cohabitation 

coagula VI VT coagulate; clot (blood); N coagulation 

coala N koala (mammal: species Phascolarctos cinereus) 

coan N koan 

coarde ADJ cowardly; N coward; coardia N cowardice 

coasal ADJ coaxial; corda coasal N coaxial cable 

coautor N coauthor 

coaveni VI coincide; N coincidence; coaveni partal V 

overlap; coaveninte ADJ coincidental; ADV 

coincidentally, by coincidence 

cobalto N cobalt (element) 

coc N coke (fuel) 

coca N coca (plant, family Erythroxylaceae) 

cocaina N cocaine 

coc-coc-coc INTERJ cluck (hen) 

coce VI VT cook; coce lenta V stew; coceda ADJ cooked 

coclea N cochlea; cocleal ADJ cochlear 

coco N coconut (fruit, plant: species Cocos nucifera) 

coctel N cocktail 

coda N tail; ending (grammar); coda de cavalo N horse's 

tail; ponytail (hairstyle); codal ADJ caudal, towards the 

tail; trailing (positioned last) 

codigo N code (laws, software: not necessarily cryptic); 

codigi VT code, encode, codify; N encoding (act); 

codigida par color ADJ color-coded (US), colour-coded 

(Br); codigo de baras N bar code 

codo N elbow 

coedal ADJ N of the same age, peer 

coere VI cohere, stay with, stick together; N coherence, 

consistency; coerente ADJ coherent, consistent, regular; 

noncoere N incoherence, inconsistency; 

noncoerente ADJ incoherent, inconsistent, irregular, 

erratic 

coesiste VI coexist; N coexistence

coiote N coyote (mammal: species Canis latrans) 

coisa ADJ N Khoisan (language) 

col N cabbage (plant, leaves: species Brassica oleracea); 

col de brusseles N Brussels sprout; col risada N kale; 

folia de col N collard greens, borekale 

col N kohl 

cola N glue, paste; coli VT glue, paste; descoli V unstick, 

peel off 

cola N cola (nut, plant: genus Cola) 

colabora VI cooperate, collaborate, liaise; N cooperation, 

collaboration; colaboror N colleague, collaborator, 

fellow worker 

coladal ADJ collateral 

colajen N collagen 

colar N collar; colar aletin N wing collar; colar 

fronsosa N ruff; colareta N necklace 

colasa VI VT N collapse, slump 

colbasa N kubasa, kolbassa (garlic sausage) 

coler ADJ angry, mad; coleri VI become angry, rage; VT 

anger, madden, outrage, enrage; coleria N anger, wrath, 

rage, outrage 

colera N cholera 

colesterol N cholesterol 

coletiva ADJ mass, collective; N collective (farm, factory); 

coletivisme N collectivism; coletiviste ADJ N 

collectivist 

colibri N hummingbird (bird: family Trochilidae) 

colico N colic 

colie VT collect, gather, accumulate, pick; N collection, 

accumulation, repertoire, set; colie de armas N arsenal; 

colie de selos N stamp collecting; stamp collection; 

colie de tambures N drum kit; colie miscada N 

assortment, hotchpotch, miscellany; colior N collector; 

silky-flycatcher (bird: family Ptilogonatidae) 

coliflor N cauliflower (variety of species Brassica 

oleracea) 

colina N hill; colineta N mound, bank; tumulus, barrow; 

colinosa ADJ hilly 

colinabo N rutabaga, swede (plant: species Brassica 

napobrassica) 

colio N mousebird (bird: family Coliidae) 

colirabano N kohlrabi (veriety of species Brassica 

oleracea) 

colite N colitis 

colo N neck; colal ADJ cervical (pertaining to neck); colo 

de utero N cervix 

colobo N colobus (primate: genus Colobus, genus 

Procolobus) 

colocolo N monito del monte (mammal: species 

Dromiciops gliroides) 

colofon N colophon (publishing) 

Colombia N Colombia; colombian ADJ N Colombian 

colon N colon (anatomy); colon iritable N irritable bowel 

colona N column, pillar; colona de leto N bedpost; 

colona sinco N fifth column; colonal ADJ colonic; 

serie de colonas N colonnade 

colonia N colony, plantation (colony), settlement; 

coloni VT settle, colonize; colonial ADJ colonial; 

coloniste N colonist, colonial, settler; coloniste 

prima N pioneer 

color N color (US), colour (Br), complexion; colori VT 

color (US), colour (Br); colorida ADJ colored (US), 

coloured (Br); colorosa ADJ colorful (US), colourful 

(Br); descolori V discolor (US), discolour (Br); 

noncolorida ADJ uncolored (US), uncoloured (Br); sin 

color ADJ colorless (US), colourless (Br) 

coloseo N colosseum, coliseum 

colpa VT hit, strike, pelt, bump, blow, jolt, impact, knock, 

whack, thump; N hit, strike, stroke, blast, blow, coup, 

bump, jolt, impact, knock, whack, thump; colpa con 

dito V flick; colpa con palma V slap, spank, smack; 

colpa con pede V kick; colpa de mori N death blow, 

coup de grace; colpa de palasio N palace coup; colpa 

de stato N coup d'etat, coup; colpa forte N hard blow, 

crackdown; colpa sever N severe blow, crackdown; 

colpador N blaster; colpamosca (comp) N flyswatter, 

flyswat; colpeta V pat; flick; N pat, light blow; no 

colpa V miss (a target); par sola un colpa ADV in one 

fell swoop 

colposcopio N colposcope 

colugo N colugo, cobego, flying lemur (mammal: order 

Dermoptera) 

colza N rape (plant: species Brassica napus), rapeseed, 

canola 

coma N coma; comosa ADJ comatose 

comadre N midwife 

comanda VT command, order (troops, goods), dictate; N 

command, order, directive, decree, commission, 

warrant; comanda alga cosa a/de algun command 

something from someone; comanda ce algun fa alga 

cosa command someone to do something; comanda 

per apare V N summons, subpoena; comanda 

temprana V N preorder; comandante ADJ commanding, 

imperative; N imperative; comandor N commander; par 

comanda ADJ custom-made, custom-order, specialorder, 

custom, bespoke, on demand 

comando N commando 

combate VT fight, combat; combator N fighter; combator 

de boves N bullfighter 

combina VI VT combine, amalgamate, concoct; 

consolidate; N combination, amalgamation, aggregate, 

concoction; consolidation 

combinatoria N combinatorics 

combusta VI VT combust; N combustion; 

combustable ADJ combustible; N combustible, fuel; 

combustable de fosil N fossil fuel; combustablia N 

combustibility 

come VT eat, dine; N meal, dinner, supper; comable ADJ 

edible; come con se oios V ogle; come de matina N 

breakfast; come de matina tarda N brunch; come de 

negosia N business lunch; come de sera N supper, 

evening meal; come media N lunch; come retirable N 

takeout (US), takeaway (Br); comeda N food; comeda 

favoreda N favorite food (US), favourite food (Br), 

27

delicacy; comeda fibrosa N roughage; comeda 

major N staple (food); comeda rapida N fast food; 

comeda sin nuri N junk food; comedas N groceries; 

comederia N grocery, grocery store, supermarket; 

comedor N grocer; comefoco (comp) N fire eater; 

comeria N eatery, fast-food restaurant; 

comespada (comp) N sword swallower; cometa V 

snack; N snack, refreshment; con du comes ADJ halfboard 

(hotel); con tre comes ADJ full-board (hotel) 

comedia N comedy; comedia de situas N situation 

comedy, sitcom; comedial ADJ comic, comedic, 

humorous; comediste N comedian 

comensa VI VT begin, commence, start, establish; set off; 

N start, beginning; preliminary (attempt, round of 

competition); kick-off, kickoff, face-off (sport); a la 

comensa de PREP at the beginning of, early in; 

comensa en via V set off; comensal ADJ initial; 

comensante ADJ beginning; comensante de PREP 

starting from, leaving from; comensor N beginner, 

novice, neophyte, rookie, newbie; de comensa ADJ 

preliminary; per comensores ADJ for beginners, entrylevel; 

recomensa V resume, recommence 

comenta VT comment, remark, commentate; N comment; 

comentas N PL comments, commentary; feedback; 

comentor N commentator 

comersia VT trade, do business; N trade, commerce; 

comersial ADJ commercial; comersiali VI become 

commercial; VT commercialize; put onto the market; N 

commercialization; comersior N businessperson, 

businessman, businesswoman; comersior nononesta N 

wheeler-dealer; e-comersia N e-commerce 

cometa N comet; kite 

comforta VT comfort, make comfortable; N comfort; 

comfortante ADJ comforting, pleasant; comfortosa ADJ 

comfortable, comfy; descomforta N malaise, 

discomfort; es comfortada par V be comforted by, take 

comfort in; noncomfortosa ADJ uncomfortable 

comica ADJ funny, comical 

comite N board, committee; panel (of experts); comite de 

vila N town council; comite dirijente N board (of 

trustees); comite local N local council 

como ADV (interrogative) how; CONJ as, as if; PREP like, 

similarly to; como si CONJ as if; no como PREP unlike; 

CONJ unlike how 

comoda N chest of drawers, dresser (stack of drawers); 

comoda de cosina N sideboard (for displaying and 

storing dishes); comodeta N nightstand, bedside table 

comodo N komodo (reptile: species Varanus 

komodoensis,) 

comorbosa ADJ comorbid 

Comori N Comoros; comori ADJ N Comorian 

compania N company (organization), firm; compania 

nova N startup; sucompania N subsidiary 

compara VT compare; N comparison; simile; compara 

con realia V compare with reality; N reality check; 

comparable ADJ comparable; comparada ADJ 

comparative; ADV comparatively; sin compara ADJ 

incomparable 

comparativa ADJ N comparative (grammar) 

28 

comparti VT share (between people); N share, portion, 

serving, helping (of food); comparti de fixes N file 

sharing; comparti un leto V share a bed, be bedfellows 

compas N compass (for drawing circles); la Compas N 

Circinus (constellation) 

compata ADJ compact 

compatia N pity, compassion, kindness, consideration, 

sympathy, condolence (concern for another's suffering); 

autocompatia N self-pity; compati VT pity, feel sorry 

for, feel compassion for, sympathize with, commiserate 

with; compatiosa ADJ compassionate, humane, kind, 

considerate, sympathetic; sin compatia ADJ pitiless, 

merciless; ADV pitilessly, mercilessly 

compensa VT compensate, make amends; N compensation 

compete VI compete, strive, vie; N competition (act), 

contest; competor N competitor, contestant, rival; 

competosa ADJ competitive 

compila VT compile; compilador N compiler (software) 

completa ADJ complete, comprehensive, exhaustive, 

thorough, utter; ADV completely, comprehensively, 

exhaustively, thoroughly, utterly, altogether; N suit (of 

clothes); completa con pantalon N pantsuit (US), 

trouser suit (Br); completa de negosia N business suit; 

completa de sera N evening suit, black tie; completa 

de sporte N tracksuit; completi VI become complete; 

VT complete, fulfill (US), fulfil (Br), complement; fill 

in, fill out (form); N completion, fulfillment (US), 

fulfilment (Br); completi la testo V fill in the blank; 

completi un negosia V cut a deal; completinte ADJ 

completing, fulfilling, complementary, supplementary; 

N complement; noncompleta ADJ incomplete; 

noncompletida ADJ uncompleted 

complica VT complicate; N complication, complexity; 

complicada ADJ complicated, complex, intricate 

composa VT compose; N composition (act); 

composada ADJ composed, compound, composite; N 

compound; composada de ADJ composed of, 

consisting of, comprising; composante ADJ N 

component; composor N composer; descomposa V 

decompose; descomposada ADJ decomposed, rotten; 

es composada de V be composed of, consist of, 

comprise 

compra VT buy, purchase, shop; N purchase (act); compra 

manica N shopping spree; comprada N purchase 

(object); compror N shopper; pote compra V afford (to 

buy) 

comprende VT understand, comprehend; N understanding, 

interpretation, comprehension, insight; 

comprendable ADJ understandable, intelligible, 

comprehensible; malcomprende V misunderstand; N 

misunderstanding; noncomprendable ADJ 

unintelligible, incomprehensible; noncomprendablia N 

unintelligibility, incomprehensibility; noncomprende N 

incomprehension 

compresa VT compress; N compression; descompresa V 

decompress; N decompression 

compromete VI compromise (by making concessions), 

accommodate; N compromise 

compulsa VT compel (mentally); N compulsion

computa VT compute; N computation, computing; 

computa distribuida N grid computing; computador N 

computer; CPU, central processing unit; computador 

de table N desktop computer; computador personal N 

personal computer; computador portable N laptop, 

portable computer; computador portable peti N 

netbook; computador sentral N mainframe computer; 

computador tabletin N tablet computer; 

supracomputador N supercomputer 

comun ADJ common, general, ordinary, plain, banal, 

prevalent; frequent; common (shared); ADV commonly, 

generally, widely; often, frequently; in common; 

comunia N commonness, ordinariness, prevalence; 

community, commonwealth; communion; comunia 

legal N commune, municipality; comunisme N 

communism; comuniste N communist; noncomun ADJ 

uncommon, unusual, eccentric; ADV uncommonly, 

unusually; noncomunia N unusualness, eccentricity 

comunica VT communicate; pass on (illness); N 

communication; comunicable ADJ communicable, 

contagious; intercomunica V intercommunicate; sesal 

comunicada ADJ sexually transmitted; sin comunica N 

without communication, incommunicado 

comuta VT connect; switch on, turn on (machine); N 

connection, joint, junction; boton de comuta N power 

button, power switch, on/off switch; comutada ADJ 

connected; on, switched on, turned on, live; online; 

comutador N switch (electrical), toggle; descomuta V 

disconnect; switch off, turn off (machine); 

descomutada ADJ disconnected, switched off, turned 

off, off 

con PREP with, in the company of, including; by means of, 

using (an object); roji con embarasa ADV blush with 

embarrassment; scrive con un peneta V write with a 

pencil 

conaseda ADJ cognate; N cognate; sibling 

conca N shell (mollusc) 

concava ADJ concave 

concista VT conquer, take by force, subjugate; N 

conquest; concistor N conqueror, conquistador; 

nonconcistable ADJ unconquerable, unbeatable, 

indomitable 

conclui VT conclude, reach a conclusion; N conclusion; 

concluinte ADJ conclusive; nonconcluinte ADJ 

inconclusive 

concombre N cucumber (plant, species Cucumis sativus); 

concombre vinagrida N pickle 

concreta ADJ concrete (non-abstract), tangible 

concubina N concubine, mistress, paramour 

concurso N contest, competition (with winner) 

condena VT condemn, convict, sentence (to punishment), 

doom, censure; N condemnation, conviction, sentence 

(to punishment), indictment; condena a enferno V 

damn; condenada ADJ condemned; N condemned, 

convict 

condensa VI VT condense; N condensation (act); 

condensada ADJ condensed; N condensation (product); 

condensador N capacitor, condenser 

condesende VI condescend, deign, patronize, talk down 

to, look down on, look down one's nose at; N 

condescension 

condo N condominium, condo 

condom N condom 

condor N condor (bird: species Vultur gryphus, species 

Gymnogyps californianus) 

condui VI behave, conduct (oneself); VT conduct (heat, 

electricity); N behavior (US), behaviour (Br), demeanor 

(US), demeanour (Br); conduinte ADJ conducting, 

conductive; conduisme N behaviorism (US), 

behaviourism (Br); malcondui V misbehave; N 

misbehavior (US), misbehaviour (Br), misconduct, 

impropriety 

coneo N rabbit (mammal: family Leporidae); coneria N 

warren; coneta N baby rabbit, bunny 

confere VI confer; N conference, convention; confere 

alta N summit (meeting); confere video N video 

conference 

confesa VT confess, admit; N confession, admission; 

confeseria N confessional 

confeto N candy, sweet, confection; confeti VT candy; 

confeto de jelatin N jelly bean, jelly baby, gum drop; 

confeto de menta N mint (confection); confeto dur N 

hard candy, gobstopper 

confida VT confide, entrust; N confiding; confida un 

secreta a algun V confide a secret to someone; 

confidada ADJ confided, confidential (secret) 

confirma VT confirm, corroborate; N confirmation 

(including religious), corroboration; confirma con se 

testa V nod one's head 

confisca VT confiscate, sequester, impound; N 

confiscation 

conflue VI converge; N convergence, confluence 

confonde VT puzzle, perplex, baffle, confound; N 

puzzlement, perplexity, bafflement 

conforma VI VT conform, match; N conformity; conforma 

de sangue N cross-matching (blood types); 

conformiste N conformist 

confusa VT confuse, bewilder; N confusion, 

bewilderment; confusada ADJ confused, muddled; 

confusante ADJ confusing 

Confuzi N Confucius; confuzisme N Confucianism; 

confuziste N Confucian 

Congo N Congo (including Republic of the Congo); 

congoles ADJ N Congolese; Republica de Congo N 

Republic of the Congo; Republica Democrata de 

Congo N Democratic Republic of the Congo 

congregasionaliste ADJ N Congregationalist; 

congregasionalisme N Congregationalism 

congresa N congress; congresor N member of congress, 

congressman, congresswoman 

congro N conger (fish: genus Conger) 

coniac N cognac, brandy 

conifer ADJ coniferous; N conifer 

conio N poison hemlock (plant, species Conium 

maculatum) 

conjela VI congeal 

29

conjenital ADJ congenital 

conjesta VI congest (medical); N congestion (medical); 

conjesta de trafica N traffic congestion, traffic jam; 

conjestada ADJ congested (medical) 

conjuga VI VT conjugate; N conjugation 

conjunta N coordinating conjunction (grammar) 

conjuntiva N conjunctiva 

conjuntivite N conjunctivitis 

cono ADJ conic, conical; N cone 

conopofaje N gnateater (bird: family Conopophagidae) 

conose VT be acquainted with, know (person, place); N 

acquaintance (with), knowledge (of a person, place), 

familiarity; comensa conose V get to know, become 

acquainted with, familiarize oneself with; conosal ADJ 

cognitive; conoseda ADJ known, familiar; N 

acquaintance (person); conosor N connoisseur; la 

(cosa, etc) conoseda como X N the so-called X; 

nonconosable ADJ unknowable; nonconose N lack of 

knowledge, ignorance; nonconoseda ADJ unknown; 

nonconosente ADJ unknowing, ignorant; poca 

conoseda ADJ little-known, esoteric; preconose V 

know in advance, have foreknowledge of; N 

foreknowledge, precognition; preconosente ADJ 

precognisant 

conota VT connote; N connotation 

consela VT counsel, advise; N counsel, advice; 

conselor N counselor, advisor, consultant; conselor 

privata N confidant, confessor; malconsela V 

misadvise 

consensa ADJ conscious, aware, mindful; ADV 

consciously, mindfully; consensi VI become conscious, 

become aware; consensia N consciousness, awareness; 

nonconsensa ADJ unconscious, unaware; 

suconsensa ADJ subconscious, subliminal; 

suconsensia N subconscious, unconscious (mind) 

consenta VI meet, be in session; N session, sitting 

consentra VI VT concentrate (attention, substance); N 

concentration, focus; consentrador N hub (computer) 

consentrica ADJ concentric 

consepi VT conceive (pregnancy); N conception 

conserna VT concern, be important to, be of interest to, 

relate to; N concern, matter of importance, business, 

affair; acel no conserna tu that does not concern you; 

acel no es tu conserna that is none of your business, 

that is no concern of yours; consernante PREP 

concerning, with regard to 

conserta N concert (music); conserta de avias N dawn 

chorus; salon de conserta N concert hall, auditorium 

consertina N concertina 

conserva VT conserve, preserve; N conservation, 

preservation; conserva de natur N conservationism; 

conservisme N conservatism (political); 

conserviste ADJ N conservative (political); 

conservor N curator, guardian (of a museum or a 

collection); conservor de natur N conservationist 

conseta N concept; consetal ADJ conceptual; conseti VI 

become a concept; VT conceive (concept), 

conceptualize; N conception (of concept); malconseti V 

30 

misconceive; N misconception 

considera VT consider, ponder, puzzle; N consideration; 

considera tarda N afterthought; considerante ce CONJ 

considering that, given that, as, since; preconsidera V 

premeditate; N premeditation 

consiensa N conscience; consiensosa ADJ conscientious, 

dutiful 

consilio N council; consilior N councilor (US), councillor 

(Br) 

consinia VT consign; N consignment; consinieria N 

consignment store 

consisa ADJ concise 

consol N console, instrument bank 

consola VT console, solace, comfort, cheer, support, 

soothe; N consolation, solace, comfort, cheer, support; 

consolador N dildo; es consolada par V be consoled 

by, take solace in; trova un consola en V find 

consolation in, take solace in 

consonante ADJ consonant (music, phonetics); N 

consonant (phonetics); consonante con vose ADJ 

voiced consonant; consonante sin vose ADJ voiceless 

consonant 

conspira VI conspire, plot, scheme; N conspiracy, intrigue, 

connivance, scheme, plot, machination; teoria de 

conspira N conspiracy theory 

constante ADJ constant, invariant, stable, steady, 

permanent; ADV constantly; N constant, invariant; 

coefficient, constant (math); nonconstante ADJ 

inconstant, fickle 

constela VI constellate; N constellation 

constipa VT constipate; N constipation 

constitui VT constitute, establish; N constitution, charter 

(of organization); constitual ADJ constitutional; 

reconstitui V reconstitute; N reconstitution 

constrinje VT constrain; N constraint, condition; 

constrinjente ADJ N obstruent (consonant) 

construi VT build, construct; N construction; construi de 

petra N stonework, masonry; construida N building, 

edifice; construinte ADJ building, constructing, 

constructive; construor N builder, constructor; en 

construi ADJ under construction, in the works; 

reconstrui V reconstruct, rebuild, remake, reassemble, 

refurbish, piece together; N reconstruction, rebuilding 

consul N consul; consuleria N consulate 

consulta VT consult; N consultation 

consuma VT consume, deplete, expend, exhaust, use up, 

spend; N consumption, depletion; consumante de 

tempo ADJ time-consuming; consumor N consumer; 

nonconsumable ADJ inexhaustible 

conta VT count, enumerate; N count (act, amount); conta 

de popla N census; conta desendente V count down; N 

countdown; conta en reversa V count down; N 

countdown; contador N counter (device); contador de 

Geiger N Geiger counter; desconta V discount; N 

discount, rebate (business); malconta V miscount; ultra 

conta ADJ beyond count, countless, innumerable 

conta N account (bank, online, etc); contor N accountant 

contamina VT pollute, contaminate; N pollution,

contamination; contaminante N contaminant; 

descontamina V decontaminate; N decontamination 

contata VT contact, touch; N contact 

conte N count, earl; contesa N countess; contia N county, 

shire, earldom; visconte N viscount 

contempla VT contemplate, gaze; N contemplation; 

contemplante ADJ contemplating, contemplative 

contempora ADJ contemporary; N contemporary 

conteni VT contain; contenador N container, holder; 

contenida N contents 

contente ADJ glad, content, satisfied; contentia N 

contentment; noncontente ADJ discontented; N 

discontent; noncontentia N discontent 

contesto N context 

continente N continent, mainland; continental ADJ 

continental; sucontinente N subcontinent 

continua VI VT continue, still be (doing), keep (doing); N 

continuum; continuante ADJ continuing, continuous, 

continual, contiguous; ADV continuously; el continua 

labora he is still working; esta va continua to be 

continued 

contorno N contour, outline 

contorse VI VT contort, squirm, writhe; distort; 

misrepresent; N contortion, distortion 

contra PREP against, versus; a contra ADV by contrast; 

contra ce CONJ as opposed to; contra esta ADV against 

this, however, nonetheless 

contrabanda VT smuggle; N contraband; contrabanda 

umana N human trafficking; contrabandor N smuggler 

contrabaso N double bass 

contracolpa N countercoup 

contraconsepi N contraception; contraconsepal ADJ N 

contraceptive, birth control; contraconsepi urjente N 

emergency contraception 

contrademostra VT disprove; N disproof 

contradise VT contradict; N contradiction 

contrae VI VT contract, spasm; N contraction, spasm 

contrafatal ADJ counterfactual 

contraforte N buttress 

contraindica VT contraindicate; N contraindication 

contrainteroga VT cross-examine; N cross-examination 

contralto N contralto 

contrasta VI VT contrast; N contrast; par contrasta ADJ 

contrasted; ADV however, nevertheless, whereas, by 

contrast 

contrata VI VT (enter into) contract; N contract, legal 

document; covenant; contrata de asecura N insurance 

policy; contrata de lua N lease; contrata de paia N 

payment schedule; contratal ADJ contractual 

contrataca VT N counterattack 

contraterorisme N counterterrorism; contrateroriste ADJ 

N counterterrorist 

contravenena N antidote 

contri ADJ N country (music) 

contribui VT contribute; N contribution; contribuor N 

contributor; taxpayer 

controla VT control; controlador N driver (software); 

controlador de aparato N device driver; controlador 

de primador N printer driver; controleria N control 

room; controlor N controller 

controlamanica ADJ N control freak 

controversa ADJ controversial, contentious; N controversy 

(something controversial); controversia N controversy 

(the concept) 

contusa VI VT bruise; N bruise, contusion 

conveni VI suit, be appropriate, be compatible; N 

suitability, appropriateness, compatibility; convenience; 

conveninte ADJ suitable, proper, fit, compatible, 

appropriate; conveninte per primi ADJ suitable for 

printing, printer-friendly; nonconveninte ADJ 

unsuitable, inappropriate, incongruous; ADV 

inappropriately 

converje VI converge; N converging, convergence 

conversa VI converse; N conversation, dialog (US), 

dialogue (Br); conversa intima N pillow talk; conversa 

privata N private conversation, tête-à-tête; 

conversal ADJ conversational, colloquial 

converti VI VT convert; N conversion; convertida N 

convert 

convesa ADJ convex 

convinse VT convince, persuade; N convincing, 

persuading, persuasion; desconvinse VT dissuade 

convoia N convoy; convoia de autos N motorcade; 

convoia de furnis N supply convoy 

convulsa VI convulse; N convulsion 

coopera VI cooperate, liaise; N cooperation 

coordina VT coordinate; N coordination; coordinate; 

coordina cartesian N Cartesian coordinate 

copa N cup (without handles), goblet, beaker; copa de 

portaseno N bra cup; la Copa N Crater (constellation) 

copec N kopek 

copia VT copy; N copy; autocopia V self-replicate, 

autoreplicate; N self-replication; autocopiante ADJ selfreplicating, 

autoreplicating; copia de securia N backup 

copy; copia e coli V cut and paste, copy and paste; N 

cut and paste, copy and paste; copia esata V replicate; 

N replication; copia per securia V back up, make a 

backup copy of 

copta ADJ N Coptic 

copula VI copulate, mate, have sex; N copulation, coitus, 

mating 

cor N heart (including card suit), core, kernel; crux 

coraje N courage, bravery, valor (US), valour (Br); 

corajosa ADJ brave, courageous, valorous, bold 

coraji VT encourage, urge, embolden, foster; N 

encouragement; descoraji V discourage, demoralize, 

dishearten; N discouragement, despondency; 

descorajida ADJ discouraged, dejected, demoralized, 

disheartened, despondent 

coral N coral 

corda N cord, rope; chord (geometry); cable (bundle of 

wires); corda elastica N elastic cord, bungee, bungee 

31

ope; corda eletrical ADJ power cable; corda 

ombilical ADJ umbilical cord; corda tensada N 

tightrope; corda vosal N vocal cord; cordeta N string, 

twine; shoelace; thin strap; cordeta fronsinte N 

drawstring; cordon N thick rope, cable, hawser 

core VI run, flow; core lenta V jog; core tra bates run the 

gauntlet; coror N runner, jogger 

corea N leash, strap; lia con corea V leash, strap 

Corea N Korea; Corea Norde N North Korea (also 

Txoson); Corea Sude N South Korea (also Tehan); 

corean ADJ N Korean (person, language) 

coredor N corridor, aisle, passageway, hall 

corelata VI VT correlate; N correlation 

corente ADJ current, ongoing; N current (water, 

electricity); courante (music, dance); corente 

alternante N alternating current, AC; corente direta N 

direct current, DC; corente eletrical N electric current 

coreografia N choreography; coreografiste N 

choreographer 

coresponde VI correspond (communicate, be equivalent); 

N correspondence; corespondente ADJ corresponding, 

equivalent; N correspondent (letter writer, reporter); 

counterpart 

coreta ADJ correct, right, appropriate, proper; ADV 

correctly, properly; autocoreti V self-correct; 

autocoretinte ADJ self-correcting; coretable ADJ 

correctable, corrigible; coreti VI become correct; VT 

correct; N correction, discipline; coretia N correctness; 

noncoreta ADJ incorrect, wrong, inappropriate; 

noncoretable ADJ uncorrectable, incorrigible; 

noncoretia N incorrectness, wrongness 

coriandro N coriander (spice, plant: species Coriandrum 

sativum) 

corion N chorion; corional ADJ chorionic 

cormoran N cormorant, shag (bird: family 

Phalacrocoracidae) 

cornamusa N bagpipe, bagpipes 

cornea N cornea; corneal ADJ corneal 

corneo N dogwood (plant: genus Cornus) 

cornisa N ledge, sill; cornisa de foco N hob (surface for 

cooking beside a fire) 

corno N horn (of animal, music), antler; corno de servo N 

antler 

coro N chorus, choir; coral ADJ choral; N chorale; 

coriste N chorister 

corode VI VT corrode; N corrosion 

corona N crown; coroni VT crown; N crowning, 

coronation; descoroni V uncrown; la Corona Norde N 

Corona Borealis (constellation); la Corona Sude N 

Corona Australis (constellation) 

coronel N colonel 

coroneta N coronet, tiara, diadem 

corpo N body; corps; corpus; corpal ADJ somatic, 

corporal; corpeta N corpuscle; corpi N embody; corpo 

de comunica N signals corps; corpo mamelin N 

mammillary body; corpo mor N dead body, corpse, 

carcass; de corpo capas ADJ able-bodied 

32 

corpora VI VT incorporate; N corporation, guild 

corsa VI VT race; N race; racing; corsa de cavalos N 

horse race; horseracing; corsa de ostaculos N hurdle 

race 

Corse N Corsica; corsu ADJ N Corsican (person, 

language) 

corseto N corset, girdle; corsetor N corsetiere 

corta ADJ short, brief, laconic; ADV briefly; cortador N 

clippers (electrical); corti VI VT shorten, trim, prune, 

crop, abbreviate; N trim, abbreviation (act, result); corti 

la barba V shave; corti la erba V mow; cortia N 

brevity; cortierba (comp) N lawnmower; cortierba 

puiable N push mower, unmotorized lawnmower; 

cortiungia (comp) N nail clipper; cortor N cutter, 

mower (person) 

corte N court (of law, royal); corte de apela N court of 

appeals, appellate court; corte militar N court martial, 

military court; corte suprema N supreme court 

cortea VT court, woo, date; N courtship, date, dating; 

compete corteal V N rut; corteor N date (person), 

wooer, suitor; mostra corteal N courtship display; 

periodo corteal N rut, estrus (US), oestrus (Br), mating 

season 

cortes ADJ polite, cordial, courteous; cortesia N 

politeness, civility, etiquette, manners, courtesy; 

cortesia de rede N netiquette; noncortes ADJ impolite, 

rude, impudent, cheeky, irreverent, impertinent; 

noncortesia N impoliteness, rudeness, impudence, 

cheek, cheekiness, irreverence 

cortex N cortex; bark (of tree); cortex serebral N cerebral 

cortex; cortexal ADJ cortical 

cortina N curtain, drape; cortina enrolante N window 

blind, window shade; cortina venezian N venetian 

blind; cortinas N drapery 

Corvatsca N Croatia; corvatsce ADJ N Croatian (person, 

language) 

corvo N crow, raven (bird: genus Corvus); la Corvo N 

Corvus (constellation) 

cosa N thing, affair, matter; no cosa PRON nothing; 

noncosia N nothingness 

cosa ADJ N Xhosa (language) 

coscrive VT co-write; coscrivor N co-writer 

cose VT sew, stitch; cosador N sewing machine; cosor N 

sewer, seamster, seamstress 

cosina N kitchen; cosini VT cook; N cooking, cookery, 

cuisine, cooking style; cosini refinada N haute cuisine; 

cosinor N cook 

cosineto N bearing (of machine) 

cosinus N cosine 

cosix N coccyx 

cosmetica ADJ N cosmetic; ADV cosmetically 

cosmo N outer space, cosmos; cosmal ADJ cosmic 

cosmogonia N cosmogony 

cosmolojia N cosmology; cosmolojiste N cosmologist 

Cosovo N Kosovo; cosovan ADJ Kosovan 

costa VT cost; N cost, expense; sin costa ADJ free (for no 

cost), gratis, toll-free; ADV free

costa N coast, shore; costal ADJ coastal, offshore; ADV 

offshore 

Costa Ivor N Ivory Coast; ivorian ADJ N Ivorian 

Costa Rica N Costa Rica; costarican ADJ N Costa Rican, 

Costarican 

costela N rib; chop (of meat); costelin ADJ ribbed 

costela N co-star 

costum N custom, routine, usage, social convention; 

costumal ADJ customary, default; ADV customarily, by 

default 

costur N seam 

cotel N knife; colpa con cotel V stab, jab; colpa de 

cotel N stab, jab; cotel composada N Swiss army 

knife; cotel de pox N pocket knife, folding knife, 

jackknife; cotel de xef N chef's knife; cotel osilante N 

herb chopper, mezzaluna, hachoir; coteli VT cut, stab 

(with knife) 

cotinga N cotinga (bird: family Cotingidae) 

cotino N smoke tree (genus Cotinus) 

coto N koto (japanese instrument) 

coton N cotton (plant, fiber: genus Gossypium); coton de 

zucar N cotton candy (US), candyfloss (Br); de 

coton ADJ cotton 

coturnix N quail 

covre VT cover; N coverage; covre completa V cover 

fully; N full coverage; covre partal V overlap; 

covrebuco (comp) N stopgap; covrecaserol (comp) N 

saucepan lid; covrefenetra (comp) N shutter; 

covregama (comp) N legging; covrelampa (comp) N 

lampshade, lightshade; covreleto (comp) N blanket, 

quilt, duvet; covrelibro (comp) N dust jacket; 

covrente N cover, covering, lid, top; covreoio (comp) N 

eyepatch; covreorea (comp) N (pair of) earmuffs; 

covrepeto (comp) N bib (of garment); 

covreseso (comp) N cache-sexe, loincloth; 

covretable (comp) N tablecloth; covreteta (comp) N 

nipple shield, pasty; covretota (comp) N overalls, 

boilersuit, jumpsuit; covrevaso (comp) N tea cosy; 

covreveranda (comp) N awning; descovre V discover, 

uncover, find out; N discovery; descovror N discoverer; 

(retira) noncovreda N overdraft 

coxa N thigh 

coxea VI limp, hobble; N limp; coxeante ADJ lame, shaky, 

wobbly, rickety 

coxinilia N scale (insect: superfamily Coccoidea) 

cozaxoc N kozachok, kazachok (dance) 

crabe N crab (crustacean: infraorder Brachyura); crabe 

de rio N crayfish (crustacean: superfamily Astacoidea 

and superfamily Parastacoidea); la Crabe N Cancer 


crac N crack, crunch, snap (breaking sound); INTERJ crack, 

crunch, snap; craci VI VT crack, crunch, scrunch, snap 

(make breaking sound); cracinte ADJ crunchy; 

cracosa ADJ crunchy, crisp 

cracen N kraken (mythological creature) 

crampo N cramp (of muscle) 

cranio N skull; cranial ADJ cranial 

crase VT crush, squash, mash, crumple, flatten, smash, run 

over; N crushing, squashing; crase su pede V crush 

under foot, trample, tread on; crasenoza (comp) N 

nutcracker (tool, bird) 

crasula N jade plant (species Crassula ovata) 

crater N crater 

cravata N necktie, tie; cravata papilin N bow tie 

crea VT create, make, cause to exist, craft; N creation 

(act); autocreada ADJ self-made; crea corente N 

improvisation; creada ADJ created; N creature, creation 

(result); creante ADJ creating, creative; creor N creator; 

creosa ADJ creative; creosia N creativity; recrea V 

recreate (create anew); N recreation (repeated creation) 

crede VT believe; N belief, creed, doctrine; credable ADJ 

believable, credible, plausible; credablia N credibility; 

credor N believer; credosa ADJ credulous, gullible, 

trusting, superstitious; credosia N credulity; 

intercredal ADJ interfaith, cross-faith; noncredable ADJ 

unbelievable, incredible; incredibly good, fabulous, 

fantastic; noncredablia N incredibility; noncrede N 

disbelief, incredulity; noncredente ADJ disbelieving, 

incredulous; noncredor N nonbeliever 

credito N credit (money); creditor N creditor 

crema ADJ cream (color); N cream, lotion; crema 

bateda N whipped cream; crema bayern N Bavarian 

cream, bavarois; crema catalan N crema catalana; 

crema de caramel N creme caramel, caramel custard, 

flan (US); crema de la crema N creme de la creme; 

crema de menta N creme de menthe; crema de ovos N 

custard; crema de rasa N shaving cream, shaving foam; 

crema de sosia N cream of society, high society; 

crema engles N creme anglaise, custard; crema 

jelada N ice cream; crema solal N suncream, sunblock; 

cremosa ADJ creamy; descremida ADJ skimmed (milk) 

creol ADJ N creole; creol aitian ADJ N Haitian Creole, 

Kreyol Ayisyen (language) 

crepe N crêpe, pancake 

crepita VI VT N crackle, sizzle 

crese VI VT grow, develop, expand, increase; N growth, 

development, expansion; growth (thing that has grown), 

excrescence; crese rapida V grow quickly, burgeon; 

cresedas N PL produce (fruit and vegetables); 

cresente ADJ growing, increasing; ADV increasingly, 

more and more, ever more; N crescent; croissant; 

sempre cresente ADJ ever growing, ever increasing 

creson N cress (various plants of family Brassicaceae); 

creson de acua N watercress (plant: genus Nasturtium) 

cresta N crest (of wave, of bird, heraldic), ridge; cresta 

de la arte N state of the art; cresta de la tecnolojia N 

state of the art 

creta N chalk; creti VT chalk (up) 

cretasica ADJ N cretaceous 

cretin ADJ cretinous; N cretin 

creve VI VT burst, puncture; N puncture; creve de cor N 

heartbreak; crevecor (comp) N heartbreaker 

cri ADJ N Cree (person, language) 

cria VT cry, shout, scream, yell, yelp; N shout, scream; 

crieta V N whimper; crior N crier; screamer (bird: 

33

family Anhimidae) 

criceta N cricket (game); cricetor N cricketer 

criceto N hamster (mammal: subfamily Cricetinae) 

crico N jack (for lifting); crici VT jack up 

cril N krill 

crimin N crime; crimin de gera N war crime; crimin de 

odia N hate crime; crimin organizada N organized 

crime, mob; criminal ADJ criminal, delinquent; N 

criminal, delinquent, lawbreaker, malefactor, hoodlum, 

felon, crook; criminali VI VT criminalize; criminalia N 

criminality; underworld; criminolojia N criminology; 

descriminali V decriminalize 

crinera N mane, mop (of hair) 

criofil ADJ cryophilic; N cryophile; criofilia N cryophilia 

criosirurjia N cryosurgery 

criovolcan N cryovolcano; criovolcanisme N 

cryovolcanism 

criptografia N cryptography, cryptology; criptografiste N 

cryptographer, cryptologist 

cripton N krypton (element) 

cris N kris (southeast Asian knife) 

crisalida N chrysalis, pupa 

crisantemo N chrysanthemum (plant: genus 

Chrysanthemum) 

crise N crisis; crise coler N temper tantrum; crise de 

coleria N temper tantrum; crise mental N mental 

breakdown, nervous breakdown 

crisol N crucible, melting pot 

cristal ADJ crystalline; N crystal; cristal licuida N liquid 

crystal; cristali VI VT crystallize; N crystallization 

cristian ADJ N Christian; cristianisme N Christianity 

Cristo N Christ 

criterio N criterion, criteria 

Criti N Crete; critica ADJ N Cretan 

critica VT criticize, reproach, tell off; N criticism, 

reproach; criticiste N critic 

Crixna N Krishna; crixnaisme /crixna-isme/ N 

Krishnaism, Hare Krishna; crixnaiste /crixna-iste/ ADJ 

N Krishnaist 

croceta N croquet (game, shot); croquette 

croco N crocus (plant: genus Crocus) 

crocodil N crocodile (reptile: family Crocodylidae) 

cromatica ADJ chromatic 

cromo N chromium (element); cromi VT chrome-plate, 

chromium-plate; cromida ADJ chrome-plated, 

chromium-plated; N chrome 

cromosoma N chromosome 

cronica ADJ chronic 

cronolojia N chronology; cronolojial ADJ chronological; 

cronolojiste N chronologist 

cronometre N stopwatch, timer; cronometri VT time 

crosta N crust, scab, rind (of cheese); crosti VI VT encrust, 

cake; N encrustation 

crotal N rattlesnake (snake: genus Crotalus and genus 

34 

Sistrurus) 

croxe VT crochet 

cru ADJ raw, uncooked, crude, gross 

cruel ADJ cruel, ruthless, vicious; cruelia N cruelty, 

ruthlessness, viciousness 

cruji VI VT N creak, groan (low-pitched sound) 

crup N croup (inflammation) 

crus N cross (shape), crucifix, crucifixion post; crus de 

vias N crossroads; Crus Roja N Red Cross; crusi VT 

crucify; N crucifixion; la Crus N Crux (constellation) 

crusa VT cross, intersect; N crossing, intersection 

crusada VI crusade; N crusade; crusador N crusader 

crusca N bran 

crustaseo N crustacean (subphylum) 

crut N crwth (Welsh instrument) 

cruton N crouton 

cuac-cuac INTERJ quack (duck); croak, ribbet (frog) 

cuadrilia N quadrille (music, dance) 

cuadro ADJ square; N square; cuadrador N set square, 

carpenter's square; cuadri VI VT square; cuadrida ADJ 

squared; cuadrosa ADJ checked, checkered; la 

Cuadrador N Norma (constellation) 

cuai N chopstick 

Cuait N Kuwait; cuaiti ADJ N Kuwaiti 

cual DET (interrogative) which; PRON (interrogative) 

which, which one; PRON (relative) which, that; cual 

animal which animal, which individual animal 

(compare ce); cual cosa PRON (interrogative) what 

(thing); cual es CONJ i.e., id est; cual es la data what is 

the date; cual es la ora what is the time; cual es per 

dise CONJ namely, that is to say, in other words, to wit, 

i.e., id est 

cualce DET any, any at all, whichever (you like); PRON 

any, no matter which, whichever, so-and-so; a cualce 

loca ADV anywhere (at all), wherever (you like); a 

cualce ora ADV at any time of the day (at all), 

whenever (you like); a cualce ves ADV on any occasion 

(at all), whenever (you like), ever (e.g. did you ever see, 

have you ever seen); cualce cosa PRON anything (at 

all), whatever (you like); en cualce modo ADV in any 

way (at all), by any means (you like), in whatever way 

cualcun PRON anyone, anybody (doesn't matter who), 

whoever (you like) 

cualia N quality, feature, trait, attribute, characteristic; 

cuali VT qualify; cualia de labora N quality of work, 

workmanship; cualia de vive N quality of life, wellbeing, 

welfare; cualia spesial N feature, special feature; 

cualinte N qualifier (grammar) 

cuando ADV (interrogative) when; (relative) when; CONJ 

when; sempre cuando CONJ whenever 

cuantia N quantity, amount, magnitude; number (how 

many in total, but not position in sequence); a no 

cuantia ADV in no quantity, not at all; a no cuantia 

ma ADV in no quantity but, merely; cuantia de 

mores N death toll 

cuanto DET ADV (interrogative) how many, how much; 

CONJ as many as, as much as; cuanto tempo how much

time, how long 

cuanto N quantum 

cuarc N quark; cuarc alta N top quark; cuarc 

asendente N up quark; cuarc basa N bottom quark; 

cuarc desendente N down quark; cuarc encantada N 

charm quark; cuarc strana N strange quark 

cuarzo N quartz 

cuasar N quasar 

cuasi ADV almost, nearly, not quite, just less than, 

virtually, practically; cuasi cadun PRON almost 

everyone 

cuatrigalon N quart 

cuatrim N quarter, twenty-five-cent piece, farthing 

(money) 

cuatro DET four; ADJ fourth (ordinal); cuatri VI VT 

quarter; N quarter, fourth (fraction); cuatrida ADJ 

quartered; quarto (book size); cuatruple ADJ quadruple; 

N quartet 

cuatrojemelo N quadruplet 

cuatroladal ADJ N quadrilateral 

cuatronaria ADJ quaternary (geology, chemistry) 

cuatropedal ADJ quadrupedal; N quadruped 

cuaxiorcor N kwashiorkor (disease) 

Cuba N Cuba; cuban ADJ N Cuban 

cubo ADJ cubic; N cube 

cucaraxa N cockroach (insect, order Blattaria) 

cuci N cookie (in browser) 

cucu N cuckoo (bird: family Cuculidae) 

cucui N candlenut (tree: Aleurites moluccana) 

cucurucu INTERJ cock-a-doodle-doo, crow (rooster) 

cudzu N kudzu (vine: genus Pueraria) 

cuecer ADJ N Quaker; cuecerisme N Quakerism 

cuerco N oak (tree: genus Quercus); cuerca N acorn 

cuieta ADJ quiet, calm, soft, faint, stealthy; ADV quietly, 

calmly, softly, faintly, stealthily; cuieti VI VT quieten, 

calm, calm down; cuietia N quiet, calm, quietness, 

calmness; noncuieta ADJ uneasy 

cuiz N quiz (game) 

culier N spoon, scoop; culier de table N tablespoon 

(spoon, measure); culier de te N teaspoon (spoon, 

measure); culieri VT (transfer by) spoon; culieron N 

ladle 

culmina VI culminate, climax, peak, crest; N culmination, 

climax, peak, summit, top, crest; paragon; punchline; 

culminante ADJ culminating, peaking, climaxing, 

climactic 

culo N ass (US), arse (Br), butt, bum, booty (informal: 

buttocks); culeta N bun, cheek (informal: buttock) 

culom N coulomb (measure) 

culote N (pair of) tap pants (US), French knickers (Br) 

culpa VT N blame; culpable ADJ guilty, blameworthy, 

culpable, responsible; culpablia N guilt; desculpa V 

exonerate; nonculpable ADJ innocent (of crime), 

blameless, not guilty 

cultiva VT cultivate, farm, grow (something); till, work 

(the soil); N crop, cultivation, agriculture, culture 

(medical); alterna de cultiva N crop rotation; 

cultivable ADJ cultivatable, farmable, growable; 

cultivada ADJ cultivated, farmed; cultivador N 

cultivator, tiller (machine); cultival ADJ agricultural; 

ADV agriculturally; cultiveria N farm, plantation; 

cultiveria grande N plantation, latifundium; cultivor N 

farmer, grower, agriculturalist, cultivator (person); 

noncultivada ADJ uncultivated 

culto N cult; cultiste N cultist; culto de personalia N 

personality cult 

cultur N culture, lifestyle; cultural ADJ cultural; 

intercultural ADJ intercultural, cross-cultural, crossculture 

cumbia N cumbia (dance) 

cumin N cumin (seed, plant: species Cuminum cyminum) 

cumula VI VT accumulate, hoard; N accumulation; 

cumulante ADJ cumulative 

cumulo ADJ N cumulus (cloud); cumulin ADJ cumulous; 

cumulosa ADJ cumulous 

cuna N cradle 

cuneforma ADJ N cuneiform 

cuneo N wedge, chock 

cungfu N kung fu 

cuno N cunt, pussy, fanny (Br) (informal: vagina) 

cuol N quoll (mammal: genus Dasyurus) 

cuoro N leather; cuoro vernisada N patent leather 

cuorum N quorum 

cupola N dome; cupola jeodesial N geodesic dome 

cupre N copper (element); cupri VT copper 

cura VT care, care for, take care of (person), nurse (sick 

person), minister (to someone in need); N care, concern; 

care (means of treatment); custody; ci cura INTERJ who 

cares (expressing disinterest); cura personal N 

grooming (human); cura prima N primary care; 

curante ADJ careful, deliberate; ADV carefully, 

deliberately; curor N carer, nurse (hospital worker); 

descura V neglect; N negligence, apathy; 

descurada ADJ neglected, overgrown; noncurante ADJ 

uncaring, indifferent, blasé 

Curan N Qur'an, Koran 

curcuma N turmeric (spice, plant: species Curcuma 

longa) 

Curdistan N Kurdistan; curdi ADJ N Kurdish, Kurd 


cureta N curette; cureti VT perform curettage; N curettage 

curgan N kurgan 

curio N curium (element) 

curiosa ADJ curious, inquisitive, nosy (but not arousing 

curiosity); curiosi VI become curious; VT intrigue, 

arouse curiosity; curiosia N curiosity 

curling N curling (sport) 

curlo N curlew (wading bird: genus Numenius) 

curso N course, path, track, trail, circuit, trajectory; curso 

alta N upper course (of river); curso basa N lower 

course (of river); curso corespondente N 

35

correspondence course; curso de corsa N racetrack, 

racecourse; curso de mus N mouse trail (software); 

curso de ostaculos N obstacle course; curso de 

studia N course of study; curso enlinia N online course, 

internet course; curso intensa N crash course; 

cursos N PL curriculum; estra cursos ADJ 

extracurricular 

cursor N cursor (software); courser (wading bird) 

curva ADJ curved, bent (naturally); N curve, bend; curva 

ornosa N flourish, ornate curve; curvi VI VT bend; bend 

down, stoop; curvida ADJ bent; curvosa ADJ curvy, 

voluptuous, curvaceous, sensuous 

cusin N cousin (male relative of one's own generation, but 

not brother or removed cousin); cusina N cousin 

(female relative of one's own generation, but not sister 

or removed cousin) 

cutanea ADJ cutaneous (of the skin) 

cuticula N cuticle 

cuxan ADJ N Kushan 

cuxin N cushion, pillow; cuxin de securia N safety 

cushion, airbag; cuxini VT cushion, pad; cuxinida ADJ 

cushioned, padded 

D 

D /de/ N D (letter, musical note) 

-da SUF ADJ N [added to a verb: ADJ passive participle, -ed 

(ascondeda); N person or thing that is -ed (comeda)] 

Dacia N Dacia 

dacota ADJ N Dakota (language) 

dado N die, dice; dados N PL dice 

daga N dagger 

dagare N Dagaare (person) 

dagereotipo N daguerreotype 

daiciri N daiquiri 

dalia N dahlia (plant: genus Dahlia) 

Dalmasia N Dalmatia; dalmasian ADJ N Dalmatian; N 

dalmatian (dog breed) 

daltonisme N daltonism 

dama N lady, dame, gentlewoman; bridesmaid; queen 

(chess, cards); dama de onora N maid of honor (US), 

maid of honour (Br); damas N checkers, draughts 

(game); damia N ladyship 

dana VT damage; N damage; dana criminal N vandalism 

dandi N fop, dandy, poseur, popinjay, hipster 

Danmarc N Denmark; dansce ADJ Danish; N Danish 

(person, language), Dane 

dansa VT dance, prance; flicker (flame); N dance; dansa 

cuadro N square dance; dansa de folclor N folk dance; 

dansa de moria N danse macabre; dansa de ventre N 

belly dance; dansa de xarleston N charleston (dance); 

dansor N dancer 

dardo N dart 

36 

darma N dharma 

darmstadtio N darmstadtium (element) 

darvix N dervish 

data N date (on calendar); dati VT date (define the date of) 

datila N date (fruit); datilo N date tree (tree: species 

Phoenix dactylifera) 

datilo N dactyl (poetry); datilal ADJ dactylic 

dativa ADJ N dative (grammar) 

dato N datum; datos N PL data 

datura N datura (plant: genus Datura) 

dau N Tao, Dao; dauisme N Taoism, Daoism; dauiste N 

Taoist, Daoist 

de PREP of, owned by; containing; from, out of, away 

from, off; since (in time); a 24 oras de la dia ADV 24 

hours a day, round the clock; de ci of whom, whose 

(relative); de cual of which, whose (relative); de 

cuando CONJ (time) since; de do ADV from where, 

where from, whence; de esta ADV thereof; de esta 

loca ADV from this place, away 

de N name of letter D 

debate VT N debate 

debe VT owe; must, should, ought to, need to, have to 

(social obligation); N duty; como debe es as it should 

be, as things should be; cual on debe ave ADJ musthave; 

debe de casa N housework, homework; nos ta 

debe aida we should help, we ought to help (but maybe 

we won't); tu debe deside you must decide, you decide 

debil ADJ feeble, weak; debili VI weaken, languish, 

attenuate; N attenuation; debilia N weakness 

deca- PREF deca- [× 10] 

decagon ADJ decagonal; N decagon 

decalogo N decalog (US), decalogue (Br), Ten 

Commandments 

decano N dean (religious, university) 

declara VT declare, state, assert, claim, maintain, profess; 

N statement, declaration, assertion, manifesto; declara 

cascadente de stilo N cascading style sheet; declara 

de stilo N style sheet 

declina VI VT decline; N declension, declination 

decora VT decorate (including with an honour), adorn, 

trim, garnish; N decoration, ornament, garnish, 

adornment; decoror N decorator; nondecorada ADJ 

undecorated, blank, plain 

dedica VT dedicate, devote; N dedication, devotion; 

dedicada ADJ dedicated, devoted, committed, staunch 

deduador N abductor (muscle) 

dedui VT deduce, infer, derive; N deduction, inference, 

derivation; deduinte ADJ deductive, inferential 

defende VT defend, advocate; N defense (US), defence 

(Br); autodefende N self-defense (US), self-defence 

(Br); defende de tese N viva voce, oral defense (US), 

oral defence (Br); defendor N defender, advocate, 

apologist, proponent; guardian (of a child or invalid); 

sin defende ADJ defenseless (US), defenceless (Br), 

helpless, vulnerable 

defeta N defeat; defetisme N defeatism; defetiste N

defeatist 

defeto N defect, glitch, bug; defetosa ADJ defective; 

desdefetador N debugger; desdefeti VT debug 

defia VT defy, challenge; N challenge; defiante ADJ 

challenging, defiant 

defini VT define; N definition; clue (in word game); 

definida ADJ defined, definite; defininte ADJ definitive; 

predefini V predefine 

defla VI VT deflate; N deflation 

degrada VI VT degrade; N degradation; degradante ADJ 

degrading, derogatory 

dejenera V degenerate, deteriorate, run down, decay; N 

degeneration, decay 

dejeta VT throw away, discard, dump, dispose; dejetada N 

garbage, waste, trash, rubbish, litter, refuse; dejeteria N 

transfer station, garbage dump, landfill (site), rubbish 

heap, dumping ground; dustheap, slag heap; dejetor N 

sanitation worker, garbage man, dustman 

delega VT delegate; N delegation; delegada ADJ 

delegated; N delegate 

deleta VT delight; N delight, glee; delicacy, appetizer, 

aperitif; deletada ADJ delighted; deleteria N 

delicatessen; deletosa ADJ delightful, delicious, 

sensuous 

delfin N dolphin (mammal: family Delphinidae and 

various other families of suborder Odontoceti); la 

Delfin N Delphinus (constellation); the Dauphin 

delicata ADJ delicate, fine, dainty, sensitive; delicatas N 

PL delicates; lingerie 

delinia ADJ ADV offline 

delirio N delirium; deliriosa ADJ delirious 

delta N delta (Greek letter, of river) 

delude VT disappoint; N disappointment, anticlimax; 

delude de suspende N anticlimax; deludente ADJ 

disappointing, anticlimactic; ADV anticlimactically 

deluvia VT flood, deluge; N flood, deluge, torrent 

demagogo N demagogue; demagogia N demagogy, 

demagoguery 

demanda VT ask, inquire, enquire, request; N question, 

inquiry, enquiry, petition, request; demanda a se N ask 

oneself, wonder; demanda alga cosa a algun ask 

someone (for) something; request something from 

someone; demanda alga cosa de algun ask someone 

(for) something; request something from someone 

(more polite, or reflecting a more onerous request); 

demanda autorespondente N rhetorical question; 

demanda codal N tag question, question tag; demanda 

e ofre N supply and demand; demanda gidante N 

leading question; fa un demanda V ask a question, pose 

a question, put a question, make a request 

demente ADJ demented, insane, crazy, mad; N lunatic, 

loony, madman, madwoman; dementeria N lunatic 

asylum, insane asylum, madhouse, nuthouse, bedlam; 

dementi VI go crazy, go insane, go mad; VT make crazy, 

drive mad, madden; dementia N dementia, insanity, 

madness 

democrata ADJ democratic; N democrat; democrati VI VT 

democratize; democratia N democracy 

demografia N demography; demografial ADJ 

demographic; demografiste N demographer 

demon N demon; demonal ADJ demonic 

demonim N demonym 

demonolojia N demonology 

demostra VT prove; N proof; demostra empirical N 

empirical proof; demostrable ADJ provable; 

demostrablia N provability; nondemostrada ADJ 

unproven, unconfirmed 

demotica ADJ demotic, vernacular; N vernacular 

dendrite N dendrite; dendritosa ADJ dendritic 

dendrocronolojia N dendrochronology 

denge N dengue (disease) 

denim N denim; de denim ADJ denim 

denova ADV again, anew, afresh 

densa ADJ dense, thick; densi VI thicken; VT compress 

(data); densia N density; resolution (of image) 

dente N tooth; tine, prong; dental ADJ dental; N dental 

(consonant); dente canin N canine tooth; dente canin 

superior N eyetooth; dente molente N molar; dente 

sisorante N incisor; dentiste N dentist; denton N tusk, 

fang; dentosa ADJ toothy, toothed; eruta de dentes N 

teething; interdental ADJ N interdental (consonant) 

dentela N lace 

denteleon N dandelion (plant: genus Taraxacum) 

denunsia VT denounce; N denouncement; denunsior N 

denouncer, whistleblower 

departe N department 

depende VI depend, rely; N dependence, dependency; 

reliance, addiction; dependente ADJ dependent, 

conditional, provisory; addicted; N dependant, ward; 

addict; dependente de PREP dependent on; 

dependente si CONJ on condition that, provided that 

deplora VT deplore, bemoan; deplorable ADJ deplorable 

depone VT deposit; N sedimentation; deponeda N 

sediment, silt 

depresa VT depress (push down, sadden); N depression; 

trough (of wave); depresa economial N economic 

depression; depresada ADJ depressed, dejected, down, 

melancholy 

deriva VI VT derive; N derivation; derivada ADJ derived, 

derivative; N derivative 

derma N dermis 

dermatero N earwig (insect: order Dermaptera) 

dermatolojia N dermatology 

des DET ten; ADJ tenth (ordinal); cuatrodes DET forty; ADJ 

fortieth (ordinal); des-du DET twelve; ADJ twelfth 

(ordinal); desdui VI VT split into twelve; N twelfth 

(fraction); desduple N dozen; desi VI VT split into ten; 

N tenth (fraction); tithe; dudes DET twenty; ADJ 

twentieth (ordinal); dudesi VI VT split into twenty; N 

twentieth (fraction); novedes DET ninety; ADJ ninetieth 

(ordinal); otodes DET eighty; ADJ eightieth (ordinal); 

sesdes DET sixty; ADJ sixtieth (ordinal); setedes DET 

seventy; ADJ seventieth (ordinal); sincodes DET fifty; 

ADJ fiftieth (ordinal); tredes DET thirty; ADJ thirtieth 

(ordinal); tredes-alga DET thirty-something; ADJ thirty- 

37

somethingth (ordinal) 

des- PREF V dis-, un- [added to a verb: undo the action 

(descarga); simplifies to “de-” before S, Z, J, X 

(dejela)] 

desarma V disarm; N disarmament 

desastre N disaster, crash, catastrophe, calamity; 

desastrosa ADJ disastrous, catastrophic 

descrive VT describe; N description 

desembre N December (month) 

desende VT descend, alight, get off, decline; 

desendente ADJ descending; N descendant, scion 

desenio N decade 

deser N dessert, pudding 

deserto N desert, wasteland, waste; deserti VI become 

desert; N desertification 

desi- PREF deci- [a tenth of] 

deside VT decide, resolve; N decision, verdict, resolution; 

desidente ADJ decisive 

desim N dime, ten-cent piece (money) 

desimal ADJ decimal 

desinia VT draw, sketch, illustrate; design, plan 

(creatively); N drawing, sketch, illustration; design, 

configuration; desiniador N graphics program; 

desinieta V N doodle; desinior N designer; desinior de 

jardines N landscape designer 

desira VT desire, wish for, fancy; N desire, wish; desira 

nonpratical N wishful thinking; desirada ADJ desirable; 

N object of desire; nondesirada ADJ undesired, 

undesirable; si desirada ADV optional, if desired 

desiste VI desist 

desmaia VI faint, swoon; N faintness (feeling faint) 

despedi VT dismiss (employee), fire, sack 

despera VI despair; N despair, desperation; 

desperante ADJ desperate 

despeta VT despise, scorn, disdain, revile, look down on; 

N contempt, scorn, disdain; despetante ADJ pejorative; 

despetosa ADJ contemptuous, scornful, disdainful 

destina VT destine; N destination; destiny; addressee; 

predestina V predestine; N predestination 

destra ADJ N right (not left); a destra ADV on the right; a 

destra de PREP on the right of; destrisme N rightism 

(political); destriste ADJ N right-wing, rightist 

(political); destrosa ADJ handy, dextrous, skillful (US), 

skilful (Br), deft 

destrui VT destroy, demolish; N destruction, demolition; 

autodestrui V self-destruct; autodestruinte ADJ selfdestructive; 

destruor N destroyer, demolisher; 

nondestruable ADJ indestructible 

deta N debt, debit; deta de jua N gambling debt; detor N 

debtor 

detalia VT N detail; detaliosa ADJ detailed, elaborate 

deterjente N detergent; deterjente de platos N 

dishwashing liquid (US), washing-up liquid (Br) 

determina VT determine, dictate; N determination; 

autodetermina V self-determine, self-direct; selfdetermination; 

determinante N determiner, 

38 

determinative (grammar); determinante de 

demanda N interrogative determiner (grammar); 

determinisme N determinism; deterministe ADJ 

deterministic; N determinist; nondeterminada ADJ 

indeterminate; nondeterministe ADJ non-deterministic; 

N non-determinist 

deteta VT detect, discern; N detection; detetador N 

detector; detetador de bombas N bomb detector; 

detetador de bombetas N mine detector; detetador de 

fumas N smoke detector; detetador de mentis N lie 

detector; detetador de metales N metal detector; 

detetor N detective, investigator, sleuth, gumshoe, 

private eye 

detrito N detritus; debris, rubble 

detrivor ADJ detrivorous; N detrivore 

deuterio N deuterium 

Deutxland N Germany; deutx ADJ N German (person, 

language) 

developa VI VT develop, hone; N development; developa 

la gripe V catch cold 

deveni VI (copula) become, get; me deveni vea I'm 

getting old 

devia VI deviate, stray; N deviation, aberration, detour; 

deviante ADJ deviating, deviated, stray, astray, aberrant 

devonian ADJ N devonian 

devora VT devour, gobble 

dia N day (not night); a la otra dia ADV the other day; dia 

completa N day (24-hour period); Dia D N D-day; dia 

de comersia N business day; dia de labora N working 

day; Dia de Memoria N Remembrance Day; dia 

santa N sabbath (religious day of week); dial ADJ daily, 

diurnal (occurring once a day); everyday; 

mediadia /mediadía/ N midday, noon 

diabete N diabetes; diabetal ADJ diabetic 

diablo N devil, Satan; diablo caxida N jack-in-the-box; 

diablo tasmanian N Tasmanian devil (mammal: species 

Sarcophilus harrisii); diablosa ADJ diabolic, diabolical 

diacon N deacon 

diacrona ADJ diachronic 

diafana ADJ translucent, diaphanous, sheer, gauzy, filmy, 

frosted, see-through, transparent (fabric); diafania N 

translucency 

diafonia N crosstalk 

diaframa N diaphragm; diaframa contraconsepal N 

contraceptive diaphragm 

diagnose VT diagnose; N diagnosis, diagnostics; 

maldiagnose V misdiagnose; N misdiagnosis; 

programes de diagnose N diagnostic tools (software) 

diagonal ADJ diagonal, slanted 

dialetica N dialectic; dialeticiste N dialectician 

dialeto N dialect 

diamante N diamond (including card suit); diamante 

bruta N uncut diamond; diamond in the rough 

diametre N diameter 

dianto N pink (plant: genus Dianthus) 

diapositiva N slide (photography)

diarcia N diarchy, dyarchy 

diarea N diarrhea (US), diarrhoea (Br) 

diario N diary 

diatonica ADJ diatonic 

dies ADJ N sharp (music) 

dieta VI N diet; dieta intensa N crash diet; dietiste N 

dietician; dietor N dieter 

difere VI differ; N difference; diferente ADJ different, 

disparate; diferente de different from, different than, 

other than 

diferensia N differential (mathematics); diferensial ADJ 

differential (mathematics) 

difisil ADJ difficult, hard, awkward; ADV awkwardly, with 

difficulty; difisilia N difficulty, awkwardness 

diftongo N diphthong 

difusa VT broadcast, diffuse, disseminate, spread; N 

broadcast, diffusion, dissemination 

dije N DJ, deejay, disc jockey 

dijesta VT digest; N digestion; maldijesta N indigestion 

dijitale N digitalis, foxglove (plant: genus Digitalis) 

dijito N digit (numerical); dijital ADJ digital; dijitali VI VT 

digitize 

dilata VI VT dilate; N dilation 

dildo N dildo 

dilema N dilemma, quandary 

dilui VT dilute, water down; N dilution; diluida ADJ 

diluted, dilute 

dimension N dimension (mathematics, physics); de tre 

dimensiones ADJ three-dimensional; dimensional ADJ 

dimensional; en tre dimensiones ADV in three 

dimensions, three-dimensionally 

dimetre N dimeter 

diminui VI VT decrease, diminish, lessen, shrink, contract, 

taper, wane, dwindle; depreciate (in value); 

diminuinte ADJ decreasing, shrinking, tapering, tapered 

dimsam N dim sum 

dinamica N dynamic, dynamics; dinamical ADJ dynamic, 

dynamical; dinamicisme N dynamism 

dinamite N dynamite; dinamitor N dynamiter 

dinamo N dynamo 

dinamometre N dynamometer 

dinar N dinar 

dinastia N dynasty; dinastial ADJ dynastic 

dine N dyne 

dine ADJ N Dine, Navaho (person, language) 

dingo N dingo (mammal: species Canis lupus dingo) 

dinia N dignity; diniosa ADJ dignified, stately; nondinia N 

indignity 

dinosauro N dinosaur 

dio N god, deity; de dio ADJ divine; dio minor N minor 

god, demigod; dio par macina N deus ex machina 

diodo N diode; diodo de lus N light-emitting diode, LED 

dionia N Venus flytrap (plant: species Dionaea muscipula) 

diosido N dioxide; diosido de carbono N carbon dioxide 

diploide ADJ N diploid 

diploma N diploma, degree; (diploma) dotoral N doctorate; 

(diploma) laural N bachelor's (degree), baccalaureate; 

(diploma) mestral N master's (degree) 

diplomata ADJ diplomatic; N diplomat; diplomatia N 

diplomacy; diplomatia navetal N shuttle diplomacy 

diplopia N diplopia, double vision 

dipno N lungfish (subclass Dipnoi) 

direta ADJ direct, straight, immediate; ADV directly, 

immediately; difusa direta N live broadcast, live 

transmission; direta cuando CONJ as soon as; 

nondireta ADJ indirect, roundabout; program direta N 

live program (television, radio) 

direto N right, just claim; prerogative; ave la direto V 

have the right, be qualified; direto de autor N 

copyright; direto de vota N right to vote, suffrage, 

franchise; diretos N PL rights; diretos de autor N 

royalties 

dirije VT direct, steer; manage, administer, administrate, 

orchestrate, operate, run (business); N direction, 

management, administration; de un dirije ADJ one-way; 

dirijador N router (computer network); dirijal ADJ 

administrative, managerial; dirije se a V direct oneself 

to, address oneself to (audience, task); dirijor N director, 

executive, trustee, manager, administrator; dirijor de 

selebra N event planner; dirijores N PL administration, 

management, board (directors, trustees); en dirije 

a PREP in the direction of, towards; nondirijeda ADJ 

undirected, unaimed, aimless 

disacarido N disaccharide 

disco N disc; disk, record, CD, CD-ROM; disco (music); 

dial (of telephone, radio, etc); discador N DVD player, 

DVD recorder, DVD writer; CD player, CD recorder, 

CD writer; disci VT dial; disco compata N compact 

disc, CD; disco de hoci N hockey puck; disco de 

inisia N startup disk; disco dur N hard disk, hard drive; 

disco mol N floppy disk; disco video N video disc, 

DVD 

discoteca N disco, discotheque 

discreta ADJ discreet; nondiscreta ADJ indiscreet 

discute VT discuss, talk about, deliberate; N discussion, 

deliberation 

dise VT say, tell, utter; N utterance; bondise V bless; N 

blessing, benediction, beatitude; bondises N PL 

blessings; como diseda par according to, as said by; 

dise forte V assert; N assertion; diseda ADJ said; N 

saying, maxim, adage, proverb; diseda par according 

to; diseda saja N wise saying, word of wisdom; diseno 

(disenó) (comp) N naysayer; disesi (disesí) (comp) N 

yes-man; maldise V curse, damn (wish evil upon); 

blaspheme; N curse, malediction, blasphemy; on ta 

dise ADV one might say, you could say, as it were; 

redise V say again, reiterate; rephrase 

disenteria N dysentery 

disenti V dissent; N dissention; disentor N dissenter, 

apostate, nonconformist 

disfajia N dysphagia 

39

disfasia N dysphasia 

disforia N dysphoria 

disi N flowerpecker (bird: family Dicaeidae) 

disionario N dictionary; disionario de sinonimes N 

dictionary of synonyms, thesaurus 

disipa VI VT dissipate 

disiplina VT N discipline; autodisiplina N self-discipline; 

disiplinor N disciplinarian 

disiplo N disciple, protege 

disolve VI VT dissolve; N dissolution; solution (liquid 

mixture); disolvable ADJ soluble; disolveda ADJ 

dissolved; N solute; disolvente ADJ dissolving; N 

solvent; nondisolvable ADJ insoluble 

dispepsia N dyspepsia 

displasia N dysplasia 

dispnea N dyspnea 

dispone VT have available, have at one's disposal; 

disponable ADJ available; disponablia N availability; 

nondisponable ADJ unavailable 

disposa VT dispose (someone to), predispose; N 

disposition, predisposition, attitude, approach; disposa 

mental N mental attitude, mindset; disposada ADJ 

inclined, disposed, predisposed 

disprosio N dysprosium (element) 

disputa VI quarrel, argue, dispute; N argument, debate, 

dispute, conflict, strife; disputosa ADJ quarrelsome, 

argumentative, tetchy, irritable, bad-tempered, irascible, 

cross 

distante ADJ distant, remote, far; aloof; ADV far away, in 

the distance, distantly; a distantia ADJ remote, 

(operating) from a distance; distanti VI distance, move 

away, become distant; VT make distant; distantia N 

distance; plu distante ca PREP farther than, beyond 

distila VT distill (US), distil (Br); N distillation; 

distilada ADJ distilled; N distilled beverage, liquor, 

spirit; distileria N distillery 

distingui VT distinguish, differentiate, discriminate, tell 

apart, characterize; N distinction, differentiation, 

discrimination, characterization; distinguida ADJ 

distinct, distinctive; distinguinte ADJ selective, 

discriminating; distinguinte leteras major ADJ casesensitive; 

nondistinguinte ADJ indiscriminate, 

undifferentiated; nondistinguinte leteras major ADJ 

case-insensitive, case-blind; sin distingui ADJ 

indiscriminate, undifferentiated 

distonia N dystonia 

distrae VT distract; N distraction 

distribui VT distribute, dispense, serve out, hand out, hand 

round, deal (cards); N distribution 

distrito N district 

distrofia N dystrophy; distrofica ADJ dystrophic 

disturba VT disturb, perturb, disrupt, interfere (with 

normal functioning); interrupt, intrude on, impose on, 

disconcert; N disturbance, perturbation, disruption, 

commotion; disorder (medical); disturba se (per) V be 

bothered (with), go to the trouble (of), make the effort 

(of); disturbante ADJ disturbing 

40 

disuria N dysuria 

dita VT dictate; N dictation 

dito N finger; dital N thimble; dito de anelo N ring finger, 

fourth finger; dito de pede N toe; dito indicante N 

index finger; dito media N middle finger; dito peti N 

little finger, pinky; diton N thumb; inch (measure); 

diton de pede N big toe; sur la ditos de se pedes ADV 

on tiptoe 

ditransitiva ADJ ditransitive (grammar) 

diurna ADJ daytime, diurnal (biology) 

diva N diva, goddess; divin ADJ divine, godlike 

Divehi N Maldives (also Maldives); divehi ADJ N 

Maldivian 

diverje VI VT divert, diverge, turn in another direction; N 

divergence 

diversa ADJ diverse, motley; diversi VI VT diversify; 

diversia N diversity, variety 

diverti VT amuse, entertain, divert; N amusement, 

entertainment, diversion, fun; diverti bon V have fun, 

have a good time; divertida ADJ amused, entertained; 

divertinte ADJ amusing, entertaining; divertor N 

entertainer 

diverticulite N diverticulitis 

diverticulo N diverticulum 

diverticulose N diverticulosis 

divide VI VT divide, part, split, fork, partition; ration, hand 

part over; N division, parting, splitting, partitioning; 

rationing; septum; divide de comeda N food rationing; 

divideda entre PREP divided by, per, out of; sudivide V 

subdivide; N subdivision 

dividendo N dividend 

divina VT guess, conjecture, speculate; N guess, 

speculation; divina informada N educated guess; 

divinante ADJ guessing, speculative; divinor N 

speculator 

divorsa VT divorce; N divorce 

Djava N Java; djava ADJ Javanese (person, language) 

Djibuti N Djibouti; djibuti ADJ N Djibouti 

djiniu N Jin, Jin-yu (language) 

do ADV (interrogative) where; (relative) where; CONJ 

where; a do ADV to where, where to, whither; sempre 

do CONJ wherever 

dobro N dobro (resonator guitar) 

doca N dock; ariva a doca V dock 

documento N document; documenti VT document; N 

documentation (act); documentos N PL documents, 

documentation; documentos de identia N PL identity 

documents, credentials 

dodo N dodo (bird) 

dogma N dogma; dogmisme N dogmatism; dogmosa ADJ 

dogmatic 

dolar N dollar 

dole VI feel pain, hurt; VT cause pain to, pain, hurt, afflict; 

N pain, hurt, ache, suffering, affliction; dolable ADJ 

vulnerable; dole de cor N heartache (metaphor); dole 

de dente N toothache; dole de dorso N backache, back

pain; dole de mundo N weltschmerz; dole de orea N 

earache; dole de stomaco N stomachache; dole de 

testa N headache; dole de ventre N bellyache; 

dolosa ADJ painful, sore; me dole I hurt, I am in pain; 

me gama dole me my leg hurts 

dolmen N dolmen 

doma VT domesticate, tame; domada ADJ domesticated, 

tame, domestic 

doman ADV tomorrow; a la dia pos doman ADV the day 

after tomorrow 

domina VT dominate, domineer, prevail, subjugate; N 

domination, dominion, domain, sovereignty; domina 

publica N public domain; dominante ADJ dominant, 

domineering; mainstream 

Dominica N Dominica; dominican ADJ N Dominican; 

dominican (monk) 

domino N domino; dominos N PL dominoes 

dona VT give, contribute, donate, impart, pass, hand, 

confer, grant, endow, bestow; N contribution, donation, 

grant, endowment; dona acua a V water (animals); 

dona de Dio N godsend; dona lete a V nurse (give milk 

to); dona un titulo a V entitle; donada ADJ given; N 

present, gift, tip, donation, contribution; donadas N PL 

presents, gifts, largess, largesse; donor N giver, donor, 

donator; redona V give back, return 

donce ADV therefore, so, then, consequently, thus, ergo, 

thereby, thusly; e donce INTERJ so what (disinterest); 

and then (question) 

dongle N dongle 

donut N donut, doughnut 

dopamina N dopamine 

dora VT gild; dorada ADJ gilded 

dorado N dorado (fish: species Salminus maxillosus); la 

Dorado N Dorado (constellation) 

dormi VI sleep; N sleep, slumber; dormeria N dormitory 

(shared sleeping quarters); dormeta V doze, nap, 

snooze; N doze, nap, snooze, siesta; dormi tro longa V 

oversleep; dorminte ADJ sleeping, asleep; dormosa ADJ 

sleepy, drowsy 

dorso N back, dorsal area; reverse (side); tails (of coin); 

dorsal ADJ dorsal, of the back; dorso de mano N back 

of the hand; dorso de montania N mountain ridge 

dosa VT dose; N dose; supradosa V overdose; N overdose 

dote N dowry 

dotor N doctor; dotor medical N medical doctor, 

physician 

Dr ABBR (= dotor) Dr 

dracma N drachma 

draga VT dredge, trawl; dragabombeta (comp) N 

minesweeper 

dragon N dragon; la Dragon N Draco (constellation) 

drama N drama; drami VT dramatize; N dramatization; 

dramiste N dramatist; dramosa ADJ dramatic, 

dramatical, spectacular, histrionic; supradramosa ADJ 

sensational, sensationalistic, overdramatic, 

overdramatized; supradramosia N sensationalism 

dramaturjia N dramaturgy 

drena VT drain 

drepani N Hawaiian honeycreeper (bird: subfamily 

Drepanidinae) 

droga N drug 

drogamanica ADJ addicted to drugs; N drug addict 

droma N crab plover (wading bird: species Dromas 

ardeola) 

dromedario N dromedary 

drongo N drongo (bird: family Dicruridae) 

drosera N sundew (plant: genus Drosera) 

Druciul N Bhutan (also Butan); brug ADJ N bhutanese, 

Bhutanse 

druida N druid 

drupa N drupe 

du DET two; ADJ second (ordinal); a du veses ADV twice; 

duable ADJ even (number); dual ADJ dual (grammar); 

dui VI VT halve, split in two, bisect, fork, bifurcate; N 

half; duida ADJ halved, half; duple ADJ double, 

twofold, duplex, dual; N double, pair, couple, duet; 

dupli VI VT double, duplicate; dub, overdub; N 

duplication, redundancy; duplia N duality; duplida ADJ 

doubled, duplicated; dubbed, overdubbed; duplinte ADJ 

duplicating, redundant; duplisme N dualism, duality, 

dichotomy, bifurcation; dupliste N dualist; duettist; en 

duples ADV two by two, in pairs, in couples; 

nonduable ADJ odd (number) 

duana N customs (agency) 

dubnio N dubnium (element) 

ducat N ducat 

dudesim N five-cent piece, nickel (money) 

duel N duel 

dugong N dugong (mammal: species Dugong dugon) 

dulse ADJ sweet; nice, gentle, cute 

dulse per la oios ADJ nice to look at, pleasing on the eye; 

N (informal) eye-candy; dulsi VI VT sweeten; dulsia N 

sweetness, gentleness, cuteness; dulsinte N sweetener 

duna N dune 

duodeno N duodenum 

dur ADJ hard, firm, tough, resistant to pressure; difficult; 

duri VI VT harden, toughen 

dura VI endure, continue to exist, last, hold out, eke out; N 

endurance, stamina, staying power, durability; dura 

tra V last for (a time); durante ADJ durable, resilient, 

robust, sturdy, strong, lasting, long-lasting 

duramadre N dura mater (anatomy) 

duta VT doubt; N doubt; dutada ADJ dubious, doubted, 

doubtful; dutante ADJ skeptical, doubtful; dutas N 

scruples; nondutable ADJ undoubtable, indubitable 

duto N duct, shaft (tunnel); duto de caldi N heating duct, 

flue; duto de fuma N flue; duto sangual N blood vessel 

dux N shower, sprinkler; shower stall, shower cubicle; dux 

vajinal N (vaginal) douche; duxi VT shower, sprinkle, 

water (flowers); duxierba (comp) N (garden) sprinkler; 

duxi se V take a shower 

duxe N duke; duxal ADJ ducal; duxesa N duchess; 

duxia N duchy 

41

dvd ABBR DVD 

E N E (letter, musical note) 

E 

e CONJ and; e esta e acel CONJ both this and that; 

e/o CONJ and/or 

ebanite N ebonite 

ebano N ebony 

ebra ADJ drunk, intoxicated; N drunkard; ebri VI get 

drunk, intoxicate; VT intoxicate; N intoxication; ebria N 

drunkenness, inebriation; posebra ADJ hung over; 

posebria N hangover 

ec ABBR (= de la eda comun) CE, AD, anno domini 

ecg ABBR (= eletrocardiograf) ECG, EKG 

ecidna N echidna, spiny anteater (mammal: family 

Tachyglossidae) 

ecimose N ecchymosis 

ecinodermato N echinoderm (phylum) 

ecipo N crew, team, squad 

ecler N éclair 

ecletica ADJ eclectic; ecleticisme N eclecticism 

eclis N eclipse; eclis anelin N annular eclipse; eclisal ADJ 

ecliptic; N ecliptic; eclisi VI VT eclipse 

eco N echo; fa un eco V echo 

ecografia N echography 

ecolojia N ecology; ecolojial ADJ ecological; ecolojial 

sana ADJ environmentally friendly, eco-friendly; 

ecolojiste N ecologist 

economia N economy; economics; economia libriste N 

liberal economy, laissez-faire economy; economial ADJ 

economic; economiste N economist 

ecosistem N ecosystem 

ecotono N ecotone 

ectare N hectare 

ecto- PREF hecto- [× 100] 

Ecuador N Ecuador; ecuadoran ADJ N Ecuadoran 

ecuator N equator 

ecuilibra VI VT balance; N balance, equilibrium; 

desecuilibra V imbalance, throw off balance, tip over, 

topple; ecuilibra idrostatica N hydrostatic balance, 

hydrostatic equilibrium; nonecuilibra N imbalance 

ecuinote N equinox; ecuinote de autono N autumnal 

equinox; ecuinote de primavera N vernal equinox 

ecuisito N horsetail (plant: genus Equisetum) 

eczema N eczema 

eda N age (measure of years); epoch, era; ante la eda 

comun ADJ ADV BCE, before the common era, BC, 

before Christ; antieda ADJ anti-aging; de la eda 

comun ADJ ADV CE, AD, anno domini; eda comun N 

common era; eda de bronze N bronze age; eda de 

fero N iron age; eda de petra N stone age; eda 

42 

glasial N ice age; eda grande N longevity; eda matur N 

old age; eda media N middle age; eda scolal N school 

age 

edema N edema 

Eden N Eden 

edera N ivy (plant: genus Hedera) 

ederdon N eiderdown 

edita VT edit; N editing; edition; coedita V coedit; 

coeditor N coeditor; editador N editor, editing program; 

editador de fasimil N WYSIWYG editor; editor N 

editor, publisher 

ef N name of letter F 

efedra N ephedra (plant: genus Ephedra) 

efemera N mayfly (order Ephemeroptera) 

efeto N effect; efeto spesial N special effect 

efrata VT burglarize (US), burgle (Br); N burglary; 

efrator N burglar 

egal ADJ equal; tied, drawn; N tie, draw (match result); 

atenta egali V try to catch up, play catch-up; 

egalador N equalizer (filter); egali VI equalize, catch 

up; VT match, catch up with; N equation; egalia N 

equality; nonegal ADJ unequal; nonegalia N inequality 

Egipte N Egypt (also Misre); egipsian ADJ N Egyptian 

egiptolojia N Egyptology; egiptolojiste N Egyptologist, 

Egyptologue 

eglefin N haddock (fish: species Melanogrammus 

aeglefinus) 

eglesa N church (building, organization); egleseta N 

chapel; eglesor N clergyman, member of the clergy; 

eglesores N PL clergy 

ego N ego, self; egoisme /ego-isme/ N selfishness; 

egoiste /ego-iste/ ADJ selfish, egotistical; N egoist; 

egosa ADJ egotistical, arrogant, insolent, haughty, 

conceited, vainglorious, overweening, puffed up, 

overbearing, pretentious, affected, ostentatious, full of 

oneself, conceited, stuck-up, bold, brash, high-handed; 

egosia N egotism, arrogance, insolence; supraego N 

superego 

egosentral ADJ egocentric 

einsteinio N einsteinium (element) 

ejacula VT ejaculate; N ejaculation 

ejeta VT eject; N ejection; ejetada ADJ N ejective 

(consonant) 

el PRON he, she; him, her; elisme N illeism 

el N name of letter L; en forma de L ADJ L-shaped 

elaman ADJ N Elamite 

Elas N Greece; elinica ADJ Greek 

elastan N elastane, spandex, lycra 

elastica ADJ elastic; N elastic 

elefante N elephant (mammal: family Elephantidae); 

elefantin ADJ elephantine 

elefantiase N elephantiasis 

elefen ADJ N LFN, Lingua Franca Nova; elefeni VI VT 

LFN-ify, translate into LFN; elefeniste N LFN speaker, 

LFN advocate

eleje VT choose, select, pick, elect, opt; N choice, election, 

selection; elejable ADJ electable, eligible, alternative, 

optional; N option, alternative, choice; elejablia N 

elegibility, electability; elejal ADJ electoral; eleje par 

comite V co-opt; elejeda ADJ chosen, elite; elejedas N 

PL chosen ones, elite; elejente ADJ discriminating, 

choosy; elejor N elector 

elemento N element (basic part, including chemical); 

factor 

eletrica N electricity; eletrical ADJ electric, electrical; 

eletrici VT electrify; N electrification; eletricinte ADJ 

electrifying; eletriciste N electrician 

eletrocardiograf N electrocardiograph, ECG, EKG; 

eletrocardiografia N electrocardiography 

eletrocuta VT electrocute; N electrocution 

eletrodinamica N electrodynamics; eletrodinamical ADJ 

electrodynamic 

eletrodo N electrode 

eletrofisiolojia N electrophysiology 

eletrolise VT electrolyze (US), electrolyse (Br); N 

electrolysis; eletrolisal ADJ electrolytic 

eletrolito N electrolyte 

eletromagnete N electromagnet; eletromagnetal ADJ 

electromagnetic; eletromagnetia N electromagnetism 

eletromecanica N electromechanics; 

eletromecanical ADJ electromechanical 

eletron N electron 

eletronica N electronics (science); eletronical ADJ 

electronic; eletronicales N PL electronics (components) 

eletrostatica ADJ electrostatic 

eleva VT bring up, raise, rear; breed (raise animals); N 

upbringing 

elfo N elf; elfin ADJ elfin, elfish 

elianto N sunflower (plant, bloom: species Helianthus 

annuus) 

elica ADJ helical; N helix; propeller; elicador N auger; 

elicador de Arcimedes N Archimedes' screw 

elicotor N helicopter; elicotor de ataca N helicopter 

gunship 

elidi VT elide; N elision 

elimina VT eliminate, annihilate, obliterate, eradicate, 

purge; N elimination, annihilation, obliteration, 

eradication 

eliniste ADJ Hellenistic; N Hellenist; elinisme N 

Hellenism 

elio N helium (element) 

eliosentral ADJ heliocentric 

elise ADJ elliptic, elliptical; N ellipse 

elizabetan ADJ Elizabethan 

elmo N helmet 

em N name of letter M 

em INTERJ um, uh, er, erm (hesitation) 

ematemese N hematemesis (US), haematemesis (Br) 

ematoma N hematoma (US), haematoma (Br), bruising 

ematopoiese N hematopoiesis 

ematuria N hematuria (US), haematuria (Br) 

embarasa VT embarrass; N embarrassment; 

embarasada ADJ embarrassed, sheepish; 

embarasante ADJ embarrassing 

embarca VT embark, board, go aboard; desembarca V 

disembark 

embargo N embargo 

emberiza N bunting (bird: genus Emberiza, etc) 

embolia N embolism 

embosce VT ambush, waylay; N ambush 

embraje N clutch (mechanism); desembraji V declutch; 

embraji VT apply the clutch (to) 

embrio N embryo 

embriolojia N embryology; embriolojial ADJ 

embryological 

embuto N funnel (for pouring); embuti VT funnel 

emelian ADJ N Emilian 

emerji VI emerge, emanate; loom up; hatch; surface; N 

emergence, emanation; nova emerjinte ADJ newly 

emergent, up-and-coming 

emete VT emit; N emission; emetador N emitter; exhaust 

(system) 

emfisema N emphysema 

emisfera N hemisphere 

emoglobina N hemoglobin (US), haemoglobin (Br) 

emopatia N hemopathy (US), haemopathy (Br) 

emoraje N hemorrhage (US), haemorrhage (Br) 

emoroide N hemorrhoid (US), haemorrhoid (Br) 

emosia VT affect, move (emotionally); N emotion, 

sentiment, emotiveness, emotivity; emosial ADJ 

emotional (to do with emotion); emosiosa ADJ 

sentimental, emotional (full of emotion) 

emosicon N emoticon 

emositoblasto N hemocytoblast 

emostase N hemostasis (US), haemostasis (Br) 

empapa VT soak, drench, macerate; indoctrinate; N 

soaking, drenching, maceration; indoctrination; 

empapada ADJ soaked, drenched, sodden, soggy 

empatia N empathy (ability to recognize or share the 

feelings of others); empatiosa ADJ empathetic 

empirical ADJ empirical, objective; empiricalia N 

objectivity; empiricisme N empiricism; empiriciste N 

empiricist 

emplea VT employ (person), hire; N employment, job; 

autoempleada ADJ self-employed; con tro multe 

empleadas ADJ overstaffed; con tro poca 

empleadas ADJ understaffed; emplea a stranjer V 

outsource; N outsourcing; emplea con salario N 

salaried employment; empleable ADJ employable; 

empleablia N employability; empleada ADJ employed; 

N employee; empleadas N PL employees, staff; 

empleor N employer, boss; nonemplea N 

unemployment; nonempleada ADJ unemployed 

emporta VT import; N importation; emportor N importer 

emprende VT undertake, take on, take over; N 

43

undertaking, enterprise; emprende publica N (public) 

utility; emprendor N entrepreneur 

empresta VT borrow; emprestor N borrower 

emu N emu (bird: species Dromaius novaehollandiae) 

emulsion N emulsion; emulsioni VI VT emulsify 

en PREP in, within (space, time, state, manner, language); 

into; during; a en ADV within, inside; PREP in, into 

(indicating movement); de en ADV from within; PREP 

from inside of, out of (indicating movement); en 

cuando CONJ while; vive en felisia V live in happiness, 

live happily 

en N name of letter N 

enaira VI take off, lift off (aircraft); N take-off, lift-off 

enama VT enamor (US), enamour (Br), cause to fall in 

love; deveni enamada par V fall in love with; es 

enamada par V be enamored with (US), be enamoured 

with (Br) 

enarma VT arm (with weapons); N armament (act); 

reenarma V rearm; N rearmament 

encanta VT enchant, bewitch, beguile, cast a spell, 

captivate, charm; N spell, incantation, enchantment; 

desencanta V disenchant; N disenchantment; 

encantada ADJ enchanted, bewitched; INTERJ pleased to 

meet you; encantante ADJ charming, engaging 

encarga VT commission, order, entrust, charge; N 

commission, order, responsibility; encarga algun con 

solve un problem entrust someone with solving a 

problem, commission someone to solve a problem; 

encargada ADJ entrusted, responsible; N commission 

(authorized group) 

encefalina N enkephalin 

enclave N enclave 

enclui VT enclose, shut in 

encontra VT meet, encounter, come across; N meeting, 

date, appointment, briefing, assignation, session 

(therapy, music); encontra acaso V stumble upon; N 

chance encounter 

endemica ADJ N endemic 

endocrin ADJ endocrine 

endocrinolojia N endocrinology 

endogamia N endogamy, inbreeding 

endometriose N endometriosis 

endoplasma N endoplasma 

endorfina N endorphin 

endotelio N endothelium 

Eneada N Aeneid 

enema N enema 

enemi ADJ hostile; N enemy, adversary; enemia N hostility 

(quality), malignity 

enerjia N energy, power; verve, vigor (US), vigour (Br); 

enerjiosa ADJ energetic, vigorous, brisk; par enerjia de 

pilas ADJ battery-powered; par enerjia solal ADJ solarpowered 

enets ADJ N Enets, Samoyed, Samoyedic (person, 

language) 

enfante ADJ N child; enfante unica N only child; 

44 

enfantes N PL children, offspring, progeny; enfantia N 

childhood; enfantin ADJ childish, childlike, innocent; 

enfantor N childminder, nanny, nurse 

enferno N hell, inferno, perdition; enfernal ADJ infernal, 

damned, damn, blasted 

enflue VI flow in; VT input; N influx, input, intake; flow 

(of tide) 

engana VT deceive, hoax, bluff; N deception, subterfuge, 

hoax, bluff, deceit, duplicity; enganosa ADJ deceitful, 

deceptive, duplicitous, devious, sneaky, underhanded, 

deceitful, duplicitous 

England N England; engles ADJ N English (person, 

language); englesi VI VT anglicize; N anglicization 

engoli VT swallow, engulf, envelop 

engrana VT engage (gears, combat); N engagement 

(gears, combat); gear (a setting of gears); 

desengrana V disengage (gears, combat); N 

disengagement (gears, combat); engrana de avansa N 

drive, forward gear; engrana de retira N reverse, 

reverse gear; engrana mor N neutral (gear); engrana 

prima N first gear; engranada ADJ engaged (gears); 

engranador N gearbox, transmission 

enigma N enigma, puzzle 

enlinia ADJ ADV online 

enorme ADJ enormous, giant, huge, vast, immense, 

colossal, tremendous, prodigious; ADV enormously, 

hugely, vastly; enormia N vastness, enormity, 

immensity, bulk 

enotera N evening primrose (plant: genus Oenothera) 

enrola VI VT wind, coil, wind up (mechanism); curl up, 

snuggle 

enscrive VT inscribe, subscribe, register (for activity), 

enlist, enroll (US), enrol (Br), recruit; N inscription, 

subscription, registration, enlistment, enrollment (US), 

enrolment (Br); enscrive como direto de autor V 

copyright; enscrive de tomba N epitaph; 

enscriveda ADJ inscribed, subscribed, registered, 

enrolled, recruited; N recruit 

ensela VT saddle 

ensende VT set fire to, light, ignite, kindle, turn on (light); 

N ignition; ensende criminal N arson; ensende se V 

catch fire; ensendelampa N lamplighter; 

ensendente ADJ igniting, incendiary 

ensenia VT teach; ensenia a enfantes V teach children; 

ensenia la regulas a algun V teach someone the rules; 

ensenior N teacher, lecturer; ensenior privada N tutor 

ensiclopedia N encyclopedia 

ensinta ADJ pregnant; ensinti VI become pregnant; VT 

impregnate; ensintia N pregnancy; ensintial ADJ 

prenatal 

ensirca VT surround, encircle, enclose, frame, encompass, 

encapsulate, cup (as with hands); N enclosure; ensirca 

de bebe N playpen; ensirca de bestias N pen, corral; 

ensirca de cavalos N paddock, corral; ensirca de 

oveas N sheep pen, sheepcote, sheepfold, folding; 

ensircada par tera ADJ landlocked; ensircante ADJ 

encircling, peripheral 

ensofla VT sniff, snort; N sniff, snort, insufflation;

ensofable ADJ sniffable; N snuff 

enspira VT inhale, breathe in; N inhalation; enspira 

subita V N gasp; enspirador N inhaler 

entera VT bury, inter; N burial; desentera V disinter, 

exhume, dig up, unearth; entereria N landfill site; 

enteror N gravedigger 

entero N integer 

entomolojia N entomology; entomolojiste N entomologist 

entra VI enter, go in, come in, log in (software); VT admit 

(to place); N admission (to place), entrance, entry, 

check-in, threshold, concourse; entra a un sala V enter 

a room, go into a room; entra par forsa V break in 

entre PREP between, among, amid; within (a group); 

divided by [short for “divideda entre”]; a entre ADV in 

between; entre cual between which, within which 

(relative); entre la du ADV between the two, in between 

entregama N crotch 

entreseno N cleavage 

entretempo N meantime; en la entretempo ADV in the 

meantime, meanwhile, in the interim 

entretexe VT interweave, interlace, interleave, interlock 

entropia N entropy 

envelopa N envelope 

envia VT send, dispatch, transmit, transfer, submit; N 

transmission; envia a via V send away, send off, 

dismiss; enviador N transmitter; envior N sender; 

reenvia V send back, return 

envolve VT wrap, wrap up, envelop; involve; N 

involvement; desenvolve V unwrap; envolve en leto V 

tuck into bed; es envolveda en V be involved in, be 

wrapped up in, be party to 

enzima N enzyme 

eon N eon (US), aeon (Br) (geology: a period of billions 

of years) 

eosene ADJ N eocene 

eosinofil N eosinophil 

epatal ADJ hepatic 

epatica N liverwort (plant: division Marchantiophyta); 

hepatica, liverwort, liverleaf (plant: genus Hepatica) 

epe N épée (sword) 

epica ADJ epic; N epic (work) 

epidemica ADJ N epidemic 

epiderma N epidermis 

epididimo N epididymus 

epifania N epiphany; sera de epifania N Epiphany Eve, 

Twelfth Night 

epiglote N epiglottis; epiglotal ADJ epiglottal; N epiglottal 

(consonant) 

epilesia N epilepsy; epilesica ADJ epileptic 

epilogo N epilog (US), epilogue (Br), afterword 

epinefrina N epinephrine, adrenaline 

episcopalian ADJ N Episcopalian; episcopalianisme N 

Episcopalianism 

episodio N episode, installment (US), instalment (Br); 

episodial ADJ episodic 

epitelio N epithelium 

epiteto N epithet 

epoca N epoch 

eponim ADJ eponymous; N eponym 

epsilon N epsilon (Greek letter) 

Er N Ireland; eres ADJ N Irish, Gaelic (person, language) 

er N name of letter R 

era VI err, make a mistake; N error, mistake; era grande N 

big mistake, blunder; erante ADJ mistaken, wrong; 

ereta V slip, make a small mistake; N booboo, small 

mistake, glitch; erosa ADJ very wrong, badly mistaken, 

riddled with errors 

era N era (geology: a period of hundreds of millions of 

years) 

eraldo N herald; eraldia N heraldry; eraldial ADJ heraldic 

erba N grass (plant: family Gramineae); herb; lawn; 

erbosa ADJ grassy; estrae mal erbas V weed; mal 

erba N weed 

erbio N erbium (element) 

erbiside N herbicide, weedkiller 

erbivor ADJ herbivorous; N herbivore 

eremita N hermit; eremiteria N hermitage 

erese ADJ heretical; N heretic; eresia N heresy 

-eria SUF N [added to any root: place where people 

perform the action of a verb (refineria), or produce, use, 

or house a noun (paneria; monceria), or apply the 

quality of an adjective (beleria)] 

erica N heath (plant: genus Erica); erica arborin N white 

heather, brier, briar (wood used for pipes) (plant: 

species Erica arborea) 

Eridano N Eridanus (constellation) 

erije VT erect, put up; N erection 

eriso N hedgehog (mammal: subfamily Erinaceinae) 

erita VT inherit; N inheritance, heritage, heredity; 

deserita V disinherit; erita de familia N heirloom; 

erital ADJ hereditary; eritor N heir, scion; eritor legal N 

heir apparent 

eritema N erythema 

eritroblasto N erythroblast 

eritropoiese N erythropoiesis 

eritrosite N erythrocyte, red blood cell 

ermino N ermine, stoat (mammal: species Mustela 

erminea) 

ernia N hernia, rupture; ernia femoral N femoral hernia; 

ernia iatal N hiatal hernia; ernia inguinal N inguinal 

hernia; ernia ombilical N umbilical hernia 

erode VT erode; N erosion 

eroe N hero, heroine, protagonist; antieroe N antihero, 

antiheroine; eroin /ero-in/ ADJ heroic; eroisme /eroisme/ 

N heroism; supraeroe N superhero 

eroina /ero-ina/ N heroin (drug) 

erojena ADJ erogenous 

eron N heron 

erotica ADJ erotic; autoerotica ADJ autoerotic 

45

erpes N herpes 

Ertra N Eritrea; ertri ADJ N Eritrean 

eruga N caterpillar (larval form of order Lepidoptera) 

eruta VI erupt, break out (in a rash); N eruption, rash 

(medical); eruta de dentes N teething 

es VI (copula) be, is, are, am; esente ADJ being 

(participle); N being 

es N name of letter S 

-es SUF ADJ N [added to a geographical name: ADJ 

pertaining to; N inhabitant and language (nederlandes); 

also -an, -i, -ica, -sce] 

-esa SUF -ess [added to a noun: formal female title 

(prinsesa)] 

esajera VT exaggerate, overstate; N exaggeration 

esajo N essay (writing); esajiste N essayist 

esamina VT examine, inspect, check, investigate, 

scrutinize, probe; N exam, test, check-up, inspection, 

examination, scrutiny, probe; esamina de elejes 

multiple N multiple choice examination; esamina 

parlada N oral examination; esamina scriveda N 

written examination; esaminor N inspector; ja 

esaminada ADJ prechecked 

esarca N exarch; esarcia N exarchate 

esata ADJ exact, precise, particular, accurate; ADV 

particularly, precisely, exactly, just so; esatia N 

accuracy, exactitude, precision; nonesata ADJ inexact, 

imprecise; ADV not exactly, not quite; o plu esata CONJ 

i.e., id est, that is to say, or rather, or more precisely 

esca N tinder 

escava VT dig, excavate, mine; N excavation, dig; 

escaveria N quarry; escavor N miner, excavator 

(person) 

esce ADV is it true that (question marker); CONJ whether 

(introducing an indirect question) 

esclama VT exclaim; N exclamation 

esclui VT exclude, banish, exile, expel, excommunicate, 

ostracize; N exclusion, banishment, excommunication, 

ostracism; escluida ADJ excluded; N exile, outcast; 

escluinte ADJ exclusive; ADV exclusively; PREP 

excluding, other than 

escota VT cut low; N neckline, cleavage; de escota V ADJ 

V-necked, vee-necked; escota profonda N decolletage; 

escota V N V-neck, vee-neck 

escrete VT excrete; N excrement; excretion 

escusa VT excuse; N excuse, apology, pretext 

escuta VT listen (to); escuta secreta V eavesdrop; escuta 

un disco V listen to a record, play a record; 

escutador N (pair of) headphones, (pair of) earphones; 

escutador con microfon N headset; escutor N listener; 

escutores N PL audience 

esecuta VT execute (including kill), enact (plan), carry 

out, run (software); N execution; esecuta fretada N 

summary execution; esecutor N executioner; esecutor 

de la atesta N executor, executrix 

esede VT exceed, surpass 

esele VI excel; N excellence, eminence; eselente ADJ 

excellent, great, wonderful, marvelous (US), marvellous 

46 

(Br), outstanding, eminent, illustrious; (your) 

excellency, (your) grace 

esemplo N example, sample, exemplar, model; 

esempli VT exemplify; per esemplo ADV for instance, 

for example 

esense N essence; crux, gist; esensal ADJ essential, 

critical, crucial, inherent, intrinsic, pivotal; ADV 

essentially; la esense de un arcitetor N the 

quintessential architect, the architect par excellence 

esenta VT exempt; N exemption, impunity, immunity 

(legal) 

eserse VI VT exercise, work out; N exercise, work-out, 

exertion; esersosa ADJ strenuous 

eseta VT except, spare; N exception; con eseta de PREP 

except (for), excepting, with the exception of; 

esetante PREP except (for), excepting, with the 

exception of, other than; esetante cuando CONJ except 

when, unless; esetante si CONJ except if, unless; sin 

eseta ADV without exception, whatsoever, at all 

esflue VI flow out; VT output, emit; N output; ebb (of tide) 

esibi VT exhibit; N exhibition; esibisme N exhibitionism; 

esibiste N exhibitionist 

esije VT demand, require; N demand, requirement; con la 

esije ce CONJ on condition that; esije ultima N 

ultimatum; esijente ADJ demanding, picky, fussy, 

choosy, persnickety 

esiste VI exist; N existence; esistente ADJ existing; 

nonesiste N nonexistence; nonesistente ADJ 

nonexistent; preesistente ADJ preexisting 

esita VI hesitate, falter; N hesitation; esitante ADJ hesitant, 

reluctant, halting, faltering 

esmalte ADJ N enamel 

esmeralda ADJ N emerald 

esocrin ADJ exocrine 

esofago N esophagus 

esogamia N exogamy, outbreeding 

esosfera N exosphere 

esotica ADJ exotic 

Espania N Spain; espaniol ADJ N Spanish (person, 

language) 

espera VT hope (for), wish (for); N hope, wish; espera un 

dia solosa V hope for a sunny day; esperante ADJ 

hoping, hopeful; ADV hopefully 

esperanto ADJ N Esperanto; esperantiste N Esperantist 

esperia VT experience; N experience; esperiosa ADJ 

experienced; malesperia N ordeal; nonesperia N 

inexperience; sin esperia ADJ inexperienced 

esperimenta VI experiment; N experiment; 

esperimental ADJ experimental 

esperta ADJ expert, pundit; ADV expertly; N expert, 

specialist, consultant, authority; espertia N expertise, 

authority; nonesperta ADJ inexpert; ADV inexpertly 

espeta VT expect, wait for, anticipate; N expectation, 

anticipation; espeta furtiva V lurk, skulk, loiter; espeta 

zelosa V eagerly await, look forward to; espetada ADJ 

expected, due; nonespetante ADJ not expecting, 

unwitting

espetora VT expectorate, cough up; espetorante ADJ N 

expectorant 

espia VT atone (for); N atonement, expiation, penance 

espira VT exhale, breathe out; N exhalation 

esplica VT explain, elaborate; N explanation, reason, 

justification, rationale, elaboration; autoesplicante ADJ 

self-explanatory; nonesplicable ADJ unexplainable, 

inexplicable 

esplode VI VT explode, burst; N explosion; 

esplodente ADJ exploding, explosive; plosive; N 

explosive; plosive (consonant) 

esplora VT explore; N exploration, excursion; esploror N 

explorer, scout; esploror joven N boy scout, girl scout, 

girl guide 

esplota VT exploit, take advantage (of); N exploitation 

esponente ADJ exponential; N exponent 

esporta VT export; N exportation; esportor N exporter 

esposa VT expose, divulge; N exposure; autoesposa N 

autoexposure; esposa lenta N long exposure 

(photography); esposa par mano N manual exposure; 

suesposa V underexpose; N underexposure; 

supraesposa V overexpose; N overexposure 

espresa VT express, state, convey (meaning), assert, 

articulate; N expression, assertion; espresa de fas N 

facial expression, countenance; espresisme N 

expressionism; espresiste ADJ N expressionist; 

espresosa ADJ expressive; nonespresable ADJ 

unspeakable 

espreso N espresso 

esta DET this, these (demonstrative); PRON this, this one; a 

esta dias ADV nowadays, these days; a esta loca ADV 

here, in this place, at this place; a esta modo ADV in 

this way, in this manner, like this, thus, so; a esta 

ora ADV at this time; a esta ves ADV this time, this 

once, on this occasion; estas PRON PL these 

estasia VI be ecstatic; N ecstasy, bliss, rapture; 

estasiante ADJ ecstatic, overjoyed 

estate N summer; estati VT summer; mediaestate N 

midsummer 

este ADJ east, eastern, oriental; N east, orient 

estende VI VT extend, stretch, project, span; hold out, 

proffer; spread, propagate; N extent, range, scope, reach, 

extension, spread, array, propagation, overhang, 

projection, span; estendable ADJ extendable, 

extensible; estendador N extensor (muscle); estende 

a V extend to, reach; estende de teto N eaves; estende 

tra V spread through, permeate; estendosa ADJ 

extensive, far-reaching 

esterna ADJ outer, exterior, external; N outside, exterior 

estetica N esthetics (US), aesthetics (Br); estetical ADJ 

esthetic (US), aesthetic (Br); esteticiste N esthete (US), 

aesthete (Br); beautician, esthetician (US) 

Esti N Estonia; esti ADJ N Estonian (person, language) 

estima VT estimate; N estimate, estimation; estima 

bruta N rough estimate; nonestimable ADJ inestimable, 

invaluable; suestima VT underestimate; supraestima N 

overestimate 

estingui VT extinguish, put out, quench, turn off (lights); 

estinguador N fire extinguisher; estinguida ADJ extinct 

estorse VT wring, extort; N extortion, blackmail; 

estorsador N wringer; estorsor N extortionist 

estra PREP outside, outside of, out; except (for), excepting, 

other than; a estra ADV outside; PREP out, out of 

(indicating movement); de estra ADV from outside; 

PREP from outside of (indicating movement); estra 

casa ADV outside, outdoors, out of doors; estra 

comprende ADJ ADV beyond comprehension; estra 

si CONJ except if, unless 

estracomun ADJ extraordinary 

estrae VT extract, remove, bring out, take out, pluck out, 

excise; exorcise; pit (remove from fruit); N extraction, 

excision, removal, exorcism; estrae de dente N tooth 

extraction 

estragrande ADJ extra-large, king-size 

estrapola VT extrapolate; N extrapolation 

estrateran ADJ N extraterrestrial, alien 

estravagante ADJ extravagant, flamboyant, over the top; 

N extravaganza, spectacle, show 

estrema ADJ extreme, radical, drastic, critical; ADV 

extremely, tremendously; N extreme, extremity; 

estremi VI VT radicalize; N radicalization; 

estremisme N extremism; estremiste ADJ N extremist, 

radical 

estro N estrus (US), oestrus (Br); en estro ADJ in heat 

estrojen N estrogen (US), oestrogen (Br) 

estroverti VI VT extravert, extrovert; N extraversion, 

extroversion; estrovertida ADJ extraverted, extroverted; 

N extravert, extrovert 

estuario N estuary 

esvasa VI VT flare, open up, open out, spread out; 

esvasada ADJ flared 

eta N eta (Greek letter) 

-eta SUF N V [added to a noun: N diminutive (caseta; 

gradeta); animal offspring (boveta); inner or simpler 

garment (camiseta); additional special uses (sibileta); 

added to a verb: V perform the action in a minor way 

(pluveta)] 

etagon ADJ heptagonal; N heptagon 

etametre N heptameter 

etc ABBR (= e tal cosas, e tal continuante) etc, et cetera, 

and so on, and so forth 

eter N ether; eteri VT etherize; eterin ADJ ethereal 

eterna ADJ eternal, perpetual; lifelong; eternia N eternity 

eterojene ADJ heterogeneous, motley 

eterosesal ADJ N heterosexual; eterosesalia N 

heterosexuality 

eterotrof ADJ heterotrophic; N heterotroph; eterotrofia N 

heterotrophia 

etica N ethics; etical ADJ ethical 

eticeta N label, sticker, tag; eticeta de HTML N HTML 

tag; eticeti VT label, tag 

etimolojia N etymology; etimolojial ADJ etymological; 

ADV etymologically 

etiolojia N etiology (US), aetiology (Br) 

47

etnico N ethnic group; etnical ADJ ethnic; etnicia N 

ethnicity 

etrusca ADJ N Etruscan 

eucalipto N eucalyptus (tree: genus Eucalyptus) 

eucariota N eukaryote 

eucaristia N eucharist 

euforbia N spurge, euphorbia (plant: genus Euphorbia) 

eunuco N eunuch 

eurilaimo N broadbill (bird: family Eurylaimidae) 

euro N euro (money) 

Europa N Europe; european ADJ N European (person, 

language) 

europio N europium (element) 

eurosentriste ADJ Eurocentric, Eurocentrist; N 

Eurocentrist 

eurozona N eurozone 

Euscaleria N Basque Country; euscara ADJ N Basque 


Eva N Eve 

evade VT escape, flee from; N escape 

evalua VT evaluate, appraise, assess, measure; N 

evaluation, appraisal 

evanjelio N gospel; evanjelisme N evangelism; 

evanjeliste ADJ evangelistic; N evangelist 

evidente ADJ evident, apparent, obvious, manifest, in 

evidence; ADV evidently, apparently, obviously, of 

course; evidenti VI become evident, turn out (to be), 

prove (to be); evidentia N obviousness 

evita VT avoid, evade, elude, dodge, shun, stay away from, 

keep away from, bypass; N evasion; evita apena V 

narrowly avoid; N narrow escape, near miss, close 

shave; evita la scola ADJ avoid school, play truant; 

evitante ADJ evasive, elusive, avoiding; evitante 

ce CONJ without (it happening that); evitor de 

imposta N tax dodger; nonevitable ADJ inevitable, 

inexorable; ADV inevitably, inexorably 

evoca VT evoke, elicit; N evocation, connotation; 

evocante ADJ evocative 

evolui VI VT evolve; N evolution; evoluisme N 

evolutionism; evoluiste N evolutionist 

ex N name of letter X 

exadesimal ADJ hexadecimal 

exagon ADJ hexagonal; N hexagon 

exametre N hexameter 

F 

F /ef/ N F (letter, musical note) 

fa VT do; make, render, cause to; commit (crime); N doing, 

deed (act); bon fada ADJ well-made; desfa V undo; N 

undoing; es fada de V be composed of, be made of, 

consist of; fa bon V do well; fa mal V do badly, bodge, 

botch, bungle, screw up, make a bad job of; fada ADJ 

48 

done; N deed; fada completida N fait accompli; 

faeria N workshop; faor N maker, doer; fatota (comp) N 

factotum, handyman, jack of all trades; refa V redo, do 

over, do again; N redoing, do-over 

fable N fable, legend, fairy tale, children's story 

fabrica VT manufacture, fabricate, craft; fabricada ADJ 

manufactured, fabricated; N artifact; fabriceria N 

factory, manufacturing plant; fabricor N manufacturer, 

fabricator; ojeto fabricada N artifact; prefabrica V 

prefabricate; prefabricada ADJ prefabricated 

fagosite N phagocyte 

fagositose N phagocytosis 

faia N beech (tree: genus Fagus) 

faiense N faience 

fajita N fajita 

falanje N phalange (medical: finger, toe) 

falaropo N phalarope (wading bird: genus Phalaropus) 

falcon N hawk, falcon (bird: subfamily Accipitrinae) 

falda N skirt, kilt, dress; falda scotes N kilt; faldeta N 

petticoat, half-slip, underskirt; faldon N apron; tail (of 

coat) 

fali VI fail (not succeed); N failure, fault; fali paia V fail to 

pay, default on payment 

falo N phallus; falal ADJ phallic 

falsa ADJ wrong, false, incorrect, untrue, fake, counterfeit, 

mock, faux, pseudo-; falsi VI counterfeit, falsify, forge 

(money, documents); N falsification, forgery; falsor N 

counterfeiter, forger 

falseto N falsetto 

falta VI malfunction, go wrong, break down, fail, miss; N 

malfunction, breakdown, failure, dysfunction, disorder, 

fault, flaw; faltable ADJ fallible; nonfaltable ADJ 

foolproof 

falxe N scythe; falxeta N sickle; falxi VT reap, mow, 

scythe; falxor N reaper, harvestman 

fama N fame, notoriety, renown; famosa ADJ famous, 

notorious, renowned; mal fama N infamy; 

malfamosa ADJ infamous 

fame ADJ hungry; fami VI famish, go hungry, starve, make 

hungry; famia N hunger; famion N famine 

familia N family, household; suit (cards); familial ADJ 

familial, familiar; la familia de Watson N the Watson 

family; la Watsones N the Watsons; 

sufamilia subfamily (biology); 

suprafamilia superfamily (biology) 

fan N fan (admirer), fanatic, aficionado 

fandango N fandango (dance) 

fanfara VI sound a fanfare; N fanfare 

fango N mud, mire; fangi VT muddy; fangosa ADJ 

muddy; fangosia N muddiness 

fantasia VT fantasize, daydream; N fantasy; fantasin ADJ 

fantastic; fantasior N dreamer, daydreamer 

fantasma N ghost, phantom, spectre; fantasma jemelin N 

doppelgänger; fantasma turbosa N poltergeist; 

fantasmin ADJ ghostly, spectral; fantasmosa ADJ 

haunted

farade N farad (measure); microfarade N microfarad 

faraon N pharaoh 

farina N flour; farina de mais N corn flour, corn meal; 

farinosa ADJ floury 

farinje N pharynx; farinjal ADJ pharyngeal; N pharyngeal 

(consonant); farinjali VI pharyngealize 

farinjite N pharyngitis 

farmacolojia N pharmacology; farmacolojial ADJ 

pharmacological 

farmasia N pharmacy, chemist, drugstore, apothecary; 

farmasial ADJ pharmaceutical; farmasiste N 

pharmacist, chemist, druggist, apothecary 

faro N lighthouse; headlight; beacon 

Faroiar N Faroe Islands, Faeroe Islands; faroisce ADJ N 

Faroese, Faeroese 

farsa N farce, physical comedy, knockabout comedy, 

slapstick 

farsi ADJ N Farsi (Persian: person, language) 

fas N face; dial (of watch, clock, compass); heads (of 

coin); a fas de PREP opposite, facing; faseta N facet, 

aspect 

fasa VT face; fasada N façade; fasante ADJ opposite, 

facing 

fase VI phase; N phase; desfaseda ADJ out of phase; 

fasador N phaser 

fasian N pheasant (bird: subfamily Phasianinae) 

fasil ADJ easy, graceful (in movement); ADV easily, 

gracefully; fasili VI facilitate, make easy; N easing, 

facilitation; fasilia N facility, ease, easiness, grace (in 

movement) 

fasimil N facsimile, exact reproduction 

fasina VT fascinate, intrigue; N fascination 

fasmido N stick insect (insect: order Phasmatodea) 

fatiga VT tire, fatigue; N exhaustion, tiredness, weariness, 

lassitude; fatigada ADJ tired, weary, exhausted, 

haggard; nonfatigable ADJ indefatigable, tireless 

fato N fact; en fato ADV in fact; fatal ADJ factual; la fato 

ce N the fact that; par fato ADJ de facto 

fator N factor (math), coefficient 

fatoral N factorial 

fatua N fatwa 

fatura VT bill, invoice, charge; N bill, invoice, statement, 

tab 

fava N bean (plant, seed: genus Phaseolus or similar); 

fava azuci N azuki bean, aduki, adzuki; fava blanca N 

white bean, navy bean, haricot bean; fava de Lima N 

lima bean; fava de oio negra N black-eyed bean; fava 

de visia N fava bean, garbanzo bean, broad bean; fava 

mung N mung bean; fava negra N black bean; fava 

pintida N pinto bean; fava roja N kidney bean; fava 

verde N green bean, snap bean 

favo N honeycomb 

favore VT favor (US), favour (Br), indulge; flatter (as 

garment) N favor (US), favour (Br), indulgence; 

favorable ADJ favorable (US), favourable (Br), 

opportune; favore divin N providence; favoreda ADJ N 

favorite (US), favourite (Br), privileged; favorente ADJ 

favoring (US), favouring (Br), indulgent; per 

favore INTERJ please 

fax N fax; faxador N fax machine 

faxa N fascia, planking, horizontal band, (metal) plating; 

faxon N beam, rafter, girder; faxon I N I-beam 

faxiste ADJ N fascist; faxisme N fascism 

faxo N bundle, fasces 

fe N fairy; fe de mar N mermaid; fein ADJ fairylike, fey 

fea ADJ ugly; N ugly person; fei VI become ugly; VT make 

ugly, uglify; feia N ugliness; xocante fea ADJ hideous 

febre N fever; febrosa ADJ fevered, feverish 

febrero N February (month) 

fece N feces (US), faeces (Br), dung, excrement; fecal ADJ 

fecal (US), faecal (Br); feci VT defecate; N defecation 

federa ADJ federate, confederate; N federation, 

confederation (act, result); federada ADJ federated; 

federal ADJ federal 

fejoa N feijoa (fruit, tree: species Acca sellowiana) 

felis ADJ cheerful, cheery, happy, jolly, glad; ADV 

cheerfully, cheerily, happily; felisi VI make happy, cheer 

up; felisia N cheerfulness, cheeriness, happiness; 

nonfelis ADJ unhappy, cheerless; ADV unhappily, 

cheerlessly; nonfelisia N unhappiness, cheerlessness 

feltro N felt 

fem N woman (adult human female); wife (informal); 

bonfem N good-natured woman, nice woman, nice 

lady; fem de carera N career woman; fem de casa N 

housewife, homemaker, stay-at-home mom; fem de 

corte N (female) courtier; fem de mundo N (female) 

socialite; fem de neva N snowwoman (female 

snowman); fem joven N young woman, maiden; fem 

odiosa N shrew; femia N womanhood; femin ADJ 

feminine, effeminate; feminia N femininity; femisme N 

feminism; femiste N feminist; suprafem N superwoman 

fema ADJ N female 

femor N femor; femoral ADJ femoral 

fende VI VT split, cleave; N split, fission 

fenetra N window; fenetra con xarnieres N casement 

window; fenetra de bileta N ticket window; fenetra de 

rede N screen window 

fenisia ADJ N Phoenician 

Fenisia N Phoenicia 

fenix N phoenix (mythological bird); la Fenix N Phoenix 


feno N hay 

fenomeno N phenomenon; fenomenolojia N 

phenomenology 

feri VT wound, injure, harm, hurt; N wound, injury; 

ferable ADJ vulnerable; ferida ADJ wounded, injured, 

hurt; N casualty 

feria N fairground, fair; trade fair 

fermenta VI ferment; N fermentation; fermentante N 

leaven, leavening agent 

fermento N yeast 

fermio N fermium (element) 

49

fero N iron (element); fero calda N (flat) iron; fero de 

cavalo N horseshoe; fero de marca N branding iron; 

fero forjada N wrought iron; fero moldida N cast iron; 

fero ondin N corrugated iron; fero per solda N 

soldering iron; ferosa ADJ ferrous, full of iron; punio 

ferin N iron fist 

ferose ADJ fierce, ferocious 

ferovia /ferovía/ N railroad, railway, railroad track; 

ferovior N railroad worker, railway worker, railwayman 

fertil ADJ fertile, fruitful; fertilable ADJ fertilizable; 

fertili VI fertilize; fertili en vitro N in vitro fertilization; 

fertilinte ADJ fertilizing; N fertilizer 

ferula N splint (medical) 

festa N holiday, festivity, gala; festa de grasia N 

Thanksgiving Day; festa de la Tera N Earth Day; festa 

de labor N Labour Day; festa de madres N Mother's 

Day; festa de padres N Father's Day; festa de Res N 

Epiphany; festa de Valentin N Valentine's Day; festa 

de veteranes N Veterans Day; festa nasional N 

national holiday, public holiday, bank holiday; 

festin ADJ festive 

fesur N crack, fissure, chink, breach, gap; fesuri VI crack 

fetix N fetish; fetixi VI VT fetishize; N fetishization; 

fetixisme N fetishism; fetixiste N fetishist 

feto N fetus (US), foetus (Br) 

fetuxine N fettuccine 

feudo N fief, fiefdom, feudal estate, feudal manor; 

feudal ADJ feudal; feudalisme N feudalism 

fez N fez 

fi N phi (Greek letter) 

fia N daughter; fia de batiza N goddaughter; fia par lege N 

stepdaughter; fia par sposi N daughter-in-law; fial ADJ 

filial; fio N son; fio de batiza N godson; fio de puta N 

bastard (insult); fio par lege N stepson; fio par sposi N 

son-in-law 

fiasco N fiasco, flop; fa un fiasco V flop, fail 

humiliatingly 

fibre N fiber (US), fibre (Br), thread, filament; roughage; 

fibre de vitro N glass fiber (US), glass fibre (Br), 

fiberglass (US), fibreglass (Br); fibre otical N optical 

fiber (US), optical fibre (Br); fibrosa ADJ fibrous 

fibrose sistal N cystic fibrosis 

fibula N fibula (anatomy) 

fida VT trust, rely on, have faith in, be confident in; N 

faith, faithfulness, allegiance, loyalty, fidelity; trust, 

reliance, confidence; autofida N self-confidence, 

morale, assertiveness; autofidante ADJ self-confident, 

assertive, self-assured; smug; de fida alta ADJ highfidelity, 

hi-fi; desfida V distrust; fida algun V trust 

someone, have faith in someone; fidable ADJ 

trustworthy, reliable, responsible; fidada ADJ trusted; 

fidante ADJ trusting, confident; fidiste N loyalist; 

fidosa ADJ faithful, loyal, stalwart; nonfida N 

unfaithfulness, disloyalty; nonfidable ADJ 

untrustworthy, unreliable, irresponsible, erratic; 

nonfidosa ADJ unfaithful, disloyal; tro fidante ADJ 

overconfident 

fidusia N trust (economics); fidusial ADJ fiduciary; 

50 

fidusieria N trust company; fidusior N fiduciary, 

depositary, trustee (of money, property); reserva 

fidusial N trust fund 

figa N fig (fruit); figo N fig tree (genus Ficus) 

figato N liver; figato grasosa N foie gras 

figur N figure; figur de proa N figurehead 

Fiji N Fiji (also Viti); fijian ADJ N Fijian 

filantropia N philanthropy; filantropial ADJ philanthropic; 

filantropiste N philanthropist 

Filastin N Palestine; filastini ADJ N Palestinian 

filatelia N philately; filateliste N philatelist 

filepita N asity (bird) 

filete VT filet (US), fillet (Br); N filet (US), fillet (Br), 

sirloin 

filipino ADJ N Filipino (language) 

filis N fern (plant: division Pteridophyta) 

filma VT film; N film, movie; filma atestante N 

documentary; filma de novas N newsreel 

filo N thread, wire, line (fishing); queue, line (of people); 

fa un filo V line up, queue up; fileta N filament; thread 

(screw, bolt, nut); filetador fema N die, spinner, pipe 

threader; filetador mas N tap, pipe threader; fili VT 

thread (needle, beads, etc); wire (electronics); N wiring 

(electronics); fili se dentes V floss; filin ADJ threadlike; 

filo de dentes N dental floss; filo de fero N wire; filo 

de lana N yarn (wool); filo de plomo N plumb line; filo 

lamosa N razor wire; filo spinosa N barbed wire; sin 

filo ADJ wireless 

filo N phylum (biology); sufilo N subphylum (biology) 

filolojia N philology 

filosofia N philosophy, ideology; filosofi VT philosophize; 

filosofia de lege N jurisprudence; filosofial ADJ 

philosophical; filosofiste N philosopher 

filtro N filter; filtri VT filter, seep; N filtration 

finansia VT finance, fund; N finance; finansial ADJ 

financial; ADV financially; finansior N financier 

fini VT finish, conclude, end, stop, expire; N finish, end, 

conclusion, terminus, tip (end), expiration; a fini ADV at 

last, finally, eventually; es a fini de fa V have just done; 

final ADJ last, final; ADV finally, at last (in the end; after 

much delay); N final, finale; finaliste N finalist (in 

competition); fini de linia N linefeed (character); fini de 

semana N weekend; fini un negosia V cut a deal; 

nonfininte ADJ unending, endless; sin fini ADJ endless, 

unending; ADV endlessly 

finita ADJ finite 

finje VT pretend, act, fake, feign, bluff, pose as, 

impersonate, assume; N pretense (US), pretence (Br), 

bluff, impersonation; finje un maladia V malinger, fake 

an illness; finjente ADJ fake, phoney; finjor N pretender, 

usurper, fake, phoney, fraud (person), imposter, 

impostor, impersonator; finjosa ADJ pretentious, 

affected 

Finland N Finland (also Suomi); finsce ADJ Finnish; N 

Finn 

finoio N fennel (plant: genus Foeniculum); finoio de 

mar N samphire (plant: species Crithmum maritimum)

fiordo N fjord 

firma ADJ firm, still, steady, stationary 

fisa VT attach, fasten, fix, clasp, latch; stick, get stuck, 

jam, lodge; save (data); desfisa V unfasten, detach, 

undo; fisa con regarda V stare at; fisada ADJ fixed, 

firm; fisador N fastener, clasp, latch; nonfisada ADJ 

loose 

fisica N physics; fisica cuantal N quantum physics; 

fisical ADJ physical; ADV physically; fisiciste N 

physicist 

fisiolojia N physiology; fisiolojial ADJ physiological; 

fisiolojiste N physiologist 

fix N file card, fiche; file (software); token (public 

transport), chip (gambling); fix PDF N PDF file; sistem 

de fix N file system (software) 

flajelo N whip, flagellum; flajeli VT whip, beat 

flama N flame; flami VI flame, inflame (nonmedical); 

flaminte ADJ flambé; inflammatory (nonmedical); 

flamosa ADJ flaming; retroflami V backfire 

flamenco N flamenco (dance, music) 

flamingo N flamingo (bird: genus Phoenicopterus) 

Flander N Flanders; flames ADJ Flemish (person, 

language) 

flanela N flannel (material) 

flanje N flange 

flasida ADJ flaccid, flabby, limp 

flatule VI break wind; N flatulence 

flauta N flute; flauta dulse N recorder 

flax ADJ flash, extremely quick; N flash (photography); 

flaxi VI VT flash 

flexa N arrow; flexor N fletcher; la Flexa N Sagitta 


flexador N flexor (muscle) 

flexe VT flex (as muscles); N flection, flexion; 

flexable ADJ flexible, supple, bendy; flexablia N 

flexibility 

flirta VI flirt; N flirtation; flirtante ADJ flirtatious, saucy, 

fresh 

floco N flake; floco de mais N cornflake; floco de neva N 

snowflake 

floema N phloem 

flor N flower, bloom, blossom; desflori V deflower; 

floreria N florist (shop); flori VI flower, flourish, bloom, 

blossom, thrive; florin ADJ flower-like; N florin, guilder; 

floriste N florist; florosa ADJ flowery, floral (design) 

flota VI float; N float; fenetra flotante N pop-up window; 

flota en aira ADJ hover 

flox N phlox (plant: genus Phlox) 

flue VI flow, stream; N flow, stream (data), feed (news, 

software); autoflue V wordwrap; N word wrap; con la 

flue ADV downstream; contra la flue ADV upstream; 

fluente ADJ flowing, fluent, fluid; flueta V N dribble, 

trickle; nonfluente ADJ halting (speech); reflue N reflux 

(chemistry); supraflue V N overflow; suprafluente ADJ 

superfluous, excessive 

fluor N fluorine (element) 

fluorese VI fluoresce; N fluorescence; fluoresente ADJ 

fluorescent 

fluorido N fluoride 

fluorita N fluorite 

flutua VI fluctuate; flutuante ADJ fluctuating, remittent; 

nonflutuante ADJ unremittent 

fobia N phobia; fobica ADJ phobic 

foca N seal (mammal: family Phocidae and family 

Otariidae) 

foca VT N focus; focada ADJ focused, in focus; 

nonfocada ADJ unfocused, out of focus 

focaxia N focaccia 

foco N fire; passion; focador N lighter, torch; foco 

savaje N wildfire, grass fire, forest fire; focos artal N 

PL fireworks; focosa ADJ fiery, passionate, sensual 

fode VT fuck, screw, shag, bonk (informal: have sex) 

fol ADJ foolish, silly, crazy; N fool, dupe, imbecile, idiot, 

moron; folia N silliness, foolishness, madness, folly 

fola N crowd, throng, concourse; foli VT crowd, pack, 

clutter, huddle; folida ADJ crowded, packed, cluttered 

folclor N folklore 

folia N leaf, blade (of grass); desfoli VT exfoliate, 

defoliate; N exfoliation; folieta N leaflet 

foliculo N follicle 

folio N sketchbook, dossier, binder; folio (book size); folio 

de calcula N spreadsheet 

fonda N sling (weapon); fondeta N slingshot 

fonde VI melt; fondable N fuse (electrical); fondador N 

smelter; fonde nucleal N nuclear meltdown; 

fondeda ADJ molten 

fondo N bottom; background; fondal ADJ background, 

backing; fondo de flores N flower bed; fondo de 

mar N ocean bottom, ocean floor; fondo de rio N river 

bottom, river bed 

fondu N fondue 

fonem N phoneme; fonemal ADJ phonemic 

fonetica N phonetics; fonetica oreal N auditory phonetics; 

fonetical ADJ phonetic 

fonograf N phonograph, gramophone, record player 

fonolojia N phonology; fonolojial ADJ phonological 

fonotatica N phonotactics 

fonte N fountain, spring, well, source; fonte de inca N 

inkwell 

fora VT drill, bore; N hole; forador N drill (tool); forador 

arcin N bow drill; forador colonal N drill press; 

forador de mano N hand drill; forador engranada N 

breast drill, eggbeater drill; forador percusente N 

hammer drill; forador puiable N push drill; forosa ADJ 

porous; punto de forador N drill bit 

force N fork; force de ajusta N tuning fork; force de 

ferovia N railroad switch (US), points (Br); forcon N 

pitchfork; forcor de ferovia N switchman (US), 

pointsman (Br) 

fore VT line (with material); N lining 

foresta N forest; cultiva de foresta N forestry; 

51

desforesti VT deforest; N deforestation; foresta 

orijinal N virgin forest; forestor N forester 

forja VT forge (metal); forjeria N forge; forjor N smith, 

blacksmith 

forma N form, shape, format, formation; etiquette, good 

form; bon forma N good form; well-formedness; fitness 

(physical); bon formida ADJ well-formed; de forma 

duple ADJ dual-format; forma jeneral N infinitive; 

forma nonreal N subjunctive, conditional, irrealis; 

forma real N indicative; formable ADJ formable, 

ductile; formal ADJ formal, by the book; formalia N 

formality; formi VI VT form, shape; N forming, 

formation; formosa ADJ full-figured, buxom, 

voluptuous, curvaceous, rubenesque, zaftig; malformi V 

deform, disfigure; N deformation; mal formida ADJ 

deformed, malformed; nonformal ADJ informal; 

nonformalia N informality 

formica N ant (insect: family Formicidae); formicor N 

anteater (mammal: suborder Vermilingua); antbird 

(bird: family Thamnophilidae); formicosa ADJ tingling, 

tingly, feeling pins and needles 

formula VT formulate; N formula, formulation; phrase 

(musical, grammar); formula ajetival N adjective 

phrase; formula preposadal N preposition phrase; 

formula sustantival N noun phrase; formula verbal N 

verb phrase; formulin ADJ formulaic 

formulario N form (to fill), questionnaire 

forno N oven (compartment for baking or roasting); 

forni VT bake, cook (in oven); fornida ADJ baked; N 

bake (baked food); fornon N kiln, furnace; fornor N 

baker; ovenbird, woodcreeper (bird: family 

Furnariidae); la Forno N Fornax (constellation) 

foro N forum 

foromanica N forumite 

forsa VT force, enforce, compel (physically); impose 

(something), inflict, levy; forsa a via V drive away, 

force back, repel, ward off; forsa se V exert oneself; 

forsada ADJ forced, compulsory 

forsitia N forsythia (plant: genus Forsythia) 

forte ADJ loud, strong, vehement; ADV loudly, strongly, 

vehemently; fortador N amplifier; forte de aira N air 

force; fortes militar N PL armed forces; forti VI 

strengthen, fortify, reinforce; consolidate; N 

strengthening, consolidation; fortia N strength, force, 

effort, exertion; fortia de vive N life force, vital force, 

elan vital, libido; fortiosa ADJ forceful 

fortres N fortress, blockhouse, fort, fortification, 

stronghold; fortres de site N citadel 

fortuna N fortune, chance, fate, destiny; bon fortuna N 

good luck; fortunosa ADJ lucky, fortunate, auspicious; 

ADV luckily, fortunately, auspiciously; mal fortuna N 

bad luck, misfortune, mishap, unfortunate occurrence, 

accident, adversity, woe; nonfortunosa ADJ unlucky, 

unfortunate, lamentable, poor; ADV unfortunately 

fosena N porpoise (mammal: family Phocoenidae) 

fosfor N phosphorus (element); match 

fosil N fossil 

foso N ditch, moat, trench, gully 

52 

fostrot N foxtrot (dance) 

foto N photo, photograph, shot, snapshot, still (photo); fa 

un foto N take a photo; foto airal N aerial photograph; 

foto personal N portrait 

fotocopia VT photocopy, xerox; N photocopy 

fotografia N photography; fotografi VT photograph; N 

photograph, photo; fotografia a intervales N time-lapse 

photography; fotografia prosima N close-up 

photography, macro photography; fotografiste N 

photographer 

fotograva N heliogravure 

fotojenica ADJ photogenic (all senses) 

fotomanica ADJ enthusiastic about photography; N 

shutterbug, photography enthusiast 

foton N photon 

fotorealisme N photorealism 

fotorealosa ADJ photorealistic 

fototrof ADJ phototrophic; N phototroph; fototrofia N 

phototrophia 

fractur N fraktur 

frajil ADJ fragile, brittle, delicate, sensitive, flimsy, frail, 

easily damaged; frajilia N fragility 

frambosa N raspberry (fruit, plant: genus Rubus) 

franc N franc (money) 

franca ADJ frank, direct (in speech), outspoken; 

straightforward 

francamason N freemason, mason; francamasonisme N 

freemasonry, masonry 

francisia N franchise (commercial) 

franco ADJ Frankish; N Frank 

franje N fringe; bangs (US), fringe (Br) (hairstyle) 

Frans N France; franses ADJ N French (person, language) 

fransio N francium (element) 

fransiscan ADJ N Franciscan 

frase N sentence; phrase (musical) 

fraseolojia N phraseology 

frate N brother; duifrate N half-brother; frate par lege N 

stepbrother; frate par sposi N brother-in-law; frateria N 

brotherhood, fraternity (organization); fratia N 

brotherhood, brotherliness; fratin ADJ brotherly, 

fraternal 

frato N fraction, fragment; desfrati V defragment; N 

defragmentation; fratal ADJ fractional, fractal; frati VI 

fracture, fragment, shatter, crack; N fragmentation, 

fracture; fratos N PL fragments, shrapnel 

fratriside VI commit fratricide; N fratricide (act); 

fratrisidor N fratricide (person) 

frecuente ADJ frequent, often; ADV frequently, often; 

frecuentia N frequency; frecuentia de orolojo N clock 

speed, clock rate; frecuentia estrema alta N UHF; 

frecuentia multe alta N VHF 

fregate N frigate (ship); frigatebird (bird: family 

Fregatidae, genus Fregata) 

freno N brake, restraint (device); freni VT brake, restrain, 

hold back, immobilize; freno de mano N handbrake

fresa N strawberry (fruit, plant: genus Fragaria) 

fresca ADJ fresh; cool, new, up-to-date; frescador N air 

conditioner; fresci VI freshen; nonfresca ADJ stale; 

refresci V N refresh, invigorate, enliven; update 

fresco N fresco 

fresia N freesia (plant: genus Freesia) 

fresno N ash (tree: genus Fraxinus) 

freta VI rush, hurry, hasten, scurry; N haste; fretada ADJ 

rushed, hurried; fretante ADJ hurrying, hasty, 

impetuous; fretosa ADJ impulsive, reckless; no freta V 

take your time, do not rush, do not hurry 

fria ADJ cold, chilly, frigid; fri VI VT cool, chill; fria N cold; 

friacua (comp) N water cooler; friador N refrigerator, 

fridge 

frica VT abrade, scour, cause friction, rub against; N 

friction, abrasion; fricante ADJ fricative; N fricative 

(consonant); fricante ladal N lateral fricative; 

fricosa ADJ abrasive 

Frigia N Phrygia 

fringilo N chaffinch (bird: genus Fringilla) 

Frisland N Frisia, Friesland; frisce ADJ N Frisian (person, 

language) 

frita VT fry; fritada ADJ fried; fritadas N PL fries, French 

fries, chips (Br) 

froda VT swindle, cheat, defraud, embezzle, 

misappropriate; N fraud, con, trick; corruption, 

embezzlement, misappropriation; frodante ADJ 

fraudulent, corrupt; frodor N fraud, fraudster, cheater, 

swindler, phoney, con man, con artist 

fronsi VT gather (fabric); N gather (of fabric); fronsi se 

suprasiles V frown, scowl; fronsida ADJ gathered; N 

frill, ruche, ruffle, furbelow; fronsosa ADJ frilly, ruffled 

fronte ADJ front, forward; N front; forehead, brow; 

foreground; a fronte de PREP at the front of, in front of; 

fronti VT confront, face; N confrontation, face-off; 

fronti corajosa VT brave, bravely face; frontinte ADJ 

facing, fronting, confronting; fronton N gable; pediment 

frontera N frontier, front line, limit 

frontispis N frontispiece (publishing) 

frota VT rub, scrub, wipe, smear; frotador N wiper; 

frotador de paraventa N windshield wiper (US), 

windscreen wiper (Br) 

frugal ADJ frugal, thrifty, economical, budget-conscious; 

frugalia N frugality, frugalness, thrift, thriftiness 

frustra VT vex, frustrate, exasperate; N frustration, 

vexation, exasperation; frustrante ADJ frustrating, 

vexing, exasperating 

fruta N (piece of) fruit; fruta confetida N candied fruit; 

fruta de pan N breadfruit (fruit: genus Artocarpus 

altilis); fruta sitrica N citrus fruit; frutas N PL fruit 

(collectively), fruits; fruteria N fruiterer's, greengrocer's 

(shop); fruti VI bear fruit; frutor N fruiterer, greengrocer 

frutosa N fructose 

fu INTERJ phew, whew (tiredness, relief after frustration) 

fuca N kelp (seaweed, order Laminariales, Fucales) 

fucsia N fuchsia (color, flower: genus Fuchsia) 

fuga N fugue 

fugu N pufferfish, blowfish (fish: family Tetraodontidae) 

fuji VI flee, run away; fuji per sposi V elope; fujor N 

fugitive 

fulcro N fulcrum, pivot 

fulgoro N planthopper (insect: infraorder Fulgoromorpha) 

fuma N smoke, fume; fumi VI VT smoke (create smoke, 

become smoke: fire, tobacco, food), smolder (US), 

smoulder (Br); fumor N smoker; fumosa ADJ smoky, 

smokey 

fumiga VT fumigate; N fumigation 

func ADJ N funk (music); funcosa ADJ funky 

funda N base, basis, foundation, substrate; foundation, 

establishment (organization); funda de pede N sole; 

fundal ADJ basic, fundamental, elementary; basal; 

fundalisme N fundamentalism; fundaliste ADJ N 

fundamentalist; fundi VT found, establish; base 

(something on); N foundation, establishment (act); 

fundor N founder 

funera N funeral; funeral ADJ funereal, funeral; funeror N 

undertaker 

fungiside N fungicide 

fungo N fungus (kingdom of organisms); antifungo ADJ 

antifungal; fungal ADJ fungal 

funsiona VI function, operate, work (general term); N 

function, operation; function (mathematics); funsiona 

ondal N wave function; malfunsiona VI malfunction, 

go wrong 

fura VT steal; N theft, robbery, larceny; fura de V steal 

from, rob, burgle; fura de enfantes N kidnap, 

kidnapping (of children); fura de identia N identity 

theft; fura de persones N kidnap, kidnapping; 

furabolsa (comp) N pickpocket; furacasa (comp) N 

burglar; fureta V pilfer; N pilferage; furor N thief, 

robber, burglar 

furia VI be furious, be enraged; VT infuriate, enrage; N 

fury, rage; furiosa ADJ furious, livid, raging 

furlan ADJ N Furlan, Friulian (person, language) 

furni VT supply, provide, furnish, equip; N supply, 

provision; furni acua a la vileta V supply water to the 

village, provide the village with water; furni la come V 

cater; furnis N PL supplies, provisions; furnor N 

supplier, provider; furnor de come N caterer; furnor 

esterna N third-party supplier 

furon N ferret, polecat (mammal: species Mustela 

putorius) 

furtiva ADJ shifty, stealthy, sneaky 

fusa VI fuse, meld, merge, coalesce, weld; N fusion, 

merger 

fusil N gun, rifle, firearm; fusil de xasa N shotgun; 

fusili VT shoot, execute; N shooting, gunfire; fusili 

crusada N crossfire; fusili par aliada N friendly fire; 

fusilor N marksman 

fuso N spindle 

fusuma N fusuma (sliding room dividers) 

futbal N (world) football, soccer; futbal american N 

American football; futbalor N footballer, football 

player, soccer player 

53

futil ADJ futile, fruitless, vain; ADV in vain; futilia N 

futileness, fruitlessness 

futon N futon 

futur ADJ future, forthcoming, subsequent, -to-be, to 

come, eventual, prospective; N future; en la futur ADV 

in the future, subsequently; en la futur distante ADV in 

the distant future, eventually 

G 

G /ge/ N G (letter, musical note) 

gaba N GABA 

Gabon N Gabon; gabones ADJ N Gabonese 

gado N cod (fish) 

gadolinio N gadolinium (element) 

gadures ADJ N Gallurese (language) 

gailica ADJ N Scottish Gaelic (language) 

gaina N sheath; gaina de cordeta N aglet; gaini VT 

sheathe 

gal N chicken (bird: species Gallus gallus); gal de 

venta N weathercock; gal fema N hen; gal mas N cock, 

cockerel, rooster; galeta N chick, chicken 

gala N show (of entertainment); galeria N gallery, 

showroom 

galago N galago, bushbaby, nagapie (primate: genus 

Galagidae) 

galasia N galaxy; galasial ADJ galactic; intergalasial ADJ 

intergalactic 

galatosa N galactose 

Galia N Gaul; galica ADJ N gaulish (language) 

galinago N snipe (wading bird: genus Coenocorypha, 

genus Gallinago, genus Lymnocryptes) 

galio N gallium (element) 

Galisia N Galicia; galego ADJ N Galician (person, 

language) 

galon N gallon (measure) 

galopa VI gallop; N gallop 

gama N leg; stem (of glass); gama alta N upper leg; gama 

basa N lower leg, shank; gami VT N stride; gamon N 

stilt 

gama N gamma (Greek letter) 

gamba N shrimp, prawn (crustacean: infraorder Caridea) 

Gambia N Gambia; gambian ADJ N Gambian 

gamelan N gamelan 

gameta N gamete 

gametofite N gametophyte 

gan N Gan (language) 

Gana N Ghana; ganaian ADJ N Ghanaian 

ganax N ganache 

gang N gang 

ganglio N ganglion 

54 

gangrena N gangrene; gangrenosa ADJ gangrenous 

gangster N gangster, mobster 

gania VT earn, gain; win (game); gania la tempo V save 

time; ganior N winner; regania V regain, recoup, 

recover (money); sin ganior ADJ tied, drawn (match) 

ganso N goose (bird: genus Anser, genus Branta, genus 

Chen); geek, nerd (informal); ganseta N gosling; 

ganso mas N gander 

ganto N glove; ganteta N mitten; ganto de boxe N boxing 

glove; ganton N muff 

gara N claw 

garaje N garage (for storing vehicles) 

garantia VT guarantee; N guarantee, warranty; collateral, 

security 

garda VT guard, stand guard; save (money); garda se 

contra V beware of; gardacorpo (comp) N bodyguard; 

gardacosta (comp) N coastguard; gardafoco (comp) N 

fireguard, fender (Br); gardaporte N doorkeeper; 

gardaxasa N gamekeeper; gardor N guard (person), 

sentry, guardian, custodian; watchdog (metaphor) 

gardenia N gardenia (plant: genus Gardenia) 

garga N throat; gargal ADJ guttural 

gargara VT gargle; N gargle 

gargarosa N redpoll (bird: genus Acanthis) 

gargola N gargoyle 

garlanda N garland, wreath, festoon; garlandi VT garland, 

wreathe, festoon 

garnison N garrison 

gas N gas; gas nosiva N toxic gas, fumes; gasi VT gas; VI 

become gas; gasosa ADJ gaseous 

gasolina N gasoline (US), petrol (Br); gasolineria N gas 

station (US), petrol station (Br) 

gasolio N diesel 

gasometre N gasometer 

gasta VI wear out, age, fray; gastada ADJ worn out, 

shabby, threadbare, frayed, dilapidated, run-down; 

gastada par gera ADJ war-torn; gastada par la 

clima ADJ weathered, weatherbeaten 

gastral ADJ gastric 

gastraljia N gastralgia 

gastrite N gastritis 

gastropodo N gastropod (Mollusc: class gastropoda) 

gatilio N trigger; gatili VT trigger 

gatiliomanica ADJ trigger-happy 

gato N cat (mammal: species Felis catus); gateta N kitten, 

kitty, puss, pussy 

gavia N loon, diver (bird: genus Gavia) 

gavota N seagull (bird: family Laridae) 

gavota N gavotte (music, dance) 

gaxa N gruel, porridge, mush; gaxa de avena N porridge, 

oatmeal; gaxa de favas N baked beans; gaxa de orzo N 

barley porridge; gaxa de ris N rice porridge, rice 

pudding; gaxi VI mush; gaxin ADJ mushy 

gaza N gauze

gazela N gazelle (mammal: genus Gazella) 

ge ADJ N gay, homosexual 

ge N name of letter G 

geco N gecko (reptile: family Gekkonidae) 

gepardo N cheetah (mammal: species Acinonyx jubatus) 

gera N war, warfare; declara gera contra V wage war on; 

gera biolojial N biological warfare; gera cimical N 

chemical warfare; gera fria N cold war; gera interna N 

civil war; gera lampin N blitzkrieg; gera mundal N 

world war; gera nucleal N nuclear warfare; gera 

psicolojial N psychological warfare; geror N warrior; 

gerosa ADJ bellicose, warlike 

gerilia N guerrilla, guerilla; gera de gerilia N guerrilla 

warfare, guerilla warfare 

germanica ADJ N Germanic, Teutonic (person, language) 

germanio N germanium (element) 

Gernsi N Guernsey; gernsies ADJ N Guernésiais, Sarnian 

geser N geyser 

gestalt N gestalt 

gestapo N gestapo 

geto N ghetto 

gexa N geisha 

gi N ghee 

gibon N gibbon (primate: family Hylobatidae) 

gida VT guide, lead, conduct, convey, usher; drive 

(vehicle), steer; N guidance, leadership; gidador N guide 

(device); gidor N guide, leader; driver (of vehicle); 

malgida V misguide, mislead 

giga- PREF giga- [× 10^9] 

gilotin N guillotine; gilotini VT guillotine 

ginco N ginkgo (tree: species Ginkgo biloba) 

Gine N Guinea; ginean ADJ N Guinean 

Gine Ecuatoral N Equatorial Guinea; ecuatoginean ADJ N 

Ecuatorial Guinean, Ecuatoginean 

Gine-Bisau N Guinea-Bissau 

gingam N gingham; de gingam ADJ gingham 

ginia VT wink, blink; N wink, blink 

gitar N guitar; gitar acustical N acoustic guitar; gitar de 

baso N bass guitar; gitariste N guitarist 

gladiator N gladiator 

gladiolo N gladiolus 

glande N gland; glande salival N salivary gland; glande 

suprarenal N adrenal gland; glande tiroide N thyroid 

gland 

glareola N pratincole (wading bird: genus Glareola, genus 

Stiltia) 

glasia N glacier, icecap; glasi VI glaciate; N glaciation; 

glasia polal N polar icecap; glasial ADJ glacial; 

glasida ADJ glaciated 

glasnost N glasnost 

glaucoma N glaucoma 

gleditsia N honey locust (tree: genus Gleditsia) 

gli N glee (music) 

glicojen N glycogen 

gliserol N glycerol, glycerin, glycerine 

globo N globe (planet, map, or any roughly spherical 

object); global ADJ global, worldwide; ADV globally, 

worldwide; globali VI globalize; N globalization; globo 

de oio N eyeball 

glocenspil N glockenspiel 

glomerulo N glomerulus 

gloria N glory, magnificence, majesty; dona gloria a V 

glorify; gloriosa ADJ glorious, magnificent, majestic 

glosa N gloss, annotation; gloseria N glossary 

glote N glottis; glotal ADJ glottal; N glottal (consonant) 

gloton ADJ gluttonous; N glutton; glotonia N gluttony 

glucosa N glucose, blood sugar 

glu-glu INTERJ gobble (turkey, peacock) 

gluon N gluon 

glutamato N glutamate 

gluteo N buttock, gluteus; gluteos N PL buttocks, bottom 

gneto N gnetum (tree: genus Gnetum) 

gnostica ADJ N gnostic; gnosticisme N gnosticism 

gnu N gnu, wildebeest (mammal: genus Connochaetes) 

go N go (board game) 

gobio N goby (fish: family Gobiidae) 

gofer N gopher (mammal: family Geomyidae) 

gol N goal (purpose; scoring area; point scored); fa un 

gol V score; golor N goalkeeper 

golem N golem (mythical creature) 

golf N golf (game); golfor N golfer 

golfo N gulf (water) 

goma N gum; goma de cansela N eraser; goma de 

mastica N chewing gum; gomin ADJ gummy 

gombo N okra (plant: species Abelmoschus esculentus) 

gondola N gondola 

gongo N gong 

gonorea N gonorrhea, clap (disease) 

gorila N gorilla (primate: genus Gorilla) 

gospel ADJ N gospel (music) 

gota VI drip; N drip, drop (of liquid); goteta N droplet; 

tiny amount (metaphor), smidgen, tad; goton N blob, 

dollop 

gota ADJ Gothic; N Goth 

gotea VI N leak 

gotica ADJ Gothic (architecture) 

governa VT govern, rule; N government, rule, regime; 

cabinet; e-governa N e-government; governa ombral N 

shadow government, shadow cabinet; governa 

popetin N puppet government, puppet regime; 

governor N governor; intergovernal ADJ 

intergovernmental; malgoverna V misgovern, misrule; 

misgovernment, misrule; nongovernable ADJ 

ungovernable 

grado N degree, extent; rank; stair, tread, step (of 

staircase, process); stage (of process); gradal ADJ 

gradual; ADV gradually; gradeta N rung; grado de 

celsius N degree celsius; par grado ADJ gradual; ADV 

55

gradually; redui de grado N downgrade; redui la 

grado V downgrade; retrogradal ADJ retrograde 

gradua VI graduate; N graduation; graduada ADJ 

graduated; N graduate; posgraduada ADJ N 

postgraduate; pregraduada ADJ N undergraduate 

graf N graph 

grafica ADJ N graphic 

grafiti N graffiti 

grafito N graphite 

grai N gray (measure) 

gram N gram (measure); cilogram N kilogram; 

decagram N decagram; desigram N decigram; 

ectogram N hectogram; miligram N milligram; 

sentigram N centigram 

gramatica N grammar; gramatical ADJ grammatical; ADV 

grammatically; gramaticiste N grammarian 

gran N grain, particle, cereal seed, kernel, cereal crop; 

graneria N barn, granary; graneta N granule; bagatelle, 

trinket, trifle; granetal ADJ granular 

granada N pomegranate (fruit, plant: species Punica 

granatum); grenade; granador N grenadier (soldier) 

granato N garnet 

grande ADJ large, big, great (including Alexander the 

Great); ADV greatly, very; cambia la grandia de V 

resize; de grandia cambiable ADJ resizable; de 

grandia natural ADJ full-size, full-scale, life-size; de 

grandia vera ADJ life-size; grandi VI enlarge, grow, 

increase, amplify, magnify, augment, scale up, escalate; 

N enlargement, growth, increase, amplification, 

magnification; augmentation, escalation; grandia N 

size, amplitude; grandiosa ADJ grandiose 

granito N granite 

graniza VI hail (weather); N hail 

granuloma N granuloma 

granulopoiese N granulopoiesis 

granulosite N granulocyte 

granulositopenia N granulocytopenia 

grapa N staple (fastener); grapador N stapler, staple gun; 

grapi VT staple 

gras N fat (oily animal material), grease; gras de ren N 

suet; grasi VT grease; grasosa ADJ fat, fatty, greasy 

grasia VT thank; N gratitude; con grasias a PREP thanks 

to; es grasiosa per V be grateful for, appreciate; 

grasias N PL thanks; INTERJ thank you, thanks; grasias 

a Dio INTERJ thank God, thank goodness; grasias a la 

sielo INTERJ thank heavens; grasiosa ADJ grateful, 

thankful; nongrasiada ADJ thankless (task); 

nongrasiante ADJ ungrateful, thankless (person); 

pregrasia V thank in advance; pregrasias N PL INTERJ 

thanks in advance 

grava VT engrave, etch; N engraving, etching; gravador N 

engraving machine; gravor N engraver 

grave ADJ grave, serious, dire (injury, illness, error); 

gravia N seriousness, gravity 

gravita VI gravitate; N gravity 

graviton N graviton 

56 

grebe N grebe (bird: family Podicipedidae) 

gregorian ADJ Gregorian 

Grenada N Grenada; grenadian ADJ N Grenadian 

greve VI strike (stop work); N strike 

greve nonlegal N wildcat strike 

grifon N griffin, gryphon (mythological animal) 

grilia N grill, grid, grate, lattice, trellis; hash sign, number 

sign (US), pound sign (US) (#); grili VT grill, broil; add 

a hash sign to; grilia de ximineria N grate (of a 

fireplace) 

grilo N cricket (insect: suborder Ensifera); grilo verde N 

katydid, bush cricket (insect: family Tettigoniidae) 

grima VI N grimace, frown, scowl, glower, glare, sneer 

(expressing anger, sadness, or concentration) 

grinse VI N creak, squeak, grate (harsh high-pitched 

sound) 

gripe N influenza, flu; gripe avial N avian flu, bird flu; 

gripe porcal N swine flu 

gris ADJ N gray (US), grey (Br) (color) 

Gronland N Greenland (also Calalitnunat); 

gronlandes ADJ Greenlandic; N Greenlander 

grosela N redcurrant (fruit, plant: species Ribes rubrum); 

grosela negra N blackcurrant (fruit, plant: species 

Ribes nigrum) 

grrr INTERJ grrr (lion, tiger, dog) 

gru N crane (bird: family Gruidae; machine); la Gru N 

Grus (constellation) 

grunje ADJ N grunge (music) 

grupi N groupie 

grupo N group, bunch, batch, troop, cohort, cluster, 

clump; grupi VI group, form a group; grupo de odia N 

hate group; grupo laborante N working party, working 

group; supragrupo N supergroup, umbrella group 

guacamole N guacamole 

Guadelup N Guadeloupe; guadelupean ADJ 

Guadeloupean 

guaiava N guava (fruit, plant: genus Psidium) 

Guam N Guam; guamanian ADJ N Guamanian 

guangdong N Guang Dong Wa (language) 

guano N guano 

guarani ADJ N Guarani (person, language) 

Guatemala N Guatemala; guatemalteca ADJ N 

Guatemalan 

gugli VT N google (informal: search using Google) 

gugli N googly (cricket) 

gugol N googol (ten to the power of a hundred) 

gugolplex N googolplex 

Guian Franses N French Guiana; guianes ADJ N Guianan 

Guiana N Guyana; guianan ADJ N Guyanan 

gujarati ADJ N Gujarati (language) 

gulag N gulag 

gulax N goulash 

gundi N gundi (mammal: family Ctenodactylidae)

guptan ADJ Guptan 

gurgula VI N gurgle, glug, squelch 

guru N guru 

gusta VT like, enjoy, be fond of; N enjoyment; 

gustable ADJ likable, enjoyable, pleasant, agreeable; no 

gusta V dislike; nongusta N dislike 

H /hax/ N H (letter) 

ha ha INTERJ ha ha (laugh) 

H 

haca ADJ N Hakka (language) 

hadj N hajj 

hadji N hajji 

hafnio N hafnium (element) 

hagis N haggis 

Haiastan N Armenia; haiaren ADJ N Armenian (language, 

person) 

haicu N haiku 

haida ADJ N Haida (language) 

halal ADJ halal; N halal meat 

halux N hallux (medical: big toe); halux valga N bunion 

han N khan, khagan 

hanato N khanate, khaganate 

hangugo ADJ N Korean (person, language) 

haraciri N harakiri 

hartebesta N hartebeest (mammal: species Alcelaphus 

buselaphus) 

hasio N hassium (element) 

Hauaii N Hawaii 

hausa ADJ N Hausa (language) 

hax N name of letter H 

he INTERJ hey (catching attention) 

hena N henna 

henri N henry (measure) 

Hercule N Hercules (constellation, mythology); 

herculin ADJ Herculean 

Hersegovina N Herzegovina; hersegovasce N 

Herzegovinian 

herze N hertz (measure) 

hi hi INTERJ tee-hee (giggle) 

hibatxi N hibachi 

hidjra N hejira 

hindi ADJ N Hindi (language) 

hiphop ADJ hip-hop 

hiragana N hiragana 

hm INTERJ hm (grunt), ahem (attracting attention) 

ho ho ho INTERJ ho ho ho (jolly laugh) 

hoci N hockey 

holmio N holmium (element) 

holoe ADJ N Taiwanese (language) 

Hongkong N Hong Kong 

hopi ADJ N Hopi (person, language) 

hula N hula 

hun ADJ Hunnic; N Hun 

husiste ADJ N Hussite 

huterita ADJ N Hutterite 

I N I (letter) 

i INTERJ eek (fright) 

-i SUF V [added to an adjective or noun: become, cause to 

become (grandi; grupi); emit (salivi)] 

I 

-i SUF V [added to a noun: apply the noun as a tool (botoni) 

or substance (pinti)] 

-i SUF ADJ N [added to a geographical name: ADJ pertaining 

to; N inhabitant and language (arabi); also -an, -es, -ica, 

-sce] 

ia ADV PREVERB did (past tense marker); ia ta ADV 

PREVERB would have (past conditional/conditional 

perfect verb marker) 

-ia SUF -ness, -ity, -hood, -ship [added to an adjective or 

noun: quality or state of being (felisia); with a few 

nouns: time or domain: (enfantia; bispia)] 

i-aa INTERJ eeyore, hee haw (donkey) 

iac N yak (species Bos grunniens, Bos mutus) 

Iaman N Yemen; iamani ADJ N Yemeni 

iambo N iamb; iambal ADJ iambic 

ianci ADJ N yankee 

iard N yard (measure) 

iato N yacht; iator N yachtsman, yachtswoman 

Iberia N Iberia; iberian ADJ N Iberian 

ibex N ibex (mammal: various members of genus Capra) 

ibis N ibis (bird: subfamily Threskiornithinae) 

ibisco N hibiscus (plant: genus Hibiscus) 

ibride ADJ hybrid, crossbred; N hybrid, crossbreed; 

ibridi VI hybridize, crossbreed; N hybridization 

ica VT hiccup; N hiccup 

-ica SUF ADJ N [added to a geographical name: ADJ 

pertaining to; N inhabitant and language (celtica); also 

-an, -es, -i, -sce] 

-ica SUF ADJ N [added to a noun ending in “-ia” that 

denotes a medical or psychological condition: ADJ 

suffering from; N sufferer of (ipocondrica)] 

icon N icon; iconal ADJ iconic 

icosaedro ADJ icosahedral; N icosahedron 

id N id (psychology) 

idea N idea, concept, issue, notion; ideal ADJ ideal; ADV 

ideally; ideali VI idealize; N idealization; idealia N 

57

ideality; idealisme N idealism; idealiste ADJ idealistic; 

N idealist 

identia N identity 

identica ADJ identical 

identifia VT identify, designate, log in (software); N 

identification, designation; desidentifia V log out 

(software); identifiable ADJ identifiable; identifiada ADJ 

identified, designated, logged in (software) 

ideolojia N ideology; ideolojial ADJ ideological; 

ideolojiste N ideologist 

ides ADJ N Yiddish (language) 

idilio N idyll (poem; situation); idilial ADJ idyllic 

idiom N idiom (non-literal expression); idiomal ADJ 

idiomatic 

idol N idol; idoli VI idolize; N idolatry 

idra N hydra (mythological creature; animal: genus 

Hydra); la Idra N Hydra (constellation); la Idra Mas N 

Hydrus (constellation) 

idrante N hydrant, fire hydrant, fire plug 

idrata VT hydrate, moisturize; N hydration; desidrata V 

dehydrate, dehydration; idratante ADJ moisturizing; N 

moisturizer 

idrocarbono N hydrocarbon 

idrofil ADJ hydrophilic; N hydrophile; idrofilia N 

hydrophilia 

idrofobia N hydrophobia; idrofobica ADJ hydrophobic; N 

hydrophobe 

idrojen N hydrogen (element) 

idrolise VT hydrolyze (US), hydrolyse (Br); N hydrolysis 

idrosefalia N hydrocephalus 

idrosfera N hydrosphere 

idrostatica ADJ hydrostatic 

ie INTERJ yeah (encouragement) 

ien N yen 

iena N hyena (mammal: family Hyaenidae) 

ier ADV yesterday; a la dia ante ier ADV the day before 

yesterday 

ierarcia N hierarchy; ierarcial ADJ hierarchical 

ieroglifo N hieroglyph; ieroglifal ADJ hieroglyphic 

iglu N igloo 

iguana N iguana (reptile: genus Iguana) 

iii INTERJ neigh (horse) 

i-i-i INTERJ ook, ee-ee-ee (monkey) 

iin-iang N yin-yang 

ijenia N hygiene, sanitation; ijeni VT sanitize; ijenial ADJ 

hygienic, sanitary 

ilario ADJ hilarious; ilaria N hilarity, mirth 

ileo N ileum (anatomy) 

ilex N holly (plant: genus Ilex) 

Iliada N Iliad 

Ilio N Ilium, Ilion 

Iliria N Illyria 

ilude VT delude; N delusion, illusion; desilude VT 

58 

disillusion; N disillusionment; ilude de grandiosia N 

delusion of grandeur; ilude de paranoia N delusion of 

paranoia; ilude de vide N optical illusion, visual illusion 

imaje N image, picture, graphic; frame (of film); imaje de 

sinia N glyph; imaje matrisal N bitmap image, raster 

image; imaje vetoral N vector image, vector graphic; 

imajes serial N slide show; imajeta N thumbnail 

(image); imaji VI VT image; N imaging (e.g. medical) 

imajina VT imagine, fancy, dream up, think up, think of; N 

imagination; imajinal ADJ imaginary, fictional, 

fictitious, chimeric, chimerical; imajinosa ADJ 

imaginative 

imantico N stilt (wading bird: genus Himantopus) 

imen N hymen, maidenhead 

imita VT imitate, mimic, emulate; N imitation, mimicry, 

emulation; imitor N impressionist, mimic 

imno N hymn, anthem 

imobila N real estate, premises, property (buildings and 

land; countable) 

impala N impala (mammal: species Aepyceros melampus) 

impasto N impasto 

impedi VT impede, hinder, prevent, hamper, deter, 

preclude, thwart; obstruct, block, congest; N blockade, 

obstacle, congestion, obstruction, impediment, 

hindrance; impedida ADJ congested 

impenia VT pawn; impenieria N pawnshop 

impero N empire; imperal ADJ imperial; imperor N 

emperor; imperoresa N empress 

implanta VT implant; N implantation; implantada ADJ 

implanted; N implant 

implica VT imply, implicate; N implication; implicada ADJ 

implied, implicit, default; N default (value) 

implode VI implode; N implosion 

importa VI be important, matter, have significance, have 

import; N importance, significance; salience, 

prominence; importante ADJ important, significant; 

salient, prominent; ADV importantly, significantly; no 

importa INTERJ it's not important, never mind, whatever 

(disinterest); nonimportante ADJ unimportant, 

insignificant, trivial 

imposta VT tax; N tax; imposta de erita N inheritance tax; 

imposta de valua ajuntada N value-added tax, VAT; 

impostable ADJ taxable; sin imposta ADJ tax-free; 

surimposta VT N surtax 

impresa VT impress, imprint, emboss, stamp; N 

impression, imprint; impresa de dito N fingerprint; 

impresa de pede N footprint; impresable ADJ 

impressionable; impresablia N impressionability; 

impresador N stamp (for creating impressions); 

impresante ADJ impressive; impresisme N 

Impressionism; impresiste N Impressionist (artist); 

nonimpresada ADJ unimpressed, blasé 

improvisa VT improvise; jam (music); N improvisation; 

improvisada ADJ improvised, impromptu 

impulsa N impulse, impulsion 

imune ADJ immune; autoimune /auto-imune/ ADJ 

autoimmune; imunia N immunity

imunoglobulina N immunoglobulin 

-in SUF ADJ -ish, -like, -y [added to a noun: resembling 

(amin, serpentin)] 

inata ADJ innate 

inca N ink; inci VT ink 

incandese VI incandesce, glow, be white-hot; N 

incandescence; incandesente ADJ incandescent, whitehot 

incarne VI incarnate; N incarnation; reincarne /re-incarne/ 

V reincarnate; N reincarnation 

inclina VI incline, slope, tip; bow (in respect); VT nod 

(head); N incline, slope, bank (elevated ground); bow; 

inclinada ADJ inclined, sloped 

inclui VT include; N inclusion; inclui partal VT overlap, 

partially include; incluinte ADJ including, inclusive 

inco N anvil; incus (anatomy) 

incuba VT incubate, cause to hatch; N incubation 

incubo N incubus 

incuisisio N inquisition 

indente VT indent, dent, nick; N indentation; 

desindente VT unindent, outdent; N hanging indent; 

indente de jena N dimple; indente de surie N dimple 

India N India (also Barat); indian ADJ N Indian (person, 

language); Indias Este N East Indies; Indias Ueste N 

West Indies; la Indian N Indus (constellation); Mar 

Indian N Indian Ocean 

indica VT indicate, point (to); N indication (including 

medical); sign, harbinger, portent, omen, clue, evidence; 

indica e clica V point and click (software); indica 

mal N bad omen, evil omen; indicador N indicator, dial, 

readout; hand (of clock); marker, bookmark; indicador 

de venta N weathervane; indicas de vive N PL signs of 

life, life signs; indiceta V hint; N hint, slight indication 

indio N indium (element) 

indise N index (number); suindise N subscript; 

supraindise /supra-indise/ N superscript 

individua ADJ individual; ADV individually, one by one; N 

individual; individuisme N individualism; 

individuiste ADJ N individualist 

indoeuropean ADJ N Indo-European 

Indonesia N Indonesia; indonesian ADJ N Indonesian 


Indoxina N Indochina 

indri N indri, woolly lemur (primate: family Indriidae) 

indu ADJ N Hindu; induisme N Hinduism; induiste ADJ N 

Hindu 

indui VT lead into, induce, induct, inaugurate; N induction, 

inauguration 

industria N industry; industri VT industrialize; 

industrial ADJ industrial 

inere VI inhere; inerente ADJ inherent 

inerte ADJ inert, inactive, quiescent; inertia N inertia, 

quiescence 

inferior ADJ inferior, second-rate; inferiori VI VT 

subordinate; N subordination 

infesta VT infest, haunt; N infestation; desinfesta V weed; 

exorcise; desinfestante ADJ weeding; N weedkiller; 

infestada ADJ infested, haunted 

infeta VT infect; N infection; desinfeta V disinfect; 

desinfetante de boca N mouthwash; infeta ajuntada N 

secondary infection 

infiltra VT infiltrate; N infiltration 

infinita ADJ infinite; infinitia N infinity 

infinitiva ADJ N infinitive (grammar) 

infisa VT infix; N infix 

infla VI inflate, distend, swell, bloat, billow; N inflation 

(including economic), swelling, bloat; inflable ADJ N 

inflatable; inflada ADJ inflated, swollen, bloated, puffy, 

tumescent; pudgy 

inflama VT inflame; N inflammation; antiinflama ADJ antiinflammatory; 

inflamante ADJ inflammatory 

infleta VT inflect; N inflection 

influe VT influence, affect, sway; N influence; 

influente ADJ influential; ADV influentially 

infografia N computer graphics, CAD, CGI 

informa VT inform; N information, intelligence (gathered); 

informa fondal N background information; informa 

secreta N classified information; malinforma V 

misinform 

informatica N information science, computer science 

infotecnolojia N information technology, IT, ICT 

infraordina N infraorder (biology) 

infraroja ADJ N infrared 

infrastrutur N infrastructure 

infusa VT infuse, brew (tea, coffee); N infusion, brew 

ingrediente N ingredient 

inguin N groin 

iniora VT ignore, flout; N ignorance; iniorable ADJ 

negligible; iniorante ADJ ignorant 

inisia VT initiate, start, ignite; boot (software), initialize; N 

initiation, ignition; inisia duple V dual-boot (software); 

inisia multiple V multiboot (software); inisia pronto N 

instant-on; inisiador N starter (of engine), ignition (of 

car); inisial ADJ initial, leading; default, startup; 

inisior N initiator, starter (person); reinisia /re-inisia/ V 

N restart, reset, reboot 

injenia VT engineer; N ingenuity, engineering; injenior N 

engineer; injenior de sona N sound engineer; 

injeniosa ADJ ingenious 

injeta VT inject; N injection 

inonda VT inundate, flood, drown; overwhelm, 

overpower; N inundation; inonda de informa N 

information overload; inonda de mercato N dumping 

(economic); inondante ADJ overwhelming; mori par 

inonda V drown, be drowned; N drowning 

inosente ADJ innocent (not intending harm) 

inova VT innovate; N innovation; inovor N innovator; 

inovosa ADJ innovative 

insenso N incense 

inserta VT graft; N graft; inserta de oso N bone graft; 

inserta de pel N skin graft 

59

insesto N incest; insestal ADJ incestuous 

insetiside N insecticide 

insetivor ADJ insectivorous; N insectivore 

inseto N insect (class Insecta) 

insinia N insignia, badge 

insiste VT insist; N insistence 

insone ADJ insomniac; N insomniac; insonia N insomnia 

inspira VT inspire, arouse (interest, action); N inspiration; 

inspiror N luminary 

instala VT install; N installation; desinstala V uninstall, 

deinstall 

instinto N instinct; instintosa ADJ instinctive; senti 

instintosa N gut feeling 

institui VT institute, establish, set up (activity, person in 

role); N institution (act); institual ADJ institutional; 

instituida N institute, institution (thing), establishment 

(thing) 

instrui VT instruct, educate, school, teach, train (including 

animals), edify; N instruction, education, teaching, 

training, edification, how-to; autoinstruida /autoinstruida/ 

ADJ self-taught, autodidact; instrui 

ajuntada N further education; instrui algun sur la 

regulas N instruct someone about the rules; instrui 

coletiva N mass education; instrui de liseo N secondary 

education; instrui de universia N higher education; 

instrui prima N primary education; instruida ADJ 

educated, trained, schooled, learned; instruor N 

educator, instructor, trainer, coach; noninstruida ADJ 

uneducated, untrained, unschooled, ignorant 

insulin N insulin 

insulta VT insult; N insult 

intalio N intaglio 

intarsia N intarsia, inlay, marquetry 

intata ADJ intact 

integra VT integrate; N integration; desintegra V 

disintegrate, crumble; N disintegration; integrada ADJ 

integrated, built-in; integral ADJ integral 

inteleto N intellect; inteletal ADJ intellectual (of the 

intellect); inteleto artifisial N artificial intelligence 

intelijente ADJ intelligent, intellectual, smart, clever; 

esamina de intelijentia N intelligence test, IQ test; 

grado de intelijentia N intelligence quotient, IQ; 

intelijentia N intelligence, astuteness, intellect 

intende VT intend, mean (to do something); intent, 

purpose, aim, motive; bonintendente ADJ wellintentioned, 

well-meaning; con intende ce CONJ so 

that, in order that (indicating intended result); con 

intende de PREP for, with the intention of; 

intendeda ADJ intended, meant, premeditated; 

intendente ADJ intentional, deliberate, on purpose; 

malintendente ADJ ill-willed, cruel 

intensa ADJ intense; intensi VI intensify; N intensification; 

intensia N intensity 

intera ADJ entire, whole, total; ADV entirely, wholly, 

totally; N whole, entirety, totality 

interesa VT interest; N interest (including money), return 

(on investment), attention; desinteresa V N disinterest; 

60 

desinteresada ADJ disinterested; interesa 

composada N compound interest; interesante ADJ 

interesting, fascinating 

interfas N interface; interfas de usor N user interface; 

interfas grafica de usor N graphical user interface, 

GUI 

interfere VI interfere, meddle, hinder; N interference; 

interferor N meddler, busybody 

interjeta VT interject; N interjection 

interna ADJ inner, interior, internal; inland; N inside; 

outback; a interna de PREP within, inside, in the interior 

of; interni VI internalize, intake; la plu interna ADJ 

innermost 

interoga VT interrogate, examine; N interrogation 

interompe VT interrupt, suspend; N interruption, 

suspension 

interpola VT interpolate; N interpolation 

interpone VT interpose 

interprete VT interpret, construe; N interpretation; 

interpretador N interpreter 

intersepi VT intercept; N interception 

interstisio N interstice; interstisial ADJ interstitial 

interval N interval (including musical), interlude 

interveni VI intervene, intercede; N intervention, 

intercession 

intervisa VT interview; N interview; intervisor N 

interviewer 

intestin N intestine; intestin magra N small intestine; 

intestin spesa N large intestine; intestinal ADJ 

intestinal; intestines N PL intestines, guts, viscera, 

entrails 

intima ADJ intimate; intimia N intimacy 

intrarede N intranet 

intravenal ADJ intravenous 

introdui VT introduce (substance, topic, law; but not 

person), insert, institute; N insertion, introduction; 

prelude, overture; introdui gradal VT phase in 

introspeta VI introspect; N introspection; 

introspetante ADJ introspective 

introverti VI introvert; N introversion; introvertida ADJ 

introverted; N introvert 

intrui VI intrude; N intrusion; intruor N intruder 

intui VT intuit; N intuition, insight; contra intui ADJ 

counterintuitive; intuable ADJ intuitable, intuitive 

(design); intuosa ADJ intuitive, insightful (person); 

nonintuable ADJ unintuitable, unintuitive (design); 

nonintuosa ADJ unintuitive (person) 

inuit ADJ N Inuit (person, language) 

invade VT invade, trespass; overrun (with); N invasion, 

incursion; invador N invader, trespasser 

inventa VT invent, devise, contrive, concoct; N invention; 

inventor N inventor; inventosa ADJ inventive; 

reinventa /re-inventa/ V reinvent; N reinvention 

inverno N winter; efeto invernerial N greenhouse effect; 

gas invernerial N greenhouse gas; invernal ADJ 

hibernal; inverneria N greenhouse, glasshouse,

hothouse; inverni VT hibernate; N hibernation; 

invernin ADJ wintry; mediainverno N midwinter 

inversa VT invert, turn upside-down; capsize; 

inversada ADJ inverted, upside-down; capsized 

investi VT invest; N investment; investor N investor, 

stakeholder; investor otimiste N bull; investor 

pesimiste N bear 

investiga VT investigate; N investigation; investigor N 

investigator 

invia VT envy; N envy 

invita VT invite; co-opt; N invitation; invita a comunica N 

overture (to communications); invita a negosia N 

overture (to negotiations); invitada ADJ invited; N guest 

iodo N iodine (element) 

ioga N yoga 

iogi N yogi 

iogurte N yoghurt 

ioio N yo-yo 

ioman N yeoman 

ion N ion; ional ADJ ionic; ioni VT ionize; N ionization 

ioni N yoni 

ionosfera N ionosphere 

iora N iora (bird: genus Aegithina) 

ioruba N Yoruba (language of Africa) 

iota N iota (Greek letter) 

iperasidia N hyperacidity; iperasidia gastral N heartburn 

iperativa ADJ hyperactive; iperativia N hyperactivity 

iperbara ADJ hyperbaric 

ipercinesia N hyperkinesia 

ipercubo N hypercube, tesseract 

ipereflexia N hyperreflexia 

iperfajia N hyperphagia 

iperglisemia N hyperglycemia (US), hyperglycaemia (Br) 

iperico N St John's-wort (plant: genus Hypericum) 

iperidrose N hyperhidrosis 

iperlia N hyperlink 

iperlipidemia N hyperlipidemia (US), hyperlipidaemia 

(Br) 

iperope ADJ farsighted (US), long-sighted (Br); 

iperopia N farsightedness (US), long-sightedness (Br) 

iperostose N hyperostosis 

iperpirexia N hyperpyrexia 

iperplasia N hyperplasia 

ipersecrete VT hypersecrete; N hypersecretion 

ipersensosa ADJ hypersensitive 

iperstimula VT hyperstimulate, overstimulate; N 

hyperstimulation, overstimulation 

ipertensa N hypertension; ipertensal ADJ N hypertensive 

ipertermia N hyperthermia 

ipertesto N hypertext 

ipertiroidia N hyperthyroidism 

ipertonia N hypertonia 

ipertricose N hypertrichosis 

ipertrofia N hypertrophy 

iperurisemia N hyperuricemia (US), hyperuricaemia (Br) 

ipnose VT hypnotize; N hypnosis, hypnotism; ipnosal ADJ 

hypnotic; ipnosiste N hypnotist, hypnotizer 

ipocalemia N hypokalemia (US), hypokalaemia (Br) 

ipocampo N hippocampus 

ipocolio N hypocolius (bird: species Hypocolius 

ampelinus) 

ipocondria N hypochondriasis; ipocondrica ADJ 

hypochondriac; N hypochondriac 

ipocrita ADJ hypocritical; N hypocrite; ipocritia ADJ 

hypocrisy 

ipoderma N hypodermis; ipodermal ADJ hypodermic 

ipofise N pituitary gland; ipofisal ADJ hypophysial 

ipoglisemia N hypoglycemia (US), hypoglycaemia (Br) 

ipogloso N halibut (fish: genus Hippoglossus) 

ipogonadia N hypogonadism 

ipomania N hypomania 

ipomea N morning glory (plant: genus Ipomoea) 

ipopotamo N hippopotamus, hippo (mammal: species 

Hippopotamus amphibius) 

iposemia N hypoxemia (US), hypoxaemia (Br) 

iposia N hypoxia 

ipotalamo N hypothalamus 

ipoteca N mortgage; ipoteca suprima N subprime 

mortgage 

ipotensa N hypotension; ipotensal ADJ N hypotensive 

ipotermia N hypothermia 

ipotese VT hypothesize (US), hypothesise (Br); N 

hypothesis; ipotesal ADJ hypothetical; ADV 

hypothetically 

Irac N Iraq; iraci ADJ N Iraqi (person) 

iraco N hyrax (mammal: family Procaviidae) 

Iran N Iran; irani ADJ N Iranian (person, language) 

irena N fairy-bluebird (bird: genus Irena) 

iridio N iridium (element) 

iriga VT irrigate; N irrigation 

iris N iris (eye, plant: genus iris) 

irita VT irritate, annoy, bother, pester, peeve, irk; N 

irritation, annoyance, nuisance; iritable ADJ irritable, 

touchy, tetchy; iritada ADJ irritated, annoyed, bothered, 

cross; iritante ADJ irritating, irritant, disagreeable, 

annoying, bothersome 

irocuoi ADJ Iroquois (person) 

ironia N irony; ironial ADJ ironic 

isberg N iceberg 

islam N Islam 

Island N Iceland; islansce ADJ N Icelandic (person, 

language), Icelander 

-isme SUF N -ism [added to a noun, alternating with -isme: 

related system of belief (femiste; optimiste); additional 

international uses (simbolisme, turisme)] 

61

isola N island, isle; acustical isolida ADJ soundproof, 

soundproofed; isolal ADJ insular; isoleta N islet; isoli VI 

VT isolate, insulate, sequester; N isolation, insulation; 

isoli acustical V soundproof; isolida ADJ isolated, 

insulated; out-of-the-way; isolida par neva ADJ snowed 

in 

Isola Man N Isle of Man; manes ADJ N Manx 

Isola Natal N Christmas Island 

Isola Pascual N Easter Island, Rapa Nui 

Isolas Galapagos N PL Galápagos Islands 

Isolas Majel N PL Marshall Islands; majel ADJ N Marshall 

Islander 

Isolas Solomon N PL Solomon Islands; solomones ADJ N 

Soloman Islander 

Isolas Virjin N PL Virgin Islands 

isometral ADJ isometric 

isostasia N isostasy 

Israel N Israel; israeli ADJ N Israeli (person) 

istamina N histamine 

-iste SUF ADJ N -ist [added to a noun, alternating with 

-isme: adherent of belief (femiste; optimiste); added to a 

noun ending in “-ia” or “-ica” that denotes a field of 

study: practitioner (jeolojiste); added to a noun denoting 

an instrument: musician (gitariste); additional 

international uses (jornaliste, turiste)] 

isterectomia N hysterectomy 

isteria N hysteria; isteria coletiva N mass hysteria; 

isterica ADJ hysterical 

istmo N isthmus 

istoria N history; track record; istoria fondal N backstory; 

istorial ADJ historical; istoriste N historian; 

preistoria /pre-istoria/ N prehistory; preistorial /preistorial/ 

ADJ prehistorical 

istoriografia N historiography; istoriografiste N 

historiographer 

Italia N Italy; italian ADJ N Italian (person, language) 

itera VI iterate; N iteration; iteral ADJ iterative 

iterbio N ytterbium (element) 

Itiopia N Ethiopia; itiopian ADJ N Ethiopian 

itrio N yttrium (element) 

iu INTERJ ugh, yuck, pooh (disgust) 

iuan N yuan (money) 

iudi ADJ Jewish; N Jew; antiiudiste ADJ anti-Jewish, 

antisemitic; N antisemite; iudisme N Judaism 

iugo N yoke 

Iugoslavia N Yugoslavia; iugoslavian ADJ Yugoslav 

iurt N yurt 

ivor N ivory 

ivri ADJ N Hebrew (person, language); ivrisme N 

Hebraism, Hebraica 

62 

J /je/ N J (letter) 

ja ADV already, just 

J 

jaca N coat, jacket (suit, sports), windbreaker (US), 

windcheater (Br); jaca de sera N tuxedo (US), dinner 

jacket (Br); jaceta N vest (US), waistcoat (Br); jacon N 

overcoat, raincoat; jacon de foso N trenchcoat; jacon 

robin N frock coat 

jacana N jacana (bird: genus Jacanidae) 

jada N jade; jadin ADJ N jade (color) 

jaguar N jaguar (mammal: species Panthera onca) 

jai N jay (bird: various genera of family Corvidae) 

jaieta N jet (lignite); jaietin ADJ jet-black; N jet black 

jain ADJ N Jain; jainisme N Jainism 

jala ADJ N yellow (color); jala de ovo N egg yolk; 

jalin ADJ yellowish, yellowy 

jalapenio N jalapeño (cultivar of species Capsicum 

annuum) 

jalea N jam (preserve) 

Jamaica N Jamaica; jamaican ADJ N Jamaican 

jamon N ham (meat) 

janero N January (month) 

Japan N Japan (also Nion); japanes ADJ N Japanese 


jar N jar; jari VT jar, can (preserve in a jar) 

jardin N garden, lawn; jardin de enfantes N kindergarten, 

nursery (for children); jardinor N gardener, landscaper; 

bowerbird (bird: family Ptilonorhynchidae) 

jasinto N hyacinth (plant: genus Hyacinthus) 

jasmin N jasmine (plant: genus Jasminum) 

jaz ADJ N jazz (music) 

Jazair N Algeria; jazairi ADJ N Algerian 

je N name of letter J 

jejuno N jejunum (anatomy) 

jela VI freeze; N freeze; dejela V defrost, unfreeze, thaw; N 

thaw; jelada ADJ frozen; N frost; jelador N freezer 

jelatin ADJ gelatinous; N gel, gelatin, jelly 

jelato N gelato 

jelo N ice; jelin ADJ icy; jelin fria ADJ ice-cold 

jelosa ADJ jealous; jelosia N jealousy, envy 

jem N jewel, gem 

jemelo ADJ N twin; jemeli VI geminate; N gemination; 

jemelo identica N identical twin; jemelo nonidentica N 

fraternal twin; jemelos N PL twins; la Jemelos N 

Gemini (constellation) 

jemi VT N groan, moan 

jena N cheek 

jene N gene 

jenealojia N genealogy; jenealojial ADJ genealogical; 

jenealojiste N genealogist 

jenera VT generate; N generation; jenerador N generator; 

rejenera V regenerate; N regeneration

jeneral N general (rank) 

jenero N genus, kind, type, genre; jeneral ADJ general; 

ADV generally, in general, as a rule, on the whole, 

overall, for the most part; jenerali VI generalize; N 

generalization; sujenero N subgenus 

jenerosa ADJ generous, charitable, magnanimous; 

jenerosia N generosity, largess, largesse, magnanimity 

jenetica N genetics; jenetical ADJ genetic; jenetical 

alterada ADJ genetically modified, GM; jeneticiste N 

geneticist 

jenio N genius, mastermind 

jeniseri N janissary 

jenita VT beget; jenital ADJ genital; jenitales N PL genitals, 

genitalia; jenitor N parent; jenitor futur N parent-to-be 

jenitiva ADJ N genitive (grammar) 

jenjiva N gum (mouth), gums; jenjival ADJ gingival 

jeno N knee; con jenos valga ADJ knock-kneed; con 

jenos vara ADJ bow-legged; jenos N PL knees, lap 

jenoside N genocide 

jentil ADJ gentle, kind, graceful (socially); ADV gently, 

kindly, gracefully; jentilia N gentleness, kindness, grace 

(social) 

jeodesia N geodesy; jeodesial ADJ geodesic 

jeodo N geode 

jeofisica N geophysics; jeofisical ADJ geophysical 

jeografia N geography; jeografial ADJ geographical; 

jeografiste N geographer 

jeolojia N geology; jeolojial ADJ geological; ADV 

geologically; jeolojiste N geologist 

jeometre VT survey (land); jeometror N surveyor (land) 

jeometria N geometry; jeometrial ADJ geometrical; 

jeometriste N geometrician 

jeopolitica N geopolitics; jeopolitical ADJ geopolitic, 

geopolitical 

jeosentral ADJ geocentric 

jeosincrona ADJ geosynchronous 

jeostable ADJ geostationary 

jeranio N geranium (plant: genus Geranium) 

jerboa N jerboa (mammal: family Dipodidae) 

jergo N slang, jargon 

jerme VI sprout, germinate; N sprout (young shoot), stub 

(article) 

Jersi N Jersey; jersies ADJ N Jèrriais 

jeso N gesso, plaster (material); jesi VT plaster; molda de 

jeso N cast (medical), plaster cast 

jesta VI gestate; N gestation 

jesto N gesture; jesti VT gesture; beckon 

jesuita ADJ N Jesuit 

jeta VI jet, squirt, spurt, spout, gush, spray; N jet, spray 

jeto N jet, jet plane; motor de jeto N jet engine 

jiba VT hunch (back), duck (head); N hump (of back); 

jibada ADJ humped, hunched; gibbous (moon) 

Jibraltar N Gibraltar; jibraltarian ADJ N Gibraltarian 

jiga N jig, gigue (music, dance) 

jigante ADJ giant, gigantic; N giant 

jigante de gas N gas giant 

jigolo N gigolo 

jihad N jihad; jihadiste N jihadi, jihadist 

jin N gin 

jinas N gymnasium 

jinasia N gymnastics, acrobatics; jinasia de aira N 

aerobatics; jinasial ADJ gymnastic, acrobatic; ADV 

gymnastically, acrobatically; jinasiste N gymnast, 

acrobat 

jinecolojia N gynecology (US), gynaecology (Br); 

jinecolojiste N gynecologist (US), gynaecologist (Br) 

jinesta N broom (plant: genus Chamaecytisus, Cytisus, 

Genista, etc) 

jini N genie 

jinjer N ginger (plant, rhizome: genus Zingiber) 

jins N (pair of) jeans 

jinsen N ginseng (plant, root: genus Panax) 

jira VI rotate, revolve, spin, whirl, twirl, swirl, gyrate, stir, 

pivot, swivel; N spin; jira a minima V idle (engine); 

jirabroca (comp) N brace (of brace and bit); jireta N 

spinning top 

jirafa N giraffe (mammal: species Giraffa camelopardalis); 

la Jirafa N Camelopardalis (constellation) 

jiro N gyrus (anatomy) 

jiroscopio N gyroscope 

joala N jewel (but not gem), piece of jewelry (US), piece 

of jewellery (Br); joala majiosa N amulet; joala 

perforante N piercing; joalas N PL jewelry (US), 

jewellery (Br); joaleria N jewelry store (US), jewellery 

store (Br); joalor N jeweler (US), jeweller (Br) 

joce N jockey 

jogla VT juggle; joglor N juggler 

joia VT rejoice, be joyous, have fun; N joy, fun; INTERJ 

cheers; joiosa ADJ joyous, merry, fun, exuberant 

joncila N jonquil (plant: species Narcissus jonquilla) 

Jonguo N China (also Xina); jonguo ADJ N Chinese 

Jordan N Jordan (also Urdun); jordani ADJ N Jordanian 

Jorjia N Georgia (Caucasus); jorjian ADJ N Georgian 


jornal N journal, magazine; jornal de ativia N log 

(software); jornal de contas N daybook, journal 

(accounting); jornal de prosegues N proceedings (of a 

society); jornal de viaja N log (ship); jornal dial N 

newspaper; jornal personal N diary; jornaleria N 

newsstand, newsagent (shop); jornalisme N journalism; 

jornalisme fotografial N photojournalism; jornaliste N 

journalist, correspondent; jornalistes N PL journalists, 

media, press 

jovedi N Thursday (day of week) 

joven ADJ young (of age); N youth, young person; 

jovenal ADJ juvenile (pertaining to young people); 

jovenia N youth (young age); jovenin ADJ youthlike, 

juvenile (behavior); jovenosa ADJ youthful; la plu 

joven ADJ youngest; plu joven ADJ younger; 

rejoveni VI rejuvenate; N rejuvenation 

63

jua VI play, gambol, frolic; fool, trifle; VT play (game, 

sport, music, instrument); N game, recreation; jua de 

acaso N game of chance; jua de aposta N betting 

game, gambling game; jua de asconde N hide and 

seek; jua de cartas N card game; jua de fortuna N 

game of chance, gambling; jua de ieroglifos N rebus; 

jua de la sieca N blind man's bluff, blind man's buff; 

jua de parolas N word game; jua de table N table 

game, board game; jua piano V play piano; jua video N 

video game; jua xace V play chess; jueria N 

playground, play area; jueta N toy, plaything; juor N 

gambler, gamer, player; juosa ADJ playful; 

mediajua /mediajúa/ N half-time; prejua V have 

foreplay; N foreplay 

jubila VI retire (from work); N retirement; jubilor N 

pensioner, retired person 

judi VT judge, estimate; N judgement, estimation; es 

prejudosa contra V be prejudiced against, discriminate 

against; juderia N judiciary; judor N judge, justice 

(person); judor local N local judge, magistrate; 

judores N PL judges, tribunal; maljudi V misjudge; 

prejudi V prejudge; N prejudice, bigotry, bias; 

prejudosa ADJ prejudiced, biased, bigoted, tendentious, 

narrow-minded 

judo N judo 

jugulal ADJ jugular 

jujutsu N jujutsu, jujitsu 

jul N joule (measure) 

julio N July (month) 

jumper N jumper dress (US), pinafore dress (Br), gymslip 

(Br) 

juna VI fast; N fasting, abstinence from food 

junca N junk (southeast Asian ship) 

junco N rush (plant: genus Juncus) 

junco N junco (bird: genus Junco) 

jungla N jungle 

junio N June (month) 

juniper N juniper (tree: genus Juniperus) 

junta VT join (things together), put together, clasp; N joint, 

articulation (of joint); conjunction (grammar); junta 

(government); dejunta de V unsubscribe; en junta ADV 

together; junta a V join (a group), subscribe; junta 

angulo N angled joint, mitred joint, mitre; junta 

selinte N gasket; junta T N T-junction; juntada ADJ 

joined; ADV together 

Jupiter N Jupiter (planet, mythology); Jove (mythology) 

jura VT swear, vow, take oath; N oath, vow; juror N juror 

jurasica ADJ N jurassic 

juria N jury, panel; juria grande N grand jury 

jus N juice (fluid extracted); jus de orania N orange juice; 

jus de poma N apple juice, cider (non-alcoholic); 

jusador N juicer, reamer (US), orange squeezer, lemon 

squeezer; jusosa ADJ juicy, succulent 

justa ADJ just, fair, equitable, reasonable, judicious; ADV 

justly, fairly; justable ADJ justifiable; justi VI VT justify, 

make fair, account for; justi de gera N casus belli; 

justia N justice, fairness, equity; nonjusta ADJ unjust, 

64 

unfair; nonjustable ADJ unjustifiable; nonjustia N 

injustice 

juta N jute (plant: genus Corchorus); hessian, burlap, 

sackcloth 

K /ka/ N K (letter) 

ka N name of letter K 

L /el/ N L (letter) 

la DET the 

K 

L 

labio N lip; labium; labial ADJ labial; labiali VI labialize; 

labio fendeda N harelip, cleft lip 

labiodental ADJ labiodental; N labiodental (consonant) 

labirinto N maze, labyrinth; labirintin ADJ labyrinthine 

labora VI work, toil; N work, labor (US), labour (Br), toil, 

effort; dia de labora N working day, work day, business 

day; labora de jardin N gardening; labora en curso N 

work in progress; labora sin sesa V work incessantly, 

toil; N toil; labora tro multe V work too much, be 

overworked; laboreria N workplace, laboratory, 

workshop, facility; laboreria sindicatida N closed shop; 

laboror N workman, laborer (US), labourer (Br), 

peasant; laboror con manos N manual laborer, bluecollar 

worker; laborosa ADJ laborious; oras de 

labora N working hours; semana de labora N working 

week, work week 

lace N footman, lackey, flunkey 

ladin ADJ N Ladin (language) 

lado N side, flank; a la otra lado ADV on the other hand; a 

lado ADV at the side, to the side, to one side, aside; a 

lado de beside, next to; a un lado ADV on the one hand; 

con lado a lado ADJ ADV side by side; ladal ADJ lateral, 

side; N lateral (consonant); ladal fasante ADJ sideways, 

sideways on 

lago N lake; lageta N pond, tarn, small lake (connected to 

other waters); lagon N lagoon 

laitsi N lychee (fruit, tree: species Litchi chinensis) 

lama N blade, razor, razor blade 

lambada N lambada (dance) 

lamda N lambda (Greek letter) 

lame N lamé 

lamenta VT lament, mourn, grieve; N lamentation, 

mourning, grief; elegy, dirge; lamentada ADJ lamented, 

mourned, late; lamentor N mourner; lamentosa ADJ 

mournful 

lamina N lamina, laminate; lamella, gill (mushroom); 

lamini VT laminate; N lamination

lampa N lamp, light, lantern; lampa de calce N limelight 

(literal); lampa de pox N flashlight (US), (electric) 

torch (Br); lampa de punto N spotlight; lampa 

inondante N floodlight; lampeta N firefly, lightning 

bug (insect: family Lampyridae) 

lampo N lightning, thunderbolt; lampi VI flash; 

lampin ADJ like lightning, breakneck 

lana N wool; de lana ADJ wool, woollen, woolly 

langobarda ADJ Langobardic, Lombardic; N Langobard, 

Lombard (Germanic tribe) 

langosta N spiny lobster, rock lobster (crustacean: family 

Palinuridae) 

langur N langur, leaf monkey (primate: subfamily 

Colobinae) 

lanio N shrike (bird: family Laniidae) 

lansa VT throw, toss, fling, sling, hurl, launch, cast; 

project (image, voice); N throw, throwing, toss, launch, 

cast; projection; lansa a mercato V launch onto the 

market, release, ship; lansa con dito V flick; lansa de 

borda N throw-in (football); lansa de fenetra V 

defenestrate, throw from a window; N defenestration; 

lansa un colpa a V swing at; lansada par roceto ADJ 

rocket-propelled; lansaflama (comp) N flamethrower; 

lansamisil (comp) N missile launcher; 

lansapetra (comp) N catapult; lansapetri V catapult 

lansia N spear, lance, javelin; lansi VT spear, lance, 

skewer, impale, gore; lansieta N skewer 

lantano N lanthanum (element) 

lardo N bacon 

larga ADJ wide, broad; largi VI widen, broaden; largia N 

width 

larinje N larynx 

larinjite N laryngitis 

larix N larch (tree: genus Larix) 

larma VT weep, shed tears, tear; N tear, teardrop 

larva N larva 

lasa VT leave (in a state); allow, let (happen); lasa cade V 

let fall, drop; lasa entra V admit, allow entry 

lasanie N lasagne 

laser N laser; laseri VT laser 

lasera VT tear, rend, rip; N tear, laceration; laserada ADJ 

torn, ripped, ragged, tattered 

lasiva ADJ lascivious, lewd, lustful, licentious, lecherous, 

salacious, lubricious, prurient 

laso N lasso, noose; lasi VT lasso 

lata N tinplate, sheet steel; laton N brass (alloy); lator N 

tinsmith 

latce N latke 

latex N latex 

latina ADJ N Latin (person, language); Latin American, 

Hispanic, Latina, Latino 

latitude N latitude; latitude de sielo N declination 

latolosa N lactolose 

latosa N lactose 

latrina N latrine (outside) 

Latvia N Latvia; latvisce ADJ N Latvian, Lettish (person, 

language) 

Lau N Laos; lau ADJ N Lao, Laotian (person, language) 

laurensio N lawrencium (element) 

lauro N laurel (tree: family Lauraceae); folia de lauro N 

bay leaf (from the bay laurel); lauro nobil N bay laurel 

(tree: species Laurus nobilis) 

lava VT wash; lava de serebro N brainwashing; lava la 

serebro V brainwash; lavador N washing machine (of 

any kind); lavaplato (comp) N dishwasher; 

lavaveste (comp) N washing machine (for clothes); 

laveria N laundry 

lava N lava 

lavabo N sink, washbasin, washstand, washbasin 

lavanda ADJ lavender (color); N lavender (color, flower: 

genus Lavandula) 

laxe ADJ loose, slack, baggy, lax; laxi VI loosen; laxia N 

looseness, slackness, bagginess 

le N lei 

leca VT lick, lap; N lick; lecabota (comp) N bootlicker 

(informal: sycophant); lecaculo (comp) N asskisser 

(US), arselicker (Br) (informal: sycophant) 

lega N league (measure) 

lega VT bequeath; N legacy, bequest 

legal ADJ legal, valid; ADV legally; deslegali V illegalize, 

delegitimize, outlaw; legali VI legalize; N legalization; 

nonlegal ADJ illegal, illicit, unlawful, illegitimate, 

invalid; nonlegalia N illegality, illegitimacy 

lege N law (including scientific); legal ADJ legal, forensic; 

legeria N legislature, legislative branch of government; 

legi VT legislate; N legislation; legiste N lawyer, 

barrister, attorney, solicitor; legiste de corte N barrister; 

legiste estra corte N solicitor; legiste jeneral N 

attorney general; par lege ADJ step- (relation); de jure 

legum N legume (vegetable of the family Fabaceae) 

leje VT read; N reading (act, interpretation of a text, figure 

measured); lejable ADJ readable, legible; lejablia N 

readability, legibility; lejador (de disco) N (disk) drive; 

lejemente (comp) N mindreader; lejor N reader; 

maleje V misread; N misreading; nonlejable N 

unreadable, illegible; nonlejablia N unreadableness, 

illegibility; sola lejable ADJ read-only (files or disks) 

lejenda N legend; lejendal ADJ legendary 

lejera ADJ light (weight, use), weightless; ADV lightly; 

lejeri VI lighten; alleviate, relieve, soothe; N relief; 

lejeria N lightness; lejeria completa N weightlessness, 

zero gravity; tro lejera ADJ underweight 

leming N lemming (mammal: tribe Lemmini) 

lemur N lemur (primate: clade Lemur) 

lenio N wood, timber; de lenio ADJ wooden; lenio de 

foco N firewood; lenio presada N particleboard (US), 

chipboard (Br); lenio stratida N plywood; lenior N 

woodcutter, lumberjack 

lenta ADJ slow; lingering; ADV slowly; lenti VI slow, slow 

down, decelerate; N deceleration 

lente N lens; lente de angulo larga N wide-angle lens; 

lente de grandi N magnifier, magnifying glass; lente 

65

de ojeto N object lens, objective lens; lente de 

regarda N eyepiece, ocular lens; lente de zuma N zoom 

lens; lente macro ADJ close-up lens, macro lens; lente 

macro de zuma N macro zoom lens; lenteta N contact 

lens 

lentil N lentil (plant, seed: species Lens culinaris); lentil 

brun N brown lentil; lentil roja N red lentil 

leon N lion (species Panthera leo); la Leon N Leo 

(constellation); la Leon Peti N Leo Minor 

(constellation); leon de mar N sea lion (mammal: 

family Otariidae); leon fema N lioness 

leopardo N leopard (mammal: species Panthera pardus) 

lepilemur N sportive lemur (primate: family 

Lepilemuridae) 

lepre N hare (mammal: genus Lepus); la Lepre N Lepus 


leprecan N leprechaun 

lepror N sight hound; lepror afgani N afghan hound; 

lepror engles N greyhound; lepror eres N irish 

wolfhound 

leprosa ADJ leprous; N leper; leprosia N leprosy 

lepton N lepton 

lesbian ADJ N lesbian 

leson N lesson, lecture; dona un leson V give a lesson, 

give a lecture; leson moral N moral lesson, moral (of a 

story); leson privata N tutorial, private lesson; 

lesonor N lecturer 

Lesoto N Lesotho; lesoto ADJ N Lesothan 

letarjia N lethargy, sluggishness, torpor, torpidity, 

listlessness, languor; letarjiosa ADJ lethargic, sluggish, 

listless, languorous 

lete N milk; dona lete V nurse (give milk from breast), 

breastfeed; lete bateda N milkshake; leteria N dairy; 

letor N milkman; prende lete V nurse (take milk from 

breast); prende lete de V milk (an animal) 

letera N letter (postal, alphabet); letera major N uppercase 

letter, capital letter; letera minor N lowercase letter, 

small letter; leteral ADJ literal; leteras N PL letters; 

script (style of writing); leteri VT letter, do lettering; 

leteri con mano N hand lettering 

leteratur N literature; leteratural ADJ literary 

leto N bed; leteta N cot, crib, cradle, small bed; leto 

ascondeda N murphy bed, trundle bed, wallbed; leto 

castelin N bunk bed; leto de acua N waterbed; leto de 

plumas N feather-bed; leto de sol N sunbed; leto 

estragrande N king-size bed; leto grande N queen-size 

bed; leto per du N double bed; leto per un N single 

bed; leto pliable N folding bed, cot; leto rolante N 

wheeled bed, hospital bed; letos jemelo N twin beds 

(two single beds); ordina la leto V make the bed 

letseburges ADJ N Luxembourgeois (language) 

letuga N lettuce (plant, leaves: genus Lactuca) 

leucemia N leukemia 

leucoplasto N leucoplast 

lev N lev (money) 

leva VI rise, lift, levitate, get up, arise; VT raise, lift, 

levitate, promote (in rank); N rise, levitation, promotion; 

66 

leva de luna N moonrise; leva de sol N sunrise, dawn, 

daybreak; leva de spalas N shrug; leva se spalas V 

shrug; releva VI rise again; VT re-raise, raise again 

lever N lever; lever de engrana N gearstick; leveri VT 

lever, pry; N leverage 

leviatan N leviathan (Biblical sea monster) 

lexem N lexeme 

lexicografia N lexicography; lexicografial ADJ 

lexicographical; lexicografiste N lexicographer 

lezardo N lizard (reptile: suborder Lacertilia, excluding 

snakes); la Lezardo N Lacerta (constellation) 

lfn ABBR (= Lingua Franca Nova) LFN 

lia VT tie, bind, strap, tether; connect, link, plug in; liaise; 

N link, bond, connection, ligation, linkage; liaison; 

covenant; garter (US), suspender (Br); alloy; 

deslia /deslía/ V untie, disconnect, unplug; lia a tera V 

ground (US), earth (Br) (an electrical device); lia con 

filo N wired connection; lia la gamas de V bind the legs 

of, hobble; lia sin filo N wireless connection; liador N 

plug (electrical); liante ADJ connecting, connective; 

nonliada ADJ unconnected, disjointed 

liama N llama (mammal: species Lama glama) 

liana N liana (plant: various woody vines) 

libelula N dragonfly, damselfly (order Odonata) 

Liberia N Liberia; liberian ADJ N Liberian 

Libia N Libya; libi ADJ N Libyan 

libido N libido, sex drive, lust; libidosa ADJ libidinal, 

libidinous, lusty 

libra N pound (measure of weight) 

libre ADJ free, at liberty; freelance; libri VI free, liberate, 

release, emancipate, unleash; N liberation, 

emancipation; libria N freedom, liberty; libria de 

jornalisme N freedom of the press; libria limitada N 

parole; librisme N liberalism; libriste ADJ liberal, 

laissez-faire; N liberal; libror N liberator 

libro N book; libreria N bookshop; libreta N booklet, 

pamphlet; libreta de xeces N check book (US), cheque 

book (Br); libro anial N yearbook, annual; libro de 

aprende N textbook; libro de contas N ledger; libro de 

cuoro N leather-bound book; libro de fato N non-fiction 

book; libro de imajina N fiction book; libro de notas N 

notebook; libro de pox N paperback, softback, 

pocketbook; libro de pratica N exercise book; libro 

nonvendeda N remaindered book; libro reliada N 

hardback, hardcover; libro rolada N scroll; libron N 

tome 

libromanica ADJ N book fanatic, bookworm 

licen N lichen (fungus: member of order Ascomycota or 

order Basidiomycota with symbiotic photosynthetic 

partner) 

liciris N licorice (US), liquorice (Br) (candy; root, plant: 

species Glycyrrhiza glabra) 

licopodio N clubmoss (plant: family Lycopodiaceae) 

Lictenstain N Liechtenstein; lictenstaines ADJ N 

Liechtenstein 

licuida ADJ liquid, fluid; liquid (assets); N liquid, fluid; 

licuidi VI liquefy, liquidize; liquidate; N liquidation

Lidia N Lydia 

Lietuva N Lithuania; lietuvisce ADJ N Lithuanian (person, 

language) 

ligamento N ligament, sinew 

lignito N lignite, brown coal 

ligurian ADJ N Ligurian 

ligustro N privet (plant: genus Ligustrum) 

lil N lily (plant: genus Lilium); lil de neva N snowdrop 

(plant: genus Galanthus) 

lila ADJ lilac (color); N lilac (color, plant: genus Syringa) 

lima N file (tool for smoothing); limi VT file 

limasa N slug (mollusc: shell-less members of the class 

Gastropoda) 

limbica ADJ limbic (brain) 

limbo N limbo (religion, dance) 

limeric N limerick 

limfa N lymph 

limfoblasto N lymphoblast 

limfoide ADJ lymphoid 

limfoma N lymphoma 

limfoma de Hodgkin N Hodgkin's lymphoma 

limfopoiese N lymphopoiesis 

limfosite N lymphocyte, white blood cell; limfosite B N 

B-cell; limfosite NK N natural killer cell; limfosite T N 

T-cell 

limita VT limit, delimit; N limit, boundary, frontier, 

delimitation, threshold; limita de tempo N deadline, 

time limit; limitada ADJ limited, finite, bounded; 

limital ADJ borderline (just on the edge; personality 

disorder); nonlimitada ADJ unlimited, infinite, 

boundless, unbounded, countless, innumerable; pone 

un limita V impose a limit, draw the line; sin limita ADJ 

unlimited, infinite, boundless, unbounded, countless, 

innumerable 

limon N lemon (fruit, tree: species Citrus × limon); limon 

dulse N lime (fruit, tree); limonin ADJ lemony, 

lemonlike; limonosa ADJ lemony (containing lemon) 

limonada N lemonade 

limpa ADJ clean; limpi VI (become) clean; VT clean, clean 

up, wipe; mop; sweep (chimney); limpi etnical N ethnic 

cleansing; limpia N cleanliness; limpibota (comp) N 

bootblack; limpida ADJ cleaned; limpor N cleaner 

(person) 

lince N lynx (mammal: genus Lynx); la Lince N Lynx 


lineta N linnet, twite (bird: genus Linaria) 

linga N linga, lingam 

lingon N lingonberry (fruit, plant: species Vaccinium vitisidaea) 

lingua N tongue; language, speech (ability); interlingua N 

international language; Interlingua; lingua aidante N 

auxiliary language; lingua construida N constructed 

language, conlang; lingua de asembla N assembly 

language (software); Lingua de Eticetas per 

Ipertesto N HyperText Markup Language (HTML); 

lingua desiniada N planned language, artificial 

language; lingua franca nova N Lingua Franca Nova; 

lingua propre N native language, native tongue, mother 

tongue; lingual ADJ linguistic, of language; lingual, of 

the tongue; linguiste N linguist; linguistica N 

linguistics 

linguaje N language (style), wording 

linguine N linguine 

linia N line, row; lini VT line (make lines on); linia de 

familia N family line, line of descent, bloodline, 

pedigree; linia de neva N snowline; linia de sangue N 

bloodline, pedigree; linial ADJ linear; linida ADJ lined 

(marked with lines); nonlinial ADJ nonlinear; sulini V 

underline, underscore; N underlining; underscore 

(character) 

linioio N eyeliner 

lino N flax, linseed (plant: species Linum usitatissimum); 

linen; olio de lino N linseed oil; pasta de lino N putty; 

seme de lino N linseed 

lintel N lintel 

linxa VT lynch; N lynching 

liones ADJ N Leonese 

lipido ADJ N lipid 

liposuca N liposuction 

lira N lyre; la Lira N Lyra (constellation) 

lirica ADJ lyrical, lyric (poetry; emotionally expressive; 

pertaining to opera) 

liriodendro N tulip tree (tree: genus Liriodendron) 

liron N dormouse (mammal: family Gliridae) 

lisa ADJ smooth, sleek; lisador N sander; lisador de 

banda N belt sander; lisi VI smoothe, streamline; sand 

(wood) 

lisca VI slide, slip, glide; VT slide, slip, push; N slip, glide; 

lisca de tera N landslide, landslip; lisca e pone V drag 

and drop (software); liscador N slider; hovercraft; 

liscasapato N shoehorn; lisceta V slip, goof; N glitch, 

slip, goof; liscor N flying possum, glider (mammal: 

genus Petaurus); liscosa ADJ slippery; liscosia N 

slipperiness 

lisensa VT license; N license (US), licence (Br) 

liseo N high school, secondary school, lycee 

lisosoma N lisosome 

lista VT list; N list; lista cadente N drop-down list; lista 

de benes N inventory; lista de contenidas N packing 

slip, (ship's) manifest; lista de desiradas N wish list; 

lista de sertis N checklist; lista de susedes N charts 

(music), hit parade; lista negra N blacklist; pone en 

lista negra V blacklist 

litiga VT litigate, procede (legally), sue; N litigation, 

procedure (legal), suit (legal); litigor N litigator; 

litigosa ADJ litigious 

litio N lithium (element) 

litografia N lithography; litografi VT lithograph; N 

lithograph 

litosfera N lithosphere, mantle (of planet) 

litotrof ADJ lithotrophic; N lithotroph; litotrofia N 

lithotrophia 

67

litre N liter (US), litre (Br); cilolitre N kiloliter (US), 

kilolitre (Br); decalitre N decaliter (US), decalitre (Br); 

desilitre N deciliter (US), decilitre (Br); ectolitre N 

hectoliter (US), hectolitre (Br); mililitre N milliliter 

(US), millilitre (Br); sentilitre N centiliter (US), 

centilitre (Br) 

liturjia N liturgy 

lo PRON it; lo de me PRON mine; lo de tu PRON yours 

lobe N lobe; lobe de orea N ear lobe 

loca VT locate, place, site; N place, location, spot, site; a 

no loca ADV nowhere; a no otra loca ADV nowhere 

else; a un otra loca ADV somewhere else; desloca V 

dislocate, displace, offset, shift; N dislocation; desloca 

blu N blue shift; desloca roja N red shift; 

deslocada ADJ dislocated, displaced; en loca (de la 

otra) ADV instead; en loca de PREP instead of, in place 

of, rather than; loca de nase N birthplace; loca de 

note N nightclub, night spot; loca de orienta N 

landmark (for navigation); loca de ueb N website; 

local ADJ local; locali VI localize; N localization; popla 

local N local people, local population, locals; reloca V 

move, relocate; translate (geometry); N move, 

relocation; translation (geometry) 

locativa ADJ N locative (grammar) 

locomotiva N locomotive, engine (train); locomotiva de 

vapor N steam locomotive; locomotivor N engine 

driver, train engineer 

locusta N locust, grasshopper (insect: suborder 

Caelifera); locusta solitar N grasshopper (other than 

locusts); locusta xamante N locust (insect: superfamily 

Acridoidea) 

loda VT praise, laud, compliment, congratulate, glorify; N 

praise, kudos, compliment, congratulation, glory; con 

loda masima summa cum laude; loda duple V praise 

twice, give two thumbs up to; lodable ADJ laudable, 

praiseworthy; lodas INTERJ congratulations, 

compliments 

logaritmo N logarithm; logaritmal ADJ logarithmic 

logo N logo, emblem 

logofil N logophile, lover of words; logofilia N logophilia 

logudores ADJ N Logudorese 

lojica N logic; es lojical V make sense; lojical ADJ logical 

lojistica N logistics; lojistical ADJ logistical 

lolio N darnel (plant: genus Lolium) 

lombard ADJ N Lombard (Italian dialect) 

lombo N loins, lower back; lombal ADJ lumbar 

lomen N lo mein 

lona N canvas (material); de lona ADJ canvas 

longa ADJ long (space, duration); ADV long, for a long 

time, for a long way; longi VI lengthen, prolong, 

elongate; N prolongation, elongation; longia N length, 

duration 

longo PREP along; up, down (along) 

lonjitude N longitude; lonjitude de sielo N right ascension 

lori N lory, lorikeet (bird: subfamily Loriinae) 

loris N loris (primate: subfamily Lorisinae) 

los PRON they; them; los de me PRON PL mine; los de 

68 

tu PRON PL yours 

losa N earthenware; de losa ADJ earthenware 

losion N lotion 

loto N bingo, lotto, lottery 

loxia N crossbill (bird: genus Loxia) 

LSD N LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) 

lua VT rent, hire, lease, let (make use of in return for 

payment); N rent; fa lua V rent out, hire out (allow use 

of in return for payment); luor N renter, tenant 

luau N luau 

Lubnan N Lebanon; lubnani ADJ N Lebanese 

lubrica VT lubricate; N lubrication; lubricante ADJ 

lubricating; N lubricant 

lufa N luffa, loofah (sponge, plant: genus Luffa) 

lumen N lumen (measure) 

lumina VT illuminate, light, enlighten, brighten, highlight; 

N illumination (act, result), highlight; enlightenment; 

Lumina N Enlightenment; lumina fondal N backlight, 

backlighting; lumina ultravioleta N black light; 

luminada ADJ illuminated, lit; luminada de luna ADJ 

moonlit; luminada de sol ADJ sunlit; luminosa ADJ 

luminous 

luna N moon; luna de miel N honeymoon; luna oscur N 

new moon; luna plen N full moon; luneta N small 

moon, natural satellite 

lundi N Monday (day of week) 

lupa N loup, magnifier, magnifying glass 

lupin N lupin (plant: genus Lupinus) 

lupo N wolf (mammal: species Canis lupus); la Lupo N 

Lupus (constellation) 

lupulo N hops (used to make beer; plant: species Humulus 

lupulus) 

lupus N lupus 

lus N light (photons); lus clar de dia N clear light of day, 

broad daylight; lus de dia N daylight; daytime, day (as 

opposed to night); lus final N dusk, twilight (evening); 

lus prima N dawn, twilight (morning); lus refletada N 

reflected light, glare 

lusio N pike (fish: genus Esox) 

luso N luxury; estrema lusosa ADJ high-end; N high end; 

lusosa ADJ luxurious, sensuous, opulent 

luta VI wrestle, grapple, struggle, contend; falter; N 

struggle, altercation, contention; lutor N wrestler, fighter 

lutefisc N lutefisk 

luteran ADJ N Lutheran; luteranisme N Lutheranism 

lutesio N lutetium (element) 

luto N lute; lutiste N lutist, lute player 

lutra N otter (mammal: subfamily Lutrinae) 

lux N lux (measure) 

Luxemburg N Luxemburg; luxemburges ADJ N 

Luxemburguese

M /em/ N M (letter) 

ma CONJ but, whereas, while 

M 

maa INTERJ baa (sheep, goat) 

macabre ADJ macabre, grim, ghoulish, ghastly, grisly, 

gruesome 

macaca N macaque (primate: genus Macaca) 

macadamia N macadamia (nut, plant: genus Macadamia) 

Macau N Macao; macau ADJ N Macanese 

Macedonia N Macedonia; macedonsce ADJ Macedonian 

(modern) (person) 

macero N mackerel (fish: family Scombridae, family 

Carangidae) 

macia VT make up (apply cosmetics to); N make-up, 

cosmetics 

macina N machine, mechanism; macina de soma N 

adding machine; macina de tempo N time machine; 

macina de vapor N steam engine; macinal ADJ 

mechanical, clockwork; macinas N PL machines, 

machinery; macineta N device, gadget, contraption; 

macini VT mechanize; maciniste N mechanic, 

machinist 

macrame N macrame 

macro ADJ close-up; N close-up; macro (software) 

macrocosmo N macrocosm 

macrofago N macrophage 

Madagasicara N Madagascar; malagasi ADJ N Malagasy 


madalena N madeleine (French cookie) 

madjong N mahjong 

madre N mother; madral ADJ maternal; maternity (leave, 

dress); madre de batiza N godmother; madre e 

padre N mother and father, parents; madre futur ADJ 

mother-to-be; madre par lege N stepmother; madre par 

sposi N mother-in-law; madre sin sposo N single 

mother; madria N motherhood, maternity; madrin ADJ 

motherly; N mother figure, godmother; madron N 

matriarch 

mafia N mafia 

Magiar N Hungary; magiar ADJ N Hungarian (person, 

language) 

magma N magma 

magnesio N magnesium (element) 

magnete N magnet; magnetal ADJ magnetic; magnetia N 

magnetism 

magnolia N magnolia (plant: genus Magnolia) 

magra ADJ thin, slim, slender, lean, skinny, fine, meager 

(US), meagre (Br); magri VI thin, emaciate; VT thin, 

constrict; N thinning, emaciation, constriction; magria N 

thinness, slimness, slenderness 

Magrib N Morocco (also Maroco); magribi ADJ N 

Moroccan 

mahaiana ADJ Mahayana 

mahimahi N mahi-mahi, dolphin fish (fish: species 

Coryphaena hippurus) 

Mahore N Mahore; mahores ADJ N Mahoran 

maia ADJ N Mayan (person, language) 

maio N May (month) 

maiones N mayonnaise 

maior N mayor; maioral ADJ mayoral 

mais N corn, maize (plant, seeds: species Zea mays) 

maitili ADJ N Maithili (language) 

majenta ADJ N magenta (color) 

majia N magic, sorcery; majia de mano N sleight of hand, 

prestidigitation; majial ADJ magic (to do with magic); 

majiosa ADJ magic, magical (operating by magic); 

majiste N magician 

major ADJ major; great; senior, the elder (in names); N 

major (officer); majoria N majority 

majoran N marjoram (plant: species Origanum majorana) 

mal ADJ bad, invalid, wrong; ADV badly, wrongly; fa 

mal V do wrong; N wrongdoing, bad deed; mali VI 

become bad, become corrupt; become worse, 

degenerate, deteriorate, spoil; VT make bad, corrupt; 

make worse, exacerbate; N worsening, degeneration, 

deterioration, corruption, exacerbation; malia N evil; 

malida ADJ deteriorated, corrupt, degenerate, spoiled 

(food); plu mal ADJ worse; ADV worse 

mal- PREF mis-, bad-, ill- [added to a verb: perform the 

action in a bad, often specialized, way (malodori; 

maldise)] 

malada ADJ sick, ill; malada de ama ADJ lovelorn, 

lovesick; maladi VI sicken, become sick, fall ill; VT 

make ill; maladia N disease, illness, sickness; maladia 

de altia N altitude sickness; maladia de 

descompresa N decompression sickness, the bends; 

maladia de dormi N trypanosomiasis, sleeping 

sickness; maladia de mar N seasickness 

malaialam ADJ N Malayalam (language) 

Malaisia N Malaysia; malaisian ADJ N Malaysian (of or 

from Malaysia); melaiu ADJ N Malay (person, 

language) 

malaria N malaria 

Malaui N Malawi; malaui ADJ N Malawian 

Maldives N Maldives (also Divehi) 

Mali N Mali; malian ADJ N Malian 

Malta N Malta; malti ADJ N Maltese (person, language) 

malta N malt; malti VT malt 

maltosa N maltose 

maluro N Australian wren (bird: family Maluridae) 

malva N mallow (plant: genus Malva) 

malva ADJ N mauve (color) 

mama N mom (US), mum (Br), mommy (US), mummy 

(Br), mama (informal: mother) 

mamal N mammal (class: Mammalia) 

mamela N udder, mammary gland; boob, tit (informal: 

breast); a mamela ADJ suckling (animals) 

mamute N mammoth (mammal: genus Mammuthus) 

manada N herd, drove, pack (of wolves), pride (of lions), 

69

mob (of monkeys, of people), gaggle (of geese), horde 

(of barbarians), flock (of birds), school (of fish), pod (of 

whales), swarm (of insects); rabble, riffraff, hoi polloi; 

manadi VI flock 

manati N manatee, sea cow (mammal: genus Trichechus) 

manca VI be missing, be wanting, be lacking, fall short; N 

lack, deficiency, insufficiency, dearth, scarcity, deficit, 

shortage, shortfall; mancante ADJ missing, wanting, 

lacking, scarce, scant, meager (US), meagre (Br), 

sparse; un rota manca de la auto a wheel is missing 

from the car, the car lacks a wheel; un rota mancante N 

a missing wheel 

mandala N mandala 

mandarin N mandarin (Chinese official); zebra finch 

(bird: species Taeniopygia guttata) 

mandarina N mandarin (orange), mandarine, tangerine 

(fruit: species Citrus reticulata); mandarino N 

mandarin tree, tangerine tree (tree: species Citrus 

reticulata) 

mandibula N jaw, mandible 

mandinca ADJ N Mandinka (person, language) 

Mandju N Manchuria 

mandolin N mandolin 

mandragora N mandrake (plant: genus Mandragora) 

maneja VT manage, handle (tool), operate (machinery), 

run (organization), administer, administrate; cope with; 

malmaneja V mismanage, mishandle; maneja de 

casa N housekeeping; maneja de varias N version 

control, revision control; manejador de varias N 

version control system, revision control system; 

manejal ADJ administrative; manejor N manager, 

administrator, steward; manejor de casa N 

housekeeper; manejor de servores N butler 

manera N manner, way of behaving; de bon maneras ADJ 

well-mannered; de mal maneras ADJ ill-mannered, 

uncouth 

manga N sleeve; cuff (for measuring blood pressure); 

mangeta N hose, hosepipe, flexible tube; mangeti VT 

hose; sin manga ADJ sleeveless 

manga N manga 

manganes N manganese (element) 

mango N mango (fruit, tree: genus Mangifera) 

mangoste N mongoose (mammal: family Herpestidae) 

Mani N Mani; manisme N manicheanism (US), 

manichaeanism (Br); maniste ADJ N manichean (US), 

manichaean (Br) 

mania N mania, addiction; manica ADJ manic, maniacal, 

fanatical; ADV manically, maniacally, fanatically; N 

maniac, fanatic; addict; geek, nerd (informal) 

manicin N mannequin (body model); manakin (bird: 

family Pipridae); mannikin (bird: genus Lonchura) 

manico N handle (for holding), hilt; manico de porte N 

door handle, doorknob 

manipula VT manipulate; N manipulation 

manivel N crank; maniveli VT crank 

mano N hand; handful; con mano destra ADV righthanded; 

con mano en mano ADJ ADV hand in hand; 

70 

con mano sinistra ADV left-handed; con manos 

libre ADV hands free; de mano destra ADJ righthanded; 

de mano sinistra ADJ left-handed; fada par 

mano ADJ made by hand, handmade; labora con 

manos N manual work; mano plen N handful; par 

mano ADJ by hand, manual 

manobra VT N maneuver (US), manoeuvre (Br) 

manometre N manometer 

manoscrito N manuscript 

manteni VT maintain (keep in the same state), keep, 

preserve, monitor; N maintenance, preservation; 

mantenor N janitor, caretaker, maintenance man, 

maintenance woman 

manticor N manticore (imaginary creature) 

mantis N mantis (insect: order Mantodea) 

mantra N mantra 

manual N handbook, manual, reference book, guide, 

guidebook; manual de instrui N training manual, 

instruction book; manual prima N primer, basic guide 

manxa VT stain, blemish, blot, mar, tarnish; smudge, 

smear; N stain, blemish, blot; smudge, smear; marking 

(animals, plants); manxa frotada N smudge; 

manxeta N speckle; sin manxa ADJ unmarked, 

unblemished, pristine 

maori ADJ N Maori (person, language) 

mapa VT map; N map, mapping; mapa de releva N relief 

map 

mar N sea, ocean; a mar ADJ at sea, offshore; mar alta N 

high seas, main (nautical); maral ADJ marine, oceanic; 

su mar ADJ submarine, undersea; ADV under the sea 

marabu N marabou (bird: species Leptoptilos 

crumeniferus) 

marabut N marabout (Islamic teacher) 

maraca N maraca 

marania VT entangle, matt; N thicket, tangle, mess; 

desmarania V disentangle; maraniada ADJ tangled, 

matted; maraniada en trafica ADJ stuck in traffic 

maranta N arrowroot (plant: species Maranta 

arundinacea) 

marascino N maraschino 

marati ADJ N Marathi (language) 

maraton N marathon 

marca VT mark, stamp, characterize; select (software); N 

mark, stamp, brand (commercial), characterization; 

marking (animals, plants); desmarca V unmark, 

deselect (software); marca comersial N trademark; 

marcador N marker, stamp 

marci N marquess, marquis; marcesa N marchioness, 

marquise; marcia N march (domain of a marquis) 

marea N tide; marea alta N high tide; marea basa N low 

tide 

marea VI become dizzy; VT make dizzy; mareada ADJ 

dizzy, giddy; mareante ADJ dizzying 

marexal N marshal (officer) 

margarina N margarine 

margarita N daisy (plant: genus Bellis); margarita (drink)

marieta N ladybug, ladybird, lady beetle (insect: family 

Coccinellidae) 

marimba N marimba 

marin ADJ sea-like; N brine, salty water; marini VT 

marinade in brine, marinate in brine, pickle; 

marinida ADJ marinaded, marinated, pickled, brined 

marina N navy, fleet, armada; marineta N flotilla; 

marinor N sailor, seaman, marine 

marinara N marinara 

marioneta N marionette; marionetor N marionette artist 

mariuana N marijuana (drug, from plant: species 

Cannabis sativa) 

marjin N margin; marjinal ADJ marginal; ADV marginally; 

marjini VT marginalize; N marginalization 

marmelada N marmalade 

marmo N marble; de marmo ADJ marble 

Maroco N Morocco (also Magrib); marocan ADJ N 

Moroccan 

marsupio N marsupium, pouch (of marsupial animal); 

marsupial ADJ N marsupial (mammal: infraclass 

Marsupialia) 

Marte N Mars (planet, mythology); martan ADJ N martian 

martedi N Tuesday (day of week) 

martel N hammer, mallet; malleus (anatomy); martel de 

aira N pneumatic drill; marteli VT hammer 

martes N marten (mammal: genus Martes) 

martin N martin (bird: family Hirundinidae) 

Martinic N Martinique; martinices ADJ N Martiniquan 

martir N martyr; martiri VI VT martyr; martiria N 

martyrdom 

marto N March (month) 

Marx N Marx; marxisme N Marxism; marxiste N Marxist 

marxa VI march; N march; marxa funeral N funeral march 

mas ADJ N male; desmasi VI VT emasculate; N 

emasculation; masin ADJ masculine; masinia N 

masculinity 

masa N mass, lump, clot, clod, blob, shapeless piece; mass 

(physics); masi VI form lumps, clot up; masosa ADJ 

massive, bulky, unwieldy, cumbersome 

masacra VT massacre, slaughter; N massacre, slaughter 

masai ADJ N Maasai (person, language) 

masaje VT massage; N massage; masajor N masseur, 

masseuse 

masca N mask, face mask; masca medical N medical 

mask, face mask; masci VT mask 

mascita N mosque 

mascote N mascot 

masima ADJ maximum, maximal, most; N maximum, 

most; a masima ADV at most; masimi VI VT maximize, 

optimize; maximization, optimization 

masociste ADJ masochistic; N masochist; masocisme N 

masochism 

mastica VT chew, munch; remastica V ruminate, chew 

cud 

mastin N mastiff (dog breed) 

masto N mast 

mastodon N mastodon (mammal: genus Mammut) 

mastoide ADJ mastoid; N mastoid process (anatomy) 

mastosite N mast cell, mastocyte 

masturba VT masturbate; N masturbation 

mata VT kill, exterminate, execute, slaughter; N killing, 

extermination, execution, slaughter; mata la debiles V 

cull; mata sin intende V N manslaughter; mataderia N 

abattoir, slaughterhouse; matador N killing machine; 

matajoia (comp) N killjoy, spoilsport, wet blanket; 

matante ADJ deadly, fatal, mortal; ADV mortally; matas 

per retalia N PL tit-for-tat killings; mator N killer; 

mator en serie N serial killer 

matador N matador, main bullfighter 

mate ADJ matte, matt 

matematica N mathematics; matematical ADJ 

mathematical; matematiciste N mathematician 

materas N mattress 

materia N matter, substance, material, stuff; antimateria N 

antimatter; desmateri V dematerialize; N 

dematerialization; materi VI VT materialize; N 

materialization; material ADJ material; materialisme N 

materialism; materialiste ADJ N materialist; materias 

de scrive N stationery 

matina N morning; a esta matina ADV this morning; a 

matina ADV in the morning; a matina doman ADV 

tomorrow morning; a matina ier ADV yesterday 

morning; a matina oji ADV this morning; matini VI 

become day, become morning; N dawn, daybreak 

matriarcia N matriarchy 

matrioxca N matryoshka (Russian nested doll) 

matris N matrix (mathematical), two-dimensional array 

matriside VI commit matricide; N matricide (act); 

matrisidor N matricide (person) 

matur ADJ mature, ripe, adult; aged (whiskey, cheese); 

maturi VI mature, ripen, grow up; maturia N maturity; 

nonmatur ADJ immature; prematur ADJ premature; 

temprana matur ADJ precocious 

maurian ADJ N Mauryan 

Mauris N Mauritius; maurisian ADJ N Mauritian 

mausoleo N mausoleum 

max N match, game (sporting encounter) 

maxa VT mash, crush, pulp, squash; maxador N masher, 

crusher, pulper; maxador de patata N potato masher 

maxete N machete 

maxia N messiah; maxial ADJ messianic 

maxo ADJ macho 

mazaua ADJ N Mazahua (person, language) 

mazurca N mazurka (dance) 

me PRON I; me; DET my; la me N the self (psychology) 

meato N meatus (anatomy) 

mecanica N mechanics (science); mecanica cuantal N 

quantum mechanics; mecanica de sielo N celestial 

mechanics; mecanicisme N mechanism (science, 

71

philosophy); mecaniciste ADJ mechanistic; N mechanist 

mecotero N scorpion fly (insect: order Mecoptera) 

medalia N medal; medalion N medallion 

Media N Media 

media- PREF mid-, middle [added to a noun denoting a 

period or range: midpoint (mediadia)] 

media ADJ middle, middling, medium, intermediate; N 

middle, center (US), centre (Br), median, halfway point; 

a media de PREP in the middle of; posmedia N 

afternoon 

medica N medicine (profession); medical ADJ medical; 

mediciste N medic, physician; mediciste abitante N 

resident (medical); mediciste comensante N intern 

(medical) 

medieval ADJ medieval 

medio N means (to an end), measure; medium 

(transmission); medios N PL media (transmission; mass 

communications); medios fluente N PL streaming 

media; medios publica N PL mass media; medios 

sever N PL austerity measures 

mediocre ADJ mediocre, ordinary, average, middling, 

uninspired, undistinguished, indifferent, unexceptional, 

unexciting, unremarkable, run-of-the-mill, pedestrian, 

prosaic, lackluster (US), lacklustre (Br), forgettable; 

mediocria N mediocrity 

medisin N medicine (drugs), medication; medisin de 

fertilia N fertility drug; medisinal ADJ medicinal 

medita VI meditate; N meditation 

mediteraneo ADJ Mediterranean; Mar Mediteraneo N 

Mediterranean 

medula N marrow, medulla, pith (anatomy); medula de 

oso N bone marrow; medula spinal N spinal cord 

medusa N jellyfish, medusa (Cnideria: subphylum 

Medusozoa) 

mega- PREF mega- [× 10^6] 

megafon N megaphone, bullhorn, loudhailer 

megatero N humpback whale (mammal: Megaptera 

novaeangliae) 

meitnerio N meitnerium (element) 

melancolia N melancholy, melancholia; melancolica ADJ 

melancholy, melancholic, melancholiac; N melancholiac 

melanin N melanin 

melanoma N melanoma 

melanose N melanosis 

melanosite N melanocyte 

melasa N molasses (US), treacle (Br); melasa oro N 

golden syrup; melasin ADJ treacly 

melatonina N melatonin 

melma N slime, scum, gunge, goo; melmi VT slime, 

gunge; melmosa ADJ slimy, scummy, gooey 

melodia N melody, tune; melodiosa ADJ melodious, 

melodic, tuneful 

melon N melon (fruit, plant: genus Cucumis); melon de 

acua N watermelon (fruit, plant: species Citrullus 

lanatus) 

72 

melonjena N aubergine, eggplant (fruit, plant: species 

Solanum melongena) 

membrana N membrane; membrana mucosa N mucous 

membrane 

membro N member (of group), fellow (of a society); limb 

(arm or leg); membro de parlamento N member of 

parliament, MP 

memoria N memory (as a capacity; including computer); 

de memoria N from memory (without notes), by rote; 

memorable ADJ memorable; memori VT memorize, 

remember, commit to memory; N memorization; 

memoria aidante N cache, cache memory (computer); 

memoria de dura corta N short-term memory, STM; 

memoria de dura longa N long-term memory, LTM; 

memoria de state solida N solid-state drive; memoria 

flax N flash memory; memoria sensal N sensory 

memory, very-short-term memory, VSTM 

menasa VT threaten, menace, intimidate, loom; N threat, 

menace, intimidation; el menasa me con colpa he 

threatens to hit me; menasante ADJ threatening, 

ominous, forbidding 

mendelevio N mendelevium (element) 

mendica VT beg, solicit; N begging, solicitation; 

mendicor N beggar 

meninje N meninge 

meninjite N meningitis 

menir N menhir 

menisco N meniscus 

menonita ADJ N Mennonite; menonitisme N 

Mennonitism 

menopausa N menopause 

mense N month; mensal ADJ monthly; per mense ADV 

per month, a month 

menstrua N menstruation, period; menstrui VT 

menstruate 

menta N mint (plant: genus Mentha); mentin ADJ minty 

mente N mind; de la mesma mente ADJ like-minded; 

mental ADJ mental 

menti VT lie (tell a lie); N lie; mentinte ADJ lying, 

untruthful, mendacious; mentor N liar 

mento N chin 

mentol N menthol 

menu N menu; menu cadente N drop-down menu; menu 

cascadente N cascading menu 

menur N lyrebird (bird: genus Menura) 

mera ADJ mere; ADV merely, just, not much more than 

mercato N market (place, concept); mercato de pulgas N 

flea market; mercato otimiste N bull market; mercato 

pesimiste N bear market; mercator N merchant, market 

trader; supramercato N supermarket 

mercurdi N Wednesday (day of week) 

Mercurio N Mercury (mythology, planet); mercurio N 

mercury (element), quicksilver 

merda N shit (informal: dung); merdi VT shit (informal: 

defecate) 

meringa N meringue (food); merengue (dance)

merita VT deserve, merit, be worthy of, warrant, be due, 

be owed, be entitled to; N merit, worth; cual merita la 

labora ADJ worthwhile, worth the effort, worth the 

trouble 

merlan N whiting (fish: species Merlangius merlangus) 

merlo N blackbird (bird: species Turdus merula) 

merlon N merlon, crenellation, castellation, embattlement; 

merlonin ADJ crenellated, castellated 

merlusa N hake (fish: genus Merluccius) 

mersenario N mercenary 

mertensia N bluebell (plant: genus Mertensia) 

mervelia VI marvel, wonder, be astonished; N marvel, 

miracle; merveliosa ADJ marvelous (US), marvellous 

(Br), awe-inspiring, majestic, magnificent, glorious, 

superb, wonderful, splendid, sublime 

mesaje N message; envia de mesajes pronto N instant 

messaging; envia de mesajetas N texting; mesaje 

pronto N instant message; mesajeta N text message, 

text, SMS; mesajor N messenger, courier 

mescal N mescal 

mescalina N mescaline 

mescite N mesquite (plant: genus Prosopis) 

mesma DET same, identical [usually in the form “la 

mesma”]; en la mesma modo ADV in the same way; la 

mesma per cadun one size fits all 

mesma ADV -self (emphatic; directly follows a pronoun 

or noun phrase); la otras de me mesma N my other 

selves; la re mesma N the king himself; me 

mesma PRON (I) myself (emphatic); me mesma plu 

joven my younger self; nos mesma PRON (we) 

ourselves (emphatic); par sola se mesma ADV singlehandedly; 

se mesma PRON (he) himself, (she) herself, 

(it) itself, (they) themselves (emphatic); tu 

mesma PRON (you) yourself (emphatic); vos 

mesma PRON (you) yourselves (emphatic) 

Mesoamerica N Mesoamerica 

mesolitica ADJ N Mesolithic 

meson N meson 

Mesopotamia N Mesopotamia 

mesosoma N mesosome 

mesozoica ADJ N mesozoic 

mestre N teacher, master (of skill); mestresa N mistress 

(historical); mestri VT master (skill) 

mesura VT measure; N measure, measurement, dimension; 

bar (music); mesuras N PL measurements, dimensions 

metaboli VI VT metabolize; N metabolism 

metacarpo N metacarpus; metacarpal ADJ metacarpal 

metadatos N PL metadata 

metafisica N metaphysics; metafisical ADJ metaphysical; 

metafisiciste N metaphysician 

metafor ADJ metaphorical, metaphoric; N metaphor 

metal N metal; de metal ADJ metal, made of metal; metal 

resiclable N scrap, scrap metal; metalin ADJ metallic 

(in appearance or utility) 

metalurjia N metallurgy; metalurjial ADJ metallurgical; 

metalurjiste N metallurgist 

metano N methane 

metastase N metastasis 

metatarso N metatarsus; metatarsal ADJ metatarsal 

meteor N meteor; meteorin ADJ meteoric 

meteorite N meteorite 

meteorolojia N meteorology; meteorolojial ADJ 

meteorological; ADV meteorologically; 

meteorolojiste N meteorologist 

metodo N method, manner, way (of proceeding), 

technique, means; metodisme N Methodism; 

metodiste ADJ N Methodist; metodosa ADJ methodical; 

par se metodo propre ADV on one's own terms 

metodolojia N methodology 

metonim ADJ metonym; metonimia N metonymy 

metre N meter (US), metre (Br) (measure of length; 

poetry); cilometre N kilometer (US), kilometre (Br); 

cilometres N PL mileage (distance traveled); 

decametre N decameter (US), decametre (Br); 

desimetre N decimeter (US), decimetre (Br); 

ectometre N hectometer (US), hectometre (Br); 

metral ADJ metric; micrometre N micrometer (US), 

micrometre (Br) (measure); micrometer (device); 

milimetre N millimeter (US), millimetre (Br); 

sentimetre N centimeter (US), centimetre (Br) 

metro N subway, underground (railroad) 

metronomo N metronome 

mexa N lock (of hair), tuft; wick; fuse (of bomb) 

Mexico N Mexico; mexican ADJ N Mexican 

Miama N Myanmar, Burma; miama ADJ Burmese (person, 

language) 

miastenia N myasthenia 

miau INTERJ miaow, meow (cat) 

miau-iau ADJ N Miao-Yao, Hmong-Mien (language) 

micro- PREF micro- [× 10^-6] 

microarciteta N microarchitecture (software) 

microbio N microbe, bug, germ, virus; glitch, defect; 

antimicrobio ADJ antibiotic, antiseptic 

microcosmo N microcosm 

microcredito N microcredit 

microfilma N microfilm 

microfon N microphone 

micron N micron (measure) 

micronda N microwave 

Micronesia N Micronesia; micronesian ADJ N 

Micronesian 

microscopio N microscope; la Microscopio N 

Microscopium (constellation); microscopial ADJ 

microscopic 

microtelia N microchip, computer chip 

miel N honey; mielin N honey, sweetheart 

mielifaje N honeyeater (bird: family Meliphagidae) 

mielin N myelin 

mieloide ADJ myeloid 

mielosite N myelocyte 

73

migra VI migrate; N migration, immigration, emigration; 

migra a V immigrate to; migra de V emigrate from; 

migrante ADJ migrating; N migrant; migror N 

immigrant, emigrant 

migrania N migraine 

mil DET (a) thousand; ADJ thousandth (ordinal); mili VI 

split into a thousand parts; N thousandth (fraction) 

milenio N millennium; milenialisme N millennialism 

milflor N millefleurs, millefiori 

mili- PREF milli- [a thousandth] 

milia N mile (measure of distance); milia maral N nautical 

mile 

milio N millet 

milion DET (a) million; ADJ millionth (ordinal); milioni VI 

split into a million parts; N millionth (fraction); 

milionor N millionaire 

milipede N millipede (class Diplopoda) 

militar ADJ military; N military person; artes militar N 

martial arts; desmilitari V demilitarize; N 

demilitarization; militari VI VT militarize; N 

militarization; militaria N military; militarisme N 

militarism; militariste N militarist; nonmilitar ADJ N 

civilian; servi militar N military service 

militia N militia 

mima VT mime, pantomime; N mime (art), pantomime; 

mimor N mime (person); mockingbird, catbird, thrasher 

(bird: family Mimidae) 

mimosa N mimosa (drink; plant: genus Mimosa) 

min ADJ PRENOM less, fewer; ADV less; a la min ADV at 

least, as a minimum; la min ADJ PRENOM least, fewest; 

ADV least; min bon es la problem, plu bon es la 

solve the worse the problem, the better the solution; 

min alta ca less tall than; min ca nun second to none; 

min e min ADV less and less, ever less; min pluve, min 

la teto gotea the less it rains, the less the roof leaks; 

min los ave, plu los vole the less they have, the more 

they want 

mina VT mine (excavate); N mining (excavation), mine; 

sumina V undermine 

minareta N minaret 

mineral ADJ mineral; N mineral, ore; minerali VI VT 

mineralize; N mineralization 

mineralojia N mineralogy; mineralojial ADJ 

mineralogical; mineralojiste N mineralogist 

miniatur ADJ N miniature; miniaturiste N miniaturist 

minibus N minibus 

minifalda N miniskirt 

minima ADJ minimum, minimal, least; nominal (fee); N 

minimum, least; a minima ADV at least; minimi VI VT 

minimize; N minimization; minimisme N minimalism; 

minimiste ADJ N minimalist 

minio N minium, red lead 

ministro N minister (government); ministral ADJ 

ministerial; ministreria N ministry (government); 

ministro de relatas stranjer N foreign minister, foreign 

secretary, secretary of state for foreign affairs; ministro 

prima N prime minister, chancellor 

74 

minor ADJ minor, slight; junior, the younger (in names); N 

minor; minoria N minority 

minueto N minuet (music, dance) 

minuto N minute (measure of time) 

miope ADJ nearsighted (US), short-sighted (Br), myopic; 

miopia N nearsightedness (US), short-sightedness (Br), 

myopia 

miosene ADJ N miocene 

miosite N myocytis 

mira N myrrh (oleoresin, plant: species Commiphora 

myrrha) 

miracle N miracle; miraclor N miracle-worker; 

miraclosa ADJ miraculous; ADV miraculously 

miraje N mirage 

mirandes ADJ N Mirandes (language) 

miror N mirror; miror de retrovista N rear-view mirror; 

mirori VT mirror 

mirto N myrtle (plant, genus Myrtus) 

misa N mass (religious); misa de moria N requiem 

misantropia N misanthropy; misantropial ADJ 

misanthropic; misantropiste N misanthrope, 

misanthropist 

misca VT mix, blend, jumble, intersperse; mingle; shuffle 

(mix the order of); N mixture, miscellany, jumble; 

intermisca VI intermingle; miscable ADJ miscible; 

miscada ADJ mixed, miscellaneous; miscador N 

blender, mixer, mixing machine; miscador de beton N 

cement mixer 

misera ADJ miserable, abject, wretched, piteous, pitiful, 

pathetic; ADV miserably; N wretch; miseria N misery, 

abjection, abjectness 

misil N missile, projectile; misil de tera a aira N surfaceto-air 

missile 

mision N mission, expedition; mision fol N fool's mission; 

misioneria N mission (station); misioneta N errand; 

misionor N missionary 

misojine ADJ misogynistic; N misogynist 

Misre N Egypt (also Egipte); misri ADJ N Egyptian 

misterio N mystery, enigma; desmisteri VI VT demystify; 

N demystification; misteriosa ADJ mysterious 

mistica ADJ mystic, mystical; N mystic; misticisme N 

mysticism 

mito N myth, legend; desmiti VI VT demythologize; 

mital ADJ mythical 

mitocondria N mitochondria; mitocondrial ADJ 

mitochondrial 

mitolojia N mythology; mitolojial ADJ mythological 

mitra N mitre 

Mitra N Mithras, Mithra; mitraisme /mitra-isme/ N 

mithraism; mitraiste /mitra-iste/ ADJ N mithraist 

mitralia VT strafe; mitraliador N machine gun; mitralior N 

machine gunner 

mmm INTERJ yum (good taste); hmmm (thinking) 

moa N moa (bird: family Dinornithidae) 

mobila N piece of furniture, item of furniture; mobilas N

PL furniture (considered together), furnishings; 

mobili VT furnish 

moca N mocha 

mocasin N moccasin 

moda N fashion, style, vogue, trend, fad; mood 

(grammar); mode (software); a la moda ADJ in fashion, 

cool, fashionable, stylish, trendy, hot, of the moment, du 

jour; bolsa de moda N designer handbag; de moda 

pasada ADJ outdated, out of fashion, old-fashioned; 

moda de capeles N hairstyle; moda dependente N 

conditional mood (grammar); moda indicante N 

indicative mood (grammar); moda refinada N haute 

couture; moda sujuntiva N subjunctive mood 

(grammar); modiste N fashion designer, milliner, 

follower of fashion, fashionista; modosa ADJ 

fashionable, stylish; nonmodosa ADJ unfashionable, 

unstylish 

model ADJ model, exemplary, archetypal; N model, 

prototype, exemplar, example, archetype, pattern, 

standard, template, paradigm; model (art, fashion); 

model a proportio N scale model; model 

asemblable N model for assembly, kit; modeli VT 

model (make a model of; model clothes); N modeling 

(US), modelling (Br) 

modem N modem 

modera VT moderate; N moderation; moderada ADJ 

moderate, sparing 

moderna ADJ modern; moderni VI VT modernize; N 

modernization; modernor N modernizer 

modesta ADJ modest (dress); tro modesta ADJ prudish 

modo N manner, means, way (of doing); en no modo ADV 

by no means, in no way; en no modo ma ADV in no 

other way than, just, simply, purely; en un modo 

interesante ADV in an interesting way, interestingly; en 

un otra modo ADV in another way, otherwise; modo de 

susta N livelihood, living; modo de vive N way of life, 

lifestyle, approach to life 

modula VT modulate; N modulation 

modulo N module, modulus; 8 modulo 3 es 2 8 modulo 3 

is 2 

mofeta N skunk (mammal: family Mephitidae) 

mofo N mold (US), mould (Br), mildew (bacterial, 

fungal); mofosa ADJ moldy (US), mouldy (Br) 

mogano N mahogany (wood, tree: genus Swietenia); de 

mogano ADJ mahogany 

mohair N mohair 

moia VT wet; N wetting; moiada ADJ wet, soaked, 

drenched, macerated 

moiste ADJ N Mohist; moisme N Mohism 

mol ADJ soft (not hard; compare suave), tender; moli VI 

VT soften; molia N softness 

mol N mole (chemistry) 

mola N spring (mechanical); cargada par mola ADJ 

springloaded 

molda N mold (US), mould (Br), cast (container); 

moldi VT mold (US), mould (Br), cast; moldida N 

molding (US), moulding (Br), casting; mold (US), 

mould (Br), cast (molded object) 

Moldova N Moldova; moldovan ADJ N Moldovan 

moldur N frame (picture), molding (US), moulding (Br), 

cornice; moldurador N router 

mole VT grind, pulverize, reduce to powder; gnash 

molecula N molecule; moleculal ADJ molecular 

molesta VT molest, harass, harry; N harassment 

molibdeno N molybdenum (element) 

molin N mill; molin de carne N meat grinder; molin de 

venta N windmill; molini VT mill; molinor N miller 

molo N pier, jetty, quay, wharf 

molusco N mollusc (phylum Mollusca) 

momento N moment, instant; momentum; la bon 

momento N the right moment, the opportunity, the 

chance; momental ADJ momentary; momento 

angulo N angular momentum; momento de torse N 

torque; momento linial N linear momentum 

momia N mummy (preserved) 

Monaco N Monaco; monaces ADJ N Monacan 

monarca N monarch, sovereign; monarch (butterfly); 

monarcal ADJ monarchic, monarchical, monarchistic; 

monarcia N monarchy, sovereignty; monarciste N 

monarchist 

monce N monk, nun; moncal ADJ monastic; monce 

fema N nun; monce mas N monk; monce sever N 

ascetic; monceria N monastery, convent, abbey 

mone N money, cash, currency; blanci mone V launder 

money; con mone ADV in cash; lava mone V launder 

money; monal ADJ monetary; mone blancida N 

laundered money; mone de jua N play money, 

monopoly money; mone falsa N counterfeit money; 

mone lavada N laundered money; mone sanguosa N 

blood money; mone susia N dirty money; moneria N 

mint (coining money); moneta N coin 

monedula N jackdaw (bird: species Coloeus monedula) 

Mongol N Mongolia; mongol ADJ N Mongolian 

monitor N monitor (device); monitor de glucosa N 

glucose monitor, blood sugar monitor; monitori VT 

monitor, keep an eye on; N monitoring, surveillance 

monoblasto N monoblast 

monocini N monokini 

monocrom ADJ monochrome 

monoculo N monocle; monoculal ADJ monocular 

monocultiveria N monoculture, plantation 

monoftongo N monophthong 

monogamia N monogamy; monogamiste ADJ 

monogamous; N monogamist 

monolito N monolith; monolitin ADJ monolithic 

monologo N monolog (US), monologue (Br) 

monomio N monomial; monomial ADJ monomial 

mononucleose N mononucleosis 

monopolio N monopoly; contra monopolio ADJ antitrust 

monosacarido N monosaccharide 

monosicle N unicycle 

monosido N monoxide; monosido de carbono N carbon 

monoxide 

75

monosilaba N monosyllable; monosilabal ADJ 

monosyllabic 

monosite N monocyte 

monositopoiese N monocytopoiesis 

monoteiste /monote-iste/ ADJ monotheistic; N monotheist; 

monoteisme /monote-isme/ N monotheism 

monotono N monotone; monotonia N monotony; 

monotonosa ADJ monotonous, dull, tedious, boring 

monstro N monster; monstrin ADJ monstrous; ADV 

monstrously; monstrinia N monstrosity; monstro de 

Gila N Gila monster (reptile: species Heloderma 

suspectum) 

monta VT mount, ride, sit on, straddle; desmonta V 

dismount 

montania N mountain, mountainous area; 

montaniosa ADJ mountainous 

monte N mount, mountain 

Montenegro N Montenegro (also Tsernagora); 

montenegrin ADJ N Montenegrin 

monton N heap, pile, mound; monton de neva N 

snowdrift; un monton de N a lot of, a load of, lots of, 

loads of; un monton de mone N loads of money, a 

fortune; un monton de ricia N loads of wealth, a 

fortune 

Montserat N Montserrat; montseratian ADJ N 

Montserratian 

montur N frame (eyeglasses), setting (jewelry), mount 

(jewelry), bezel 

monumento N monument, landmark, sight (tourist); 

monumental ADJ monumental, landmark 

mor ADJ dead; N dead person, casualty; moreria N 

morgue; mori VI die, perish, pass away; VT deaden; N 

death, dying; mori de famia V starve; N starvation; mori 

e destrui N death and destruction, carnage; moria N 

death (being dead), mortality; morida ADJ deadened; 

nonmorinte ADJ undying; pos mori ADJ posthumous 

mora N blackberry (fruit, plant: genus Rubus, subgenus 

Rubus) 

moral ADJ moral; ADV morally; moralia N morality; 

nonmoral ADJ immoral; nonmoralia N immorality, 

iniquity; premoral ADJ premoral, innocent; prinsipe 

moral N moral principle, moral; regula moral N moral 

rule, moral 

morbilio N measles 

morbosa ADJ morbid; morbosia N morbidity 

morde VT bite 

moren N moraine 

morera N mulberry (fruit: genus Morus); morero N 

mulberry tree (genus Morus) 

morfem N morpheme 

morfina N morphine 

morfolojia N morphology; morfolojial ADJ morphological 

mormon ADJ N Mormon; mormonisme N Mormonism, 

Latter-day Saints 

moro ADJ Moorish; N Moor 

morsa N walrus 

76 

mortal ADJ mortal, perishable; mortalia N mortality (state 

of being mortal); nonmortal ADJ immortal, 

imperishable, nonperishable; nonmortalia N 

immortality 

mortero N mortar (material, weapon) 

mos N moss (plant: division Bryophyta); mososa ADJ 

mossy 

mosaica ADJ N mosaic 

Mosambic N Mozambique; mosambican ADJ N 

Mozambican 

mosarabi ADJ Mozarab 

mosca N fly (insect: infraorder Muscomorpha); la 

Mosca N Musca (constellation); mosceta N mosquito, 

gnat, midge (insect: infraorder Culicomorpha) 

moscete N musket; moscetor N musketeer 

mostarda N mustard (plant: species Brassica hirta, nigra, 

juncea) 

mostra VT show, exhibit, display, reveal, demonstrate, 

illustrate; N exhibition, illustration, audition, sample; 

mostra e dise V N show and tell; mostra prima N 

premiere, opening, first showing (of film, etc); mostra 

se autoria N assert one's authority; mostra un video V 

show a video, play a video; mostrable ADJ 

demonstrable; mostrada ADJ shown, revealed, 

manifest; mostral ADJ demonstrative; 

nonmostrada ADJ unshown; premostra V presage, 

augur, portend, foreshadow, forebode 

motel N motel 

motif N motif, (repeating) pattern; sin motif N blank, plain 

motiva VT motivate; N motive, motivation, incentive; 

automotiva V motivate oneself; automotivada ADJ 

self-motivated, showing initiative; desmotiva V 

demotivate; N disincentive; motiva ascondeda N 

ulterior motive 

motobarco N motorboat 

motor N motor, engine; motoriste N motorist 

motosicle N motorcycle, motorbike; motosicliste N 

motorcyclist, biker 

motosiera N chainsaw 

move VI VT move, shift, propel, transfer; shovel (snow, 

soil, etc); N movement, motion; movement (music); de 

move lenta ADJ slow-motion, in slow motion; 

desmovabli V immobilize; N immobilization; 

movable ADJ mobile; movabli VI VT mobilize; N 

mobilization; movablia N mobility; move ajitada V 

fidget; move caracolin V move at a snail's pace, crawl 

along; move casa V move house, move (to a new 

home); nonmovente ADJ motionless, unmoving, 

stationary 

moxa V mosh; N moshing; moxeria N mosh pit 

Moxe N Moses 

mu N mu (Greek letter) 

mua VI N pout 

muco N mucus, goo, gloop; mucin ADJ gooey, gloopy; 

muco nasal N nasal mucus, snot, bogey; mucosa ADJ 

mucous 

muda ADJ mute, dumb; N mute

mufin N muffin 

mugre N filth, grime, muck, sludge, mess; mugrosa ADJ 

filthy, mucky, messy 

mugul ADJ N Mughal, Mogul 

Muhammad N Muhammad 

muladi N muladi 

mulato N mulatto 

muleta N crutch 

mulo N mule; mulor N muleteer 

multa VT fine, penalize; N fine, penalty, ticket, forfeit, 

forfeiture 

multe DET many, much, various; ADV very, really, quite; 

PRON many, much; es plu multe ca V outnumber; 

multe min (ca) ADJ many fewer, much less (than); ADV 

much less (than); multe plu (ca) ADJ many more, much 

more (than); ADV much more (than) 

multia N multitude, myriad 

multibanda ADJ multitrack 

multicanal ADJ multichannel 

multicolor ADJ multicolored (US), multicoloured (Br), 

multicolor (US), multicolour (Br), variegated, motley 

multicor ADJ multicore 

multicultural ADJ multicultural 

multidimensional ADJ multidimensional 

multidirijal ADJ multidirectional 

multietnical ADJ multiethnic 

multifase ADJ multiphase 

multiladal ADJ multilateral, many-sided 

multilingual ADJ multilingual; N polyglot 

multimedia ADJ N multimedia 

multinivel ADJ multilevel, multistory (US), multistorey 

(Br) 

multiple ADJ multiple; N multiple (of a number); 

multipli VI VT multiply; N multiplication; multiplida 

par PREP multiplied by, times 

multirazal ADJ multiracial 

multiselulal ADJ multicellular 

multitaxe ADJ multitasking; multitaxia N multitasking 

multiusa ADJ multipurpose, multifunctional, versatile 

multiusor ADJ multiuser 

multiversa N multiverse 

mundo N world; de la mundo ADJ cosmopolitan; 

mundal ADJ pertaining to the world, worldly 

muni VT supply with ammunition; N ammunition, ammo 

munisipa N municipality; munisipal N municipal 

mur N wall (of building); mur contra esplodes N blast 

wall; mureta N board (for writing or displaying on); 

partition; mureta blanca N whiteboard; mureta 

negra N blackboard; muron N rampart, defensive wall, 

city wall; muron de tera N earthwork 

Muritania N Mauritania; muritani ADJ N Mauritanian 

murmura VT N murmur, mumble; mutter, grumble 

mus N mouse (mammal: genus Mus; computer) 

mus N mousse 

musa N muse 

musarania N shrew (mammal: family Soricidae) 

muscada N nutmeg (spice, plant: genus Myristica) 

musco N musk; muscosa ADJ musky 

musculo N muscle; musculal ADJ muscular (relating to 

muscles); musculor N muscleman; musculosa ADJ 

muscular (with developed muscles) 

muselina N muslin; de muselina ADJ muslin 

museo N museum 

musica N music; musica de asendador N muzak, 

elevator music (US), lift music (Br); musica de 

folclor N folk music; musica en conserta N live music; 

musica rap N rap music; musical ADJ musical; 

musiciste N musician 

musicolojia N musicology; musicolojiste N musicologist 

musli N granola, muesli 

muslim ADJ N Muslim, Islamic 

muslo N mussel (bivalve: family Mytilidae) 

mustax N mustache (US), moustache (Br) 

mustela N weasel (mammal: genus Mustela) 

muta VI VT mutate, transform, transmute; N mutation, 

transformation, metamorphosis, transmutation; 

mutable ADJ mutable, changeable; mutablia N 

mutability; mutada ADJ mutated; N mutant; mutador N 

transformer; mutisme N metamorphism (geology); 

nonmutable ADJ immutable; nonmutablia N 

immutability 

mutila VT mutilate; N mutilation 

mutua ADJ mutual, reciprocal; ADV mutually, reciprocally, 

to each other; mutui VI VT mutualize 

muu INTERJ moo (cow); mui VI moo, low; N mooing, 

lowing 

muxu N mu shu (Chinese pork dish) 

N /en/ N N (letter) 

n ABBR (= numero) number 

nabatea ADJ N Nabatean 

N 

nabo N turnip (root, plant: species Brassica rapa) 

nada VI swim; N swim; naderia N swimming baths 

(premises), swimming complex, natatorium 

nadir N nadir 

nafta N naphtha 

naftalina N naphthalina 

naftol N naphthol 

naive ADJ naive, ingenuous, trusting, innocent, 

unsophisticated; N simpleton; naivia N naivety, naïveté, 

naiveness, innocence 

Namibia N Namibia; namibian ADJ N Namibian 

77

nana ADJ N dwarf, midget 

nano- PREF nano- [× 10^-9] 

nara VT narrate, tell, relate (story); N narration, story, tale, 

chronicle; malnara V garble (story); nara de fes N fairy 

tale; nara en tre libros N trilogy; nara fondal N 

backstory; naras N stories, fiction; naras siensal N 

science fiction; nareta N short story; naror N storyteller, 

narrator, raconteur 

narcolesia N narcolepsy; narcolesica ADJ narcoleptic 

narcose N narcosis 

narcotica ADJ N narcotic (drug) 

nardo N spikenard (plant: species Nardostachys 

grandiflora) 

narina N nostril 

narsisiste ADJ narcissistic; N narcissist; narsisisme N 

narcissism 

narsiso N narcissus, daffodil (plant: genus Narcissus) 

narval N narwhal (mammal: species Monodon monoceros) 

nas N nose; nasal ADJ nasal; N nasal (consonant); 

nasali VI nasalize 

nase VI be born; N birth; ante nase ADJ prenatal (baby); 

la Renase N the Renaissance; nasente ADJ nascent; 

pos nase ADJ postnatal (baby); renase V be reborn; N 

rebirth, renaissance 

nasion N nation, state (political); internasional ADJ 

international; nasional ADJ national; nasional falsa ADJ 

pseudo-national; nasionali VI nationalize; N 

nationalization; nasionalia N nationality; 

nasionalisme N nationalism; nasionaliste ADJ 

nationalistic; N nationalist; Nasiones Unida N PL 

United Nations 

nasturtio N nasturtium (plant: genus Tropaeolum) 

natal N Christmas; arbor de natal N Christmas tree; de 

natal ADJ Christmas; la sera de natal N Christmas Eve 

nativa ADJ native (to a place), indigenous; N native; 

renativi VI repatriate; N repatriation 

natur N nature; natur mor N still life; natural ADJ natural; 

organic (food); ADV naturally, of course; naturin ADJ 

naturalistic; naturiste N naturalist; nonatural ADJ 

unnatural; supranatural ADJ supernatural 

naturali VI naturalize, become a citizen; VT admit 

someone to citizenship, naturalize 

nauatla ADJ N Nahuatl (language) 

Nauero N Nauru; nauero ADJ N Nauruan 

nausea VT nauseate; N nausea, nauseation; nausea 

ensintial N morning sickness; nauseada ADJ nauseated; 

nauseosa ADJ nauseous, queasy 

nautilo N nautilus (family Nautilidae) 

naveta N shuttle (weaving); ferry (boat); naveta spasial N 

space shuttle; navetor N ferryman 

naviga VT sail, navigate; N sailing, navigation; navigor N 

navigator 

nazi ADJ N Nazi; nazisme N Nazism 

nb ABBR (= nota bon) NB, nota bene 

ne N nay (Middle Eastern flute) 

nebla N fog; desneblador N demister, defogger; 

78 

desnebli V demist, defog; deblur (images); nebla 

fumosa N smog; neblador N mister, nebulizer; 

nebleta N mist, haze; nebli VI mist up, fog up, become 

misty, become foggy; blur (images); neblosa ADJ 

nebulous, foggy, vague, fuzzy; blurry (images, vision) 

nebulosa N nebula 

necator N hookworm (parasite: genus Necator) 

necatoriase N hookworm, necatoriasis (disease) 

necrofil ADJ N necrophiliac; necrofilia N necrophilia 

necromansia N necromancy 

Nederland N Netherlands, Holland (Netherlands); 

nederlandes ADJ N Dutch, Netherlandish (person, 

language) 

nefrite N nephritis 

nega VT deny, negate, repudiate, nullify, annul, rescind, 

overrule, countermand, disavow; N denial, negation, 

repudiation, annulment, disavowal; nega a se V deny 

oneself; N abnegation, self-denial; nega con se testa V 

shake one's head; negable ADJ deniable; 

nonegable ADJ undeniable; ADV undeniably 

negativa ADJ negative; N negative (photography) 

negosia VT negotiate, bargain; N negotiation; negosior N 

negotiator 

negra ADJ N black (color); negri VI blacken, char, scorch, 

singe 

nelumbo N sacred lotus (plant, genus Nelumbo) 

nematodo N roundworm, nematode (phylum: Nematoda) 

neodimio N neodymium (element) 

neolitica ADJ N Neolithic 

neon N neon (element) 

Nepal N Nepal; nepali ADJ N Nepali, Nepalese (person, 

language) 

nepentes N pitcher plant (plant: genus Nepenthes) 

nepeta N catnip (plant: genus Nepeta) 

nervo N nerve; nervo oial N optic nerve; nervo 

serebral N cerebral nerve; nervosa ADJ nervous 

nesesa VT need, require (physical obligation), lack; N 

need (state); nesesa adota VT resort to, have recourse 

to; nesesa ce nos escuta V it is necessary that we 

listen, we need to listen; nesesada ADJ needed, 

required, necessary, indispensable, must-have, requisite; 

ADV necessarily; N necessity, requirement, must (object 

of need), prerequisite; nonesesada ADJ unnecessary, 

dispensable 

neta N granddaughter; duneta N great-granddaughter; 

duneto N great-grandson; netisme N nepotism; neto N 

grandson; treneta N great-great-granddaughter; 

treneto N great-great-grandson 

neta ADJ ADV net, nett (excluding tax) 

netar N nectar 

netarina N sunbird (bird: family Nectariniidae) 

netsuce N netsuke (carved obi toggle) 

netunio N neptunium (element) 

Netuno N Neptune (planet, mythology) 

neurastenia N neurasthenia; neurastenial ADJ

neurasthenic 

neuropeptido N neuropeptide 

neurosiensa N neuroscience; neurosiensiste N 

neuroscientist 

neurotransmetador N neurotransmitter 

neuton N newton (measure) 

neutra ADJ neutral; neuter (gender); neutri VI neutralize, 

neuter, spay; neutria N neutrality 

neutrino N neutrino 

neutrofil N neutrophil 

neutron N neutron; antineutron N antineutron 

neva VI snow; N snow; neva dejelada V sleet; N sleet; 

slush; nevosa ADJ snowy 

nevo N mole (on skin), nevus (US), naevus (Br) 

niama N yam (plant, root: genus Dioscorea) 

Nicaragua N Nicaragua; nicaraguan ADJ N Nicaraguan 

nicel N nickel (element); niceli VT nickel-plate; 

nicelida ADJ nickel-plated 

nido N nest, hive, den, lair; nidi VT nest (in); nestle; nido 

de abeas N beehive; nidor N nestling (bird) 

Nijer N Niger; nijerien ADJ N Nigerien 

Nijeria N Nigeria; nijerian ADJ N Nigerian 

nilon N nylon 

nimbo ADJ N nimbus (cloud) 

nimfa N nymph 

nimfea N water lily (plant: family Nymphaeaceae) 

nimfomania N nymphomania; nimfomanica ADJ N 

nymphomaniac 

ninja N ninja 

niobio N niobium (element) 

Nion N Japan (also Japan); nion ADJ N Japanese (person, 

language) 

nirvana N nirvana 

nitrojen N nitrogen (element) 

Niue N Niue; niue ADJ N Niuean 

nivel ADJ level, even (on same level); N level (stage of 

progress); floor, story (US), storey (Br), deck (of ship); 

nivel de mar N sea level; nivel de tera N ground floor, 

ground level; nivel prima N first floor (above ground 

level) 

nix N niche 

no DET no; ADV PREVERB not; CONJ (and) not; INTERJ no; 

esta, (e) no acel this, (and) not that; no bon no mal so 

so, comme ci comme ça; no cosa N nothing; no cosa 

plu ca nothing more than, merely, simply, just; no esta 

e no acel CONJ neither this nor that; no plu ca no more 

than, merely, simply, just 

no N noh 

Noa N Noah 

nobelio N nobelium (element) 

nobil ADJ noble; N noble; nobilia N nobility 

noca N knuckle 

noda VT knot; N knot, node; noda limfal N lymph node; 

noda papilin N bow (knot); nodosa ADJ knotty, 

gnarled, nodose 

nodulo N nodule 

noia VT bore, tire; N boredom, tedium, ennui; noiada ADJ 

bored; noiante ADJ tiresome, boring, tedious, dull; 

noior N bore (person) 

nom N name; noun; autonomida ADJ self-proclaimed, 

self-styled; con nom falsa ADJ pseudonymous; ADV 

pseudonymously; es nomida V be named, be called; 

malnomida ADJ misnamed; N misnomer; nom ante 

sposi N maiden name; nom de gera N nom de guerre; 

nom duple N double noun (e.g. la mense janero); nom 

falsa N alias, pseudonym; nom familial N family name, 

surname; nom individua N first name; nom madral N 

matronym; nom orijinal N original name, maiden name, 

birth name; nom padral N patronym; nom propre N 

proper noun; nom teatral N stage name; nomes N PL 

names, nomenclature; nometa N nickname, sobriquet, 

soubriquet; nomi VT name, give a name to, appoint; par 

nom ADJ nominal; posnomal ADJ postnominal; N 

postnominal word; prenomal ADJ prenominal; N 

prenominal word; renomi V rename; sin nom ADJ 

nameless, anonymous 

nomada ADJ nomadic, itinerant; N nomad, itinerant, 

traveler (US), traveller (Br); nomadisme N nomadism 

nominativa ADJ N nominative (grammar) 

non- PREF un-, non- [added to an adjective: opposite 

(nonjusta); added to a verbal noun denoting a state: 

absence of the state (noncrede); simplifies to “no-” 

before N (nonesesada)] 

nonagon ADJ nonagonal; N nonagon 

norde ADJ north, northern; N north; norde-este ADJ 

northeast, northeasterly; N northeast; norde-ueste ADJ 

northwest, northwesterly; N northwest 

nordica ADJ Norse 

norepinefrina N norepinephrine, noradrenaline 

Noria N Norway; norsce ADJ Norwegian 

norma N norm, standard; nonormal ADJ abnormal, 

aberrant, odd, strange, irregular; nonormalia N 

abnormality, aberration, irregularity; normal ADJ 

normal, ordinary, usual, standard, conventional, regular; 

ADV normally, ordinarily, usually; normali VI 

normalize; N normalization; normalia N normality, 

regularity; normi VT standardize; N standardization 

normande ADJ N Norman (person, language); 

Normandia N Normandy 

normoblasto N normoblast 

nos PRON we, us; DET our 

nosebo ADJ N nocebo 

nosiva ADJ harmful, noxious, pernicious; nonosiva ADJ 

benign, harmless, innocuous 

nostaljia N nostalgia; nostaljial ADJ nostalgic 

nota VT note, notice; (musical) note; N note, letter, 

message, memorandum, memo, annotation, notice, 

bulletin; ja notada ADJ already mentioned, 

aforementioned; nonotada ADJ unnoted, unnoticed; N 

oversight; nota basa N footnote; nota bon INTERJ by 

the way, nota bene; nota codal N endnote; nota de 

reseta N receipt; nota de serti N certificate; 

79

notable ADJ notable, mentionable, noticeable, 

remarkable, considerable; ADV notably, noticeably, 

remarkably, considerably; notas (de reuni) N minutes 

(of meeting); notor N notary 

note N night; a note ADV at night; en la note ADV in the 

night, overnight; medianote N midnight; note des-du N 

Twelfth Night; note tarda N late night; noti VI become 

night; N nightfall, dusk; pos medianote ADV after 

midnight, in the dead of night, in the middle of the night 

noturna ADJ nocturnal (biology) 

nova ADJ new, novel, recent; ADV again; bon novas N PL 

good news, good tidings; la plu nova ADJ newest, 

latest; mal novas N PL bad news, bad tidings; novas N 

PL news, tidings, current events; noveta N novelty, 

curiosity; renovable ADJ renewable; renovi VI renew, 

renovate, upgrade, refurbish, revamp; N renewal, 

renovation, upgrade, refurbishment 

nova N nova (astronomy); supranova N supernova 

nove DET nine; ADJ ninth (ordinal); novi VI split into nine; 

N ninth (fraction) 

novela N novel; novela rosa N romance novel; 

noveleta N novella; novelor N novelist 

novembre N November 

noza N nut (generally); walnut; noza de Brazil N Brazil 

nut; nozeta N hazelnut; nozeto N hazel (tree: genus 

Carylus); nozo N walnut (tree: genus Juglans); nozo 

american N hickory (tree: genus Carya); nozo de 

Brazil N Brazil nut (tree: genus Bertholletia) 

-nte SUF ADJ N [added to a verb: ADJ active participle, -ing 

(sonante); N person or thing that is -ing (covrente)] 

nu N nu (Greek letter) 

nube N cloud (including software); nube de zucar N 

marshmallow (confection); nubosa ADJ cloudy; 

nubosia N cloudiness; sin nube ADJ cloudless, 

cloudfree 

nuca N nape, back of the neck 

nucleo N nucleus, kernel; head (syntax); nucleal ADJ 

nuclear, nucleic 

nucleol N nucleolus 

nuda ADJ nude, naked, bare, exposed; nudi VI strip, 

denude; nudia N nudity, nakedness; nudifilo N wirestripper; 

nudisme N nudism; nudiste N nudist 

nuga N nougat 

numatico N tire (US), tyre (Br) (of wheel) 

numero N number (position in sequence, but not how 

many in total); issue, edition (of periodical); item, entry 

(in list); numeral (part of speech); numeral ADJ 

numeric; numeri VT number, assign a number to; 

numerisme N numeracy; numeriste ADJ numerate; 

numero nonreta N odd number; numero primal N 

prime number; numero reta N even number; numero 

sin costa N toll-free number (telephone); 

numerosa ADJ numerous 

numerolojia N numerology; numerolojiste N 

numerologist 

numismatia N numismatics, coin collecting; 

numismatial ADJ numismatic; numismatiste N 

numismatist, coin collector 

80 

nun PRON no one, nobody 

nunca ADV never, not ever 

nuntxacu N nunchaku (Japanese weapon) 

nuri VT feed, nourish, fuel (metaphor); N nourishment, 

nutrition; malnuri N malnutrition; malnurida ADJ 

malnourished, undernourished; nurinte ADJ nutritious; 

N nutrient; nuriste N nutritionist; renuri V feed again, 

feed back; N feedback (audio, video) 

O N O (letter) 

O 

o CONJ or; o esta o acel CONJ either this or that 

o INTERJ oh (surprise), O (vocative) 

-o SUF N [added to a noun ending in -a: male relative (tia, 

tio); tree (pera, pero)] 

oasis N oasis 

obedi VT obey; N obedience; desobedi V disobey; N 

disobedience; obedinte ADJ obedient 

obelisce N obelisk 

obesa ADJ fat, obese, plump, corpulent, portly, stout; 

obesia N obesity 

obi N obi (Japanese sash) 

oblida VT forget; nonoblidable ADJ unforgettable; nooblida-me 

N forget-me-not (plant: genus Myosotis); 

oblida lo INTERJ forget it, forget about it, never mind; 

oblidante ADJ forgetful 

obliga VT oblige, compel (socially); N obligation, 

commitment, duty, responsibility; nonobligante ADJ 

optional, not required; obliga finansial N bond; 

obligada ADJ obligated, compelled; obligante ADJ 

obligatory, compulsory, mandatory 

oboe N oboe; oboiste N oboist 

obra N opus, work (result of artistic or intellectual work); 

obra mestral N masterpiece, magnum opus 

ocapi N okapi (mammal: species Okapia johnstoni) 

oce ADJ OK, okay, all right, alright, good, acceptable; ADV 

OK, okay, well, well enough; INTERJ OK, okay, yes, all 

right, alright; ma oce INTERJ oh well (resigned 

acceptance) 

oculo N (pair of) spectacles, (pair of) glasses, (pair of) 

eyeglasses; oculeria N glasses store, optician's shop; 

oculiste N oculist, optician; oculo coretinte N 

corrective glasses; oculo de sol N sunglasses; oculo 

protejente N goggles 

oculta ADJ occult (supernatural; medical); N occult; 

oculti VI VT occult; N occultation (astronomy); 

ocultisme N occultism; ocultiste N occultist; 

ocultal ADJ occult 

ocupa VT occupy; N occupation; walk of life; casa 

nonlegal ocupada N squat, illegally occupied house; 

nonocupada ADJ unoccupied; ocupada ADJ occupied, 

busy; ocupal ADJ occupational; ocupante ADJ 

occupying; ocupor N occupant, occupier; occupying

force; ocupor nonlegal N squatter, illegal occupant; 

reocupa V reoccupy; N reoccupation 

odalisce N odalisque 

odia VT hate, detest, abominate, resent, abhor; N hatred, 

animosity, resentment, spite, abomination; odiable ADJ 

detestable, abominable, odious, loathsome, execrable; N 

abomination (thing); odiablia N odiousness; odiosa ADJ 

hateful, spiteful, resentful 

odjibua ADJ N Ojibwa, Chippewa (person, language) 

odor N smell, scent, odor (US), odour (Br); bon odor N 

good smell, aroma, fragrance; bonodori V smell good; 

aromatize; N aromatization; bonodorinte ADJ aromatic, 

fragrant; bonodorosa ADJ aromatic, fragrant; 

desodori V deodorize; desodorinte N deodorant; air 

freshener; mal odor N bad smell, stink, stench; 

malodori V smell bad, stink, reek; malodorinte ADJ 

smelly, malodorous, foul-smelling, stinking; 

malodorosa ADJ smelly, malodorous, foul-smelling, 

stinking; odoreta N whiff, faint smell; odori VI smell, 

give off a smell; odori bon V smell good; odori mal V 

smell bad; odorosa ADJ smelly, odorous, strongsmelling 

ofende VT offend, appall (US), appal (Br), shock, trespass 

against (dated); N offensiveness, obscenity; es 

ofendeda par V resent; nonofendente ADJ inoffensive; 

innocent (joke); ofendeda ADJ indignant; 

ofendente ADJ offensive, disgusting, obscene 

ofisia N office, agency, bureau, facility; practice (medical, 

legal); position (of authority); ofisia a casa N home 

office; ofisia de bileta N ticket office, box office; ofisia 

de comersia N chamber of commerce; ofisia de 

governa N ministry; ofisia de informa N information 

office, information bureau; ofisia de intercambia N 

currency exchange (US), bureau de change (Br); ofisia 

de papa N pontificate; ofisia de polisia N police 

station; ofisia de posta N post office; ofisia de site N 

town hall, city hall; ofisial ADJ official; ADV officially; 

ofisior N official (person), officer; ofisior alta N highranking 

officer, dignitary; ofisior militar N military 

officer 

ofre VT offer, bid, tender; N offer 

oftalmite N ophthalmia, ophthalmitis 

oftalmolojia N ophthalmology; oftalmolojiste N 

ophthalmologist, oculist; oftalmoplejia N 

ophthalmoplegia 

oftalmoscopio N ophthalmoscope 

ogro N ogre 

oia VT hear; N (sense of) hearing; acaso oiada ADJ 

overheard; no oia V miss, not hear; nonoiable ADJ 

inaudible; oia acaso V overhear; oia secreta V 

eavesdrop; oiable ADJ audible; oiadas N PL hearsay 

oio N eye; oio de pex N fisheye; fisheye lens 

ojeto N object (including grammar), target, goal, objective, 

cause; ojetal ADJ objective (relating to an object or 

target) 

oji ADV today 

olandes ADJ Hollandaise 

ole VT smell (perceive a smell); N (sense of) smell 

olibano N frankincense 

oligarca N oligarch; oligarcia N oligarchy 

oligosacarido N oligosaccharide 

oligosene ADJ N oligocene 

olimpiada N olympiad 

olimpial ADJ olympic; juas olimpial N Olympic Games, 

Olympics 

olio N oil; oli VT oil; N oiling; oliosa ADJ oily 

oliste ADJ holistic; N holist; olisme N holism 

oliva N olive (fruit); olivo N olive tree (species Olea 

europaea) 

olmo N elm (tree: genus Ulmus) 

olocausto N holocaust 

olosene ADJ N holocene 

om N man (adult human male), fellow, guy, chap; husband 

(informal); bonom N good-natured fellow, nice guy, 

decent chap, average joe; om de casa N man of the 

house, male homemaker, househusband, stay-at-home 

dad; om de corte N (male) courtier; om de mundo N 

(male) socialite; om joven N young man; omia N 

manhood; supraom N superman 

omaro N lobster (crustacean: family Nephropidae); 

omareta N Norway lobster, Dublin Bay prawn, 

langoustine, scampi (crustacean: species Nephrops 

norvegicus) 

ombilico N navel; ombilical ADJ umbilical 

ombra N shadow, shade; silhouette; ombral ADJ shadow; 

ombri VT overshadow, put into shadow, cast a shadow 

over; shade, shade in; ombrida ADJ overshadowed, 

dwarfed; shaded, shady; ombrin ADJ shadowy 

ombra ADJ N umber (color) 

ome N ohm (measure) 

omega N omega (Greek letter) 

omeleta N omelet (US), omelette (Br) 

omento N omentum (anatomy) 

omeopatia N homeopathy (US), homoeopathy (Br); 

omeopatiste N homeopath (US), homoeopath (Br) 

omero N humerus (anatomy) 

omete VT omit, leave out; N omission 

omicron N omicron (Greek letter) 

omiside VI commit murder, commit homicide; N murder, 

homicide (legal term); omisideda N murder victim; 

omisidor N murderer, homicide 

omnipotia N omnipotence; omnipotiosa ADJ omnipotent 

omnisiensa N omniscience; omnisiensosa ADJ 

omniscient 

omnivor ADJ omnivorous; N omnivore 

omofon ADJ homophonous; N homophone 

omojene ADJ homogeneous, homogene; omojenia N 

homogeneity 

omoloja ADJ homologous; N homolog (US), homologue 

(Br), homology (particular) 

omolojia N homology (concept) 

omonim ADJ homonymous; N homonym, namesake; 

81

omonimia N homonymy 

omosesal ADJ homosexual; omosesalia N homosexuality 

on PRON one, you, they (people in general) 

-on SUF N [added to a noun: larger variety (cason; denton); 

outer garment (jacon)] 

onca N hook; onca de pexa N fishhook; oncanelo (comp) 

N hook-and-eye fastener; onci VT hook, hook up, dock, 

couple 

onda VI VT undulate, heave; N wave, undulation; onda de 

ataca N assault wave; ondante ADJ undulating, 

corrugated; ondeta V ripple, flutter; N ripple, wavelet, 

flutter; ondin ADJ wavelike, corrugated; ondon N surge; 

ondosa ADJ wavy; via ondante N roller coaster 

Onduras N Honduras; onduran ADJ N Honduran 

onesta ADJ honest, truthful; nononesta ADJ dishonest, 

shady; nononestia N dishonesty; onestia N honesty 

onion N onion (plant, bulb: species Allium cepa) 

oniromansia N oneiromancy 

onix N onyx (mineral) 

onomatopea N onomatopoeia; onomatopeal ADJ 

onomatopoeic 

onora VT honor (US), honour (Br), commemorate, credit, 

glorify; N honor (US), honour (Br), credit (for 

achievement), face (e.g. saving face); commemoration, 

homage, honorableness (US), honourableness (Br), 

reverence, glory; desonora V dishonor (US), dishonour 

(Br), humiliate, disgrace, discredit, compromise; N 

dishonor (US), dishonour (Br), humiliation, disgrace, 

ignominy; desonorosa ADJ dishonorable (US), 

dishonourable (Br), disgraceful; onorable ADJ 

honorable (US), honourable (Br), venerable, reverend 

(form of address); onoral ADJ honorary, 

commemorative; onorosa ADJ honorable (US), 

honourable (Br); with honor (US), with honour (Br), 

honorably (US), honourably (Br); salva la onora V save 

face; salvante de onora ADJ face-saving; vea 

onorada ADJ time-honored (US), time-honoured (Br) 

onsa N ounce (measure) 

ontolojia N ontology; ontolojial ADJ ontological, 

ontologic 

op INTERJ oops, whoops (mistake) 

opaca ADJ opaque 

opal N opal; opalin ADJ opaline, opalescent, iridescent, 

nacreous 

opera VI (of a system or mechanism) operate, function, 

work; (of a surgeon) operate; VT operate (guide the 

functioning of); N operation, functioning; opera; 

malopera V malfunction; opera a un tumor operate on 

a tumor; opera sur algun operate on someone; 

operante ADJ functioning, functional, working 

opina VT opine, hold an opinion; N opinion, mind; 

opinosa ADJ opinionated 

opio N opium (drug) 

oportun ADJ opportune, convenient; N opportunity; acaso 

oportun N opportunity; aveni oportun N opportune 

occasion; momento oportun N opportune moment; 

nonoportun ADJ inopportune; oportunia N opportunity, 

convenience; oportunisme N opportunism; 

82 

oportuniste ADJ opportunistic; N opportunist 

oposa VT oppose, object, withstand, contrast, counter, 

counteract; N objection, opposition, antagonism; 

oposante ADJ opposing, opposite, contrary, adverse, 

antagonistic, dissident; complementary (color); N 

complement (of color); oposor N opponent, rival, 

adversary, antagonist 

oposum N opossum (mammal: family Didelphidae) 

opresa VT oppress; N oppression; opresante ADJ 

oppressive; opresor N oppressor 

-or SUF -er [added to any root: person or personified thing 

who performs the action of a verb (joglor), produces or 

uses a noun (xapor, tenisor), or applies the quality of an 

adjective (modernor), often professionally] 

ora N hour, time; ora de adormi N bedtime; ora de 

retira N curfew; ora favoreda N prime time 

oraculo N oracle; oraculal ADJ oracular 

orangutan N orangutan (primate: genus Pongo) 

orania ADJ orange; N orange (color, fruit); oranio N 

orange tree (species Citrus sinensis) 

orbita VT orbit; N orbit; eye socket 

orcestra N orchestra; orcestra de jaz N big band, jazz 

orchestra; orcestral ADJ orchestral; orcestri VT 

orchestrate; N orchestration 

orcidea N orchid (plant: family Orchidaceae) 

orco N orc (evil creature in Tolkien literature); orceta N 

goblin, gremlin 

ordina VT order, sort, sequence, rank, grade; tidy, neaten, 

groom; ordain (religious); N order (including of monks), 

arrangement (including music), sequence; ordination 

(religious); desordina V make a mess of, mess up; N 

mess, disorder; desordinada ADJ messy, untidy, 

disorderly, sloppy, slovenly, bedraggled, dishevelled; en 

ordina ADV in order, respectively; ordina de la dia N 

order of the day, agenda; ordinada ADJ ordered, orderly, 

neat, tidy; ordinal ADJ ordinal; reordina V reorder, put 

back in order, tidy up, clear up; suordina V subordinate; 

N subordination; suborder (biology); suordinada ADJ 

subordinate, secondary, vice-, deputy; N deputy; 

supraordina N superorder (biology); 

supraordinada ADJ superordinate 

ordovisian ADJ N ordovician (geology) 

orea N ear; con oretas ADJ tabbed; orea asoluta N perfect 

pitch; oreal ADJ aural, of the ear; auditory, audial; 

oreta N tab (of page) 

orealeta N earring 

oregano N oregano (spice, plant: species Origanum 

vulgare) 

orexina N orexin 

orfan ADJ N orphan; orfaneria N orphanage; orfani VI VT 

orphan 

organisme N organism 

organiza VT organize, arrange, mount; N organization, 

arrangement; institute, society, club; desorganiza V 

disorganize; N disorganization; desorganizada ADJ 

disorganized; organiza nongovernal N nongovernmental 

organization, NGO; organizor N 

organizer, producer, impresario; reorganiza V

eorganize; N reorganization; supraorganiza N 

umbrella group 

organo N organ (anatomy, music); organal ADJ organic 

(of living matter; but not produced without pesticides); 

organiste N organist; euphonia (bird: genus Euphonia); 

organiste verde N chlorphonia (bird: genus 

Chlorphonia); organo de rola N barrel organ, hurdygurdy; 

organos N PL organs, offal; organos sesal N 

sexual organs 

organotrof ADJ organotrophic; N organotroph; 

organotrofia N organotrophia 

orgasma VI orgasm; N orgasm; orgasmal ADJ orgasmic 

orgulo N pride; es orgulosa de V be proud of, glory in; 

orgulosa ADJ proud 

oria N Oriya (person, language) 

orienta VI VT orient, orientate; N orientation; 

desorienta VI VT disorient, disorientate; N 

disorientation 

origami N origami 

orijin N origin, source, provenance; american orijinal ADJ 

N American Indian, Native American; australian 

orijinal ADJ N Australian Aborigine; orijinal ADJ 

original, creative; ADV originally; né, née; orijinalia N 

originality, creativity 

oriol N oriole (bird: family Oriolidae) 

Orion N Orion (constellation, mythology) 

oriteropo N aardvark (mammal: species Orycteropus afer) 

orix N oryx (mammal: genus Oryx) 

orizon N horizon, skyline; orizon de avenis N event 

horizon; orizonal ADJ horizontal 

orjia N orgy; orjial ADJ orgiastic 

orlo N hem 

ormon N hormone 

orna VT decorate (ornately); N decoration, ornament; orna 

par perfora N openwork; ornal ADJ decorative, 

ornamental; ornosa ADJ ornate, rococo, baroque, florid, 

gaudy 

ornitolojia N ornithology; ornitolojial ADJ ornithological; 

ornitolojiste N ornithologist 

ornitorinco N platypus (mammal: genus Ornithorhynchus 

anatinus) 

oro ADJ gold, golden (color); N gold (color, metal); de 

oro ADJ gold (element, metal), (made) of gold; ori VT 

gold-plate; orida ADJ gold-plated, gold-filled; oror N 

goldsmith; orosa ADJ golden, (made) of gold 

orolojo N clock; con la orolojo ADJ clockwise; contra la 

orolojo ADJ counterclockwise, anticlockwise; la 

Orolojo N Horologium (constellation); orolojeta N 

watch, wristwatch, pocketwatch; orolojo de arena N 

hourglass, eggtimer; orolojor N clockmaker, 

watchmaker 

oroscopo N horoscope 

ortensia N hydrangea (plant: genus Hydrangea) 

ortica N nettle (plant: genus Urtica) 

orticultur N horticulture 

orto N truck farm, market garden, orchard; orteta N 

kitchen garden, vegetable garden, vegetable patch 

ortodox ADJ orthodox; ortodoxia N orthodoxy 

ortogonal ADJ orthogonal; ADV orthogonally 

ortografia N orthography; ortografial ADJ orthographic 

ortonis N logrunner (bird: genus Orthonyx) 

ortopedia N orthopedics (US), orthopaedics (Br), 

orthopedy (US), orthopaedy (Br); ortopediste N 

orthopedist (US), orthopaedist (Br) 

orzo N barley (plant: species Hordeum vulgare) 

-osa SUF ADJ -ful, -ous, -y [added to a noun: full of, 

containing a lot of (zucarosa)] 

osa VT dare, venture; N daring, audacity; osante ADJ 

daring, audacious; ososia N chutzpah 

osale N sorrel (plant: species Rumex acetosa) 

osca ADJ N Oscan (ancient Italian tribe) 

oscur ADJ dark, dim, dusky; obscure, little-known; N 

darkness (absence of light), gloom; oscuri VI darken, 

dim, obscure, remove light; obfuscate; oscuria N 

darkness, obscurity (state); oscurisme N obscurantism; 

oscuriste N obscurantist 

Oseania N Oceania 

oserva VT observe, watch; N observation, reconnaissance; 

oservante V watching, observant; oserveria N 

observatory; oservor N observer, spectator; oservor de 

avias N birdwatcher 

osese VT obsess; N obsession; oseseda ADJ obsessed, 

infatuated; osesente ADJ obsessive; osesor N 

obsessive 

osetin ADJ N Ossetian (language) 

osido N oxide; antiosidi ADJ N antioxidant; osidi VI rust, 

oxidize, tarnish; N rust, corrosion, oxidation, tarnish; 

osidinte ADJ rusting, rusty 

osijen N oxygen (element) 

osila VI VT oscillate, rock, sway, pitch; N oscillation, 

swaying; osilante V oscillating, rocking, swaying, 

pitching 

osio N leisure; osiosa ADJ leisurely, idle; ADV at leisure, 

idly 

ositan ADJ N Occitan (language) 

ositosina N oxytocin 

osmanian ADJ N Osmanli, Ottoman, Osmanian 

osmio N osmium 

oso N bone; oso de colar N clavicle, collarbone; oso de 

pex N fishbone; oso de spala N scapula, shoulderblade; 

osos crusada N PL crossbones; ososa ADJ bony 

ospisio N hospice 

ospita VT host (event); ospitador N host (computer); 

ospitia N hospitality; ospitor N host, hostess; ospitor 

de avion N air steward, air stewardess, air hostess; 

ospitor de discutes N talk-show host (US), chat-show 

host (Br) 

ospital N hospital; ospital de madres N maternity 

hospital; ospitali VT hospitalize; N hospitalization 

ostaculo N obstacle, barrier, hurdle 

ostaje N hostage 

83

ostenta VT show off, flaunt; N ostentation; ostentosa ADJ 

ostentatious, pompous, flamboyant, pretentious, 

affected 

Osteraic N Austria; osteraices ADJ N Austrian 

ostetrica N obstetrics; ostetrical ADJ obstetrical; 

ostetriciste N obstetrician 

ostina VI persist, persevere; N persistence, perseverance, 

obstinacy, stubbornness; ostinosa ADJ obstinate, 

stubborn, persistent, tenacious, dogged, headstrong 

ostra N oyster (mollusc: family Ostreidae); ostror N 

oystercatcher (wading bird: genus Haematopus) 

ostrogota ADJ Ostrogothic; N Ostrogoth 

otagon ADJ octagonal; N octagon 

otante N octant; la Otante N Octans (constellation) 

otario N eared seal, fur seal (mammal: family Otariidae) 

otava N octave 

otel N hotel, inn; otel de jovenes N youth hostel; 

oteleta N boarding house, guest house, bed and 

breakfast, B&B; otelor N innkeeper 

oteni VT obtain, acquire, procure, get, assume; N 

acquisition, procurement; otenable ADJ available; 

otenida N acquisition; otenor N procurer; pimp 

otica N optics; otica de fibres N fiber optics (US), fibre 

optics (Br); otical ADJ optical; oticiste N optical 

scientist 

otigalon N pint 

otimiste ADJ optimistic; N optimist; otimisme N optimism 

oto DET eight; ADJ eighth (ordinal); oti VI split into 

eighths; N eighth (fraction); otida ADJ octavo (book 

size); otuple N octet 

otobre N October 

otodon N octodont (mammal: family Otariidae) 

otojemelo N octuplet 

otometria N optometry; otometriste N optometrist, 

optician, oculist 

otoscopio N aural speculum 

otra DET PRON other; a otra parte ADV elsewhere; apart, 

separately; a otra tempos ADV at other times; formerly; 

a otra ves ADV on another occasion; otherwise; la un 

con la otra ADV together, the one with the other; la un 

la otra ADV each other, one another; la un o la 

otra PRON either, either one, either one or the other; la 

un pos la otra ADV one after another, one by one; la un 

sur la otra ADV one on top of another; no la un e no la 

otra PRON neither, neither one nor the other; otras PRON 

others; un otra DET PRON another 

oval ADJ oval, elliptical; N oval, ellipse 

ovario N ovary; ovarial ADJ ovarian 

ovea N sheep (mammal: species Ovis aries); la Ovea N 

Aries (constellation, mythology); ovea fema N ewe, 

female sheep; ovea mas N ram, male sheep; oveal ADJ 

ovine; oveta N lamb 

oviduto N oviduct 

ovipari VI produce offspring via oviparity, lay eggs 

(biology); N spawn, frogspawn; oviparia N oviparity; 

oviparinte ADJ oviparous, egg-laying 

84 

ovn ABBR (= ojeto volante nonidentifiada) UFO, 

unidentified flying object 

ovo N egg; ovo bolida N boiled egg; ovo fritada N fried 

egg; ovos batada N scrambled eggs; ovos de pex N 

caviar 

ovovivipari VI give birth via ovoviviparity (biology); 

ovoviviparia N ovoviviparity; ovoviviparinte ADJ 

ovoviviparous 

ovulo N ovum; ovuli VT ovulate; N ovulation 

ozon N ozone 

P /pe/ N P (letter) 

P 

p ABBR (= paje, pajes) p, pp, page, pages 

pacarana N pacarana (mammal: species Dinomys 

branickii) 

pacidermo N pachyderm (thick-skinned mammal such as 

elephant, rhinoceros, hippopotamus) 

pacimetro N caliper 

Pacistan N Pakistan; pacistani ADJ N Pakistani (person) 

paco N pack; despaci V unpack; N unpacking; paceta N 

package, packet, parcel; deck, pack (of cards); paci VT 

pack, package; N packing; pacida ADJ packed, 

packaged 

padela N pan, frying pan, skillet 

padre N father; padral ADJ paternal; paternity (leave); 

padre de batiza N godfather; padre futur N father-tobe; 

padre par lege N stepfather; padre par sposi N 

father-in-law; padre sin sposa N single father; 

padria N fatherhood, paternity; padrin ADJ fatherly; N 

father figure, godfather; padron N patriarch, master, 

lord, boss 

pagan ADJ N pagan, heathen, gentile 

pagoda N pagoda 

paia VT pay, compensate, remunerate, finance; N payment, 

fee, charge, compensation, remuneration; paia 

ajuntada N surcharge, additional payment, premium; 

paia de asecura N insurance premium; paia de 

conjesta N congestion charge; paia en partes V pay by 

installments (US), pay by instalments (Br), pay on 

account; N payment by installments (US), payment by 

instalments (Br), payment on account; paia mensal N 

monthly payment; paia partal N part payment, 

installment (US), instalment (Br); paia per V pay for; 

paia per despedi N severance pay; paia per maneja N 

administration charge, management fee; paia per 

servi N service charge; paia sento euros a algun per 

se aida V pay someone a hundred euros for their help; 

paior de imposta N taxpayer; prepaia V prepay; N 

prepayment; prepaiada ADJ prepaid; pay-as-you-go 

(phone); repaia V repay, pay back, refund, reimburse; N 

repayment, refund, reimbursement 

pais N country, land; estra la pais ADJ ADV out of the 

country, abroad; pais de nase N native land; pais

propre N homeland, motherland, fatherland; paisan N 

(fellow) countryman, countrywoman 

paje N page (of book), sheet of paper; paje de ueb N web 

page; paje HTML N HTML page; paje prima N home 

page (of website); pajeria (de ueb) N website 

pajo N page; knave, jack, valet (tarot cards) 

pal ADJ pale, pallid; light (in color); pali ADJ become pale, 

turn pale, fade 

pala N shovel, spade; paleta N palette; trowel (for mortar, 

plaster) 

paladio N palladium (element) 

palanca N crowbar 

palasio N palace; palasin ADJ palatial 

palato N palate (anatomy); palatal ADJ N palatal 

(consonant); palatali VI palatalize; palato dur N hard 

palate (anatomy); palato fendeda N cleft palate; palato 

mol N soft palate, velum (anatomy) 

paleolitica ADJ N Paleolithic (US), Palaeolithic (Br) 

paleontolojia N paleontology (US), palaeontology (Br); 

paleontolojial ADJ paleontological (US), 

palaeontological (Br) 

paleosene ADJ N paleocene (geology) 

paleozoica ADJ N paleozoic (geology) 

pali ADJ Pali (language) 

palia N straw (dried stalk) 

paliaso N clown (traditional European) 

palindrom N palindrome 

palma N palm (of hand; tree: family Arecaceae); leje de 

palma N palm-reading, palmistry; palma de mano N 

palm of the hand 

palo N pole, post, rod, stake; palo de dirije N signpost, 

guidepost; palon N pylon, caber 

palpa VT touch, feel, handle, palpate; N (sense of) touch; 

palpable ADJ palpable, tactile, tangible 

palpebra N eyelid; palpebri VT blink 

palpita VI palpitate, throb; N palpitation 

pan N bread; pan pascual N paska (Easter bread); pan 

tostada N toast (bread); paneria N bakery; paneta N 

bread roll, bun; paneta de salsix N hot dog roll, bun; 

panor N baker 

Panama N Panama; panaman ADJ N Panamanian 

panamerican ADJ pan-American 

panarabi ADJ pan-Arabian 

pancreas N pancreas (anatomy) 

panda N panda (mammal: species Ailuropoda 

melanoleuca) 

pandemica ADJ N pandemic 

Pandjab N Punjab; pandjabi ADJ N Punjabi (person, 

language) 

panel N panel, panelling; panel a lado N sidebar; panel 

de comuta N control panel (of switches or plugs), 

plugboard; panel de strumentos N instrument panel, 

control panel, dashboard; panel de toca N touchpad 

pangolin N pangolin (mammal: genus Manis) 

panica VI panic; VT panic, frighten, scare; N panic, frenzy, 

stampede; panicada ADJ panicked, frightened, scared 

panorama VI pan (audio, video); N panorama; 

panoramador N pan control, pan pot 

pantala N (pair of) short pants (US), short trousers (Br), 

shorts, trunks, breeches; pantala de boxor N (pair of) 

boxer shorts, boxers; pantala de jenos N (pair of) kneelength 

shorts, Bermuda shorts; pantala de nada N (pair 

of) swimming shorts, (long) swimming trunks; pantala 

de sicliste N (pair of) cycling shorts; pantala faldin N 

(pair of) culottes; skort; pantaleta N (pair of) 

underpants, undershorts (US), shorts (US), pants (Br); 

(pair of) panties (US), knickers (Br); pantaleta de 

bicini N (pair of) bikini bottoms; pantalon N (pair of) 

pants (US), trousers (Br), slacks; pantalon de anca N 

(pair of) hipsters, hip-huggers (with low waist); 

pantalon de carga N (pair of) cargo pants; pantalon de 

cavalor N (pair of) jodhpurs; pantalon de sporte N 

(pair of) sweatpants (US), tracksuit bottoms (Br), 

jogging bottoms (Br); pantalon de stribos N (pair of) 

ski pants, stirrup pants, salopettes (Br) 

pantan N swamp, marsh, bog, mire, quagmire; 

pantaneria N paludarium; pantanosa ADJ swampy, 

marshy, boggy 

panteon N pantheon 

pantera N panther (mammal: species Felis pardus) 

pantofla N slipper; pantofli VT beslipper (put slippers 

onto); shuffle 

papa N dad, daddy, pop (US), papa (informal: father) 

papagaio N parrot, parakeet, budgerigar (bird: family 

Family Psittacidae); papagaio de mar N puffin (bird: 

genus Fratercula) 

papaia N papaya (fruit: species Carica papaya); papaio N 

papaya tree (tree: species Carica papaya) 

paparazo N paparazzo 

papavera N poppy (plant: genus Papaver) 

pape N pope, pontiff; papal ADJ papal, pontifical; papia N 

papacy 

paper N paper; paper de aluminio N aluminum foil (US), 

aluminium foil (Br), tin foil; paper de carbono N 

carbon paper; paper de donadas N wrapping paper, 

giftwrap; paper de mur N wallpaper; paper de pH N 

litmus paper; paper de vason N toilet paper; paper 

maxada N papier mache; paper raspante N sandpaper; 

paper secinte N blotting paper; paper de stanio N tin 

foil; papereria N stationery store, stationer's; paperor N 

paperhanger, wallpaperer; stationer 

papiamentu N Papiamento (language) 

papila N papilla (protuberance); papila de sabor N taste 

bud 

papilio N butterfly, moth, lepidopteran (insect: genus 

Papilio); papilio de dia N butterfly; papilio de note N 

moth; papilio de vestes N clothes moth 

papiro N papyrus (paper; plant: genus Cyperus papyrus) 

paprica N paprika (spice made from species Capsicum 

annuum) 

Papua e Gine Nova N Papua New Guinea; papuan ADJ N 

Papuan 

papula N papule, pimple 

85

par PREP (done, made) by (passive); by means of, using, 

via (a method, an action); by (a difference); because of, 

due to; multiplied by, times [short for “multiplida par”] 

para VI stop, end, halt, adjourn; N stop, adjournment; 

INTERJ stop, wait, slow down, whoa; nonparable ADJ 

unstoppable; nonparante ADJ nonstop; 

parabaleta (comp) N bulletproofing, bulletproof vest; 

parabus (comp) N bus stop; paracade (comp) N 

parachute; paracador N paratrooper; paracolico (comp) 

N antispasmodic; paracolpa (comp) N bumper (of 

vehicle); paraconstipa (comp) N purgative, laxative; 

paracua (comp) N waterproof container, watertight 

container, wetsuit; paradeluvia (comp) N levee, flood 

barrier; paradiarea (comp) N antidiarrheal drug (US), 

antidiarrhoeal drug (Br); paradole (comp) N painkiller, 

analgesic; parador N barrier; parafango (comp) N 

mudguard, fender (US); parafebre (comp) N febrifuge, 

antipyretic; paraflama (comp) N flame-retardant; 

parafoco (comp) N fire screen, fire door; firewall 

(software); paragota (comp) N coaster, drinks mat, 

beermat; paragravita (comp) N g-suit, gravity suit; 

paralampa (comp) N lampshade; paralampo (comp) N 

lightning rod, lightning conductor; paramar (comp) N 

dyke, dike, sea embankment; paramorde (comp) N 

muzzle (to prevent biting or, metaphorically, speaking); 

paransia (comp) N anxiolytic (drug); parapluve (comp) 

N umbrella; parario (pararío) (comp) N dam (of river); 

parasol (comp) N parasol, sun umbrella; 

paratose (comp) N cough medicine, antitussive; 

paraventa (comp) N windshield (US), windscreen (Br); 

paravide (comp) = N screen (furniture); 

paraxoca (comp) N shock absorber 

parabola N parable; parabola 

parada VI parade; N parade 

paradiso N paradise, heaven 

paradox N paradox; paradoxal ADJ paradoxical; ADV 

paradoxically 

parafil ADJ N paraphiliac; parafilia N paraphilia 

parafrase VT N paraphrase 

paragraf N paragraph 

Paraguai N Paraguay; paraguai ADJ N Paraguayan 

paralax N parallax 

paralel ADJ parallel, equivalent; N parallel, equivalent 

paralelepipedo ADJ parallelepipedal; N parallelepiped 

paralelogram ADJ parallelogrammatic; N parallelogram 

paralise VT paralyze (US), paralyse (Br); N paralysis; 

paraliseda N paralytic (person) 

parametre N parameter; parametri VT parameterize; N 

parameterization 

paramilitar ADJ paramilitary 

paranoia N paranoia; paranoiosa ADJ paranoid 

parapeto N parapet 

parasito N parasite; parasital ADJ parasitic 

paratiroide ADJ N parathyroid (anatomy) 

parce N park (public garden); parce de autos N parking 

lot, car park; parce de divertis N fairground, 

amusement park; parce de venta N wind farm; parci VT 

park (vehicle) 

86 

pardalote N pardalote (bird: genus Pardalotus) 

pardona VT forgive, pardon; N forgiveness, clemency, 

mercy; INTERJ sorry; demanda pardona V apologize, 

beg forgiveness; nonpardona N grudge, resentment; 

pardona de imposta N tax break; pardona me INTERJ 

pardon me, excuse me, sorry; pardonosa ADJ merciful 

pare VI (copula) seem, look (as if), appear, give the 

impression (visual or otherwise); N appearance, look, 

semblance; el pare laborante he seems to be working; 

la aira pare fria the air seems cold, the air feels cold; 

pare ce it seems that, it appears that; pare fria asi it 

seems cold here, it feels cold here; parente ADJ 

apparent, ostensible; ADV apparently, ostensibly 

parfe N parfait 

parfum N perfume 

pari VT give birth; N giving birth, childbirth, parturition; 

ante pari ADJ prenatal (woman); pos pari ADJ postnatal 

(woman) 

paria N pariah 

parla VT speak, talk; N speech, discourse; bonparla N 

eloquence; bonparlante ADJ well-spoken, eloquent, 

articulate; par parla ADV by speaking, by word of 

mouth; parla como la papa V pontificate; parla de, 

parla sur V speak of, talk about; parla monotonosa V 

speak monotonously, drone on; parlada ADJ spoken, 

voice; parlador N loudspeaker, speaker (device); 

parlante ADJ speaking; ADV aloud, out loud (not 

silently); parleta V N chat, natter, chatter; parleta 

video V video-chat; N video chatting; parlor N speaker 

(person) 

parlamento N parliament, congress (elected legislative 

body); parlamental ADJ parliamentary; parlamento sin 

majoria N hung parliament 

parmesan N parmesan (cheese) 

paro N tit, titmouse, chickadee (bird: family Paridae) 

parocia N parish; casa de parocior N vicarage, rectory; 

parocial ADJ parochial; parocian N parishioner; 

parocior N parish priest, vicar, rector 

parodia VT N parody 

parola N word; parola cortes N euphemism; parola de 

moda N fashionable word, buzzword; parola grilida N 

hashtag; parola nova N neologism; parola secreta N 

password; parolas crusada N PL crossword puzzle; 

parolas tecnical N PL terminology, jargon; paroleta N 

particle (grammar); parolor N wordsmith; parolosa ADJ 

wordy, verbose; parolosia N wordiness, verbosity, 

verbiage 

parotite N mumps, epidemic parotitis 

Parsa N Persia (ancient) 

parsec N parsec (measure) 

parte N part, portion, section, division, segment, partition, 

installment (US), instalment (Br); share, ration; a no 

parte ADV nowhere; partal ADJ partial; ADV partially, 

partly; parte reservada N spare part 

parteni VI belong, affiliate; N affiliation, membership 

parti VI depart, leave; N departure, parting; partinte 

de PREP starting from, leaving from 

Partia N Parthia; partian ADJ N Parthian

particula N particle, speck, grain, mote (physical object); 

particula beta N beta particle 

partisan ADJ partisan, partial (biased); N partisan; 

nonpartisan ADJ impartial 

partisipa VI participate, take part, partake; N participation; 

partisipante ADJ participating; N argument 

(mathematics, grammar); partisipor N participant 

partisipio N participle (grammar) 

partito N party (political), faction 

partitur N (musical) score, soundtrack; partituri VT score 

pas N peace; nonpasable ADJ implacable; pasi VT pacify, 

appease, placate; N pacification, appeasement, 

placation; pasisme N pacifism; pasiste N pacifist; 

pasosa ADJ peaceful, tranquil, docile, placid 

pasa VI pass (place, time), elapse; VT pass, overtake; 

spend (time); en pasa ADV in passing, by the way; en 

passant (chess); pasa la estate V summer, spend the 

summer; pasa la inverno V winter, spend the winter; 

pasa sin V do without, manage without; pasa tempo V 

pass time, idle; pasatempo (comp) N hobby, pastime, 

recreation; pasor N passer-by, passing traveler (US), 

passing traveller (Br) (not necessarily on foot); 

suprapasa V surpass, exceed, emulate, overshadow, 

outdo; N surplus, excess, profusion; suprapasa 

comersial N trade surplus; suprapasa de popla N 

overpopulation; suprapasada ADJ surpassed, 

overshadowed, dwarfed; suprapasante ADJ surpassing, 

exceeding, profuse 

pasada ADJ past, previous, former, ex-, earlier; ADV 

previously, formerly, once; N past (time); ante la du 

menses pasada ADV two months ago; de du menses 

pasada ADJ two months ago; en la pasada ADV in the 

past; en la pasada distante ADV in the distant past, 

long ago; en la semana pasada ADV last week; 

presidente pasada N ex-president; sposa pasada N 

ex-wife; sposo pasada N ex-husband 

pasaje N passage (travel, permission to travel, 

passageway, piece of text or music); pasaje nivel N 

level crossing, grade crossing (railroad); pasajor N 

passenger 

pasaporte N passport 

pasaro N sparrow (bird: genus Passeridae); pasaro 

american N New World sparrow (bird: family 

Emberizidae); pasaro de neva N snow finch (bird: 

genus Montifingilla) 

pascal N pascal (measure) 

pascual N Easter; de pascual ADJ Easter 

pasea VI walk, stroll; N walk, stroll; modo de pasea N 

gait; pasea de ganso N goose-step; pasea grande V 

stride; pasea grandiosa V strut; pasea laborosa V 

trudge, plod; pasea lunal V N moonwalk (dance); 

paseacorda N rope walker, tightrope walker, 

funambulist; paseador N treadmill (wheel, exercise 

machine); paseor N walker, pedestrian; paseor nova N 

toddler; paseria V walkway, sidewalk (US), pavement 

(Br); paseria rolante N moving walkway, travelator; 

paseta V tiptoe 

pasiente ADJ patient; N patient; nonpasiente ADJ 

impatient; nonpasientia N impatience; pasiente 

esterna N outpatient; pasiente ospitalida N inpatient; 

pasientia N patience 

pasifica ADJ Pacific; Mar Pasifica ADJ N Pacific Ocean 

pasiflora N passion flower (plant: genus Passiflora) 

pasigrafia N pasigraphy 

pasion N passion; nonpasionosa ADJ passionless, 

dispassionate; pasioni VT impassion; pasionosa ADJ 

passionate, impassioned 

pasiva ADJ passive; N passive (grammar); pasivia N 

passivity 

pasmacer N pacemaker 

paso N step (with foot, stage of process), footstep, tread; 

fa un malpaso V stumble, trip, misstep, make a 

mistake, make a faux pas; N misstep, faux pas; fa un 

paso V step, take a step, tread, pace; mal paso N 

misstep, faux pas; par pasos ADJ step-by-step; ADV step 

by step; paseta N tiny step; pason N stride, big step 

paspie N passepied (dance) 

pasta N pasta, paste, dough; pasta aplicable N spread, 

pâté, paste; pasta de dentes N toothpaste; pasta de 

modeli N plasticine, modeling clay (US), modelling clay 

(Br); pasta de torta N cake mix, cake batter; pasta 

dulse N pastry; pasta per frita N batter 

pastel ADJ N pastel; pastel de sira N crayon 

pasteuri VT pasteurize; N pasteurization 

pastix N pasticcio, pastiche 

pasto N pasture; come a pasto V graze; la Pastor N 

Bootes (constellation); pastor N herdsman, 

herdswoman, shepherd, shepherdess; pastor; 

pastoral ADJ pastoral 

pastrami N pastrami 

patata N potato (plant, root: species Solanum tuberosum); 

patata dulse N sweet potato (plant, root: species 

Ipomoea batatas); patatas fritada N PL French fries, 

chips (Br) 

patenta VT N patent 

patin N skate; patin de rotas N rollerskate; patineria N ice 

rink; patini VT skate; skid; patinor N skater 

patio N courtyard, (enclosed) yard, (enclosed) playground 

(of school), play area; patio de cultiveria N barnyard 

(US), farmyard (Br) 

pato N duck (bird: various members of family Anatidae); 

pateta N duckling 

patojen ADJ pathogenic; N pathogen, germ; 

nonpatojen ADJ nonpathogenic 

patolojia N pathology; patolojial ADJ pathological 

patriarcia N patriarchy 

patriota ADJ patriotic; N patriot; patriotisme N patriotism 

patriside VI commit patricide; N patricide (act); 

patrisidor N patricide (person) 

patrulia VT patrol; N patrol 

patxinco N pachinko (game) 

paund N pound sterling (money) 

pausa VI pause, wait; N pause, hiatus, break (from 

activity), stopover, wait 

87

pave VT pave; N paving 

pavlova N pavlova (dessert) 

pavo N turkey (bird: species Meleagris gallopavo); la 

Pavon N Pavo (constellation); pavon N peafowl, 

peacock, peahen (bird: genus Pavo) 

paxisi N parcheesi, pachisi (game) 

paxtu ADJ N Pashto (language); Pashtun (person) 

pc ABBR PC, personal computer; pc de table N desktop 

PC 

pd ABBR (= per dise) i.e., that is, that is to say, namely 

pe N name of letter P 

pe ABBR (= per esemplo) e.g., for example 

peca VI sin; N sin; peceta V commit a peccadillo; N 

peccadillo, minor infraction, indiscretion; pecor N 

sinner; pecosa ADJ sinful 

pecan N pecan (tree, nut: species Carya illinoinensis) 

pecari N peccary (mammal: family Tayassuidae) 

peco N pekoe (tea) 

pedal N pedal; pedali VT pedal 

pedante ADJ pedantic, fussy; N pedant; es pedante V be 

pedantic, quibble, split hairs; pedantia N pedantry 

pede N foot (anatomy, measure), base; pede de paje N 

footer; pedeta N paw; pedi VT kick; N kick; pedi 

prima V kick off; N kick-off, kickoff; pedor N kicker; 

ses pedes N fathom (measure) 

pediatria N pediatrics (US), paediatrics (Br); 

pediatrial ADJ pediatric (US), paediatric (Br); 

pediatriste N pediatrician (US), paediatrician (Br) 

pedionom N plains wanderer (wading bird) 

pedofil ADJ pedophiliac (US), paedophiliac (Br); N 

pedophile (US), paedophile (Br); pedofilia N pedophilia 

(US), paedophilia (Br) 

Pegaso N Pegasus (constellation, mythology) 

pel N skin, hide; despeli VT skin, flay, escoriate; pel cru N 

rawhide; pel mor N dead skin, slough; peleta N film 

(thin skin); peleta aderente N cling wrap (US), cling 

film (Br); sin pel ADJ skinless, skinned; su pel ADJ 

subcutaneous 

pelican N pelican (bird: genus Pelicanus) 

pelo N fur, hair (of animal), nap (of fabric), grain (of 

wood); contra la pelo N against the grain; pelosa ADJ 

furry, hairy, hirsute, shaggy 

pelux N plush (fabric); peluxeta N down, fluff; 

peluxetin ADJ fluffy, downy 

pelvis N pelvis 

pemfigo N pemphigus 

pen N pen (for writing); pen de bal N ballpoint pen, biro; 

pen de cartux N cartridge pen; pen de fonte N fountain 

pen; pen de pluma N quill (pen); peneta N pencil; 

peneta colorida N colored pencil (US), coloured pencil 

(Br), coloring pencil (US), colouring pencil (Br) 

pende VI hang, hang down, sag, droop; VT hang, suspend, 

dangle; pendador N hanger; gallows; pendejacon N 

coathook; pendente ADJ pendulous; pendeveste N 

coathanger; pendexapo N hatrack (US), hatstand (Br); 

pendor N hangman, executioner 

88 

pendulo N pendulum; swing (child's); penduli VI swing 

(back and forth) 

penetra VT penetrate, breach; N penetration 

penig N penny, pfennig, pingin 

penis N penis 

penisola N peninsula; penisolal ADJ peninsular 

penombra N penumbra 

pensa VT think; opine, hold an opinion; N thought, 

cognition; bonpensante ADJ well-thinking, rightminded; 

pensa ladal V think laterally, think outside the 

box; N lateral thought, lateral thinking, thinking outside 

the box; pensor N thinker; pensosa ADJ thoughtful 

pension N pension; pension de divorsa N alimony; 

pension de jubila N retirement pension 

pentagon ADJ pentagonal; N pentagon 

pentagram N staff (US), stave (Br) (music); pentagram, 

pentacle 

pentametre N pentameter 

pentecostal ADJ N Pentecostal 

pentecostalisme N Pentecostalism 

pentecoste N pentecost 

peon N peon, menial worker, unfree laborer (US), unfree 

labourer (Br); foot soldier, pawn (chess) 

peonia N peony (plant: genus Paeonia) 

peote N peyote (plant: Lophophora williamsii) 

peper N (black, white) pepper (plant, seed: species Piper 

nigrum); molin de peper N pepper mill, pepper grinder 

peperomia N peperomia (plant: genus Peperomia) 

peperon N (hot, sweet, bell) pepper (plant, pod: species 

Capsicum annuum); peperon roja N red pepper; 

peperon verde N green pepper, bell pepper; salsix de 

peperon N pepperoni (sausage) 

per PREP (beneficiary) for; (reason) for; (time period) for; 

(trade) in exchange for; (distribution) for each, per; on 

behalf of; in order to, to; paia per ora N pay rate per 

hour; per ce ADV why, for what, wherefore; per ci for 

whom (relative); per ci ADV for whom; per cual for 

which (relative); per si CONJ in case 

pera N pear; pero N pear tree (tree: genus Pyrus) 

perca N perch (fish: genus Perca) 

percuse VT percuss; tap (medical); N percussion; 

percusiste N percussionist 

perde VT lose, misplace; miss (bus, train, connection, etc); 

N loss; bon perde INTERJ good riddance; 

nonperdente ADJ lossless (compression); perde de 

consensia N blackout, loss of consciousness; perde de 

lus N blackout; perde se pel V shed one's skin; 

perdeda ADJ lost, stray (dog, cat), astray; perdeda a 

mar ADJ lost at sea, shipwrecked; N castaway; perdeda 

en batalia ADJ missing in action, MIA; perdente ADJ 

losing; lossy (compression); perdor N loser 

perdis N partridge (bird: family Phasianidae); perdis 

blanca N ptarmigan (bird: genus Lagopus) 

peregrina VI peregrinate, make a pilgrimage; N 

peregrination, pilgrimage; peregrinor N pilgrim 

perene ADJ N perennial, evergreen

perfeta ADJ perfect; ADV perfectly, by heart; 

nonperfeta ADJ imperfect, defective; N imperfection, 

defect, flaw; perfeti VI perfect; perfetisme N 

perfectionism; perfetiste ADJ N perfectionist 

perfora VT perforate, pierce, punch (hole); N puncture; 

nonperforada ADJ imperforate; perforador N punch 

pergamin N parchment; rola de pergamin N scroll 

pergola N pergola, arbor (US), arbour (Br) 

peri VT waste, misuse, squander; N waste; nonperosa ADJ 

efficient; ADV efficiently; nonperosa de enerjia ADJ 

energy-efficient; nonperosia N efficiency; perosa ADJ 

wasteful, inefficient, prodigal; ADV wastefully, 

inefficiently; perosia N wastefulness, inefficiency 

perielio N perihelion 

periferia N periphery; periferial ADJ peripheral 

perijeo N perigee 

peril N danger, hazard, peril; perili VT endanger, imperil, 

compromise; perilida ADJ endangered, at risk; 

perilosa ADJ dangerous, hazardous, perilous 

perila N perilla (plant: genus Perilla) 

perimetre N perimeter, circumference 

perinatal ADJ perinatal 

perineo N perineum (anatomy) 

periodo N period (of time); nonperiodal ADJ irregular, 

sporadic, intermittent; periodal ADJ periodic, regular; 

ADV periodically, regularly; periodo de condena N 

sentence (prison); periodo de incuba N incubation 

period; periodo de ofisia N term of office, tenure 

peritoneo N peritoneum (anatomy) 

perjura VI perjure; N perjury 

perla N pearl; perleta N bead; perlin ADJ pearly 

perma VT perm; N perm, permanent wave (hair treatment) 

permane VI remain, continue, stay, overstay; N 

permanence; permanente ADJ permanent, long-term 

permea VT permeate, pervade; N permeation; 

nonpermeable ADJ impermeable, hermetic, waterproof, 

airtight; permeable ADJ permeable; permeada ADJ 

permeated 

permete VT allow, permit, let, authorize, grant, condone; N 

permission, authorization, right, license (US), licence 

(Br); es permeteda V be permitted, be allowed; fuma 

no es permeteda you may not smoke, no smoking; 

nonpermeteda ADJ disallowed, forbidden, 

unauthorized; N no-no; permete a se V allow oneself 

(to do), afford (to do); permete entra V admit, allow 

entry; permete poesial N poetic license (US), poetic 

licence (Br); permetente ce CONJ although, granted 

that 

permian ADJ N permian (geology) 

permuta VT permutate; N permutation 

perogi N pierogi, perogi, pierogy, perogy 

peroxisoma N peroxisome 

perpendicular ADJ N perpendicular (geometry) 

persegue VT persecute; N persecution 

persento N percent, percentage, percentage point; 

sincodes persentos N fifty percent 

Perseo N Perseus (constellation, mythology) 

persepi VT perceive, notice, realize, detect, discern; N 

perception; interpretation, point of view; fa ce (algun) 

persepi V call attention to, draw attention to; fasil 

persepable ADJ salient, conspicuous, standing out; 

malpersepi VT misperceive, mistake for; N 

misperception, (optical) illusion; persepable ADJ 

perceptible, noticeable, tangible; persepinte ADJ 

perceptive, discerning 

persil N parsley (plant: species Petroselinum crispum) 

persiste VI persist, persevere, linger; N persistence, 

perseverance; persistente ADJ persistent, lingering 

person N person; no person PRON no one, nobody; per 

person ADJ per person, per capita, per head; person de 

mundo N socialite; person matur N grown-up, adult; 

person nondesirada N persona non grata; 

personal ADJ personal; ADV personally; persones N PL 

people (individuals), persons; staff (of organization); 

personi VI VT personify; N personification, epitome 

perspetiva N perspective 

pertine VI pertain, relate, be relevant, apply; N pertinence, 

relevance; nonpertine N irrelevance; 

nonpertinente ADJ irrelevant, invalid; pertinente ADJ 

pertinent, relevant, valid 

pertuse N pertussis, whooping cough 

Peru N Peru; peruan ADJ N Peruvian (person) 

peruca N wig, toupee; peruceta N hairpiece, hair 

attachment 

perverti VT pervert; N perversion; pervertida ADJ 

perverse, perverted 

perxa N perch (as of bird); perxi VT perch 

pesa VT weigh (have weight, measure weight); N weight 

(measure); pesador N scales, weighing machine; 

pesosa ADJ heavy, ponderous; tro pesosa ADJ 

overweight; burdensome, onerous 

pesca N peach (fruit); pesco N peach tree (tree: species 

Prunus persica) 

pesimiste ADJ pessimistic; N pessimist; pesimisme N 

pessimism 

peso N piece, fragment, slice; patch (cloth); literary work, 

play (theatre), musical piece, track (of album); 

(building) lot, plot (of land); a pesos ADV in pieces, to 

pieces, apart; de du pesos ADJ two-piece; de 

pesos ADJ patchwork; de sola un peso ADJ all-in-one; 

de un peso ADJ one-piece; peseta N tidbit, morsel, stub 

(of pencil, cigarette); crumb; peson N chunk, hunk, 

wodge; repara con pesos V patch 

peso N peso (money) 

pesta VT plague; N pestilence, plague 

peste N pest 

pestiside N pesticide 

peta VT fart (informal: break wind); N fart 

petal N petal 

peten N comb; despeteni V dishevel, mess up (hair); 

despetenida V dishevelled, uncombed, messy, tangled; 

peteni VT comb 

peti ADJ small, little; N little thing, little one; VI become 

89

smaller, shrink 

petirosa N European robin (bird: species Erithacus 

rubecula) 

peto N chest (of body), breast (whole chest; poultry); peto 

e testa N bust (sculpture) 

petra N stone (substance, object); petra de milia N 

milestone; petra de molin N millstone, grindstone; 

petra de tomba N tombstone, gravestone; petra 

focosa N flint, firestone; petri VI VT petrify; N 

petrification; petrin ADJ stonelike, stony; petror N 

mason; petrosa ADJ stony, full of stones 

petrel N petrel (bird: family Procellariidae, family 

Hydrobatidae, family Pelecanoididae) 

petrodolar N petrodollar 

petrolio N (crude) oil, petroleum, kerosene, paraffin 

petrolojia N petrology 

petronia N rock sparrow (bird: genus Petronia) 

petunia N petunia (plant, genus Petunia) 

pex N fish; la Pex Sude N Piscis Austrinus (constellation); 

la Pex Volante N Volans (constellation); la Pexes N 

Pisces (constellation); pex gatin N catfish (fish: order 

Siluriformes); pex linguin N tonguefish (fish: family 

Cynoglossidae); pex oro N goldfish (fish: species 

Carassius auratus); pex plata N flatfish (fish: order 

Pleuronectiformes); pexeta (de acua dulse) N minnow 

(fish: subfamily Leuciscinae and others) 

pexa VT fish (for); N fishing; pexa de ueb N phishing; 

pexor N fisherman; kingfisher (bird: suborder 

Alcedines); pexor de ueb N phisher 

pf ABBR (= per favore) please 

pH ABBR pH 

pi N pi (Greek letter) 

pia VI tweet, beep, squeak; N tweet, beep, squeak; pia 

longa V N squeal 

piafa VI N stamp (feet) 

piamadre N pia mater (anatomy) 

piano N piano; pianiste N pianist; piano de rola N 

pianola, player piano 

piastre N piastre, piaster (money) 

pibgorn N pibgorn (Welsh instrument) 

pica VT sting, peck, prick; N sting; picador N stinger; 

picor N woodpecker (bird: subfamily Picinae) 

pica N pika (mammal: species Ochotona minor) 

picatarte N rockfowl (bird: genus Picathartes) 

picnica VI N picnic 

pico ADJ tiny, minuscule, minute; N bit, dash, pinch, 

smidgen, soupçon, speck, spot, tad, trace, trifle; ADV 

slightly, a little; picia N tininess, minuteness; pico de 

sal N pinch of salt; pico e pico ADV little by little 

pico- PREF pico- [× 10^-12] 

picolo N piccolo 

picon N pickaxe 

piga N magpie (bird: genus Pica, genus Urocissa, genus 

Cissa, genus Cyanopica) 

pigmento N pigment, pigmentation 

90 

pigmeo N pygmy 

pigra ADJ lazy, languid, idle; N lazy person, lazybones, 

idler; pigri VI laze, loiter, idle, dawdle, tarry; pigria N 

laziness, idleness 

pijama N (pair of) pajamas (US), pyjamas (Br) 

(nightwear; loose trousers) 

pijin N pidgin (language) 

pijon N pigeon, dove (bird: family Columbidae); la 

Pijon N Columba (constellation); pijoneria N dovecot, 

dovecote 

pil N pill, tablet; pil de doman N morning-after pill 

pila VT pile, heap, stack; N pile, heap, stack; battery 

pilastro N pilaster 

Pilipinas N PL Philippines; pilipina ADJ N Philippine (of 

the Philippines) 

pilori N pillory, stocks; pilori VT pillory 

piloro N pylorus (anatomy) 

pilote N pilot; autopilote N autopilot 

pilsen N pils, pilsner, pilsener (beer) 

pimento N allspice, pimento, Jamaica pepper (plant: 

species Pimenta dioica) 

pimpinela scarlata N scarlet pimpernel (plant: genus 

Anagallis) 

pina N fin 

pinaculo N pinnacle, spire, steeple 

pinbal N pinball, flipper (game) 

pingpong N ping-pong, table tennis 

pinguin N penguin (bird: family Spheniscidae) 

piniacolada N piña colada 

pinion N gear, sprocket, pinion; pinion cono N bevel gear; 

pinion elica N helical gear 

pino N pine (tree: genus Pinus) 

pinse N (pair of) pliers, tongs, pincers; pinse medical N 

(pair of) forceps; pinseta N (pair of) tweezers; pinsi VT 

pinch, nip, tweeze 

pinson N finch (bird: family Fringillidae) 

pinta N paint; pinta de acua N water-based paint; pinta 

de corpo N body paint; pinta de emulsion N emulsion 

paint; pinta de fas N facepaint; pinta de olio N oil 

paint, oil-based paint; pinti VT paint; N painting; pinti 

mural N mural; pintida ADJ painted; pintilabio N 

lipstick; pintisil N mascara; pintiungia N nail polish; 

pintor N painter; pintor: la Pintor N Pictor 


pioio N louse (insect: order Phthiraptera) 

piopio N piopio (bird: genus Turnagra) 

pipa N pipe (smoking); pipa de acua N water pipe 

(smoking), hookah, bong; pipeta N pipette 

pipal N pipal, sacred fig, bo-tree (tree: species Ficus 

religiosa) 

pipilo N towhee (bird: genus Pipilo) 

pip-pip INTERJ squeak (mouse); tweet (bird); peep, cheep 

(chick) 

piramide N pyramid

pirania N piranha (bird: tribe Piranha) 

pirata N pirate; pirata de rede N hacker, cracker; piratia N 

piracy 

piromania N pyromania; piromanica ADJ pyromaniacal; N 

pyromaniac 

pirometral ADJ pyrometric 

pirotecnica N pyrotechnics (art); pirotecnical ADJ 

pyrotechnical; N firework display 

pirueta VI N pirouette 

pisa N piss, pee (informal: urine); pisi VT piss, pee 

(informal: urinate) 

pisea N spruce (tree: genus Picea) 

pisin ADJ N Tok Pisin (language) 

pisina N swimming pool 

piso N pea (plant, seed: species Pisum sativum) 

pistaxo N pistachio (tree, nut: species Pistacia vera) 

pistol N pistol; pistol de cola N glue gun; pistol per 

solda N soldering gun 

piston N piston 

pita N pitta (bird: genus Pitta) 

piton N python (reptile: family Pythonidae) 

pitui N pitohui (bird: genus Pitohui) 

pitur N picture, painting, drawing, photo, graphic, image; 

autopitur N self-portrait; pitur personal N portrait; 

pitural ADJ pictorial; pituri VT picture, illustrate, depict 

(present as a picture); piturin ADJ picturesque 

pivote VI pivot, swing round 

pixa N cock, dick, prick (informal: penis) 

pixel N pixel; pixeli VI VT pixellate; N pixellation 

piza N pizza 

pizicato N pizzicato 

placa VT plate; N plating; plate (photographic, 

mechanical); plaque (tablet); placa de veculo N vehicle 

registration plate, license plate (US), licence plate (Br), 

number plate; placa dental N dental plaque 

plaia N beach, shore 

plajia VT plagiarize; N plagiarism; plajior N plagiarist 

plana ADJ flat (not bumpy), plane, planar; N plane 

(surface), counter (surface); plana distante N long shot 

(photographic); plana prosima N close-up 

(photographic); planador N plane, planing tool, planer; 

plani VI plane 

plance N board; plance de lava N washboard; plance de 

neva N snowboard; plance de surfa N surfboard 

plancton N plankton 

planeta N planet; planeteria N planetarium; 

planeterieta N orrery; planeteta N minor planet, 

asteroid; planeton N giant planet; planeton de gas N 

gas giant 

planetesimo N planetesimal 

plano N plain (flat land), pampas; plano alta N plateau, 

high plain, mesa, altiplano, paramo; plano deluvial N 

flood plain 

planta VT plant; N plant; desplantador N trowel (for 

gardening); planta infestante N weed; plantas N PL 

plants, vegetation 

planta N sole (of foot); planta de sapato N sole (of shoe) 

plantano N plantain (fruit: species Musa acuminata, 

species Musa balbisiana) 

plantigrada ADJ plantigrade 

plase VT please; N pleasingness, pleasantness, 

agreeableness; desplase V displease; N displeasure; 

desplasente ADJ disagreeable, unpleasant, displeasing, 

nasty, horrid; ADV disagreeably, unpleasantly, 

displeasingly; lo plase me it pleases me, I like it; 

nonplasente ADJ unpleasant, disagreeable; 

plaseda ADJ pleased; plasente ADJ pleasing, pleasant, 

agreeable, complaisant; ADV pleasingly, pleasantly, 

agreeably 

plasebo ADJ N placebo 

plasenta N placenta; plasental ADJ placental 

plaser N pleasure, enjoyment; nonplaseroas ADJ 

unpleasurable, unenjoyable; ADV unpleasurably, 

unenjoyably; plaser odiosa N schadenfreude; plaser 

vergoniosa N guilty pleasure; plaserosa ADJ 

pleasurable, enjoyable; ADV pleasurably, enjoyably 

plasma N plasma 

plasmasite N plasmacyte 

plastica ADJ plastic; N plastic; plastica de vitro N glassreinforced 

plastic, fiberglass (US), fibreglass (Br) 

plata ADJ flat (level and thin), flattened; plati VI flatten 

plataforma N platform (all senses), rostrum, dais; 

plataforma de predica N pulpit 

platdeutx ADJ N Plattdeutsch, Low Saxon, Low German 

(language) 

platielminto N flatworm, platyhelminthes (phylum 

Platyhelminthes) 

platino N platinum (element) 

plato N plate, dish; course (of meal); lava la platos N 

wash the dishes, do the washing-up; plateta N saucer; 

plato de disco N turntable; plato de la dia N dish of the 

day; plato de Petri N Petri dish; plato prima N starter, 

first course; platon N platter, tray; platon de esflue N 

output tray 

plaza N plaza, (town) square 

plectro N plectrum 

plen ADJ full, filled, -ful; ADV fully; es plen de V be full 

of, abound in, be rife with; pleni VI VT fill, stuff, stock; 

N filling, stuffing (act); pleni la spasio V fill in the 

blank; plenia N fullness, satiety; pleniboca (comp) N 

mouthful; plenida ADJ filled, fed up; plenimano (comp) 

N handful; pleninte ADJ filling; N filling, stuffing 

(substance); plenioio (comp) N eyeful; 

pleniorea (comp) N earful; repleni V refill, replenish; N 

refill, replenishment 

pleso N complex; plexus 

plestosene ADJ N pleistocene (geology) 

pleura N pleura (anatomy) 

plia VT fold, bend, crease, tuck; N fold, crease, tuck; 

furrow; sulcus (anatomy); desplia /desplía/ V unfold; 

plia de codo N crook of the arm; plia de jeno N crook 

of the leg, back of the knee; genuflection, genuflexion; 

91

plia de jenos N curtsey; plia de tempo N time warp; 

plia se fronte V furrow one's brow; plia se jenos V 

curtsey; plia se oios V squint (half-close the eyes); plia 

un jeno V genuflect; plia vosal N vocal fold, vocal 

cord; plieta V wrinkle, shrivel, crumple, wither; N 

wrinkle, crinkle; plietosa ADJ wrinkled, shriveled, 

wizened, crumpled, crinkled, crinkly 

pliosene ADJ N pliocene (geology) 

plisa VT N pleat 

plomo N lead (element); plomor N plumber 

plora VT cry, weep; ploreta V N whimper 

ploton N platoon 

plu ADJ PRENOM more, additional, extra; ADV more; 

anymore (US), any more (Br) (time), any further, any 

longer; in addition, besides, moreover; a la plu ADV at 

most; la plu ADJ PRENOM most, the majority of; ADV the 

most, the maximum; no plu ADV no longer, no more, 

not anymore (US), not any more (Br) (time); per la 

plu ADV mostly, for the most part, by far; plu fria 

ca colder than; plu intereresante ca more interesting 

than; plu ca nesesada more than necessary, excessive, 

superfluous, redundant; plu e plu ADV more and more, 

ever more; plu me deveni vea, min me recorda the 

older I get, the less I remember; plu me leje, min me 

sabe the more I read, the less I know; plu o min ADV 

more or less, approximately; plu me senta, plu me 

deveni fria the more I sit, the colder I get 

pluf N splash, plop, splat (sound); INTERJ splash, splat; 

plufi VI splash, plop, splat (make sound) 

pluma N feather; desplumi V pluck (feathers); plumi VT 

feather (cover with feathers); plumon N plume 

(feathers, smoke) 

plumbago N plumbago (plant: genus Plumbago) 

plumeria N plumeria, frangipani (plant: genus Plumeria) 

plural ADJ N plural (grammar) 

Pluto N Pluto (planet, mythology) 

plutocrata N plutocrat 

plutonio N plutonium (element) 

pluve VI rain; N rain; pluveta V drizzle, be misty; N 

drizzle, mist; pluvon N downpour; pluvosa ADJ rainy 

pluvial N plover (wading bird: subfamily Charadriinae); 

pluvial de Egipte N Egyptian plover (wading bird: 

species Pluvianus aegyptius); pluvial de Magalan N 

Magellanic plover (wading bird: species Pluvianellus 

socialis) 

pm ABBR (= pos mediadia) p.m. 

pneumonia N pneumonia 

poca DET few (in number), little (quantity); ADV slightly, 

little; PRON few, little; poca min (ca) ADJ little less, 

little fewer (than); ADV little less (than); poca plu 

(ca) ADJ little more, few more (than); ADV little less 

(than); poci VI VT reduce in quantity; un poca de ADJ a 

little, a few 

pocer N poker (game) 

podcasta VT N podcast 

podolojia N podiatry, chiropody; podolojiste N podiatrist, 

chiropodist 

92 

poesia N poem, verse; poetry; mal poesia N bad poetry, 

doggerel; poesia de lamenta N elegy; poesial ADJ 

poetic (to do with poetry); poesin ADJ poetic 

(resembling poetry); poesiste N poet 

pogrom N pogrom 

poi N poi 

polca N polka (dance) 

polder N polder 

polen N pollen; autopoleni VI self-pollinate; N selfpollination, 

autogamy; estrapoleni VI cross-pollinate; N 

cross-pollination, allogamy; poleni VT pollinate; N 

pollination 

polex N pollex (medical: thumb) 

poliandria N polyandry 

poliedro ADJ polyhedral; N polyhedron 

poliester N polyester; de poliester ADJ polyester 

polifonia N polyphony; polifonial ADJ polyphonic 

poligala N milkwort (plant: genus Polygala) 

poligamia N polygamy; poligamiste ADJ polygamous; N 

polygamist 

poligon N polygon 

polijinia N polygyny 

polimer N polymer; polimeri VI VT polymerize, 

polymerization; polimeria N polymerism; 

polimerosa ADJ polymeric, polymerous 

polimorfe ADJ polymorphic; polimorfia N polymorphism 

Polinesia Franses N French Polynesia; polinesian ADJ N 

Polynesian 

polinomio N polynomial; polinomial ADJ polynomial 

poliomielite N poliomyelitis 

polioptila N gnatcatcher (bird: family Polioptilidae) 

polipo N polyp 

polisacarido N polysaccharide 

polisia N police (organization); polisieria N police station; 

polisior N police officer, policeman, policewoman, 

constable; polisior engles N bobby; polisior franses N 

gendarme 

polisilaba N polysyllable; polisilabal ADJ polysyllabic 

politecnical N polytechnic (school) 

politeiste /polite-iste/ ADJ polytheistic; N polytheist; 

politeisme /polite-isme/ N polytheism 

politica N politics; policy; politica esterna N foreign 

policy; politica interna N domestic policy; political ADJ 

political; ADV politically; politiciste N politician 

polivalente ADJ polyvalent 

polo N pole (axial, magnetic, electrical); polal ADJ polar; 

polali VI VT polarize; N polarization; polalia N polarity 

(electric, magnetic); polo de sielo N celestial pole; 

Polo Norde N North Pole; Polo Sude N South Pole 

polo N polo; polo de acua N water polo 

polonio N polonium (element) 

polpo N octopus (mollusc: order Octopoda) 

Polsca N Poland; polsce ADJ Polish (person, language) 

polso N wrist; cuff (of sleeve)

polvo N dust, powder; covre con polvo V (cover with) 

dust, (cover with) powder; despolvador N vacuum 

cleaner; despolvi VT dust; polvi VI turn to dust, (make 

into) powder, pulverize; polvin ADJ powdery; polvo de 

siera N sawdust; polvo de talco N talcum powder, baby 

powder; polvo negra N black powder, gunpowder; 

polvosa ADJ dusty 

poma N apple; poma de Adam N Adam's apple, laryngeal 

prominence; pomo N apple tree (tree: genus Malus) 

pomatostoma N Australian babbler (bird: genus 

Pomatostomus) 

pomela N grapefruit; pomelo N grapefruit tree (tree: 

species Citrus × paradisi) 

pompa N pump; la Pompa N Antlia (constellation); 

pompi VT pump; pompor N firefighter, fireman 

pompon N pompom, tassel 

pone VT put, place, lay, stick, put down; malpone V 

misplace; pone se en filo N get in line, queue up, form 

a queue; repone V replace (place again), put back, 

restore 

ponte N bridge (crossing, ship); ponte de pontones N 

pontoon bridge; ponte levable N drawbridge, lift 

bridge; ponteta N scaffold (gallows); ponti VT bridge; 

ponti la canion V bridge the gap; ponton N pontoon 

(boat) 

ponxe N punch (mixed drink) 

ponxo N poncho 

pop ADJ N pop (music) 

popa N stern (of ship); la Popa N Puppis (constellation) 

popcorn N popcorn 

popla N people (nation, community, ethnic group, one of 

the peoples of the world; but not individual persons), 

population; populace, (the) masses, (the) public; popla 

laborante N working people, working masses; popli VT 

populate; N population (act of populating); poplisme N 

populism; popliste N populist 

poplo N poplar (tree: genus Populus) 

popular ADJ popular (of the people; fashionable); 

populari VI VT popularize; N popularization; 

popularia N popularity 

por N pore; porosa ADJ porous 

porco N pig, swine (mammal: genus Sus); porceria N 

pigsty, pigpen; porceta N piglet; piggy bank; porcor N 

swineherd 

porcospina N porcupine (mammal: suborder 

Hystricomorpha) 

pornografia N pornography, porn; pornografial ADJ 

pornographic 

poro N leek (plant, vegetable: species Allium 

ampeloprasum) 

porselana N porcelain, china 

porta VT carry, bear; wear (clothes, etc); 

portabagaje (comp) N trunk (US), boot (Br) (of car); 

portabebe (comp) N baby sling, babycarrier; 

portable ADJ portable; N portable computer, laptop; 

portabroca (comp) N chuck; portabulbo (comp) N light 

socket; portacandela (comp) N candleholder; 

portaclave (comp) N keyring, keychain; 

portacoda (comp) N hair tie, scrunchie; 

portacua (comp) N water trough; portaculpa (comp) N 

scapegoat, fall guy, patsy; portada par aira ADJ 

airborne; portador N stand, holder, support; 

portafeno (comp) N trough, manger; 

portaferida (comp) N stretcher; portaferida rolante N 

gurney (US), (hospital) trolley (Br); portaflor (comp) N 

flowerpot; portafolio (comp) N portfolio, briefcase; 

portaganto (comp) N glovebox, glove compartment; 

portainca (comp) N inkstand; portainserta (comp) N 

stock (stem of plant receiving graft); portajoala (comp) 

N jewelry case (US), jewellery box (Br), casket; portalia 

(portalía) (comp) N garter belt (US), suspender belt (Br); 

portalibro (comp) N bookstand, lectern; 

portamone (comp) N wallet, purse; portaovo (comp) N 

egg cup; portapaper (comp) N file folder (US), folder 

(Br) (for papers); portapeca (comp) N sacrificial lamb, 

scapegoat, whipping boy; portapen (comp) N pen 

holder; portapenis (comp) N codpiece; 

portasene (comp) N ashtray; portaseno (comp) N bra, 

brassiere; portaseno de bicini N bikini top; 

portasigareta (comp) N cigarette holder; 

portaspada (comp) N scabbard; portaspino (comp) N 

pin cushion; portatela (comp) N towel rack, towel rail; 

portatorxa (comp) N torch holder; portaveste (comp) N 

clothes rack, clothes rod, clothes rail, clothes pole, 

clothes horse; portavion (comp) N aircraft carrier; 

portavose (comp) N spokesperson, spokesman, 

spokeswoman; portavose de sindicato N union 

steward, shop steward; portor N porter 

portamento N portamento, pitch bend 

porte N door; porte contra esplodes N blast door; porte 

de rede N screen door; porte retro N back door; porte 

xef N front door; porteta N gate (of field, garden), 

wicket (gate); porton N portal, gate (of castle, town) 

portico N portico, porch 

porto N port, harbor (US), harbour (Br); port (computer); 

porto de visita N port of call; porto spasial N 

spaceport (in science fiction) 

Porto Rica N Puerto Rico; portorican ADJ N Puerto Rican, 

Puertorican 

Portugal N Portugal; portuges ADJ N Portuguese (person, 

language) 

portulaca N portulaca, purslane (plant: genus Portulaca) 

pos PREP (time) after, since; (space) after, behind; a 

pos ADJ back, rear, backward; ADV (time) afterwards, 

later, subsequently, since; (space) after, behind; PREP 

behind, to behind (indicating movement); de pos ADV 

from behind; PREP from behind (indicating movement), 

since (in time); pos cual after which, behind which 

(relative); pos cuando CONJ after 

pos- PREF post- [occurring later: (posebra)] 

posa VT pose, posture, position, arrange, lay out; N pose, 

posture, position, arrangement, layout; malposada ADJ 

offside, offsides; sin posa ADJ unposed, candid 

(photography) 

posese VT possess, own; N possession, ownership (act, 

state); poseseda N possession (item owned); 

posesor N possessor, owner 

93

posible ADJ possible, feasible, potential; ADV possibly, 

maybe, perhaps; N possibility (event); nonposible ADJ 

impossible; N impossibility (event); nonposiblia ADJ 

impossibility (concept); otra posible N alternate, 

alternative, other possibility; posiblia N possibility, 

opportunity (concept); un otra idea posible ADJ an 

alternative idea, an alternate idea, another possible idea 

positiva ADJ positive; N positively 

positron N positron 

poso N well (man-made water source); poso de cloaca N 

cesspit, cesspool 

pospone VT postpone, procrastinate, delay; suspend 

(judgement); N postponement, procrastination, delay 

posposada N postposition (part of speech) 

posta VT N post, mail (system); e-posta V N email, e-mail; 

posta airal N air mail; posta caracolin N snail mail; 

posta de odia N hate mail; posteria N post office; 

postor N postman, postwoman 

poster N poster (for display); posteri VI VT posterize; N 

posterization 

posterior ADJ rear, posterior, caudal; N behind, bottom, 

derriere, butt (US), bum (Br) 

posto N position, function, post (in organization); ave se 

posto en V be stationed in; posto de controla N 

checkpoint; posto fasil N sinecure 

potasio N potassium (element) 

pote VT be able to, have the opportunity to, have the 

chance to, can; nos ta pote aida we could help (but 

maybe we won't), it would be possible for us to help; 

pote es ADV maybe, perhaps, could be; pote es ce nos 

es perdeda it could be that we're lost 

potensia N potential (physics, mathematics); 

potensial ADJ potential (physics, mathematics) 

potia N power, might, potency; power (exponent); potia 

de esecuta N executive power; potia de judi N judicial 

power; potia de legi N legislative power; potiosa ADJ 

powerful, mighty; suprapotia N superpower (of 

superhero); suprapotiosa ADJ superpowerful; N 

superpower (political) 

poto N potto (mammal: species Perodicticus potto) 

povre ADJ N poor, impoverished; pitiful, pitiable, piteous, 

pathetic; povreria N poorhouse, almshouse; povria N 

poverty, penury 

pox N pocket; buffer (software); pouch (medical); pox de 

copia N clipboard, copy buffer (software); poxi VT 

pocket 

poxe VT poach (cook by simmering) 

prado N meadow, prairie; pradeta N clearing, glade 

praseodimio N praseodymium (element) 

pratica VT practice (US), practise (Br), rehearse; N 

practice, exercise, rehearsal; pratica de banco N 

banking practice; pratica model N exemplary practice; 

praticor N practitioner 

pratical ADJ practical, pragmatic, feasible, down-to-earth, 

sensible, level-headed, matter-of-fact, utilitarian, 

convenient; nonpratical ADJ impractical, inconvenient; 

praticalisme N pragmatism; praticaliste N pragmatist 

94 

pre- PREF pre- [occurring earlier: (previde)] 

prea VT pray, implore, plead, beseech, entreat; N prayer; 

prea de grasias N grace 

preambul N preamble 

precambrian ADJ N precambrian (geology) 

preda N prey; predor N predator 

predica VT preach; predicate; N sermon; predicate 

(grammar, logic) 

predicativa ADJ N predicative (grammar) 

predise V predict, forecast, prophesy; N prediction, 

forecast, prognosis, prophecy 

prefasa VT preface; N preface, foreword, prologue 

prefere VT prefer, favor (US), favour (Br); N preference 

(opinion); setting, option (software); prefereda ADJ 

preferred, favorite (US), favourite (Br), of choice; N 

preference (thing preferred), favorite (US), favourite 

(Br) 

prefisa VT prefix; N prefix; prefixing, prefixation 

premio N prize, award, reward; premior N prizewinner, 

awardwinner, title holder 

premisa N premise (logic) 

prende VT take, get, seize, appropriate, confiscate; pick 

up; pick (flower); N taking, seizure, appropriation, 

confiscation; electrical outlet; desprendable ADJ 

disposable, expendable; desprende V get rid of, throw 

away, discard, dispense with, dispose of; prende de 

propria N expropriation; prende la propria de V 

expropriate; prende la rol de V take the role of, be cast 

as; prende par forsa V hijack; prende se tempo V take 

one's time; reprende V retrieve 

preocupa VT preoccupy, concern, engross; worry, cause 

worry; N preoccupation; preocupada de costa ADJ 

cost-conscious 

prepara VT prepare, set, groom; brew (tea, coffee, beer); 

cure (meat); N preparation, preparations; potion, brew, 

concoction, tonic, elixir; nonpreparada ADJ 

unprepared, impromptu; prepara afrodisica N philter 

(US), philtre (Br); preparada ADJ prepared, ready, set; 

cured (meat) 

preposada N preposition (part of speech) 

prepus N prepuce, foreskin, clitoral hood 

presa VT press, push, squeeze, hold tight, compress; iron 

(clothes); N pressure; presa de grupo N peer pressure; 

presa de manos N handshake; presa la manos con V 

shake hands with; presa sangual N blood pressure; 

presada ADJ compact, compressed; presalio (comp) N 

garlic press; presapantalon N trouser press; 

presaveste N (clothes) iron; preseta V squeeze lightly; 

N light squeeze 

presbiterian ADJ N Presbyterian; presbiterianisme N 

Presbyterianism 

prescrive VT prescribe, dictate; N prescription; sin 

prescrive ADJ ADV without prescription, over the 

counter 

presede VT precede, predate; N precedence; precession 

(astronomy); presedente ADJ preceding, previous, 

prior, former; N precedent, precursor, predecessor, 

forerunner, antecedent (thing); prequel; presedor N

predecessor, precursor, forerunner (person); sin 

presedente ADJ unprecedented, history-making, 

historic, record-breaking 

presensa VT foresee, have a premonition; N premonition 

presenta VT present, introduce (person); perform (act); 

submit (offer); N presentation, introduction, publicity 

(advertising); performance, stunt; presenta teatral N 

play (theatrical), drama; presenta temprana N 

matinee; presentor N presenter, performer, lecturer, 

anchor (news); presentor de clima N weather presenter, 

weather forecaster, weatherman, weatherwoman; 

presentor de novas N news presenter, news anchor; 

salon de presenta N auditorium 

presente ADJ present (time; not absent); current; N present 

(time); attendee (one who is present); per la 

presente ADV for the present, now, for the moment, for 

the time being; presentia N presence 

preside VT preside, chair; presidental ADJ presidential; 

presidente N president, chairperson, chairman, 

chairwoman; vispresidente N vice president 

presipe ADJ steep, precipitous; N cliff, precipice, crag 

presipita VI precipitate (weather); VT precipitate 

(chemistry); N precipitation; presipitada ADJ 

precipitated; N precipitate 

preso N price, cost; a bon preso ADJ affordable; presi VT 

price (define the price of); preso de consumor N 

consumer price, street price, price in the shops 

presta VT lend, loan; N loan; prestor N lender 

prestijia N prestige, status; prestijiosa ADJ prestigious 

prete N priest, clergyman; preteria N presbytery; 

pretesa N priestess; pretia N priesthood (state) 

preveni VT prevent, deter, keep (from doing), preempt; N 

prevention, deterrence, prophylaxis; preveninte ADJ 

preventing, preventive, deterring, preemptive, 

prophylactic; N deterrent, preventive; tu preveni ce me 

escuta you prevent me from listening 

prima ADJ first, primary, original; early; ADV firstly, at 

first, in the first place, primarily; N first, original; 

primia N priority; primia de abri N aperture priority 

(photography); primia de relasador N shutter priority 

(photography); suprima ADJ subprime 

primate N primate, ape (mammal: order Primates) 

primavera N spring (season) 

primeval ADJ primeval, primordial 

primi VT print; N printout (act, result); malprimi V 

misprint; malprimida ADJ misprinted; N misprint; no 

plu primida ADJ out of print; primador N printer 

(machine); primeria N printing house, printer's; primi 

de ora V timestamp; N timestamp; primida ADJ printed; 

N printed object; primor N printer (person) 

primitiva ADJ primitive; early (civilization) 

primula N primrose, primula (plant, genus Primula) 

prinse N prince; prinsesa N princess 

prinsipado N principality, princedom, princely state 

prinsipe N principle, doctrine; de prinsipes ADJ of 

principles, principled; prinsipal ADJ ADV in principle 

(but not principal) 

prisma N prism; prismal ADJ prismatic 

prison N prison, jail; prison su tera N dungeon; 

prisoni VT imprison, jail; prisonia N imprisonment, 

captivity; prisonida ADJ imprisoned; N prisoner, 

inmate; prisonida de gera N prisoner of war, POW 

priva VT deprive, bereave; N deprivation, bereavement; 

privada ADJ deprived, bereft 

privata ADJ private (not public), confidential; N 

confidence, secret; privatia N privacy, confidentiality 

proa N bow (of ship), prow 

proa N proa (southeast Asian boat) 

proba VT try, try out, try on (clothes), trial, test, check; 

taste; N try, trial, test, check; taste (act); longa 

probada ADJ tried and tested, time-tested; proba de 

cualia N quality test, benchmark test; proba de Pap 

(Papanicolaou) N Pap test, Pap smear 

probable ADJ probable, likely; ADV probably; N chance 

(likely opportunity); nonprobable ADJ improbable, 

unlikely; nonprobablia N improbability (concept); 

probablia N probability, likelihood, chances (concept, 

measure) 

problem N problem; fa un problem V pose a problem, 

create a problem; no problem INTERJ no problem, 

you're welcome, don't mention it; problemosa ADJ 

problematic 

procariota N prokaryote 

proclama VT proclaim, declaim, announce, recite; N 

proclamation, announcement, edict, ordinance; 

proclama papal N papal bull; proclamor N announcer, 

crier 

produi VT produce; N production; nonproduosa ADJ 

unproductive, ineffective, ineffectual, inefficacious; 

ADV unproductively, ineffectively, ineffectually; 

nonproduosia N unproductiveness, ineffectiveness, 

ineffectuality, inefficacy; produi a stranjer V outsource; 

N outsourcing; produi en serie N mass production; 

produi interna cru N GDP, gross domestic product; 

produida N product; produidas N PL products, produce; 

produor N producer; produor dirijal N executive 

producer; produosa ADJ productive, effective, 

effectual, efficacious; ADV productively, effectively, 

effectually, efficaciously; produosia N productiveness, 

productivity, effectiveness, effectuality, efficacy; 

suproduida N byproduct 

profesa N profession; nonprofesal ADJ non-professional; 

N non-professional, layman, lay person; profesal ADJ 

professional; profesalisme N professionalism 

profesor N professor; profesores N PL professors, faculty 

(members) 

profeta N prophet 

profil N profile 

profita VI profit; N profit, gain; crimin no profita crime 

does not pay; profita de V profit from, take advantage 

of; profita e perde N profit and loss, boom and bust; 

profita nonlegal V profiteer; N profiteering; 

profitosa ADJ profitable, lucrative 

profonda ADJ deep, profound, in-depth; ADV deeply, 

profoundly; N abyss, chasm, deep; profondi VI VT 

deepen; profondia N deepness, depth, profundity 

95

prognose N prognosis 

program N schedule, program (US), programme (Br); 

program, application (software); program de calcula N 

spreadsheet; program de compete N quiz show, game 

show; program de desinia N graphics program; 

program de discutes N talk show (US), chat show 

(Br); program de realia N reality show; program de 

scrive N word-processing program, word processor; 

program de ueb N web browser; programes N PL 

programs, software; programes de nube N cloudware; 

programes de proba N demo software, demoware, 

trialware; programes libre N free software 

(unrestricted; but not zero-cost); programes sin 

costa N free software (zero-cost), freeware; programes 

vil N PL malware; programeta N script, batch file 

(software); programi VT program; N programming; 

programi ojetal N object-oriented programming; 

programor N programmer 

progresa VI VT progress, advance; N progress, 

advancement, progression 

proibi /pro-ibi/ VT prohibit, forbid, disallow, interdict, ban; 

N prohibition, interdiction, ban; me proibi la parla a 

tu I forbid you to speak; proibida /pro-ibida/ ADJ 

prohibited, forbidden, disallowed, banned; 

proibiste /pro-ibiste/ N prohibitionist 

projenia N progeny, offspring, brood, descendants 

projeta VT plan (a project); N plan, project, undertaking; 

projeta legal N bill (legislative); projeta un jardin V 

landscape 

projeta VT project (one's voice, a light); N projection; 

projetador N projector; floodlight 

prolaso N prolapse 

proletaria N proletariat; proletarial ADJ proletarian 

promedia ADJ N average, mean; per promedia ADV on 

average 

promerope N sugarbird (bird: genus Promerops) 

promete VT promise, pledge, devote, commit; N promise, 

pledge, devotion, commitment, obligation; engagement 

(to be married); prometeda ADJ promised; engaged (to 

be married); N fiance, fiancee; prometente ADJ 

promising (including showing promise); prometes N 

policy, pledges (in political campaign); prometor N 

(religious) devotee 

prometio N promethium (element) 

promiscua ADJ promiscuous, wanton, libertine; N 

libertine; promiscuia N promiscuity 

promontania N promontory, headland 

promove VT promote, lobby; N promotion (support); 

movement (community working to advance a cause); 

promovor N promoter, lobbyist; promovores N PL 

lobby 

prona ADJ prone, face down, palm down; pronador N 

pronator (muscle); proni VI VT pronate, prostrate; N 

pronation 

pronom N pronoun; pronom de demanda N interrogative 

pronoun; pronom suordinante N relative pronoun; 

pronomal ADJ pronominal 

pronto ADJ (operating) with little delay, instant; ADV soon, 

96 

shortly, presently; la plu pronto ADV as soon as 

possible, soonest, immediately, instantly, 

instantaneously; pronto a pos ADV soon afterwards; 

pronto pos PREP soon after 

pronunsia VT pronounce, articulate; N pronunciation, 

articulation, accent (way of speaking); malpronunsia V 

mispronounce; N mispronunciation; 

nonpronunsiable ADJ unpronounceable; 

pronunsiable ADJ pronounceable 

propaganda N propaganda; propagandiste N 

propagandist 

propensa VT predispose; N propensity, predisposition, 

susceptibility; propensada a ADJ predisposed to, 

tending to, with a tendency to, prone to, susceptible to, 

subject to 

proportio N proportion, ratio, quotient, rate; concentration 

(of liquids); a proportio ADJ proportional; ADV in 

proportion; de bon proportio ADJ well-proportioned; 

proportio de aspeta N aspect ratio 

proposa VT propose (including marriage), suggest, 

nominate, submit; N proposal, proposition, suggestion, 

nomination; clause (grammar); thesis; budget; proposa 

ajetival N relative clause, adjectival clause (grammar); 

proposa autonom N independent clause (grammar); 

proposa averbal N adverbial clause (grammar); 

proposa coordinada N coordinate clause (grammar); 

proposa major N main clause (grammar); proposa 

nomal N nominal clause (grammar); proposa 

suordinada N subordinate clause, dependent clause 

(grammar); proposada ADJ proposed, nominated; N 

nominee; proposor N proposer, proponent; 

suproposa N subclause, subordinate clause (grammar) 

propre ADJ proper, own, respective; el rasca se dorso 

propre he scratches his own back; propri VI VT 

appropriate, adopt 

propria N property (possessions), estate; propria 

inteletal N intellectual property; proprior N owner, 

proprietor, landlord 

prosa N prose; prosin ADJ prosaic 

prosede VT process; prosecute, sue, take to court, arraign, 

try; N process, procedure; trial (law); prosede falsa N 

mock trial; prosedador N processor; prosederia N 

processing plant; reprosede V reprocess; N 

reprocessing 

prosegue VI proceed; N procession 

prosima ADJ near, close, nearby; approximate, rough; ADV 

nearby, in the vicinity; approximately, roughly; a la 

semana prosima ADV next week; pos la du menses 

prosima ADV in two months' time; prosimi VI 

approach; N approximation, approach (including to a 

problem); prosiminte ADJ impending, imminent; ADJ N 

approximant (consonant); prosiminte ladal ADJ N 

lateral approximant (consonant) 

prosimi secreta V sneak up, approach stealthily 

prosion N raccoon (mammal: species Procyon lotor) 

prostata N prostate 

prostese N prosthesis; prostesal ADJ prosthetic 

prostitui VT prostitute; N prostitution; prostituida N 

prostitute, hooker, whore

protactinio N protactinium (element) 

protea N protea (plant: genus Protea) 

proteje VT protect, defend, shield, shelter; N protection, 

precaution; nonprotejeda ADJ unprotected; 

protejeda ADJ protected, sheltered; N protectorate; 

protejente ADJ protecting, protective; protejisme N 

protectionism; protejiste N protectionist; protejor N 

protector 

protele N aardwolf (mammal: species Proteles cristatus) 

protena N protein 

protende VI protrude, bulge, jut, stick out; N protrusion, 

protuberance, bulge, prominence; protendente ADJ 

prominent 

protesta VT protest, object, demonstrate, rail; N protest, 

protestation, objection, demonstration (political); 

protestante ADJ protesting; protestant; N protestant; 

protestantisme N protestantism; protestor N protester 

protocol N protocol 

proton N proton; antiproton N antiproton 

protoplasma N protoplasm 

proverbo N proverb, adage; proverbal ADJ proverbial 

provinse N province, prefecture, state; provinsal ADJ 

provincial, unsophisticated; provinsalisme N 

provincialism 

provoca VT provoke, instigate, foment, incite, prompt; N 

provocation, instigation; provocor N provocateur, 

instigator, agitator; provocor de gera N warmonger 

proxi N proxy server (software) 

pruna N plum; pruna seca N prune, dried plum; pruno N 

plum tree (tree: genus Prunus) 

pruri VI itch; N itch 

Prusen N Prussia; prusen ADJ N Prussian 

ps ABBR (= pos scrive) PS, post scriptum, postscript 

psi N psi (Greek letter) 

psice N psyche, mind; psical ADJ psychic (of the psyche) 

psiciatria N psychiatry; psiciatrial ADJ psychiatric, 

psychiatrical; psiciatriste N psychiatrist 

psicica ADJ psychic (paranormal) 

psicoanaletica ADJ N psychoanaleptic (drug) 

psicoanalise VT psychoanalyze (US), psychoanalyse (Br); 

N psychoanalysis 

psicojenal ADJ psychogenic 

psicoletica ADJ psycholeptic (drug) 

psicolojia N psychology; psicolojial ADJ psychological; 

psicolojiste N psychologist 

psicomotor ADJ psychomotor 

psicopatia N psychopathy; psicopatica ADJ psycopathic; 

N psychopath 

psicopatolojia N psychopathology 

psicose N psychosis; psicosica ADJ psychotic 

psicosomatica ADJ psychosomatic 

psicoterapia N psychotherapy 

psicotropial ADJ psychotropic 

psoriase N psoriasis 

pterodatilo N pterodactyl (reptile: Pterodactylus antiquus) 

ptolemean ADJ Ptolemean 

pubis N pubis; pubisal ADJ pubic 

publica ADJ public; nonpublicida ADJ unpublished; 

publici VI VT publish, release (to market); air (on 

television); post (on website); N publication, release, 

edition; posting 

puia VT push (trolley, button); puieta V N poke, nudge, 

jog, prod, prompt 

pulea N pulley 

pulga N flea (insect: order Siphonaptera); tiddlywink 

pulmon N lung; pulmonal ADJ pulmonary 

pulpa N pulp, flesh; pulpi VI VT pulp; pulposa ADJ pulpy, 

fleshy (of fruit) 

pulsa VI pulse; beat (music); N pulse; pulsa inversada N 

backbeat 

pulsar N pulsar 

pum N bang, crash, thud, pop (sound); INTERJ bang, crash, 

thud, thump; pumi VI VT bang, slam, clap, pop, thud 

(make sound) 

puma N puma, cougar, jaguarundi (mammal: species 

Puma concolor) 

punc ADJ N punk (music, lifestyle) 

puni VT punish, penalize; N punishment, penalty, sanction; 

nonpunida ADJ unpunished; puni avertinte N 

exemplary punishment; puni eterna N damnation, 

perdition 

punica ADJ Punic, Carthaginian 

punio N fist; colpa con punio V punch; N punch 

punta VT aim, point; N aim; malpunta V misaim 

punto N point, tip, dot, spot; point (in discussion); item, 

entry (in list); stitch; full stop, period (punctuation); a 

punto de ADV on the point of, about to, just, just about 

to; dupunto N colon (punctuation); fa un punto V 

stitch; mediapunto N midpoint; punteta N freckle; 

punti VI VT sharpen (to a point); puntida ADJ pointed, 

pointy, sharp; puntipeneta (comp) N pencil sharpener; 

punto crusada N cross-stitch; punto de refere N point 

of reference, landmark (for navigation); punto de 

vista N viewpoint (place with a view, opinion), point of 

view, outlook, perspective; punto G N G-spot 

(anatomy); punto pedante N quibble; punton N bullet, 

bullet point (typography); puntos N points, score 

(game); puntosa ADJ spotty, patterned with dots; 

punto-virgula N semicolon (punctuation); trepunto N 

ellipsis (punctuation) 

puntua VT punctuate; N punctuation 

puntual ADJ punctual, prompt; ADV punctually, promptly; 

puntualia N punctuality, promptness 

pupa N doll, effigy; pupa de trapo N rag doll; pupeta N 

puppet; pupetin ADJ puppetlike, dummy; pupetor N 

puppeteer 

pupil N pupil (of eye) 

pur ADJ pure, unadulterated, uncontaminated, chaste, 

mere; ADV purely, merely; nonpuria N impurity; 

purador N purifier; puri VI VT purify; puria N 

cleanliness, purity; puriste ADJ puristic; N purist 

97

pure VT puree; N puree; pure de poma N apple sauce, 

apple purée 

purga VT N purge 

purgatorio N purgatory 

puritan ADJ N Puritan; puritanisme N Puritanism 

purpur ADJ purple, livid; purpuria N lividity 

pus N pus 

pustula N pustule, pimple 

puta N whore, slut, bitch (informal: prostitute; also 

insult); puto N manwhore (informal: male prostitute); 

sod, bastard (insult) 

putong ADJ N Putonghua, Mandarin Chinese (language) 

putri VI rot, decay; N rot, decay; nonputrable ADJ 

imperishable, nonperishable; putrable ADJ perishable; 

putrida ADJ rotten, decayed; N rotten matter 

puxa VT shove, ram, thrust (move violently); N shove, 

thrust; puxador N thruster 

puzel N jigsaw puzzle 

Q /qua/ N Q (letter) 

qua N name of letter Q 

R /er/ N R (letter) 

Q 

R 

rabano N radish (root, plant: species Raphanus sativus); 

rabano forte N horseradish (root, plant: species 

Armoracia rusticana) 

rabi N rabbi 

rabia N rabies; rabica ADJ rabid 

raceta N racket, racquet (for sport) 

racite N rickets, rachitis 

raconta VT tell, relate (experiences, as story or 

otherwise); N anecdote, memoir 

radar N radar 

radia VI radiate, broadcast; N radiation, broadcasting; 

radiador N radiator; radiante ADJ radiating, radiant, 

beaming 

radian N radian 

radical N radical (chemistry); radical libre N free radical 

radio N radio, wireless (set, concept); radio portable de 

du dirijes N walkie-talkie 

radio N radius (anatomy) 

radio N radium (element) 

radioativa ADJ radioactive; radioativia N radioactivity 

radiograf N X-ray machine; radiografi VT X-ray; 

radiografia N radiography 

98 

radiolojia N radiology; radiolojial ADJ radiological 

radioterapia N radiotherapy 

radis N root; a radis ADV at root, basically, 

fundamentally; desradisi V uproot; radisal ADJ radical, 

fundamental, drastic; ADV radically, fundamentally; 

radisi VI take root 

radon N radon (element) 

raga N raga (music) 

ragnaroc N ragnarok (twilight of the gods) 

ragtaim ADJ N ragtime (music) 

ragu N stew, ragout 

raia N ray, skate (superorder Batoidea) 

raio N ray, beam (of light); stripe (of pattern), streak; bolt 

(of lightning); spoke (of wheel); radius (of circle); raio 

gama N gamma ray; raio X N X-ray; raios diplomatal N 

PL pinstripes; raiosa ADJ striped, striate, striated 

ral N rail, crake (bird: family Rallidae) 

ram N RAM, random-access memory 

ramo N branch; denomination; rami VI branch; 

raminte ADJ branching; ramon N bough 

rampa N ramp 

rampe VI crawl, creep; rampor N crawler, creeper 

(person, plant) 

rana N frog (amphibian: order Anura); raneta N tadpole 

ranunculo N buttercup (plant: genus Ranunculus) 

ranur N slot, groove, aperture, slit, furrow; ranur de 

arado N furrow; ranuri VT slit 

ranxo N ranch 

rap ADJ N rap (music); rapi VT rap (perform rap); rapor N 

rapper (musician) 

Rapanui N Rapa Nui, Easter Island; rapanui ADJ N 

rapanui (person, language) 

rapela VI rappel (US), abseil (Br) 

rapida ADJ fast, quick, rapid, swift, punctual, prompt, 

fleet; ADV fast, quickly, rapidly, punctually, promptly; 

rapidi VI speed up, accelerate, quicken; N acceleration; 

rapidia N speed, velocity, rate, pace 

rapsodia N rhapsody 

rara ADJ rare, uncommon; ADV rarely, seldom; rari VI 

rarefy, diffuse, dilute; rarida ADJ rarefied, tenuous, 

diffuse, diluted, dilute, sparse, wispy 

rasa VT shave, raze; N shave; rasador N razor, shaver 

rasca VT scratch; N scratch; antirasca ADJ antiscratch, 

scratch-resistant; rascasielo (comp) N skyscraper 

raspa VT scrape, abrade; chafe; grate; N abrasion; 

raspador N scraper, rasp, grater; raspante ADJ 

scraping, abrasive 

rastafari ADJ N Rastafari, Rastafarian 

rasto N rake (tool); rasti VT rake 

rata N rat (mammal: genus Rattus) 

ratan N rattan (fiber, plant: tribe Calameae) 

ratatui N ratatouille 

ravioli N ravioli 

raza N race, ethnic group, breed; de raza miscada ADJ of

mixed race, mongrel; razal ADJ racial; razisme N 

racism; raziste N racist 

razona VT reason, argue (give reasons); N reasoning, 

rational thought, argument, case, reason, motive, 

purpose; razona bon V reason correctly, be right, be 

correct; razonada ADJ reasoned, rational (argument); 

razonante ADJ reasoning, reasonable, rational (person) 

re- PREF V re- [added to a verb: again, back, in the 

opposite direction (recomensa, redona)] 

re N king (including chess, cards); rea N queen; reia N 

royalty; reial ADJ royal; reialisme N royalism; 

reialiste N royalist; visre N viceroy; visrea N vicereine 

rea N rhea (bird: genus Rhea) 

real ADJ real, actual, tangible; autoreali V self-realize, 

self-actualize; N self-realization, self-actualization; en 

realia ADV in reality, in fact; nonrealable ADJ 

unfeasible, unworkable; realable ADJ feasible, 

workable, doable, achievable, viable; reali VI realize, 

make real, actualize, achieve, accomplish, enact; honor 

(US), honour (Br), fulfill (US), fulfil (Br), observe 

(promise), answer (prayer); N realization, achievement, 

actualization, accomplishment, enactment; realia N 

reality; realida ADJ realized, actualized, accomplished; 

realisme N realism; realiste N realist; realosa ADJ 

realistic; ADV realistically; rereali V reenact; N 

reenactment 

real N real (money) 

realpolitica N realpolitik 

reata VI react; N reaction; fuss, brouhaha; reata en 

cadena N chain reaction, domino effect; reata tro 

forte V overreact; reatador N reactor (nuclear); 

reatante ADJ reactionary; reator N reactor, reactionary 

(person); reatosa ADJ reactive, sensitive 

rebela VI rebel, mutiny, resist authority; N rebellion, 

mutiny, resistance, insurrection; rebelante ADJ 

rebelling, rebellious, mutinous; rebelor N rebel, 

mutineer 

rebita N rivet; rebiti VT rivet 

recambia VT replace (something worn out); N replacement 

(e.g. battery, tire, hip) 

reclama VT claim, reclaim (property, title); N reclamation; 

contrareclama N counterclaim 

reclina VI recline, lie back, lie down 

recolie VT pick up, reap, harvest; N harvest, crop; recolie 

de reservas V raise funds; N fundraising, fundraiser 

(event); recolie profitosa N cash crop; recolior de 

reservas N fundraiser (person) 

recomenda VT recommend; N recommendation; 

recomenda forte V urge, strongly recommend; N strong 

recommendation 

recompensa VT recompense, reward; N recompense, 

reward 

reconose VT recognize, acknowledge; N recognition, 

acknowledgement; nonreconosable ADJ 

unrecognizable; reconosable ADJ recognizable; 

reconose la valua de V recognize the value of, 

appreciate 

reconsilia VI reconcile, make up; N reconciliation 

recorda VT remember, recall; N recollection, recall, 

memory (particular); esta ia fa me recorda tu this 

reminded me of you; fa ce (algun) recorda V remind, 

prompt; recorda falsa V confabulate; N confabulation, 

false memory; recordante ADJ reminding; N reminder, 

souvenir, keepsake, memento 

recordo ADJ record, record-breaking; N record (best ever 

performance); en tempo recordo ADV in record time 

recore VI recur, relapse; recorente ADJ recurrent, 

relapsing 

recorsa VI recurse; N recursion; recorsante ADJ recursive 

recovre VI recover, recuperate, get better; N recovery, 

recuperation 

recrea N recreation (enjoyable activity) 

recurso N resource, facility, recourse; recursosa ADJ 

resourceful 

rede N net; network, nexus; mesh, screen, netting; 

interede N Internet; la Rede N Reticulum 

(constellation); rede de arania N spider's web, cobweb; 

rede de capeles N hairnet, snood; rede de compania N 

company network, corporate network; rede mundal N 

World-Wide Web; redi VT network 

redin N rein; redini VT rein 

redui VI reduce, decrease, scale down, lessen; turn down 

(e.g. the volume); N reduction; redui de empleadas N 

downsizing; redui de imposta N tax cut, tax reduction; 

redui empleadas V downsize 

reduvido N assassin bug (insect: family Reduviidae) 

refere VI refer, allude; N reference, referral, allusion, 

mention; pointer (software: data type); desrefere V 

dereference (software); refere a V refer to, allude to, 

mention; refere interna VI N cross-reference; 

referente ADJ referring; N reference 

referendo N referendum, plebiscite; referendo per 

retira N recall election, recall referendum 

refina VT refine, perfect; N refinement; refinada ADJ 

refined; graceful, poised, elegant, gracious, sleek; 

refineria N refinery 

refleta VT reflect; N reflection; refletante V reflecting, 

reflective, introspective; reflexive (grammar) 

reflexe ADJ reflexive, automatic; N reflex 

reformi VT reform; N reform, reformation; reformisme N 

reformism; reformiste ADJ N reformist 

reforti VT reinforce; N reinforcement; strengthener, gusset; 

booster (vaccination); refortinte ADJ reinforcing, 

strengthening 

refrata VT refract; N refraction 

refren N refrain, chorus; refreneta N jingle 

refuja VT shelter, give refuge to, give asylum to, harbor 

(US), harbour (Br); N shelter, refuge, asylum, sanctuary; 

refuja contra esplodes N bomb shelter; refuja se VI 

take refuge; refujada N refugee 

refusa VT refuse, reject, dismiss, deny; N refusal, 

rejection, denial 

refuta VT refute, rebut; N refutation, rebuttal 

regala VT treat, spoil, pamper, indulge, overindulge, dote; 

N treat (pleasant gift), bonus 

99

egarda VT look at, behold, regard; overlook (a view); N 

look, glance, regard; regarda a via V look away (de = 

from), avert one's gaze, avert one's eyes; regarda en la 

oios V look in the eye, make eye contact with; regarda 

intensa V stare at; N stare; regarda miope V peer at; 

regardante ADV regarding, as regards, as for; 

regardeta V glance at; N glance; turna se regarda a 

via look away (de = from), avert one's gaze, avert one's 

eyes 

rege ADJ N reggae (music) 

regex N regular expression, regex, regexp (software) 

regla N ruler (for drawing lines); regla de calcula N slide 

rule; regla T N T-square 

regresa VI regress; N regression 

regrete VT regret, be sorry for, rue; N regret, remorse; 

regretable ADJ regrettable, unfortunate; N regrettably, 

unfortunately; regretosa ADJ rueful 

regula VT regulate, arrange, regularize, modulate; N rule, 

regulation, commandment; autoregula V self-regulate; 

regula jeneral N general rule, rule of thumb, guideline; 

regulador N regulator (device) 

rejeta VT reject, abjure, spurn; N rejection, abjuration; 

rejetiste ADJ N rejectionist 

rejimento N regiment; rejimental ADJ regimental 

rejistra VT record, register; N recording; rejistrador N 

recorder, recording device; register; rejistrador de 

banda N tape recorder 

rel N rail, railing, banister, bannister, balustrade; reles N PL 

railroad track, rails; salta de la reles V derail (train) 

relasa VT release, let go, unleash; con relasa gradal ADJ 

slow-release, time-release; relasador N shutter release 

(camera) 

relata VI relate, be in relation; N relationship, relation, 

association; interelata VI interrelate; N interrelation, 

interrelationship; relata de ama N love affair, 

relationship; relatada ADJ related, kindred; N relative, 

family relation; relatas publica N public relations 

relativa ADJ relative; relativia N relativity 

rele N relay 

releva VT throw into relief; N relief (distinctness); releva 

alta N high relief; releva basa N low relief, bas-relief 

relia /rel-ia/ VT bind (book); N binding; relior N 

bookbinder 

relicia N relic 

relijio N religion; nonrelijiosa ADJ non-religious, lay, 

secular; N layman, lay person; relijiosa ADJ religious, 

pious, devout; ADV religiously; relijiosia N piety, 

devoutness 

remedia VT remedy, cure, heal, redress; N remedy; 

autoremedia V self-limit; autoremediada ADJ selflimited 

(disease); nonremediable ADJ irremediable, 

uncurable; remediable ADJ remediable, curable 

remete VT remit, absolve, redeem, reprieve; N remission, 

absolution, redemption; reprieve, remission, 

continuance, stay (of execution); remetor N redeemer 

remize N penduline tit (bird: species Remiz pendulinus) 

remo N oar, paddle; remi VT row, paddle 

100 

ren N kidney; renal ADJ renal 

rena VT reign, rule; N kingdom, dominion, realm; regime; 

renante ADJ reigning, regent; renor N ruler; renoreta N 

minor ruler; kinglet (bird: genus Regulus) 

Rena Unida N United Kingdom 

rendere VT render (software) 

renegada ADJ renegade; N renegade, turncoat 

renin N renin 

renio N rhenium (element) 

reno N reindeer, caribou (mammal: species Rangifer 

tarandus) 

renovascular ADJ renovascular 

renunsia VT resign, abdicate, renounce; N resignation, 

abdication, renunciation; disclaimer 

repara VT repair, fix, mend, darn; N repair, fix; 

nonreparada ADJ in disrepair, dilapidated; repareria N 

repair shop; reparor N repairer, fixer 

repenti VT repent, feel remorse (for), feel contrite, be 

penitent, regret, be sorry; N repentance, penitence, 

penance, contrition, remorse, regret; nonrepentinte ADJ 

unrepentant, unapologetic; repentinte ADJ repentant, 

penitent, contrite, remorseful, regretful, sorry, 

apologetic; repentor N penitent 

repertorio N repertoire 

repete VT repeat, echo; keep, keep on (doing); N 

repetition; INTERJ ditto; repetente ADJ repeating, 

repetitive; ADV repeatedly 

replica VT retort, answer back, snap back; N retort, witty 

reply; line (of dialog) 

reporta VT report, brief; N report, account, allegation, 

briefing; reportor N reporter 

reposa VI rest, relax, repose, take it easy; lie down, settle, 

pause; stay (reside temporarily), sojourn; set (sun, 

moon, planet); N rest, relaxation, repose, respite; stay, 

sojourn; reposa de luna N moonset; reposa de sol N 

sunset; reposa per la note V stay for the night; N 

overnight stay; reposabraso (comp) N armrest; 

reposapede (comp) N footstool, ottoman 

represa VT repress; N repression 

representa VT represent, stand for, characterize, portray, 

depict; N representation, characterization, portrayal, 

depiction; malrepresenta V misrepresent; N 

misrepresentation; representor N representative, 

spokesperson, proxy 

reprodui V reproduce, propagate, breed, procreate; N 

reproduction, propagation, procreation; per 

reprodui ADJ stud, breeding, brood; reprodui esata V 

replicate; N replication 

reproxa VT rebuke, reproach, reprehend, reprimand, 

admonish, scold, tell off, upbraid, chide; N reproach, 

reprimand, admonition 

republica N republic; republiciste ADJ N republican 

Republica de Africa Sentral N Central African Republic 

(also Sentrafrica) 

Republica de Africa Sude N Republic of South Africa, 

Union of South Africa (also Sudafrica) 

Republica Dominican N Dominican Republic;

dominican ADJ N Dominican 

repulsa VT repulse, repel; disgust, turn off (person), 

horrify; N revulsion, antipathy, aversion, dislike, 

disgust; repulsante ADJ repulsive, repellent, revolting, 

disgusting, foul, repugnant, nasty, horrible, horrid, 

grisly, gruesome, horrendous 

reputa VT repute, deem; N reputation; reputada ADJ 

reputed 

rescate N ransom; rescati VT ransom 

resenia VT N critique, review 

resente ADJ recent; ADV recently, lately; la plu 

resente ADV most recently, last; la plu resente, el ia es 

videda en via a la stasion he was last seen on his way 

to the station; resente de scola ADJ fresh from school 

reserva VT reserve; save (money); hoard; book (seat, 

table); N store, cache, reservoir, hoard; savings, fund 

(money); booking, reservation (of seat, table); reserva 

de amorti N sinking fund; reservada ADJ reserved; ADV 

in reserve; reservas N reserves, stock (of supplies) 

reseta VT receive, get; catch (illness); N reception; 

resetador N receiver (device); resetante ADJ receptive; 

reseteria N reception, reception area (of a building); 

footprint, reception range (telecommunications); 

resetiste N receptionist; welcomer; resetor N recipient; 

receptor (biology) 

reseta N recipe 

resife N reef 

resina N resin, gum; resinosa ADJ resinous 

resinia VT resign; N resignation 

resiproca ADJ ADV reciprocal; resiproci VI reciprocate; 

resiprocia N reciprocity 

resiste VT resist, withstand, hold out; N resistance, 

unwillingness; resistador N resistor; resistente ADJ 

resistant, unwilling; N resistance (during occupation); 

resistente a foco ADJ flame-retardant 

resita VT recite; N recitation 

resolve VT resolve (into parts); N resolving, resolution 

resoma VT summarize, outline; N summary, synopsis, 

outline, resume 

respeta VT respect, esteem, venerate; N respect, deference; 

autorespeta N self-respect, self-esteem; desrespeta V 

disrespect; N disrespect, insolence; nonrespetosa ADJ 

disrespectful; respetable ADJ respectable; 

respetada ADJ respected, esteemed, venerable; 

respetosa ADJ respectful 

respira VT breathe; N breath; autorespirador N scuba; 

respira debil V breathe shallowly, breathe weakly; N 

shallow breathing, weak breathing; respira final V 

breathe one's last, give up the ghost; N final breath, last 

gasp; respira laborosa V struggle for breath; N labored 

breathing (US), laboured breathing (Br); respira 

rapida V N pant; respira ruidosa V N wheeze; 

respirador N respirator; respiral ADJ respiratory; sin 

respira ADJ breathless, not breathing; ADV breathlessly 

responde VT respond, answer, reply; N response, answer; 

respondador N answering machine; respondente ADJ 

responding, answering, replying, respondent; 

respondor N responder, answerer, replier, respondent 

(person) 

resta VI remain, be left over, stay (behind); N remainder, 

rest, remnant, residual, residue; restas N leftovers, 

remains, remnants, dregs 

restora VT restore, refresh, make like new; N restoration, 

refreshment; restorada ADJ refreshed, zesty, perky; 

restorante ADJ refreshing; N restaurant; restorante de 

comes retirable N takeout restaurant (US), takeaway 

restaurant (Br); restorantor N restaurateur; 

restorisme N restorationism 

restrinje VT restrict, confine, cramp; disqualify; restrain, 

immobilize; N restriction, confinement; condition; 

restrinje limital N boundary condition; restrinjeda a 

leto ADJ confined to bed, bedridden; sin restrinje ADJ 

unrestricted, unconditional; unrestrained; ADV 

unconditionally; without restraint, with abandon 

resulta VI result, arise; N result, consequence, effect; 

resulta ladal N side effect 

reta ADJ straight (not bent); reti VI straighten; retia N 

straightness 

retalia VI retaliate, get revenge, get even, get one's own 

back; N revenge, vengeance, retaliation, retribution 

retangulo ADJ rectangular, oblong; N rectangle, oblong 

retarda VT retard, slow down, inhibit, postpone, delay, 

stall, forestall; N inhibition, delay, stall, lag, lag time; 

mental retardada ADJ mentally retarded; retarda 

mental N mental retardation; sin retarda ADV 

immediately, without delay 

reteni VT keep, retain (in one's possession); reserve (for 

future use); keep, store (in a regular place); withhold; 

hold in; N keeping, retention, storing 

reticulo N reticulum; cross-hairs, reticule, reticle 

retil N reptile (class Reptilia); retilal ADJ reptilian 

retina N retina; retinal ADJ retinal 

retinopatia N retinopathy 

reto N rectum; retal ADJ rectal 

retorica N rhetoric; retorical ADJ rhetorical; retoriciste N 

rhetorician 

retorta N retort (chemistry equipment) 

retro ADJ rear, back; N rear, back part; a retro ADV back, 

backwards; a retro de PREP at the back of, behind 

retro- PREF retro- [backwards (retrosede)] 

retroflexe ADJ N retroflex (consonant) 

retrospeta VT look back; N retrospective, flashback; en 

retrospeta ADV in retrospect, looking back, with 

hindsight; retrospetante ADJ retrospective 

reumatica ADJ rheumatic 

reumatoide ADJ rheumatoid 

reumatolojia N rheumatology; reumatolojiste N 

rheumatologist 

revela VT reveal, disclose, divulge; N disclosure, 

revelation, mystical vision 

revenu N income, revenue, proceeds, earnings 

reversa VT reverse, turn around; revert; turn inside-out; N 

reversal; reversion, atavism; en reversa ADV in reverse, 

vice versa; nonreversable ADJ irreversible; 

101

eversable ADJ reversible; reversada ADJ reversed; 

inside-out; ADV in reverse, vice versa, conversely 

revisa VT revise; N revision 

revista VT review; N review, periodical 

revolta VI revolt; N revolution, uprising (local rebellion) 

revolui VT revolutionize, overturn; N revolution 

(overthrow of government); revoluinte ADJ 

revolutionary, radical; revoluisme N revolutionism; 

revoluiste N revolutionist, revolutionary, radical 

revolver N revolver (gun) 

rexerca VT research; N research; rexercor N researcher 

ribes N currant (plant, fruit: genus Ribes) 

ribosa N ribose 

ribosoma N ribosome 

rica ADJ rich, wealthy, prosperous, affluent; nova rica ADJ 

newly rich, nouveau riche; rici VI prosper; ricia N 

richness, wealth, means, prosperity, opulence 

ricxa N rickshaw (vehicle) 

rie VI laugh; N laugh, laughter; riable ADJ laughable, 

ridiculous, ludicrous; rieta V N giggle, titter; rion N 

guffaw, belly laugh 

rif N riff (music) 

rifa VT N raffle 

rigodon N rigaudon, rigadoon (dance) 

rijida ADJ stiff, rigid; rijidi VI stiffen, make rigid; rijidia N 

stiffness, rigidity 

ril N reel (music, dance) 

rima VI VT rhyme; N rhyme 

rinite N rhinitis, hayfever 

rinofarinjite N rhinopharyngitis, common cold 

rinorea N rhinorrhoea, runny nose 

rinosero N rhinoceros, rhino (mammal: family 

Rhinocerotidae) 

rinse VT N rinse 

rio N river; rial ADJ riverine, fluvial; rieta N stream, 

rivulet; rio basa N ford 

ris N rice (plant, seed: species Oryza sativa) 

risa VI VT curl; N curl; risada ADJ curled, curly; risas de 

lenio N wood shavings, excelsior 

risca VT risk; N risk; riscada ADJ vulnerable (species); 

riscosa ADJ risky 

ritmo N rhythm, cadence, prosody, rhythmics; ritmo e 

blus N rhythm and blues, R&B (music); ritmosa ADJ 

rhythmic, rhythmical 

rituo N ritual, rite, ceremony, (religious) service; ritual ADJ 

ritual; rituo de sposi N wedding, marriage ceremony 

riva N shore, bank (river) 

rizofora N mangrove (plant: genus Rhizophora) 

rizoide ADJ N rhizoid 

rizoma N rhizome 

ro N rho (Greek letter) 

roba N dress, robe; roba de bani N bathrobe, dressing 

gown; roba de coctel N cocktail dress; roba de prete N 

cassock; roba de sera N evening gown; roba de sol N 

102 

sundress; roba de sposi N wedding dress, wedding 

gown; roba gainin N sheath dress; roba negra peti N 

little black dress; robeta N (full-length) slip; robeta de 

note N babydoll (nightdress) 

robinia N locust, robinia (plant: genus Robinia) 

robot N robot; robotal ADJ robotic (concerning robots); 

roboti VT robotize; N robotization; robotin ADJ robotic, 

robotlike 

roc ADJ N rock (music); roc dur N hard rock (music); roc 

e rola N rock and roll (music); roc metal N heavy metal 

(music); roc punc N punk rock 

roc N roc (mythical bird) 

roca N rock, stone; roca deponeda N sedimentary rock; 

roca magmal N igneous rock; roca mutada N 

metamorphic rock; rocon N boulder; rocosa ADJ rocky 

roca VT castle (chess); N castling 

roceta N roquet (shot in croquet) 

roceto N rocket (missile) 

rococo ADJ N rococo 

rode VT gnaw, nibble; rodente ADJ gnawing; N rodent 

(mammal: order Rodentia) 

rodeo N rodeo 

rodi N roadie 

rodio N rhodium (element) 

rododendro N rhododendron (plant: genus 

Rhododendron) 

roentgenio N roentgenium (element) 

roja ADJ N red (color); desroji V remove red from; remove 

red-eye from (photograph); roja calda ADJ red-hot; 

roji VI redden, blush; rojin ADJ reddish; rojin brun ADJ 

reddish-brown, auburn 

rol N role, factor, function, part (to play); rolor N roleplayer, 

player, person with a role to play (in life, in a 

game, etc) 

rola VI VT roll, roll over; tumble; wallow; scroll 

(software); N roll (of material); desrola V unroll, uncoil, 

unwind; rola de tambur N drum roll; rolada N roulade, 

paupiette, braciole; rolador N roller; roleta N roulette 

rom N ROM, read-only memory 

Roma N Rome; roman ADJ Roman 

romaji N romaji 

romanes ADJ Romansh (language) 

romanesca ADJ romanesque 

romani ADJ N Rom, Romany, Gypsy (person, language) 

Romania N Romania; romanian ADJ N Romanian 


romanica ADJ N Romanic, Romance (person, language) 

romaniol ADJ N Romagnol 

romanse N romance (medieval tale, musical piece); 

romansor N romancer 

romantica ADJ N romantic; relata romantica N romance, 

romantic relationship; romanticisme N romanticism 

romaro N rosemary (herb, plant: species Rosmarinus 

officinalis) 

rombo ADJ rhomboid; N rhombus

ompe VI VT break, tear up; renege on, go back on, fail to 

observe (promise, deal); N breakage, rupture; bust 

(economic); rompeda ADJ broken; rompetesta (comp) 

N puzzle, riddle, brainteaser; mace (weapon) 

ronca VT growl, grunt, grumble, rumble, snore; N growl, 

grunt, rumble; roncin ADJ hoarse 

ronc-ronc INTERJ grunt, oink (pig) 

ronda ADJ round; pudgy, chubby; round (music); rondi VI 

VT round (become rounded, make rounded); rondia N 

roundness 

rondin N swallow (bird: family Hirundinidae); la 

Rondin N Apus (constellation) 

rondo N rondeau (music) 

ronrona VT N purr 

ros ADJ N pink (color); rosi VI turn pink, blush 

rosa N rose (plant, flower: genus Rosa); rosa spinosa N 

sweetbrier, sweetbriar, eglantine rose (plant: species 

Rosa eglanteria, Rosa rubiginosa) 

rosaria N rosary; rosarieta N chaplet 

roseola N roseola infantum, baby measles 

roseta N rosefinch, purple finch (bird: various rosy 

finches of subfamily Carduelinae, especially genus 

Carpodacus) 

rosinol N nightingale (bird: species Luscinia 

megarhynchos) 

rosio N dew; rosiosa ADJ dewy, bedewed 

rosta VT roast; N roast; rosteria N rotisserie 

rostralata N painted snipe (wading bird: three species of 

family Rostratulidae) 

rota N wheel; rota de dentes N gear, cog; rota de 

inertia N flywheel; rota de rola N scroll wheel; rota 

jigante N Ferris wheel; roteta N castor 

rotica ADJ N rhotic (consonant) 

rotifero N rotifer (phylum) 

rotula N kneecap, patella 

rotunda N rotunda 

ru ADJ rough (not smooth), coarse, rugged; ruia N 

roughness, coarseness, ruggedness 

ru N roux 

rua N road (in country, not an urban street); rua sin 

sorti N dead end, cul-de-sac; stalemate, deadlock, 

impasse; rueta N lane, path (in country) 

Ruanda N Rwanda; ruanda ADJ N Rwandan 

ruba VT rob, mug, steal by (threat of) force; N robbery, 

mugging, theft by (threat of) force; rubor N robber, 

mugger 

rubarbo N rhubarb (plant: genus Rheum) 

rubeola N rubella, German measles 

rubi N ruby (gem) 

rubidio N rubidium (element) 

rublo N ruble, rouble (money) 

rubo N bramble (plant: genus Rubus) 

rue N roué 

ruido N noise, cacophony, clamor (US), clamour (Br); 

desruidi VT denoise (images); ruidador N noisemaker 

(device); ruidi VI make noise, blare; ruido blanca N 

white noise; ruidor N noisemaker (person); ruidosa ADJ 

noisy; ADV noisily; ruidosa e enerjiosa ADJ boisterous 

ruina VT ruin, devastate, desolate, ravage; N ruin, 

desolation, devastation, doom, havoc; a ruina ADV to 

ruins, to pieces, apart; ruinada ADJ ruined, desolate, 

devastated, decrepit; ruinada par gera ADJ war-torn; 

ruinas N PL ruins, wreckage 

ruji VT roar, bellow; N roar, bellow 

rum N rum (drink) 

rumba N rumba (dance) 

rumor N rumor (US), rumour (Br); rumores N PL rumors 

(US), rumours (Br), gossip; rumoror N gossip, 

rumormonger (US), rumourmonger (Br) 

runa N rune (alphabet); runal ADJ runic 

rupi N rupee 

rus N ruse, trick, chicanery, prank; rusor N trickster, 

prankster; rusosa ADJ crafty, cunning, tricky, devious, 

sly, shady 

Rusia N Russia; rusce ADJ N Russian (person, language) 

ruta VT N burp, belch 

rutenio N ruthenium (element) 

ruterfordio N rutherfordium (element) 

S /es/ N S (letter) 

S 

sabe VT know (fact, details, how to); N knowledge, knowhow; 

(tu) sabe INTERJ you know (conversational tag); ci 

sabe (si) INTERJ who knows (if); nonsabeda ADJ N 

unknown; ADV unbeknownst; nonsabosa ADJ ignorant; 

sabetota (comp) N know-it-all, smart aleck, smartass, 

wise guy, wiseacre; sabosa ADJ knowledgeable 

sabor N taste, flavor (US), flavour (Br); con 

sabor(es) ADJ flavored (US), flavoured (Br); de sabor 

agu ADJ pungent, sharp-tasting; sabori VI taste (have a 

specified taste); sabori bon V taste good; saborosa ADJ 

tasty, flavorful (US), flavourful (Br), strong-tasting, 

savory (US), savoury (Br); sensa de sabor N sense of 

taste, gustatory sense 

saborea VT savor (US), savour (Br), relish, enjoy 

sabota VT sabotage; N sabotage; sabotor N saboteur 

sabre N saber (US), sabre (Br); scude de sabres N saber 

rattling (US), sabre rattling (Br) 

saca VT sack, pillage, plunder, despoil; sacor N pillager 

Sacartvelo N Georgia (Caucasus); cartuli ADJ N Georgian 


sace N sake (rice wine) 

saci N saki monkey (primate: genus Pithecia) 

saco N sack, bag; saceta N sachet; saco de colpa N 

punching bag, punchbag 

sacrifia VT sacrifice; N sacrifice; autosacrifia N self- 

103

sacrifice 

sacroilio N sacroilium; sacroilial ADJ sacroiliac 

sadiste ADJ sadistic; N sadist; sadisme N sadism 

safari N safari 

safir N sapphire 

saga N saga 

saguaro N saguaro (cactus: species Carnegiea gigantea) 

Sahara N Sahara; sahari ADJ Saharan 

Sahara Ueste N Western Sahara 

saisi VT seize, grasp, grab, snatch, usurp; abduct, kidnap; 

freeze, hang (software); N abduction, kidnapping; 

saisida ADJ seized; frozen (software); saisinte la 

oio ADJ eye-catching, striking 

saison N season (of year); saisonal ADJ seasonal 

saja ADJ wise, sage, judicious; N sage, wise person, wise 

man, wise woman; nonsaja ADJ unwise; ADV unwisely; 

sajia N wisdom, sagacity 

sal N salt; desali V desalinate; N desalination; sali VT 

salinate; N salination; salin ADJ saline; salosa ADJ salty 

sala N room, chamber; ward (hospital); sala de bagaje N 

cloakroom, luggage room, baggage room; sala de 

banio N bathroom; sala de campana N bell chamber, 

belfry; sala de clase N classroom; sala de come N 

dining room; sala de contas N counting house; sala de 

dormi N bedroom; sala de enfantes N nursery, 

playroom; sala de espeta N waiting room; sala de 

femes N ladies' room; sala de furnis N storeroom; sala 

de omes N men's room; sala de rede N (internet) 

chatroom; sala de studia N study (room); sala de 

vesti N dressing room; sala oscur N darkroom (of 

photographer); sala per du N double room; sala per 

un N single room; sala securida N vault (bank); 

saleta N closet, compartment; saleta de comedas N 

pantry, larder; saleta de furnis N storage closet, supply 

closet; saleta de jacas N cloakroom; saleta privata N 

toilet, lavatory, WC; salon N living room, drawing 

room, great room, hall; salon de balo N ballroom; 

salon de conserta N concert hall, auditorium; salon de 

dansa N dance hall; salon de presenta N auditorium 

salada N salad; salada de col N coleslaw 

salamandra N salamander 

salami N salami 

salario N salary, wage, wages; con salario ADJ paid, 

salaried, non-amateur, professional 

salda VT balance, settle (account); N balance (of account) 

saliva N saliva, spittle; salivi VT salivate, water; N 

salivation 

salmo N psalm, canticle, religious poem; libro de 

salmos N psalter 

salmon N salmon (fish: genus Salmo, genus 

Oncorhynchus) 

salopeta N dungarees, bib-and-brace overalls, salopettes 

(skiing) 

salpica VI VT splash, spatter, splatter; N splash 

salsa N sauce; salsa (dance); salsa de carne N gravy; 

salsa de crema N custard; salsa dulse N sweet sauce, 

topping; salsa tatar N tartar sauce (US), tartare sauce 

104 

(Br) 

salse N willow (tree: genus Salix) 

salsix N sausage 

salsola N tumbleweed, salsola, Russian thistle (plant: 

genus Salsola) 

salta VI N jump, leap, spring, bound, pounce; salta con 

corda elastica V bungee-jump; N bungee jump, bungee 

jumping; salta con paracade V skydive, parachute; N 

skydiving, parachuting; salta cuantal N quantum leap; 

salta de la reles V derail; salteta VI start (with 

surprise), flinch, wince 

saluta VT greet, welcome; N greeting, welcome; saluta 

con mano V wave (hand in greeting); saluta 

inclinada V bow (in respect); N bow; saluta militar V 

salute; N (military) salute 

salva VT save, rescue, spare; save up; redeem; N salvation, 

redemption; salvor N savior (US), saviour (Br), rescuer; 

redeemer 

Salvador N El Salvador; salvadoran ADJ N Salvadoran 

salvia N sage (plant: genus Salvia) 

samara N samara (winged fruit of trees such as maples) 

samario N samarium (element) 

samba N samba (dance) 

sambuco N elder, elderberry (plant: genus Sambucus) 

Sami N Lapland; sami N Sami (person, language) 

Samoa N Samoa; Samoa Ueste N Western Samoa; 

samoan ADJ N Samoan (person) 

samovar N samovar 

sampan N sampan (Chinese ship) 

sample VT sample; N sample; samplador N sampler 

(music); sample tipal N cross-section (statistics) 

samsara N samsara 

samurai N samurai 

samuri N squirrel monkey (genus Saimiri) 

san N St, Saint (as a title) 

San Cits e Nevis N Saint Kitts and Nevis; citian ADJ N 

Kittian; nevisian ADJ N Nevisian 

San Lusia N Saint Lucia; sanlusian ADJ N Saint Lucian 

San Marino N San Marino; samarines ADJ N 

Sammarinese 

san Nicolas N Saint Nicholas, Santa Claus 

San Tome e Prinsipe N Sao Tome and Principe; 

santomense ADJ N Sao Tomean 

San Vinsent e la Grenadines N Saint Vincent and the 

Grenadines; grenadian ADJ N Grenadian; 

vinsentian ADJ N Vincentian 

sana ADJ healthy, wholesome; mental sana ADJ sane; 

nonsana ADJ unhealthy; sani VI heal, become healthy, 

get better, recover, recuperate; VT cure, make healthy, 

make better; sania N health; sania mental N mental 

health, sanity; sanitota N cure-all, panacea 

sanbernardo N Saint Bernard (dog breed) 

sandal N sandal; sandaleta N flip-flop, thong, simple 

sandal 

sanduix N sandwich

sanga N sangha 

sanglota VT sob, gasp; N sob 

sangue N blood, gore; con lias de sangue ADJ 

consanguine; lias de sangue N PL consanguinity, blood 

ties; sangui VT bleed; sanguosa ADJ bloody, gory; 

versa de sangue N bloodshed 

sanscrito ADJ N Sanskrit (language) 

santa ADJ holy, sacred; N saint; nonsanta ADJ profane; 

santa padronal N patron saint; santeria N shrine, holy 

place; santi VI VT consecrate, sanctify, hallow; N 

consecration, sanctification; santia N holiness, beatitude 

sanumberto N bloodhound (dog breed) 

sapaio N broad-billed sapayoa (bird: species Sapayoa 

aenigma) 

sapato N shoe; sapateria N shoe shop; sapato de 

sporte N athletic shoe, running shoe, trainer, sneaker, 

gym shoe; sapator N shoemaker, cobbler 

sapo N toad (amphibian: orderer Anura) 

sapon N soap; saponi VT soap; saponosa ADJ soapy 

sapota N sapodilla (tree: species Manilkara zapota) 

sarabanda N saraband (dance) 

saraseno N buckwheat (plant: species Fagopyrum 

esculentum) 

sarcasmo N sarcasm; sarcasmosa ADJ sarcastic 

sarcofago N sarcophagus 

sarcoidose N sarcoidosis 

sarcoma N sarcoma 

sarcopenia N sarcopenia 

sardas N czardas (dance) 

sardina N sardine (fish: genus Sardina, genus Sardinops, 

genus Sardinella) 

Sardinia N Sardinia; sarda ADJ N Sard, Sardinian (person, 

language) 

sari N sari 

sarjento N sergeant 

sarong N sarong 

sasafras N sassafras (tree: species Sassafras albidum) 

sasanan ADJ Sassanid 

sasares ADJ N Sassarese 

sasia VT satisfy, sate, satiate; N satisfaction, satiation; 

autosasiada ADJ self-satisfied, smug, complacent; 

sasiada ADJ satisfied, content, replete, sated, satiated; 

sasiante ADJ satisfying, satisfactory 

sasofon N saxophone, sax; sasofoniste N saxophonist 

sason ADJ N Saxon 

satai N satay 

Satan N Satan; satanisme N Satanism; sataniste N 

Satanist 

satelite N satellite (artificial); orienta par satelite N 

satellite navigation, satnav 

sati N sati, suttee, ritual immolation of widow 

satin N satin 

satir N satyr 

satira ADJ satirical; N satire; satiri VT satirize 

satori N satori 

satura VT saturate, soak through, steep; N saturation 

saturdi N Saturday (day of week) 

Saturno N Saturn (planet, mythology) 

sauain N samhain (pagan holiday) 

saudi ADJ N Saudi, Saudi Arabian; Arabia Saudi N Saudi 

Arabia 

sauna N sauna 

sava N sap (botany) 

savaje ADJ wild, feral, untamed, savage, brutal, beastly; N 

brute, thug; savaji VI VT brutalize, maul; savajia N 

wildness, savagery, brutality 

savana N savanna, bush (rural land) 

saxifraje N saxifrage (plant: genus Saxifraga) 

saximi N sashimi 

sca ADJ ska (music) 

scafal N shelf, ledge, (storage) rack; scaffold; scafal de 

libros N bookshelf 

scala N ladder; scale (values, music); scala pliable N 

stepladder 

scalda VT N scald, singe, sear, burn (surface or edge of); 

scaldada de sol ADJ sunburned 

scalera N (flight of) stairs, staircase, stairway; scalera de 

securia N fire escape; scalera elica N spiral staircase; 

scalera rolante N escalator; scalerin ADJ stepped, 

jagged (like a staircase) 

scalpo N scalp; descalpi VT scalp 

scama N scale (of fish); descami VT descale; sin 

scama ADJ descaled 

scandal N scandal, outrage; scandalosa ADJ scandalous, 

outrageous 

scande VI VT scan (verse); N scansion 

Scandinavia N Scandinavia; scandinavian ADJ N 

Scandinavian 

scandio N scandium (element) 

scane VT scan; scanador N scanner 

scapula N shoulderblade, scapula 

scarabe N beetle, scarab (insect: order Coleoptera); 

scarabe de maio N cockchafer, May beetle, May bug 

(insect: genus Melolontha) 

scaramuxa VI N skirmish, scrimmage, squabble, clash, 

scuffle, mêlée, fray 

scarfa N scarf, stole, muffler 

scarlata ADJ N scarlet (color) 

scarlatina N scarlet fever, scarlatina 

scat ADJ scat (music) 

-sce SUF ADJ N [added to a geographical name: ADJ 

pertaining to; N inhabitant and language (rusce); also 

-an, -es, -i, -ica] 

sceleto N skeleton, framework; sceletal ADJ skeletal (of a 

skeleton); sceletin ADJ skeletal (like a skeleton) 

scema N scheme, plan (of action, of payment); chart, 

diagram, outline, schematic drawing; scemi VT outline, 

plan 

105

scermo N screen, shield; monitor; la Scermo N Scutum 

(constellation); scermi VT shield; scermida de la 

venta ADJ sheltered, shielded from the wind; scermo 

arjento N silver screen; scermo de cristal licuida N 

liquid-crystal display, LCD; scermo eraldial N coat of 

arms; scermo interatante N touchscreen (computer) 

sci N ski; sci VT ski; N skiing; scieria N ski slope, piste; 

scior N skier 

scifel N skiffle (music) 

scizofrenia N schizophrenia; scizofrenica ADJ N 

schizophrenic 

scizoide ADJ schizoid 

scizotipal ADJ schizotypal 

sclavo N slave; sclavi VI become a slave, be enslaved; VT 

enslave; sclavia N slavery, servitude, bondage; 

sclavin ADJ slavish, servile, subservient 

sclera N sclera (anatomy) 

scleroderma N scleroderma 

sclerose N sclerosis 

scola N school; faculty, department, college (of 

university); scola de opina N school of thought; scola 

prima N primary school, elementary school, grade 

school; scolal ADJ school; scolor N scholar, 

intellectual; scoloral ADJ scholarly, intellectual; 

scoloria N scholarship 

scon N scone 

scopa N broom, (large) brush; scopa de franjes N mop; 

scopi VT sweep, brush; scopineva (comp) N snowplow 

(US), snowplough (Br); scopor N sweeper, sweep; 

scopor de ximine N chimneysweep 

scorbuto N scurvy (disease) 

scoria N scoria, slag (geology) 

scorpion N scorpion (arachnid: order Scorpiones); la 

Scorpion N Scorpio (constellation) 

Scotland N Scotland; scotes ADJ Scottish, Scots; N Scot 

(person) 

scotoma N scotoma 

scraxa VT scratch (music) 

scrima VI fence (sport); N fencing (sport); scrimor N 

fencer 

scrito N script (text of play) 

scrive VT write; burn (disc); N writing (act); malscrive V 

N scribble; scrivador N word processor; scrivador de 

cd N CD writer, CD burner; scrivador de disco N CD 

writer, DVD writer, CD burner, DVD burner; scrivador 

de dvd N DVD writer, DVD burner; scrive corente N 

cursive writing; scrive de mano N handwriting; 

scriveda N writing (produced); scrivedas santa N PL 

scriptures, holy texts; scriveria N small writing desk, 

escritoire, school desk; scriveta V N scribble; 

scriviste N scribe; scrivor N writer; scrivor de 

colona N columnist; scrivor ombral N ghostwriter; 

suprascrive V overwrite; suprascriveda ADJ 

overwritten; N palimpsest; suscrive V sign (put a 

signature to), register, underwrite; N signature; suscrive 

per entra V sign in, check in, register (airport, hotel); 

suscrive per retira V sign out, check out (airport, 

hotel) 

106 

scroto N scrotum; scrotal ADJ scrotal 

scuadron N squadron 

scuax N squash (sport); scuaxor N squash player 

scude VI VT shake, agitate, shake up, judder, wag; N 

shaking 

sculta VT sculpt; N sculpture, statue; la Scultor N Sculptor 

(constellation); sculteta N statuette, figurine; scultor N 

sculptor 

scural N squirrel (mammal: family Sciuridae) 

se PRON himself, herself, itself, themselves (reflexive); 

DET his, her, its, their (not necessarily reflexive) 

seaborgio N seaborgium (element) 

seanse N seance; fa un seanse V hold a seance 

sebo N sebum; tallow; sebosa ADJ sebaceous 

seborea N seborrhea (US), seborrhoea (Br) 

sebuano ADJ N Cebuano (language) 

seca ADJ dry, arid; secador N dryer, drier (machine); 

secador de capeles N hairdryer; seci VI dry, wither, 

wilt; VT dry, wipe up (e.g. a spill), wipe away (e.g. 

tears); secia N dryness, drought 

seco N cecum (US), caecum (Br) 

secondo N second (measure of time); nanosecondo N 

nanosecond; picosecondo N picosecond 

secreta ADJ secret, clandestine, esoteric, stealthy, furtive, 

covert, surreptitious; ADV secretly, in secret, stealthily; N 

secret; desecreti V declassify; secreteria N secretariat; 

secreti VI VT classify, keep secret; secretor N secretary, 

clerk; secretosa ADJ secretive 

secrete VT secrete; N secretion 

secular ADJ secular 

secuoia N sequoia 

secur ADJ safe, secure; desecuri V unlock; nonsecur ADJ 

insecure, loose; secur contra acua ADJ waterproof; 

secur contra baletas ADJ bulletproof; secur contra 

bobos ADJ foolproof, idiotproof; secur contra 

falta ADJ failsafe; secur contra lus ADJ lightproof, 

lightfast; secur per gida ADJ roadworthy; secur per 

vola ADJ airworthy; securable ADJ securable, lockable; 

securador N lock (of door); securador pendente N 

padlock; secureria N safe room, panic room; securi VI 

VT secure, make safe, lock; strap up, tether; securia N 

safety, security; securipolso N handcuff, manacle; 

securitalo N fetter, shackle 

seda N silk; seda de arania N spider silk, gossamer; 

sedin ADJ silky 

sede VT yield, concede, surrender, submit, succumb, give 

up, relinquish, grant, give way, acquiesce; N concession, 

surrender, submission, acquiescence; nonsedente ADJ 

unyielding, relentless, unremitting; retrosede VI recede; 

relegate, demote; N recession; retrosede economial N 

economic recession; sedente ADJ yielding, submissive, 

docile 

sedilia N cedilla 

sedro N cedar (tree: genus Cedrus) 

sedui VT seduce, entice; N seduction; seduor N seductor, 

seductress 

sefalaljia N cephalalgia

sefalopodo N cephalopod (mollusc: class Cephalopoda) 

Sefeo N Cepheus (constellation, mythology) 

segal N rye (plant: species Secale cereale) 

segue VT follow, trail, retrace; ensue; honor (US), honour 

(Br), observe, stick to, comply with (agreement); 

succeed (one's predecessor); N sequence; en segue ADJ 

in sequence, running, consecutive, in a row; nonsegue 

de acorda N breach of contract; seguador N sequencer 

(music); seguente ADJ following, next, subsequent; 

consecutive, sequential; N successor; sequel; PREP 

following, according to; seguor N follower; henchman; 

successor; seguores N PL followers, retinue; tempo 

seguente N aftermath, wake 

seguensa VT sequence (genetics) 

seja N chair, seat; con du sejas ADJ two-seater; seja 

jirante N swivel chair; seja osilante N rocking chair; 

seja portada N sedan chair, palanquin, litter; seja 

reclinante N recliner, reclining chair, laz-e-boy; seja 

retro N back seat; seja rolante N wheelchair; sejeta N 

small seat, stool; sejon N armchair 

sela N saddle 

selaco N shark (fish: superorder Selachimorpha) 

selebra VT celebrate, rejoice, exult, revel in; N celebration, 

party, bash, prom, fête (US); selebra a lus de 

candelas N candlelight ceremony; selebra de coctel N 

cocktail party; selebra de sera N soiree; selebra 

mascida N masquerade party; selebrada ADJ 

celebrated, renowned; N celebrity (person); selebria N 

celebrity (concept); selebror N reveler (US), reveller 

(Br) 

selenio N selenium (element) 

seleri N celery (plant: species Apium graveolens) 

seleucan ADJ Seleucid 

selo N seal (tight closure); seal (e.g. of wax); postage 

stamp; aplica un selo V seal (e.g. with wax); apply a 

postage stamp; con labios selida ADJ with sealed lips, 

tight-lipped; selable ADJ sealable (e.g. a container); 

seli VT seal (tightly close); seal (e.g. with wax); selo 

postal N postage stamp 

selobiosa N cellobiose 

selula N cell (anatomy, prison, monastery), cubicle; selula 

de sangue N blood cell, corpuscle; selula madrin N 

stem cell 

seluloide N celluloid 

selulosa N cellulose 

semafor N semaphore, (set of) traffic lights 

semana N week; a esta semana ADV this week; a la 

semana ante esta ADV last week; a la semana pos 

esta ADV next week; a la semana presedente ADV the 

previous week; a la semana seguente ADV the 

following week; en un semana ADV in one week, 

during one week, within one week; pos un 

semana ADV in one week, in one week's time; 

semanal ADJ weekly 

semantica N semantics; semantical ADJ semantic 

sembla VT resemble; N resemblance; desembla V 

disguise; N disguise; lo sembla un roca it resembles a 

rock 

seme N seed; pip, pit, stone (of fruit); semador N seed 

drill, seeder; semi VT sow, seed; N sowing 

semento N cement; sementi VT cement 

semestre N semester 

semetero N cemetery, graveyard, churchyard 

semianial ADJ semi-annual, biannual; ADV twice a year 

semiase major N semi-major axis (astronomy) 

semiconduador N semiconductor 

semilicuida ADJ N semiliquid 

semimensal ADJ semi-monthly; ADV twice a month 

semin N semen; seminal ADJ seminal; semini VT 

inseminate; N insemination 

seminario N seminary; seminariste N seminarian 

semiotica N semiotics; semiotical ADJ semiotic 

semiprofesal ADJ semiprofessional 

semisirculo ADJ semicircular; N semicircle 

semita ADJ Semitic (person, language); N Semite; 

antisemita ADJ antisemitic; N antisemite 

semitono N semitone 

semivive N half-life (radioactivity) 

semivocal ADJ semivocalic; N semivowel 

sempre ADV always, forever, ever; no sempre ADV not 

always, not necessarily; per sempre ADV forever; 

sempre denova ADV again and again, time and again, 

time after time; sempre min ADV ever less, less and 

less; sempre plu ADV ever more, more and more; 

sempre presente ADJ omnipresent, ubiquitous 

sena N scene; sena retrospetante N flashback (theatre, 

movies) 

senario N screenplay, scenario; senariste N screenwriter, 

scenarist 

senato N senate; senator N senator 

sene N ash, cinders (substance); seneria N crematorium; 

senes N PL ashes, cinders (ash remaining after a 

particular thing has been burned); seni VI VT cremate, 

cremation 

Senegal N Senegal; senegales ADJ N Senegalese 

senese VI age, become old, grow old; VT age; N old age, 

senescence; senesente ADJ aging, aged, old, elderly; N 

old person, elderly person 

senglar N wild boar (mammal: species Sus scrofa) 

senil ADJ senile; senilia N senility 

senior N gentleman, lord, master; sir (form of address); 

Mr (in names); Lord (religious); seniora N lady; ma'am 

(form of address); Mrs, Miss, Ms (in names); senioras 

e seniores N ladies and gentlemen; senioreta N miss, 

Miss (only for use in historical texts: denotes a girl or 

unmarried woman); senioreto N master, Master (only 

for use in historical texts: denotes a boy); senioria N 

lordship, ladyship 

seno N breast, bosom (one of pair); a seno ADJ at the 

breast, suckling (humans); senos N PL breasts, bosom, 

bust 

senozoica ADJ N cenozoic (geology) 

sensa VT sense (perceive); N sense (perception); 

107

sensation; nonsensosa ADJ insensitive, numb; 

nonsensosia N insensitivity, numbness; sensa 

comun N common sense; sensador N sensor; 

sensal ADJ sensory, sensuous (pertaining to the senses); 

sensante ADJ sentient; sensosa ADJ sensitive; 

sensosia N sensitivity 

sensura VT censor; N censorship; sensuror N censor 

(person) 

senta VI sit (be sitting); VT seat; senta se V sit down; 

sentante ADJ sitting, seated, sedentary 

sentauro N centaur (mythological creature); la 

Sentauro N Centaurus (constellation) 

sentenio N century; sentenial ADJ centennial 

senti VT feel (something: emotion, pain, touch, pressure, 

etc); VI (copula) feel, consider oneself to be; N feeling; 

nonsentosa ADJ unfeeling, unsentimental; senti de 

bon umor V feel cheerful, consider oneself cheerful; 

senti de ja videda N déjà vu; senti felis V feel happy, 

consider oneself happy; senti felisia V feel happiness; 

senti se es felis V feel happy, consider oneself happy; 

sentosa ADJ sentimental; sentosia N sentimentalism 

senti- PREF centi- [a hundredth] 

sentim N cent, penny (money) 

sento DET (a) hundred; ADJ hundredth (ordinal); senti VI 

split into a hundred parts; N hundredth (fraction) 

sentopede N centipede (arthropod: class Chilopoda) 

Sentrafrica N Central African Republic (also (Republica 

de Africa Sentral)); sentrafrican ADJ N Central African 

sentrifuga N centrifuge; sentrifugal ADJ centrifugal; 

sentrifugi VT centrifuge 

sentriol N centriole 

sentripeta ADJ centripetal 

sentro N center (US), centre (Br); hub; nonsentral ADJ 

noncentral, off center (US), off centre (Br); sentral ADJ 

central, pivotal; sentri VI VT centralize, center (US), 

centre (Br); sentro comersial N shopping mall (US), 

shopping centre (Br); sentro de recrea N recreation 

center (US), recreation centre (Br); sentro de rexerca N 

research center (US), research centre (Br), think tank; 

sentro de site N downtown, center city (US), city 

centre (Br) (business, commercial, and entertainment 

center of a city); sentro eletrical N power station, 

power plant; sentror N center, midfielder (sports) 

separa VT separate, differentiate, discriminate; N 

separation, differentiation, discrimination; 

nonseparable ADJ inseparable; separada ADJ separate, 

distinct, discrete; ADV separately, apart; separisme N 

separatism, apartheid 

sepe N hedge; sepi VT hedge 

sepia ADJ N sepia 

sepida N cuttlefish (mollusc: order Sepiida) 

sepiolita N sepiolite 

sepse N sepsis; antisepse ADJ N antiseptic; 

nonsepsica ADJ aseptic; sepsica ADJ septic 

sera N evening, eve; a esta sera ADV this evening, 

tonight; a sera ADV in the evening; a sera doman ADV 

tomorrow evening; a sera ier ADV yesterday evening; a 

sera oji ADV this evening, tonight; la sera ante N the 

108 

evening before, the eve of; sera de Res N Epiphany 

Eve, Twelfth Night 

serafin N seraph 

seramica ADJ ceramic; N piece of pottery; arte de 

seramica N ceramic art, pottery 

seratonina N seratonin 

Serbia N Serbia; serbsce ADJ N Serbian (person, 

language) 

serca N fence; serci V fence 

sereal ADJ cereal; N cereal 

serebro N brain, cerebrum; serebral ADJ cerebral; 

serebreta N cerebellum; serebretal ADJ cerebellar 

serebrospinal ADJ cerebrospinal 

serenada VT N serenade 

seria ADJ serious, earnest, solemn, strict, responsible; ADV 

seriously, earnestly, solemnly, strictly; N seriousness, 

solemnity, gravity; nonseria ADJ frivolous; sin 

seria ADJ frivolous 

serie N series; serial ADJ serial; ADV in series 

serif N serif (typography); con serif ADJ serif, seriffed; sin 

serif ADJ sans serif 

serin N serin (bird: genus Serinus) 

serio N cerium (element) 

serisa N cherry (fruit); seriso N cherry tree (tree: 

subgenus Cerasus) 

sermon N sermon; sermonor N preacher 

sero N whey; serum 

serpe VI meander, snake, wind; wriggle, wiggle; la 

Serpente N Serpens (constellation); la Serpentor N 

Ophiuchus (constellation); serpe a via de V wriggle out 

of, weasel out of; serpente N snake, serpent (reptile: 

order Serpentes, Ophidia); serpentin ADJ serpentine, 

meandering, convoluted; serpentor N snake handler, 

snake charmer; secretary bird 

serta ADJ certain, sure, confident; ADV certainly, surely, 

definitely, assuredly; serti VI VT confirm, check, verify, 

assure, ensure, certify, authenticate; N confirmation, 

check, verification, assurance, certification, 

authentication; serti de sona N sound check (music); 

sertia N certainty, assuredness, confidence; sertida ADJ 

authentic, genuine 

serumen N earwax, cerumen 

serval N serval (mammal: species Leptailurus serval) 

servi VT serve (present someone with); N serving, service; 

autoservi N self-service; culier de servi N serving 

spoon; plato de servi N serving dish, serving plate; 

servador N server (computer, utensil); servi de ueb N 

web service; servi publica N service, (public) utility; 

servi un bevida a algun V serve someone a drink; 

servor N server, waiter, waitress, servant; servor de 

casa N servant, domestic worker; servor de 

restorante N waiter, waitress 

servo N deer (mammal: family Cervidae); serveta N fawn, 

baby deer; servo fema N doe, female deer; servo 

mas N buck, male deer 

servomacina N servomechanism 

servomotor N servomotor

ses DET six; ADJ sixth (ordinal); sesi VI split into six; N 

sixth (fraction); sesuple ADJ sextuple; N sextet 

sesa VI cease, stop (activity, oneself), quit; N cessation; 

nonsesante ADJ unceasing, incessant; 

sesafusili (comp) N ceasefire, truce, armistice 

sesamo N sesame (plant, seed: genus Sesamum) 

sesarea N Caesarian, Caesarian section 

sesio N cesium (US), caesium (Br) (element) 

sesion N section, segment; sesion traversal N crosssection 

(image); sesioni VI VT section, segment, 

partition, dissect; suprasesional ADJ suprasegmental 

sesjemelo N sextuplet 

seso N sex, gender; sexual intercourse; fa la seso V have 

sex, make love; nonsesal ADJ asexual; sesal ADJ 

sexual, sensual, erotic; sesia N sexuality; sesisme N 

sexism; sesiste N sexist; sesosa ADJ sexy 

sesoto ADJ N Sesotho, Sotho (language) 

sestante N sextant; la Sestante N Sextans (constellation) 

sesto N basket; sesto de pexa N fish basket, creel 

set N set (tennis) 

seta N sect; setal ADJ sectarian; setalisme N sectarianism 

sete DET seven; ADJ seventh (ordinal); seti VI split into 

seven; N seventh (fraction) 

setejemelo N septuplet 

setembre N September (month) 

setica ADJ skeptical (US), sceptical (Br); N skeptic (US), 

sceptic (Br); seticisme N skepticism (US), scepticism 

(Br) 

setro N scepter (US), sceptre (Br) 

sever ADJ severe, stern, strict, harsh, acerbic, austere, 

ascetic, rigorous; severia N severity, strictness, 

harshness, rigor (US), rigour (Br) 

Sexeles N PL Seychelles; sexeles ADJ N Seychellois 

sfera ADJ spherical; N sphere, orb; sfera de sielo N 

celestial sphere 

sfigmometre N sphygmomanometer, blood-pressure 

gauge 

sfinter N sphincter 

si CONJ if, as long as, provided; whether (introducing an 

indirect question); si esta no aveni CONJ if this does 

not happen, unless this happens; si no (donce) CONJ if 

not (then), otherwise, else; si sola CONJ if only 

si INTERJ yes, indeed so 

sian ADJ N cyan (color) 

sianografia N blueprint 

sianose N cyanosis 

sibercaferia N cybercafe 

sibercriminal N cybercriminal 

siberspasio N cyberspace 

sibila VT whistle; N whistle (act, sound); sibileta N whistle 

(instrument); sibilor N whistler (person; bird: family 

Pachycephalinae) 

Sibir N Siberia 

sibirsce ADJ N Siberian 

sibolina N chive (plant: species Allium schoenoprasum) 

sic ADJ N Sikh 

sicada N cycad (plant: order Cycadales) 

sicala N cicada (insect: infraorder Cicadomorpha) 

sicatris N scar, cicatrix; sicatrisi VI VT scar, cicatrize 

siciste ADJ N Sikh; sicisme N Sikhism 

siclamen N cyclamen (plant: genus Cyclamen) 

sicle ADJ cyclic, looping; N cycle (of process), loop; 

resiclable ADJ N recyclable; resicli V recycle; sicle 

vil N vicious circle; sicle virtuosa N virtuous circle; 

sicli VI VT cycle, loop; siclisme N cycling, bicycling; 

sicliste N cyclist; siclon N cyclone, typhoon, hurricane 

siconia N stork (bird: family Ciconiidae) 

side ADJ thirsty; sidi VI thirst, become thirsty; VT cause to 

be thirsty; sidia N thirst 

sidra N cider (alcoholic) 

sieca ADJ blind; partal sieca ADJ partially blind, purblind; 

sieci VI go blind; VT blind, dazzle; siecia N blindness 

sielo N sky; heaven; su sielo ADJ open-air; ADV in the 

open air 

siena ADJ N sienna 

siensa N science; siensa de atmosfera N atmospheric 

science; siensal ADJ scientific; siensas umana N PL 

human sciences, humanities; siensiste N scientist 

siera N saw (tool); siera alternante N jigsaw (power), 

scroll saw, sabresaw, reciprocating saw; siera arcin N 

bowsaw; siera de banda N band saw; siera de junta N 

miter saw (US), mitre saw (Br); siera de mano N 

handsaw; siera de table N table saw; siera per metal N 

hacksaw; siera radial N radial saw; siera sirculo N 

circular saw; sieri VT saw; N sawing; sieribuco (comp) 

N hole saw; siericurva (comp) N jigsaw (hand), coping 

saw, fretsaw; sierin ADJ jagged, serrated 

Siera Leon N Sierra Leone; sieraleonian ADJ N Sierra 

Leonean 

sifilis N syphilis; sifilisica ADJ syphilitic 

sifra N code, cipher (cryptic); desifrable ADJ 

decipherable; desifri V decode, decipher, decrypt; N 

decryption; nondesifrable ADJ indecipherable; sifri VT 

encode, encipher, encrypt; N encryption 

sigar N cigar; sigareta N cigarette 

sigma N sigma (Greek letter) 

sigmoide ADJ sigmoid; N sigmoid colon 

sil N lash, eyelash; suprasil N eyebrow 

silaba N syllable 

silabario N syllabary 

silente ADJ silent, quiet, mute; silentador N silencer, 

muffler; silenti VI fall silent, be quiet, say nothing, shut 

up; VT hush; silentia N silence 

silica N silica, silicon dioxide 

silico N silicon (element) 

silicon N silicone (synthetic resin) 

silindre ADJ cylindrical; N cylinder 

silio N cilium 

silueta VT silhouette; N silhouette 

109

silurian ADJ N silurian (geology) 

simbal N cymbal 

simbol N symbol, sign, token; simboles N PL symbols, 

notation; simboli VT symbolize; N symbolization; 

simbolisme N symbolism 

simbolojia N symbology 

simense N siemens (measure) 

simetre ADJ symmetrical; nonsimetre ADJ asymmetrical; 

nonsimetria N asymmetry; simetria N symmetry 

simfito N sawfly (insect: suborder Symphyta) 

simfonia N symphony; simfonial ADJ symphonic (to do 

with symphonies); simfonin ADJ symphonic (like a 

symphony) 

simia N monkey, small primate (primate: infraorder 

Simiiformes, excepting superfamily Hominoidea) 

simil ADJ similar, alike, kindred; ADV similarly, in a 

similar way; nonsimil ADJ unlike, unalike, dissimilar; o 

simil or so, or thereabouts, or something like that; 

simili VI VT simulate; N simulation, simulacrum, 

likeness; similia N similarity 

simitar N scimitar 

simpatia N fellow-feeling, mutual liking; being on the 

same wavelength (metaphorically); simpatiosa ADJ 

sympathetic (to an idea, but not feeling pity for) 

simple ADJ simple, uncomplicated, rudimentary, mere; 

ADV simply, merely; simpli VI VT simplify; streamline; 

N simplification; simplia N simplicity 

simultan ADJ simultaneous; ADV simultaneously; 

simultania N simultaneity, synchronicity 

sin PREP without, lacking; sin ce CONJ without; la gato 

entra la sala sin ce algun vide lo the cat enters the 

room without anyone seeing it 

sinagoga N synagogue 

sinala ADJ N Sinhala, Sinhalese (person, language) 

sincim N twenty-cent piece (money) 

sinclo N dipper (bird: genus Cinclus) 

sinclosoma N whipbird (bird: genus Cinclosomatidae) 

sinco DET five; ADJ fifth (ordinal); sinci VI split into five; 

N fifth (fraction); sincuple ADJ quintuple; N quintet 

sincojemelo N quintuplet 

sincopa VT syncopate; N syncopation (music) 

sincrona ADJ synchronous, synchronic, in sync; N 

synchronism; sincroni VI VT synchronize, sync; N 

synchronization, sync 

sindi ADJ N Sindhi (person, language) 

sindicato N syndicate, labor union, trade union, guild; 

sindicati VT unionize; sindicatisme N syndicalism; 

sindicatiste N unionist, syndicalist 

sindrom N syndrome, disorder (medical); sindrom de 

angusa pos trauma N post-traumatic stress disorder; 

sindrom de Down N Down syndrome, Down's 

syndrome; sindrom de osese e compulsa N obsessivecompulsive 

disorder 

sinema N cinema, movie theater; fan de sinema N 

moviegoer, film fan, cinema fan; sinema de casa N 

home theater (US), home cinema; sinemiste N 

110 

cinematographer, filmmaker, moviemaker 

sinemafil N moviegoer, film fan, cinema fan 

sinematografia N cinematography, filmmaking, 

moviemaking; sinematografiste N cinematographer, 

filmmaker, moviemaker 

sinerjia N synergy; sinerjial ADJ synergetic, synergistic 

Singapor N Singapore; singapor ADJ N Singaporean 

singular ADJ singular (grammar); N singular (grammar); 

single (music) 

singularia N singularity (physics) 

sinia VT signify (be a sign of), signal; sign (use sign 

language; but not sign one's name); N sign, emblem; 

character (typography); signal; codigo fisical de 

sinias N character encoding (e.g. UTF-8); codigo 

numeral de sinias N character code (assigning 

numbers to characters); colie de sinias N character set, 

character repertoire (e.g. Unicode); numero de sinia N 

code position, code point, code number, character 

number; sinia de “a” N at sign (); sinia de daga N 

dagger, obelus (†); sinia de demanda N question mark 

(?); sinia de “e” N ampersand (&); sinia de egalia N 

equals sign (=); sinia de elidi N apostrophe (’); sinia de 

esclama N exclamation mark, exclamation point (); 

sinia de grandia N greater-than sign ()>; sinia de 

junta N hyphen, dash (-); sinia de min N minus sign (-); 

sinia de numero N number sign (#); sinia de petia N 

less-than sign (

sintatica N syntax; sintatical ADJ syntactic, syntactical 

sintese VT synthesize; N synthesis; sintesador N 

synthesizer, synth; sintesador de vose N vocoder 

sintil N spark; sintili VI VT spark, sparkle, twinkle, 

glimmer, shimmer, glisten 

sintom N symptom; nonsintomal ADJ asymptomatic; 

sintomal ADJ symptomatic 

sintomolojia N symptomatology 

sintur N belt, cincture; sintureta N watchband, 

watchstrap; armband 

sinus N sinus (anatomy); sine (mathematics) 

sinusite N sinusitis 

sipero N sedge (plant: genus Cyperus) 

sipres N cypress (tree: family Cupressaceae) 

sir N sir (part of person's name) 

sira N wax; sirin ADJ waxy 

sirca PREP around, surrounding, circling; (topic) 

concerning, about, pertaining to; about, approximately, 

almost, nearly, not quite, just, practically, virtually; a 

sirca ADV around; approximately 

sircadial ADJ circadian 

sirco N circus 

sircoflexe N circumflex 

sirconaviga VT circumnavigate; N circumnavigation 

sircopolal ADJ circumpolar 

sircoside VT circumcise; N circumcision 

sircoveni VT bypass, circumvent, work around; N 

circumvention 

sircuito N circuit (electrical); sircuito corta N short 

circuit; sircuito integrada N integrated circuit 

sirculo ADJ circular; N circle; circuit (but not electrical); 

nonsirculo ADJ noncircular, eccentric (orbit); sirculi VI 

circle, wheel; circulate; mill arond; N circulation; 

sirculo de trafica N roundabout, traffic circle 

sirfido N hoverfly (insect: family Syrphidae) 

siringa N syringe; siringi VT syringe 

siripede N barnacle (crustacean: infraclass Cirripedia) 

siro ADJ N cirrus (cloud) 

sirose N cirrhosis 

sirsacar N seersucker 

sirurjia N surgery; posirurjial ADJ postoperative; 

presirurjial ADJ preoperative; sirurjia plastica N plastic 

surgery; sirurjial ADJ surgical; sirurjiste N surgeon; 

sirurjiste plastica N plastic surgeon 

sisa VT hiss; whizz; N hiss; sisante ADJ hissing, sibilant; 

N sibilant (consonant) 

sisel N chisel; la Sisel N Caelum (constellation); siseli VT 

chisel, carve; N carving 

Sisilia N Sicily; sisilian ADJ N Sicilian (person, language) 

sismograf N seismograph; sismografia N seismography 

sisor N (pair of) scissors; sisori VT cut (with scissors), 

snip, trim; sisoron N (pair of) shears 

siste N cyst; sistal ADJ cystic 

sistem N system; sistem de fix N file system, filing 

system (software); sistem de opera N operating system 

(software); sistem de reprodui N reproductive system; 

sistem de valua local N positional system (for 

numbers); sistem vocal N vowel system, vocalism; 

sistemal ADJ systemic; sistemosa ADJ systematic 

sisticola N cisticola (bird: genus Cisticola) 

sistite N cystitis 

sita VT quote, cite; N quotation; malsita V misquote; N 

misquotation; sita jusosa N sound bite; sita 

provocante N sound bite 

sita N nuthatch (bird: genus Sitta) 

sitar N sitar 

site N city (politically defined, with clear boundaries; but 

not the old part of a town; compare urbe) 

Site de Vatican N Vatican City; vatican ADJ Vatican 

sitela N sittella (bird: genus Daphoenositta) 

sitizan N citizen; deveni un sitizan V become a citizen; 

sitizan a stranjer N expatriate; sitizan comun N 

ordinary citizen, commoner; sitizania N citizenship 

sitoplasma N cytoplasm 

sitosceleto N cytoskeleton 

sitra N zither 

sitrica ADJ citric 

situa VT situate, site; N situation, context, circumstances; 

bon situada ADJ convenient, opportune; es situada V 

be situated; mal situada ADJ inconvenient, inopportune 

siverte N sievert (measure) 

siveta N civet (mammal: family Viverridae) 

sivil ADJ civil, civilized; N civilian; nonsivilida ADJ 

uncivilized, primitive, savage; sivili VI VT civilize; N 

civilization (act); sivilia N civilization (concept); Sivilia 

de la Vale Indo N Indus Valley Civilization; Sivilia 

Minoan N Minoan Civilization; sivilida ADJ civilized 

sizijia N syzygy 

sizijio N clove (plant: species Syzygium aromaticum) 

slalom N slalom 

slavica ADJ N Slavic (person, language) 

slip N (pair of) briefs (legless); panties (US), knickers 

(Br); slip de anca N (pair of) boyshorts, boyleg briefs, 

booty shorts, shorties, hip-huggers; slip de boxor N 

(pair of) boxer briefs; slip de nada N (pair of) bikini 

bottoms; (pair of) speedos, (brief) swimming trunks 

slogan N slogan, motto, legend; sloganor N sloganeer 

Slovenia N Slovenia; slovenian ADJ N Slovenian (person, 

language) 

Slovensco N Slovakia; slovensce ADJ N Slovak, 

Slovakian (person, language) 

slup N sloop 

smilax N sarsaparilla, greenbrier, smilax (plant: genus 

Smilax) 

smorgasbord N smorgasbord 

soborna VT bribe; N bribe, bribery 

sobre ADJ sober; sobria N sobriety 

sobrina N niece (female relative of one's children's 

generation, including removed cousin, but not 

111

daughter); dusobrina N female cousin of one's 

grandchildren's generation; dusobrino N male cousin of 

one's grandchildren's generation; sobrino N nephew 

(male relative of one's children's generation, including 

removed cousin, but not son); tresobrina N female 

cousin of one's great-grandchildren's generation; 

tresobrino N male cousin of one's great-grandchildren's 

generation 

soda N soda, soda water 

sodio N sodium (element) 

sodomia N sodomy; sodomiste N sodomite 

sofa N sofa, couch, settee; sofa con leto N sofa bed; sofa 

sin dorso N divan 

sofiste N sophist; sofisme N sophism 

sofistica VT sophisticate; N sophistication, elegance; 

sofisticada ADJ sophisticated, elegant; N sophisticate 

sofito N ceiling 

sofla VI VT blow (air); soflador N blower, bellows; 

sofleta V puff; N puff (of air); soflon N gust (of air) 

sofoca VI VT suffocate, strangle, choke, smother; N 

suffocation; sofoca de caldia V swelter 

soia N soya, soybean (seed, plant: species Glycine max); 

seme de soia N soybean (US), soya bean (Br) 

sol N sun; solal ADJ solar; soleria N solarium; solosa ADJ 

sunny 

sol ADJ N soul (music) 

sola DET only, sole, single; ADV only, just, solely, 

exclusively; sola si CONJ provided that, on condition 

that 

solano N nightshade, horsenettle (plant: genus Solanum); 

solano negra N black nightshade (plant: species 

Solanum nigrum) 

solda VT solder 

soldato N soldier; soldato de pede N infantry soldier; 

soldatos N PL soldiers, troops 

soldi N Sunday (day of week) 

soldura N solder 

solea N sole (fish: family Soleidae); solea american N 

American sole (fish: family Achiridae) 

solida ADJ solid; N solid; solidi VI VT solidify; 

consolidate; N solidification; consolidation; solidia N 

solidity, integrity 

solitar ADJ solitary, alone, lonely, isolated; N loner; 

solitaria N solitude, loneliness, isolation; solitary 

confinement 

solo N floor (inside); susolo N cellar, basement 

solo ADJ solo; N solo (music); soliste N soloist; soliste de 

gitar N lead guitarist 

solstisio N solstice; solstisio de estate N summer 

solstice; solstisio de inverno N winter solstice 

solve VT solve (problem); N solution; nonsolvable ADJ 

insoluble; solvable ADJ soluble; solve bela N elegant 

solution 

soma VI VT add up; N sum, total, addition 

Somalia N Somalia; somali ADJ N Somalian 

sombre ADJ somber (US), sombre (Br), bleak, gloomy, 

112 

dismal, dull, dreary, dingy, lugubrious; sombria N 

somberness (US), sombreness (Br), bleakness, gloom, 

gloominess, dreariness 

sombrero N sombrero 

sona VI VT sound (alarm, horn), ring (bell, doorbell); N 

sound; bon sonante ADJ good-sounding, euphonious, 

mellifluous; mal sonante ADJ bad-sounding, 

cacophonous; resona V resound, resonate, 

reverberation, echo; snore; N reverberation, echo; 

resona densa V reverberate; N reverberation (merged 

echoes); resonante ADJ resonating, reverberating, 

resonant; sona de paso N footstep; sona de velia N 

reveille; sona vocal N vowel sound, vocalism; 

sonante ADJ N sonorant (vowels and consonants) 

sonambula VI sleepwalk; N sleepwalking, somnambulism; 

sonambulor N sleepwalker, somnambulist 

sonar N sonar 

sonata N sonata 

sonda VT probe, survey, poll; N probe, survey, poll; sonda 

spasial N space probe 

soneto N sonnet 

sonia VT dream; N dream; malsonia V have a nightmare; 

N nightmare; sonin ADJ dreamlike; sonior N dreamer; 

soniosa ADJ dreamy 

sopa N soup 

soprano N soprano; mediasoprano N mezzo-soprano 

sorbe VT N sip; sorbe ruidosa V N slurp 

sorbete N sorbet 

sorbo N rowan (tree: genus Sorbus) 

sorda ADJ deaf; sordi VI go deaf; VT deafen; sordia N 

deafness 

sore N sister (including nun); duisore N half-sister; sore 

par lege N stepsister; sore par sposi N sister-in-law; 

soreria N sisterhood, sorority (organization); convent; 

soria N sisterhood, sisterliness 

sorgo N sorghum (plant: genus Sorghum) 

sorsor N witch, wizard, sorcerer; sorsoria N sorcery, 

witchcraft 

sorti VI go out, get out, exit, leave, evacuate; N exit, way 

out, check-out; sorti de securia N emergency exit 

sosia N society; antisosial ADJ antisocial; N sociopath, 

psychopath; sosial ADJ social; sociable; ADV socially; 

sociably; sosialisme N socialism; sosialiste N socialist 

sosiobiolojia N sociobiology 

sosiolojia N sociology; sosiolojial ADJ sociological; 

sosiolojiste N sociologist 

sote V N sauté 

soviet ADJ N soviet (council) 

spada N sword; spade (card suit); spada curva N 

scimitar; spador N swordfighter, swordsman, 

swordswoman 

spageti N spaghetti 

spala N shoulder 

spam N spam, junk email; spamor N spammer 

spaniel N spaniel (dog breed)

spasio N space, room, void; spasi V space, space out; N 

spacing; spasial ADJ spatial; spasior N astronaut, 

spaceman, spacewoman; spasiosa ADJ spacious, 

roomy, capacious 

spasiotempo N spacetime 

spasma VI N spasm, twitch 

spatula N spatula; squeegee; putty knife 

spele VT spell (word); N spelling, orthography; 

malspele V misspell; N misspelling; spelador N 

spelling checker, spell checker, spell check; spelal ADJ 

orthographic 

spende VT spend (money, energy, resources, time); N 

spending, expense, expenditure; malspende V 

squander, waste 

sperde VI VT scatter, disperse, spread, strew, litter, 

proliferate, disband; N scattering, dispersal; 

proliferation; nonsperde N non-proliferation; 

sperdeda ADJ scattered, diffuse; sperdeteme (comp) N 

scaremonger, doomsayer 

sperma N sperm 

spermiside N spermicide 

speron N spur, goad; speroni VT spur, goad, urge 

spesa ADJ thick; bold (typography); spesi VT bolden, 

embolden (typography); spesia N thickness; boldface 

spesial ADJ special, exceptional; ADV especially, 

particularly; estrema spesial ADJ extremely special, 

extraordinary; spesiali VI VT specialize; N 

specialization, speciality, specialty; spesialiste N 

specialist, expert, consultant 

spesie N kind, sort, type, species, variation, version, 

variety; suspesie N subtype, subspecies 

spesifa VT specify; N specification; spesifada ADJ 

specified, specific, special, particular, certain; N feature 

spetro N spectrum; spetral ADJ spectral 

spia VI spy, lurk; N spying, espionage; e-spia N espionage; 

spior N spy 

spina N spike, spine, barb, thorn, prickle; fishbone; cleat; 

spina de jelo N icicle; spina dorsal N spine, backbone; 

spinosa ADJ spiky, spiny, barbed, thorny, prickly 

spinablanca N hawthorn (plant: genus Crataegus) 

spinax N spinach (plant, leaves: species Spinacia 

oleracea) 

spineta N American goldfinch, siskin (bird: genus Spinus) 

spino N pin; prong (electronics); spini VT pin; spino 

puiable N thumbtack, drawing pin (Br), pushpin (Br); 

spino secur N safety pin 

spiral ADJ spiral; N coil, spiral, whorl 

spirito N spirit, soul; despiriti VT dispirit; despiritinte V 

dispiriting, soul-destroying; spirital ADJ spiritual; ADV 

spiritually; spiritalia N spirituality; spirito de la eda N 

zeitgeist 

spise N spice, seasoning, condiment; spisi VT spice; 

spisosa ADJ spicy 

spleno N spleen 

spondeo N spondee; spondeal ADJ spondaic 

spondilite N spondilitis 

sponja N sponge (cleaning tool; animal: phylum 

Porifera); sponji VT sponge; sponjin ADJ spongy 

spontan ADJ spontaneous, candid; spontania N 

spontaneity 

spora N spore 

sporan N sporran 

sporocarpo N sporocarp, fruiting body (of fungus) 

sporofite ADJ N sporophyte 

sporte N sport; sportor N sportsperson, sportsman, 

sportswoman 

sposa N wife; ante sposi ADJ premarital; estra sposi ADJ 

outside of marriage, illegitimate; intersposi VI 

intermarry; nonsposida ADJ unmarried, single; N 

bachelor, spinster; par sposi ADJ in-law, by marriage; 

sposa de gera N war bride; sposa futur N bride-to-be; 

sposa nova N bride; sposa reial N consort (female); 

sposable ADJ marriageable; sposal ADJ marital; 

sposi VI VT marry; N marriage, wedding (act); sposia N 

marriage (state); sposida ADJ married; sposo N 

husband; sposo futur N husband-to-be; sposo nova N 

groom, bridegroom; sposo reial N consort (male) 

springboc N springbok (mammal: species Antidorcas 

marsupialis) 

sprinta VI sprint; N sprint; sprintor N sprinter 

spuma VI foam, froth; N foam, froth; spuma de bani N 

bath foam, bubblebath (substance); spuma de mar N 

sea foam; (metaphorically) meerschaum; spuma 

susia N scum 

sputa VT spit; N spit, sputum; sputafoco (comp) N fire 

breather 

Sr ABBR (= senior) = Mr 

Sra ABBR (= seniora) = Mrs, Miss, Ms 

Srilanca N Sri Lanka; srilanca ADJ N Sri Lankan (of Sri 

Lanka) 

sss INTERJ hiss (snake) 

sta VI stand (be standing); VT stand (cause to stand); sta 

se V stand up; stante ADJ standing, stationary 

stable ADJ stable; destabli V destabilize; N 

destabilization; nonstable ADJ unstable, unfixed, 

shifting; nonstablia N instability; stabli VI VT stabilize; 

N stabilization; stablia N stability 

stadio N stage, stadium, arena 

stajia VI VT intern, apprentice; N internship, 

apprenticeship; stajior N intern, apprentice, trainee, 

cadet 

stala N stall (for animal); stala de dux N shower stall, 

shower cubicle; stalas N PL stable; stali VT stable (keep 

in a stable); stalor N groom, stable boy 

stange N pond (trapped in a hollow; natural or artificial); 

stangeta N puddle, pool; stangeta de mar N tidepool, 

tidal pool, rock pool; stangi VI puddle, pool 

stania VI stagnate (water, air, career); N stagnation; stania 

con infla N stagflation (economy); staniante ADJ 

stagnant, stale, musty, stuffy 

stanio N tin (element) 

stasion N station (transport); stasion final N terminal, 

terminus (transport); stasion spasial N space station 

113

state N condition, state (of affairs), status; bonstate N 

welfare, well-being, morale; statal ADJ static 

(linguistics); state presente N present state, status quo 

statica ADJ static 

statistica N statistic; statistics (science); statistical ADJ 

statistical; ADV statistically; statisticiste N statistician 

stato N state (political), government; statia N statehood; 

statiste N statesman, stateswoman; stato de polisia N 

police state; stato savaje N rogue state; stato sosial N 

welfare state; stato vil N rogue state 

Statos Unida de America N United States; american ADJ 

N American 

steca N steak, beefsteak; steca T N T-bone steak; steca 

tatar N steak tartare 

stela N star (sun; famous person); asterisk; interstelal ADJ 

interstellar; stela de mar N sea star, starfish; stela de 

neutrones N neutron star; stela de pop N pop star; 

stela de roc N rock star; stela volante N falling star, 

shooting star; steli VT asterisk; stelosa ADJ starry 

stenose N stenosis 

stensil N stencil; stensili VT stencil 

stepe N steppe, moor, moorland 

steradian N steradian 

sterco N manure 

stercoraro N skua (wading bird: genus Stercorarius) 

stereo ADJ N stereo 

stereotipo N stereotype; stereotipal ADJ stereotypical 

steril ADJ sterile, barren; sterilador N sterilizer; sterili VI 

VT sterilize; N sterilization; sterilia N sterility 

sterna N tern (bird: family Sternidae) 

sterno N sternum 

stetoscopio N stethoscope 

stigma N stigma 

stilo N style (of individual, regardless of fashion); 

stilal ADJ stylistic; stili VT style (apply a style to), 

stylize; N styling, stylization; stiliste N stylist; stilo de 

leteri N lettering style (italic, handwritten, sans serif, 

etc) 

stilo N stylus 

stimula VT stimulate, excite, thrill, arouse, turn on 

(person); N stimulation, stimulus, motive, excitement, 

excitation; stimulante ADJ exciting, thrilling, sensual, 

arousing; N stimulant 

stoco N rapier 

stofa N cloth, material, fabric, textile; stofa primida N 

print fabric; stoferia N cloth factory, cloth store; 

stofor N clothmaker, cloth seller 

stoica /sto-ica/ ADJ stoical, stoic; ADV stoically; N stoic; 

stoicisme N stoicism 

stomaco N stomach 

stona VT amaze, astonish, astound, stun; N amazement, 

astonishment; stona temosa N awe; stonada ADJ 

amazed, astonished, stunned; stonante ADJ amazing, 

wonderful, wondrous, stunning, astonishing, 

astounding, awesome, stupendous; stonante 

grande ADJ stupendous 

114 

storno N starling (bird: genus Sturnus) 

stornui VI sneeze; N sneeze 

straba ADJ strabismic, cross-eyed or wall-eyed; 

converjente straba ADJ cross-eyed, esotropic; 

diverjente straba ADJ wall-eyed, exotropic; strabia N 

strabismus, squint (strabismic), state of being crosseyed 

or wall-eyed 

strada N street (city), thoroughfare; stradeta N alley, 

alleyway, side street (city); stradeta de entra N 

driveway 

strana ADJ strange, weird, unusual, odd, peculiar, eerie, 

freaky, bizarre, eccentric; N weirdo, oddball; oddity, 

peculiarity, eccentricity; strania N strangeness, 

weirdness, oddness, oddity, peculiarity, eccentricity 

stranjer ADJ foreign, alien; N foreigner, outsider, stranger, 

alien; stranjeri VI VT estrange, alienate; N estrangement, 

alienation 

stratejia N strategy; stratejia nova N new strategy, 

initiative; stratejial ADJ strategic; stratejiste N strategist 

strato N layer; coat (as of paint), coating; stratus (cloud); 

shell (electron); strati VI VT stratify, layer 

stratosfera N stratosphere; stratosferal ADJ stratospheric 

stresa VT N stress (mental or physiological) 

streta ADJ narrow, tight, taut, snug, strained; N strait; 

streti VI VT narrow, tighten 

stribo N stirrup; stapes (anatomy) 

striptisa VI strip, striptease; N striptease; striptisor N 

stripper, stripteaser 

strofe N stanza, verse (of poem, song) 

strontio N strontium (element) 

struma N goiter (US), goitre (Br) 

strumento N instrument (music, science); sin 

strumento ADJ ADV a cappella; strumento de 

cordeta N string instrument; strumento de percuse N 

percussion instrument; strumento de venta N wind 

instrument; strumento lenial de venta N woodwind 

instrument; strumento metal de venta N brass 

instrument 

strutur N structure, frame, framework; phrase (musical); 

restruturi V restructure, reframe; strutur de trepa N 

climbing frame, jungle gym, monkey bars; struturi VT 

structure, frame 

stuco N stucco 

studia VT study, pore over; N study (act); survey; 

studiante ADJ studying; N student; studiante de anio 

du N sophomore, second-year student; studiante de 

anio prima N freshman, fresher, first-year student 

studio N studio, study (room) 

stufa N stove (heater, cooking appliance, but not a stew), 

cooker, hob; stufi VT stew, cook (on stove) 

stupida ADJ stupid, dumb, foolish, idiotic; ADV stupidly, 

foolishly; N fool, dummy, idiot, imbecile, moron, dunce; 

stupidia N stupidity, foolishness, idiocy 

stupor N stupor, trance 

sturion N sturgeon 

su PREP below, under, beneath, underneath; a su ADV 

below, underneath; down, downward, downwards,

downstairs; PREP to below, under (indicating 

movement); de su ADV from under; PREP from under 

(indicating movement) 

su- PREF sub- [lower in location or rank: (susolo, 

sudivide)] 

sua N sweat, perspiration; sui VT sweat, perspire; N 

perspiration; suosa ADJ sweaty 

SUA N ABBR (= Statos Unida de America) USA, United 

States of America 

suahili ADJ N Swahili (language) 

suami N swami 

suastica N swastika 

suave ADJ soft (hair, fabric, skin; compare mol); mellow, 

smooth; suavi VI VT condition, soften (hair, clothing); 

mellow, smooth; suavia N softness; suavinte N 

conditioner, softener (hair, clothing) 

Suaziland N Swaziland; suazi ADJ N Swazi 

subasta VT auction; N auction; subasteria N auction 

house; subastor N auctioneer 

suber N cork (substance) 

subita ADJ sudden, abrupt; ADV suddenly, abruptly 

sublima VI VT sublimate (chemistry); N sublimation 

(chemistry) 

suburbe N suburb; suburban ADJ suburban; N 

suburbanite; suburbes N PL suburbia 

suca VT suck, suckle; N suction; suca secinte V suck dry; 

sucapolvo (comp) N vacuum cleaner; suceta N lollipop 

sucasangue N leech (subclass Hirudinea) 

suciaci N sukiyaki 

sucrosa N sucrose 

sucubo N succubus 

suda VI VT ooze, exude 

Sudafrica N Republic of South Africa (also (Republica de 

Africa Sude)); sudafrican ADJ N South African 

Sudan N Sudan; sudani ADJ N Sudani 

sude ADJ south, southern; N south; a sude de PREP to the 

south of; sude-este ADJ southeast, southeasterly; N 

southeast; sude-ueste ADJ southwest, southwesterly; N 

southwest 

sudocu N sudoku (number puzzle) 

sueba ADJ N Suebian (of the Suebi, a Germanic tribe) 

sueter N sweater, pullover; sueter de capeta N hooded 

sweatshirt, hoodie; sueter de sporte N sweatshirt; 

sueter sin manga N sleeveless sweater, tank top (Br) 

sufi ADJ N Sufi; sufisme N Sufism 

sufisa VT suffix; N suffix; suffixing, suffixation 

sufisi VI suffice, be sufficient, be enough (but not 

excessive); autosufisinte ADJ self-sufficient; 

nonsufisinte ADJ insufficient, deficient, lacking, 

wanting, scant, scanty, skimpy, meager (US), meagre 

(Br), sparse; N insufficiency, deficiency, lack, want, 

dearth, scarcity; sufisinte ADJ sufficient, enough, 

adequate; ADV sufficiently, enough, adequately 

sufle N souffle 

sufrajeta N suffragette 

sufri VT suffer, undergo; N suffering, affliction; sufri de 

depresa suffer from depression; sufri un crise 

mental suffer a nervous breakdown; sufror N sufferer 

suing ADJ N swing (music) 

suiside VI commit suicide; N suicide (act); atenta 

suiside V attempt to commit suicide; suiside 

atentada N suicide attempt; suisidor N suicide (person) 

suite N suite (music, rooms, furniture, software) 

Suiz N Switzerland; suiz ADJ Swiss; N Swiss (people) 

suje N soot; suji VT soot, blacken with soot; sujosa ADJ 

sooty, black with soot 

sujesta VT suggest; remind; N suggestion; connotation; 

sujestosa ADJ suggestive 

sujeto N subject (including grammar), topic; sujetal ADJ 

subjective; sujetalia N subjectivity 

sujunta N subordinating conjunction (grammar) 

sujuntiva ADJ N subjunctive (grammar) 

sulfato N sulfate (US), sulphate (Br) 

sulfur N sulfur (US), sulphur (Br) (element) 

sultan N sultan; sultana N sultana; sultania N sultanate 

sumaco N sumac (plant: genus Rhus); sumaco 

venenosa N poison ivy, poison sumac, poison oak 

(plant: genus Toxicodendron) 

sumarina N submarine 

Sumer N Sumer, Sumeria 

sumerji VI VT submerge, immerse, dip, dunk; N 

submergence, immersion, dip, dunk; sumerjor N diver, 

frogman 

sumo N sumo; sumor N sumo wrestler 

suna N Sunnah, Sunna 

sunda ADJ N Sunda (language) 

suni ADJ N Sunni, Sunnite 

Suomi N Finland; suomi ADJ Finnish 

superior ADJ superior, elite; upscale (US), upmarket (Br); 

superioria N superiority 

superlativa ADJ N superlative (grammar) 

superstisio N superstition; superstisiosa ADJ 

superstitious 

supina ADJ supine, face up, palm up; supinador N 

supinator (muscle) 

suplica VT implore, entreat, beseech, appeal to, petition, 

supplicate; N plea, entreaty, petition, supplication 

suporta VT support, prop up, back up; fund (financially); 

suporta finansial V subsidize; N financial support, 

subsidy, grant, funding; suportor N supporter, 

sympathizer, proponent 

suposa VT suppose, presume, assume; N supposition, 

presumption, assumption; suposada ADJ supposed; socalled 

(disparaging) 

supositorio N suppository 

supra PREP (space) above, over; a supra ADV above; up, 

upward, upwards; upstairs; PREP above, over (indicating 

movement); de supra ADV from above, down, 

downward, downwards; PREP from above (indicating 

movement); supra tota ADV above all 

115

supra- PREF super- [higher in location or rank: (suprasil, 

supraumana)] 

suprapone VT superimpose, overlap, overlay; N 

superimposure, overlap, overlay; lapel 

supraspira VI hyperventilate; N hyperventilation 

suprema ADJ supreme; supremia N supremacy 

supresa VT suppress; N suppression 

sur PREP on (surface, including vertical), on top of, upon; 

(topic) concerning, about, pertaining to; a sur ADV on 

top, on the top, onto the top; PREP onto, on (indicating 

movement); de sur ADV off; PREP off, off of (indicating 

movement) 

sura N calf (of leg) 

sureal ADJ surreal; surealisme N surrealism; 

surealiste ADJ surrealistic; N surrealist 

surfa VT surf; browse (internet); N surf (waves); surfing; 

browsing; surfa la fola V crowd-surf; surfa la rede V 

surf the net; surfador N browser (internet); surfor N 

surfer 

surfas N surface; surfasal ADJ superficial, skin-deep; ADV 

superficially, on the surface 

Suria N Syria; suri ADJ N Syrian 

suricata N meerkat, suricate (mammal: species Suricata 

suricatta) 

surie VT N smile, grin; surie dentosa V beam; surie vil V 

N smirk 

Suriname N Suriname; sranan ADJ N Sranan, Surinamese 

(person, language); Suriname Creole (language) 

surprende VT surprise, startle, astonish, amaze; ambush; 

N surprise; ambush; surprendeda ADJ surprised, 

startled, astonished; surprendente ADJ surprising; ADV 

surprisingly 

sursolo N flooring 

survive VT survive; N survival; survivor N survivor 

susede VT succeed, manage to, achieve, accomplish; N 

success, achievement, accomplishment; hit; 

nonsusedosa ADJ unsuccessful; ADV unsuccessfully; 

susedosa ADJ successful; ADV successfully 

susia ADJ dirty; murky (liquid); N dirtiness; susi VI VT 

soil, dirty, sully, get dirty 

suspende VT suspend, dangle, hang, hang up; N suspense, 

suspension; cliffhanger 

suspeta VT suspect; N suspicion; suspetada ADJ 

suspected; N suspect (person); suspetosa ADJ 

suspicious (suspecting; arousing suspicion) 

suspira VT N sigh; suspira de lejeri N sigh of relief 

susta VT sustain, support; N sustenance 

sustantia N substance (material, essence, basis in reality); 

sustantial ADJ substantial 

sustantivo N substantive, noun (technical); 

sustantival ADJ substantival 

sustitua ADJ N substitute, replacement, surrogate; A 

sustitui per B A substitutes for B, A replaces B; 

sustitua tempora N temporary substitute, replacement, 

surrogate, stand-in; sustitui VT substitute, replace; 

sustitui A per B substitute A for B, replace B with A; 

sustitui tempora V replace temporarily, substitute for, 

116 

stand in for 

sutil ADJ subtle, nuanced; N subtlety, nuance; sutil 

nosiva ADJ insidious; sutilia N subtleness, subtlety 

sutra N sutra 

sutrae VT remove, take away, delete, subtract, deduct; 

detract; N removal, deletion, subtraction, deduction; 

sutrable ADJ removable, deletable, deductible; sutrable 

de imposta ADJ tax-deductible 

sutur N suture; suturi VT suture 

suvenir N souvenir, memento, remembrance 

suverti VT N overthrow 

suxi N sushi 

Sveria N Sweden; svensce ADJ Swedish; N Swedish 

(person, language), Swede (person) 

T /te/ N T (letter) 

T 

ta ADV PREVERB would (conditional/subjunctive verb 

marker); ia ta ADV PREVERB would have (past 

conditional/conditional perfect verb marker); ta 

ce would that, may, let (something happen); ta ce nos 

vade let's go; ta ce tu deside you decide 

tabaco N tobacco (plant, leaves: species Nicotiana 

tabacum) 

table N table (furniture, tabulation); board (for game); la 

Table N Mensa (constellation); table basa N coffee 

table; table de cosina N kitchen table; table de 

labora N workbench, worktop, work surface; desktop 

(software); table de presa N ironing board; table de 

vende N (sales) counter; table de xace N chessboard; 

table ladal N end table, side table; table otometrial N 

eye chart; table ronda N round table (including 

discussion); tableta N tablet (writing); tablet computer; 

tabli VI VT tabulate 

tabu ADJ N taboo, unmentionable 

tacion N tachyon 

taco N taco 

ta-da! INTERJ ta-da! ta-dah! presto! hey presto! voilà! 

Tadjicistan N Tajikistan; tadjic ADJ N Tajik (person, 

language) 

tafeta N taffeta 

tagalog ADJ N Tagalog (language) 

Tahiti N Tahiti; tahiti ADJ N Tahitian 

Tai N Thailand; tai ADJ N Thai (person, language) 

taie N waist, waistline 

taiga N taiga 

taitxi N tai chi 

Taiuan N Taiwan; taiuan ADJ N Taiwanese 

tal DET such, this kind of, that kind of; ADV in such a way, 

in this way, thus, so, sic 

talamo N thalamus

talco N talc 

talento N talent; talentosa ADJ talented, gifted 

talia VT N cut, slice, slash, gash; talia de carne N cut of 

meat; talia la carne V butcher; talia traversante N cross 

section; taliafilo (comp) N wire-cutters; 

taliagarga (comp) N cut-throat, murderer; 

taliapaper (comp) N paper cutter, paper knife; talieta N 

noodle, pasta; talior N tailor 

talio N thallium (element) 

talo N ankle; stem (of plant), sprig; thallus; talo vara N 

club foot, clubfoot 

talon N heel; talon alta N high heel (shoe) 

talpa N mole (mammal: family Talpidae) 

tamale N tamale 

tamarin N tamarin (mammal: genus Saguinus) 

tambur N drum; tambur militar N snare drum; 

tambureta N tambourine 

tamia N chipmunk (mammal: genus Tamias) 

tamil N Tamil (person, language) 

tamis N sieve, colander, strainer; tamisi VT sieve, sift, 

strain (with sieve) 

tampon N swab, wad, pad, padding; tampon de fem N 

tampon 

tan ADV to such an extent, so, as; how (exclamation); tan 

bela INTERJ how beautiful, how lovely, how pretty, how 

nice; tan grande como ADV as big as; tan multe ADJ 

PRENOM so many, so much; tan multe ce CONJ so many 

that, so much that; tan multe como CONJ as many as, as 

much as; tan poca ADJ PRENOM so little, so few; un 

vista tan bela INTERJ what a lovely view 

tana VT tan (leather); N tanning (leather); taneria N 

tannery; tanor N tanner 

tance N tank (container, vehicle), tub, vat, cistern 

tancini N tankini 

tanga N thong, tanga, G-string, gee-string 

tangar N tanager (bird: family Thraupidae) 

tangram N tangram 

tanin N tannin 

tanje VT touch lightly, be tangential to, brush against, 

graze; tanjente ADJ tangential, peripheral; N tangent 

tantalo N tantalum (element) 

tantra N tantra 

Tanzania N Tanzania; tanzanian ADJ N Tanzanian 

tapaculo N tapaculo (bird: subfamily Rhinocryptinae) 

tape VI VT tap; patter; type; tapador N typewriter; tapor N 

typist 

tapeto N carpet, rug, mat; upholstery (material); 

retapeti V reupholster; tapeti VT upholster; N upholstery 

(act); tapeto de porte N doormat; tapeto pitural N 

tapestry; tapetor N upholsterer 

tapioca N tapioca 

tapir N tapir (mammal: genus Tapirus) 

tapo N plug, seal, stopper, cork; destapi V unplug, unseal, 

unstop, uncork; tapi VT plug, seal, stop (with stopper), 

cork 

tarantula N tarantula (arachnid: family Theraphosidae) 

tarda ADJ late, tardy, overdue; la plu tarda ADV at the 

latest; multe tarda ADJ long overdue; plu tarda ADV 

later; tardi VI become late; VT make late, delay; tardia N 

lateness 

tardigrado N water bear (phylum: Tardigrada) 

tarifa N tariff, rate (financial); tarifa postal N postage 

(cost) 

taroci N tarot 

tarsio N tarsier (mammal: genus Tarsius) 

tarso N tarsus; tarsal ADJ tarsal 

tartar N tartar, calculus (on teeth); limescale (in boiler); 

destartari VT descale; remove tartar (dentistry) 

tarte N pie, flan (Br); tarte de carne N meat pie; tarte de 

crema N cream pie, cream flan (Br); custard pie 

(missile); tarte de fruta N fruit pie; tarteta N tart; 

tarti VT pie (slapstick) 

tartesica ADJ N Tartessian 

tas N cup (including measure: quarter of a quart); taseta N 

demitasse, small cup; tason N mug 

tasidermia N taxidermy; tasidermiste N taxidermist 

tasimetre N taximeter 

tason N taxon 

tasonomia N taxonomy; tasonomial ADJ taxonomic; 

tasonomiste N taxonomist 

tatami N tatami (woven straw flooring) 

tatar ADJ N Tatar (person, language) 

tatica N tactic; tatical ADJ tactical 

tatua VT N tattoo 

tau N tau (Greek letter) 

taverna N tavern, pub 

taxe N task, chore, job, assignment; taxor N taskmaster 

taxi N taxi; taxiste N taxi driver, cabbie 

taxo N yew (tree: genus Taxus) 

te N tea (plant, leaves, drink: species Camellia sinensis); 

teria N tea shop, tea room 

te N name of letter T; en forma de T ADJ T-shaped 

teatro N theater (US), theatre (Br) (place, art), playhouse, 

auditorium; teatral ADJ theatrical; N play, theatrical 

performance; teatral de musica N musical (play); 

teatro de opera N opera house 

teca N teak (wood, plant: species Tectona grandis) 

tecila N tequila (alcohol) 

tecla N key (of keyboard, piano, etc); tecla de spasio N 

spacebar; tecla de tabli N tab key; tecla rapida N 

shortcut key, accelerator key; teclador N keyboard; 

tecladoreta N keypad; tecladoreta numeral N numeric 

keypad 

tecnesio N technetium (element) 

tecnica N technique; technics; tecnical ADJ technical; ADV 

technically; tecniciste N technician 

tecno ADJ N techno (music) 

tecnocrata ADJ technocratic; N technocrat; tecnocratia N 

technocracy 

117

tecnofil N technophile; tecnofilia N technophilia 

tecnofobia N technophobia; tecnofobica ADJ 

technophobic; N technophobe 

tecnolojia N technology; tecnolojia alta N high tech; 

tecnolojia basa N low tech; tecnolojial ADJ 

technological 

Tehan N South Korea (also (Corea Sude)) 

teiste /te-iste/ ADJ N theist; teisme /te-isme/ N theism 

tela N cloth (object), towel; tela de colo N cravat, 

neckerchief; tela de testa N headscarf, kerchief; 

teleta N handkerchief, napkin; teleta de bava N bib (of 

baby); teleta de bebe N diaper (US), nappy (Br); teleta 

de fem N sanitary napkin (US), sanitary towel (Br); 

teleta de lava N washcloth (US), flannel (Br); teleta de 

paper N paper towel, tissue (Br); telon N sheet, 

tablecloth 

tele N TV, telly (informal: television set) 

telecomanda VT control remotely; N remote control (act); 

telecomandador N remote control (handset) 

telecomunica VT telecommunicate; N telecommunication 

telefon N telephone, phone; telefoneta N mobile phone, 

cellular phone, cellphone, handset; telefoni VT 

telephone, phone, call; N phone call; telefonia N 

telephony, telecommunication 

telegraf N telegraph (device); telegrafi VT telegraph; N 

telegram (message); telegrafia N telegraphy 

telelabora VI telecommute, telework; N telecommuting, 

teleworking; telelaboror N telecommuter, teleworker 

telemarc N telemark (style of skiing) 

telemetre N rangefinder 

telenovela N soap opera, TV serial 

telepatia N telepathy; telepatica ADJ telepathic; N telepath 

teleporta VI VT teleport, teleportation; teleportador N 

teleport (device) 

telescopio N telescope; la Telescopio N Telescopium 

(constellation); telescopial ADJ telescopic 

telesenta N chairlift 

televanjeliste N televangelist 

televide VT view television, watch television; televidor N 

television viewer 

televisa VT televise, show on television; N television 

(phenomenon); televisa colorosa N color television 

(US), colour television (Br); televisa de vijila N closedcircuit 

television, CCTV; televisa par paia N pay TV; 

televisada ADJ on television, televised; televisador N 

television set 

telia N tile; teli VT tile 

telugu ADJ N Telugu (language) 

telurio N tellurium (element) 

tema N theme, subject, topic; motif, pattern; thesis; 

nontemal ADJ off-topic; tema xef N main theme, 

leitmotif; temal ADJ thematic; on-topic; temi VT 

topicalize; N topicalization (linguistics) 

teme VT fear, dread; N fear, dread; nontemosa ADJ 

intrepid, fearless; temosa ADJ afraid, alarmed, fearful 

tempe N temple (anatomy) 

118 

tempera VT temper (emotion, metal, music); N temper, 

temperament; bon temperada ADJ well-tempered; 

temperada ADJ temperate (weather) 

tempera N tempera (method of painting) 

temperatur N temperature 

tempesta N storm, tempest, squall; tempestosa ADJ 

stormy, tempestuous 

temple N temple (place) 

tempo N time; tense (grammar); a la mesma tempo ADV 

at the same time; a no tempo ADV at no time, never; a 

tempo ADV on time, punctually; de tempo longa ADJ 

longstanding; de tempo partal ADJ part-time; de tempo 

plen ADJ full-time; en tempo real ADJ realtime; per 

alga tempo ADV for a while, awhile; supratempo N 

overtime (work); tempal ADJ temporal; tempo de 

pausa N time out, rest period; tempo libre N free time, 

spare time 

tempora ADJ temporary, ephemeral, interim, fleeting, 

transient; ADV temporarily 

temprana ADJ early; temprania N earliness 

tempura N tempura (Japanese dish) 

tenda N tent 

tende VT tend, be inclined; N tendency, propensity, 

inclination, trend 

tendon N tendon, sinew; ~osa ADJ sinewy 

teni VT hold, grasp, grip, clutch, cling to, hold on to; 

detain; N hold, grasp, grip, clutch; desteni V let go of, 

lose one's grip on; suteninte N sublieutenant, second 

lieutenant, ensign; tenable ADJ tenable; teniloca (comp) 

N placeholder; teninte N lieutenant 

tenia N tapeworm (class Cestoda) 

tenis N tennis; tenis de table N table tennis, ping-pong; 

tenisor N tennis player 

tenor N tenor 

tenrec N tenrec (mammal: family Tenrecidae) 

tensa VI VT tighten, strain, clench; N tension, stress; 

destensa V untense, untighten, relax, take it easy; N 

relaxation; detente; tensa se dentes V grit one's teeth; 

tensada ADJ tense, taut, tight, strained, stressed 

tenta VT tempt, lure, bait, entice; N temptation, lure, bait, 

enticement; tentable ADJ temptable, vulnerable (to 

temptation); tentada ADJ tempted; tentante ADJ 

tempting; N lure, bait; tentor N tempter, temptress 

tentaculo N tentacle; tentaculosa ADJ tentacled 

teocrate ADJ theocratic; N theocrat; teocratia N theocracy 

teodolito N theodolite 

teolojia N theology; teolojiste N theologian 

teorem N theorem 

teoria N theory; teori VT theorize; N theorization; teoria 

de cordetas N string theory; teoria de cuantos N 

quantum theory; teoria de evolui N theory of evolution; 

teorial ADJ theoretical 

tepida ADJ warm, lukewarm, tepid; tepidi VI VT warm 

(slightly); tepidia N tepidness, tepidity 

tera N earth, land, ground, soil, dirt (planet, surface, 

substance); nonteral ADJ unearthly; su tera ADJ

subterranean, underground; tera de nun N no man's 

land; tera nonconoseda N unknown territory, terra 

incognita; tera nova N new land, virgin territory; tera 

savaje N wilderness; teral ADJ earthly; teran N 

earthling; tereria N terrarium; terosa ADJ earthy 

tera- PREF tera- [× 10^12] 

teracota N terra cotta 

terapia N therapy; terapiste N therapist 

teravada ADJ Theravada 

teraza N terrace; terazi VT terrace; terazida ADJ terraced, 

stepped 

terbio N terbium (element) 

tereno N terrain (the character of an area of land); tereno 

alta N highland, highlands; tereno basa N lowland, 

lowlands; tereno savaje N badlands 

teriaci N teriyaki 

terier N terrier (breed of dog) 

teritorio N territory; teritorial ADJ territorial 

terma N term (mathematics, terminology), expression; 

termas tecnical N PL technical terms, terminology 

(vocabulary), jargon 

termal ADJ thermal 

termina N terminal (railroad, circuit, computer) 

terminolojia N terminology (science); terminolojial ADJ 

terminological; terminolojiste N terminologist 

termite N termite (insect: family Termitidae and related 

families) 

termodinamica N thermodynamics; termodinamical ADJ 

thermodynamic 

termofil ADJ thermophilic; N thermophile; termofilia N 

thermophilia 

termometre N thermometer 

termos N thermos 

termostato N thermostat 

teror N terror, horror; terori VT terrify, terrorize, tyrannize; 

terorisme N terrorism; teroriste N terrorist 

tese N thesis, dissertation, treatise 

tesla N tesla (measure) 

tesoro N treasure; thesaurus (of synonyms); tesoreria N 

treasury; tesoror N treasurer; tesorosa N PL treasures, 

riches 

testa N head (of person or animal); con prima se 

testa ADJ headlong; ADV headlong, head first; 

destesti VT behead, decapitate; testeta N head (of 

camera, recording device) 

testiculo N testicle, testis 

testo N text, document, lyrics; intertestal ADJ intertextual; 

intertestalia N intertextuality; testal ADJ textual; testo 

de fonte N source code, source text; testo ru N draft, 

rough draft; testos N PL texts, documentation 

teta N nipple, teat; desteti VT wean; tetin N pacifier, 

comforter, dummy (for baby) 

teta N theta (Greek letter) 

tetania N tetany 

tetano N tetanus, lockjaw 

teto N roof; teto de palia N thatched roof; tetor N roofer 

tetonica N tectonics; tetonical ADJ tectonic 

tetra N grouse (bird: family Tetraoninae) 

tetraedro ADJ tetrahedral; N tetrahedron 

tetralojia N tetralogy; tetralojia de Fallot N tetralogy of 

Fallot (heart defect) 

tetrametre N tetrameter 

tetraplejia N tetraplegia, quadriplegia; tetraplejica ADJ N 

tetraplegic, quadriplegic 

texe VT weave; texador N loom; texador de mano N hand 

loom; texe de puntos V knit; texeda ADJ woven; N 

tissue (including living); texeda scotes N plaid, tartan; 

texeta V N darn; texor N weaver; weaver (bird: family 

Ploceidae) 

texon N badger (animal: subfamily Melinae, subfamily 

Mellivorinae, subfamily Taxidiinae); texoneria N sett, 

badger lair, badger burrow 

tia N aunt (female relative of one's parents' generation, 

including removed cousin, but not mother); dutia /dutía/ 

N female cousin of one's grandparents' generation; 

dutio /dutío/ N male cousin of one's grandparents' 

generation; tio N uncle (male relative of one's parents' 

generation, including removed cousin, but not father); 

tretia /tretía/ N female cousin of one's greatgrandparents' 

generation; tretio /tretío/ N male cousin of 

one's great-grandparents' generation 

tiamina N thiamine 

Tibet N Tibet (also Bod); tibetan ADJ N Tibetan 

tibia N shin, tibia (anatomy) 

tica N tick (arachnid: superfamily Ixodoidea) 

ticodroma N wallcreeper (bird: species Tichodroma 

muraria) 

tictaca VI tick (as clock); N tick, tick-tock 

tifa N cattail (plant: genus Typha) 

tifoide ADJ N typhoid 

tigre N tiger (mammal: species Panthera tigris) 

tilde N tilde 

tilia N linden, lime tree 

tim N thyme (plant: genus Thymus) 

timida ADJ timid, shy, coy, diffident; timidia N timidity, 

shyness, coyness, diffidence 

timo N thymus (anatomy) 

timon N rudder, helm; timonor N helmsman 

Timor Este N East Timor; timoran ADJ N Timorese 

timpan N tympanum, eardrum; timpani, kettledrum 

tinamo N tinamou (bird: family Tinamidae) 

tinca N tench, doctor fish (fish: species Tinca tinca) 

tinia N clothes moth (insect: family Tineidae) 

tinito N tinnitus 

tinje VT tint, tinge, dye, stain; N tint, hue, shade; nuance; 

timbre; mediatinje N midtone, halftone, mezzotint; 

tinjente ADJ tinting, tinging; N dye, stain (substance) 

tinocor N seedsnipe (wading bird: family Thinocoridae) 

tintina VI VT tinkle, jingle, jangle, clang; ring (telephone); 

119

N tinkle, jingle, jangle, clang, clangor (US), clangour 

(Br) 

tipo N type, sort, kind; tipal ADJ typical, representative, 

characteristic; tipo de letera N typeface, font 

tipografia N typography; tipografi VT typeset, composit; 

tipografia par computador N desktop publishing; 

tipografial ADJ typographic, typographical; 

tipografiste N typographer 

tipula N crane fly (insect: infraorder Tipulomorpha) 

tira VT pull, drag, haul, lug, tug, pluck; tow, draw, trail; 

retira V pull back, take back, withdraw, retire, retract, 

recall, recant, retreat; recoil; log out (software); N 

withdrawal, retreat, retraction; retira gradal V phase 

out; tira a tera V pull to the ground, pull down; shoot 

down; tira se pedes N drag one's feet, shuffle along; 

tirada par cavalo ADJ horse-drawn; tiratapo (comp) N 

corkscrew 

tiramisu N tiramisu 

tirano N tyrant, dictator, despot; tyrant flycatcher (bird: 

family Tyrannidae); es tirano (a) V tyrannize; 

tiranal ADJ tyrannic, tyrannical; tirania N tyranny, 

dictatorship; tiraniosa ADJ tyrannous 

tisa VT stoke, stir up, incite; tease, tantalize; tisacafe N 

coffee stirrer; tisafoco N poker (for fire); tisante ADJ 

teasing; N trail, trailer (film, TV); tisor N troublemaker, 

provocateur; tease 

titanio N titanium (element) 

titi N titi (mammal: genus Callicebus) 

titila VT tickle, titillate, tingle; N tickle, titillation; 

titilable ADJ ticklish; titilosa ADJ tingly 

titulo N title, headline, heading, caption; rubric, column; 

par titulo ADJ nominal, in title; ADV nominally, in title; 

sutituli V subtitle; sutitulo N subtitle (subheading, 

transcription); titulal ADJ titular; tituli VT title, entitle, 

give a title to; titulo finansial N security (negotiable 

instrument) 

tlingit ADJ N Tlingit (language) 

tobogan N slide (child's); tobogan de acua N water slide; 

tobogan elica N helter-skelter, spiral slide 

toca VT touch; N touch (sense); toca con ditos V finger; 

tocante ADJ touching; N tap, flap (consonant) 

tocata N toccata 

Tocelau N Tokelau; tocelau ADJ N Tokelauan 

tofu N tofu, bean curd 

Togo N Togo; togoles ADJ N Togolese 

tolera VT tolerate, bear, endure, stand, put up with; N 

tolerance, endurance, stamina; nontolera N bigotry, 

intolerance; nontolerable ADJ unbearable, intolerable; 

nontolerante ADJ intolerant, bigoted; nontoleror N 

bigot 

tomate N tomato (berry, plant: species Solanum 

lycopersicum) 

tomba N grave, tomb, crypt, vault; tomba coletiva N mass 

grave; tombi VT entomb 

tomtom N tom (drum), tomtom 

ton N tonne (1000 kg) 

tona VI thunder; N thunder 

120 

Tonga N Tonga; tongan ADJ N Tongan 

tono N tone, pitch (of sound), musical note; intonation; 

supratono N overtone; tonal ADJ tonal; tonalia N key 

(music); tono completa N whole note, semibreve; tono 

cuatrida N quarter note, crotchet; tono des-sesida N 

sixteenth note, semiquaver; tono dida N half note, 

minim; tono duple N double whole note, breve; tono 

otida N eighth note, quaver; tono sesdes-cuatrida N 

sixty-fourth note, hemidemisemiquaver; tono tredesdida 

N thirty-second note, demisemiquaver 

tonsil N tonsil 

tonsilite N tonsillitis 

topazio N topaz (gem) 

tope ADJ N taupe (color) 

topografia N topography; topografial ADJ topographic, 

topographical 

topolojia N topology 

torax N thorax; toraxal ADJ thorassic 

torba N peat 

torca N nut (for bolt) 

tore N tower; rook (chess); toreta N turret; tori VI tower 

tori N tori (shinto gate) 

torio N thorium (element) 

tormenta VT torment, bully, scourge; nag, badger; N 

torment, bullying; tormentor N tormentor, bully 

tornado N tornado 

torneo N tournament; tourney, joust; torneo de lansias N 

joust 

torpe ADJ clumsy, awkward, physically inept; torpi VI 

fumble, become clumsy; VT make clumsy; torpia N 

clumsiness 

torpedo N torpedo 

torse VI VT twist, wring; N twist, contorsion; torsosa ADJ 

tortuous 

torta N cake, pastry; torteria N pastry shop; torteta N 

cupcake; tortor N pastry baker, pastry chef 

tortelini N tortellini 

tortilia N tortilla 

tortuga N turtle, tortoise (reptile: order Testudines) 

tortura VT torture; N torture; torturor N torturer; 

torturosa ADJ torturous, excruciating 

torxa N torch (flaming, electric); torxa per solda N 

blowtorch; torxi VT torch; torxor N torchbearer 

tose VT cough; N cough 

tosta VT toast (cook); tostada ADJ toasted; N toast 

(bread); tostador N toaster 

tota DET all (quantity); PRON all; ADV all; a tota 

modos ADV by all means, in every way; a tota 

partes ADV throughout; a tota veses ADV on all 

occasions; tota de nos all of us, we all, us all (but not 

nos tota); tota la libros all the books; tota la note all 

the night, the whole night; tota la pan all the bread, the 

whole of the bread; tota no DET none at all, none 

whatsoever; ADV not at all 

tra PREP through, throughout; during, for (time elapsed);

via, by means of; a tra ADV through; tra cuando CONJ 

as long as, so long as; tra la dia ADV all day, all the 

time, continually 

tracea N trachea 

Tracia N Thrace 

tradi VT defect, commit treason, betray; N betrayal, 

treason, treachery, perfidy; trador N traitor, defector, 

recreant; tradosa ADJ treasonous, treacherous 

tradision N tradition; nontradisional ADJ nontraditional, 

untraditional; tradisional ADJ traditional, conservative; 

ADV traditionally 

tradui VT translate; N translation; maltradui V 

mistranslate; N mistranslation; nontraduable ADJ 

untranslatable; traduable ADJ translatable; traduador N 

machine translation system; traduor N translator 

trae VT bring, deliver; N delivery; retrae V bring back, 

fetch, retrieve 

trafica VI N traffic 

tragulo N chevrotain, mouse deer (mammal: family 

Tragulidae) 

trajedia N tragedy; trajedial ADJ tragic; ADV tragically 

trajicomedia N tragicomedy; trajicomedial ADJ 

tragicomic 

tram N trolley car, tram 

trama VT texture; plot (a story); shade, shade in, 

crosshatch; N weft, woof, texture; plot (of story) 

trampolin N trampoline, springboard; trampolin de tufa N 

diving board 

tramvia N tramway 

transcrive VT transcribe; N transcription 

transe N trance (mental state) 

transende VT transcend; N transcendence; 

transendentalisme N transcendentalism 

transfusa VT transfuse; N transfusion 

Transilvania N Transylvania 

transistor N transistor 

transita VT N transit (astronomy) 

transitiva ADJ transitive (grammar); nontransitiva ADJ 

intransitive (grammar); transitivia N transitivity 

(grammar) 

transmete VT transmit, broadcast; N transmission, 

broadcast; transmetador N transmitter 

transplanta VT transplant; N transplantation 

transpone VT transpose; N transposition 

transporta VT transport; carry, harbor (US), harbour (Br) 

(disease); N transport, transportation; transportor N 

transporter, carrier, courier (person); transportores N 

PL carrier, courier (company) 

trapa N trap, snare, pitfall, catch (marketing); trapa de 

arena N sand trap, bunker (golf); trapi VT trap, ensnare 

trapezio ADJ trapezial; N trapezium (with two parallel 

sides); trapeze 

trapo N rag (old cloth; tattered garment); vestida en 

trapos ADJ dressed in rags, ragged 

trasa VT trace (copy the outline of); graph; N tracing; 

trace, track, spoor, clue 

trata VT treat, process, deal with; N treatment; treaty, pact; 

deal (trade); maltrata V mistreat, revile, abuse, wrong; 

N mistreatment, abuse, abusiveness, wrong; 

maltratante ADJ abusive; ADV abusively; maltrator N 

abuser; trata de uni N act of union; tratable ADJ 

treatable, operable 

trator N tractor (vehicle) 

trauma VT traumatize; N trauma; traumal ADJ traumatic 

traversa VT cross, go across, traverse, ford, sweep 

through; N crossing (act), traversal; traversante ADJ 

crossing, traversing, transverse; PREP crossing, across 

tre DET three; ADJ third (ordinal); tri VI split into three; N 

third (fraction); truple ADJ triple; N trio; troika 

trealosa N trehalose 

trefolia N clover, trefoil (plant: genus Trifolium); club 

(card suit) 

trejemelo N triplet 

trelis N truss (architecture) 

trema VI tremble, shiver, quake, quiver, shudder, quail; N 

quake, tremor; tremante ADJ trembling, tremulous, 

tremulent, tremorous; trematera (comp) N earthquake 

tren N train (railroad); tren lenta N slow train, local train; 

tren rapida N fast train, express train; treni VT ship 

(transport by train) 

treno N sled, sleigh; treneta N toboggan, sledge, child's 

sled; treno de tre cavalos N three-horse sled, troika 

trensa VT braid, plait; N braid, plait; trensas african N PL 

cornrows (hairstyle); trenseta N pigtail (hairstyle) 

trepa VI clamber, scramble, climb (with effort); N 

climbing; trepa de montanias N mountain climbing, 

mountaineering; trepor N climber, mountaineer 

trepede N tripod, trivet 

triangulo ADJ triangular; N triangle; la Triangulo N 

Triangulum (constellation); la Triangulo Sude N 

Triangulum Australe (constellation); trianguli VT 

triangulate; N triangulation 

triasica ADJ N triassic (geology) 

triatlon N triathlon 

tribu N tribe; fem de tribu N tribeswoman; membro de 

tribu N tribesman; om de tribu N tribesman; tribal ADJ 

tribal 

tribui N tribute (all senses) 

tribuno N tribune (officer) 

tricotero N caddisfly (insect: order Trichoptera) 

trictrac N backgammon (game); trictracor N backgammon 

player 

trifle N trifle (dessert) 

triftongo N triphthong 

trigo N wheat (plant, seed: genus Triticum) 

trigonometria N trigonometry; trigonometrial ADJ 

trigonometric, trigonometrical 

triler N thriller (novel or movie) 

trilion DET (a) trillion; ADJ trillionth (ordinal); trilioni VI 

split into a trillion parts; N trillionth (fraction) 

121

trilojia N trilogy; trilojiste N trilogist 

trimestre N trimester, term; mediatrimestre N half-term 

(holiday) 

trimetre N trimeter (poetry) 

tringa N shank, sandpiper, tattler (wading bird: genus 

Tringa) 

trinia N trinity 

Trinidad e Tobago N Trinidad and Tobago; 

tobagonian ADJ N Tobagonian; trinidadian ADJ N 

Trinidadian 

trinxa VT N shred; trinxador N shredder 

tripanosomiase N trypanosomiasis, sleeping sickness 

trisepe N triceps 

trisicle N tricycle 

triste ADJ sad, unhappy, melancholy, sorry, sorrowful; es 

tan triste it's so sad, what a pity, what a shame, it's such 

a shame (+ce = that); es triste sin V miss, be sad 

without; tan triste INTERJ how sad, what a pity, what a 

shame; tristi VI VT sadden; tristia N sadness, sorrow, 

grief, melancholy 

triton N newt (amphibian: subfamily Pleurodelinae) 

trivia N trivia; trivial ADJ trivial, trifling 

tro ADV too, too many, too much, excessively; tro 

multe ADJ PRENOM too many, too much, excessive; ADV 

too much, excessively; tro poca ADJ PRENOM too few, 

too little, insufficient; ADV too little, insufficiently 

troca VT barter, trade; trocor N barterer 

troceo N trochee (poetry); troceal ADJ trochaic 

trofeo N trophy 

troglodite N troglodyte, caveman, cave dweller; wren 

(bird: family Troglodytidae) 

trogon N trogon (bird: family Trogonidae) 

Troia N Troy; troian ADJ N Trojan 

trol N troll 

trombo N thrombus, embolism, blood clot (technical) 

trombopoiese N thrombopoiesis 

trombose N thrombosis 

trombosite N thrombocyte, platelet 

trompa N horn (music), French horn, trump; trompa de 

utero N Fallopian tube; trompeta N trumpet; 

trompetiste N trumpeter (musician; bird: genus 

Psophia); trompi VT trumpet; trompon N trombone 

tronco N trunk (tree), log (wood); trunk (body), torso; 

stem (of a word); tronceta N stem, stalk 

trono N throne; destroni V dethrone; troni VT enthrone 

tropeza VI stumble, trip; VT trip; N stumble 

tropico N tropic; tropical ADJ tropical; Tropico de la 

Capra N Tropic of Capricorn; Tropico de la Crabe N 

Tropic of Cancer 

troposfera N troposphere 

trota VI N trot 

trova VT find; N find, discovery; trova se V find oneself; 

be situated 

truco N trick; device (literary); truci VT trick; truco de 

122 

majia N magic trick; truco de mano N legerdemain; 

trucoio (comp) N trompe l'oeil; trucor N trickster; 

trucosa ADJ tricky 

trufa N truffle (fungus: genus Tuber and others) 

trunca VI VT truncate; N truncation; stump; truncin ADJ 

stumpy, squat 

truta N trout (fish: genus Salmo, genus Oncorhynchus) 

tsar N tsar, czar 

Tsernagora N Montenegro; tsernagorsce ADJ N 

Montenegrin 

tsetse N tsetse fly (insect: genus Glossina) 

tsuga N tsuga, hemlock (tree: genus Tsuga); tsuga 

douglas N douglas fir (tree: genus Pseudotsuga) 

tsunami N tsunami 

tu PRON you (singular); DET your (singular) 

tuatara N tuatara (lizard: genus Sphenodon) 

tuba N tuba 

tuber N tuber 

tuberculose N tuberculosis, consumption 

tubo ADJ tubular; N tube, pipe (conduit), channel; lia 

tubal N tubal ligation; tubal ADJ tubal; tubo de acua N 

water pipe; tubo de drena N drainpipe; tubo de 

emetador N exhaust pipe; tubo de proba N test tube; 

tubo U N U-bend, U-tube; tubo vacuida N vacuum 

tube; tubos N PL tubes, pipes, plumbing 

tucana N toucan (bird: family Ramphastidae); la 

Tucana N Tucana (constellation) 

tucotuco N tuco-tuco (mammal: genus Ctenomys) 

tufa VI N dive, plunge, swoop; tufa de anjel N swan dive, 

swallow dive; tufa per perlas V dive for pearls; N pearl 

diving; tufor N diver (sport) 

tuia N arborvitae, thuja (tree: genus Thuja) 

tuid N tweed; de tuid ADJ tweed 

tuist N twist (dance) 

tuita VT N tweet (on Twitter) 

tulio N thulium (element) 

tulpa N tulip 

tumor N tumor (US), tumour (Br); tumorosa ADJ 

tumorous 

tumulta N riot, social chaos, uproar, turmoil; 

tumultosa ADJ tumultuous, riotous, chaotic 

tun N tuna (fish: genus Thunnus) 

tundra N tundra 

tunel N tunnel, burrow; tunel carpal N carpal tunnel 

tungus ADJ N Tungus, Tungusic (person, language) 

Tunis N Tunisia; tunisi ADJ N Tunisian 

tupaia N treeshrew (mammal: order Scandentia) 

tupelo N tupelo, pepperidge tree (tree: genus Nyssa) 

tupi ADJ N Tupi (person, language) 

turaco N turaco (bird: family Musophagidae) 

turba VT disturb, shake up, stir up, churn up, upset, 

agitate, cause distress to, cause anxiety to, cause pain to; 

N trouble, difficulty; mischief; turbulence; sin 

turba ADJ undisturbed; turba la tera V dig the soil;

turbada ADJ troubled, disturbed, upset; turbante ADJ 

troubling, troublesome, disturbing; turbosa ADJ 

troublesome, naughty, mischievous, impish; turbulent; N 

rascal, scamp, rapscallion, imp, troublemaker 

turban N turban 

turbina N turbine; turbina de venta N wind turbine, wind 

generator, wind power unit, wind energy converter, 

aerogenerator 

turcesa ADJ turquoise (color); N turquoise (gem, color) 

Turcia N Turkey; turces ADJ N Turkish 

Turcmenistan N Turkmenistan; turcmen ADJ N Turkmen, 

Turkmenistani (person, language) 

turdo N thrush (bird: family Turdidae); turdo roja N 

American robin (bird: species Turdus migratorius) 

turi VT tour; go for a ride, take a drive, drive around; N 

tour, ride, drive (for pleasure); turi la atraes V tour the 

attractions, see the sights, sightsee, go sightseeing; 

turisme N tourism; turiste N tourist 

turmalina N tourmaline (mineral) 

turna VI VT turn; N turn; turnabroca (comp) N gimlet; 

turnador N lathe; turnavise (comp) N screwdriver; 

turnavise crusiforma N Phillips-head screwdriver, 

crosshead screwdriver 

turnix N buttonquail (wading bird: family Turnicidae) 

turno N shift (of work); turn (in game); fa se turno V do 

one's shift; take one's turn; turnor N shiftworker 

turon N turron, torrone (nougat) 

Tuvalu N Tuvalu; tuvalu ADJ N Tuvaluan 

tv ABBR (= television) TV 

txa INTERJ damn, blast, shit (annoyance) 

Txad N Chad; txadi ADJ N Chadian 

txapsui N chop suey 

txau INTERJ bye, ciao 

txaumen N chow mein 

Txesco N Czechia, Czech Republic; txesce ADJ N Czech 


txetxen ADJ N Chechen (person, language) 

txi N chi, qi, life energy, lifeforce 

Txile N Chile; txilan ADJ Chilean (person, language) 

Txoson N North Korea (also (Corea Norde)); txoson ADJ 

N North Korean 

txucot ADJ N Chukot, Chukchi (person, language) 

U N U (letter) 

u ADJ N Wu (language) 

U 

u INTERJ ooh, wow (pleasure, amazement) 

ua INTERJ wah (baby) 

uacari N uakari (mammal: genus Cacajao) 

uafel N waffle 

ualon ADJ N Walloon (person, language) 

uapiti N wapiti, elk (mammal: species Cervus canadensis) 

uasabi N wasabi (plant: species Wasabia japonica) 

uaua N wah-wah (music) 

uau-uau INTERJ woof, bow-wow (dog) 

Ucraina N Ukraine; ucrainsce ADJ N Ukrainian (person, 

language) 

uculele N ukulele 

ueb N (World-Wide) Web 

ueste ADJ west, western, occidental; N west, occident 

Uganda N Uganda; luganda ADJ N Luganda (language); 

ugandan ADJ N Ugandan 

ui INTERJ whee (excitement) 

uica N Wicca; uican ADJ N Wiccan 

uisce N whiskey, whisky (alcohol) 

uistiti N marmoset (mammal: genus Callithrix) 

ulex N gorse, furze (plant: genus Ulex) 

ulna N ulna 

ulong N oolong (tea) 

ulsera VI VT ulcerate; N ulcer, sore, ulceration; ulsera de 

leto N bedsore 

ultima ADJ ultimate, utmost, prime, last, eventual; ADV 

ultimately, eventually; cuasi ultima ADJ penultimate, 

second from last, last but one; du ante la ultima ADJ 

antepenultimate, third from last, last but two 

ultra PREP beyond, past, across; than; more than 

ultraortodox ADJ ultraorthodox 

ultravioleta ADJ N ultraviolet 

ulula VT N howl, wail 

umaian ADJ Umayyad, Omayyad 

umami N umami (flavor) 

Uman N Oman; umani ADJ N Omani 

umana ADJ human; humane; N human (being); 

desumani V dehumanize; N dehumanization; 

nonumana ADJ inhuman; supraumana ADJ N 

superhuman, übermensch; umanas N PL humans, 

humanity, mankind; umani VI VT humanize, 

anthropomorphize; N humanization, anthropomorphism; 

umania N humanity (quality); umanin ADJ humanlike, 

humanoid; umanisme N humanism; umaniste ADJ N 

humanitarian, humanist 

umbreta N hammerkop, hammerhead stork, anvilhead 

(bird: species Scopus umbretta) 

umida ADJ damp, moist, wet, humid; umidi VI VT dampen, 

moisten, humidify; umidia N dampness, moisture, 

wetness, humidity 

umil ADJ humble, modest (humble), meek, mild, 

unassuming, demure; umili VI VT humble; umilia N 

humility, modesty 

umlaut N umlaut (diacritic) 

umo N humus (soil) 

umor N humor (US), humour (Br), temper, mood; bodily 

fluid; bonumorosa ADJ in a good mood, cheerful, 

jovial, sanguine; de bon umor ADJ in a good mood, 

cheerful, jovial, sanguine; de mal umor ADJ in a bad 

123

mood, sulking, sulky, sullen, morose, brooding; mal 

umor N bad mood; malumorosa ADJ in a bad mood, 

sulking, sulky, sullen, morose, brooding; umoriste N 

humorist; umorosa ADJ humorous 

umus N hummus (food) 

un DET a, an, one; ADJ first; desuni V disunite; N disunion; 

reuni /re-uni/ V reunite, regroup, congregate, convoke, 

convene; N meeting, assembly, reunion, flock, 

congregation, convocation, convention, session; uni VI 

VT unite, unify; N union (act), unification; union 

(result), coalition, consortium; Uni de Republicas 

Sosialistes Soviet N Union of Soviet Socialist 

Republics; Uni Soviet N Soviet Union; unia N oneness, 

solidarity, integrity; unia de mone N unit of currency; 

unida ADJ united, unified; ADV together 

Ungaria N Hungary (also Magiar); ungarian ADJ N 

Hungarian (person, language) 

ungia N nail (anatomy), hoof 

ungulato N ungulate (mammal: superorder Ungulata) 

unia N unit (of measurement, structural) 

unica ADJ unique, sole, single, one-off, exclusive; ADV 

uniquely, solely, exclusively 

unicameral ADJ unicameral 

unicorno N unicorn; la Unicorno N Monoceros 


uniforma ADJ uniform; N uniform (dress), livery 

uniladal ADJ unilateral 

unitarian ADJ N Unitarian; unitarianisme N Unitarianism 

universa N universe, cosmos; universal ADJ universal; 

universalisme N Universalism; universaliste ADJ N 

Universalist 

universia N university, college; me universia de 

diploma N my alma mater 

unje VT anoint; N anointing; unjente N ointment, pomade, 

lotion 

uoc N wok 

uolframio N tungsten (element) 

uolof ADJ N Wolof (person, language) 

uonton N won ton 

upanixad N upanishad (Hindu scripture) 

uple N tuple (mathematics); record, struct (software) 

upsilon N upsilon (Greek letter) 

u-ra INTERJ hooray, hurrah (cheer) 

uranio N uranium (element) 

Urano N Uranus (mythology, planet) 

urbe N urban area, metropolis, city (densely populated 

and built-up area, not politically defined; compare site); 

urban ADJ urban, metropolitan; N city dweller, urbanite; 

urbani VI VT urbanize, citify; N urbanization; 

urbanisme N city planning; urbaniste N city planner 

urdu ADJ N Urdu (language) 

Urdun N Jordan (also Urdun); urduni ADJ N Jordanian 

urea N urea 

uremia N uremia (US), uraemia (Br) 

ureter N ureter 

124 

uretra N urethra 

uria N guillemot, murre (sea bird: genus Uria); urieta N 

murrelet (sea bird: genus Synthliboramphus and genus 

Brachyramphus) 

urina N urine; urini VT urinate; urination 

urje VT N urge; urjente ADJ urgent, pressing; N emergency 

uro N aurochs (species Bos primigenius) 

urso N bear (mammal: family Ursidae); la Urso Grande N 

Ursa Major (constellation); la Urso Peti N Ursa Minor 

(constellation); urso blanca N polar bear; urso de 

acua N water bear (phylum Tardigrada); urso de 

pelux N teddy bear; urso polal N polar bear 

Uruguai N Uruguay; uruguai ADJ N Uruguayan 

usa VT use, utilize, apply; wear (clothes); N use, 

employment, purpose, application; de usa sever ADJ 

heavy-duty; desusa V disuse, no longer use; N 

obsolescence; desusada ADJ disused, obsolete, archaic; 

malusa V misuse, abuse; malusa de drogos N drug 

abuse; nonusa N disuse, desuetude; nonusable ADJ 

unusable, useless; nonusada ADJ unused, out of use; 

nonusosa ADJ useless, idle; tro usada ADJ overused, 

hackneyed; usable ADJ usable; usada ADJ used, 

second-hand; usor N user; usor de rede N internet user, 

netizen; usosa ADJ useful, utilitarian; usosia N 

usefulness, utility 

usual ADJ usual, customary; ADV usually, customarily; 

nonusual ADJ unusual, odd, different; ADV unusually 

usura N usury; usuror N usurer; usurosa ADJ usurous 

utero N uterus, womb 

utia N hutia (mammal: family Capromyidae) 

util N tool, utensil, implement; util de scrive N writing 

implement; utiles de arjento N PL silverware; utiles de 

come N PL cutlery, flatware, eating utensils 

utilitariste ADJ N utilitarian (philosophy); utilitarisme ADJ 

N utilitarianism 

utopia N utopia; utopial ADJ utopian; utopisme N 

utopianism; utopiste N utopian 

u-u INTERJ coo (pigeon); twit twoo, hoo, hoot (owl) 

uva N grape (fruit: genus Vitis); uva seca N raisin, 

currant; uvo N grape vine (plant: genus Vitis) 

Uvea e Futuna N Wallis and Futuna; futuna ADJ N 

Futunan; uvea ADJ N Wallisian 

uvula N uvula; uvulal ADJ N uvular (consonant) 

Uzbecistan N Uzbekistan; uzbec ADJ N Uzbek, 

Uzbekistani (person, language) 

V /ve/ N V (letter) 

V 

v ABBR (= vide) see; ABBR (= volum) volume 

va ADV PREVERB will (future tense marker) 

vacanse VI N vacation, holiday; vacanseria N vacation 

spot, resort; vacansor N vacationer, holiday traveler 

(US), holiday traveller (Br), holidaymaker

vacua ADJ empty, hollow, null, void; N vacancy, void; 

suvacua ADJ vacuum-sealed; vacui VI VT empty, 

evacuate, erase, wipe, clear; N emptying, evacuation; 

vacuia N emptiness, vacuity, vacuum; vacuida ADJ 

emptied, vacant 

vacuol N vacuole 

vada VI wade, paddle; vaderia N wading pool (US), 

paddling pool (Br) 

vade VI go; work, function well; INTERJ go, let's go, come 

on, giddy-up, allons-y, vamos, avanti; como vade how 

are you, how's it going; revade V go back, return; vade 

a V go to, attend (regularly); vade en dirije a V go 

towards, head for, make for; vade par auto V go by car; 

vade par pasea V go by foot; vade per compra V go 

shopping; vade per pasea V go for a walk; vade per 

vide V go and see, go to see; vade sur se via V make 

one's way; vade sur un via V take a road, travel a path 

vaga VI wander, roam, rove, ramble, drift, digress, mill 

around; browse (through a book or in a store); vaga 

furtiva V prowl; vagante ADJ wandering, adrift; 

itinerant, mobile; stray (animal); crooked (shape); 

vagisme N nomadism; vagiste N nomad; vagor N 

wanderer, drifter 

vagabon N vagabond, hobo, tramp 

vagon N wagon, coach, car, carriage (including train); 

vagon de dormi N sleeping car, sleeper; vagoneria N 

coach house 

vajina N vagina; vajinal ADJ vaginal 

vajraiana ADJ Vajrayana 

Valahia N Wallachia; valah ADJ N vlach 

vale N valley 

valente ADJ valent; valentia N valence, valency (medical, 

chemistry) 

valeriana N valerian (plant: species Valeriana officinalis) 

valga ADJ N valgus (medical) 

valida ADJ valid, well-founded, cogent; current, in effect; 

desvalidi VI expire (but not die); VT invalidate; N 

expiration; desvalidida ADJ expired, out of date; 

nonvalida ADJ invalid; validi VI VT validate, ratify, 

endorse, certify; N validation, ratification, endorsement, 

certification 

valis N suitcase; valiseta N carry-on (luggage); valison N 

trunk (luggage) 

valsa VI waltz; N waltz 

valua VT value, prize; N value, worth, merit; equity, stock 

(financial); desvalua V devalue, belittle, disparage, 

denigrate, deprecate, trivialize, depreciate; N 

devaluation, depreciation; es valuada ADJ be worth, be 

valuable, have value; la plu valuada ADJ most valuable, 

inestimable; sin valua ADJ worthless, valueless; 

supravalua V overrate, overvalue; suvalua V 

underappreciate, underrate , undervalue; valuada ADJ 

worthy, valued, valuable, meritorious; valuadas N PL 

valuables, riches; valuosa ADJ valuable, precious; 

valuosas N PL valuables, riches 

valva N valve; tap, faucet; valva de banio N bath tap, bath 

faucet; valva de securia N safety valve 

vampir N vampire 

vana ADJ vain (immodest, but not futile); vania N vanity 

vanadio N vanadium (element) 

vandal ADJ Vandalic; N Vandal 

vanelo N lapwing (wading bird: subfamily Vanellinae) 

vanga N vanga (bird: family Vangidae) 

vangarda ADJ avant-garde, vanguard, cutting-edge, latest 

vanilia N vanilla (fruit, plant: genus Vanilla) 

vanta VT boast, brag; N boast; vantor N braggart; 

vantosa ADJ boastful 

vantaje N advantage, privilege, lead; con nonvantaje ADJ 

disadvantaged, handicapped; nonvantaje N 

disadvantage, handicap; vantajosa ADJ advantageous, 

opportune 

Vanuatu N Vanuatu; vanuatu ADJ N Vanuatuan 

vapor N vapor (US), vapour (Br), mist, steam; vapor 

nosiva N toxic mist, fumes; vapori VI evaporate, 

vaporize; steam; vaporosa ADJ misty, steamy 

vara ADJ N varus (medical) 

varano N monitor lizard (reptile: genus Varanus) 

varia VI VT vary, range; N variation, variety, version 

(including of text, product), revision; alga cosas 

variosa N various things, several things; 

nonvariable ADJ invariable; ADV invariably; 

nonvariablia N invariability; variable ADJ N variable; 

variada ADJ varied, variegated; variosa ADJ various, 

diverse 

variola N smallpox 

vasal N vassal; vasalia N vassalage 

vascular ADJ vascular 

vasculite N vasculitis 

vasila VI vacillate, hesitate (between two choices), waver, 

falter; N vacillation, hesitation, indecision; 

nonvasilante ADJ resolute, decisive; vasilante ADJ 

vacillating, hesitant, indecisive, irresolute 

vasin N vaccine; vasini VT vaccinate, inoculate; N 

vaccination, inoculation 

vasinia N bilberry, blueberry, huckleberry, cranberry 

(plant, berry: species Vaccinium myrtillus); vasinia 

blu N blueberry; vasinia roja N cranberry 

vaso N pot, vase, vessel, urn; vasia N pottery; vaso de 

cafe N coffee pot; vaso de note N chamber pot; vaso 

de peper N pepperpot; vaso de sal N salt cellar; vaso 

de te N teapot; vason N toilet bowl, toilet; vason 

urinal N urinal; vasor N potter 

vasopresina N vasopressin 

vasta ADJ vast, huge, widespread, large-scale, farreaching; 

ADV vastly, widely; vasti VI VT become vast, 

extend vastly, spread vastly; vastia N vastness 

vasto N lap (anatomy) 

vate N watt (measure); cilovate N kilowatt 

vatican ADJ Vatican; Site Vatican N Vatican City 

ve N name of letter V 

vea ADJ old, elderly; N old person; deveni tro vea per V 

outgrow; la plu vea ADJ oldest, eldest; plu vea ADJ 

older, elder; vei VI become old, age; VT make old, age; 

veia old age 

125

veber N weber (measure) 

veculo N vehicle; veculo funeral N hearse; veculo 

spasial N spacecraft 

veda N Veda (Hindu scripture); vedal ADJ Vedic 

vejetal ADJ N vegetable; vejetali VI vegetate; 

vejetalisme N vegetarianism; vejetaliste N vegetarian 

vela N sail; la Velas N Vela (constellation) 

velcro N velcro; de velcro ADJ velcro 

velia VI VT waken, awaken, wake up, arouse; veliada ADJ 

awake; veliador N alarm clock 

velo N veil; desveli V unveil; N unveiling; veli VT veil, 

shroud, enshroud; velida ADJ veiled 

velo N velum, soft palate; velal ADJ N velar (consonant); 

velali VI VT velarize 

veluda N velvet; veluda costelin N corduroy 

vena N vein; vena cava N vena cava; vena jugulal N 

jugular vein 

vende VT sell, market; N sale; bonvendeda ADJ 

bestselling; N bestseller (book or author); per 

vende ADJ for sale; revende V resell; N resale; 

revendor N resaler; vendador N vending machine; 

vende a mercato V market; vendor N vendor, seller, 

clerk, salesman, saleswoman; vendor de libros N 

bookseller; vendor de pex N fishmonger; vendor 

major N wholesaler; vendor minor N retailer 

vendeta N vendetta 

venena N poison, toxin; desveneni V detox; 

nonvenenosa ADJ nontoxic, nonpoisonous, atoxic; 

veneni VT poison; venenosa ADJ poisonous, toxic 

venerdi N Friday (day of week) 

Veneto N Veneto, Venetia 

Venezia N Venice 

Venezuela N Venezuela; venezuelan ADJ N Venezuelan 

veni VI come, arrive; N coming, arrival; bonveni V 

welcome; N welcome; INTERJ welcome; 

bonveninte ADJ welcoming, hospitable; 

nonbonveninte ADJ unwelcoming, inhospitable; 

reveni V come back, return, recur; reveni de caro N 

carriage return (character); reveninte ADJ recurring; tu 

veni de dise V you have just said, you just said (a 

moment ago); veni de V come from, originate from; 

(have) just; veni per vide V come and see, come to see; 

veninte ADJ coming, to come, future 

venja VT avenge (an act); N vengeance; venjor N avenger 

venseo N swift (bird: family Apodidae) 

venta VI blow (as wind); N wind; con la venta ADJ 

leeward, downwind; contra la venta ADJ windward, 

upwind; ventador N fan; venteta N breeze, zephyr; 

venti VT ventilate, fan; N ventilation; venton N gale; 

ventosa ADJ windy 

ventre N belly, front (of body); desventri VT disembowel, 

gut; ventral ADJ ventral, of the belly, of the front 

ventriculo N ventricle 

ventrilocuo N ventriloquist 

Venus N Venus (planet, mythology) 

vera ADJ true, real, actual, authentic, genuine; ADV very, 

126 

truly, really, actually, in fact, seriously, sincerely, at all; 

en vera no modo ADV in no way at all, in no way 

whatsoever; vera no ADV not at all; vera no cosa N 

nothing at all, none at all; veria N truth 

veranda N veranda, porch 

verbena N verbena, vervain (plant: genus Verbena) 

verbo N verb 

verde ADJ N green (color); verde de cupre N verdigris; 

verdin ADJ greenish 

verdeta N greenfinch (bird: genus Chloris) 

verdin N leafbird (bird: genus Chloropsis) 

vergonia VI be ashamed, feel shame; VT shame, humiliate; 

N shame, humiliation; sin vergonia ADJ shameless; 

vergoniosa ADJ shameful 

verje VI VT turn (change direction while moving), verge, 

veer (towards); per cada verje ADJ turn-by-turn; verje 

U N U-turn 

verme N worm; verme de tera N earthworm (annelid: 

suborder Lumbricina); verme plata N flatworm 

(phylum Platyhelminthes); verme ronda N roundworm 

(phylum Nematoda); vermi VI worm 

vermixeli N vermicelli 

vernis N varnish; vernisi VT varnish 

versa VI VT pour, tip; malversa V spill, upset 

vertebra N vertebra; vertebral ADJ vertebral 

vertebrato ADJ N vertebrate (subphylum Vertebrata); 

nonvertebrato ADJ N invertebrate 

vertical ADJ vertical, upright 

vertigo N vertigo, dizziness, lightheadedness; 

vertigosa ADJ dizzy, giddy, lightheaded 

veruca N wart, verruca; verucosa ADJ warty 

ves N occasion, time, instance; turn (in a game); a cada 

ves ADV on each occasion, each time; a multe 

veses ADV frequently, often, usually; a no ves ADV on 

no occasion, at no time; a poca veses ADV rarely, 

seldom, occasionally; a un ves ADV once (one time); a 

un ves o un otra ADV at one time or another, sooner or 

later; a un ves pasada ADV once upon a time; a 

veses ADV at times, sometimes, occasionally, from time 

to time, now and then; de ves a ves ADV from time to 

time, now and then, now and again, on occasion, 

occasionally; du a cada ves two at a time; no a esta 

ves ADV not this time 

vesica N bladder; vesica bilal N gall bladder 

vesicula N vesicle 

vespa N wasp, hornet (insect: suborder Apocrita, 

excepting bees and ants); vespa parasital N parasitic 

wasp 

veste N garment, item of clothing; desvesti V undress; 

nonconveninte vestida ADJ inappropriately dressed, 

underdressed; revesti V reclothe; recoat; N recoat; tro 

calda vestida ADJ dressed too warmly, overdressed; tro 

formal vestida ADJ dressed too formally, overdressed; 

tro ostentosa vestida ADJ dressed too ostentatiously, 

overdressed; veste alta N top, upper garment; veste 

basa N lower garment (pants, skirt, etc); veste de 

fantasia N costume, fancy dress; veste de nada N

swimming costume, swimsuit; veste de sumerjor N 

wetsuit; veste etnical N (traditional) costume, national 

dress; veste spasial N spacesuit; vesteria N dressing 

room, changing room, fitting room; vestry; vestes N PL 

clothes, outfit, dress; vestes pronto N ready-to-wear 

clothing, pret-à-porter clothing; vesteta N 

undergarment; vestetas N PL undergarments, 

underclothes, underwear; vestetas delicata N PL 

lingerie; vesti VT dress, clothe; dress (wound); coat (as 

of paint); N coat, coating (as of paint) 

vestijio N vestige; vestijial ADJ vestigial 

veteran ADJ N veteran 

vetor N vector, one-dimensional array 

via N way, avenue, highway, route, course; path (of file); a 

via ADV (go, throw, put) away, (saw) off, (throw) out; a 

via de ADV away from; en via ADV on the way, en 

route; Via Letin N Milky Way; via levada N causeway; 

via rapida N quick route, shortcut; via xef N main road 

viaduto N viaduct 

viaja VT travel; N journey, trip, voyage, drive; viaja dial V 

N commute; viaja la ueb V surf the net; viaja per 

plaser V N cruise; viaja tra la mundo N world travel; 

viaja tra tempo N time travel; viajor N traveler (US), 

traveller (Br), voyager, passenger, wayfarer; viajor de 

mar N seafarer; viajor dial N commuter; viajor tra la 

mundo N world traveler (US), world traveller (Br), 

globetrotter; viajor tra tempo N time traveler (US), time 

traveller (Br) 

viajamania N wanderlust, urge to travel; viajamanica ADJ 

globetrotting, habitually wandering; N globetrotter, 

habitual wanderer 

vibra VI VT vibrate; thrill; trill; flicker (lights); N vibration; 

vibrador N vibrator, buzzer; vibrante ADJ vibrating; 

thrilling; trilled (consonant); N trill (consonant) 

vibrisa N whisker 

viburno N viburnum (plant: genus Viburnum) 

vici N wiki 

vicing ADJ N Viking 

Vicipedia N Wikipedia 

victorian ADJ Victorian 

vicunia N vicuña (species Vicugna vicugna) 

vide VT see (including discover, understand), watch (film, 

sport); N sight, vision, eyesight; (tu) vide INTERJ you see 

(conversational tag); fasil vidable ADJ salient, 

conspicuous; no vide V miss, not see; 

nonprevidable ADJ unforeseeable; nonvidable ADJ 

invisible; nonvidablia N invisibility; partal vidente ADJ 

partially sighted; previdable ADJ foreseeable; previde V 

foresee, expect, anticipate, preview; N preview, 

expectation, anticipation; trailer (film, TV); previdor N 

seer, visionary; revide V see again; supravide V 

supervise, oversee, look over; N supervision, 

overseeing, oversight; supravidor N supervisor, 

overseer, superintendent; vidable ADJ visible, 

macroscopic; vidador N viewer (machine); viewfinder; 

vidal ADJ visual; ADV visually; vide tunelin N tunnel 

vision; videta V N glimpse, peek, peep, pry; videta 

acaso V N glimpse; videta secreta V N peek; vidor N 

viewer (person); vidores N PL audience 

video ADJ N video; videador N video recorder, video 

player, VCR, DVD player; video par comanda N video 

on demand 

vidua ADJ widowed; N widow, widower; indigobird, 

whydah (bird: genus Vidua); vidui VI VT widow 

Vietnam N Vietnam; viet ADJ N Vietnamese (person, 

language) 

vijila VT watch, be vigilant for, be alert for, keep an eye 

on, monitor; N watch, vigil, vigilance, surveillance; es 

vijilante ADJ be vigilant, watch out, keep a lookout; 

vijila de tota santas N Halloween; vijilante ADJ 

vigilant, alert; vijilor N sentinel, watchman 

vil ADJ vile, loathsome, depraved, ignoble; N villain, 

scoundrel, crook, con man, miscreant, evildoer, 

malfeasant, culprit, wrongdoer, reprobate, rogue, 

scoundrel, fiend; vilia N vice, villainy, depravity 

vila N town; vila de universia N campus; vileta N village; 

vileta noncorporada N unincorporated village, hamlet; 

viletan N villager 

vim N wicker 

vina N veena (Indian instrument) 

vinagra N vinegar; vinagri VT marinade in vinegar, 

marinate in vinegar, pickle; vinagrida ADJ pickled 

vinieta N vignette, decorative symbol 

vino N wine; vendor de vinos N wine merchant, vintner 

(Br); vino bolante N sparkling wine; vino fortida N 

fortified wine; vinor N winemaker, vintner (US) 

vinse VT vanquish, defeat, surmount, overcome, beat, 

subdue; win (battle); N victory, triumph; vinsal ADJ 

triumphal; vinse sin valua N Pyrrhic victory; 

vinseda ADJ N vanquished, defeated; vinsente ADJ 

victorious, triumphant; vinsor N victor, conqueror, 

winner 

viola N viola; viola de rota N hurdy-gurdy, wheel fiddle 

viole VT violate, infringe, break (rule, law), transgress, 

defile, desecrate; rape; N violation, infringement, 

transgression; rape; nonviolable ADJ inviolable; 

nonviolente ADJ nonviolent; viole de patenta N patent 

infringement; violente ADJ violent, harsh; violentia N 

violence; violor N rapist 

violeta ADJ violet (color); N violet (color; flower: genus 

Viola) 

violin N violin, fiddle; violiniste N violinist, fiddler 

violonxelo N violoncello 

vipera N viper, adder (snake: family Viperidae) 

vireo N vireo (bird: family Vireonidae) 

virgula N comma 

virjin ADJ virginal, sexually innocent, chaste; N virgin, 

maiden; la Virjin N Virgo (constellation); virjinia N 

virginity, chastity 

virola N virola (tree: genus Virola) 

virtua N virtue, purity, decency, innocence (moral), 

righteousness, rectitude; virtuosa ADJ virtuous, pure, 

decent, innocent (morally), righteous 

virtual ADJ virtual; ADV virtually 

virus N virus; sperde virusin V spread like a virus, go 

viral; virusal ADJ viral 

127

vis- PREF N vice- [added to a noun: deputy (visre)] 

visa N visa 

viscio N mistletoe (plant: genus Viscum) 

viscosa ADJ viscous, thick, sticky (of fluid); viscosia N 

viscosity, stickiness (of fluid) 

vise N screw (fastener), bolt (male); vise crusiforma N 

Phillips screw, crosshead screw; vise cuadro N square 

screw, square bolt; vise de Allen N Allen screw, Allen 

bolt; vise esagon N hex cap screw, hex cap bolt; vise 

nonfininte N wormgear; vise per lenio N wood screw; 

vise per metal N metal screw; vise ranurida N slot 

screw; visi VT screw, bolt 

visera N viscera, guts; viseral ADJ visceral 

visia N vetch (plant: genus Vicia) 

visigota ADJ Visigothic; N Visigoth 

visina ADJ neighboring (US), neighbouring (Br), 

adjoining; N neighbor (US), neighbour (Br); visineria N 

neighborhood (US), neighbourhood (Br); visineria de 

lata N shanty town, squatter camp; visineria misera N 

slum; visinia N vicinity 

visita VT visit; N visit, stopover, call; visitor N visitor; 

visitor invitada N guest 

vison N mink (mammal: species Neovison vison, species 

Mustela lutreola) 

vista N view, sight, vista, prospect, landscape; en vista 

de PREP in sight of; estra vista ADV out of sight; 

retrovista N rear view; ultra vista ADV out of sight; 

vista airal N bird's-eye view; vista de mundo N worldview, 

weltanschauung; vista jeneral N general view, 

overview (of a topic); vista ladal N sideview 

vitamina N vitamin 

vite N vine; viteria N vineyard; viteta N tendril 

vitelo N yolk 

Viti N Fiji; viti ADJ N Fijian 

vitiligo N vitiligo 

vitima N victim, casualty, prey 

vitriol N vitriol (emotion); vitrio (acid); vitriolosa ADJ 

vitriolic 

vitro N glass (material, vessel); slide (for microscope); en 

vitro ADJ in vitro; vitrin ADJ glassy, glazed 

vive VI live, be alive; N life; de vive intera ADJ lifelong; 

en vive ADJ in vivo; revive V revive, resuscitate, 

resurrect, revitalize; N revival, resuscitation, 

resurrection, revitalization; vive la re INTERJ long live 

the king; vive pos mori N life after death, afterlife, 

hereafter; vivente ADJ alive, living; N creature; 

viveria N nursery (for plants); vivin ADJ lifelike, vivid; 

vivosa ADJ lively, vital, spry, full of life; vivosia N 

liveliness, vitality 

vivipari VI give birth viviparously (biology); viviparia N 

vivipary; viviparinte ADJ viviparous 

vivisesioni VT perform a vivisection on; N vivisection 

vocabulo N vocabulary, lexicon; vocabulal ADJ lexical 

vocal ADJ vocalic; N vowel; vocal abrida N open vowel; 

vocal cluida N close vowel; vocal dorsal N back 

vowel; vocal frontal N front vowel; vocal media N mid 

vowel; vocal media abrida N open-mid vowel; vocal 

128 

media cluida N close-mid vowel; vocal plata N 

unrounded vowel; vocal ronda N rounded vowel; vocal 

sentral N central vowel; vocali VI VT vocalize 

(linguistics) 

vocativa ADJ N vocative (grammar) 

vodca N vodka 

vodevil ADJ N vaudeville 

vola VI VT fly; N flight; vola alta V soar; voleta V flutter, 

go fluttering past; volor N aviator, pilot 

volante N steering wheel 

volatil ADJ volatile; volatilia N volatility 

volcan N volcano; volcanal ADJ volcanic 

vole VT want, wish, desire, intend; N will, intention; 

discretion; a se vole ADV at one's discretion; a 

vole ADV at will; bon voles N PL best wishes; 

bonvole N good will, benevolence; bonvolente ADJ 

benevolent, magnanimous; bonvolor N volunteer; es un 

bonvolor V volunteer; malvole N ill will, malice, 

malevolence; malvolente ADJ malicious, malevolent, 

sinister, evil, wicked; nonvolente ADJ unwilling, 

reluctant; ADV unwillingly; nos ta vole aida we would 

like to help (but maybe we won't); vole dise V mean, 

intend to say; vole sabe V wonder, want to know; 

volente ADJ willing, intentional; ADV willingly, 

deliberately, intentionally, on purpose; volente o 

nonvolente ADV willy-nilly, like it or not 

volpe N fox (mammal: genus Vulpes); la Volpe N 

Vulpecula (constellation) 

volta VI somersault, flip, go head over heels, tumble, 

topple; N somersault; volta ladal N cartwheel; voltor N 

tumbler (acrobat) 

volta N vault (ceiling) 

volte N volt (measure) 

volum N volume (capacity, loudness, book) 

volunta N will, willpower; volunta libre N free will 

vombata N wombat (mammal: family Vombatidae) 

vomita N vomit; vomiti VT vomit, regurgitate; N 

regurgitation 

vortis N vortex, whirlpool, maelstrom; vortis de venta N 

whirlwind 

vos PRON you (plural); DET your (plural) 

vose N voice; articulation; a vose ADV aloud, out loud 

(not silently); vose ativa N active voice (grammar); 

vose pasiva N passive voice (grammar); vosi VT voice, 

vocalize, give voice to, utter; N vocalism, vocalization 

vota VT vote; N vote; vota jeneral N general election 

vudu N voodoo 

vulgar ADJ vulgar; vulgaria N vulgarity 

vultur N vulture (bird: subfamily Aegypiinae, family 

Cathartidae) 

vulva N vulva

W /wa/ N W (letter) 

wa N name of letter W 

W 

www /wawawa/ N WWW, World-Wide Web 

X /ex/ N X (letter) 

xa N shah 

X 

xacal N jackal (mammal: species Canis aureus, species 

Canis adustus, species Canis mesomelas) 

xace VT check (in chess); N chess; check; INTERJ check! 

xacemata VT checkmate; N checkmate; INTERJ checkmate! 

xacra N chakra 

xacuhatxi N shakuhachi (Japanese flute) 

xador N chador 

xal N shawl 

xale N chalet, bungalow 

xama VI swarm; N swarm (insects, people) 

xaman N shaman, sangoma, witch doctor 

xambelan N chamberlain 

xamisen N shamisen (Japanese string instrument) 

xampania N champagne; xampania multe seca N brut 

champagne 

xampinion N mushroom (fruiting body of certain fungi: 

class Agaricomycetes) 

xampu N shampoo 

xamroc N shamrock 

xangtxi N xiangqi (Chinese chess) 

xantoma N xanthoma 

xantopsia N xanthopsia 

xapa N veneer; xapi VT veneer 

xapareras N PL chaps 

xapo N hat; header (data); xaperia N hat shop; xapeta N 

cap, kepi, bonnet; xapo de note N nightcap; xapo de 

paje N header; xapo saturnin N saturn hat; xapo 

silindre N top hat; xapon N broad-brimmed hat, 

sombrero, fedora, akubra, cowboy hat, slouch hat; 

xapor N hatter, milliner 

xarci N jerky (dried meat) 

xaria N sharia 

xarlatan N charlatan; babbler (bird); xarlatan medical N 

quack 

xarleston N hi-hat (cymbal) 

xarnier N hinge 

xarpe N sash (garment); xarpe de taie N cummerbund; 

xarpe medical N sling (bandage) 

xasa VT chase, chase away, hunt, pursue, prey upon; N 

chase, hunt, pursuit; xasa de balenas N whaling; xasa 

furtiva V prowl; xasafem (comp) N playboy, lothario, 

gigolo, ladies' man, womanizer, philanderer, wolf, rake, 

roué; xasor N hunter, predator; hound, hunting dog 

xasi N chassis, undercarriage 

xaxaxa N cha-cha-cha (dance) 

Xciperia N Albania; xcip ADJ N Albanian (person, 

language) 

xec N sheik, sheikh, shaikh; xecia N sheikdom 

xece N check (US), cheque (Br) (money) 

xecel N shekel 

xecer ADJ N Shaker; xecerisme N Shakerism 

xef ADJ chief, main, primary, principal, foremost; ADV 

chiefly, mainly, mostly, primarily, principally; N chief, 

leader, head; chef; xef de cosina N chef; xef de 

stasion N station master; xef sin potia N figurehead; 

xeferia N headquarters 

xelo N cello 

xenofil ADJ xenophilic; N xenophile; xenofilia N 

xenophilia 

xenofobia N xenophobia; xenofobica ADJ xenophobic; N 

xenophobe 

xenon N xenon (element) 

xerca VT look for, seek, search, search for, ask for; N 

search; xerca sieca V search blindly, grope; xercador N 

search engine; xercaemplea (comp) N jobseeker; 

xercor N seeker, searcher 

xeres N sherry 

xerif N sheriff 

xerofil ADJ xerophilic; N xerophile; xerofilia N xerophilia 

xeroftalmia N xerophthalmia 

xerografia N xerography 

xerostomia N xerostomia 

xevron N chevron; angle bracket 

xi N xi (Greek letter) 

xia ADJ N Shia, Shiite, Shi'ite 

xiang ADJ N Xiang, Hunan (language) 

xiatsu N shiatsu (Japanese massage) 

xibolet N shibboleth 

xica N girl; gal (informal: woman); xica de cor N 

girlfriend; xica de jornales N newsgirl, paper girl; xica 

masin N tomboy; xica vagante N street urchin, gamine; 

xico N boy; guy (informal: man); xico de cor N 

boyfriend; xico de jornales N newsboy, paper boy; xico 

femin N girlish boy; xico vagante N street urchin, 

gamin 

xicle N chicle 

xicoria N chicory, endive (plant: species Cichorium 

intybus) 

xifon N chiffon 

xilema N xylem 

xili N chili, chili pepper (US), chilli, chilli pepper (Br), 

chile, hot pepper (fruit of genus Capsicum); salsa de 

xili N chili sauce (US), chilli sauce (Br), hot sauce; xili 

con carne N chili con carne (US), chilli con carne (Br); 

xili polvida N chili powder (US), chilli powder (Br) 

129

xilia VT N shriek, scream, screech; xiliante ADJ screaming, 

shrieking; shrill, piercing (sound); garish, loud (color) 

xiling N shilling (money) 

xilofaje ADJ xylophagous; N xylophage 

xilofon N xylophone 

xilografia N xylography, woodcut printing; xilografial ADJ 

xylographic 

xilosa N xylose 

ximine N chimney; funnel (of ship); vent (of volcano); 

ximineria N hearth, fireplace, grate 

ximpanze N chimpanzee (primate: genus Pan) 

Xina N China (also Jonguo); xines ADJ N Chinese (person, 

language) 

xinion N chignon, bun (hairstyle) 

Xinjiang N Xinjiang, Sinkiang 

xinto N shinto 

xinxe N bug (suborder Heteromorpha); xinxe de acua N 

waterbug (insect: infraorder Nepomorpha, 

Gerromorpha); xinxe de leto N bedbug (insect: family 

Cimicidae); xinxe scermin N shield bug, stinkbug 

(insect: infraorder Pentatomomorpha) 

xinxila N chinchilla (mammal: genus Chinchilla) 

xip N (potato) chip (US), crisp (Br) 

xipotle N chipotle 

xiroco N sirocco (wind) 

xirope N syrup; xirope de asero N maple syrup; xirope 

de granada N grenadine (syrup) 

xitace N shiitake mushroom (fungus: species Lentinula 

edodes) 

xixcebab N shish kebab 

xixe N chickpea (plant: species Cicer arietinum) 

xoca VT shock, alarm, appall (US), appal (Br); crash, 

collide; N shock; crash, collision; antixoca ADJ 

antishock, shockproof; xocada ADJ shocked, aghast, 

appalled, horrified; xocante ADJ shocking, alarming, 

appalling, terrible; xocaoio (comp) N eyesore, 

monstrosity 

xocolada N chocolate; xocolador N chocolatier 

xogi N shogi (Japanese chess) 

xogun N shogun 

xoji N shoji (rice paper screen) 

xoviniste ADJ N chauvinist; xovinisme N chauvinism 

xucrute N sauerkraut 

xuta VT shoot (bullets, photograph, film, marbles, for 

goal); N shot (act); xutada N shot (bullet); xutor N 

shooter, sniper 

xux INTERJ sh 

xuxa VT whisper; rustle; prompt (theatre); N whisper; 

rustle 

xva N schwa (ə) 

130 

Y /ya/ N Y (letter) 

ya N name of letter Y 

Z /ze/ N Z (letter) 

Y 

Z 

zabalion N zabaglione, zabaione (Italian custard) 

zada N hoe; zadi VT hoe 

zafran N saffron (spice from plant: species Crocus sativus) 

zagruta VT N zaghrouta, zaghareet, ululation (woman's 

high-pitched trill) 

Zair N Zaire 

Zambia N Zambia; zambian ADJ N Zambian 

ze N name of letter Z 

zebra N zebra (mammal: species Equus zebra, species 

Equus quagga, species Equus grevyi) 

zebu N zebu (mammal: species Bos primigenius indicus) 

Zeland Nova N New Zealand; zelandes ADJ N New 

Zealand 

zelo N zeal, enthusiasm, avidity, ardor (US), ardour (Br), 

fervor (US), fervour (Br), brio, gusto; zelosa ADJ 

zealous, enthusiastic, eager, keen, passionate, ardent, 

avid, fervent, hearty, heartfelt, (emotionally) warm; 

anxious (positively) 

zen N zen 

zenite N zenith 

zero DET zero; ADJ zeroth; PRON none, nothing 

zeta N zeta (Greek letter) 

zezea VT lisp; N lisp 

zibelina N sable (mammal: species Martes zibellina) 

zigoto N zygote 

zigurat N ziggurat 

zigzaga VI zigzag; N zigzag 

Zimbabue N Zimbabwe; zimbabuean ADJ N Zimbabwean 

zinco N zinc 

zinia N zinnia (plant: genus Zinnia) 

zipe N zipper (US), zip (Br); fly, flies (of trousers); 

dezipi VT unzip; zipi VT zip 

zirconio N zirconium (element) 

zloti N zloty 

zo N zoo, menagerie 

zoco N wooden shoe, clog, sabot; zocor N clogmaker 

zodiaco N zodiac 

zolojia N zoology; zolojial ADJ zoological; zolojiste N 

zoologist 

zombi N zombie 

zona N zone; zona de ora N time zone

zoroastriste ADJ N Zoroastrian; zoroastrisme N 

Zoroastrianism 

zuca N pumpkin, squash, gourd, marrow (fruit, plant: 

genus Lagenaria, genus Cucurbita); zuceta N zucchini, 

courgette (fruit, plant: species Cucurbita pepo) 

zucar N sugar; zucar de orzo N barley sugar; zucari VT 

sugar; zucarosa ADJ sugary 

zulu ADJ N Zulu (person, language) 

zuma VI VT zoom, zoom in; N zoom, zooming; dezuma V 

zoom out 

zumbi VT hum (including music), buzz, whir, drone; 

whizz, whoosh; zumbador N buzzer 

131

Lingua Franca Nova English Dictionary

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?